DEVICE AND METHOD FOR SUPPLYING ELECTRICITY TO DEVICES IN MEDICAL FACILITIES

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a device and a method for the safe power supply of devices in medical facilities of application group 2 according to DIN VDE 0100-710:2012-10, in particular for use in medical practices and medical care centers (MVZ), via two independent supply lines, consisting of a mains connection and a battery system.

[0002] Medical procedures are increasingly being performed not only in hospitals but also in medical care centers (MVZs) or doctors' offices. This results in the same and specific requirements and regulations for the power supply in all medical and technical facilities to protect the lives and safety of patients and healthcare professionals. In the event of a general power outage, medical-technical equipment in application group 2, namely operating rooms and intensive care units, must be operated via an emergency power supply (ESS). Unlike other groups, the electrical system must not be shut down in the event of a ground fault, a short circuit to earth, or a power outage. In particular, DIN VDE 0100-710:2012-10 / IEC 60364-7-710:2021-05 must be observed.

[0003] To meet these requirements, medical practices and medical care centers (MVZs) would normally require two independent power supply lines for a reliable power supply. In the event of a fault on one power supply line, a switch automatically switches to the second power supply line. Since the use of a second power supply is usually not feasible for medical practices, a battery-backed emergency power supply (BSV) is used. This system consists of a mains connection and a battery-backed power supply unit for both AC and DC voltage. This unit provides a reliable AC power supply for therapy devices, measuring and analysis equipment, and power tools via an isolation transformer and a 400 V / 230 V AC or 230 V / 230 V DC IT network, along with additional insulation monitoring for fault detection.

[0004] The disadvantage of these state-of-the-art systems is: 1) Under normal operating conditions, the power supply is provided via DC and AC inverters, and under fault conditions via the mains connection. This results in high losses during operation, increased failure risks, and greater wear and tear (reduced service life) of the electronic components. The mains supply may be faulty at the time of the switching request. In this case, the ATSD would switch directly to the mains: this would involve considering two simultaneous faults, requiring single-fault safety. 2) The use of an electronic switching device (EUE / ATSD) is prohibited for operating rooms of application group 2 according to DIN VDE 0100-710:2012-10, section 537.6, and DIN VDE 558-507:2008-12, section 3.10. For these rooms, an automatic switching device (ATSE) with safe isolation must be used in accordance with the aforementioned standard.3) The power loss is high for both AC and DC voltages due to the multiple inverters and rectifiers used for both voltages during normal and emergency operation. 4) The AC voltage switching is performed via electronic switching devices that do not comply with the requirements and regulations for medical network switching with three switching positions and an additional "Off" position. Reliable isolation is not ensured because semiconductor components are used (also specified in DIN VDE 0100-710, section 537.6 and DIN VDE 558-507, section 3.10). 5) The emergency power supply (EPS) must be switched off when a device replacement is necessary. There is no external bypass for 230 V to bypass the EPS system. 6) The use of toroidal transformers is disadvantageous because their high inrush current results in increased risks and system costs.7) The output power of 2.5 kVA for AC and 200 watts per output for DC is not expandable. 8) The double electrical and mechanical interlock of the switching devices is not present, thus creating a further risk of potential switching errors. 9) There is no monitoring of the IT transformer for overload and overtemperature (mandatory for operation in operating rooms, application group 2 according to DIN VDE 0100-710 / IEC 60364-7-710). 10) The automatic transfer device (ADD), standard term ATSD, is designed for uninterruptible switching. An ATSD-type transfer device does not meet the criteria for switching in medical areas as defined in DIN VDE 0100-710 (see DIN VDE 558-507, section 3.10 in section 536), which are used for reliable isolation. DIN VDE 0100-537:2018-06 describes reliable separation as follows: "...that semiconductors must not be used for separation..." (cf. DIN VDE 0100-530 section 537.2.2).

[0005] To ensure high availability and operational reliability of the electrical power supply and to prevent electric shock to patients, devices with alternating current use an ungrounded power supply system, also known as an isolated network (Isole Terre - IT) or IT network. In this type of power supply system, the active parts of the IT network are either isolated from earth potential or connected to earth via a high-impedance conductor. The enclosures (conductive housings) of the devices connected to the IT network are individually or collectively connected to earth potential (grounded) via a protective conductor.In the event of a power failure, switching is carried out via a medical network switch in accordance with the standards DIN VDE 0100-710:2012-10 / IEC 60364-7-710:2021-05 and DIN VDE 0100-534:2016-10 / IEC 60364-5-53:2019-02 and DIN VDE 0100-540:2012-06 / IEC 60364-5-54:2011-03 with robust load break switch contacts with reliable isolation, mechanical and electrical interlocking and monitoring of the switching position as well as a switching time of less than or equal to 0.5 seconds (class 0.5) via the switching position "Off".

[0006] The operating lights are powered by extra-low voltage. The battery capacity is project-specific, depending on the required operating time of the operating lights. Uninterruptible power supplies (UPS) for use in IT systems do not comply with regulations for medical equipment and may not be used in medical practices or outpatient clinics.

