Planetary gear rectifier and automatic winder for watches

Description

Field of invention

[0001] The present invention relates to a rectifier device for use in watches, in particular for use in an automatic winding mechanism of a mechanically driven watch, wherein the device comprises a planetary gear unit comprising an input rotating part rotatably mounted about an axis of rotation, a planet carrier rotatably mounted coaxially to the input rotating part, at least one planet gear rotatably mounted on said planet carrier about a planet gear axis parallel to the axis of rotation and in kinematic connection with the input rotating part, and an output rotating part mounted coaxially to the input rotating part and to the planet carrier. The invention further relates to an automatic winding mechanism for use in watches and to a watch comprising such a rectifier device, which is in kinematic connection with a pivotably mounted flywheel or another component of the watch. Background of the invention and state of the art

[0002] The present invention relates generally to the field of automatic winding devices, also called automatic winding devices, which serve to wind wristwatches with a mechanical energy source in the form of a mainspring. Such an automatic winding device was described by the applicant in patent application DE 882 227 (1951), and this device is known to watchmakers as the Pellaton winding mechanism.In this mechanism, both directions of rotation of a pivotally mounted oscillating weight are used to wind the watch's mainspring. This is achieved by means of winding arms located laterally on a winding wheel, which are driven by a cam attached to the oscillating weight's axis of rotation via a rocker arm. The winding motion is thus aligned so that the winding wheel, which charges the mainspring, is driven by these winding arms via pawls in only one direction of rotation, regardless of the direction of rotation of the pivoting weight. Utilizing both directions of rotation of the pivotally mounted oscillating weight significantly increases the efficiency of the automatic winding of the mainspring, for example, while wearing the watch.

[0003] In the past, various attempts have been made to provide other solutions for automatic winding mechanisms, in particular mechanisms that also achieve a realignment of the two directions of rotation of the pivotally mounted flywheel and / or require less space than the aforementioned Pellaton winding mechanism.

[0004] In this context, patent application DE 2 166 081 (1971) discloses an automatic winding mechanism with a flywheel, the pivoting movement of which in a first direction of rotation is transmitted to the winding wheel via a first toothing of at least one intermediate wheel by means of a drive pinion which is attached to the pivot axis of the flywheel and which engages in a disengageable change wheel, while the pivoting movement of the flywheel in the second direction of rotation, when the said change wheel is disengaged, is transmitted to the winding wheel via a second toothing of the at least one intermediate wheel by means of a ratchet wheel attached to the pivot axis of the flywheel, which is driven only in this direction of rotation by a pawl attached to the flywheel.This design, firstly because the drive pinion is installed coaxially to the flywheel, does not allow for a particularly low height of the mechanism, and secondly, it is unable to achieve a reduction in either the number of components or the overall space requirement of the mechanism.

[0005] Patent application EP 278 338 (1988) discloses an automatic winding mechanism whose flywheel drives a tension wheel carrying two pawl systems acting in opposite directions of rotation. These pawl systems drive corresponding ratchet wheels that cooperate with the associated pawl system when the flywheel pivots in one direction or the other, while they have no effect when the flywheel pivots in the opposite direction. The ratchet wheels are coupled to the winding wheel of a drive spring via a gear train. Due to the opposing directions of rotation of the ratchet wheels, one of the ratchet wheels requires an additional transmission wheel to synchronize its rotation. This design therefore does not allow for a reduction in the number of components or the overall space requirement of the mechanism or the associated gear train.

[0006] Patent application EP 1 046 965 (1999) discloses a watch with an automatic winding mechanism in which the oscillating weight has a central part that serves as a planet carrier for a differential gear. Two planet gears rotatably mounted on this planet carrier each interact with a corresponding output pinion, with both output pinions being coaxially and rotatably arranged on the axis of the oscillating weight, and the teeth of the planet gears being designed such that they only allow unidirectional rotation of the output pinions in two opposite directions. During the pivoting motion of the oscillating weight, one of the two output pinions therefore transmits the torque of the weight in one of the two directions of rotation, while the other of the two output pinions remains stationary when the weight rotates in that direction.Since the output pinions can only rotate in two opposite directions, a watch with this automatic winding mechanism also requires a gear train to transmit the torque to the winding wheel. This gear train has two transmission wheels rotating in opposite directions, each of which interacts with one of the two output pinions. Therefore, the use of a differential gear in this automatic winding mechanism does not reduce the number of components or the overall space required by the mechanism.

[0007] Patent EP 1 843 225 (2006) discloses an automatic winding mechanism in which a flywheel drives a leading wheel via a drive pinion. This leading wheel is coupled, by means of a coupling device acting in one direction of rotation, to a guided wheel in the direction of rotation of the flywheel. The guided wheel drives a gear train kinematically connected to the winding wheel. In the opposite direction of rotation of the flywheel, the leading wheel is decoupled from the guided wheel by disengaging the coupling device. The coupling device consists of at least one elastic locking arm, which is mounted in a recess of the guided wheel, has a pivot point on the leading wheel at one end, and can rest against the inner wall of the recess of the guided wheel at another end. The extent to which the use of such a locking arm offers advantages is questionable.In any case, a winding mechanism with only one such coupling device utilizes only one direction of rotation of the pivotally mounted oscillating weight to wind the mainspring of the associated watch and therefore exhibits lower efficiency, for example, compared to the previously mentioned Pellaton winding mechanism. A winding mechanism with two such coupling devices does utilize both directions of rotation of the pivotally mounted oscillating weight to wind the mainspring, but in this case, it does not allow for a reduction in the number of components or the overall space required by the mechanism.

[0008] Patent application EP 3 018 535 (2014) discloses an automatic winding mechanism in which the flywheel drives a sun gear of a differential gear via a drive wheel, the sun gear being freely rotatable about the axis of a winding wheel, and the said winding wheel simultaneously serving as a satellite wheel carrier, which carries at least one satellite wheel. The at least one satellite wheel is arranged with clearance on an axis parallel to and offset from the axis of a winding wheel such that, in one direction of rotation of the flywheel or the sun gear, the at least one satellite wheel is locked, and thus the sun gear drives the winding wheel and charges an associated drive spring, while in the opposite direction of rotation of the flywheel or the sun gear, the at least one satellite wheel rotates freely and the winding wheel is therefore not driven.As in the previously discussed mechanism according to patent application EP 1 843 225, this winding mechanism either uses only one direction of rotation of the pivotably mounted oscillating mass to charge the mainspring of the associated watch and in this case has only a lower efficiency, or two such sun gears working in opposite directions with associated satellite wheel carrier and satellite wheel are required and in this case, despite the compact design, neither a significant reduction in the number of components nor in the space requirement of the mechanism, in particular a reduction in its height, is achieved.

