Control device for a heat pump system, method for controlling a heat pump system, heat pump system and computer program product

Abstract

The invention provides a control device 50 for controlling a heat pump system 101, wherein the heat pump system 101 comprises at least a safety housing 20, a working circuit 10 for a working medium, and a ventilation device, wherein the working circuit is at least partially arranged in an interior 21 of the safety housing 20, and the ventilation device is connected to the safety housing 20 and is configured to supply air to and / or extract air from the interior 21 of the safety housing 20, and wherein the control device 50 is coupleable with the ventilation device and is configured in a coupled state to control the ventilation device, and the control device 50 comprises a first air parameter sensor 51, 52, which is configured to detect a first air parameter in the interior 21 of the safety housing 20, and a second air parameter sensor 51, 52.which is configured to detect a second air characteristic in the interior 21 of the safety enclosure 20, wherein the control device 50 is configured to adjust the delivery rate of the ventilation device as a function of an actual value of the first air characteristic detected by the air characteristic sensor 51, 52 and an actual value of the second air characteristic detected by the second air characteristic sensor 51, 52 in the interior 21 of the safety enclosure 20.

Description

Technisches Gebiet

[0001] The present invention relates to a control device, a method for controlling a heat pump system, a heat pump system and a computer program product. Hintergrund der Erfindung

[0002] Recently, heat pump systems have been increasingly used, particularly in private households, to provide air conditioning and / or tempered domestic hot water.

[0003] The heat pump systems mentioned are thermodynamic devices that, through a connection with a heat source system, make different energy sources from the environment, for example in the form of aerothermal energy, geothermal energy or hydrothermal energy, usable for room air conditioning and / or the temperature control of domestic hot water.

[0004] For this purpose, the heat pump system acts as an interface, enabling the flow of energy or heat between the heat source system and one or more target systems, such as a heating, ventilation, or domestic hot water circuit. Depending on the direction of the heat flow, thermal energy can be supplied to or extracted from the target system, for example, to raise or lower the temperature of an energy transport medium in the heating circuit. This allows rooms to be either heated or cooled. The case in which the heat flow is directed into the target system is referred to as heating mode of the heat pump system. The reverse case, in which the heat flow is extracted from the target system, is referred to as cooling mode.The heat pump system can either be configured to allow only one of the two operating modes, or to allow switching between these operating modes, for example to cool in summer and heat in winter.

[0005] A heat pump system typically comprises a closed thermodynamic working circuit in which a working fluid circulates. At least one point in this working circuit allows heat energy to be added to the working fluid, while at least one other point allows heat energy to be extracted from the working fluid.

[0006] Hydrocarbon-based refrigerants, especially naturally occurring hydrocarbons, should preferably be used as the working fluid. These are characterized by a high efficiency in the operation of the heat pump system compared to other working fluids. An example of this is a propane-based refrigerant, especially R290 (propane).

[0007] However, the use of such typically flammable refrigerants poses certain safety risks. In particular, leaks can occur, allowing flammable refrigerant to escape from the working circuit. To prevent direct leakage into the environment surrounding the heat pump system, sealed housings are typically used, in which at least the working circuit is located.

[0008] When operating the heat pump system, it must also be ensured that in the event of a leak, the working fluid cannot accumulate excessively in the housing.

[0009] Safeguarding measures of this kind are known from the state of the art.

[0010] EP 3 712 531 A1 discloses an air-to-water heat pump system designed to ensure the operation of a left-hand thermodynamic cycle with a flammable working fluid in a closed system. For this purpose, the heat pump system comprises a preferably hermetically sealed housing with inlet and outlet pipes, as well as a fan for drawing in outside air. Zusammenfassung

[0011] One object of the present invention is to provide, starting from the prior art, an improved control concept for a heat pump system that allows for a safer and at the same time more efficient operation of the heat pump system.

[0012] To solve this problem, the control device according to claim 1, a method for controlling a heat pump system according to claim 6, a heat pump system according to claim 12 and a computer program product according to claim 14 are provided.

[0013] The respective dependent claims relate to preferred embodiments, which can each be provided individually or in combination.

[0014] According to a first aspect, a control device for controlling a heat pump system is provided. The heat pump system comprises a safety enclosure, a working circuit for a working fluid, which is at least partially located within an interior space of the safety enclosure, and a ventilation device connected to the safety enclosure and configured to supply air to and / or exhaust air from the interior space of the safety enclosure. The control device can be coupled to the ventilation device and, in a coupled state, is configured to control the ventilation device.The control device comprises a first air parameter sensor, which is configured to detect a first air parameter inside the safety enclosure, and a second air parameter sensor, which is configured to detect a second air parameter inside the safety enclosure, wherein the control device is configured to adjust the delivery rate of the ventilation device as a function of an actual value of the first air parameter detected by the first air parameter sensor and an actual value of the second air parameter detected by the second air parameter sensor inside the safety enclosure.

[0015] This provides a control device that can reliably monitor the interior of a safety enclosure using air parameter sensors and is designed to control a ventilation device of the heat pump system based on the actual values ​​recorded by the air parameter sensors.

[0016] The two air parameter sensors allow the control device to monitor the interior of the safety enclosure more effectively. In particular, this design makes it possible to weigh different requirements against each other and / or consider them simultaneously when controlling the ventilation system.

[0017] For example, leak detection can be performed as described below, while temperature control is carried out simultaneously, also as described below. For this purpose, the first air parameter sensor measures the quantity / concentration of a gas, preferably the working medium, as the first air parameter, and the second air parameter sensor measures the temperature as the second air parameter.

[0018] Since the control device is not limited to simply switching the ventilation device on or off, but can adjust the delivery rate depending on the two recorded actual values ​​of the air parameters, more flexible controls are possible.

[0019] In particular, the first and second air parameters recorded can be the same. For example, the temperature of the interior of the safety enclosure can be measured at different locations, thus improving the accuracy of the temperature measurement. In this way, an air parameter can be recorded redundantly, allowing for mutual monitoring and plausibility checks based on the recorded values.

[0020] It is also advantageous to use two gas sensors to detect the quantity / concentration of a gas at different locations inside the safety enclosure.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment, the quantity / concentration of the working medium is measured at different locations inside the safety enclosure, which, among other things, makes it possible to determine the size of a leak particularly accurately.

[0022] The aforementioned air parameters to be recorded are merely examples, and their list is not exhaustive.

[0023] A safety enclosure is defined as any enclosure of a heat pump system that contains at least part of the working circuit. In particular, such a safety enclosure may be sealed off from its surroundings to prevent the unintentional escape of gas from the interior into the environment, thus protecting the surroundings from contamination. However, this does not preclude the possibility that gas from the interior may be intentionally vented through specially provided outlets in the safety enclosure, which in this case would constitute an intentional release.

[0024] In other words, the safety enclosure can be designed in such a way that, apart from inlet and outlet openings provided for in the design, for example for introducing purge air or for extracting gas from the interior, the interior is essentially gas-tight from the environment of the safety enclosure.

[0025] Essentially gas-tight should be understood to mean that a leak, i.e., an unintentional escape of gas from the interior, may occur, but the leakage rate is preferably less than or equal to a specified limit.

[0026] Thus, a permissible leakage rate for the essentially gas-tight safety enclosure, in the case of isobutane in the interior at 20 °C and 10 bar, is less than or equal to 6.0 Pa m³ / s over 1 liter of volume, more preferably less than or equal to 4.0 Pa m³ / s over 1 liter of volume, more preferably less than or equal to 2.0 Pa m³ / s over 1 liter of volume, and in a preferred embodiment less than or equal to 10⁻⁶ Pa m³ / s (= 1.0 µPa m³ / s) over 1 liter of volume. The last-mentioned leakage rate is to be understood as a hermetically sealed safety enclosure.

[0027] The escape of working fluid from the working circuit, occurring directly at a component of the working circuit located within the interior of the safety enclosure, is hereinafter also referred to as primary escape or primary leakage. A primary leakage can also be a leakage where working fluid can enter a connected hydraulic system, from which it is returned to the safety enclosure.

[0028] In a primary leak, the working fluid escapes from the working circuit into the safety enclosure. This escape of working fluid from the ideally sealed working circuit can be caused, for example, by leaking connection components within the circuit, such as due to material fatigue, or by damage to the heat exchangers, such as frost damage.

[0029] The presented control device for controlling a heat pump system enables, for example, a very efficient removal of escaped working fluid, since a quantitative assessment can be carried out using the air parameter sensors, for example of gaseous working fluid located in the interior.

[0030] This allows the heat pump system to be operated more efficiently, for example, because if the actual value of an air parameter is relatively small, the delivery rate of the ventilation device is set low, which leads, for example, to lower electricity consumption and thus to lower operating costs and also to lower noise pollution.

