Split type angle adjustable implant abutment

Abstract

The utility model relates to dental implantation and prosthetic technology field discloses a kind of angle-adjustable implant abutment of split type, including pedestal, upper prosthetic head and locking assembly, the pedestal and upper prosthetic head are formed adjustable angle's ball-and-socket joint by a convex joint surface and a concave joint surface, the convex joint surface and the concave joint surface are all equipped with the micro tooth lock structure of mutually matched, radially distributed.The utility model when working in detail, when through locking assembly and draw near upper prosthetic head with pedestal, the micro tooth lock structure on two joint surfaces mutually depth engagement, to fix the relative angle of two in the way of mechanical structure locking, thoroughly eliminate the loosening and rotation caused by friction force attenuation, greatly improve the long-term stability and anti-rotation ability of implantation prosthetic body connection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of dental restorative instrument technology, and more specifically, to a split abutment for connecting a dental implant and a superstructure crown restoration, which can be adjusted in multiple dimensions and provides high-stability locking. Background Technology

[0002] Dental implant restoration, an advanced technique in modern dentistry for restoring missing teeth, involves implanting an artificial implant into the patient's jawbone to replace the tooth root, and then connecting it to the superstructure crown via an abutment, thereby restoring the chewing function and aesthetic appearance of the affected tooth. The abutment plays a crucial role in this restorative process, and the stability and reliability of its connection directly determine the long-term success rate of the entire implant restoration. In clinical practice, due to limitations in the patient's anatomical structure or the choice of surgical approach, the implant angle is often not the ideal restorative direction. In such cases, an angled abutment is needed to compensate for the angular deviation, ensuring that the final crown is in the optimal functional and aesthetic position.

[0003] Currently, most clinically used angle abutments employ a ball-and-socket joint design. This structure typically includes a base with a spherical convex surface and a matching upper prosthetic head with a spherical concave surface. After adjusting the desired prosthetic angle, the surgeon tightens a central locking screw that runs through both the prosthetic head and the base. The strong axial preload generated by the screw ensures a tight fit between the two smooth articular surfaces. The underlying logic of this design is to rely on the significant axial pressure to generate sufficient static friction between the smooth ball-and-socket joint contact surfaces, thereby maintaining and fixing the adjusted angle.

[0004] However, this purely friction-based locking method reveals its inherent limitations in the complex dynamic environment of the oral cavity. For example, Chinese utility model patent CN204765991U discloses an adjustable-angle metal base casting platform. Although its structure is simple and easy to adjust, its smooth contact surface still has the risk of fretting under long-term cyclic biting forces, especially under lateral forces, which can easily lead to the gradual loss of preload and thus cause slight changes in angle. The patient's chewing process is a dynamic cyclic loading process involving multiple complex stresses such as vertical, lateral, and torsional forces. Under such harsh conditions, the simple friction-based locking mechanism will gradually weaken due to material creep, fretting wear, and stress relaxation of the screw.

[0005] Over time, minute slippage or rotation may occur between the articular surfaces, which is difficult to detect clinically. Accumulated micromovements can lead to abutment angle loosening, locking screw loosening, and even rotation of the entire superstructure. This instability not only reduces chewing efficiency and affects the user experience, but in more serious cases, it can cause porcelain chipping of the superstructure crown, food impaction, peri-implantitis, and even failure of the entire implant restoration, causing additional pain and financial burden to the patient. Therefore, developing an angled abutment that can fundamentally eliminate dependence on friction and achieve a more stable and durable locking mechanism is a key technical challenge that urgently needs to be solved in this field. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a split-type angle-adjustable implantation base, which aims to solve the technical problem that the existing angle base mainly relies on friction for locking, which makes it prone to angle loosening and rotation under long-term complex chewing forces, resulting in insufficient long-term stability.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a split-type angle-adjustable implantation abutment, comprising a base having a convex articulated surface; an upper prosthetic head having a concave articulated surface that mates with the convex articulated surface, the upper prosthetic head and the base forming a ball-and-socket joint with freely adjustable angles through the articulated surface; and a locking assembly for forcefully pulling the upper prosthetic head and the base closer together along the central axis of the ball-and-socket joint and finally fixing them in place.

[0008] A split-type angle-adjustable implant abutment includes a base having a convex articular surface; an upper prosthesis head having a concave articular surface that mates with the convex articular surface, the upper prosthesis head and the base forming a ball-and-socket joint with an adjustable angle via the articular surface; and a locking assembly for forcefully pulling the upper prosthesis head and the base closer together along the central axis of the ball-and-socket joint and finally fixing them in place.