[0009] Furthermore, patent application EP 2 897 000 (2014) describes an automatic winding mechanism of the type cited above, which includes a reversing gear for aligning the two directions of rotation of the pivotally mounted flywheel. As set out in that document, said reversing gear comprises a first rotatable input wheel, a second rotatable input wheel, and a rotatable satellite carrier, which carries a first satellite or first set of satellites that interacts with the first input wheel, and a second satellite or second set of satellites that interacts with the first input wheel.which interacts with the second input wheel, and which is also rigidly connected to an output drive, wherein the corresponding teeth of the satellites and the teeth interacting with them on the input wheels are designed such that the first and second satellites can each rotate only in one direction, and the direction of rotation of the first satellite is opposite to that of the second satellite. Although this reversing mechanism achieves the desired alignment of the two directions of rotation of the pivotally mounted flywheel in the sense that the output drive of the reversing mechanism, kinematically connected to the winding wheel, rotates only in one direction, this mechanism has some disadvantages.This is because, firstly, the mechanism itself requires two input wheels as well as two associated, independently rotatable satellites or sets of satellites, whose teeth must also have a complex shape, and secondly, the gear train driving the mechanism must be correspondingly more complex, insofar as the axis of the flywheel must be kinematically connected to both the first and second input wheels, in opposite directions of rotation. All of this inevitably results in an increased number of components, a comparatively complicated mechanism design, and a correspondingly increased overall space requirement.

[0010] Patent application EP 3 104 232 (2015) also discloses an automatic winding mechanism of the type cited above, which is essentially equivalent to the automatic winding mechanism described in patent application EP 2 897 000. However, the first and second satellites, or sets of satellites, are attached to the first and second input wheels, which thus function not only as input wheels but also as satellite carriers, whereas the output drive does not simultaneously serve as a satellite carrier, as in the mechanism according to patent application EP 2 897 000. Nevertheless, this mechanism has the same disadvantages as the one according to patent application EP 2 897 000.

[0011] In light of the aforementioned state of the art, it must therefore be concluded that none of the aforementioned automatic winding mechanisms, whether with or without the use of a differential gear, offers a fully satisfactory system in terms of the complexity of the mechanism's construction, the number of components, and the corresponding space requirements. Furthermore, such a system should ideally impose minimal restrictions on its interaction with both the oscillating weight and the downstream gear train for winding the mainspring, while simultaneously offering simple possibilities for use in applications other than automatic winding. To overcome these limitations and open up such possibilities, an improved rectifier device for use in watchmaking remains desirable. Object of the invention

[0012] The objective of the present invention is therefore to realize a rectifier device for use in watches, in particular for use in an automatic winding device of a watch with a mechanical drive, which has the simplest possible design, the fewest possible number of components and a correspondingly reduced space requirement, wherein the device preferably also enables, firstly, in the case of application in an automatic winding device, the simplest possible interaction with the oscillating mass and the downstream gear train, and secondly, should be suitable for further applications in the watchmaking sector as well as in the micro- and precision engineering sector. Inventive solution

[0013] To achieve the aforementioned objectives, the present invention therefore comprises a rectifier device as an object which has the features mentioned in claim 1, as well as a corresponding automatic winding device or watch which has such a device.In particular, the invention is characterized in that the output rotating part of the device is rotatably mounted relative to the input rotating part and to the planet gear carrier in at least one operating position of the device and is in kinematic connection with the at least one planet gear, and that the device has first rectifier means for blocking the rotation of the planet gear carrier in a direction of rotation when the input rotating part is rotated in a first direction of rotation (A) and second rectifier means for blocking the at least one planet gear and / or the output rotating part in a direction of rotation when the input rotating part is rotated in a second direction of rotation (B) opposite to the first direction of rotation.

[0014] Based on these features, the rectifier device according to the invention has a planetary gear unit comprising three separate and coaxially rotatable parts: the input rotating part, the planet gear carrier, and the output rotating part. These parts are kinematically connected to each other by means of at least one planet gear, wherein the rotational movements of some parts are limited to one direction of rotation depending on the direction of rotation of the input rotating part by means of the first and second rectifier means.This contrasts with the differential gears disclosed in the prior art, for example in patent applications EP 1 046 965, EP 3 018 535, EP 2 897 000 and EP 3 104 232, which all have only two separate parts for the functional components input wheel, satellite wheel carrier and output wheel, insofar as in these differential gears two functionally different components form one part together, for example the satellite wheel carrier and the output wheel or the satellite wheel carrier and the input wheel.While this approach, as mentioned in the introduction, entails various disadvantages in the prior art, such as the need for corresponding modifications to the input or output gear train without significantly reducing the complexity of the differential gear, the rectifier device according to the invention allows rectification to be performed solely within the planetary gear train of the device, without involving the upstream or downstream gear train. Thus, such a rectifier device enables its use in various applications in the watchmaking sector without significantly increasing the number of components required and therefore the complexity of the planetary gear train, particularly without major modifications to the input or output gear train, for example, in the form of two separate input or output gears for the two directions of rotation, as in devices according to the prior art.

[0015] Preferably, the input rotating part is implemented by means of a wheel rim and the output rotating part by means of an output wheel fixed to a shaft.

[0016] The first and second rectifier elements are preferably implemented by means of pawl arms with a pawl at their free ends and an associated ratchet wheel with a locking toothing against which the respective pawl is pre-tensioned. In a particularly preferred embodiment of the device, the pawl arms are integrally formed with the planetary gear carrier or with a component of the planetary gear carrier. This enables a particularly simple design of the planetary gear set as well as cost-effective manufacturing of the components. The number of pawls in the respective rectifier element, as well as the position of the pawls and the locking teeth, can be selected relatively freely.

[0017] In particular, it is possible to reverse, i.e., to select, the direction of rectification by the rectifier device of two different input directions of rotation in a structurally simple manner by reversing the first and second rectifier means, for example by reversing the direction of action of the ratchet arm ratchet systems.

[0018] Furthermore, the mode of operation of the rectifier device can also be reversed by means of the input rotating part being implemented by means of the output wheel fixed to the shaft and the output rotating part being implemented by means of the wheel rim.

[0019] This illustrates that the device according to the invention can be used in a wide variety of applications in the watchmaking sector, particularly in the context of an automatic winding device for watches with a mechanical mainspring, and generally for rectifying the direction of rotation of a drive, a control element, a gear train, or a display element. Accordingly, the system can be used in any watch where rectification of a direction of rotation is required, making the system according to the invention extremely versatile overall. Brief description of the images

[0020] The accompanying illustrations depict, by way of example and schematic representation, two embodiments of a rectifier device according to the present invention.

[0021] The Figure 1 is a perspective exploded view of a first embodiment of a device according to the invention.

[0022] Figures 2a, 2b and 2c are views from above and below, respectively, as well as a longitudinal section along the in Figure 2a line II of the embodiment of the device shown according to Figure 1 , wherein the device is shown schematically and by way of example in the assembled state.

[0023] Figures 3a and 3b schematically illustrate the principle of operation and the sequence of movements of a device according to the invention, wherein the direction of rotation of the input rotating part is shown in Figure 3a in contrast to that in Figure 3b is and wherein the drive is via an input rotary part located outside the planetary gear and the output is via an output rotary part located inside the planetary gear.

[0024] Figures 4a and 4b, analogous to Figures 3a and 3b, schematically illustrate the principle of operation and the sequence of movements of a second embodiment of a device according to the invention, wherein the direction of rotation of the input rotating part is shown in Figure 4a in contrast to that in Figure 4b is and wherein in the second embodiment of the device according to Figures 4a and 4b - compared to the first embodiment of the device according to Figures 3a and 3b - the input rotary part and the output rotary part are interchanged and the first and second rectifier means are adapted accordingly, so that the drive is via an input rotary part located inside the planetary gear and the output is via an output rotary part located outside the planetary gear. Detailed description of the invention

[0025] The invention will now be described in detail below with the aid of the aforementioned figures in two of its embodiments, whereby further modifications and additional embodiments not shown in the figures will also be presented below. The device according to the invention is presented by way of example, particularly in connection with an automatic winding mechanism of a watch with a mechanical drive, although, as mentioned, such a device can also be used in other types of watches, and the following description in connection with automatic winding mechanisms is therefore not intended to represent any limitation of the scope of application of the invention. Construction

[0026] The construction of a first embodiment of a rectifier device according to the invention for use in watches, in particular for use in an automatic winding device of a watch with a mechanical drive, is described in Figure 1by means of a perspective exploded view and, in the assembled state of the device, in Figures 2a, 2b and 2c by means of views from above and below respectively, as well as a longitudinal section along the Figure 2a The drawn line II is shown schematically and by way of example.