[0031] If, on the other hand, a large actual value of the air parameter is detected, a correspondingly high delivery rate can be set by the control device in order to bring about, for example, a rapid change in the air parameter in the interior.

[0032] The control device thus allows for efficient, demand-dependent control of the heat pump system with regard to the condition of the air inside the safety enclosure.

[0033] The term "dependence on the recorded actual value" can be understood as any dependence that can be specified, in particular, as a mathematical function with the actual value as the input argument of the function.

[0034] The function in question can be, for example, but is not limited to, a linear or polynomial function, a step function, a rational function, etc., which may optionally include additional input arguments and parameters.

[0035] The delivery rate of the ventilation device can be adjusted, for example, by setting one or more operating parameters of the ventilation device. By way of example, and this list is not exhaustive, the control device can adjust the delivery rate of the ventilation device based on the rotational speed of at least one turbomachine of the ventilation device, by opening or closing ventilation flaps, or by changing the number of turbomachines operated in the ventilation device, if it comprises several.

[0036] Arranging the air parameter sensors inside the safety housing is advantageous in that the sensor is located in close proximity to essential components of the heat pump system.

[0037] Depending on the measured air quality parameter, changes in the interior can be detected within a very short time and, if necessary, countermeasures can be initiated. For example, the quantity of gaseous working fluid that has leaked into the interior can be measured as an air quality parameter.

[0038] Additionally or alternatively, the indoor air temperature can also be measured, which in turn can be used to keep the indoor air within a certain temperature range by controlling the ventilation device, in order to prevent, for example, overheating of the working circuit.

[0039] Additionally or alternatively, indoor humidity can also be measured, which in turn can be used to keep the indoor humidity within a certain range by controlling the ventilation system, in order to, for example, prevent corrosion of elements in the working circuit and to prevent condensation.

[0040] The provided control device thus increases the operational reliability and efficiency of the heat pump system it controls.

[0041] Preferably, the control device is configured to adjust the delivery rate, depending on the measured actual value of the first air parameter and the measured actual value of the second air parameter, to at least a first and a second delivery rate value, wherein the delivery rate of the ventilation device is not equal to zero for the first and the second delivery rate value and the delivery rate for the first delivery rate value is smaller than for the second delivery rate value.

[0042] The first and second flow rate values ​​can be adjusted to the components of the ventilation system to ensure particularly efficient operation. For example, the first flow rate value can represent a minimum value that provides a minimum level of ventilation. If the sensor detects actual air parameters requiring increased ventilation, the control device can adjust the second flow rate value accordingly.

[0043] This can, for example, guarantee a minimum level of ventilation at all times, while allowing for timely responses to changing conditions within the safety enclosure that require increased ventilation.

[0044] In a preferred embodiment, the second flow rate value can also be selected to be matched to the ventilation device. For example, a flow rate value can be selected as the second flow rate value that operates a turbomachine of the ventilation device at a particularly efficient speed, for example, its rated speed.

[0045] In a preferred embodiment, the control device is further configured to adjust the delivery rate to one or more intermediate delivery rate values ​​between the first and second delivery rate values ​​during the adjustment of the delivery rate, in particular continuously between the first and second delivery rate values.

[0046] In this case, the control device can further increase the efficiency of the ventilation system.

[0047] Setting performance values ​​that lie between a first and a second performance value allows for a more flexible and needs-oriented adjustment to the recorded actual value.

[0048] This allows the ventilation device to be operated more efficiently, for example in cases where the delivery rate for the first delivery rate value would be too low and the delivery rate for the second delivery rate value would be too high.

[0049] In a preferred embodiment of the control device, the first air parameter sensor and / or the second air parameter sensor are designed as temperature sensors, such that the first and / or second air parameter is a temperature of the air inside the safety enclosure.

[0050] In this way, the control device can ensure optimal operating conditions for the components of the heat pump system inside the safety housing.

[0051] Power electronic components, in particular, are designed to operate within a specific temperature range, or can be operated more efficiently within a specific temperature range.

[0052] By monitoring the interior of the safety enclosure with a temperature sensor and being able to control the ventilation device depending on the detected actual temperature value, and in particular to adjust the delivery rate depending on the detected actual temperature value, the control device can, for example, supply larger quantities of air from outside the safety enclosure into it in order to cool the interior.

[0053] If the temperature inside the safety enclosure drops too low, the supply of outside air can be reduced, for example. This allows the control device to avoid the aforementioned frost damage that can lead to leakage.

[0054] Furthermore, this design of the control device helps to reduce the number of sensors required. Since the temperature of the interior is influenced by all components located there, the temperature sensor can monitor temperature changes of these components centrally. Therefore, the components installed inside the safety enclosure do not each need to be equipped with their own temperature sensors.

[0055] In a preferred embodiment of the control device, the first and / or the second air parameter sensor is designed as a gas sensor, which is configured to detect a quantity and / or concentration of a gas, which is in particular a gaseous working medium, such that the first and / or second air parameter is a quantity and / or concentration of the gas inside the safety enclosure.

[0056] The control device can thus be used, among other things, for leak detection. If, for example, one of the air parameter sensors is configured to detect the quantity and / or concentration of the gaseous working medium, a leak can be inferred depending on the detected quantity / concentration; in the case of large quantities, a primary leak can be inferred.

[0057] In this case, the control device can, for example, set the delivery rate of the ventilation system to a maximum to enable rapid removal of the working fluid. This increases operational reliability.

[0058] If, on the other hand, no or only a very small amount / concentration of the working medium is detected, a low delivery rate of the ventilation device is sufficient.

[0059] Preferably, the control device includes a ventilation device which, when the first delivery rate value is set, is configured to deliver a gas volume of at least 35 m³ / h.

[0060] The ventilation device is therefore preferably dimensioned such that all the gas inside the safety enclosure, provided that the internal volume is less than 35 m³, is completely exchanged at least once an hour.

[0061] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a method for controlling a heat pump system is provided, which is hereinafter also referred to as the control method. The provided control method comprises a step in which a heat pump system, comprising a safety housing, a working circuit for a working medium, and a ventilation device, is provided.

[0062] The working circuit is at least partially arranged in an interior of the safety housing, and the ventilation device is connected to the safety housing and configured to supply air to the interior of the safety housing and / or to remove air from it.

[0063] In particular, the provided heat pump system can be a heat pump system designed to temper a hydraulic medium, for example, to air-condition interior spaces and / or provide tempered domestic hot water via heat exchangers. Preferably, a heat exchanger is included that can transfer energy from the working fluid to a hydraulic medium in a hydraulic circuit.

[0064] The working circuit preferably comprises an evaporator, a compressor, a condenser, and an expansion valve. Preferably, all these components are arranged inside the safety housing.

[0065] The safety housing may also include other devices, which are likewise located inside the housing and are exposed to the working fluid during operation of the heat pump system. These may include, for example, bypasses, control valves, level measuring devices, etc.

[0066] This allows the entirety of the components to be centrally monitored using the presented method for controlling a heat pump system, and countermeasures can be taken in the event of undesirable changes.

[0067] The enclosed safety enclosure can, in particular, be a safety enclosure as described above.

[0068] The ventilation system included in the heat pump system comprises, for example, at least one turbomachine. In particular, this turbomachine can be a radial or axial fan.

[0069] The connection between the ventilation device and the safety enclosure is achieved in a known manner, for example, using pipes or hoses. However, other connection methods are also conceivable. For instance, the enclosed turbomachine can also be mounted directly to ventilation openings in the safety enclosure, which can additionally be sealed by means of ventilation flaps or similar devices, if applicable.

[0070] The preferably included turbomachine of the ventilation device can be mounted in such a way as to blow air into or extract air from the interior of the safety housing. For this purpose, the turbomachine can be arranged at any end of an air supply and / or exhaust duct. More preferably, the turbomachine is designed as an inline fan and can accordingly also be arranged within the air supply and / or exhaust duct.

[0071] Furthermore, the control procedure includes the step of supplying and / or removing air into / from the interior of the safety enclosure by means of the ventilation device.

[0072] Preferably, circulation occurs by removing air from the interior of the safety enclosure. This creates a permanent negative pressure inside the enclosure, which advantageously prevents the working fluid from escaping into the surrounding area in the event of a leak.

[0073] Especially during times when high heating power is required, air can also be permanently supplied into the interior of the safety enclosure in order to operate the components located there within an advantageous temperature range.

[0074] In a further step of the presented control procedure, an actual value of a first air parameter is recorded inside the safety enclosure.

[0075] In a further step, an actual value of a second air parameter is recorded inside the safety enclosure.

[0076] As described above, these air parameters can include, in particular, the quantity / concentration of a gas, preferably the gaseous working medium, and / or a temperature. It should be noted, however, that the presented method is not limited to these examples. In particular, relative or absolute humidity, dew point, pressure, or flow velocity can also be measured as air parameters.