[0007] In accordance with current best practices, medical practices and medical centers use separate and independent battery-backed power supplies (BSV) (230 V AC) with mains connection, independent battery and rectifier system, mains switching via battery system, and additional bypass switches for maintenance purposes to ensure a reliable 230 V AC supply for surgical equipment. The components of the battery-backed power supply BSV (1) (230 V AC) for AC voltage each have a separate battery and bypass switches for maintenance and are housed in a self-contained enclosure.

[0008] Operating lights in medical practices are currently powered by a dedicated 24V DC battery power supply using PELV (Protective Extra Low Voltage) protection. This independent battery power supply (BSV) (24V DC) includes a rectifier, battery, and DC-DC converter for each operating light. This converter adapts the battery voltage to the operating voltage of the operating lights and compensates for voltage drops in the supply lines. In the event of a power failure, the battery is discharged. All components of the BSV (24V DC) battery power supply are housed in a self-contained enclosure. A disadvantage of this design is the significant space requirement of two separate BSV units, each with its own battery system.

[0009] ESA Elektroschaltanlagen Grimma GmbH describes such a solution with two separate AC and DC power supply systems for medical practices in their publication "The complete power supply for medically used areas with the HospEC control system" (https: / / www.esa-grimma.de / wp-content / uploads / 2017 / 03 / HospEC_Technik_web_de.pdf). One system supplies the sockets via a battery-backed power supply (BSV (1) - 230 V AC), while a second system supplies the operating lights via a battery-backed power supply (BSV - 24 V DC), in accordance with current best practices. In principle, two separate power supply lines can be used in accordance with recognized engineering standards (DIN VDE 0558-507:2008-12).Contrary to the illustration, a single mains power supply connection for the battery-backed power supply BSV (1) (230 V AC) is compliant with the standards. With two mains power supplies, there is an alternative mains power supply and a preferred mains power supply. The decisive factor is the requirement for two separate battery systems, each with its own rectifier and battery. The connected batteries are charged via rectifiers when mains voltage is present. If the voltage at the rectifier input fails, the battery is discharged. The battery voltage is converted to AC voltage via inverters and switched to an IT mains transformer via a medical network transfer switch.

[0010] A disadvantage of the current state of technology for use in doctors' offices and medical care centers is: High space and cost requirements for both systems, each with its own separate battery and rectifier system; no redundancy of the entire power supply; in case of equipment malfunctions, operational interruptions are necessary to rectify them; high effort is required for project-specific expansions of the systems when higher performance is required.

[0011] Furthermore, an AC / DC emergency power supply network for buildings is known from DE 10 2011 009 457 A1. Under normal operating conditions, a connected DC network is supplied via a single bidirectional inverter. In the event of a power supply failure, AC consumers can be supplied via the reverse operation of the inverter using the battery system. This technical solution appears to be suitable for normal buildings, but has serious disadvantages for use in medical practices and medical centers: There is no mechanical and / or electrical interlocking of the switches, which can lead to errors during switching operations. For example, short circuits could occur due to an incorrect switching sequence. The described system is not designed for layperson operation; that is, in the event of a component failure, a qualified electrician must be called in, who, unlike in hospitals or larger buildings, is not permanently on-site. There is no redundancy of the individual operationally critical system components such as rectifiers, inverters, and converters. This state of the art is limited to a single DC power supply system or voltage level and therefore does not provide a supply for different DC loads, e.g., 5 V, 24 V, 60 V. Consequently, there is also a limitation on cable lengths based on voltage drop.There is no continuous monitoring of critical system components such as rectifiers, batteries, inverters, and converters. There is no continuous monitoring of AC and DC loads for faults and warning messages. There are no comprehensive bypass circuits that would allow individual DC system components, such as the battery system or converters, to be switched off for maintenance. There is no option to feed power from an additional DC voltage source, such as a solar array, which could also supply power to the battery system via a bidirectional inverter during a prolonged power outage.

[0012] Furthermore, battery-backed power supply systems (BSV) for supplying operating lights with DC voltage and sockets with AC voltage for hospitals, medical practices, and medical care centers (MVZs) are known from the company RSV-Ruhstadt (source: Elektropraktiker (2006) 12 pages 10-20). These space-saving systems consist of a central mains connection and a battery system comprising a first rectifier, a battery, an inverter, and an electronic switching device (referred to as EUE or ATSD). These supply the sockets with AC voltage via an inverter and the operating lights with DC voltage via a second rectifier using an IT network formed by a toroidal transformer.