[0027] As can be seen from these illustrations, the device has a planetary gear unit comprising an input rotating part 1 rotatably mounted about an axis of rotation 1.1, a planet carrier 2.1, 2.4 rotatably mounted coaxially to the input rotating part 1, at least one planet gear 2.2.1, 2.2.2, 2.2.3 rotatably mounted on said planet carrier 2.1, 2.4 about a planet gear axis 2.3.1, 2.3.2, 2.3.3 parallel to the axis of rotation 1.1 and kinematically connected to the input rotating part 1, and an output rotating part 3 mounted coaxially to the input rotating part 1 and to the planet carrier 2.

[0028] The core of the present invention lies in the design and the mobility relative to each other of the various parts of the device according to the invention, in particular in that the output rotating part 3 is rotatably mounted relative to the input rotating part 1 and to the planet gear carrier 2 in at least one operating position of the device and is in kinematic connection with the at least one planet gear 2.2.1, 2.2.2, 2.2.3.

[0029] To enable the mobility of the various parts relative to each other, the device further comprises first rectifier means 5 for locking the rotation of the planetary gear carrier 2.1, 2.4 in one direction of rotation when the input rotating part 1 is rotated in a first direction of rotation A, and second rectifier means 6 for locking the at least one planetary gear 2.2.1, 2.2.2, 2.2.3 and / or the output rotating part 3 in one direction of rotation when the input rotating part 1 is rotated in a second direction of rotation B opposite to the first direction of rotation.

[0030] In the first embodiment of the rectifier device according to the invention, shown in Figures 1, 2a, 2b, and 2c, the input rotating part 1 has a wheel rim 1.2. This wheel rim 1.2 comprises a first input rotating part toothing in the form of an internal toothing 1.2.1 located on the inner wall of the wheel rim 1.2, which meshes with a first toothing of the at least one planet gear 2.2.1, 2.2.2, 2.2.3. As can be seen from Figures 1 and 2c, the first toothing of the at least one planet gear 2.2.1, 2.2.2, 2.2.3 in this embodiment is the toothing of the larger diameter, which in Figures 1 and 2c is located above a toothing of the smaller diameter on the at least one planet gear 2.2.1, 2.2.2, 2.2.3. The wheel rim 1.2 also includes a second input turning toothing in the form of an external toothing 1.2 located on the outer wall of the wheel rim 1.2.2, which is suitable for being kinematically connected to an energy source, a drive, a control element, or a gear train of the watch. In the preferred application of the device within the framework of an automatic winding device of a watch with a mechanical drive, the external toothing 1.2.2 of the wheel rim 1.2 is in direct or indirect kinematic connection with a flywheel, which is pivotable in both directions of rotation under the influence of gravity in a known manner. For example, a pinion located on the pivot axis of the flywheel can engage directly or indirectly with the external toothing 1.2.2 of the wheel rim 1.2 via an intermediate gear. It is also possible to attach the flywheel directly to the input rotating part 1, in which case the external toothing 1.2.2 is not required.Since this is fully known to those skilled in the art, the gearing for establishing a direct or indirect kinematic connection with the flywheel will not be discussed further below.

[0031] In this first embodiment of the device according to the invention, the output rotating part 3 has an output gear 3.1 fixedly attached to a shaft 3.2. This output gear 3.1 comprises a first output rotating part toothing in the form of an external toothing 3.1.1 located on the outer wall of the output gear 3.1, which meshes with a second toothing of the at least one planet gear 2.2.1, 2.2.2, 2.2.3. As can be seen from Figures 1 and 2c, the second toothing of the at least one planet gear 2.2.1, 2.2.2, 2.2.3 in this embodiment is the smaller diameter toothing already mentioned above, which is located below the larger diameter toothing on the at least one planet gear 2.2.1, 2.2.2, 2.2.3 in Figures 1 and 2c. The shaft 3.2 includes a second output rotating toothing in the form of an output pinion 3 located at one end of the shaft 3.2.4, which is suitable for being kinematically connected to a gear train, a drive element, a display element, or a component of the watch. In the preferred application of the device within the framework of an automatic winding device of a watch with a mechanical drive, the output pinion 3.4 is in direct or indirect kinematic connection with a winding wheel, which, in a known manner, winds the mainspring of the associated watch located in a mainspring barrel. For example, the output pinion 3.4 can be engaged directly or indirectly with the winding wheel via an intermediate gear. It is also possible to attach the winding wheel directly to the output rotating part 3, in which case the output pinion 3.4 is not required. Since this is fully known to those skilled in the art, the gear train for establishing a direct or indirect kinematic connection with the winding wheel will not be discussed further below. The shaft 3.Figure 2 also represents the physical design of the axis of rotation 1.1 of the device, about which the said input rotating part 1, or the wheel rim 1.2, is rotatably mounted, for example by the wheel rim 1.2 having a central opening 1.2.3 which accommodates the shaft 3.2.

[0032] In the first embodiment of the device according to the invention, shown in Figures 1, 2a, 2b, and 2c, the planet carrier comprises a lower planet carrier part 2.1 and an upper planet carrier part 2.4. In this example of an embodiment of a planet carrier according to the invention, the lower planet carrier part 2.1 has an annular base structure on which three shafts are arranged at equal angular intervals. These shafts form the planet gear axes 2.3.1, 2.3.2, 2.3.3, which are parallel to the axis of rotation 1.1, and on each of which a planet gear 2.2.1, 2.2.2, 2.2.3 is freely rotatably mounted. Apart from the fact that at least one planet gear 2.2.1 is required, the number of planet gears 2.2.1, 2.2.2, 2.2.3 can be selected relatively freely and is preferably between 2 and 6 planet gears. The upper planet carrier part 2.In this embodiment of a planetary gear carrier according to the invention, 4 also has a ring-shaped basic structure on which three shaft receiving openings 2.4.1, 2.4.2, 2.4.3 are arranged at equal angular intervals and corresponding to the arrangement of the three shafts on the planetary gear carrier lower part 2.1, which allow the planetary gear carrier upper part 2.4 to be driven onto the shafts 2.1.1, 2.1.2, 2.1.3 and thus onto the planetary gear carrier lower part 2.1, whereby the planet gears 2.2.1, 2.2.2, 2.2.3 can be rotatably attached to the planetary gear carrier. Furthermore, the planetary gear carrier upper part 2.4, analogous to the input rotating part 1, comprises a central shaft receiving opening 2.4.4, which receives the shaft 3.2 and thus allows the planetary gear carrier 2.1, 2.4 and, with this part, the planet gears 2.2.1, 2.2.2, 2.2.3 to be rotatably mounted about the axis of rotation 1.1 or the shaft 3.2. Preferably, as shown in [reference]. Figure 2cAs can be seen, the inner diameter of the central shaft receiving opening 2.4.4 of the planetary gear carrier upper part 2.4 corresponds to the outer diameter of a shoulder of the central opening 1.2.3 of the gear rim 1.2, which receives the shaft 3.2, so that the shaft 3.2 is rotatably mounted in the said central opening 1.2.3 of the gear rim 1.2 and the said shoulder of this opening 1.2.3 is rotatably mounted in the central shaft receiving opening 2.4.4 of the planetary gear carrier upper part 2.4. It should also be noted that the planet carrier can consist of only a single component, such as the planet carrier lower part 2.1, which in this case also has the central shaft receiving opening 2.4.4, wherein the planet gears 2.2.1, 2.2.2, 2.2.3 are held, for example, by means of a fastening screw screwed onto the shafts 2.1.1, 2.1.2, 2.1.3 or by a fastening element individually driven onto each shaft. In general, the planet gears 2.2.1, 2.2.2, 2.2.3 can be rotatably mounted.3. The planet gear carrier can be attached in any manner known to a watchmaker, for example, by having the planet gears 2.2.1, 2.2.2, 2.2.3 have axles fixed to them, which in turn are rotatably mounted on the planet gear carrier. Since such alternatives are fully known to a watchmaker, they will not be discussed further here.