[0077] Because the control method is not limited to specific air parameters, the control options are very diverse and the control method can be adapted to different situations.

[0078] Furthermore, the control procedure also includes a step of controlling the ventilation device depending on the detected actual value of the first air parameter and the detected actual value of the second air parameter inside the safety enclosure, wherein this step includes at least one setting of a delivery rate of the ventilation device depending on the detected actual value of the first air parameter and the detected actual value of the second air parameter.

[0079] This control method can directly counteract unfavorable conditions inside the safety enclosure. The achievable effects are numerous and include safety-related aspects as well as control options that increase the efficiency of the heat pump system.

[0080] Depending on the detected air parameter, the control system can, for example, react to a leak and promptly remove flammable and / or toxic working fluid from the interior of the safety enclosure.

[0081] Furthermore, the control method can prevent the formation of condensation inside the safety enclosure by controlling the supply and / or discharge of air accordingly by adjusting the delivery rate.

[0082] Furthermore, the control method can be used to cool components located inside the safety enclosure by increasing the supply of air.

[0083] Since frost in particular leads to accelerated wear on components of the working circuit, the control method can also be advantageously used to adjust the delivery rate of the ventilation device depending on a detected temperature inside the safety enclosure, so that more or less air is delivered into the interior of the safety enclosure in order to prevent a further drop in the temperature inside the safety enclosure.

[0084] In this way, the control method can be used to prevent components of the working circuit from freezing and thus positively influence their service life.

[0085] It should be noted that the presented control method is not limited to these examples, but also includes further control options for the ventilation device depending on the air parameter measured.

[0086] Preferably, the control method comprises a further step in which a first and a second delivery rate value of the ventilation device are defined, which determine the delivery rate of the ventilation device. The delivery rate of the ventilation device is not zero for the first and second delivery rate values. Furthermore, the delivery rate for the first delivery rate value is lower than for the second delivery rate value. In this preferred embodiment of the control method, setting the delivery rate comprises selecting a delivery rate value from a set of defined first and second delivery rate values, depending on the measured actual value of the first air parameter and the measured actual value of the second air parameter, and setting the delivery rate to the selected delivery rate value.

[0087] Preferably, the first delivery rate value is selected if the recorded actual value of the first air parameter is below a predetermined limit value, and / or the second delivery rate value is selected if the recorded actual value of the first air parameter is above a predetermined second limit value, which in particular corresponds to the first limit value.

[0088] Setting two delivery rate values, to which a delivery rate can be adjusted, allows for flexible configuration of the control method. The advantages described above with regard to the control device according to the invention apply analogously here.

[0089] Furthermore, the larger of the two specified delivery rates can be advantageously matched to components installed in the ventilation device to be controlled, such as turbomachinery or similar components.

[0090] This enables the control system, for example, to control the ventilation device with maximum efficiency even when a high delivery rate is required.

[0091] In a further advantageous embodiment of the control method, an additional step is included in which one or more intermediate delivery rate values ​​of the ventilation device are determined, which define a delivery rate of the ventilation device and which lie between the first and the second delivery rate value.

[0092] In this advantageous embodiment of the control procedure, adjusting the delivery rate includes selecting a delivery rate value from a set of the specified first and second delivery rate values ​​and the one specified intermediate delivery rate value or the several specified intermediate delivery rate values ​​depending on the recorded actual value of the first air parameter and the recorded actual value of the second air parameter, and adjusting the delivery rate to the selected delivery rate value.

[0093] This approach allows for further flexible adjustment of the ventilation system's control via the control method. The defined delivery rate values ​​can now be understood as limit values ​​or maximum and minimum values ​​of the ventilation system's delivery rate during operation.

[0094] Preferably, a function can be stored that maps a recorded actual value of the first air parameter to a delivery rate value between the defined first delivery rate value and the defined second delivery rate value.

[0095] Depending on the installation location of the heat pump system, an individual function can be stored that determines how a recorded actual value should be mapped to a set delivery rate value.

[0096] Alternatively, settings can be configured based on at least two predefined profiles, each with a defined function.

[0097] Preferably, adjusting the delivery rate includes selecting a delivery rate value from a set of the specified first and second delivery rate values ​​and the specified one or more intermediate delivery rate values ​​depending on the recorded actual value of the (first) air parameter and depending on the recorded actual value of the second air parameter, and adjusting the delivery rate to the selected delivery rate value.

[0098] In this embodiment, two actual values ​​of the same air parameter or actual values ​​of different air parameters can be recorded.

[0099] It should be noted that the air parameters can be recorded at the same location or at different locations.

[0100] This control method allows for more precise control or the incorporation of different air parameters into the ventilation system's control. In particular, it is advantageous to measure the quantity / concentration of a gas at different points within the safety enclosure.

[0101] This is advantageous, for example, if the quantity / concentration of a gas heavier than air needs to be measured. By measuring the actual value at a low and a high position inside the safety housing, the control system is able to better assess a leakage situation, for example, and thus adjust the ventilation system's output more precisely, ultimately further improving the operational reliability of the heat pump system.

[0102] It is also advantageous to record actual values ​​of various air parameters. The control method can thus be used to weigh and prioritize different concerns regarding the condition inside the safety enclosure.

[0103] For example, a dew point inside the safety enclosure and simultaneously a quantity / concentration of the gaseous working medium can be monitored in order to prevent the formation of condensation inside the safety enclosure by controlling the ventilation device and to quickly remove any escaping gaseous working medium in the event of a leak by setting a maximum flow rate.

[0104] In such a case, operational reliability can preferably be prioritized. Therefore, if an actual value of the quantity / concentration of the gaseous working medium is detected that suggests a leak, the delivery rate is adjusted depending on the quantity / concentration, even if this would promote condensate formation. The presented control method is not limited to these examples and also applies to other implementations.

[0105] Preferably, more than two actual values ​​of one or different air parameters are recorded.

[0106] Preferably, adjusting the delivery rate further comprises selecting a delivery rate value from a set of the specified first and second delivery rate values ​​and the specified one or more intermediate delivery rate values ​​depending on all recorded actual values ​​of air parameters, or depending on a subset of all recorded actual values ​​of air parameters, and adjusting the delivery rate to the selected delivery rate value.

[0107] In a further advantageous embodiment, the control method is carried out with the proviso of controlling an air temperature in the interior of the safety enclosure, wherein the first and / or second air parameter is a temperature of the air in the interior of the safety enclosure.

[0108] Controlling the air temperature inside the safety enclosure helps prevent overheating of the working circuit and / or power electronic components.

[0109] Furthermore, this design can also prevent the formation of frost, which has a particularly positive effect on the service life of the working circuit.

[0110] In a further advantageous embodiment, the control method is carried out with the proviso of controlling a quantity and / or concentration of a gas in the interior of the safety enclosure, wherein the first and / or second air parameter is a quantity and / or concentration of the gas in the interior of the safety enclosure.

[0111] If the procedure is carried out with this stipulation, it is possible to react particularly effectively to possible leaks if the quantity and / or concentration of the gaseous working medium of the working circuit is determined.

[0112] This method can thus enable the use of flammable and / or toxic working fluids in a heat pump system installed indoors, as it allows for an automated response to any leakage. Therefore, the method contributes to increasing the operational reliability of such a heat pump system.

[0113] Preferably, the method is carried out with the proviso of controlling an air temperature as well as a quantity and / or concentration of a gas inside the safety enclosure, wherein the first air parameter is a temperature of the air inside the safety enclosure and the second air parameter is a quantity and / or concentration of the gas inside the safety enclosure.

[0114] Under these conditions, the procedure can be used to manage and prioritize multiple interests.

[0115] Preferably, in the case of conflicting control objectives, for example, if temperature control would lead to less ventilation and / or exhaust air and controlling the quantity and / or concentration of a gas would lead to greater ventilation, the control objective of the quantity and / or concentration of a gas is preferred, since this regularly has a higher safety relevance.

[0116] In a further advantageous embodiment, the control method comprises an additional step in which a setpoint value for the first air parameter is defined. Subsequently, in this embodiment, a step is performed in which a deviation between the defined setpoint value and the measured actual value of the first air parameter is determined. The delivery rate is then adjusted based on the determined deviation.

[0117] Preferably, a target value is defined for all air parameters for which an actual value is recorded, and deviations between the target values ​​defined for each air parameter and the recorded actual values ​​are determined accordingly. Furthermore, preferably, the delivery rate is adjusted based on a subset of the determined deviations.

[0118] In this way, the control method is advantageously extended to a regulation method. Preferably, a control loop with a P, PI or PID controller is used for this purpose.

[0119] Preferably, the control method additionally includes a step in which operation of the ventilation device is terminated if a detected deviation falls below a predetermined first deviation limit. Advantageously, operation of the ventilation device is only terminated if the detected deviation falls below the first deviation limit.