[0013] According to the product information from RSV-Ruhstrat Stromversorgungen GmbH, the BSV unit for powering medical practices and medical centers consists of a mains connection and a battery system with a DC / AC inverter and an electronic transfer switch (EUE / ATSD) for switching over in case of a mains power failure. The battery is connected to the mains connection via a rectifier and to the first contact of the electronic transfer switch via an inverter. The mains connection is also directly connected to the second contact of the electronic transfer switch, and both contacts of the electronic transfer switch are connected in parallel on the output side, supplying a feeder line. This feeder line is connected, on the one hand, to the IT network toroidal transformer for supplying power to the sockets and, on the other hand, via additional rectifiers that provide low voltage for the operating lights.The electronic switching device always prioritizes line 1, so that the downstream toroidal transformer is powered via rectifiers and inverters, and the operating lights via these and an additional rectifier. Under normal, undisturbed operation, the entire power supply is provided via line 1. When the power supply switching to line 1 is activated at low voltage, the switchover occurs via voltage monitors from line 1 to line 2 using the electronic switches of the switching device directly based on their conducting or non-conducting states, without any mechanical interlocking of the switching states of either electronic switch.

[0014] Consequently, there is a need for a battery-backed power supply system (BSV) for medical facilities, especially for doctors' offices and medical care centers (MVZs), in compliance with the requirement of DIN VDE 0100-710 .560: "The power supply for safety purposes must automatically take over operation if the voltage of one or more live conductors at the building's main distribution board drops to less than 90% of the nominal voltage." The battery-backed power supply system must therefore perform the following tasks: > Priority operation via mains connection and general power supply (AV) as well as backup operation via emergency power supply (SV) via battery system, > Standards-compliant design in accordance with applicable standards for hospitals, > Minimal power loss of the entire BSV with standards-compliant medical network switching according to DIN EN 60947-6-1:2014-09 with the following requirements: medical network switching with three-stage safety-related switching via "OFF", electrical and mechanical interlocking of the switching devices of the medical network switching, short-circuit proof switching contacts, manual and automatic switching, > Modular design for easy maintenance and expansion of the entire system on site if required, e.g., for longer operating times of the operating lights, > High operational reliability, i.e., replacement of defective devices during operation without shutdown and without interruption of operation, > Fault tolerance without interruption of operation, i.e.,h. Simple on-site expansion as needed without project-specific modifications to the existing system, > Single-fault tolerance of the entire system, consisting of BSV (Battery Safety Device) and transfer unit and IT network, > Combination of 230 V AC BSV system, 24 V DC BSV system, transfer unit for medically used areas, insulation monitoring, > Individual circuit fault detection for each 230 V output and each 24 V DC output; when an insulation fault occurs in the system, the defective output circuit is detected and reported, > Standards-compliant battery system for 230 V AC and 24 V DC consumers.

[0015] In view of the disadvantages of the prior art, the present invention is based on the objective of providing a device for supplying power to equipment in medical facilities and of specifying a corresponding method for supplying power to equipment in medical facilities which overcomes these disadvantages.

[0016] This problem is solved in a first aspect of the present invention by a device for battery-supported power supply of devices with alternating current AC and direct current DC for medical facilities according to claim 1.

[0017] The medical facilities in question are specifically Group 2 medical facilities, defined according to the normative standard DIN VDE 0100-710:2012-10. The definition of Group 2, section 710.3.7, is: "A medically used area where components are used for: - intracardiac procedures or - vital treatments and surgical operations, where an interruption (fault) in the power supply could pose a risk to life."

[0018] The term "operating lights (14)" is used within the scope of the present invention as a typical example representing DC loads (direct current loads) and does not limit the invention to them. Other typical DC loads include, among others, operating table controls, communication devices such as intercom systems or charging stations for DECT phones, and charging stations for surgical instruments such as drills.

[0019] A preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention for battery-backed power supply provides that, in order to ensure redundancy and avoid operational disruptions, the manual bypass (35) for completely electrically disconnecting the IT network (7) from the battery system (46) for maintenance purposes is arranged in the IT system distributor (54).

[0020] To avoid complete operational disruptions, it has proven advantageous if all circuits are equipped with a separate fuse and switching element (56), whereby in the event of a fault, such as a short circuit in one circuit, only that circuit is affected and the others remain undisturbed.

[0021] Furthermore, to avoid operational disruptions, it has proven advantageous if all circuits with DC voltage are permanently monitored by separate insulation monitoring (8) and monitoring device (57) via notification.

[0022] In another embodiment, the device according to the invention can be secured against incorrect operation of the switching devices, such as the medical network switching (12), the manual bypass (35), the electronic bypass, and all switchgear that can be operated by laypersons, by mechanical and / or electronic interlocks to prevent operational disruptions caused by incorrect operation of the switching devices, such as the medical network switching (12), the manual bypass (35), the electronic bypass, and all switching devices that can be operated by laypersons.

[0023] To avoid operational disruptions due to age-related wear and tear, it is preferred according to the invention if all operationally important system components electronic switching device EUE (4), inverter (9), rectifier (49), battery (18), converter (11) can be permanently monitored by integrated monitoring devices and notification.

[0024] Furthermore, it has proven advantageous if the battery system (46) contains racks for fitting inverters (11) of different output voltage levels and these are each connected to expansion rack inverters (62) and / or safety rack inverters (63), so that in the event of a device failure there is a redundancy n+1.

[0025] In one embodiment of the invention, the AC / DC rectifiers (49) and / or the DC / AC inverters (9) and / or the DC / DC converters (11) can be designed as tool-free plug-in devices. This ensures that, in the event of a malfunction during operation, these components can be replaced by non-electrical personnel without interrupting operation.

