Magnetic detection device

Abstract

This application relates to the field of magnetic variable measurement technology, and discloses a magnetic detection device, comprising: a magneto-optical effect detection component, including a light source and a detector, wherein the detection light emitted by the light source is polarized light at least at a preset position incident on the object being measured, and the detector detects the magneto-optical effect at the preset position based on the received detection light; a magnetic field generating device, including a magnetic field generating coil and a pulse power supply device for providing current to the magnetic field generating coil, wherein the magnetic field generating coil is configured to form a magnetic field environment at least at the preset position; and a signal acquisition device, disposed outside the preset position, for at least acquiring the signal from the magnetic field generating coil. In addition to achieving the detection of high-speed changes and large magnetic field strengths, acquiring the signal from the magnetic field generating coil through a signal acquisition device outside the preset position provides sufficient space for magnetic detection equipment with high-speed changes and large magnetic field strengths.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of magnetic variable measurement technology, for example, to a magnetic detection device. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the magneto-optical effect refers to the change in polarization state of polarized light due to the influence of the magnetization state of the medium it passes through. Therefore, the magnetism of a test object can be obtained by detecting the polarized light passing through it. Based on this, magneto-optical Kerr detection equipment measures the polarization state of the reflected light from the test object to measure the magnetism of its surface; magneto-optical Faraday detection equipment measures the polarization state of the transmitted light from the test object to measure the magnetism of its surface.

[0003] In some cases, it is necessary to place the object under test in a magnetic field environment so that its magnetism changes under the influence of the magnetic field. Magneto-optical detection equipment, such as magneto-optical Kerr detection equipment or magneto-optical Faraday detection equipment, is used to detect these changes in magnetism, thereby analyzing the magnetic properties of the object. In existing technologies, an electromagnet is typically used to generate the magnetic field, and the object is placed in a controlled magnetic field environment by bringing the electromagnet's poles close to it. However, because the pole material in the electromagnet easily generates induced currents during operation, partially offsetting the excitation effect, the speed at which the electromagnet generates the magnetic field is usually slow, which cannot meet the testing requirements in rapidly changing magnetic field environments. In some cases, the speed of magnetic field change can be increased by removing the poles or the magnetic core; however, this method significantly reduces the magnetic field strength of the generated environment, which cannot meet the testing requirements in large magnetic field environments.

[0004] Therefore, existing magnetic field generation schemes cannot simultaneously satisfy the requirements of rapidly changing and high magnetic field strength.

[0005] The information disclosed in the background section is only intended to enhance the understanding of the background of this application, and therefore may contain information that does not constitute prior art known to those skilled in the art. Utility Model Content

[0006] To provide a basic understanding of some aspects of the disclosed embodiments, a brief summary is given below. This summary is not intended as a general commentary, nor is it intended to identify key / important components or describe the scope of protection of these embodiments, but rather as a prelude to the detailed description that follows.

[0007] This disclosure provides a magnetic detection device, which is a device capable of detecting the magnetic properties of an object under test in a magnetic field environment with high magnetic field intensity and rapid changes.

[0008] In some embodiments, the magnetic detection device includes: a magneto-optical effect detection component, including a light source and a detector, wherein the detection light emitted by the light source is polarized light at least at a preset position incident on the test object, and the detector detects the magneto-optical effect at the preset position based on the received detection light; a magnetic field generating device, including a magnetic field generating coil and a pulse power supply device for providing current to the magnetic field generating coil, wherein the magnetic field generating coil is configured to form a magnetic field environment at least at the preset position; and a signal acquisition device, disposed outside the preset position, for at least acquiring signals from the magnetic field generating coil.

[0009] Optionally, the signal acquisition device includes: at least one detection coil for detecting the current of the magnetic field generating coil; and / or, at least one magnetic field sensor for detecting the magnetic field of the magnetic field generating coil.

[0010] Optionally, the signal collector is at least partially disposed within the inner ring of the magnetic field generating coil; and / or, the signal collector is at least partially disposed in the gap area between the stage positioning base and the magnetic field generating coil; and / or, the signal collector is at least partially disposed between the inner wall of the magnetic field generating coil and the side wall of the stage; and / or, the signal collector is at least partially disposed outside the optical path of the detection light; and / or, the signal collector located on the optical path of the detection light is provided with a channel for the detection light to pass through.

[0011] Optionally, the signal collectors are at least partially symmetrically distributed about the geometric center of the stage; and / or, at least partially symmetrically distributed about a preset position; and / or, at least partially symmetrically distributed about the geometric center of the magnetic field generating coil; and / or, at least partially installed in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the magnetic field generating coil; and / or, at least partially symmetrically distributed radially about the preset position or the geometric center of the magnetic field generating coil.

[0012] Optionally, when the magnetic field generating coil generates a pulsed magnetic field, the signal strength of the signal from the magnetic field generating coil acquired by the signal collector is greater than a preset threshold, so that the magnetic field information of the preset position can be calculated from the signal of the magnetic field generating coil.

[0013] Optionally, the signal acquisition device is configured to continuously acquire signals from the magnetic field generating coil; or, the signal acquisition device is configured to acquire signals from the magnetic field generating coil in response to a trigger signal, or signals from the magnetic field generating coil and the detector; wherein the trigger signal is synchronously generated by a discharge command from a pulse power supply device.

[0014] Optionally, the acquisition time window of the signal acquisition device covers the complete rising and falling edges of the pulsed magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generating coil.

[0015] Optionally, the pulse power supply device includes: a capacitor pulse power supply device; and / or an inductive pulse power supply device; and / or a mechanical energy pulse power supply device.