[0120] Preferably, the control method additionally includes a step in which operation of the ventilation device is started if the determined deviation exceeds a predetermined second deviation limit value.

[0121] In a preferred embodiment, the operation of the ventilation device is only started if the determined deviation exceeds the second deviation limit. In particular, the second predetermined deviation limit can also correspond to the first predetermined deviation limit.

[0122] In a preferred embodiment, the selection of the delivery rate value during the adjustment of the delivery rate of the ventilation device is carried out in such a way that the first delivery rate value is selected if the determined deviation exceeds a predetermined third deviation limit value, which corresponds in particular to the second deviation limit value, and / or if the determined deviation falls below a predetermined fourth deviation limit value.

[0123] Furthermore, the selection of the delivery rate value during the adjustment of the delivery rate of the ventilation device is carried out in such a way that the second delivery rate value is selected if the determined deviation exceeds a predetermined fifth deviation limit value, which corresponds in particular to the fourth deviation limit value.

[0124] This allows the control system to react specifically to particular situations, which can be defined by deviation limits, further increasing its operational flexibility. In particular, for example, operation of the ventilation system can be prevented if otherwise damage to the heat pump system is imminent.

[0125] For example, if it is determined that the temperature inside the safety enclosure deviates only very slightly from a specified target temperature, the operation of the ventilation device can be stopped.

[0126] This extends the service life of the ventilation device, as it does not need to operate continuously. Furthermore, the ventilation device emits no noise when not in operation. This advantageously enhanced control method therefore improves the acoustic performance of the connected ventilation device.

[0127] This implementation of the control method therefore allows for a particularly convenient configuration using only a few values.

[0128] According to a third aspect of the present invention, a heat pump system is provided, comprising a control device as described above and a heat pump assembly. The heat pump assembly, in turn, comprises at least one safety housing, a working circuit for a working medium, which is at least partially arranged within an interior of the safety housing, and a ventilation device connected to the safety housing and configured to supply air to and / or exhaust air from the interior of the safety housing. Furthermore, the control device is coupled to the ventilation device of the heat pump assembly and configured to control it by means of a method, in particular according to the second aspect.

[0129] Preferably, the heat pump system additionally comprises at least one hydraulic circuit which is coupled to the working circuit for heat transfer, wherein the working circuit is configured to temper a hydraulic medium flowing in the hydraulic circuit.

[0130] The heat pump system can thus be used in a variety of ways, for example to temperature-control rooms or to provide tempered domestic hot water.

[0131] In a preferred embodiment, the working circuit of the heat pump system comprises a switching device by which the working circuit can be switched between a first and a second operating mode, wherein in the first operating mode a first heat exchanger heats the working medium, i.e., in particular functions as an evaporation device for the working medium, and a second heat exchanger cools the working medium, i.e., in particular functions as a condensation device for the working medium, and wherein in the second operating mode the second heat exchanger heats the working medium, i.e., in particular functions as an evaporation device for the working medium, and the first heat exchanger cools the working medium, i.e., in particular functions as a condensation device for the working medium, such that the heat pump system can be used for heating and cooling the hydraulic medium in the hydraulic circuit.

[0132] According to a fourth aspect, a computer program product is provided which includes commands which, when executed by a control device of a heat pump system as described above, cause it to execute a control procedure as described above.

[0133] Further aspects and their advantages, as well as more specific embodiments of the aforementioned aspects and embodiments, are described below with the aid of the drawings shown in the accompanying figures. Fig. 1A A schematic view shows an example of a heat pump system with only one air parameter sensor. Fig. 1B shows a schematic view of a variation of the example from Fig. 1A . Fig. 2A A schematic view shows a first embodiment of the heat pump system according to the invention. Fig. 2B shows a schematic view of a modification of the first embodiment. Fig. 3A The diagram shows a schematic view of example three of a heat pump system with only one air parameter sensor. Fig. 3B shows a schematic view of a variation of the example from Fig. 3A . Fig. 4 schematically shows a flowchart of a first embodiment of the control method according to the invention. Fig. 5 schematically shows a flowchart of a second embodiment of the control method according to the invention. Fig. 6 Figure 1 schematically shows a flowchart of a third embodiment of the control method according to the invention. Fig. 7 shows an exemplary diagram that qualitatively illustrates the adjustment of a delivery rate depending on a recorded actual value of an air parameter during the control of the air parameter. Fig. 8 Another exemplary diagram shows a qualitative adjustment of the delivery rate depending on a recorded actual value of an air parameter during the control of the air parameter. Fig. 9 Another exemplary diagram shows a qualitative adjustment of the delivery rate depending on a determined deviation between a recorded actual value and a target value of an air parameter during the control of the air parameter.

[0134] It is emphasized that the present invention is in no way limited to the embodiments and features described below. The invention further comprises modifications of the aforementioned embodiments, in particular those resulting from modifications and / or combinations of individual or multiple features of the described embodiments within the scope of protection of the independent claims. Ausführliche Figurenbeschreibung

[0135] Fig. 1A Figure 1 shows a schematic view of an example of a heat pump system 100, comprising the heat pump system 101 and the control device 50, but only including an air parameter sensor 51.

[0136] Fig. 2A Figure 1 shows a schematic view of a first embodiment of the presented heat pump system 100, comprising the heat pump system 101 and the control device 50.

[0137] Fig. 3A Figure 1 shows a schematic view of an example of a heat pump system 100, comprising the heat pump system 101 and the control device 50, but only including an air parameter sensor 51.

[0138] The examples and the embodiment of the Fig. 1A , 2A and 3AThe following sections describe them partially together. In this respect, the statements made in one paragraph apply to all three cases unless otherwise stated or a single embodiment or example according to one of the Fig. 1 bis 3 will be turned off.

[0139] The heat pump system 100 is intended for use in an energy transport system of a building, which is specifically designed for heating and / or cooling a building or part of a building and / or for providing tempered domestic hot water.

[0140] The heat pump system 101 comprises a safety housing 20, which surrounds an interior 21, and a working circuit 10 for a working medium of the heat pump system 101.

[0141] The working circuit 10 in turn comprises at least a first heat exchanger 11 and preferably a second heat exchanger 12, via which heat energy can be supplied to and / or removed from the working medium.

[0142] Furthermore, the working circuit 10 includes a compression device 14 for compressing the working medium and an expansion device 13 for expanding the working medium.

[0143] The individual components of the working circuit 10 are preferably connected to each other via lines 19, with a flow direction of the working medium in Fig. 1A This is exemplified by the arrows in lines 19.

[0144] Heat is extracted from the working medium as it flows through the first heat exchanger 11, and heat is supplied to the working medium as it flows through the second heat exchanger 12. Specifically, the first heat exchanger 11 functions as a condensing device and the second heat exchanger 12 as an evaporating device.

[0145] The first heat exchanger 11 is designed as a counterflow heat exchanger by way of example and without limitation, and the second heat exchanger 12 is designed as a parallel flow heat exchanger by way of example and without limitation.

[0146] At least the first heat exchanger 11 and the second heat exchanger 12 of the working circuit 10 are jointly arranged in the interior 21 of the safety housing 20. Preferably, the compression and expansion devices 13, 14 are also arranged in the interior 21.

[0147] The safety housing 20 is preferably and, apart from the outlet opening 22 provided on the underside, is essentially gas-tight from the environment of the heat pump system 100.

[0148] The heat pump system 101 shown is coupled to a first hydraulic system of the energy transport system via the first heat exchanger 11 in order to transfer heat energy between the working medium and a hydraulic medium guided in the first hydraulic system.

[0149] The first hydraulic system is only partially shown with a supply line 212 leading to the first heat exchanger 11 and a discharge line 211 leading away from it.

[0150] Furthermore, the heat pump system 101 shown is coupled via the second heat exchanger 12 to a second hydraulic system of the energy transport system in order to transfer heat energy between the working medium and another hydraulic medium guided in the second hydraulic system.

[0151] The second hydraulic system is only partially shown with a supply line 312 leading to the second heat exchanger 12 and a discharge line 311 leading away from it.

[0152] Preferably, the first hydraulic system is a secondary system of the energy transport system, by means of which a target variable in the building can be controlled, for example a room temperature.

[0153] Preferably, the second hydraulic system is a primary system of the energy transport system for providing heat and / or cold energy from an ambient energy source, for example by the principle of aerothermal, geothermal or hydrothermal energy.

[0154] In the examples shown and the embodiment, the thermal energy is preferably used to heat the working medium in the second heat exchanger 12.

[0155] The heat pump system 100 further comprises a control device 50, which is configured to control the heat pump unit 101 of the heat pump system 100. Furthermore, the control device 50 is coupled to the ventilation unit of the heat pump unit 101 and configured to control it.

