Device for measuring pore water pressure gradient of rock-soil mass

Abstract

The utility model relates to pore water pressure measurement technical field discloses geotechnical body pore water pressure gradient measuring device, including fixed pipe, the lower surface fixed connection of fixed pipe has the insertion block, the lower surface of fixed pipe is provided with the protection seat, the inside of protection seat is connected in the outer wall sliding of insertion block, the outer wall sliding of insertion block is connected with the ball bearing, the inside of protection seat is connected in the outer wall sliding of ball bearing, the outer wall fixed connection of ball bearing has the push piece, the outer wall fixed connection of push piece has the slide column, the outer wall sliding of slide column has the first spring, the inside of fixed pipe is provided with the conduction subassembly. In the utility model, through protection seat can to the internal structure protection of fixed pipe, through the cooperation of insertion block, ball bearing, push piece, slide column and first spring to protection seat and fixed pipe installation fixed, reach through the design of convenient dismantling in use fast to take down use, when not using, the effect that the internal structure of fixed pipe is conveniently provided with additional protection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of pore water pressure measurement technology, and in particular to a device for measuring pore water pressure gradient in rock and soil. Background Technology

[0002] Soil and rock masses refer to geological media composed of rocks and soil, which are widely present in the natural environment. They possess complex structures and mechanical properties, making them important research subjects in geotechnical engineering, hydraulic engineering, and geological disaster prevention. In foundation pit engineering, dam construction, tunnel construction projects, and other projects, the measurement of pore water pressure is crucial for assessing soil stability and designing reasonable support structures; therefore, soil and rock pore water pressure gradient measurement devices are used.

[0003] A pore water pressure gradient measuring device for soil and rock is an instrument used to measure the pore water pressure and its gradient changes within soil and rock masses. In existing pore water pressure measurement technologies for soil and rock masses, the measuring device is often a fixed, integrated design, and it is difficult to protect the internal structure when not in use, making it susceptible to physical damage that affects the measurement results. Utility Model Content

[0004] To overcome the above shortcomings, this utility model provides a pore water pressure gradient measuring device for soil and rock, which aims to improve the problem that measuring devices are often designed as fixed integrated units, and it is difficult to protect the internal structure when not in use, making them susceptible to physical damage that affects the measurement results.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a pore water pressure gradient measuring device for soil and rock, comprising a fixed tube, an insert block fixedly connected to the lower surface of the fixed tube, a protective seat provided on the lower surface of the fixed tube, the outer wall of the insert block slidably connected to the inside of the protective seat, a ball bearing slidably connected to the outer wall of the insert block, the outer wall of the ball bearing slidably connected to the inside of the protective seat, a push plate fixedly connected to the outer wall of the ball bearing, the outer wall of the push plate slidably connected to the inside of the protective seat, a sliding column fixedly connected to the outer wall of the push plate, a limiting groove provided inside the protective seat, the outer wall of the sliding column slidably connected to the inner wall of the limiting groove, a first spring slidably connected to the outer wall of the sliding column, one end of the first spring fixedly connected to the outer wall of the push plate, the other end of the first spring fixedly connected to the inside of the protective seat, and a conductive component provided inside the fixed tube.

[0006] Preferably, the conductive component includes a filter cloth, the outer wall of which is disposed on the inner wall of the fixed tube, a filter screen is disposed on the upper surface of the filter cloth, the outer wall of which is disposed on the inner wall of the fixed tube, and a permeable stone layer is disposed on the upper surface of the filter screen, the outer wall of which is disposed on the inner wall of the fixed tube.

[0007] Preferably, a pore water pressure sensor is installed inside the fixed tube, a sealing cover is slidably connected inside the fixed tube, a pull rod is slidably connected inside the fixed tube, and a pull tab is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the pull rod.

[0008] Preferably, a connecting piece is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the pull rod, the outer wall of the connecting piece is slidably connected to the inside of the fixed tube, and a second spring is slidably connected to the outer wall of the connecting piece. One end of the second spring is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting piece, and the other end of the second spring is fixedly connected to the inside of the fixed tube.

[0009] Preferably, the outer wall of the connecting piece is fixedly connected to a plug rod, the outer wall of the plug rod is slidably connected to the inside of the fixed tube, and the outer wall of the plug rod is slidably connected to a locking rod.

[0010] Preferably, the outer wall of the clamping rod is slidably connected to the inside of the fixed tube, and a fixing plate and a pressure plate are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the clamping rod.

[0011] Preferably, the outer wall of the pressure plate is slidably connected to the inside of the fixed tube, the outer wall of the pressure plate is fixedly connected to a retaining post, the outer wall of the retaining post is slidably connected to the inside of the fixed tube, and the outer wall of the retaining post is slidably connected to the inside of the sealing cap.