[0016] Optionally, the signal acquisition device is at least partially connected to the magnetic field generating device via a preset communication method; wherein the preset method includes wired connection, wireless connection, satellite communication, broadcast and television transmission, fiber optic communication, radio frequency identification, power line communication, virtual private network and / or point-to-point connection.

[0017] Optionally, the signal acquisition unit includes a temperature compensation module, which is used at least to correct the signal of the magnetic field generating coil acquired by the signal acquisition unit based on temperature data.

[0018] Optionally, the magneto-optical effect detection component includes: a first magneto-optical effect detection component for detecting a preset position on a first side of the object under test; and a second magneto-optical effect detection component for detecting a preset position on a second side of the object under test.

[0019] Optionally, the winding direction of the detection coil is the same as the winding direction of the magnetic field generating coil.

[0020] The magnetic detection device provided in this disclosure can achieve the following technical effects: By combining a pulse power supply device with a magnetic field generating coil, the speed of change of the generated magnetic field is increased using the magnetic field generating coil. The pulse power supply device provides a large instantaneous current to the magnetic field generating coil, further increasing the speed of magnetic field change and achieving a high-speed changing magnetic field. This significantly increases the instantaneous intensity of the magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generating coil, enabling magnetic detection of high-speed changing and high-intensity magnetic fields. Furthermore, by acquiring signals from the magnetic field generating coil using a signal acquisition device located outside the preset position (e.g., a remote signal acquisition device), the magnetic field information at the preset position can be calculated using attenuated magnetic field information or other parameters related to the magnetic field information at the preset position. This provides ample room for improvement in the vicinity of the preset position for high-speed changing and high-intensity magnetic detection equipment, enhancing the flexibility of spatial configuration.

[0021] The above general description and the description below are exemplary and illustrative only and are not intended to limit this application. Attached Figure Description

[0022] One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. These illustrations and drawings do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments. Elements having the same reference numerals in the drawings are shown as similar elements. The drawings are not to be scaled. And wherein: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a magnetic detection device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of another magnetic detection device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of another magnetic detection device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0023] Figure label: 10: Magneto-optical effect detection component; 111: First magneto-optical effect detection component; 112: Second magneto-optical effect detection component; 12: Magnetic field generating coil; 13: Stage; 14: Inner ring; 15: First signal acquisition device; 16: Second signal acquisition device; 17: Third signal acquisition device; 18: Object under test; 19: Pulse power supply device. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To provide a more detailed understanding of the features and technical content of the embodiments of this disclosure, the implementation of the embodiments of this disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the embodiments of this disclosure. In the following technical description, for ease of explanation, several details are used to provide a full understanding of the disclosed embodiments. However, one or more embodiments may still be implemented without these details. In other cases, well-known structures and devices may be simplified in their depiction to simplify the drawings.

[0025] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this disclosure are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate for the embodiments of this disclosure described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0026] In this disclosure, the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "middle," "outer," "front," and "rear," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are primarily for better description of the embodiments of this disclosure and their implementations, and are not intended to limit the indicated devices, elements, or components to having a specific orientation, or to require them to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Furthermore, some of the aforementioned terms may be used to indicate other meanings besides orientation or positional relationship; for example, the term "upper" may in some cases indicate a dependency or connection relationship. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in the embodiments of this disclosure according to the specific circumstances.

[0027] Furthermore, the terms "set up," "connect," and "fix" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be an internal connection between two devices, components, or parts. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this disclosure according to the specific circumstances.

[0028] Unless otherwise stated, the term "multiple" means two or more.

[0029] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the character " / " indicates that the objects before and after it are in an "or" relationship. For example, A / B means: A or B.

[0030] The term "and / or" describes an association between objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B means: A or B, or A and B.

[0031] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present disclosure can be combined with each other.

[0032] Combination Figure 1-3 As shown, this disclosure provides a magnetic detection device, including a magneto-optical effect detection component 10 and a signal acquisition unit. The magneto-optical effect detection component 10 includes a light source and a detector. The detection light emitted by the light source is polarized at least at a preset position incident on the object under test 18. The detector detects the magneto-optical effect at the preset position based on the received detection light. The magnetic field generating device includes a magnetic field generating coil 12 and a pulse power supply device 19 that provides current to the magnetic field generating coil 12. The magnetic field generating coil 12 is configured to form a magnetic field environment at least at the preset position. The signal acquisition unit is located outside the preset position and is used at least to acquire signals from the magnetic field generating coil 12.

[0033] In the embodiments of this disclosure, polarizers or polarizers can be inserted into the path of the light emitted from the light source, or polarized light can be obtained by reflection or refraction. Alternatively, birefringent crystals or lenses can be inserted into the path of the light emitted from the light source, or dichroic mirrors can be inserted into the path of the light emitted from the light source, etc., to obtain polarized light. Those skilled in the art can choose the specific method for obtaining polarized light according to actual needs, and will not be elaborated further here.

[0034] In this embodiment, the detection light is polarized light, which mainly means that the detection light can be considered as linearly polarized light to obtain better magneto-optical effect detection results. For the detection light, it is necessary to make it polarized light when it is incident on the target object 18. The location within the optical path where the polarization requirement is met is not limited here; for example, polarized light can be formed within the light source or during its propagation. More specifically, the corresponding lens or optical device that gives the detection light polarized light characteristics only needs to be placed in the optical path before the detection light is incident on the target object 18 at the preset position.