[0009] Both the convex articulated surfaces of the base and the concave articulated surfaces of the upper repair head are machined with precisely matched, radially distributed micro-tooth locking structures. When the upper repair head is pulled closer to the base using the locking assembly, the micro-tooth locking structures on one articulated surface deeply engage with those on the other, thus securing the final angle of the upper repair head relative to the base using a robust mechanical locking mechanism, rather than the traditional frictional method.

[0010] Preferably, the micro-tooth lock structure includes densely and radially extending, alternating micro-tooth ridges and micro-tooth grooves extending from the center or near-center region of the articular surface to the edge region, wherein the micro-tooth ridges on the convex articular surface of the base and the micro-tooth grooves on the concave articular surface of the upper repair head are perfectly matched in size and shape.

[0011] More preferably, the cross-sectional shape of the micro tooth ridge and the cross-sectional shape of the micro tooth groove are one or a combination of triangle, trapezoid, rectangle or arc, to provide the maximum contact area and optimal stress distribution during meshing.

[0012] More preferably, the locking assembly is a high-strength medical-grade locking screw, which includes a screw head and a threaded shank. The screw head is provided with a tool interface for cooperating with a special torque tool. An elastic sealing ring is provided between the screw head and the upper repair head to seal the entrance of the central through hole after locking, preventing the infiltration of oral fluids and bacteria.

[0013] More preferably, the interface structure of the base is a standardized connection interface that matches a specific dental implant system, and the outer peripheral wall of the interface structure is provided with at least one anti-rotation surface to prevent the base from rotating undesirably on the dental implant.

[0014] More preferably, the upper prosthesis head has an upper connecting surface for connecting the upper crown restoration at one end away from the concave articular surface. The surface of the upper connecting surface is roughened to enhance the adhesion, and one or more anti-rotation protrusions are integrally formed thereon to ensure that the connection between the upper crown restoration and the upper prosthesis head is stable and rotation-free.

[0015] More preferably, the base and the upper repair head are made of one of the following materials: medical-grade titanium, titanium alloy, cobalt-chromium alloy, zirconium oxide ceramic, or polyether ether ketone (PEEK) material, through precision CNC machining or metal injection molding.

[0016] More preferably, the micro-tooth locking structure is formed in one step on the convex joint surface and the concave joint surface by precision CNC five-axis machining, electrical discharge machining, laser etching or micron-level metal injection molding process, so as to ensure a high degree of matching accuracy and meshing depth between the micro-tooth ridge and the micro-tooth groove.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following advantages:

[0018] This invention upgrades the traditional friction locking mode, which relies on macroscopic friction, to a structural locking mode based on microscopic mechanical interlocking by introducing a matching microscopic tooth locking structure on the mating surface of the ball-and-socket joint. When the locking component applies axial pressure, hundreds of radially distributed microscopic tooth ridges and tooth grooves on the joint surface engage precisely and tightly. The powerful mechanical interlocking force generated by this engagement provides excellent anti-rotation and anti-tilting capabilities, effectively resisting various complex torques such as vertical, lateral and torsional forces from long-term chewing processes.

[0019] This design fundamentally solves the long-standing clinical problems of prosthesis loosening and rotation caused by frictional attenuation, material creep, or fretting wear. It greatly improves the long-term stability and connection reliability of the angled abutment, thereby significantly extending the service life of implanted prostheses, reducing the incidence of complications, and improving patients' treatment outcomes and quality of life. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of one embodiment of the present utility model.

[0021] Figure 2 This utility model Figure 1 An exploded perspective view of the embodiment shown.

[0022] Figure 3 This utility model Figure 1 A longitudinal sectional view of the embodiment shown.

[0023] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified view of part A in the diagram.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a top view of the base in this utility model.

[0025] In the figure: 1. Base; 11. Convex joint surface; 12. Central screw hole; 13. Interface structure; 131. Anti-rotation surface; 2. Upper repair head; 21. Concave joint surface; 22. Central through hole; 23. Upper connecting surface; 24. Anti-rotation protrusion; 3. Locking assembly; 31. Screw head; 32. Tool interface; 4. Microscopic tooth lock structure; 41. Microscopic tooth ridge; 42. Microscopic tooth groove; 5. Sealing ring. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The following will be combined with the appendix Figures 1 to 5The preferred embodiments of this utility model will be described in further detail to enable those skilled in the art to more clearly understand the technical solution of this utility model. It should be noted that these embodiments are only used to illustrate this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] Reference Figures 1 to 5 This embodiment discloses a split-type angle-adjustable implantation platform, which mainly consists of a base 1, an upper repair head 2, and a locking component 3.

[0029] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the base 1, as the lower component of the entire abutment, has an interface structure 13 at its lower end for connection with the dental implant. This interface structure 13 is designed to be a standard interface compatible with mainstream implant systems, such as internal / external hexagonal, octagonal, or Morse taper interfaces. To ensure the abutment is stable and does not rotate on the implant, an anti-rotation surface 131 is also machined on the interface structure 13. The upper end of the base 1 has a precision convex articulated surface 11 integrally formed. This articulated surface is partially spherical, providing a basis for angle adjustment. At the geometric center of the base 1, a central screw hole 12 is provided along its axial direction. The thread of this screw hole is reinforced for a high-strength threaded connection with the locking assembly 3.