[0012] Preferably, a third spring is slidably connected to the outer wall of the retaining post, one end of the third spring is fixedly connected to the inside of the fixing tube, and the other end of the third spring is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the pressure plate.

[0013] This utility model has the following beneficial effects: 1. In this utility model, the protective seat can protect the internal structure of the fixed tube. The protective seat and the fixed tube can be installed and fixed by the cooperation of the insert block, ball, push plate, slide column and the first spring. The design is easy to disassemble, so it can be quickly removed for use. When not in use, it can provide extra protection for the internal structure of the fixed tube to avoid damage and contamination.

[0014] 2. In this utility model, pulling the pull plate causes the pull rod to slide. Through the cooperation of the connecting plate, the second spring, the insert rod, the clamping rod, the fixing plate, the pressure plate, the clamping post and the third spring, the sealing cover seals and protects the inside of the fixed tube, achieving the effect of preventing liquid leakage through effective sealing design and ensuring the accuracy of the measurement results. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the pore water pressure gradient measuring device for soil and rock proposed in this utility model; Figure 2This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the internal structure of the fixed tube of the soil pore water pressure gradient measuring device proposed in this utility model; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the internal structure of the protective base of the soil pore water pressure gradient measuring device proposed in this utility model; Figure 4 This is a partial structural diagram of the insertion rod of the soil pore water pressure gradient measuring device proposed in this utility model.

[0016] Legend: 1. Fixed tube; 2. Insert block; 3. Protective seat; 4. Ball bearing; 5. Push plate; 6. Sliding column; 7. First spring; 8. Limiting groove; 9. Filter cloth; 10. Filter screen; 11. Permeable stone layer; 12. Pore water pressure sensor; 13. Sealing cover; 14. Pull rod; 15. Pull plate; 16. Connecting plate; 17. Second spring; 18. Insert rod; 19. Clamping rod; 20. Fixed plate; 21. Pressure plate; 22. Clamping column; 23. Third spring. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0018] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 An embodiment of this utility model provides a pore water pressure gradient measuring device for soil and rock, comprising a fixed tube 1, an insert 2 fixedly connected to the lower surface of the fixed tube 1, a protective seat 3 provided on the lower surface of the fixed tube 1, the outer wall of the insert 2 slidably connected to the inside of the protective seat 3, a ball 4 slidably connected to the outer wall of the insert 2, the outer wall of the ball 4 slidably connected to the inside of the protective seat 3, a push plate 5 fixedly connected to the outer wall of the ball 4, the outer wall of the push plate 5 slidably connected to the inside of the protective seat 3, a sliding column 6 fixedly connected to the outer wall of the push plate 5, a limiting groove 8 provided inside the protective seat 3, the outer wall of the sliding column 6 slidably connected to the inner wall of the limiting groove 8, a first spring 7 slidably connected to the outer wall of the sliding column 6, one end of the first spring 7 fixedly connected to the outer wall of the push plate 5, the other end of the first spring 7 fixedly connected to the inside of the protective seat 3, and a conductive component provided inside the fixed tube 1; Specifically, the fixing tube 1 fixes the insert block 2. The insertion block 2 is inserted into the protective seat 3, which limits the position of the fixing tube 1 and the protective seat 3. The protective seat 3 protects the fixing tube 1. When the protective seat 3 is installed on the fixing tube, it protects the internal structure of the fixing seat 1. The ball bearing 4 limits and fixes the insert block 2. When the ball bearing 4 is squeezed by the insert block 2, it pushes the push plate 5 to slide against the inner wall of the protective seat 3. The push plate 5 fixes the sliding column 6, which in turn slides on the inner wall of the limiting groove 8. The limiting groove 8 limits the sliding distance of the sliding column 6. The first spring 7 is set between the push plate 5 and the protective seat 3. It will be squeezed by the sliding of the push plate 5. When the ball bearing 4 is stuck on the outer wall of the insert block 2, the rebound of the first spring 7 will push the ball bearing 4 in the opposite direction to lock the insert block 2, thereby fixing the fixing tube 1 and the protective seat 3.

[0019] Reference Figure 2 The conductive component includes a filter cloth 9, the outer wall of the filter cloth 9 is disposed on the inner wall of the fixed pipe 1, a filter screen 10 is disposed on the upper surface of the filter cloth 9, the outer wall of the filter screen 10 is disposed on the inner wall of the fixed pipe 1, and a permeable stone layer 11 is disposed on the upper surface of the filter screen 10, the outer wall of the permeable stone layer 11 is disposed on the inner wall of the fixed pipe 1. Specifically, the filter cloth 9 allows water to pass freely, ensuring that pore water can smoothly reach the pore water pressure sensor 12, while protecting the pore water pressure sensor 12 from external physical impacts and chemical corrosion. The filter screen 10 plays a further filtration role, intercepting finer particles and ensuring that the water entering the pore water pressure sensor 12 is purer. The permeable stone layer 11 is usually made of porous ceramics, sintered metals or special plastics, which has good permeability, allowing pore water to pass freely and protecting the pore water pressure sensor 12 from direct impacts from soil particles, reducing the risk of wear and blockage.