[0156] The ventilation device comprises all ventilation components. Preferably, it includes at least one exhaust air duct 41 and one turbomachine 42. Additionally, the ventilation device may also include its own control device 40. However, this control device 40 is not mandatory, and the control device 50 may advantageously also be configured to control the ventilation device by directly actuating the turbomachines 42, as is the case, for example, in the embodiment shown and the example shown. Fig. 2A and 3 that is the case.

[0157] The turbomachine 42 is preferably arranged inside the safety housing 20 (see also Fig. 1B , 2B and 3B ) or forms an interface between the safety housing 20 and the exhaust duct 41.

[0158] The turbomachine 42 can also, as in Fig. 1A , 2A and 3Ashown, preferably in the exhaust air duct 41 or at its end and in particular outside the building.

[0159] The in the Fig. 1A , 2A , 3A The components of the ventilation device shown are to be understood as examples only. The heat pump system 100 according to the invention can also comprise a heat pump system 101 with a ventilation device that includes ventilation components other than those shown.

[0160] The term ventilation components includes in particular various turbomachines, such as radial or axial fans or blowers, which may also be arranged inline, and other components such as flaps and throttles.

[0161] Depending on the intended use, different ventilation components can be used in the ventilation device. These can be positioned at different locations within the ventilation device, for example, at the inlet and / or outlet of a ventilation duct and / or hose, or within a ventilation duct and / or hose (inline). Combinations of the aforementioned ventilation components are also conceivable without affecting the effect of the invention.

[0162] The coupling of the control device 50 with the ventilation device is to be understood as a connection between the two devices, via which information and control commands can be transmitted in both directions, i.e. from the control device 50 to the ventilation device and in the opposite direction.

[0163] For example, as in Fig. 1A As shown, a control connection 53 exists from the control device 50 to a control device 40 of the ventilation device, via which the control device 50 transmits control information (also called control commands) to the ventilation device and receives information from the ventilation device.

[0164] Alternatively, the control device 50 can also be coupled to the ventilation device without an external control device 40. Such a coupling is exemplified in Fig. 2A The control device 50 is shown here directly connected to a turbomachine 42 of the ventilation device. In this way, the control device 50 can advantageously transmit control commands directly to the turbomachine 42 of the ventilation device via a control line 43. Furthermore, an additional control connection 53 can exist, which connects the control device 50, for example, to a control unit integrated into the turbomachine 42 or similar devices.

[0165] As in Fig. 3A As shown, such connections can also coincide with a single connection 53 / 43. This means, for example, that a control unit integrated into a turbomachine 42 receives control commands from the control device 50 and is also configured to transmit data to the control device 50 via the same communication channel.

[0166] Various technologies for implementing such connections are known in the prior art. The invention is not limited to a specific connection technology. In particular, wired or wireless connections can be used.

[0167] Furthermore, the invention is not limited to specific communication methods. That is to say, the control device 50 can be communicatively connected to different control units and / or turbomachines 42 and / or other controllable components of the ventilation device, such as flaps 44 or throttles, each by means of the same or different communication technologies and / or protocols.

[0168] Furthermore, the control device 50 comprises at least one air parameter sensor 51, 52, which is configured to detect an air parameter in the interior 21 of the safety housing 20.

[0169] The control device 50 is configured to adjust the delivery rate of the ventilation device as a function of an actual value of the air parameter in the interior 21 of the safety housing 20 as detected by the air parameter sensor 51, 52.

[0170] In Fig. 1A The air parameter sensor 51 is arranged inside the interior 21 of the safety housing 20. However, this arrangement is not mandatory. The sensor can also be designed as a sensor system comprising components mounted outside the safety housing 20, which detects the air parameter inside the interior 21 of the safety housing 20, for example, by means of a probe.

[0171] It is also advantageous to mount only measuring probes in the interior 21 of the safety housing 20. In this case, components required for further processing (for example, the corresponding electronics) are integrated into the control device 50.

[0172] In general, air parameter sensors / probes can also be wirelessly or via cable connected to the control device 50. These connections are also not restricted with regard to possible communication protocols.

[0173] The Fig. 1A and 3A Each shows a configuration of the control device 50, which includes an air parameter sensor 51 for detecting an air parameter in the interior 21 of the safety housing 20.

[0174] In contrast, it shows Fig. 2A a configuration with two air parameter sensors 51, 52.

[0175] As explained above, a variety of sensors are suitable depending on the air parameter to be measured.

[0176] For example, the air parameter sensors 51 and 52 can each be a thermometer, barometer, hygrometer, or gas sensor. Advantageously, the air parameter sensors 51 and 52 are arranged in such a way as to reduce interference from the components installed inside 21 of the safety housing 20.

[0177] For example, it is advantageous not to place a thermometer in the immediate vicinity of components that produce a lot of waste heat.

[0178] Furthermore, the position at which the air parameter is recorded is advantageously chosen depending on the control purpose.

[0179] If, for example, the control device 50 is to be used to monitor and counteract the temperature of a power electronic component, the air parameter sensor 51, 52 can be designed as a thermometer which detects the air temperature in the immediate vicinity of the corresponding component.

[0180] In this way, the detected temperature is influenced to a greater extent by the respective component, so that the control device 50 can react better to temperature changes of the component.

[0181] Preferably, the ventilation device can be designed with two channels, particularly for this application of temperature control, as shown in Fig. 3A As shown. Thus, warm air can be extracted from the safety housing 20 via the extraction duct 41 and conveyed to the outside through an outer wall 2000 of the building in which the heat pump system 100 is preferably installed, if the control device 50 controls the ventilation device accordingly.

[0182] Preferably, the control device 50 can be, with reference to the example in Fig. 3A The ventilation device can also be controlled in such a way that the delivery rate of fresh supply air can be set. This can preferably be achieved by means of a turbomachine 42 of the supply air duct 45.

[0183] It should be noted that the supply air duct 45 can also function without the aforementioned flow machine 42, as is the case, for example, in the example according to Fig. 3B that is the case.

[0184] The turbomachine 42 for the supply air duct 45 is preferably arranged within the supply air duct 42, as shown in Fig. 3A The flow machine 42 for the supply air duct 45 can also form an interface between the safety housing 20 and the supply air duct 45. However, it can also preferably be arranged at one end of the supply air duct 45.

[0185] In a preferred embodiment, air parameter sensors can detect the temperature of the supply or exhaust air in the immediate vicinity of the inlet opening 23 or the outlet opening 22, respectively. In this way, the control device 50 can control the ventilation device in a preferred embodiment by means of the turbomachines 42 of the corresponding channels 45, 41 depending on three detected air parameter parameters (temperature near the component to be monitored, supply air temperature, exhaust air temperature).

[0186] Furthermore, the control device 50 can advantageously adjust the delivery rate additionally by actuating a flap 44, as in the example in Fig. 3A shown, although the flap is merely an optional component.

[0187] In the case of the exemplary embodiment in Fig. 2A The control device 50 comprises two air parameter sensors 51, 52, which are arranged at different positions in the interior 21 of the safety housing 20. The air parameter sensors 51, 52 can detect the same or different air parameters. In the former case, a redundant system with additional protection is provided should one of the two sensors fail. In the latter case, on the other hand, simultaneous control of two different air parameters in the interior 21 is possible. Preferably, the control device 50 is configured to control the ventilation device depending on the actual values ​​detected by both air parameter sensors 51, 52 and to adjust the delivery rate accordingly.

[0188] The Fig. 1B , 2B and 3BEach shows schematic views of further embodiments and examples, which are variations of the examples and the embodiment according to Fig. 1A , 2A and 3B can be seen.

[0189] To avoid duplication in the description, only the differences between the examples and embodiments according to the Fig. 1B , 2B and 3B in each case with reference to the embodiment and the examples of the Fig. 1A , 2A and 3A described.

[0190] The examples and embodiment according to the Fig. 1B , 2B and 3B They differ in the design of the ventilation device and in the design of the lower part of the safety housing.

[0191] In contrast to the design of the safety housing 20 from the Fig. 1A , 2A and 3BThe lower part of the safety housing 20 points into the Fig. 1B , 2B and 3B The housing has no inclined inner surfaces towards the exhaust duct 41, but rather a flat inner surface which is preferably oriented essentially at right angles to the lateral inner surfaces of the housing and / or horizontally.

[0192] Inclined inner housing surfaces create a collection area for heavier gas, but compared to a flat inner housing surface, they involve higher costs and increased manufacturing effort.

[0193] Furthermore, the ventilation systems differ in the Fig. 1B , 2B and 3B by the fact that the turbomachine 42 for the exhaust air duct 41 is arranged within the safety housing 20.

[0194] Furthermore, the design in Fig. 3B compared to Fig. 3A No flow machine 42 is used for the supply air duct 45. This represents, for example, a more cost-effective option.