[0030] The upper prosthesis head 2, serving as the upper component of the abutment, has a concave articular surface 21 at its lower end that perfectly matches the radius of curvature of the convex articular surface 11 of the base 1. When the upper prosthesis head 2 is placed on the base 1, its concave articular surface 21 and convex articular surface 11 fit tightly together, forming a ball-and-socket joint that allows for multi-dimensional free tilting adjustment. At the top of the upper prosthesis head 2, there is an upper connecting surface 23 for bonding or fixing the final crown restoration. This upper connecting surface 23 may also have one or more anti-rotation protrusions 24, which can be platform or groove, to prevent the crown from rotating on the upper prosthesis head 2. The center of the upper prosthesis head 2 also has a through-hole 22, which is coaxial with the central screw hole 12 of the base 1, providing a channel for the locking assembly 3.

[0031] In this embodiment, the locking assembly 3 is a high-strength medical-grade titanium alloy locking screw. During use, this screw passes sequentially through the central through-hole 22 of the upper repair head 2 and is screwed into the central screw hole 12 of the base 1. The screw head 31 of the locking screw is provided with a tool interface 32, such as an internal hexagon or Torx socket, to facilitate the application of precise clinical pre-tightening torque by the physician using a dedicated torque wrench. By tightening this locking screw, a strong axial tensile force is generated, tightly pulling and pressing the upper repair head 2 and the base 1 together along the central axis.

[0032] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, on the entire contact surface of the convex articulated surface 11 of the base 1 and the concave articulated surface 21 of the upper repair head 2, mutually matching, radially distributed micro-tooth locking structures 4 are formed through precision machining. These micro-tooth locking structures 4 consist of hundreds of densely packed and alternately arranged micro-tooth ridges 41 and micro-tooth grooves 42 extending radially from the center region of the articulated surface to the edge. In this embodiment, radial micro-tooth ridges 41 are machined on the convex articulated surface 11 of the base 1, while micro-tooth grooves 42 that fully mesh with them are machined on the concave articulated surface 21 of the upper repair head 2. The cross-sectional shape of these micro-tooth ridges 41 and micro-tooth grooves 42 is designed as triangles to achieve the sharpest locking effect.

[0033] The working process of this utility model is as follows:

[0034] During clinical procedures, the physician places the upper prosthetic head 2 on the base 1 and gently screws the locking assembly 3 into a loose, unlocked state. At this point, the micro-locking structures 4 on the two articular surfaces are not yet engaged, allowing the physician to easily tilt the upper prosthetic head 2 relative to the base 1 at any angle until the ideal repair path is achieved. Once the angle is adjusted, the physician uses a special tool through the tool interface 32 to apply a preset clinical torque to the locking assembly 3. As the screw is tightened, the resulting strong axial force compels the upper prosthetic head 2 to move forcefully towards the base 1. Under this pressure, the micro-tooth ridges 41 on the convex articular surface 11 are forcibly and completely embedded into the micro-tooth grooves 42 on the concave articular surface 21, forming an extremely stable mechanical interlock. Please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 4 As shown. Because these toothed locking structures 4 are radially distributed, their engagement completely eliminates relative rotation and tilting in any direction, thus firmly fixing the relative angle between them through structural locking.

[0035] Example 2

[0036] The structure of this embodiment is basically the same as that of Embodiment 1, except that the details of the micro-tooth lock structure 4 are designed and the materials used are different.

[0037] In this embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the micro-tooth ridge 41 and micro-tooth groove 42 constituting the micro-tooth lock structure 4 is designed as trapezoidal. Compared with the triangular cross-section of Embodiment 1, the trapezoidal cross-section has a wider contact platform and stronger shear resistance, which can maintain a stable occlusal state when subjected to greater lateral chewing forces, preventing microstructural deformation or damage caused by stress concentration. It is suitable for restoration scenarios such as the posterior tooth area that need to withstand huge occlusal forces.

[0038] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the base 1 and the upper prosthetic head 2 are made of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) material, which has excellent biocompatibility and a certain degree of elasticity, through a precision injection molding process. The elastic modulus of PEEK material is close to that of human bone, which can play a certain role in shock absorption and buffer excessive instantaneous biting force, thereby protecting the long-term stability of the implant-bone interface.

[0039] Example 3

[0040] This embodiment is a further optimization based on the structure of Embodiment 1, the main difference being the addition of a sealing structure.