[0026] In a further development of this special embodiment, it is provided that at least one converter (11) can be used bidirectionally and that an additional DC voltage source can be connected via this converter, which ensures sufficient charging of the battery (18) in the case of supplying the consumers (14) and the sockets (15) via the battery.

[0027] In a further development of the device according to the invention, at least one expansion rack rectifier (32) and / or at least one safety rack rectifier (34) is connected between the mains connection (6) and the safety power supply SV (22) of the battery system (46), and / or at least one expansion rack inverter (31) and / or at least one safety rack inverter (33) is connected between the safety power supply SV (22) and the output inverter (9) of the battery system (46).

[0028] According to the invention, a manual bypass (35) is connected between the second load break switch (40) of the medical network switching (12) and the general power supply AV (21), and a further input of the same is connected to an electronic bypass (19), which is connected on the input side to the general power supply AV (21) and via inverters (9) to the safety power supply SV (22).

[0029] Another embodiment of the device according to the invention provides that the battery system (46) contains racks for mounting rectifiers (49) and inverters (9) and that these are connected to expansion racks rectifiers (32), expansion racks inverters (31), safety racks rectifiers (34) and safety racks inverters (33), so that in the event of a device malfunction there is a redundancy n+1.

[0030] The aforementioned problem is solved in a second aspect of the present invention by a method for battery-supported power supply of devices with alternating current AC and direct current DC for medical facilities according to claim 10.

[0031] The medical facilities in question are primarily Group 2 medical facilities, as defined above.

[0032] A further development of the method according to the invention provides that operating lights (14) are supplied with current or voltage via the safety power supply SV (22) and converter (11) with DC voltage in the case of undisturbed and disturbed mains connection (6).

[0033] In a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, sockets (15) are supplied with alternating voltage in the event of a faulty mains connection (6) via a manual bypass (35) and / or an electronic bypass (19) via the second load break switch (40) of the medical mains switching (12) and isolating transformer (5).

[0034] Another further development of the method according to the invention relates to the fact that, in the event of a faulty mains connection (6), the power supply for sockets is automatically switched from mains connection (6) to battery system (46) via an electronic bypass (19).

[0035] Another preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention provides that additional or fault-free AC / DC rectifiers (9) and / or inverters (9) for expansions and safety in case of device malfunction are inserted into at least one pre-wired reserve space (rack) (32, 34, 31, 33) by means of tool-free replacement of the rectifiers (49) and / or inverters (9) during operation without interruption of operation.

[0036] The method according to the invention may preferably further provide insulation monitoring (8) for each circuit and each socket (15) as well as the operating lights (14).

[0037] According to an unclaimed embodiment, the method according to the invention can further provide an additional energy supply via a bidirectionally usable converter (11) by means of a DC voltage source connected thereto, which ensures the voltage supply as an alternative to the battery (18). This voltage supply can be operated alone or in combination with the battery (18).

[0038] Finally, another unclaimed further development of the method according to the invention relates to the provision of further electronic monitoring of all safety elements for the battery system (46) and notification of the triggering of a safety device via signaling contacts and / or digital messages to the user.

[0039] Further objectives, features, advantages, and applications will become apparent from the following description of exemplary embodiments, which do not limit the invention, with reference to the figures. All features described and / or illustrated, individually or in any combination, constitute the subject matter of the invention, even independently of their compilation in the claims or their cross-references. The figures show: Fig. 1: A block diagram of a power supply for therapy devices and operating lights in hospitals according to the prior art (Source: ESA Grimma), Fig. 2: A block diagram of a battery-backed power supply for therapy devices and operating lights in a doctor's office according to the prior art, Fig. 3: A block diagram of a battery-backed power supply BSV (1) for therapy devices and operating lights in a doctor's office with a battery according to the prior art (Source: RSV-Ruhstadt), Fig. 4: A block diagram of the battery-backed power supply BSV (1) according to the invention for therapy devices and operating lights in a doctor's office and medical center according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 4The block diagram shown is of the battery-backed power supply BSV (1) according to the invention in a preferred embodiment, Fig. 5: an extended block diagram of the battery-backed power supply BSV (1) according to the invention for therapy devices and operating lights in medical practices and medical centers with all protective functions, and Fig. 5adas in Fig. 5 Block diagram of the battery-supported power supply BSV (1) according to the invention in a preferred embodiment.

[0040] A particularly preferred embodiment, which does not limit the present invention, relates to a device for the safe power supply of equipment in medical facilities, comprising a battery system with a battery system for 230 V AC and 24 V DC consumers, a switching device (ATSE) and an IT network.

[0041] For rooms in Group 2 of medical facilities, two independent power supplies for the switching device with a downstream IT network are mandatory. In hospitals, this is achieved through two independent 20 kV power supplies or through a 20 kV power supply and an emergency generator. The present invention, however, provides the emergency power supply itself using a battery system. Many medical practices, outpatient surgeons, ophthalmologists, etc., only have the standard general power supply, as provided in buildings such as apartment buildings.