[0035] In this embodiment, a detector is configured to receive at least the detection light reflected and / or transmitted from the object under test 18. The detector detects the magneto-optical effect at a preset position based on the received detection light. The magneto-optical effect includes the Kerr effect and the Faraday effect. The detector can output corresponding data or signals according to the needs and actual configuration differences. The detector is at least capable of detecting the polarization state or polarization direction of the detection light. As a common form, the detector may include an analyzer and a photodetector. The analyzer converts the polarization direction of the detection light into light intensity information, and then the photodetector analyzes the light intensity information to analyze the magneto-optical effect at the preset position. Alternatively, a combination of a Wollaston prism and two photodetectors can be used. The Wollaston prism splits the detection light reflected and / or transmitted from the object under test 18 into two orthogonally polarized beams, which enter the two photodetectors respectively. The magneto-optical effect at the preset position is analyzed by jointly analyzing the signals from the two photodetectors.

[0036] In this embodiment, the light source includes a light-emitting device and a polarizer. The light emitted by the light-emitting device has a corresponding polarization state after passing through the polarizer, and can be used as detection light incident on a preset position of the object under test 18. For the light-emitting device, a laser light source, a light-emitting diode light source, or other devices capable of generating light can be selected. The detector may include an analyzer and a photodetector. The detection light reflected and / or projected by the object under test 18 enters the photodetector after passing through the analyzer. Based on the signal from the photodetector, especially the light intensity signal, the corresponding magneto-optical effect is analyzed.

[0037] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the detector may include a Wollaston prism, a first photodetector, and a second photodetector. The detection light reflected and / or projected by the object under test 18 passes through the Wollaston prism and then enters the first photodetector and the second photodetector, respectively. Calculations are performed between the first photodetector and the second photodetector, for example, the signals of the first photodetector and the second photodetector are subtracted to analyze the corresponding magneto-optical effect.

[0038] In this embodiment, to further improve the rate of change of the magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generating coil 12, the pulse power supply device 19 can be either a single pulse or a multi-pulse device; the specific output waveform is not limited here. The pulse power supply device 19 can be selected as needed, for example, it can be a capacitor pulse power supply device 19, an inductive pulse power supply device 19, or a mechanical energy pulse power supply device 19. As a preferred implementation, a capacitor pulse power supply device 19 can be used.

[0039] In this embodiment, the magneto-optical effect detection component 10 can be any optical component capable of measuring the magnetism of the object 18 under test, such as an optical component for measuring the Faraday effect or an optical component for measuring the magneto-optical Kerr effect.

[0040] In this embodiment, the detection light can be incident at a preset position along a direction perpendicular to the object under test 18 to detect at least the poloidal magneto-optical effect at the preset position. In this case, a beam splitter can typically be provided in the optical path. The detection light emitted from the light source is incident at the preset position via the beam splitter, and the detection light reflected and / or projected by the object under test 18 is incident on a detector via the beam splitter. As a feasible approach, the detector can at least detect the magnetism in the perpendicular direction of the object under test 18.

[0041] In this embodiment, the detection light can also be incident at a predetermined position at an angle. Specifically, the detection light can pass through the inner ring 14 of the magnetic field generating coil 12, and the direction of the detection light can form an angle with the vertical direction of the surface of the object under test 18. As a feasible approach, the in-plane and vertical magnetic properties of the object under test 18 can be detected by adjusting the angle at which the detection light is incident on the object under test 18. Generally, a smaller incident angle can be used to mainly analyze the vertical magnetic properties at the predetermined position of the object under test 18, while a larger incident angle can be used to mainly analyze the vertical and in-plane magnetic properties at the predetermined position of the object under test 18.

[0042] In this embodiment, the magnetic field generating device includes a magnetic field generating coil 12 and a pulse power supply device 19 that provides current to the magnetic field generating coil 12. The magnetic field generating coil 12 is configured to form a magnetic field environment at least at a preset position. The pulse power supply device 19 provides current to the magnetic field generating coil 12 to generate the magnetic field environment. Through the aforementioned configuration, the magnetic field generated by the poleless or magnetic core magnetic field generating coil 12 avoids the influence of hysteresis and remanence of the pole or magnetic core on the rate of magnetic field change, greatly increasing the rate of magnetic field change and ensuring that the preset position of the test object 18 is located within the magnetic field environment of the magnetic field generating coil 12, thus meeting the testing requirements under high-speed changing magnetic field conditions. The pulse power supply device 19 provides current to the magnetic field generating coil 12, providing at least a large instantaneous current to further enhance the magnetic field strength generated by the magnetic field generating coil 12. Using this solution, a high-speed changing large magnetic field can be obtained, meeting the detection requirements of high-speed, high-magnetic-field conditions.

[0043] In this embodiment, for the measured position (i.e., the preset position) of the object 18, the relative position between the preset position and the magnetic field generating coil 12 can be set to determine the magnetic field at the preset position of the object 18 and ensure that the magnetic field at the preset position meets the detection requirements. Specifically, the preset position is set within the inner ring 14 of the magnetic field generating coil 12. The magnetic field generating coil 12 can be annular, containing a hollow inner ring 14. Since the preset position is located within the inner ring 14, any corresponding preset position can be selected within the inner ring 14 as the detection position. As a preferred implementation, the preset position can be located near the intersection of the axis of the magnetic field generating coil 12 and the surface of the object 18, making the magnetic field at the preset position easier to control and calculate. Furthermore, since the preset position is located within the inner ring 14 of the magnetic field generating coil 12, the magnetic field uniformity within the inner ring 14 is relatively good, ensuring that the magnetic field environment at the preset position meets the detection requirements and facilitating adjustment of the magnetic field at the preset position, greatly simplifying the control of the magnetic field and the use of the detection equipment. In addition, the inner ring 14 of the magnetic field generating coil 12 can be used for the optical path of the detection light, which can simplify the optical path structure of the device and reduce the cost of the device.

[0044] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the cross-section of the magnetic field generating coil 12 is circular, square, or any other arbitrary shape.

