Dental prostheses modified with foil, offering improved properties

Abstract

Dental prosthesis, characterized in that at least one layer of a foil is integrated into the dental prosthesis, wherein the dental prosthesis is a tooth (0) with at least one integrated foil and the tooth (0) comprises at least three areas, (i) inner tooth area (3), (ii) film layer (2) and (iii) at least one further tooth layer (1), and the foil layer comprises a tough-elastic and / or thermoplastic foil.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a dental prosthesis, in particular prefabricated teeth, wherein a layer of film is integrated into the dental prosthesis. The dental prosthesis is preferably constructed in layers, with the prosthesis comprising an inner tooth region, a film on the inner tooth region, and another tooth region on the outside of the film, such as a veneer or cutting shell. The invention also relates to the method for producing the dental prosthesis.

[0002] To date, prefabricated teeth have been offered in various materials. Typically, these prefabricated teeth are based on acrylate or methacrylate polymers, which can be manufactured with or without fillers.

[0003] These teeth exhibit good strength against everyday mechanical stresses. However, over the last 10 years, these prefabricated teeth have increasingly been used not only in hybrid or telescopic dentures as removable dentures and full dentures, but also in the fabrication of implant-supported dentures. The mechanical stresses in implant-supported dentures are higher. Furthermore, incorrect loading can occur more frequently. As a result, fractures occasionally occur, particularly in the anterior region. These fractures relieve the load on the other components of the denture, such as the implants themselves, and do not, in themselves, pose a significant problem. However, the breaking out or chipping of parts of the denture is problematic.

[0004] US 6,299,449 B1 discloses multilayer light-cured bridges. DE 740 759 A discloses a method for patterning artificial teeth by applying a translucent, patterned foil to the front wall of the mold. DE 10 2012 211 332 A1 discloses a method for producing a dental prosthesis, including the step of deep-drawing a foil on a framework to produce a veneer. DE 103 08 609 B3 relates to a method for characterizing teeth by applying characterization material in the form of foil strips to a ceramic mass and firing the teeth.

[0005] The objective was therefore to provide dental prostheses that could prevent chipping of parts of the prosthesis after a fracture, at least for a certain period of time. In particular, teeth, such as prefabricated teeth, were to be provided that did not exhibit chipping of parts of the tooth after a fracture. A method for manufacturing these dental prostheses was also to be provided.

[0006] The problem is solved with a dental prosthesis according to claim 1 and a method according to claim 7.

[0007] The invention relates to a dental prosthesis into which at least one layer of a tough-elastic and / or thermoplastic film is integrated. The invention also relates to a prosthesis, in particular a tooth, a veneer, bridge or crown, which has an integrated tough-elastic and / or thermoplastic film on the buccal or labial side. More preferably, the tooth alternatively or additionally has an integrated film on the occlusal and / or approximal side. Likewise preferred are dental prostheses, in particular in the form of teeth, which have the film layer integrated, wherein the film layer is preferably arranged: a) buccally, b) buccally and mesially, and / or occlusally, c) occlusally, d) occlusally buccally, e) incisally, f) incisally and buccally, g) buccal, occlusally and approximally, h) incisally and approximally. The film is preferably provided with a further tooth layer, such as an outer tooth layer.The outer layer of the tooth can be a veneer analogous to a dentin layer.

[0008] A prosthesis according to the invention is understood to be a prosthetic restoration, which can be a prosthetic dental molded article. The prosthetic restoration can be part of a fixed denture or part of a removable denture, such as a hybrid denture.

[0009] By using a tough elastic and / or thermoplastic film integrated between the layers of the dental prosthesis, such as a tooth, the detachment of parts of the prosthesis can be prevented after a fracture has occurred.

[0010] In addition, artificial teeth and prefabricated veneers exhibit a certain degree of residual transparency due to their limited thickness. This transparency can cause problems when covering backgrounds, such as metallic frameworks. By using the film according to the invention, these problems can be avoided by integrating colored, opaque, milky, or cloudy films into the dental prostheses. Further variation of the desired color is possible by positioning the film within the prosthesis. The film can be placed directly beneath the veneer, such as an outer layer of the tooth, or integrated into the veneer itself or between two other tooth layers.