[0042] The present device according to the invention was developed for this target group, which ensures the same level of safety as in a clinic, but provides a different implementation: a safe separation of the general power supply (AV) and emergency power supply (SV) networks by means of a switching device (ATSE) with load break switches, active monitoring of all possible fault sources, resulting in a 1-fault safe design of the switching device with IT network and battery system, which must be detected and reported simultaneously, active insulation monitoring (8) of all connected 230 V AC and 24 V DC loads

[0043] The "one-fault" design means that a fault of any kind will not lead to a failure of the system or to a dangerous situation for the patient or the person being treated.

[0044] The same reference symbols name the same elements in the figures; however, for the sake of clarity, not all reference symbols are shown in all figures.

[0045] In Figure 1The basic power supply for a hospital, in accordance with the state of the art, is shown, including sockets and operating lights for operating rooms of application group 2, meeting current safety requirements. According to the standard DIN VDE 0100-710, medical rooms with varying requirements are classified into three categories. For rooms in application group 2, a continuous low-voltage power supply is required for invasive medical operations to prevent life-threatening risks to the patient in the event of equipment failure. Therefore, in addition to the general power supply AV (21) connected to the public grid (6), a safe power supply SV (22), for example with a generator G (17), is required. Under normal operating conditions, the general power supply AV (21) and the safe power supply SV (22) are connected via a coupling switch AV+SV (not shown).In the event of a fault in the public grid, the AV+SV coupling switch opens automatically, and the supply of the safe power supply SV (22) is restored, for example via a generator, within 15 seconds. During this time, the 230 V AC loads are not supplied. An automatic network transfer switch ATSE (12) switches from the safe power supply SV (22) to the general power supply AV (21) in the event of a fault in the safe power supply SV (22). An isolation transformer (5) generates an IT network (7) with AC voltage for the sockets (15), and a rectifier (10) and battery (41) generate the DC voltage (28) for the operating lights (14). The operating lights (14) must not be interrupted at any time. In the event of a failure of the general power supply (21), the operating lights (14) are powered by the DC voltage battery system (45).The operating time depends primarily on the battery size (41) and the power output of the operating lights (14). The additional insulation monitoring (8) is not shown.

[0046] Figure 2This shows the basic power supply for a medical practice, in accordance with current technology and meeting the same safety requirements as a hospital. In addition to the general power supply AV (21) connected to the public grid (6), a first battery-backed power supply BSV (1) 230 V with rectifier (10), battery (41), and inverter (9) with automatic mains switching ATSE (12) for AC voltage is connected to the sockets (15). A second battery-backed power supply BSV (2) 24 V with rectifier (43) and battery (42) for DC voltage (28) for the operating lights (14) is provided instead of a generator. The additional insulation monitoring (8) is not shown.

[0047] Figure 2demonstrates the construction of a battery-supported power supply BSV (1) 230 V AC for AC sockets and the construction of a battery-supported power supply BSV (2) 24 V DC for DC operating lights according to the state of the art without details of the additionally required protective and monitoring devices, such as e.g.

[0048] Insulation monitoring, fuses, and circuit breakers. In principle, two separate power supply lines can exist according to recognized engineering standards (DIN VDE 0558-507). However, contrary to the illustration, a single power supply line via mains connection (6) for the battery-backed power supply BSV (1) (230 V AC) for alternating current conforms to the standard. With two power supply lines, there is an alternative power supply line and a preferred power supply line. The preferred power supply line is typically connected to the rectifier of the battery system for alternating current (44) via a switching element. The rectifier (10) charges the connected batteries (41). If the voltage at the input of the rectifier (10) fails, the battery (41) is discharged. The voltage of the battery (41) is converted to an alternating current via an inverter (9).The output of the inverter (9) is connected to the medical network switching (12) via the emergency power supply SV and via the general power supply AV.

[0049] The second battery-backed power supply, BSV (24 V DC), for the operating lights, is designed according to the current state of the art. Similarly, up to two feed lines can be used here as well, in accordance with recognized engineering standards. Figure 2A power supply line is provided via a mains connection (6), which may feed a rectifier (43) via a separate isolation transformer. The rectifier (43) charges the connected secondary batteries (42). If the voltage at the input of the rectifier (43) fails, the secondary battery (42) is discharged. The voltage of the secondary battery (42) is converted to the respective operating voltage of the operating light via an adjustable DC / DC converter (51). The output of the adjustable DC / DC converter (51) then powers an operating light (14).

[0050] Figure 3Figure 1 shows the basic block diagram for a power supply for medical practices, according to the product information from RSV-Ruhstrat, type R-BSV Ultimate-Kombi, in a space-saving design with one battery (18) and uninterruptible switching via an electronic transfer switch (EUE) (4) using electronic changeover switches (13). A key feature is that the preferred power supply is via the first line (36) from the backup power supply of the battery system (46), and the general power supply is provided via the second line (37) from the mains connection (6) when the mains connection (6) is functioning normally. In the event of a fault in the preferred power supply, the power supply is provided via a static bypass, which is implemented as an electronic transfer switch (EUE) (4) and is internationally designated as an ATSD (Automatic Transfer-Switching-Device).