[0195] Furthermore, the explanation in Fig. 3B compared to Fig. 3A Do not open flap 44 on the supply air duct 45. This is not absolutely necessary.

[0196] Fig. 4 schematically shows a flowchart of an embodiment of the control method according to the invention.

[0197] In step S1, a heat pump system is provided, which includes at least a safety housing, a working circuit for a working medium and a ventilation device.

[0198] The safety housing of the heat pump system provided in step S1 surrounds an interior space in which at least part of the working circuit for a working medium of the heat pump system is located.

[0199] The ventilation device of the heat pump system provided in step S1 is connected to the safety enclosure and configured to supply air to and / or exhaust air from the interior of the safety enclosure. Preferably, corresponding ventilation openings and / or ducts and / or pipes are provided on the safety enclosure for this purpose, and an airflow can be generated by means of a suitably configured turbomachine of the ventilation device.

[0200] In step S2, air is supplied to and / or extracted from the interior of the safety enclosure by means of the ventilation device. For this purpose, the ventilation device preferably comprises at least one turbomachine, which is operated accordingly.

[0201] In step S3, the actual value of an air parameter inside the safety enclosure is recorded. As already described, the actual value of the air parameter can be recorded at different locations inside the safety enclosure, depending on the application.

[0202] In step S3, several actual values, including various air parameters, are recorded. All of these actual values ​​are then available for further processing.

[0203] In step S4, the ventilation device is controlled depending on the actual values ​​of the air parameters inside the safety enclosure recorded in step S3.

[0204] The control in step S4 includes at least one step in which the delivery rate of the ventilation device is adjusted depending on the actual values ​​of the air parameters inside the safety enclosure recorded in step S3.

[0205] As already described, the delivery rate can be adjusted in various ways. For example, the delivery rate of the ventilation device is adjusted via the rotational speeds of the ventilation device's turbomachines. Preferably, the delivery rate can also be adjusted by (partially) opening and / or closing flaps or throttles of the ventilation device.

[0206] Control in step S4 is based on several actual values, in particular different air parameters.

[0207] The dependency can be modeled in different ways. Some examples are given in the Fig. 7 bis 9 shown.

[0208] Preferably, the procedure is paused for a predetermined time after step S4 before the procedure is subsequently repeated starting with step S3.

[0209] The embodiment described above provides an advantageous possibility for the flexible control of a heat pump system, which can be adapted to specific applications to a high degree.

[0210] Depending on the measured air parameter(s) and the dependency selected in step S4, a variety of control objectives can be achieved. Specific applications, such as leakage control, frost prevention, or temperature control for the interior or, preferably, for certain installed components, have been described above.

[0211] Fig. 5 schematically shows a flowchart of another advantageous embodiment of the control method according to the invention.

[0212] The procedure of Fig. 5 differs from the procedure as it is in Fig. 4 This is represented by the additional step SF, in which a first and a second delivery rate value are defined, which determine a delivery rate of the ventilation device, wherein the delivery rate of the ventilation device is not equal to zero for the first and the second delivery rate value and the delivery rate for the first delivery rate value is less than for the second delivery rate value.

[0213] Furthermore, the procedure differs in Fig. 5 This is achieved by adjusting the delivery rate in step S4 based on the defined delivery rate values. First, a delivery rate value is selected from the set of defined first and second delivery rate values, depending on the actual value recorded in step S3. Then, the delivery rate of the ventilation device is adjusted to the previously selected delivery rate value.

[0214] This provides a control method that is particularly easy to configure. In particular, high operational reliability is guaranteed, since the ventilation device, when active, is always operated at least at the first specified delivery rate.

[0215] Fig. 6 schematically shows a flowchart of another advantageous embodiment of the control method according to the invention.

[0216] Steps S1 and S2 are identical to steps S1 and S2 as described in the Fig. 4 and 5 The examples shown are therefore omitted. Repeated explanations are thus avoided.

[0217] In step SF, a target value is defined for the air parameter for which an actual value is recorded. Furthermore, two flow rate values ​​are defined in step SF.

[0218] In step SG, three deviation limits are defined, which influence how the delivery rate is adjusted in the subsequent steps of the procedure.

[0219] In step S3 of the procedure, an actual value for the air parameter is recorded and a deviation between the target value defined in step SF and the recorded actual value is determined.

[0220] In step S4, the ventilation device is controlled, with the control depending on the determined deviation, the specified delivery performance values ​​and the specified deviation limits from the previous steps.

[0221] Preferably, the delivery rate to be set for the ventilation device in step S4 is selected in such a way that the first delivery rate value determined in step SF is selected if the deviation determined in step S3 exceeds the second deviation limit value determined in step SG.

[0222] Furthermore, preferably in step S4, when adjusting the delivery rate of the ventilation device, the delivery rate of the ventilation device is selected such that the second delivery rate value determined in step SF is chosen if the deviation determined in step S3 exceeds the third deviation limit value determined in step SG.

[0223] This provides a process that can be flexibly configured, among other things. Since the delivery performance values ​​can be set independently of the deviation limits, the process allows for flexible adjustments while still enabling efficient operation of the ventilation system.

[0224] Preferably, the delivery performance values ​​can be adapted to the components of the ventilation device.

[0225] Furthermore, preferably the procedure can be designed in such a way that the delivery line can only be changed after prior authentication and authorization.

[0226] In a preferred embodiment, several setpoint values ​​for several different air parameters can also be defined in step SF. In step S3, several deviations are then preferably determined, based on which the delivery rate is adjusted in step S4.

[0227] Preferably, the procedure is paused for a predetermined time after step S4 before the procedure is subsequently repeated starting with step S3.

[0228] Fig. 7 The diagram shows an exemplary diagram that qualitatively illustrates the adjustment of a delivery rate FL as a function of a recorded actual value of an air parameter LK in the course of controlling the air parameter LK.

[0229] The diagram shows how, depending on the recorded actual value of an air parameter LK, a delivery rate FL is set to a first fixed delivery rate value F1 or to a second fixed delivery rate value F2 over time T.

[0230] The first y-axis of the diagram (left) refers to the flow rate FL with the two defined first and second flow rate values ​​F1 and F2. The second y-axis of the diagram (right) refers to the air quality parameter LK. Time T is plotted on the x-axis.

[0231] The time course of the set delivery rate FL of the ventilation system is shown as a dashed line.

[0232] The dotted line shows the time course of the actual value of the air parameter LK.

[0233] This is a qualitative representation intended to illustrate a possible relationship between actual values ​​of an air parameter and set flow rates, which is why units have been omitted. For example, and this is not a limitation, the air parameter could be temperature with the exemplary unit °C. Similarly, and this is not a limitation, the flow rate could be a volume flow with the exemplary unit m³ / h.

[0234] In Fig. 7 An example dependency based on limit values ​​is presented. Initially, the ventilation system operates at a flow rate equal to the first flow rate value F1, before the actual value of the air parameter at time t1 exceeds a limit value. The ventilation system then operates at the second flow rate value F2. At time t2, the actual value of the air parameter falls below the limit value again, and the ventilation system resumes operation at flow rate value F1.

[0235] As described, this dependency allows for a simple configuration using only two defined delivery rate values ​​and a limit value.

[0236] Fig. 8 Another exemplary diagram shows a qualitative adjustment of a delivery rate FL depending on a recorded actual value of an air parameter LK in the course of controlling the air parameter LK.

[0237] The structure of the diagram consists of Fig. 7 and will therefore not be described again here.

[0238] Fig. 7 This shows how the delivery rate FL can be continuously adjusted between a first delivery rate value F1 and a second delivery rate value F2. This allows the ventilation system to be operated more efficiently.

[0239] As the actual value of the air quality parameter LK increases, the delivery rate FL rises from the first delivery rate value F1 to counteract the increase in the air quality parameter LK. For example, consider a case where the air quality parameter LK describes a gas concentration, and the ventilation system is then set to a higher delivery rate FL to reduce the gas concentration in the interior. This increase continues until the second delivery rate value F2 is reached.

[0240] At time t2, the air quality parameter LK, for example, is decreasing again, so the ventilation device no longer needs to be operated with the higher second delivery rate value F2. Accordingly, the delivery rate FL decreases again depending on the actual value of the air quality parameter LG.

[0241] Fig. 9 Another exemplary diagram shows a qualitative adjustment of the delivery rate depending on a determined deviation between a recorded actual value and a target value of an air parameter during the control of the air parameter.

[0242] The diagram shows how, depending on the determined deviation ΔLK between an actual value of an air parameter and a provided target value of the air parameter, a delivery rate FL is set over time T.

[0243] The first y-axis of the diagram (left) refers to the flow rate FL with the two defined first and second flow rate values ​​F1 and F2. The second y-axis of the diagram (right) refers to the deviation ΔLK with three deviation limits G1, G2, and G3. Time T is plotted on the x-axis.