[0011] The invention thus relates to a dental prosthesis comprising an integrated viscoelastic and / or thermoplastic film, wherein the film is integrated beneath and / or on top of another dental layer. According to an alternative, the film is thus integrated beneath and / or within the veneer. According to the invention, a film is only in contact with the inner surfaces of the prosthesis.

[0012] An integrated foil is understood to be a foil embedded in the prosthesis. In particular, the foil is at least partially applied between two tooth layers or between a tooth region and a tooth layer. Preferably, the foil is at least partially applied between the inner tooth region and the further tooth layer. In this case, the further tooth layer may be the outer tooth layer or the incisal shell. In this alternative, the foil is applied to the tooth core (inner tooth region) under a veneer.

[0013] The foil can also be placed between a second, additional tooth layer and an outer tooth layer. In this case, the foil is positioned within the veneer.

[0014] According to a further alternative, a dental prosthesis may comprise one, two, or more foils, in particular between the inner tooth region and another tooth layer, and between a second tooth layer and an outer tooth layer, such as in a veneer. Likewise, the dental prosthesis may additionally comprise a non-integrated foil as part of the outer surface of the prosthesis.

[0015] The invention also relates to a dental prosthesis which is at least one part of a dental prosthesis, in particular a single tooth, preferably a prefabricated tooth, or a bridge, in particular a multi-unit bridge. A multi-unit bridge can comprise one, two, three or four teeth. The prosthesis can also comprise a crown; preferably the inner tooth region is in the form of a cap, on which the film can be arranged. A veneer can be applied to the tough-elastic and / or thermoplastic film as an additional tooth layer. If the prosthesis is in the form of a veneer, the film can be present between the inner tooth region in the form of a shell and another tooth layer as an outer cutting shell.

[0016] The invention further relates to a prosthesis that is constructed in layers and at least part of an inner layer comprises a tough, elastic and / or thermoplastic film. The dental prosthesis is preferably constructed in layers as follows: (i) the inner tooth region comprises PMMA and / or PEMA, (ii) the tough, elastic and / or thermoplastic film, such as PVC film, which can be transparent or opaque and optionally colored, and (iii) the at least one further tooth layer comprises PMMA, PEMA, a veneering composite, in particular a light-curing veneering composite, or a veneering ceramic.

[0017] The invention also relates to a prosthesis selected from a tooth with an integrated viscoelastic and / or thermoplastic film, wherein the tooth comprises at least three regions: (i) an inner tooth region, in particular comprising several tooth layers, (ii) a film layer, and (iii) at least one further tooth layer. The invention also relates to a bridge comprising at least two teeth, wherein the teeth each have an inner tooth region which is at least partially provided with a film layer, and the film layer is at least partially covered by a further tooth layer, such as a veneer.

[0018] According to one embodiment of the dental prosthesis of the invention, the (i) inner tooth region can correspond to the dentin region, and the (iii) at least one further tooth layer can correspond to the enamel region. In this embodiment, the foil layer is preferably located between the dentin region and the enamel region.

[0019] The (i) inner tooth region can preferably have a plurality of tooth layers. In the prefabricated tooth, the inner tooth region corresponds to the tooth core, which corresponds analogously to the tooth enamel. The tooth core preferably has a lumen at the base for securing the prosthesis in the patient's mouth. The (iii) at least one further tooth layer can have one tooth layer (1 tooth layer) to a plurality of tooth layers (n tooth layers), such as one further tooth layer, a second further tooth layer, etc., wherein one of the further tooth layers corresponds to the outer tooth layer. The veneer can comprise an outer tooth layer or a further tooth layer, a foil and an outer, further tooth layer. The veneer can correspond to the dentin layer in the natural tooth.

[0020] Furthermore, the prosthesis can comprise (i) an inner tooth region, in particular monolithic or layered, comprising at least one polymer of an acrylate, such as alkyl acrylate, in particular PMMA, preferably copolymers of acrylates and / or (ii) the at least one film layer comprising a tough-elastic and / or thermoplastic film, wherein the film can be based on the following materials: PVC, acrylate-based film, PE, PP, LDPE, HDPE, LDPP; HDPP, PUR, polycarbonate and / or (iii) the at least one further tooth layer comprises a polymer of an acrylate, such as alkyl acrylate, in particular PMMA, copolymers of acrylates, veneer composite, dental veneering ceramic, such as zirconium dioxide.