[0051] The electronic switching device EUE (4) has a first electronic switch (13) connected to the output of a DC / AC inverter (9) of the battery system (46), and a second electronic switch (47) connected to the mains connection (6). The battery system (46) consists of a first AC / DC rectifier (10), a battery (18), and a DC / AC inverter (9) for power supply via the first line (36), and a second line (37) running in parallel between the mains connection (6) and the second electronic switch (47) of the electronic switching device EUE (4). The outputs of the electronic switching device EUE (4) are connected in parallel and supply, via a toroidal transformer (27), an IT network (7) with 230 V AC for sockets (15) and for operating lights (14) via a second rectifier (50) with DC.

[0052] Figure 4The block diagram shows a secure power supply for medical practices and medical care centers according to the present invention with a mains connection (6) and a battery system (46) in modular design of power and control, consisting of a BSV basic distributor (24) and a BSV extension distributor (25).

[0053] The BSV main distribution board (24) essentially consists of the medical switching device (12) with control and monitoring unit (29) and first load break switch (39) and second load break switch (40), which ensure reliable isolation, as well as the IT network transformer (5) and the battery system (46). A manual bypass (35) allows the battery system (46) to be completely bypassed for maintenance purposes. The battery system (46) consists of three-phase, modular rectifier modules (49), a redundant rectifier module (32), and two spare positions (34) for additional rectifier modules. The emergency power supply (22), which is protected by the battery (18) and can be expanded with an additional battery (30) in an expansion cabinet (25) as required, is supplied via the rectifier modules (49).The emergency power supply feeds the inverter (9) for the 230 V AC loads (15) and the DC / DC converters (11) for the operating lights (14). The inverter and DC / DC converter can be bypassed without interruption via an internal (static) bypass with automatic switch ATSD (19).

[0054] Characteristically, the preferred feed-in from the general power supply AV (21) via the mains connection (6) and the safety power supply SV (22) from the battery system (46) is in accordance with regulation 0100-710 / IEC 60364-7-710.

[0055] The rectifier modules (32) are designed as an n+1 system. This means that even if one rectifier fails, full system availability is still guaranteed. The fault in a rectifier module (49) is detected and reported.

[0056] The inverter (9), the expansion rack inverter (31), and the safety rack inverter (33) are connected to the second load break switch (40) via the static bypass of the BSV (19). The mains connection (6) is also connected to the manual bypass (35) of the BSV, allowing the AC supply to be switched via the manual bypass (35) of the BSV in the event of a battery system malfunction or for maintenance.

[0057] The medical network switching device (12) automatically switches between the general power supply AV (21) and the emergency power supply SV (22) according to hospital regulations, depending on the voltages. Under normal operating conditions (6), the system operates via the internal bypass (19) to the manual bypass (35) and then to the second line (37). This ensures that the isolation transformer (5), the IT network (7), and the socket (15) are supplied with AC voltage directly from the mains connection (6) and are only supplied from the emergency power supply (22) via the inverter (9) in the event of a mains failure. Under normal operating conditions, the emergency power supply SV (22) is supplied with DC voltage from the rectifiers (49). The DC / DC converter (11) adjusts the DC voltage to the operating voltage for the operating lights (14).

[0058] In the event of a fault in the internal bypass (19), the control of the medical network switching (29) first switches off the second load break switch (40) and the first load break switch (39) is automatically switched on within 500 ms via the switching position "Off" in electrical and mechanical interlock not shown.

[0059] All safety-relevant devices are actively monitored. This includes, among other things, all safety elements, switches (39, 40), voltages (6, 36, 37), DC and AC inverters (9, 49), control units (12), IT network transformer (5), display, and communication modules. In the event of a failure or malfunction, the source of the fault is identified, and a safe state of the system is automatically restored. The system status is diagnosed and immediately communicated to the user. The complete system, consisting of the BSV main distribution board (24), medical switching device (12), IT network (7), and battery system (46), is designed with a single-fault safety capability. If a fault occurs, the system can continue to operate safely. This allows ongoing operations or treatments to be completed without endangering the safety of the patient or the healthcare professional. Targeted diagnostics significantly reduce the time required for troubleshooting.This leads to a fast and targeted repair option.

[0060] The monitoring devices required for safety reasons, such as insulation monitoring (8) and fuses, are not shown.

[0061] To increase safety and availability, reserve rectifier slots are provided in the form of rectifier expansion racks (32). These allow, for example, for increasing the power output due to the extended operating light duration from 1 hour to 3 hours, and for connecting a separate BSV expansion distributor (25) for the local connection of an expansion battery (30). The AC / DC rectifier module consists of a base rack and modular modules, as well as an additional single-pole safety rack inverter (33). The safety rack inverter (33) is pre-wired, thus providing connections to voltage, current, and communication lines. The complete electronics and communication modules are housed in the module. These modules can be replaced by non-technical personnel without tools. Parameter settings are configured via internal logic processing.If an electronic component fails during operation, an equivalent component can be quickly inserted, thus preventing shutdowns, interruptions of operations, and endangering the patient and the treating person.