[0045] In this embodiment of the present disclosure, the axis of the magnetic field generating coil 12 is perpendicular to the surface of the object under test 18, so as to form a magnetic field that is substantially perpendicular to the surface of the object under test 18 in at least a portion of the surface of the object under test 18. In this case, a relatively uniform magnetic field can be formed on the surface of the object under test 18.

[0046] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the signal collector can be set at any location other than a preset location. For example... Figure 1As shown, the object under test 18 is located within the inner ring 14 of the magnetic field generating coil 12, and the first signal acquisition device 15 is positioned outside the inner ring 14 to detect the signal from the magnetic field generating device. Figure 2 As shown, the first signal acquisition device 15 is installed inside the inner ring 14 to detect the signal of the magnetic field generating device.

[0047] The magnetic detection device provided in this embodiment combines a pulse power supply device 19 with a magnetic field generating coil 12. The magnetic field generating coil 12 increases the rate of change of the generated magnetic field, and the pulse power supply device 19 provides a large instantaneous current to the magnetic field generating coil 12, further increasing the rate of change and achieving a high-speed changing magnetic field. This significantly increases the instantaneous intensity of the magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generating coil 12, enabling high-speed, high-magnetic-field-strength magnetic detection. Furthermore, by acquiring the signal from the magnetic field generating coil 12 using a signal acquisition device located outside the preset position (e.g., a remotely positioned signal acquisition device), the magnetic field information at the preset position can be calculated using attenuated magnetic field information or other parameters associated with the magnetic field information at the preset position. This provides ample room for improvement in the vicinity of the preset position for high-speed, high-magnetic-field-strength magnetic detection devices, enhancing the flexibility of spatial configuration.

[0048] Optionally, the signal acquisition device includes: at least one detection coil for detecting the current of the magnetic field generating coil 12; and / or, at least one magnetic field sensor for detecting the magnetic field of the magnetic field generating coil 12.

[0049] In this embodiment of the disclosure, one, two, or more detection coils and magnetic field sensors may be provided.

[0050] In this way, the magnetic field generating coil 12 is supplied with pulsed current by the pulse power supply device 19 to generate a rapidly changing magnetic field with a large magnetic field strength. However, the signal acquisition device is located outside the preset position and cannot directly measure the magnetic field information at the preset position. By detecting the current through the detection coil, the magnetic field strength can be indirectly derived based on the correlation between current and magnetic field (Ampere's law). Although the measured value is attenuated due to the position when directly detecting the magnetic field through the magnetic field sensor, the magnetic field at the preset position can be calculated through relevant parameters. This avoids the spatial limitations caused by installing sensors near the preset position and ensures reliable acquisition of magnetic field information in a high-speed pulsed magnetic field environment, thereby supporting the optimized design of the magnetic detection device.

[0051] Optionally, the signal collector is at least partially disposed within the inner ring 14 of the magnetic field generating coil 12; and / or, the signal collector is at least partially disposed in the gap area between the positioning base surface of the stage 13 and the magnetic field generating coil 12; and / or, the signal collector is at least partially disposed between the inner wall of the magnetic field generating coil 12 and the side wall of the stage 13; and / or, the signal collector is at least partially disposed outside the optical path of the detection light; and / or, the signal collector located on the optical path of the detection light is provided with a channel for the detection light to pass through.

[0052] In this embodiment, the stage 13 is configured to support the object 18 to be measured. Specifically, the stage 13 can provide an area on which the object 18 to be measured is placed, or it can further provide a fixing effect on the object 18. Regarding the specific form of the stage 13, in addition to having a platform form for supporting the object 18, it can also be a fixing structure for gripping or fixing the object 18, a displacement structure, etc., which can be selected according to needs. In some cases, it is also necessary to enable the object 18 to move to adjust its position as needed. Accordingly, in some cases, the stage 13 can move the object 18; more specifically, the stage 13 can at least move the object 18 in a plane parallel to and / or perpendicular to the surface of the object 18.

[0053] In this embodiment, the base surface of the stage 13, also known as the positioning base surface of the stage 13, refers to the reference surface on the stage 13 used to place and position the object under test 18. In the magnetic detection device, the core function of the stage 13 is to support the object under test 18, while the positioning base surface, as the surface that the object under test 18 directly contacts or relies on, ensures that the object under test 18 can be accurately placed at the target position, thereby ensuring that the detection light emitted by the magneto-optical effect detection component 10 can accurately illuminate the preset position of the object under test 18, and also ensuring that the preset magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generator can effectively act on that position.

[0054] In the embodiments disclosed herein, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the second signal collector 16 and the third signal collector 17 are both located inside the inner ring 14 of the magnetic field generating coil 12, and / or between the inner wall of the magnetic field generating coil 12 and the side wall of the stage 13, and / or outside the optical path of the detection light.

[0055] In this way, the magnetic detection device needs to simultaneously perform optical detection and magnetic field measurement in a high-speed pulsed magnetic field environment, and the detection optical path must reach the preset position without obstruction. By placing the signal acquisition unit in non-core optical path areas such as the inner ring 14 of the coil, gaps, or side walls, physical obstruction of the polarized light transmission path is avoided. For acquisition units that must be located on the optical path, a dedicated channel is provided to ensure the penetration of the detection light. The above method fully utilizes the measurement advantages of the near-field region of the magnetic field (improving the accuracy of magnetic field information) while avoiding spatial interference with the optical detection components, thereby maintaining the integrity of magneto-optical synchronous detection and improving system integration and operational stability.

[0056] Optionally, the signal collectors are at least partially symmetrically distributed about the geometric center of the stage 13; and / or, at least partially symmetrically distributed about a preset position; and / or, at least partially symmetrically distributed about the geometric center of the magnetic field generating coil 12; and / or, at least partially installed in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the magnetic field generating coil 12; and / or, at least partially symmetrically distributed radially about the preset position or the geometric center of the magnetic field generating coil 12.