[0041] Reference Figure 3 An annular elastic sealing ring 5 is added between the screw head 31 of the locking assembly 3 and the countersunk seat at the inlet of the central through hole 22 of the upper repair head 2. This sealing ring 5 is preferably made of medical-grade silicone rubber, which has good elasticity and bioinertness.

[0042] During installation, the locking assembly 3 passes through the sealing ring 5 and then screws into the base 1. When the locking assembly 3 is tightened with the final torque, the bottom surface of the screw head 31 presses against the sealing ring 5, causing it to elastically deform and completely fill the gap between the screw head 31 and the upper prosthetic head 2. This structure effectively seals the central screw channel, preventing saliva, food debris, and bacteria from seeping into the abutment along the screw channel. This avoids odor or peri-implant inflammation that may be caused by internal micro-gap contamination, further enhancing the biocompatibility and long-term cleanliness of the entire prosthesis.

[0043] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the scope of this utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A split-type angle-adjustable planting base, characterized in that, include: The base (1) has an interface structure (13) for connecting with a dental implant at one end and a convex articular surface (11) integrally formed at the other end. The upper repair head (2) has a concave joint surface (21) that matches the curvature of the convex joint surface (11) of the base (1). The upper repair head (2) and the base (1) together form a ball-and-socket joint that can be adjusted in multiple dimensions by the cooperation of the convex joint surface (11) and the concave joint surface (21). Locking assembly (3), the locking assembly (3) is provided through the central through hole (22) of the upper repair head (2) and is threadedly connected to the central screw hole (12) provided in the base (1), for pulling the upper repair head (2) and the base (1) closer along the central axis of the ball joint and applying a preload to fix them; Among them, the entire contact surface of the convex joint surface (11) and the concave joint surface (21) is machined with micro-tooth lock structures (4) that are precisely matched to each other and distributed radially. When the upper repair head (2) is pulled closer to the base (1) by applying a pre-tightening force through the locking assembly (3), the micro-tooth lock structure (4) on the convex joint surface (11) and the micro-tooth lock structure (4) on the concave joint surface (21) are deeply engaged, thereby firmly locking the upper repair head (2) relative to the base (1) at the adjusted angle in a mechanical interlocking manner.

2. The split-type angle-adjustable planting base according to claim 1, characterized in that, The micro-tooth lock structure (4) includes micro-tooth ridges (41) and micro-tooth grooves (42) that are densely and radially extended from the center or near-center region of the articular surface to the edge region and are alternately arranged. The micro-tooth ridges (41) on the convex articular surface (11) of the base (1) and the micro-tooth grooves (42) on the concave articular surface (21) of the upper repair head (2) are perfectly matched in size and shape.

3. The split-type angle-adjustable planting base according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cross-sectional shape of the micro tooth ridge (41) and the cross-sectional shape of the micro tooth groove (42) are one or a combination of triangle, trapezoid, rectangle or arc to provide the maximum contact area and optimal stress distribution during meshing.

4. The split-type angle-adjustable planting base according to claim 1, characterized in that, The locking assembly (3) is a high-strength medical-grade locking screw. The locking screw includes a screw head (31) and a threaded shank. The screw head (31) is provided with a tool interface (32) for cooperating with a special torque tool. An elastic sealing ring (5) is provided between the screw head (31) and the upper repair head (2) to seal the entrance of the central through hole (22) after locking, so as to prevent the infiltration of oral liquid and bacteria.

5. A split-type angle-adjustable planting base according to claim 1, characterized in that, The interface structure (13) of the base (1) is a standardized connection interface that matches a specific dental implant system, and the outer peripheral wall of the interface structure (13) is provided with at least one anti-rotation surface (131) to prevent the base (1) from rotating undesirably on the dental implant.

6. A split-type angle-adjustable planting base according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper prosthesis head (2) has an upper connecting surface (23) for connecting the upper crown restoration at one end away from the concave articular surface (21). The surface of the upper connecting surface (23) is roughened to enhance the bonding force, and one or more anti-rotation protrusions (24) are integrally formed thereon to ensure that the connection between the upper crown restoration and the upper prosthesis head (2) is stable and without rotation.

7. A split-type angle-adjustable planting base according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base (1) and the upper repair head (2) are made of one of the following materials: medical-grade titanium, titanium alloy, cobalt-chromium alloy, zirconium oxide ceramic or polyetheretherketone material, by precision CNC machining or metal injection molding.

8. A split-type angle-adjustable planting base according to claim 2, characterized in that, The micro-tooth lock structure (4) is formed in one step on the convex joint surface (11) and the concave joint surface (21) by precision CNC five-axis machining, electrical discharge machining, laser etching or micron-level metal injection molding process, so as to ensure that there is a high matching accuracy and meshing depth between the micro-tooth ridge (41) and the micro-tooth groove (42).

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