[0062] A display unit is integrated into the door of the BSV system (24). This unit provides information about the current status of the BSV system. During normal operation, the current flow, power, and status are displayed. Upon the first fault, the status indicator turns yellow and a warning message is shown on the display. In the event of system malfunctions, the status indicator turns red and an error message is displayed.

[0063] In Figure 4a is an advantageous further education in Figure 4The safe power supply according to the present invention is shown in a block diagram. This further development essentially includes the monitoring device 57. This monitoring device 57 monitors all relevant components of the system, reports in the event of a fault, and takes emergency measures such as switching to backup components.

[0064] Figure 5Figure 1 shows the schematic structure of a three-phase battery-supported power supply system BSV 230 V AC / 24 V DC according to the invention for three-phase connection in decentralized design with individual switch cabinets for the battery-supported power supply BSV (1) 230 V AC and battery-supported power supply BSV (2) 24 V DC in the basic version without sockets and operating lights and without expansion racks and without safety racks with the required safety elements (59) and monitoring devices (57), wherein a reduction or increase of individual devices such as rectifiers, inverters and fuse and switching devices as well as monitoring devices does not affect the operating principle of the overall construction to be protected.

[0065] In Figure 5 For example, three control cabinets or enclosures are shown. Firstly, it shows Figure 5the house connection box (52). This is usually already present on the building and is connected to the mains supply line (6) and equipped with the necessary fuses (56). This installation is standard in every building. Examples are in the Figure 5 Two DC / DC converters (11) are shown. Measures are necessary to ensure that a malfunction in one part of the system, e.g., the inverter (9), has no effect on the other part, e.g., the DC / DC converter (11). For these measures, the safety and switching elements (56, 59) are arranged as shown in the diagram. Figure 5necessary. An expansion of the system with additional DC / DC converters (11) or inverters (9), or a deviation from the arrangement, is also possible. These safety and switching elements prevent, for example, an unacceptable voltage drop for the parallel-connected elements for a duration t ≥ 0.5 s due to a short circuit. Furthermore, the normative requirements stipulate that a separate and manually switchable manual bypass switch (35) must be provided in an external housing. For space optimization, this external manual bypass switch (35), which is required by the norm for the complete disconnection of the BSV, is integrated into the battery-backed power supply BSV (1) 230 V AC, thus eliminating the need for the additional distribution cabinet.Furthermore, by assigning a battery-backed power supply BSV (2) 24 V DC to a battery-backed power supply BSV (1) 230 V AC, while controlling the short-circuit and overload conditions in the output cable of the inverter, the output fuse at the output of the inverter can be dispensed with if the combination of these two distributors is placed in a row next to each other.

[0066] In Figure 5a is an advantageous further education in Figure 5 The safe power supply according to the present invention is shown in a block diagram. The essential addition according to the invention relates here to the expansion rack inverter 62 and the safety rack inverter 63. An inverter is also shown as a feed via another DC voltage supply (64), e.g., a solar power system (PV system). Reference symbol list

[0067] 1 Battery-backed power supply BSV 230 V AC 2 Battery-backed power supply BSV 24 V DC 3 Battery-backed power supply system BSV 230 V AC / 24 V DC 4 Electronic switching device EUE 5 Isolation transformer 6 Mains connection 7 IT network 8 Insulation monitoring 9 DC / AC inverter 10 First AC / DC rectifier 11 DC / DC converter 12 Medical network switching 13 First electronic switch 14 Operating lights 15 Sockets 16 Preferred feed 17 Generator 18 Battery 19 Electronic bypass 20 Bypass 21 General power supply AV 22 Emergency power supply SV 23 Operating room application group 2 24 BSV main distribution board 25 BSV expansion distribution board 26 Potentiometer 27 Toroidal transformer 28 DC network 29 Medical network switching control 30 Expansion battery 31 Expansion rack inverter 32 Expansion rack rectifier 33 Safety rack inverter 34 Safety rack rectifier 35 Manual bypass 36 First line 37 Second line 38 Voltage monitor 39 First40 Load break switch 41 Second load break switch 42 First battery 43 Second AC / DC rectifier 44 AC battery system 45 DC battery system 46 Battery system 47 Second electronic changeover switch 48 Rack 49 AC / DC rectifier 50 Second rectifier 51 Second DC / DC converter 52 Main distribution box 53 Feed-in cable 54 IT system distributor 55 BSV distributor 56 Fuse and switching element 57 Monitoring device 58 Ground 59 Fuse element 60 Deep discharge protection 61 IT system distributor 62 Expansion rack converter 63 Safety rack converter 64 Additional DC power supply