[0021] The film layer may preferably have a layer thickness of 50 to 1000 µm (micrometers), preferably 50 to 250 µm, more preferably 50 to 170 µm.

[0022] The inner tooth area preferably comprises acrylates or methacrylates, optionally with organic and / or inorganic fillers. Common fillers include silicon dioxide, zirconium dioxide, and dental glasses.

[0023] During the layered production of artificial teeth, a foil layer can be integrated into a tooth. Optionally, at least one additional foil layer can be inserted and integrated into the tooth. The layer can be applied anywhere within the tooth and, optionally, also to the surface.

[0024] The following criteria apply to suitable film materials. The viscoelastic and / or thermoplastic film should preferably be viscoelastic and bondable to PMMA, either through dissolving processes or through chemical bonding, such as chemical reactions, or possibly through surface treatments such as plasma coatings. Optionally, film layers can be colored, dyed like tooth colors, and / or made opaque. In the test, a modified PVC film with a thickness of 140 µm and a melting range between 120 and 170°C was used. However, other film materials that bond homogeneously with the surrounding tooth material are also possible.

[0025] The modification of the prosthetic restoration neither affected the aesthetic properties nor reduced the strength of the tooth. The product meets the material requirements of EN ISO 22112.

[0026] The invention also relates to a dental prosthesis, wherein (ii) the film layer comprises a transparent, milky, or opaque, viscoelastic and / or thermoplastic film, which may optionally also be colored. Preferably, the film can be colored; in particular, the film has a yellow tint.

[0027] Furthermore, the dental prosthesis can comprise a viscoelastic and / or thermoplastic film that is plasma-treated or chemically modified on the surface. Preferably, the film can be chemically bonded covalently to the inner tooth region and / or to the further tooth region. Bonding can preferably be achieved by means of a surface-modified film that covalently bonds to the inner tooth region and / or the further tooth region by thermal activation.

[0028] The invention also relates to a method for producing a dental prosthesis, as well as a dental prosthesis obtainable by the method, comprising the steps 1) Provide a slide and 2) Integrating the film into the prosthesis, preferably the film is integrated into the prosthesis by a) (i) in a first step an inner tooth area is created, (ii) in a subsequent step, a film is applied and fixed at least partially to the inner tooth area or a film is arranged on the inner tooth area, and (iii) at least one further tooth layer is applied at least partially to the film and optionally to the areas of the inner tooth area not provided with a film, or b) (i) presenting at least one further tooth layer, (ii) arranging, in particular applying, a foil to the further tooth layer, (iii) arranging an inner tooth region on the foil, or c) (i) presenting, in particular arranging, a film, and (ii) surrounding the film with the inner tooth region and / or the at least one additional tooth layer. In process variant c), the film is preferably clamped into a negative of a prosthetic mold and subsequently surrounded with curable or polymerizable prosthetic material, wherein the film comprises a tough-elastic and / or thermoplastic film.

[0029] According to a further alternative, the method comprises the steps d) (i) in the first step at least a part of an inner tooth region is produced, (ii) in a subsequent step a film is applied and fixed at least partially to the inner tooth region or a film is arranged on the inner tooth region, and optionally (iii) at least one further part of the inner tooth region is applied at least partially to the film and optionally the areas of the inner tooth region not provided with a film.

[0030] Preferably, the method can comprise the following steps: (i) in the first step, an inner tooth region is produced; (ii) in a subsequent step, a film is applied and fixed at least partially to the inner tooth region or a film is arranged on the inner tooth region; and optionally (iii) at least one further tooth layer is applied, at least partially, to the film and the non-film-covered regions of the inner tooth region. The film can preferably be applied thermally.

[0031] The outermost additional tooth layer preferably corresponds to the veneer or alternatively the veneer corresponds to the following structure: another tooth layer, a foil layer, another tooth layer that corresponds to the outer tooth layer.

[0032] According to an alternative, a tooth according to the invention can be produced by clamping at least one film into a casting mold and subsequently introducing the polymerizable, dental polymer mixture into the casting mold under pressure.

[0033] For example, a dental cement, particularly one comprising PMMA, can be mixed and injected under pressure into a mold to produce the inner tooth area. The dental cement then hardens. Preferably, the foil can be clamped in the mold in such a way that the foil is integrated into the dental cement and, at the same time, the structure: inner tooth area, foil, and at least one additional tooth layer, is formed.