[0033] In general, the speed ratios in the planetary gear system are described by equations well known to watchmakers and found in the relevant literature, which are therefore not reproduced here. The gear ratios and the number of teeth of the rotating parts or gears involved, in particular the number of teeth of the first input gear toothing on the inner wall of the gear rim 1.2 (internal toothing 1.2.1) and the first output gear toothing on the outer wall of the output gear 3.1 (external toothing 3.1.1), can be determined using these equations. The gear ratio between the input gear 1 and the at least one planet gear 2.2.1, 2.2.2, 2.2.3, as well as between the at least one planet gear 2.2.1, 2.2.2, 2.2.3 and the output gear 1, is preferably selected such that the gear ratio of the entire planetary gear system is equal to 1.

[0034] Furthermore, according to the first embodiment of the device according to the invention shown in Figures 1, 2a, 2b and 2c, the first rectifier means 5 for blocking the rotation of the planetary gear carrier 2.1, 2.4 in a direction of rotation when the input rotating part 1 is rotated in a first direction of rotation A comprise at least a first pawl arm 2.5.1, 2.5.2, 2.5.3 with a first pawl at a free end of the pawl arm and a first ratchet wheel 4.1.1 with a first ratchet toothing. Preferably, the device comprises a number of first pawl arms 2.5.1, 2.5.2, 2.5.3 or of first pawls corresponding to the number of planet gears 2.2.1, 2.2.2, 2.2.3, i.e., in the embodiment shown in the figures, three pawl arms 2.5.1, 2.5.2, 2.5.3 and generally at least one pawl arm, but preferably between 2 and 6 pawl arms. As can be seen from Figures 1 and 2b, the first pawl arms 2.5.1, 2.5.2, 2.5.3 are3 preferably arranged on the outer circumference of the annular base structure of the planet carrier lower part 2.1 of the planet carrier, at equal angular intervals and each between the three shafts 2.1.1, 2.1.2, 2.1.3. The first pawl(s) at each free end of a pawl arm 2.5.1, 2.5.2, 2.5.3 and the first locking tooth on the first ratchet wheel 4.1.1 are designed such that the pawl is pre-tensioned against the locking tooth, for example by elastic pawl arms 2.5.1, 2.5.2, 2.5.3 and / or pre-tensioning of each pawl arm 2.5.1, 2.5.2, 2.5.3 by means of a corresponding pre-tensioning spring, and that the pawl(s) engage with the first locking tooth on the first ratchet wheel 4.1.1 when the input rotating part 1 is rotated in the said first direction of rotation A such that in this case a locking of the planetary gear carrier 2.1, 2.5.3 in one direction of rotation is achieved.4 occurs while the pawl, when the input rotating part 1 rotates in the opposite direction of rotation (B), can jump over the locking teeth, thus enabling rotation of the planetary gear carrier 2.1, 2.4. The first locking teeth on the first ratchet wheel 4.1.1 are designed as Breguet or saw teeth, which, in the first embodiment of the device according to the invention shown in Figures 1 and 2a, are aligned such that when the input rotating part 1 rotates in the aforementioned first direction of rotation A, the planetary gear carrier 2.1, 2.4 is locked against rotation in this first direction of rotation A, as will be explained in more detail below.

[0035] In general, it is possible that the at least one first pawl arm 2.5.1, 2.5.2, 2.5.3 is mounted on the planetary gear carrier 2.1, 2.4, and the at least first ratchet wheel 4.1.1, or its first ratchet teeth, is mounted on a bridge or a plate 4, which preferably supports the entire device. This is the case in the embodiment shown in Figures 1 and 2a, in which the first ratchet teeth of the first ratchet wheel 4.1.1 are designed as internal saw teeth on a bridge or a plate 4. Conversely, it is also possible that at least one first pawl arm 2.5.1, 2.5.2, 2.5.3 is attached to the aforementioned bridge or plate 4 and the first ratchet teeth of the first ratchet wheel 4.1.1 are attached to the planet carrier 2.1, 2.4, for example as external saw teeth on the lower part of the planet carrier 2.1, insofar as both solutions are equivalent. As can be seen particularly from Figures 1 and 2c, the bridge or plate 4 has bearings 4.2.1, which have corresponding bearings at the ends of the shaft 3.2 attached pivot pins, wherein in the aforementioned figures only one of the bearings 4.2.1 is shown, while another bearing on a further part of the bridge or plate 4, in a manner known to those skilled in the art, receives the pivot pin at the other end of the shaft 3.2, so that the entire planetary gear is mounted so as to be freely rotatable in the bridge or plate 4.

[0036] Similarly, in the first embodiment of the device according to the invention shown in Figures 1, 2a, 2b and 2c, the second rectifier means 6 for locking the at least one planet gear 2.2.1, 2.2.2, 2.2.3 and / or the output rotating part 3 in a direction of rotation when the input rotating part 1 is rotated in a second direction of rotation B opposite to the first direction of rotation, have at least a second pawl arm 2.6.1, 2.6.2, 2.6.3 with a second pawl at a free end of the pawl arm and at least a second ratchet wheel 3.3 with a second ratchet toothing. With regard to the second rectifier means 6, the device preferably comprises a number of second pawl arms 2.6.1, 2.6.2, 2.6.3 corresponding to the number of planet gears 2.2.1, 2.2.2, 2.2.3, i.e., in the embodiment shown in the figures, three pawl arms 2.6.1, 2.6.2, 2.6.3 and generally at least one pawl arm, but preferably between 2 and 6 pawl arms. As can be seen from Figures 1 and 2a, the second pawl arms 2.6.1, 2.6.2, 2.6.3 are preferably arranged on the inner circumference of the annular base structure of the planet carrier upper part 2.4 of the planet carrier, at equal angular intervals and each between two arms which hold the central shaft receiving opening 2.4.4 of the planet carrier upper part 2.4. The second pawl(s) at each free end of a pawl arm 2.6.1, 2.6.2, 2.6.3 and the second locking tooth on the second ratchet wheel 3.3 are designed such that the pawl is pre-actuated against the locking tooth, for example by elastic pawl arms 2.6.1, 2.6.2, 2.6.3 and / or pre-actuating each pawl arm 2.6.1, 2.6.2, 2.6.3 by means of a corresponding pre-actuating spring, and that the pawl(s) engage with the second locking tooth on the second ratchet wheel 3.3 when the input rotating part 1 is rotated in the said second direction of rotation B, the pawls engage in such a way that in this case a locking in one direction of rotation of the at least one planet gear 2.2.1, 2.2.2, 2.2.3 and / or the output rotating part 3 takes place, while the pawl can jump over the locking teeth when the input rotating part 1 is rotated in the first direction of rotation A and a rotation of the at least one planet gear 2.2.1, 2.2.2, 2.2.3 and the output rotating part 3 is enabled in this case. The second locking tooth on the second ratchet wheel 3.3 is designed as a Breguet or saw tooth, which in the first embodiment of the device according to the invention shown in Figures 1 and 2a is aligned such that when the input rotating part 1 is rotated in the said second direction of rotation B, each planetary wheel 2.2.1, 2.2.2, 2.2.3 is blocked against rotation in this second direction of rotation B and the output rotating part 3 is blocked against rotation in the first direction of rotation A, as will be explained in more detail below.