[0020] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 4A pore water pressure sensor 12 is installed inside the fixed pipe 1. A sealing cover 13 is slidably connected inside the fixed pipe 1. A pull rod 14 is slidably connected inside the fixed pipe 1. A pull piece 15 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the pull rod 14. A connecting piece 16 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the pull rod 14. The outer wall of the connecting piece 16 is slidably connected to the inside of the fixed pipe 1. A second spring 17 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the connecting piece 16. One end of the second spring 17 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting piece 16, and the other end of the second spring 17 is fixedly connected to the inside of the fixed pipe 1. An insertion rod 18 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting piece 16. The outer wall of the insertion rod 18 is slidably connected to the inside of the fixed pipe 1. The outer wall of the insertion rod 18 is slidably connected to a locking rod 19; the outer wall of the locking rod 19 is slidably connected to the inside of the fixing tube 1; a fixing plate 20 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the locking rod 19; a pressure plate 21 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the locking rod 19; a locking post 22 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the pressure plate 21; the outer wall of the locking post 22 is slidably connected to the inside of the fixing tube 1; the outer wall of the locking post 22 is slidably connected to the inside of the sealing cover 13; a third spring 23 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the locking post 22; one end of the third spring 23 is fixedly connected to the inside of the fixing tube 1; the other end of the third spring 23 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the pressure plate 21. Specifically, the pore water pressure sensor 12 is existing technology. By installing the pore water pressure sensor 12 inside the fixed pipe 1, water pressure can be measured. The sealing cap 13 provides a sealed protection for the inside of the fixed pipe 1. The fixed pipe 1 supports the pull rod 14, and the pull rod 14 fixes the pull piece 15. Pulling the pull piece 15 causes the pull rod 14 to slide synchronously inside the fixed pipe 1. The pull rod 14 fixes the connecting piece 16, and the connecting piece 16 fixes the insertion rod 18, thus causing the insertion rod 18 to slide synchronously. The second spring 17 is located between the fixed pipe 1 and the connecting piece 16. When the connecting piece 16 is squeezed due to sliding, the second spring 17 has a rebound effect, causing it to spring back. The push rod 18 is used to clamp the locking rod 19. The push rod 18 serves to fix and limit the locking rod 19. When the push rod 18 is inserted into the locking rod 19, it can limit and fix the position of the locking rod 19 inside the fixed tube 1. Conversely, it can release the limiting effect on the locking rod 19. The locking rod 19 fixes the pressure plate 21 and can drive the pressure plate 21 to slide synchronously inside the fixed tube 1. The pressure plate 21 fixes the locking post 22 and can drive the locking post 22 to slide synchronously. When the locking post 22 is locked inside the sealing cover 13, the sealing cover 13 can seal the inside of the fixed tube 1 to prevent water leakage. The third spring 23 is set between the pressure plate 21 and the fixed tube 1. The rebound action of the third spring 23 can push the locking rod 19 to slide in the opposite direction.

[0021] Working principle: When the measuring device is needed, the protective seat 3 is removed from the bottom of the fixed tube 1 and pulled down. As the protective seat 3 slides down, it will drive the ball bearing 4 to slide down. During the slide, the ball bearing 4 will be squeezed by the insert block 2 and slide inside the protective seat 3. The sliding of the ball bearing 4 will push the push plate 5 and the sliding column 6 to slide simultaneously, and squeeze the first spring 7 during the sliding process. When the insert block 2 is released from the restriction of the protective seat 3, the fixed tube 1 and the protective seat 3 can be separated. Conversely, when not in use, the installation of the protective seat 3 can protect the filter cloth 9, filter screen 10 and permeable stone layer 11. The design of easy disassembly allows for quick removal during use and provides additional protection for the internal structure of the fixed tube 1 when not in use, avoiding damage and contamination. At this time, the water to be tested will enter the interior of the fixed tube 1 through the filter cloth 9, filter screen 10 and permeable stone layer 11. The water pressure can be detected by the pore water pressure sensor 12. The sealing cap 13 provides a sealed protection for the interior of the fixed tube 1. When the sealing cap 13 needs to be used, first pull the pull tab 15. The pull tab 15 will drive the pull rod 14 and the connecting piece 16 to slide, and during the sliding process, it will compress the second spring 17. The sliding of the connecting piece 16 can slide the insertion rod 18 out of the inside of the locking rod 19. At this time, the locking rod 19 no longer compresses the third spring 23 through the pressure plate 21. The rebound action of the third spring 23 can push the locking post 22 to slide in the opposite direction, so that the locking post 22 is completely retracted into the interior of the fixed tube 1. Align the sealing cap 13 with the fixed tube 1, push the fixing piece 20 to drive the locking rod 19 to slide. The locking rod 19 will drive the locking post 22 to slide into the sealing cap 13 through the pressure plate 21. Inside, by releasing the pull tab 15, the rebound action of the second spring 17 can push the insert rod 18 in the opposite direction and lock it inside the clamp rod 19, thus limiting and fixing the position of the clamp rod 19. Then, the clamp post 22 fixes the sealing cover 13, forming a sealed protection for the inside of the fixed tube 1. This achieves the effect of preventing liquid leakage through effective sealing design, ensuring the accuracy of measurement results. This device not only achieves the effect of easy disassembly design, allowing for quick removal and use during use, but also provides additional protection for the internal structure of the fixed tube 1 when not in use, avoiding damage and contamination. It also achieves the effect of preventing liquid leakage through effective sealing design, ensuring the accuracy of measurement results.