[0034] Alternatively, a foil can be applied to the inner tooth area. This can be done, for example, by applying a foil to at least part of an inner tooth area and optionally heating it.

[0035] Thus, in the process according to the invention, at least part (i) of the inner tooth region can be produced from a composition, in particular a polymerizable composition, comprising 50 to 90 wt.% of powdered polymers, such as PMMA, preferably 60 to 70 wt.% PMMA, in particular PMMA bead polymers, and 10 to 50 wt.% monomers, preferably 30 to 40 wt.% monomers, wherein the monomers in particular comprise (meth)acrylates, derivatives of (meth)acrylates and / or crosslinkers, such as di- and polyfunctional (meth)acrylates. A preferred multiple crosslinker is glycol dimethacrylate. The composition is preferably a polymerizable dental cement, preferably a radically polymerizable composition, more preferably a thermally polymerizable composition. The composition preferably comprises initiators for thermally induced radical polymerization.Preferred initiators include peroxides such as dibenzoyl peroxide (BPO), or N,N-azobisisobutyronitrile = 2,2'-azo-di(isobutyronitrile) (AIBN).

[0036] Alternatively, the inner tooth region, at least one tooth layer, or the veneer can be produced or is obtainable by polymerizing 0 to 50 wt.% organic or inorganic fillers, 50 to 90 wt.% PMMA, 10 to 50 wt.% monomers, in particular comprising (meth)acrylates, derivatives of (meth)acrylates, and / or crosslinkers, the total composition being 100 wt.%. The organic and inorganic fillers comprise powdered polymers, in particular with the exception of PMMA. The inorganic fillers can comprise dental glasses, glass ceramics, dental glasses, metal oxides, such as silicon dioxide, zirconium dioxide, ytterbium, barium, and strontium-containing organic fillers.

[0037] Preferably, the inner tooth layer and the further tooth layer can also each be produced independently from the aforementioned composition. For this purpose, the composition is preferably formed in a negative mold into the shape of at least part of an inner tooth region or a tooth layer and at least partially polymerized, optionally using a release layer, such as a release film. The release layer can then be removed and (ii) replaced by the film. In a further step (iii), further polymerizable composition is introduced into the negative mold to form and polymerize a further part of the inner tooth region or a tooth layer. The polymerization preferably takes place at 2 to 10 bar, more preferably at 3 to 5 bar, and 90 to 150°C, preferably at 90 to 120°C.

[0038] According to an alternative, (ii) the inner tooth layer comprises a polymer of an acrylate, such as alkyl acrylates, in particular PMMA, preferably copolymers of (alkyl) acrylates and / or monomers comprising (meth)acrylate, and / or (iii) the at least one further tooth layer comprises a polymer of an acrylate, such as (alkyl) acrylate, in particular PMMA, copolymers of alkyl acrylates and / or monomers comprising (meth)acrylates or dental veneering composite, in particular a light-curing veneering composite, dental veneering ceramic, zirconium dioxide.

[0039] The inner tooth region, the at least one tooth layer or further tooth layers, and / or the veneer preferably comprise the following polymers, copolymers optionally comprising crosslinkers, or are based on the polymerization products of the following monomers and preferably the following powdered polymers, such as (alkyl)acrylates such as PMMA, PEMA, and / or a copolymer based on (meth)acrylates and crosslinkers such as UDMA, Bis-GMA, EGDMA. Alternatively, inorganic fillers may also be included.

[0040] The inner tooth region or the tooth layers are preferably made from a polymerizable composition comprising 50 to 90 wt.% of powdered polymer, such as PMMA, and 10 to 50 wt.% of monomers, in particular comprising (meth)acrylates, derivatives of (meth)acrylates.