[0037] In general, it is possible that the at least one second pawl arm 2.6.1, 2.6.2, 2.6.3 is attached to the planet gear carrier 2.1, 2.4, and the at least one second ratchet wheel 3.3 or its second ratchet teeth are attached to the output rotating part 3 and / or to the at least one planet gear 2.2.1, 2.2.2, 2.2.3. The former is the case in the embodiment shown in Figures 1 and 2a, in which the second ratchet teeth are designed as external saw teeth, which are attached to the second ratchet wheel 3.3 located above the output gear 3.1 and having a smaller outer diameter, while the latter is not shown in the figures. In principle, it is also possible that at least one second pawl arm 2.6.1, 2.6.2, 2.6.3 is located on the output rotating part 3 and / or on the at least one planet gear 2.2.1, 2.2.2, 2.2.3 and the at least one second ratchet wheel 3.3 or its second ratchet teeth are located on the planet gear carrier 2.1, 2.2.3.4 is attached, for example as an internal sawtooth on the planetary gear carrier upper part 2.4, provided these solutions are equivalent. Alternatively or additionally, at least one second pawl arm 2.6.1, 2.6.2, 2.6.3 can be attached to the said bridge or plate 4, which preferably carries the device, and the second locking tooth of the at least one second ratchet wheel 3.3 can be attached to the output rotating part 3, or vice versa, provided these solutions are also equivalent.

[0038] Preferably, the first (2.5.1), 2.5.2, 2.5.3 and / or second pawl arms (2.6.1), 2.6.2, 2.6.3) are integrally formed with the planet carrier (2.1, 2.4) or with a component of the planet carrier, as exemplified in Figures 1 and 2a / b. Alternatively, it is also possible to manufacture the first (2.5.1), 2.5.2, 2.5.3 and / or second pawl arms (2.6.1), 2.6.2, 2.6.3) as separate components in the conventional manner and mount them on the planet carrier (2.1, 2.4) or the corresponding component of the planet carrier, in which case the aforementioned pre-tensioning springs can be used.

[0039] In general, the input rotating part 1, the planetary gear carrier 2.1, 2.4 or one or more components of the planetary gear carrier 2.1, 2.4, the at least one planetary gear 2.2.1, 2.2.2, 2.2.3, the output rotating part 3 and / or a bridge or a circuit board 4, which preferably supports the device, or one or more components of this bridge or circuit board 4.1, 4.2, can each form a monolithic component. In a particularly preferred manner, these parts can be manufactured using a process such as a LiGA process (lithography, G These components can be manufactured using a DRIE (Deep Reactive Ion Etching) process or a 3D printing process. All of these components can be made from materials well known to those skilled in the art, such as stainless steel, ceramics, or composite materials, and can have a suitable surface treatment if required. How it works

[0040] In view of the above-described structure of the first embodiment of the device according to the invention, shown in Figures 1, 2a, 2b and 2c, its operation can be easily understood with the help of Figures 3a and 3b, which schematically illustrate the principle of operation and the sequence of movements of the device. The direction of rotation of the input rotating part is shown in Figure 3a in contrast to that in Figure 3bThe device is driven in both Figures 3a and 3b via the input rotating part 1 located on the outside of the planetary gear, and the output is driven via the output rotating part 3 located on the inside of the planetary gear. The device is driven, for example, via the second input rotating part toothing located on the outer wall of the wheel rim 1.2, in the form of the aforementioned external toothing 1.2.2, by an energy source such as a flywheel of an automatic winding mechanism of a mechanically driven watch, a drive, a control element, a gear train, or another driving element of the watch. This driving element is represented symbolically in Figures 3a and 3b only by an arrow indicating the direction of rotation of the driving element.

[0041] When the input rotating part 1 is rotated in the first direction of rotation A, which in the top view from above according to Figure 3aPointing clockwise, the first input gear toothing located on the inner wall of the wheel rim 1.2, in the form of an internal gear 1.2.1, engages with the first teeth of at least one planet gear 2.2.1, 2.2.2, 2.2.3. Since the planet gear carrier 2.1, 2.4 is locked against rotation in this first direction of rotation A by the first rectifier means 5, as shown in Figure 3aSymbolized by a minus sign (- sign), at least one planet gear 2.2.1, 2.2.2, 2.2.3 is driven to rotate in this first direction of rotation A, while the planet gear carrier 2.1, 2.4 remains stationary. The at least one planet gear 2.2.1, 2.2.2, 2.2.3, in turn, drives the output rotating part 3 in the second direction of rotation B through the engagement of the second tooth of the at least one planet gear 2.2.1, 2.2.2, 2.2.3 with the first output rotating part tooth located on the outer wall of the output gear 3.1 in the form of an external tooth 3.1.1. The rotation of the output rotating part 3 in the second direction of rotation B can be, as in Figure 3asymbolized by a plus sign (+ sign), this occurs because the pawls of the second pawl arms 2.6.1, 2.6.2, 2.6.3 of the second rectifier means 6 can jump over the second locking teeth on the second ratchet wheel 3.3 when the input rotating part 1 is rotated in the first direction of rotation A, thus enabling a rotation of at least one planetary wheel 2.2.1, 2.2.2, 2.2.3 and the output rotating part 3 in this case.

[0042] When the input rotating part 1 is rotated in the second direction of rotation B, which in the top view according to Figure 3bPointing counterclockwise, the first input gear toothing located on the inner wall of the wheel rim 1.2, in the form of an internal gear 1.2.1, also engages with the first gearing of the at least one planet gear 2.2.1, 2.2.2, 2.2.3. Since the output gear 3 is locked against rotation in the first direction A by the second rectifier means 6, and thus the at least one planet gear 2.2.1, 2.2.2, 2.2.3 is locked against rotation in the second direction B, as shown in Figure 3b Symbolized by a dash, the planet carrier 2.1, 2.4, together with the planet gears 2.2.1, 2.2.2, 2.2.3, is driven to rotate in the second direction of rotation B, whereby at least one planet gear 2.2.1, 2.2.2, 2.2.3 cannot rotate about its associated axis of rotation 2.3.1, 2.3.2, 2.3.3. The rotation of the planet carrier 2.1, 2.4 in the second direction of rotation B can be controlled as shown in Figure 3bThis is symbolized by a + sign, because when the input rotating part 1 rotates in the opposite direction to the first direction of rotation, the pawls of the first pawl arms 2.5.1, 2.5.2, 2.5.3 of the first rectifier means 5 can jump over the first locking teeth on the first ratchet wheel 4.1.1, thus enabling rotation of the planet carrier 2.1, 2.4 in this case. The planet carrier 2.1, 2.4, in turn, drives the output rotating part 3 in the second direction of rotation B through the engagement of the second teeth of at least one planet gear 2.2.1, 2.2.2, 2.2.3 with the first output rotating part teeth located on the outer wall of the output gear 3.1 in the form of external teeth 3.1.1.