[0057] In this embodiment of the disclosure, there may be one or more signal acquisition devices. One or more signal acquisition devices may satisfy one or more of the conditions described above. For example... Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the second signal collector 16 and the third signal collector 17 are symmetrically distributed about the geometric center of the stage 13 and / or the magnetic field generating coil 12.

[0058] In practical applications, a set of detection coils can be installed in each of the four quadrants of the circular stage 13, with the center point of the four sets of detection coils coinciding with the geometric center of the stage 13. When the object under test 18 is fixed at the target position at the center of the stage 13, the four sets of detection coils synchronously acquire the current signal of the magnetic field generating coil 12. Since the winding direction of the detection coils is consistent with that of the magnetic field generating coil 12, and the four sets of coils are distributed in a cross-shaped symmetrical manner, the measurement data can be weighted and averaged to eliminate single-point position deviations, thus ensuring spatial consistency of the final inverted magnetic field strength at the preset position. This layout simultaneously satisfies the dual symmetry requirements regarding the center of the stage 13 and the preset position. Alternatively, several magnetic field sensors can be installed, which can be equidistantly arranged along the circumference of the inner ring 14 of the magnetic field generating coil 12. The mounting base of each sensor is fixed with an adjustable bracket to ensure that its sensitive axis always points to the geometric center of the coil. The magnetic field sensor body is vertically mounted with the coil axis as the reference, and the sensitive axis is radially distributed with a set number of divisions. When a pulsed magnetic field is generated, several magnetic field sensors simultaneously capture the radial magnetic field component. Combined with data corrected in real time by the temperature compensation module, a spatial distribution model of the magnetic field with the geometric center of the coil as the reference can be constructed. This configuration simultaneously achieves the characteristics of radial symmetry of the sensing axis and perpendicularity of the mounting direction to the axis.

[0059] In this way, the pulsed magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generating coil 12 exhibits symmetrical and directional characteristics in spatial distribution, with the preset position typically located in the symmetrical center region. By symmetrically distributing the signal acquisition unit about the key geometric center, magnetic field data at spatially symmetrical points can be captured synchronously, using symmetry to offset some measurement errors caused by positional deviations. The installation direction perpendicular to the coil axis ensures that the sensor's sensitive axis matches the magnetic field direction, optimizing signal acquisition efficiency. A radial distribution of the sensitive axis effectively covers the radial component variation of the magnetic field. This layout strategy strengthens the spatial correlation between the measurement data and the magnetic field at the preset position through geometric constraints, providing a more reliable physical basis for subsequent signal processing to invert the magnetic field information at the preset position, thereby enhancing the overall system's measurement stability and accuracy. Optionally, when the magnetic field generating coil 12 generates a pulsed magnetic field, the signal strength of the signal from the magnetic field generating coil 12 collected by the signal collector is greater than a preset threshold, so that the magnetic field information of the preset position can be calculated from the signal of the magnetic field generating coil 12.

[0060] In this embodiment, a set of detection coils can be installed in the inner ring 14 region of the magnetic field generating coil 12, with the number of turns of the detection coils maintaining a set ratio with that of the magnetic field generating coil 12. When the pulse power supply device 19 releases a pulse current, the detection coil generates an induced voltage due to electromagnetic induction. By controlling the ratio of the number of turns of the detection coil to that of the magnetic field generating coil 12 to be higher than a preset threshold, it is ensured that the electrical signal output by the detection coil during the peak of the pulse magnetic field always exceeds a preset threshold. After processing by the signal processor, this electrical signal can be used to infer the magnetic field strength at a preset position. In other embodiments, several magnetic field sensors can be arranged at equal intervals along the axis of the magnetic field generating coil 12, with the sensitive axis of each magnetic field sensor perpendicular to the coil axis. When the pulse magnetic field reaches its peak, several magnetic field sensors synchronously collect spatial magnetic field distribution data. By setting a distance gradient between the magnetic field sensors and the center of the magnetic field generating coil 12, the output signal strength of the closest magnetic field sensor under the action of the pulse magnetic field exceeds a set multiple of the preset threshold, while the signal strength of the farthest magnetic field sensor remains higher than the preset threshold. After weighted fusion of several sets of spatial gradient data, the signal processor can calculate the actual magnetic field information at the preset position. In this way, a pulse power supply device 19 drives a magnetic field generating coil 12 to generate a high-speed, strong pulsed magnetic field. The signal acquisition device is set outside the preset position and indirectly acquires the associated signal through a detection coil or magnetic field sensor. When the acquired signal strength is lower than the threshold, the accurate magnetic field value at the preset position may not be effectively retrieved due to signal attenuation or noise interference. By constraining the minimum signal strength, it is ensured that the acquired current or magnetic field data has sufficient signal-to-noise ratio and magnitude, so that the subsequent calculation of the magnetic field at the preset position through Ampere's law conversion or spatial distribution model inversion has reliable input conditions, thereby maintaining the data reliability of magnetic detection under high-speed pulsed magnetic field environment.

[0061] Optionally, the signal acquisition device is configured to continuously acquire the signal of the magnetic field generating coil 12; or, the signal acquisition device is configured to acquire the signal of the magnetic field generating coil 12 in response to a trigger signal, or the signals of the magnetic field generating coil 12 and the detector; wherein the trigger signal is synchronously generated by the discharge command of the pulse power supply device 19.