[0041] As monomer, preferably at least one monomer or a mixture of monomers comprising a) methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, propyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, n-hexyl methacrylate, 2-phenoxyethyl methacrylate, isobornyl methacrylate, isodecyl methacrylate, polypropylene glycol monomethacrylate, tetrahydrofuryl methacrylate, polypropylene glycol monomethacrylate, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, propyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, n-hexyl acrylate, 2-phenoxyethyl acrylate, isobornyl acrylate, isodecyl acrylate, polypropylene glycol monoacrylate, tetrahydrofuryl acrylate, polypropylene glycol monoacrylate, hydroxyethyl acrylate, hydroxypropyl acrylate, hydroxyethyl methacrylate, hydroxypropyl methacrylate, benzyl, furfuryl or phenyl (meth)acrylate a mixture containing at least one these (meth-)acrylates and / or copolymers comprising one or at least two of the aforementioned monomers, and / or b) two- and / or multiple crosslinkers comprising 1,4-butanediol dimethacrylate (1,4-BDMA) or pentaerythritol tetraacrylate, bis-GMA monomer (bisphenyl-A-glycidyl methacrylate), triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) and diethylene glycol dimethacrylate (DEGMA), tetraethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, decanediol di(meth)acrylate, dodecanediol di(meth)acrylate, hexyldecanediol di(meth)acrylate, trimethylolpropane tri(meth)acrylate, pentaerythritol tetra(meth)acrylate and butanediol di(meth)acrylate, ethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, polyethylene glycol di(meth)acrylates, ethoxylated / propoxylated bisphenol A di(meth)acrylates, a mixture comprising at least one of these (meth)acrylates and / or copolymers comprising one or at least two of the aforementioned monomers.

[0042] As polymers, in particular as powdered polymers, in particular as bead polymers, preferably polymer particles are considered comprising polymers in the form of polymer powder comprising polyalkyl (meth)acrylates, which are optionally crosslinked and are present as homo- or co-polymers, wherein the polymers are based on at least one of the monomers comprising a (meth)acrylate group, selected from methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, propyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, n-hexyl methacrylate, 2-phenoxyethyl methacrylate, isobornyl methacrylate, isodecyl methacrylate, polypropylene glycol mono-methacrylate, tetrahydrofuryl methacrylate, polypropylene glycol mono-methacrylate, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, propyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, n-hexyl acrylate, 2-phenoxyethyl acrylate, isobornyl acrylate, isodecyl acrylate, polypropylene glycol mono-acrylate, Tetrahydrofuryl acrylate, polypropylene glycol mono-acrylate, hydroxyethyl acrylate, hydroxypropyl acrylate, hydroxyethyl methacrylate, hydroxypropyl methacrylate,a mixture containing at least one of these (meth)acrylates and / or copolymers comprising one or at least two of the aforementioned monomers, polyamide particles, polyamide fibers, particularly preferably polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). Furthermore, the polymer particles can also comprise mixtures of dental monomers such as MMA and additionally at least one crosslinker.

[0043] Particularly preferred are powdered components B) comprising polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) beads as polymeric particles and / or splinter polymers and copolymers comprising, as polymerized comonomers, styrene, alpha-methylstyrene, vinyltoluene, substituted vinyltoluenes such as vinylbenzyl chlorides, vinyl halides such as vinyl chloride, vinyl esters such as vinyl acetate, heterocyclic vinyl compounds such as 2-vinylpyridine, vinyl acetate and vinyl propionate, butadiene, isobutylene, 2-chlorobutadiene, 2-methylbutadiene, vinylpyridine, cyclopentene, (meth)acrylic acid esters such as methyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate and hydroxyethyl methacrylate, furthermore acrylonitrile, maleic acid and maleic acid derivatives such as maleic anhydride, fumaric acid and fumaric acid derivatives such as fumaric acid esters, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, aryl (meth)acrylates such as benzyl methacrylate or phenyl methacrylate and optionally mixtures of these comonomers.

[0044] Furthermore, the invention preferably comprises an inner tooth region, the at least one tooth layer and the at least one further tooth layer, a prosthetic material obtainable from the reaction of preferably monomers and powdered polymers in the presence of at least one initiator or initiator system for autopolymerization, radiation curing, in particular UV curing, hot polymerization or dual curing.

[0045] According to a particularly preferred process alternative, a PVC film, in particular with a layer thickness of 50 to 170 µm, preferably around 140 µm, is applied to an inner tooth region and heated to its melting point. Preferably used films have a melting point between 120 °C and 170 °C. Generally, the melting point of the film material should be below the melting point of the material of the inner tooth region and / or the at least one other tooth layer if the film is applied separately using a thermal process. If the film is clamped into a mold and the dental cement yet to be polymerized is poured in, the melting point of the film should be above the polymerization point.

[0046] Alternatively, the film can be applied to a part of a prosthesis in a drawing-on process, in particular drawn or shrunk on, in order to subsequently apply at least one further tooth layer to the film.