[0022] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A device for measuring the pore water pressure gradient in soil and rock, comprising a fixed tube (1), characterized in that: The lower surface of the fixed tube (1) is fixedly connected to a plug (2), and a protective seat (3) is provided on the lower surface of the fixed tube (1). The outer wall of the plug (2) is slidably connected to the inside of the protective seat (3). The outer wall of the plug (2) is slidably connected to a ball (4). The outer wall of the ball (4) is slidably connected to the inside of the protective seat (3). The outer wall of the ball (4) is fixedly connected to a push plate (5). The outer wall of the push plate (5) is slidably connected to the inside of the protective seat (3). The outer wall of the push plate (5) is fixedly connected to a sliding column (6). A limiting groove (8) is opened inside the protective seat (3). The outer wall of the sliding column (6) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the limiting groove (8). The outer wall of the sliding column (6) is slidably connected to a first spring (7). One end of the first spring (7) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the push plate (5), and the other end of the first spring (7) is fixedly connected to the inside of the protective seat (3). A conductive component is provided inside the fixed tube (1).

2. The device for measuring the pore water pressure gradient in rock and soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conductive component includes a filter cloth (9), the outer wall of which is disposed on the inner wall of the fixed pipe (1), a filter screen (10) is disposed on the upper surface of the filter cloth (9), the outer wall of which is disposed on the inner wall of the fixed pipe (1), and a permeable stone layer (11) is disposed on the upper surface of the filter screen (10), the outer wall of which is disposed on the inner wall of the fixed pipe (1).

3. The device for measuring the pore water pressure gradient in rock and soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pore water pressure sensor (12) is installed inside the fixed tube (1). A sealing cover (13) is slidably connected inside the fixed tube (1). A pull rod (14) is slidably connected inside the fixed tube (1). A pull tab (15) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the pull rod (14).

4. The soil and rock pore water pressure gradient measuring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer wall of the pull rod (14) is fixedly connected to a connecting piece (16), the outer wall of the connecting piece (16) is slidably connected to the inside of the fixed tube (1), the outer wall of the connecting piece (16) is slidably connected to a second spring (17), one end of the second spring (17) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting piece (16), and the other end of the second spring (17) is fixedly connected to the inside of the fixed tube (1).

5. The soil and rock pore water pressure gradient measuring device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer wall of the connecting piece (16) is fixedly connected to the insert rod (18), the outer wall of the insert rod (18) is slidably connected to the inside of the fixed tube (1), and the outer wall of the insert rod (18) is slidably connected to the locking rod (19).

6. The device for measuring the pore water pressure gradient in rock and soil according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer wall of the clamping rod (19) is slidably connected to the inside of the fixed tube (1), and a fixing plate (20) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the clamping rod (19). A pressure plate (21) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the clamping rod (19).

7. The device for measuring the pore water pressure gradient in rock and soil according to claim 6, characterized in that: The outer wall of the pressure plate (21) is slidably connected to the inside of the fixed tube (1), and the outer wall of the pressure plate (21) is fixedly connected to a locking post (22). The outer wall of the locking post (22) is slidably connected to the inside of the fixed tube (1), and the outer wall of the locking post (22) is slidably connected to the inside of the sealing cap (13).

8. The soil and rock pore water pressure gradient measuring device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The outer wall of the locking post (22) is slidably connected to a third spring (23). One end of the third spring (23) is fixedly connected to the inside of the fixing tube (1), and the other end of the third spring (23) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the pressure plate (21).

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