Claims

1. Device for battery-supported power supply of devices with alternating current AC and direct current DC for medical facilities, comprising a battery system (46), sockets (15), operating lights (14), an isolating transformer (5), a general power supply (21), an electronic bypass (19), a manual bypass (35), a BSV main distribution board (24) and a medical mains switchover (12), wherein - the battery system (46) comprises an rectifier AC / DC (49), a safety power supply SV (22), an inverter (9), converter (11) and a battery (18), wherein the rectifier AC / DC (49) is connected to a mains connection (6) and is connected on the output side to the battery (18) via the safety power supply SV (22), - the medical mains switchover (12) comprises a first load break switch (39) and a second load break switch (40), - the sockets (15) are supplied with an AC voltage provided via an IT network (7) formed by means of an isolation transformer (5), wherein the isolation transformer (5) is connected to the safety power supply SV (22) via the second load break switch (40) of the medical mains switchover (12) and the inverter (9), - the operating lights (14) are supplied with direct current DC, wherein the direct current DC is generated on the output side by the converters (11) and the converters (11) are connected on the input side to the safety power supply SV (22), - the safety power supply SV (22) can be connected to at least one extension battery (30), wherein, in parallel with the battery system (46), the mains connection (6) is connected via the general power supply AV (21) to the first load break switch (39) of the medical mains switchover (12) and the emergency power supply SV (22) is connected via the inverter (9), the electronic bypass (19) and the manual bypass (35) to the second load break switch (40) of the medical mains switchover (12), whereby the medical mains switchover (12) is connected to the isolating transformer (5) and the alternating voltage for the sockets (15) in the IT network (7) can be generated in the BSV main distribution board (24).

2. Device according to claim 1, wherein, in order to ensure redundancy and prevent operational disruptions, the manual bypass (35) for completely disconnecting the IT network (7) from the battery system (46) for maintenance purposes is located in the IT system distributor (54).

3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, in order to prevent complete operational disruptions, all circuits are equipped with a separate fuse and switching element (56), whereby in the event of a fault, such as a short circuit in one circuit, only this circuit is affected and the others remain unaffected.

4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, in order to avoid operational disruptions, all circuits with direct voltage DC can be permanently monitored by separate insulation monitoring (8) and monitoring device (57) via notification.

5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein, in order to prevent malfunctions due to incorrect operation of the switching devices, such as the medical mains switchover (12), the manual bypass (35) and the electronic bypass, all switching devices that can be operated by laypersons are secured against incorrect operation by mechanical and / or electronic locks.

6. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein, in order to prevent operational malfunctions due to age-related wear, all operationally important system components, electronic switching device EUE (4), inverter (9), rectifier (49), battery (18), converter (11), can be permanently monitored by integrated monitoring devices and signalling.

7. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the battery system (46) contains racks for equipping with converters (11) of different output voltage levels, and these are each connected to expansion racks converters (62) and / or safety racks converters (63), so that n+1 redundancy is provided in the event of a device malfunction.

8. Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the rectifiers AC / DC (49) and / or the inverters DC / AC (9) and / or the converters DC / DC (11) are designed as tool-free plug-in devices.

9. Device according to claim 8, wherein at least one converter (11) can be used bidirectionally and an additional direct voltage source can be connected via this converter, which ensures sufficient charging of the battery (18) in the event that the consumers (14) and the sockets (15) are supplied via the battery.

10. Method for battery-supported power supply of devices with alternating voltage AC and direct voltage DC for medical facilities with a device according to one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps a) in the case of an undisturbed mains connection (6), power supply preferably via mains connection (6), which for sockets (15) with alternating voltage is provided via the general power supply AV (21), the first load break switch (39) of the medical mains switchover (12) and the isolating transformer (5) in the IT network and / or for operating lights (14) with direct voltage via rectifier (49), battery (18), safety power supply SV (22) and converter DC / DC (11), b) in the event of a faulty mains connection (6), power supply via discharge of the battery (18) and emergency power supply SV (22), which is provided for sockets (15) with alternating voltage via an inverter DC / AC (9), a second load break switch (40) of the medical mains switchover (12) and an isolating transformer (5) in the IT network, and / or for operating lights (14) with direct current voltage via converter DC / DC (11) for adjusting the direct current voltage.

11. Method according to claim 10, wherein operating lights (14) with direct voltage are supplied with current or voltage via the safety power supply SV (22) and converter (11) in the event of an undisturbed and disturbed mains connection (6).

12. Method according to claim 10 or 11, wherein sockets (15) are supplied with alternating voltage in the event of a faulty mains connection (6) via a manual bypass (35) and / or an electronic bypass (19) via the second load break switch (40) of the medical mains switchover (12) and isolation transformer (5).

13. Method according to one of claims 10 to 12, wherein, in the event of a faulty mains connection (6), the power supply for sockets is automatically switched from the mains connection (6) to the battery system (46) via the electronic bypass (19).

14. Method according to one of claims 10 to 13, wherein at least one pre-wired reserve slot (32, 34, 31, 33), additional or fault-free rectifiers AC / DC (9) and / or inverters (9) can be plugged in for expansion and safety in the event of device malfunction by means of tool-free replacement of the rectifiers (49) and / or inverters (9) during operation without interruption.

15. Method according to one of claims 10 to 14, which further provides insulation monitoring for each circuit and each socket (15) as well as the operating lights (14).