[0047] According to the method according to the invention, the film is at least partially integrated into the dental prosthesis.

[0048] The materials of the foils, the inner tooth area and the at least one further tooth layer can be formed from the materials described above.

[0049] Furthermore, the invention relates to a method in which a dental prosthesis with an integrated film is produced, in particular a tooth comprising an inner tooth region which is at least partially provided with a film layer is produced, wherein the film layer is at least partially covered by at least one further tooth layer, in particular a veneer.

[0050] The invention also relates to the use of a film for producing prostheses with an integrated film. According to a further alternative, the invention relates to the use of films, in particular tough-elastic and / or thermoplastic or plastic films, for producing prefabricated teeth, crowns, veneers, or bridges with an integrated film. Furthermore, it is preferred if the films are opaque and / or colored. The films preferably have a yellow tint.

[0051] Tough-elastic films are films that can change their expansion under the application of force and at least partially return to their original shape when the applied force is removed. Tough-elastic films can preferably be made of PVC, polyacrylates, PE, PP, polystyrene, materials containing polybutadiene, etc. Tough-elastic films can preferably be made of elastomers. Elastomers include natural rubber, polymers containing polybutadiene, polymers containing polystyrene, and silicone rubber. Plastically deformable films are films that deform irreversibly after the application of force and exceeding a yield point.

[0052] The following examples illustrate the invention without limiting it to these embodiments. The invention is also explained in more detail with reference to the following figures. Fig. 1a: Partially finished tooth with integrated foil Fig. 1b: Finished tooth with integrated foil, no influence on the optical properties Fig. 1c, Fig. 1d: Cross-section of tooth with visible transparent film Fig. 1e: Fractured tooth front view Fig. 1f: Fractured tooth lateral view Fig. 1g: Fractured tooth - fragment hanging on the stump over foil material Fig. 1h: Fractured tooth - fragment hanging on the stump over foil material Fig. 2a: Partially finished tooth with integrated colored foil Fig. 2b: Finished tooth with integrated colored foil Fig. 3: Schematic view of a sectional image of a prefabricated tooth 0 comprising a cutting shell 1 in the form of a further tooth layer, a film layer 2 and an inner tooth region 3. Examples

[0053] As part of the layered production of artificial teeth, a film layer was inserted into a negative mold of a denture and integrated into the tooth. A modified PVC film with a thickness of 140 µm and a melting range between 120 and 170°C was used; however, other film materials that bond homogeneously with the surrounding tooth material are also possible.

[0054] In the first production step, a paste based on a PMMA and methacrylate mixture is introduced into the production mold. A simple example of a suitable paste is a mixture of 60-70% PMMA bead polymers and 30-40% methacrylate-based monomers and crosslinkers (e.g., methyl methacrylate and glycol dimethacrylate). This mixture is brought to a suitable viscoelastic consistency through swelling processes before use. After applying an additional release film and fitting the upper mold section, the first layer is pre-polymerized at 90°C - 120°C. Pre-polymerization takes place in a hydraulic heating press using radical initiation with peroxide. After removing the release film, the special film to be bonded is applied to the pre-polymerized layer, and the subsequent layer, also in paste form, is either applied or injected into the already closed mold via any existing injection channels.It's important to build up sufficient pressure in the mold and allow the pasty material some time to react with the film during the mold's heating phase. Approximately 3-5 minutes are sufficient for the material to reach the target polymerization temperature. Once the material in the mold has hardened, the mold can be opened. The film is firmly bonded between the two material layers.

[0055] Further layers can be added in the same way if necessary. After the final layer of the tooth is completed, the teeth are removed from the surrounding plastic. The remaining burrs on the tooth due to the mold parting lines are then removed either by automatic deburring or manual deburring with hand-held grinding machines. Automatic deburring is preferably performed by laser, but can also be performed using any conventional vibratory grinding or drum deburring process.

[0056] The visual analysis of the cross-sectional images in the Fig. 1c and Fig. Figure 1d clearly shows the course of the foil layer between the first tooth layer (incisal shell) and the second tooth layer (dentin). When the tooth is violently broken, the fragment remains flexibly connected to the remaining tooth, as shown in the Fig. 1g and Fig. 1h can be seen.

[0057] The fragment can only be separated by further pulling the parts apart and tearing the foil.