[0043] Therefore, in the first embodiment of the device according to the invention, both when the input rotating part 1 is rotated in the first direction of rotation A and when the input rotating part 1 is rotated in the second direction of rotation B, the output rotating part 3 rotates in the second direction of rotation B, which, in the top view according to Figures 3a and 3b, points counterclockwise, and thus the directions of rotation of the input rotating part 1 are aligned with those of the output rotating part 3. Alternative designs

[0044] In addition to the alternative embodiments already briefly mentioned above, for example with regard to the number of planet gears and / or pawls and / or the location of the pawl-ratchet systems, an invention can be realized by means of numerous further alternative embodiments, for example by adding further rows of planet gears and / or by reversing the direction of action or a different design of the first - 5 and second rectifier means 6 or of the pawl-ratchet systems described above for this purpose.

[0045] For example, it is possible not only to change the number of planet gears according to the alternative embodiments mentioned above by varying the number of planet gears between the input rotating part 1 and the output rotating part 3, i.e. by changing the angular distance between these planet gears, but also to connect two or more rows of planet gears in series, so that the first row of planet gears is no longer directly kinematically connected to the output rotating part 3, but to the next row of planet gears, and only the last row of planet gears is directly kinematically connected to the output rotating part 3.Although such planetary gears are feasible, their practical application is limited due to the increased number of components and the resulting complexity, greater space requirements, and additional play between the mechanical parts; therefore, such alternatives will not be discussed in more detail below.

[0046] It is also possible to reverse the direction of action of the two pawl-ratchet systems of the first 5 and second rectifier means 6 compared to the direction of action shown in Figures 3a and 3b. This causes the output rotating part 3 to rotate in the first direction of rotation A as well as in the second direction of rotation B in a corresponding embodiment of the device according to the invention (not shown in the figures), i.e., the directions of rotation of the input rotating part 1 at the output rotating part 3 are reversed compared to the first embodiment of the device. This embodiment can also be implemented in various ways by changing the location of the pawl-ratchet systems and / or the number of planet gears and / or pawls, as described above.

[0047] Furthermore, it is possible to use a corresponding tooth shape for locking the planet carrier 2.1, 2.4, or at least one planet gear 2.2.1, 2.2.2, 2.2.3 and / or the output rotating part, in a direction of rotation, instead of the pawl-ratchet systems described above for the first 5 and / or the second rectifier means 6. Since the possibility of using the tooth shape for locking in a direction of rotation is known to watchmakers, for example, according to the prior art disclosures cited in the introduction, this possibility and the corresponding tooth shape of, for example, the planet gears 2.2.1, 2.2.2, 2.2.3 and / or the output rotating part 3, as well as the shape of the associated locking teeth, will not be discussed further below.

[0048] A device in which the output rotating part 3 rotates in the first direction of rotation A, i.e., a reversal of the directions of rotation of the input rotating part 1 at the output rotating part 3 compared to the first embodiment of the device according to Figures 1 and 2a to 2c, can also be achieved by reversing the drive and output of the device, i.e., by driving from the inside and driving from the outside. This means, compared to the first embodiment of the device according to Figures 1 and 2a to 2c, an exchange of the input and output rotating parts.

[0049] In this case, the input rotating part 1 has an input wheel 3.1 fixedly attached to a shaft 3.2, wherein the input wheel 3.1 has a first input rotating part toothing in the form of an external toothing 3.1.1 located on the outer wall of the input wheel 3.1, which meshes with a second toothing of the at least one planetary gear 2.2.1, 2.2.2, 2.2.3, and the shaft 3.2 has a second input rotating part toothing in the form of an input pinion 3.4 located at one end of the shaft 3.2, which is suitable to be kinematically connected to an energy source, a drive, a control element or a gear train of the clock. The output rotating part 3 then has a wheel rim 1.2, which has a first output rotating part toothing in the form of an internal toothing 1.2.1 located on the inner wall of the wheel rim 1.2, which engages with a first toothing of the at least one planet gear 2.2.1, 2.2.2, 2.2.3, and a toothing on the outer wall of the wheel rim 1.The device comprises two horizontal second output rotating toothed sections in the form of external teeth 1.2.2, which are suitable for kinematic connection with a gear train, a drive element, a display element, or a component of the clock. In such a second embodiment of the device according to Figures 4a and 4b, compared to the first embodiment of a device according to the invention according to Figures 3a and 3b, not only are the input rotating section and the output rotating section interchanged, but the first 5 and second rectifier means 6 are also adapted accordingly. Therefore, the at least one first pawl arm of the first rectifier means 5 can be attached to the planetary gear carrier 2.1, 2.4, and the first ratchet wheel to a bridge or a plate 4, which preferably supports the device, or vice versa; however, these first rectifier means 5 are now mounted internally around the input wheel 3.1.Accordingly, the at least one second pawl arm of the second rectifier means 6 is attached to the planet gear carrier 2.1, 2.4 and the at least one second ratchet wheel is attached to the output rotating part 3, i.e., in this case, to the wheel rim 1.2, and / or to the at least one planet gear 2.2.1, 2.2.2, 2.2.3, or vice versa, and / or the at least one second pawl arm is attached to a bridge or a plate 4, which preferably carries the device, and the at least one second ratchet wheel is attached to the output rotating part 3, or vice versa, wherein, however, in each of these possibilities, the second rectifier means 6 are now located externally, i.e., around the wheel rim 1.2 and / or a planet gear 2.2.1, 2.2.2, 2.2.3.

[0050] Figures 4a and 4b, analogous to Figures 3a and 3b, schematically illustrate the principle of operation and the sequence of movements of the second embodiment of the device, wherein the direction of rotation of the input rotating part is shown in Figure 4ain contrast to that in Figure 4b As mentioned, in this second embodiment of the device, the drive is provided via an input rotary part 1 located inside the planetary gear and the output via an output rotary part 3 located outside the planetary gear, so that when the inner input rotary part 1 is rotated in the first direction of rotation A, which in the top view according to Figure 4a in the counterclockwise direction, the planetary gear carrier 2 is locked against rotation in this first direction of rotation A by the first rectifier means 5, as in Figure 4asymbolized by a dash. Therefore, at least one planet gear 2.2.1, 2.2.2, 2.2.3 is driven by the previously described engagement of the at least one planet gear 2.2.1, 2.2.2, 2.2.3 with the input rotating part 1, rotating in a second direction of rotation B, opposite to the first direction of rotation A, while the planet gear carrier 2 remains stationary. The at least one planet gear 2.2.1, 2.2.2, 2.2.3, in turn, drives the output rotating part 3 in the second direction of rotation B through the previously described engagement of the at least one planet gear 2.2.1, 2.2.2, 2.2.3. The rotation of the output rotating part 3 in the second direction of rotation B can be controlled as described in Figure 4asymbolized by a + sign, this occurs because the pawls of the second pawl arms of the second rectifier means 6 can jump over the second locking teeth on the second ratchet wheel when the input rotating part 1 is rotated in the first direction of rotation A, and thus a rotation of at least one planetary wheel and the output rotating part 3 is possible in this case.