[0062] In this way, the magnetic field generating coil 12 is driven by the pulse power supply device 19 to generate a transient strong pulsed magnetic field, while magneto-optical effect detection requires simultaneous acquisition of magnetic field information and polarization state changes. Continuous acquisition mode can completely record the dynamic process of the magnetic field, avoiding the omission of transient signals. Triggered acquisition mode generates a trigger signal synchronously through capacitor discharge command, enabling the signal acquisition device to accurately capture the start time of the pulsed magnetic field, ensuring strict time synchronization between the magnetic field data and the magneto-optical effect data acquired by the detector. This satisfies the data integrity requirements in high-speed pulse scenarios, avoids redundant data generated by continuous acquisition, and provides a time alignment basis for correlating magnetic field strength and magneto-optical effect changes, enhancing the temporal correlation accuracy of magnetic detection.

[0063] Optionally, the acquisition time window of the signal acquisition device covers the complete rising and falling edges of the pulsed magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generating coil 12.

[0064] In this embodiment, the signal acquisition unit is configured to directly respond to the synchronous trigger signal generated by the discharge command of the pulse power supply device 19, and immediately start data acquisition upon detecting the trigger signal. The acquisition process continues until the pulse magnetic field completely disappears. By dynamically adjusting the end time point through real-time monitoring of magnetic field changes, the entire time window is ensured to cover the entire process of the magnetic field from initial establishment to peak value and then to complete decay, including the rapid enhancement of the rising edge and the slow decay of the falling edge, thereby enabling complete capture of the dynamic waveform of the pulse magnetic field. In other embodiments, the signal acquisition unit can preset a sufficiently long fixed acquisition time window. The window length can be set based on the typical historical variation characteristics of the pulse magnetic field. When the magnetic field generating device starts working, the signal acquisition unit automatically starts and runs until the preset time ends. By combining the inductive characteristics of the magnetic field generating coil 12 and the discharge law of the pulse power supply device 19, the time window is optimized to always cover the decay endpoint of the slowest falling edge to avoid omissions, thereby ensuring that both the rapid change of the rising edge and the complete decay of the falling edge are reliably recorded.

[0065] In this way, the magnetic field generating coil 12, driven by the pulse power supply device 19, generates a high-speed, strong pulsed magnetic field. The magnetic field strength changes drastically on the microsecond scale during the rising and falling edges, while the magneto-optical effect detection at the preset position needs to be synchronously correlated with the magnetic field dynamics. If the acquisition window does not completely cover the rising / falling edges, key data from the stage of maximum magnetic field change rate will be lost, making it impossible to accurately establish the correspondence between magnetic field strength and polarization state changes. By covering the complete transient process, the signal acquisition device can record the full-cycle waveform of the pulsed magnetic field from its establishment to its disappearance, providing a complete time-domain basis for calculating the magnetic field information at the preset position and analyzing the magneto-optical effect, thus supporting reliable research on the magnetic variation law under high-speed pulse scenarios.

[0066] Optionally, the signal acquisition device is at least partially connected to the magnetic field generating device via a preset communication method; wherein the preset method includes wired connection, wireless connection, satellite communication, broadcast and television transmission, fiber optic communication, radio frequency identification, power line communication, virtual private network and / or point-to-point connection.

[0067] Thus, the process of generating a strong pulsed current by the magnetic field generator driven by the pulse power supply device 19 is accompanied by strong electromagnetic interference and transient current surges. The signal acquisition unit needs to acquire the current or magnetic field signals of the magnetic field generator in real time to calculate the magnetic field information at the preset location. By providing multiple communication connection options, wired / fiber optic connections with stronger anti-interference capabilities can be flexibly selected to avoid the influence of electromagnetic noise, or wireless / satellite communication can be used to meet remote monitoring needs, ensuring that key signals of the magnetic field generator (such as current waveforms and temperature data) can be stably transmitted to the signal acquisition unit under high-speed pulse conditions, thereby maintaining the data integrity and system compatibility of the magnetic detection device in complex electromagnetic environments.

[0068] Optionally, the signal acquisition unit includes a temperature compensation module, which is used at least to correct the signal of the magnetic field generating coil 12 acquired by the signal acquisition unit based on temperature data.

[0069] In this embodiment, a negative temperature coefficient thermistor can be tightly attached to the surface of the winding skeleton of the detection coil. The thermistor can be connected to the temperature acquisition port of the signal processor via a wire. When the pulse power supply device 19 releases a large current, causing the coil temperature to rise, the thermistor outputs a resistance change signal in real time. The signal processor converts the resistance value into temperature data according to the pre-stored thermistor coefficient curve and simultaneously adjusts the amplitude of the current sensing signal output by the detection coil proportionally, thereby eliminating the influence of temperature drift on the calculation of magnetic field information. In other embodiments, thin-film temperature sensors can also be installed on the outer wall of the copper tube of the magnetic field generating coil 12, the bottom of the positioning base of the stage 13, and the housing of the signal acquisition unit, etc., in key temperature rise areas. The thin-film temperature sensors are connected to the temperature compensation module via shielded cables. When the pulse magnetic field is working, the temperature compensation module constructs a three-dimensional temperature field distribution model and dynamically corrects the output signal of the magnetic field sensor or detection coil according to the local temperature gradient at the location of each signal acquisition unit, so that the inversion result of the magnetic field information at the preset position is not disturbed by non-uniform temperature rise.

[0070] In this way, the magnetic field generating coil 12 is driven by the pulse power supply device 19 to generate a strong pulse current. Under the action of the transient large current, the coil resistance generates significant Joule heating, causing the temperature of the coil and the surrounding environment to change rapidly. The induced voltage of the detection coil or the sensitivity of the magnetic field sensor are both affected by temperature drift. By acquiring temperature data in real time and correcting the collected signal through the temperature compensation module, the measurement deviation of the magnetic field / current signal caused by temperature rise can be offset, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the inversion calculation of the magnetic field information at the preset position and enhancing the data reliability of the magnetic detection device under high-speed and high-current conditions.