[0058] Modifying the teeth with the foils according to the invention neither affected the aesthetic properties nor reduced the strength of the tooth. The product meets the material requirements of EN ISO 22112.

[0059] Fig.Figure 3 shows a schematic representation of a prefabricated tooth according to the invention, which was manufactured using a method according to the invention. The foil layer 2 is integrated beneath the layer of the cutting shell 1, which corresponds to another tooth layer. The foil layer 2 is applied to the inner tooth region 3.

Claims

[1] Dental prosthesis, characterized by that at least one layer of a film is integrated in the dental prosthesis, wherein the dental prosthesis is a tooth (0) with at least one integrated film and the tooth (0) comprises at least three areas, (i) inner tooth area (3), (ii) film layer (2) and (iii) at least one further tooth layer (1), and the film layer comprises a tough elastic and / or thermoplastic film. [2] Prosthesis according to claim 1, characterized by that the prosthesis is at least one part of a dental prosthesis, in particular a single tooth, a veneer, a crown, a bridge, in particular a multi-unit bridge. [3] Prosthesis according to claim 1, characterized by , that (i) the inner tooth region (3) comprises at least one polymer of an (allyl)acrylate, such as PMMA, PEMA, and / or copolymers based on (meth)acrylates and crosslinkers comprising UDMA, Bis-GMA, EGDMA, and / or (ii) the at least one further tooth layer (1) comprises at least one polymer of an (alkyl)acrylate, copolymer, veneering composite and / or dental veneering ceramic, such as zirconium dioxide. [4] Prosthesis according to claim 1, characterized by , that _ (ii) the film layer (2) comprises a film comprising PVC, acrylate, PE, PP, LDPE, HDPE, LDPP, HDPP, PUR, polycarbonate and / or a mixture comprising one of these polymers. [5] Prosthesis according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by that the film is colored, in particular the film has a yellow tone. [6] Prosthesis according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by that the film is plasma-treated or chemically modified on the surface. [7] Method for producing a dental prosthesis, characterized by that it includes the steps 1) Providing a film, wherein the film comprises a tough elastic and / or thermoplastic film, 2) Integrating the foil into the prosthesis by a) (I) in a first step an inner tooth area (3) is produced, (II) in a subsequent step, a film is applied and fixed at least partially to the inner tooth area (3) or a film is arranged on the inner tooth area (3), and (III) at least one further tooth layer (1) is applied at least partially to the film and optionally to the areas of the inner tooth area (3) not provided with film, or b) (I) Presentation of at least one further tooth layer (1), (II) Applying a foil to the further tooth layer (1), (III) Arranging an inner tooth region (3) on the foil, or c) (I) Arranging a slide and (II) Surrounding the film with the inner tooth region (3) and / or the at least one further tooth layer (1), or d) (I) in a first step at least part of an inner tooth region (3) is produced, (II) in a subsequent step, a film is applied and fixed at least partially to the inner tooth area (3) or a film is arranged on the inner tooth area (3), and (III) at least one further part of the inner tooth region is at least partially applied to the film and optionally to the areas of the inner tooth region (3) not provided with film. [8] Method according to claim 7, characterized by that the film is at least partially integrated into the dental prosthesis. [9] Method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized by that d) (I) the inner tooth region (3) is made of a polymerizable composition comprising - 50 to 90 wt.% powdered polymer, such as PMMA, and 10 to 50 wt.% monomers, or - 0 to 50 wt% organic or inorganic fillers, 50 to 90 wt% PMMA, 10 to 50 wt% monomers, the total composition being 100 wt% in each case, - an inner tooth layer comprises a polymer of an acrylate, such as (alkyl)acrylates, in particular PMMA, preferably copolymers of (alkyl)acrylates and / or monomers comprising (meth)acrylate, and / or (iii) the at least one further tooth layer (1) comprises a polymer of an acrylate, such as alkyl acrylate, in particular PMMA, copolymers of (alkyl) acrylates and / or monomers comprising (meth)acrylates or dental veneering composite, veneering ceramic, zirconium dioxide. [10] Method according to claim 7 or 9, characterized bythat in the method a dental prosthesis with an integrated film is produced, in particular a tooth (0) comprising an inner tooth region (3) which is at least partially provided with a film layer (2) and the film layer (2) is at least partially covered by a further tooth layer (1).

Images