[0051] When the input rotating part 1 is rotated in the second direction of rotation B, which in the top view according to Figure 4b Pointing clockwise, the output rotating part 3 is locked against rotation in the first direction of rotation A by the second rectifier means 6, and thus at least one planetary gear 2.2.1, 2.2.2, 2.2.3 is also locked against rotation in this direction of rotation A, as shown in Figure 4bsymbolized by a dash. Therefore, the planet carrier 2, together with the planet gears 2.2.1, 2.2.2, 2.2.3, is driven to rotate in the second direction of rotation B, whereby at least one planet gear 2.2.1, 2.2.2, 2.2.3 cannot rotate about its associated axis of rotation 2.3.1, 2.3.2, 2.3.3. The rotation of the planet carrier 2 in the second direction of rotation B can, as in Figure 4b This is symbolized by a + sign, because when the input rotating part 1 rotates in the opposite direction of rotation (B), the pawls of the first pawl arms of the first rectifier means 5 can jump over the first locking teeth on the first ratchet wheel, thus enabling rotation of the planet carrier 2. The planet carrier 2 then in turn drives the output rotating part 3 in the second direction of rotation (B).

[0052] Therefore, in the second embodiment of the device according to the invention, both when the inner input rotating part 1 is rotated in the first direction of rotation A and when this input rotating part 1 is rotated in the second direction of rotation B, which, in the top view from above according to Figures 4a and 4b, points clockwise, and thus the directions of rotation of the inner input rotating part 1 on the outer output rotating part 3 are aligned.

[0053] In the second embodiment of the device according to the invention, the direction of action of the two pawl-ratchet systems of the first 5 and second rectifier means 6 can also be reversed compared to the direction of action shown in Figures 4a and 4b. This results in the device achieving a reverse rectification of the directions of rotation of the input rotating part 1 at the output rotating part 3, i.e., a rotation of the outer output rotating part 3 in the first direction of rotation A, which, viewed from above, points counterclockwise. All other alternative modifications mentioned above, for example, regarding the number of planetary gears and / or pawls and / or the location of the pawl-ratchet systems, are also transferable to the second embodiment of the device. Applications

[0054] According to the invention, such a rectifier device is preferably used in an automatic winding device for use in watches, in particular in a wristwatch with a mechanical drive. Such an automatic winding device has a pivotally mounted oscillating weight, wherein the oscillating weight is in direct or indirect kinematic connection with the input rotating part 1 of the rectifier device in one of the ways mentioned above. The output rotating part 3 of the rectifier device, in turn, is also in direct or indirect kinematic connection with the winding wheel of the watch, which, in a known manner, winds the mainspring of the associated watch located in a mainspring barrel.The present invention therefore also relates to such an automatic winding device and to a watch which has a mechanical drive with a drive spring mounted in a spring barrel and which can be charged by means of a winding wheel, and to such an automatic winding device, wherein the output rotating part 3 of the rectifier device is in kinematic connection with the winding wheel in such a way that an automatic winding of the drive spring of the watch takes place.

[0055] In general, in further applications, the input rotating part 1 of the rectifier device according to the invention can be in direct or indirect kinematic connection with a power source, a drive, a control element, or a clock mechanism, and the output rotating part 3 of the rectifier device can be in direct or indirect kinematic connection with a clock mechanism, a drive element, a display element, or a component of the clock, wherein the rectifier device serves to rectify the directions of rotation of a drive, a control element, a clock mechanism, and / or a display element. For example, the direction of rotation of a display element, such as a date disc, can be rectified in this way during its setting via the clock's crown, regardless of the direction in which the user turns the crown, by incorporating a rectifier device into the clock mechanism of the associated control device.This can be applied to any other gear or drive system where rectification of the input rotation directions is useful and desirable. Advantages

[0056] From the foregoing, it is clear that the present invention makes it possible to realize a rectifier device for use in watches, in particular for use in the automatic winding mechanism of a mechanically driven watch, which has a simple design, a small number of components, and a correspondingly reduced space requirement. Most of the device's components can be manufactured in one piece, in particular using LiGA, DRIE, or 3D printing processes, which enables a particularly simple design of the device and cost-effective manufacturing of the components.When used in an automatic elevator, the device enables the simplest possible interaction with the flywheel and the downstream gear train, while avoiding a complex input or output gear train, for example, in the form of two separate input or output gears for the two input or output directions of rotation, as in the devices according to the prior art. In this application, the device according to the invention also exhibits a significantly smaller lost travel or dead angle between the two directions of rotation of the input rotating part compared to the devices according to the aforementioned prior art patent applications, so that an automatic elevator equipped with such a device is characterized by outstanding performance properties.Therefore, the winding performance of a device according to the invention is equivalent to that of the Pellaton winding system described above and allows a watch with a mechanical energy source to be wound quickly under normal wearing conditions. Furthermore, the device is suitable for various other applications in the watchmaking sector. Overall, the device according to the invention therefore allows for highly flexible use in the watchmaking sector. List of reference symbols Nr. element 1 Input turning part 1.2 rim 1.2.1 internal teeth 1.2.2 External gearing 1.2.3 central opening 2 planetary gear carrier 2.1 Planetary gear carrier lower part 2.1.1, 2.1.2, 2.1.3 shaft 2.2.1, 2.2.2, 2.2.3 planet gear 2.3.1, 2.3.2, 2.3.3 Planetary gear axis 2.4 planetary gear carrier upper 2.4.1, 2.4.2, 2.4.2 shaft mounting opening 2.4.4 central shaft opening 2.5.1, 2.5.2, 2.5.3 first handle arm 2.6.1, 2.6.2, 2.6.3 second handle arm 3 Output turned part 3.1 Starting wheel 3.1.1 External gearing 3.2 Wave 3.3 second lock wheel 3.4 Output pinion 4 Bridge or circuit board 4.1, 4.2 Components of the bridge or circuit board 4.1.1 first ratchet wheel 4.2.1 Storage 4.2.2 Screw opening 5 first rectifier devices 6 second rectifier means A first direction of rotation B second direction of rotation

Claims

1. Reverser device for use in watches, in particular for use in an automatic winding device of a watch with a mechanical drive, the device having a planetary gear which comprises an input mobile (1) rotatably mounted about an axis of rotation (1.1), a planetary wheel carrier (2.1, 2.4) rotatably mounted coaxially with respect to the input mobile (1), at least one planetary wheel (2.2.1, 2.2.2, 2.2.3) which is mounted rotatably on said planetary wheel carrier (2.1, 2.4) about a planetary wheel axis (2.3.1, 2.3.2, 2.3.3 ) parallel to the axis of rotation (1.1) and is kinematically connected to the input mobile (1), and an output mobile (3) mounted coaxially with respect to the input mobile (1) and to the planetary wheel carrier (2), characterised by the fact that the output mobile (3) is mounted rotatably relative to the input mobile (1) and to the planetary wheel carrier (2) in at least one operating position of the device and is connected to the at least one planetary wheel (2.2.1, 2.2.2, 2.2.3) and by the fact that the device comprises first reverser means (5) for blocking in one direction of rotation the rotation of the planetary wheel carrier (2.1, 2.4) when the input mobile (1) rotates in a first direction of rotation (A) and second reverser means (6) for blocking in one direction of rotation the at least one planetary wheel (2.2.1, 2.2.2, 2.2.3) and / or the output mobile (3) when the input mobile (1) rotates in a second direction of rotation (B) opposite to the first direction of rotation.