[0244] The time course of the set delivery rate FL of the ventilation system is shown as a dashed line.

[0245] The dotted line shows the time course of the deviation ΔLK of the air parameter.

[0246] Initially, the deviation ΔLK is below a first deviation limit value G1. Accordingly, the ventilation system is not operated. This saves energy and reduces noise pollution.

[0247] During the time interval from t1 to t2, the deviation ΔLK is above the first deviation limit G1, but below the second deviation limit G2. Accordingly, the ventilation device is operated, but only with a minimal delivery rate, which is still below the first defined delivery rate value F1.

[0248] From time t2 onwards, the determined deviation ΔLK then exceeds the second deviation limit G2, but not the third deviation limit G3. The delivery rate is now preferably set to the first defined delivery rate value F1.

[0249] From time t3 onwards, the deviation ΔLK also exceeds the third deviation limit value G3. Now the delivery rate is preferably set to the second defined delivery rate value F2.

[0250] In this way, a control system based on the deviation ΔLK can be implemented. Put simply, the delivery rate increases with increasing deviation ΔLK of the actual value of the air parameter from the target value, whereby the delivery rate adjustment is based on a limit value analysis.

[0251] The in Fig. 9 The deviation limits G1, G2, and G3 shown are merely examples. It is advantageous to define multiple limits to achieve a control system that behaves differently when the deviation ΔLK between the actual and target values ​​of an air parameter increases than when the deviation decreases.

[0252] Above, exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their advantages have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying figures.

[0253] It is emphasized again that the present invention is in no way limited to the embodiments and features described above. The invention further comprises modifications of the aforementioned embodiments, in particular those resulting from modifications and / or combinations of individual or multiple features of the described embodiments within the scope of protection of the independent claims.

[0254] According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, a control device for controlling a heat pump system is provided, wherein the heat pump system comprises at least a safety housing, a working circuit for a working medium which is at least partially arranged in an interior of the safety housing; and a ventilation device which is connected to the safety housing and is configured to supply air to and / or exhaust air from the interior of the safety housing; wherein the control device is coupleable with the ventilation device and is configured in a coupled state to control the ventilation device.The control device comprises an air parameter sensor, which is configured to detect an air parameter inside the safety enclosure, wherein the control device is configured to adjust a delivery rate of the ventilation device as a function of an actual value of the air parameter inside the safety enclosure detected by the air parameter sensor.

[0255] Preferably, the control device is configured to adjust the delivery rate, depending on the measured actual value of the air parameter, to at least a first and a second delivery rate value, wherein the delivery rate of the ventilation device is not equal to zero for the first and the second delivery rate value and the delivery rate for the first delivery rate value is lower than for the second delivery rate value, and the ventilation device is preferably configured, when the first delivery rate value is set, to deliver a gas volume of at least 35 m³ / h, wherein the control device is particularly configured to additionally adjust the delivery rate to one or more intermediate delivery rate values ​​between the first and the second delivery rate value, the control device is particularly preferably configuredto adjust the delivery rate continuously between the first and second delivery rate values.

[0256] Preferably, the air parameter sensor is designed as a temperature sensor, such that the air parameter is a temperature of the air inside the safety housing.

[0257] Preferably, the air parameter sensor is designed as a gas sensor, which is configured to detect a quantity and / or concentration of a gas, which is in particular a gaseous working medium, such that the air parameter is a quantity and / or concentration of the gas inside the safety housing.

[0258] Preferably, the control device additionally comprises a second air parameter sensor which is configured to detect a second air parameter inside the safety housing, wherein the control device is configured to adjust the delivery rate as a function of the actual value of the air parameter detected by the air parameter sensor and an actual value of the second air parameter detected by the second air parameter sensor.

[0259] Preferably, the second air parameter sensor is designed as a temperature sensor, such that the second air parameter is a temperature of the air inside the safety enclosure.

[0260] According to a sixth and seventh aspect of the present invention, a method for controlling a heat pump system is provided, comprising the following steps: providing a heat pump system comprising a safety housing, a working circuit for a working medium, and a ventilation device, wherein the working circuit is at least partially arranged in an interior of the safety housing and the ventilation device is connected to the safety housing and is configured to supply air to and / or exhaust air from the interior of the safety housing; supplying and / or exhausting air into / from the interior of the safety housing by means of the ventilation device; sensing an actual value of an air parameter in the interior of the safety housing;and controlling the ventilation device depending on the detected actual value of the air parameter inside the safety enclosure, comprising: adjusting the delivery rate of the ventilation device depending on the detected actual value of the air parameter, wherein the method preferably further comprises the steps of: defining a target value for the air parameter; and determining a deviation between the defined target value and the detected actual value of the air parameter; and wherein the delivery rate is adjusted, in particular, depending on the determined deviation.

[0261] Preferably, the method further comprises the step of: defining a first and a second delivery rate value of the ventilation device, which determine a delivery rate of the ventilation device, wherein the delivery rate of the ventilation device is not equal to zero for the first and the second delivery rate values ​​and the delivery rate for the first delivery rate value is less than for the second delivery rate value, wherein setting the delivery rate comprises selecting a delivery rate value from a set of the defined first and second delivery rate values ​​depending on the detected actual value of the air parameter and setting the delivery rate to the selected delivery rate value, preferably such that the first delivery rate value is selected when the detected actual value of the air parameter is below a predetermined limit value, and / or the second delivery rate value is selected.if the recorded actual value of the air parameter is above a predetermined second limit value, which in particular corresponds to the first limit value, and wherein the method particularly preferably further comprises the step of: defining one or more intermediate delivery rate values ​​of the ventilation device, which determine a delivery rate of the ventilation device and which lie between the first and the second delivery rate value, wherein the setting of the delivery rate in particular comprises selecting a delivery rate value from a set of the determined first and second delivery rate values ​​and the determined one or more intermediate delivery rate values ​​depending on the recorded actual value of the air parameter and setting the delivery rate to the selected delivery rate value.

[0262] Preferably, the method further comprises the step of: recording an actual value of a second air parameter inside the safety enclosure; and wherein the delivery rate of the ventilation device is adjusted depending on the recorded actual value of the air parameter and the recorded actual value of the second air parameter.

[0263] Preferably, the method is carried out with the proviso of controlling an air temperature inside the safety enclosure, wherein the air parameter is a temperature of the air inside the safety enclosure; or the method is carried out with the proviso of controlling a quantity and / or concentration of a gas inside the safety enclosure, which is in particular a gaseous working medium, wherein the air parameter is a quantity and / or concentration of the gas inside the safety enclosure.

[0264] Preferably, the method is carried out with the proviso of controlling an air temperature as well as a quantity and / or concentration of a gas inside the safety enclosure, wherein the air parameter is a temperature of the air inside the safety enclosure and the second air parameter is a quantity and / or concentration of the gas inside the safety enclosure.

[0265] Preferably, the method further comprises the steps of: defining a target value for the air parameter; determining a deviation between the defined target value and the measured actual value of the air parameter; and adjusting the delivery rate depending on the determined deviation, wherein controlling the ventilation device comprises one or more of the following steps: stopping operation of the ventilation device if the determined deviation is below a predetermined first deviation limit; starting operation of the ventilation device if the determined deviation exceeds a predetermined second deviation limit, which in particular corresponds to the first deviation limit;and / or wherein the selection of the delivery rate value during the adjustment of the delivery rate of the ventilation device is carried out in such a way that the first delivery rate value is selected if the determined deviation exceeds a predetermined third deviation limit value, which corresponds in particular to the second deviation limit value, and / or if the determined deviation falls below a predetermined fourth deviation limit value; and / or wherein the selection of the delivery rate value during the adjustment of the delivery rate of the ventilation device is carried out in such a way that the second delivery rate value is selected if the determined deviation exceeds a predetermined fifth deviation limit value, which corresponds in particular to the fourth deviation limit value.

[0266] According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, a heat pump system is provided, comprising a control device according to the fifth aspect or one of its preferred embodiments; and a heat pump system, again comprising: at least one safety housing, a working circuit for a working medium, which is at least partially arranged in an interior of the safety housing, and a ventilation device, which is connected to the safety housing and which is configured to supply air to the interior of the safety housing and / or to remove air from it;and wherein the control device for controlling the heat pump system is configured, in particular according to a method according to the sixth aspect or one of its preferred embodiments, and the heat pump system is preferably installed in a building, wherein the ventilation device is in particular configured to supply air from an area outside the building into the interior of the safety enclosure and / or to discharge air from the interior of the safety enclosure into the area outside the building.

[0267] Preferably, the heat pump system additionally comprises at least one hydraulic circuit which is coupled to the working circuit for heat transfer, wherein the working circuit is configured to temper a hydraulic medium flowing in the hydraulic circuit.