[0071] Optionally, the magneto-optical effect detection component 10 includes a first magneto-optical effect detection component 111 and a second magneto-optical effect detection component 112. The first magneto-optical effect detection component 111 is used to detect a preset position on a first side of the object under test 18. The second magneto-optical effect detection component 112 is used to detect a preset position on a second side of the object under test 18.

[0072] In this embodiment, both sides of the object under test 18 require magnetic detection. Accordingly, a light source and a detector can be used as magneto-optical effect detection components 10, and at least one magneto-optical effect detection component 10 can be provided on each of the two sides of the object under test 18 where detection is required, to achieve double-sided detection of the object under test 18. Specifically, a first light source and a first detector, serving as a first magneto-optical effect detection component 111, can be located on the left side of the object under test 18; a second light source and a second detector, serving as a second magneto-optical effect detection component 112, can be located on the right side of the object under test 18. The two magneto-optical effect detection components 10 can detect the magnetism on both sides of the object under test 18 respectively. When detecting the magnetism on both sides of the object under test 18, in some cases, a single magnetic field generating coil 12 is sufficient to ensure that the magnetic field environment at the preset positions on both sides of the object under test 18 meets the detection requirements; in other cases, a single magnetic field generating coil 12 is insufficient to ensure that the magnetic field environment at the preset positions on both sides of the object under test meets the detection requirements. At least one magnetic field generating coil 12 can be provided on each side of the object under test 18 as needed. Of course, as needed, a required number of magnetic field generating coils 12 can be set on both sides of the object under test 18. Specifically, the first magnetic field generating coil is set on the left side of the object under test 18, and the second magnetic field generating coil is set on the right side of the object under test 18. The first and second magnetic field generating coils can be set continuously in the axial direction, or they can be set at a predetermined distance. The object under test 18 can be inserted into the inner ring 14 of the first and / or second magnetic field generating coils under the drive of the conveying structure.

[0073] In this embodiment, to further ensure that the magnetic field environment at the preset positions on both sides of the object under test 18 is the same, two magnetic field generating coils 12 can be symmetrically arranged on both sides of the object under test 18. In some cases, the performance or structure of the first magnetic field generating coil and the second magnetic field generating coil are the same; alternatively, the performance or structure of the first magnetic field generating coil and the second magnetic field generating coil can be different. The positional relationship between the first magnetic field generating coil and the second magnetic field generating coil and the object under test 18 is configured according to the detection requirements to configure the magnetic field environment of the object under test 18.

[0074] In this embodiment of the present disclosure, when a first magnetic field generating coil and a second magnetic field generating coil are provided, in some cases, it is necessary for the first magnetic field generating coil and the second magnetic field generating coil to generate magnetic fields approximately simultaneously. Accordingly, the first magnetic field generating coil and the second magnetic field generating coil provided on both sides of the object under test 18 can be connected to the same pulse power supply device 19, or the first magnetic field generating coil and the second magnetic field generating coil provided on both sides of the object under test 18 can be connected to different first pulse power supply devices 19 and second pulse power supply devices 19 respectively, and the first pulse power supply devices 19 and the second pulse power supply devices 19 can be controlled synchronously so that the currents of the first magnetic field generating coil and the second magnetic field generating coil are approximately synchronized.

[0075] In the embodiments disclosed herein, such as Figure 3 As shown, the first magneto-optical effect detection component 111 and the second magneto-optical effect detection component 112 can be disposed on opposite sides of the object under test 18 to detect both sides of the object under test 18.

[0076] Thus, the pulsed magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generating coil 12 may induce non-uniform magnetization responses in different regions of the test object 18, and single-point detection is insufficient to comprehensively characterize the magnetic variation. By simultaneously setting magneto-optical effect detection components 10 on opposite sides of the test object 18, the first magneto-optical effect detection component 111 and the second magneto-optical effect detection component 112 can respectively capture the polarized light reflection signals from the first and second sides of the test object 18, thereby simultaneously acquiring bilateral magneto-optical effect data. This allows the device to compare and analyze the differences in magnetization responses in different regions of the test object 18 under a pulsed magnetic field, providing more comprehensive experimental data support for studying the magnetic anisotropy or spatial magnetic domain changes of materials, and enhancing the analytical capabilities of the magnetic detection device in high-speed pulse scenarios.

[0077] Optionally, the winding direction of the detection coil is consistent with the winding direction of the magnetic field generating coil 12.

[0078] Thus, the detection coil needs to capture high-speed, strong pulse current changes through the principle of electromagnetic induction. When the winding directions of the two coils are aligned, according to Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, the induced voltage signal output by the detection coil is strictly positively correlated with the rate of change of current in the magnetic field generating coil 12, avoiding signal polarity reversal or phase deviation caused by opposite winding directions. Using this winding method ensures that the detection signal at the rising / falling edges of the pulse current accurately reflects the current direction and trend, providing an accurate input data basis for subsequent inversion of the preset position's magnetic field information using Ampere's law.

[0079] Optionally, the signal acquisition unit further includes a signal processor, which is at least used to receive and process measurement signals from the magnetic field sensor and / or the detection coil to calculate magnetic field information at a preset location.

[0080] Thus, the high-speed pulsed magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generator needs to indirectly acquire related signals through a signal acquisition unit. However, neither the current signal of the detection coil nor the spatial magnetic field data of the magnetic field sensor can directly correspond to the magnetic field value at the preset position. The signal processor receives and fuses the measurement signals from multiple detection coils and / or magnetic field sensors, and based on the spatial correlation model between the preset position and the sensors, transforms the dispersed indirect measurement values ​​into the precise magnetic field strength at the preset position. This overcomes the errors caused by spatial attenuation or positional deviation in single-point measurements, while avoiding the need to add sensors near the preset position, maintaining the high-speed magnetic field response capability and spatial compactness of the magnetic detection device.