2. Device according to the preceding claim, characterised by the fact that the first reverser means (5) for blocking in one direction of rotation the rotation of the planetary wheel carrier (2.1, 2.4) when the input mobile (1) rotates in a first direction of rotation (A) comprise at least a first pawl arm (2.5.1, 2.5.2, 2.5.3) with a first pawl at a free end of the pawl arm and a first ratchet wheel (4.1.1) with a first ratchet toothing, the first pawl and the first ratchet toothing being designed in such a way that the pawl is pre-loaded against the ratchet toothing and engages with the latter upon rotation of the input mobile (1) in said first direction of rotation (A) in such a way that in this case a blocking directed in one direction of rotation of the planetary wheel carrier (2.1, 2.4) is realised, while the pawl can jump over the ratchet toothing when the input mobile (1) rotates in the second direction of rotation (B) opposite to the first direction of rotation, thus allowing in this case the planetary wheel carrier (2.1, 2.4) to rotate.

3. Device according to the preceding claim, characterised by the fact that the at least one first ratchet arm (2.5.1, 2.5.2, 2.5.3) is mounted to the planetary wheel carrier (2.1, 2.4) and the first ratchet wheel (4.1.1) is mounted to a bridge or a plate (4), which preferably carries the device, or vice versa.

4. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised by the fact that the second reverser means (6) for blocking in one direction of rotation the at least one planetary wheel (2.2.1, 2.2.2, 2.2.3) and / or the output mobile (3) when the input mobile (1) rotates in a second direction of rotation (B) opposite to the first direction of rotation comprise at least one second pawl arm (2.6.1, 2.6.2, 2.6.3) with a second pawl at a free end of the pawl arm and at least one second ratchet wheel (3.3) with a second ratchet toothing, the second pawl and the second ratchet toothing being designed in such a way that the pawl is pre-loaded against the ratchet toothing and engages with the latter when the input mobile (1) rotates in said second direction of rotation (B) in such a way that in this case a blocking directed in one direction of rotation of the at least one planetary wheel (2.2.1, 2.2.2, 2.2.3) and / or the output mobile (3) is realised, while the pawl can jump over the ratchet toothing when the input mobile (1) rotates in the first direction of rotation (A), thus allowing in this case rotation of the at least one planetary wheel (2.2.1, 2.2.2, 2.2.3) and the output mobile (3).

5. Device according to the preceding claim, characterised by the fact that the at least one second pawl arm (2.6.1, 2.6.2, 2.6.3) is mounted to the planetary wheel carrier (2.1, 2.4) and the at least one second ratchet wheel (3.3) is mounted to the output mobile (3) and / or to the at least one planetary wheel (2.2.1, 2.2.2, 2.2.3), or vice versa, and / or the at least one second ratchet arm (2.6.1, 2.6.2, 2.6.3) is attached to a bridge or a plate (4), which preferably carries the device, and the at least one second ratchet wheel (3.3) is attached to the output mobile (3), or vice versa.

6. Device according to one of the preceding claims 2 to 5, characterised by the fact that the first and / or second pawl arms are integral with the planetary wheel carrier (2.1, 2.4) or with a component of the planetary wheel carrier.

7. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised by the fact that said input mobile (1) has a wheel rim (1.2) which comprises a first input mobile toothing lying on the inner wall of the wheel rim (1.2) in the form of an internal toothing (1.2.1) which meshes with a first toothing of the at least one planetary wheel (2.2.1, 2.2.2, 2.2.3), and a second input mobile toothing lying on the outer wall of the wheel rim (1.2) in the form of an external toothing (1.2.2) which is adapted for being kinematically connected to an energy source, a drive, a control element or a gear train of the watch.

8. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised by the fact that said output mobile (3) comprises an output wheel (3.1) fixedly mounted to a shaft (3.2), the output wheel (3.1) having a first output mobile toothing in the form of an external toothing (3.1.1), which meshes with a second toothing of the at least one planetary wheel (2.2.1, 2.2.2, 2.2.3), and the shaft (3.2) having a second output mobile toothing lying at one end of the shaft (3.2) in the form of an output pinion (3.4) which is adapted for being kinematically connected to a gear train, a drive element, a display element or a component of the watch.

9. Device according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 6, characterised by the fact that said input mobile (1) comprises an input wheel (3.1) fixedly mounted to a shaft (3.2), the input wheel (3.1) having a first input mobile toothing in the form of an external toothing (3.1.1) which meshes with a second toothing of the at least one planetary wheel (2.2.1, 2.2.2, 2.2.3), and the shaft (3.2) having a second input mobile toothing lying at one end of the shaft (3.2) in the form of an input pinion (3.4) which is adapted for being kinematically connected to an energy source, a drive, a control element or a gear train of the watch.

10. Device according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 6 or 9, characterised by the fact that said output mobile (3) has a wheel rim (1.2) which comprises a first output mobile toothing lying on the inner wall of the wheel rim (1.2) in the form of an internal toothing (1.2.1) which meshes with a first toothing of the at least one planetary wheel (2.2.1, 2.2.2, 2.2.3), and a second output mobile toothing lying on the outer wall of the wheel rim (1.2) in the form of an external toothing (1.2.2) which is adapted for being kinematically connected to a gear train, a drive element, a display element or a component of the watch.

11. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised by the fact that the transmission ratio between the input mobile (1) and the at least one planetary wheel (2.2.1, 2.2.2, 2.2.3) as well as between the at least one planetary wheel (2.2.1, 2.2.2, 2.2.3) and the output mobile (1) is in each case selected such that the transmission ratio of the entire planetary gear is equal to 1.

12. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised by the fact that the input mobile (1), the planetary wheel carrier (2.1, 2.4) or one or more components of the planetary wheel carrier (2.1, 2.4), the at least one planetary wheel (2.2.1, 2.2.2, 2.2.3), the output mobile (3) and / or a bridge or a plate (4), which preferably carries the device, or one or more components of this bridge or plate (4.1, 4.2) is in each case a monolithic component and is produced by means of a manufacturing process selected from the group of LiGA processes (lithography, galvanisation and moulding), DRIE processes (deep reactive ion etching) or 3D printing processes.

13. Automatic winding device for use in watches, in particular for use in a wristwatch with a mechanical drive, the device comprising a pivotably mounted oscillating weight, characterised by the fact that the automatic winding device comprises a reverser device according to one of the preceding claims, the oscillating weight being in kinematic connection with the input mobile (1) of the reverser device.

14. Watch comprising a mechanical drive with a drive spring mounted in a barrel and chargeable by means of a winding wheel, characterised by the fact that the watch has a reverser device according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 12 or an automatic winding device according to the preceding claim, wherein the output mobile (3) of the reverser device is in kinematic connection with the winding wheel such as to allow for automatic winding of the drive spring.

15. Watch, characterised by the fact that the watch comprises a reverser device according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 12, the input mobile (1) of the reverser device being in kinematic connection with an energy source, a drive, a control element or a gear train of the watch and the output mobile (3) of the reverser device being in kinematic connection with a gear train, a drive element, a display element or a component of the watch, the reverser device serving to rectify the direction of rotation of a drive, a control element, a gear train and / or a display element.