[0268] According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, a computer program product is provided which includes commands which, when executed by a control device according to the fifth aspect or one of its preferred embodiments, cause the control device to execute a method according to the sixth aspect or one of its preferred embodiments. Liste der Bezugszeichen

[0269] 10 Working circuit 11 First heat exchanger 12 Second heat exchanger 13 Expansion device 14 Compression device 19 Working circuit piping 20 Safety housing 21 Interior of safety housing 22 Outlet opening 23 Inlet opening 40 Control device of the ventilation device 41 Extraction duct 42 Flow machine of the ventilation device 43 Control connection with a flow machine 44 Damper of the ventilation device 45 Supply air duct 50 Control device 51 First air parameter sensor 51a Connection to the first air parameter sensor 52 Second air parameter sensor 52a Connection to the second air parameter sensor 53 Control connection with the ventilation device 100 Heat pump system 101 Heat pump system 200 First hydraulic system 211 Discharge from the first heat exchanger 212 Supply line to the first heat exchanger 300 Second hydraulic system 311 Discharge from the second heat exchanger 312 Supply line to the second heat exchanger 2000 Exterior wall

Claims

1. Control device (50) for controlling a heat pump system (101), wherein the heat pump system (101) comprises at least: - a safety housing (20); - a working circuit (10) for a working medium, which is arranged at least partially in an interior (21) of the safety housing (20); and - a ventilation device, which is connected to the safety housing (20) and is configured to supply air to and / or exhaust air from the interior (21) of the safety housing (20); wherein the control device (50) is coupleable with the ventilation device and is configured in a coupled state to control the ventilation device. characterized bya first air parameter sensor (51, 52) which is configured to detect a first air parameter in the interior (21) of the safety enclosure (20), and a second air parameter sensor (51, 52) which is configured to detect a second air parameter in the interior (21) of the safety enclosure (20), wherein the control device (50) is configured to adjust the delivery rate of the ventilation device as a function of an actual value of the first air parameter detected by the first air parameter sensor (51, 52) and an actual value of the second air parameter detected by the second air parameter sensor (51, 52) in the interior (21) of the safety enclosure (20).

2. Control device (50) according to claim 1, wherein the control device (50) is configured to adjust the delivery rate, as a function of the detected actual value of the first air parameter and the detected actual value of the second air parameter, to at least a first and a second delivery rate value, wherein the delivery rate of the ventilation device is not equal to zero for the first and the second delivery rate value and the delivery rate for the first delivery rate value is less than for the second delivery rate value, and the ventilation device is preferably configured, when the first delivery rate value is set, to deliver a gas volume of at least 35 m³ 3to promote / h, wherein the control device (50) is in particular configured to additionally adjust the delivery rate to one or more intermediate delivery rate values ​​between the first and the second delivery rate value during the setting of the delivery rate, the control device (50) is particularly preferably configured to adjust the delivery rate continuously between the first and the second delivery rate value.

3. Control device (50) according to one of claims 1 or 2, wherein the first and the second air characteristic are different air characteristics.

4. Control device (50) according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the first air parameter sensor (51, 52) is designed as a temperature sensor or as a gas sensor, such that the first air parameter in the case of design as a temperature sensor is a temperature of the air in the interior (21) of the safety housing (20) or in the case of design as a gas sensor is a quantity and / or concentration of the gas in the interior (21) of the safety housing (20).

5. Control device (50) according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the second air parameter sensor (51, 52) is designed as a temperature sensor or as a gas sensor, such that the second air parameter, in the case of design as a temperature sensor, is a temperature of the air in the interior (21) of the safety housing (20) or, in the case of design as a gas sensor, is a quantity and / or concentration of the gas in the interior (21) of the safety housing (20).

6. Method for controlling a heat pump system (101), comprising the following steps: - providing a heat pump system (101) comprising a safety enclosure (20), a working circuit (10) for a working medium, and a ventilation device, wherein the working circuit (10) is at least partially arranged in an interior (21) of the safety enclosure (20), and the ventilation device is connected to the safety enclosure (20) and is configured to supply air to and / or exhaust air from the interior (21) of the safety enclosure (20); - supplying and / or exhausting air into / from the interior of the safety enclosure (21) by means of the ventilation device; - detecting an actual value of a first air parameter in the interior (21) of the safety enclosure (20); - detecting an actual value of a second air parameter in the interior (21) of the safety enclosure (20);and - controlling the ventilation device depending on the detected actual value of the first air parameter and the detected actual value of the second air parameter in the interior (21) of the safety enclosure (20), comprising: ∘ setting a delivery rate of the ventilation device depending on the detected actual value of the first air parameter and the detected actual value of the second air parameter.; 7. Method for controlling a heat pump system (101) according to claim 6, wherein the method further comprises the step of: - determining a first and a second delivery rate value of the ventilation device, which determine a delivery rate of the ventilation device, wherein the delivery rate of the ventilation device is not equal to zero for the first and the second delivery rate value and the delivery rate for the first delivery rate value is less than for the second delivery rate value, wherein setting the delivery rate comprises selecting a delivery rate value from a set of the determined first and second delivery rate values ​​depending on the detected actual value of the first air parameter and the detected actual value of the second air parameter, and setting the delivery rate to the selected delivery rate value, preferably such that the first delivery rate value is selected.if the recorded actual value of the first air parameter is below a predetermined limit value, and / or the second delivery rate value is selected if the recorded actual value of the first air parameter is above a predetermined second limit value, which in particular corresponds to the first limit value, and wherein the method particularly preferably further comprises the step of: - determining one or more intermediate delivery rate values ​​of the ventilation device, which determine a delivery rate of the ventilation device and which lie between the first and the second delivery rate value,where adjusting the delivery rate includes, in particular, selecting a delivery rate value from a set of the specified first and second delivery rate values ​​and the specified one or more intermediate delivery rate values ​​depending on the recorded actual value of the first air parameter and the recorded actual value of the second air parameter, as well as adjusting the delivery rate to the selected delivery rate value.

8. Method for controlling a heat pump system (101) according to one of claims 6 or 7, wherein the first and the second air parameter are different air parameters.

9. Method for controlling a heat pump system (101) according to one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the method is carried out with the proviso of controlling an air temperature as well as a quantity and / or concentration of a gas in the interior (21) of the safety housing (20), wherein one air characteristic from the first and second air characteristics is a temperature of the air in the interior (21) of the safety housing (20) and the other air characteristic from the first and second air characteristics is a quantity and / or concentration of the gas in the interior (21) of the safety housing (20).

10. Method for controlling a heat pump system (101) according to claim 7, wherein the method comprises the steps of: - setting a setpoint value for the first air parameter; and - determining a deviation between the setpoint value and the measured actual value of the first air parameter; and adjusting the delivery rate depending on the determined deviation.

11. Method for controlling a heat pump system (101) according to claim 10, wherein controlling the ventilation device comprises one or more of the following steps: - stopping the operation of the ventilation device if the determined deviation is below a predetermined first deviation limit; - starting the operation of the ventilation device if the determined deviation exceeds a predetermined second deviation limit, which in particular corresponds to the first deviation limit; and / or wherein the selection of the delivery rate value during the setting of the delivery rate of the ventilation device is carried out such that the first delivery rate value is selected if the determined deviation exceeds a predetermined third deviation limit, which in particular corresponds to the second deviation limit, and / or if the determined deviation is below a predetermined fourth deviation limit;and / or wherein the selection of the delivery rate value during the adjustment of the delivery rate of the ventilation device is carried out in such a way that the second delivery rate value is selected if the determined deviation exceeds a predetermined fifth deviation limit value, which corresponds in particular to the fourth deviation limit value.; 12. Heat pump system comprising: - a control device according to any one of claims 1 to 5; and - a heat pump system (101), further comprising: ∘ at least one safety housing (20), ∘ a working circuit (10) for a working medium, which is at least partially arranged in an interior (21) of the safety housing (20), and ∘ a ventilation device, which is connected to the safety housing (20) and which is configured to supply air to the interior of the safety housing (21) and / or to remove air from it;and wherein the control device for controlling the heat pump system (101) is configured, in particular according to a method according to one of claims 6 to 11, and the heat pump system (101) is preferably installed in a building, wherein the ventilation device is in particular configured to supply air from an area outside the building into the interior of the safety housing (21) and / or to discharge air from the interior (21) of the safety housing (20) into the area outside the building.

13. Heat pump system according to claim 12, wherein the heat pump system additionally comprises at least one hydraulic circuit which is coupled to the working circuit (10) for heat transfer, wherein the working circuit (10) is configured to temper a hydraulic medium flowing in the hydraulic circuit.

14. Computer program product comprising commands which, when executed by a control device according to one of claims 1 to 5 of a heat pump system according to one of claims 12 or 13, cause the control device to execute a method according to one of claims 6 to 11.

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