[0081] Optionally, the signal processor is used to perform a weighted average calculation on the measurement signals of multiple magnetic field sensors and / or detection coils, with the weights determined according to the preset distance relationship between each magnetic field sensor and / or detection coil and a preset position.

[0082] Thus, the pulsed magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generating coil 12 exhibits non-uniformity in spatial distribution. Since the signal acquisition unit is located at different points outside the preset position, the reliability of the measurement signals representing the magnetic field at the preset position may vary due to differences in the geometric distance between the sensors or detection coils and the preset position. By assigning weights based on preset distance relationships (e.g., assigning higher weights to near-end sensors), the signal processor can enhance the contribution of signals with strong positional correlation and suppress deviations caused by spatial attenuation or environmental interference in far-end signals. This weighting strategy based on physical distance makes the final calculated magnetic field information at the preset position closer to the actual spatial distribution characteristics, enhancing the reliability of indirect measurement results in high-speed pulse scenarios.

[0083] Optionally, the signal processor is used to establish a spatial distribution model of the magnetic field at a preset position based on the position coefficients calibrated by each magnetic field sensor and / or detection coil, and to map the measured values ​​of multiple magnetic field sensors and / or detection coils to the magnetic field strength value at the preset position through an inversion algorithm.

[0084] In this way, the pulsed magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generating coil 12 is spatially non-uniformly distributed, while the signal acquisition unit is set at multiple scattered points outside the preset position. The measurement values ​​of each sensor or detection coil only reflect local magnetic field information. By calibrating the position coefficients of each acquisition point (such as the geometric relationship with the preset position, the directional angle, etc.), the signal processor can construct a spatial distribution model of the magnetic field and use an inversion algorithm to map the scattered local measurement values ​​to the actual magnetic field strength at the preset position. Mathematical inversion based on the physical model effectively overcomes the systematic errors caused by spatial attenuation or positional deviation in single-point measurements, making the indirectly measured magnetic field information more consistent with the real spatial distribution law.

[0085] The foregoing description and accompanying drawings fully illustrate embodiments of the present disclosure to enable those skilled in the art to practice them. Other embodiments may include structural and other changes. The embodiments represent only possible variations. Individual components and functions are optional unless explicitly required, and the order of operation may vary. Parts and features of some embodiments may be included or substituted for parts and features of other embodiments. Embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to the structures described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes may be made without departing from its scope. The scope of the present disclosure is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A magnetic detection device, characterized in that, include: A magneto-optical effect detection component includes a light source and a detector. The detection light emitted by the light source is polarized at least at a preset position incident on the test object. The detector detects the magneto-optical effect at the preset position based on the received detection light. The detector is at least capable of detecting the polarization state or polarization direction of the detection light. A magnetic field generating device includes a magnetic field generating coil and a pulse power supply device for supplying current to the magnetic field generating coil. The magnetic field generating coil is configured to generate a magnetic field environment at least at a preset position. A signal acquisition device is set outside a preset location and is used at least to acquire signals from the magnetic field generating coil.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The signal acquisition device includes: At least one detection coil for detecting the current in the magnetic field generating coil; and / or, At least one magnetic field sensor for detecting the magnetic field of a magnetic field generating coil.

3. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The signal acquisition unit is at least partially located within the inner loop of the magnetic field generating coil; and / or, The signal acquisition unit is at least partially disposed in the gap region between the positioning base of the stage and the magnetic field generating coil; and / or, The signal acquisition unit is at least partially disposed between the inner wall of the magnetic field generating coil and the side wall of the stage; and / or, The signal acquisition device is at least partially located outside the optical path of the detection light; and / or, The signal acquisition unit located on the optical path of the detection light is equipped with a channel for the detection light to pass through.

4. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The signal acquisition units are at least partially symmetrically distributed about the geometric center of the stage; and / or, The signal acquisition units are at least partially symmetrically distributed about preset locations; and / or, The signal acquisition units are at least partially symmetrically distributed about the geometric center of the magnetic field generating coils; and / or, The signal acquisition unit is at least partially mounted perpendicular to the axis of the magnetic field generating coil; and / or, The sensitive axes of at least part of the signal acquisition device are radially symmetrically distributed about the preset position or the geometric center of the magnetic field generating coil.

5. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the magnetic field generating coil generates a pulsed magnetic field, the signal strength of the signal from the magnetic field generating coil collected by the signal acquisition device is greater than a preset threshold, so that the magnetic field information of the preset position can be calculated from the signal of the magnetic field generating coil.

6. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The signal acquisition device is configured to continuously acquire signals from the magnetic field generating coil; or, The signal acquisition unit is configured to acquire signals from a magnetic field generating coil, or signals from both the magnetic field generating coil and the detector, in response to a trigger signal; wherein the trigger signal is synchronously generated by a discharge command from a pulse power supply device.

7. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The acquisition time window of the signal acquisition device covers the complete rising and falling edges of the pulsed magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generating coil.

8. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, A pulse power supply device, comprising: Capacitor pulse power supply device; and / or, Inductive pulse power supply device; and / or, Mechanical energy pulse power supply device.

9. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The signal acquisition device includes: The temperature compensation module is used at least to correct the signal of the magnetic field generating coil acquired by the signal acquisition device based on the temperature data.

10. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The magneto-optical effect detection component includes: The first magneto-optical effect detection component is used to detect a preset position on the first side of the object under test; The second magneto-optical effect detection component is used to detect a preset position on the second side of the object being tested.

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