Heat pump unit, distributed heat pump system, and method for controlling the start-up of distributed heat pump system

Abstract

This disclosure relates to a heat pump device (200) configured to be controlled based on information received from a main controller (120) and including a processor (202), an internal memory (208), and a communication module (204) configured to communicate with one or more nodes (130) via a communication network (121), wherein one of the one or more nodes (130, 131) is a master node (131); the processor (202) is configured to: receive information about the connection status of the communication module (204); determine whether the communication module (204) can communicate with the node (130) based on the received connection status, and when it is determined that the communication module (204) cannot communicate with the node (130, 131): configure the heat pump device (200) to operate in a standby operating mode, and when it is determined that the communication module (204) can communicate with the master node (131): configure the heat pump device (200) to operate in a normal operating mode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to a heat pump device. This disclosure further relates to a distributed heat pump system. This disclosure further relates to a method for controlling the start-up of a distributed heat pump system. Background Technology

[0002] Almost all large, developed cities in the world incorporate at least two types of energy grids into their infrastructure: one for providing electricity and another for providing space heating and hot water production. Currently, the commonly used grid for providing space heating and hot water production is a gas supply network that provides combustible gases (typically fossil fuel gases). The gases supplied by this network are burned locally to provide space heating and hot water. To reduce carbon dioxide emissions, plans are underway to replace this gas supply network with a more "green" and energy-efficient system.

[0003] One such energy-efficient system is the district heating network. The district heating network is an evolution of district heating and district cooling systems, where a combined district heating and district cooling system, using heat pumps for heating and cooling, can simultaneously provide heating, cooling, and hot water supply to a building.

[0004] One drawback of this system is the risk of restarting if the energy system is rapidly loaded after an outage (whether it's a power grid outage or a hydroelectric grid outage). In adverse situations, this could cause the system to enter a state of self-oscillation, during which shutdown may occur due to heat depletion in the hydroelectric loop or an unacceptable rapid loading of the grid; both scenarios could potentially lead to a complete system shutdown. Therefore, if the gas supply network is to be replaced with a more energy-efficient system, there is a need to improve the controllability and efficiency of such an energy-efficient system.

[0005] Therefore, conventional heating and / or cooling systems have several drawbacks. Thus, there is a need in the art to improve upon these aspects. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to mitigate, alleviate or eliminate one or more of the above-mentioned defects and disadvantages in the art, either alone or in any combination, and to at least solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0007] The purpose of this disclosure is to provide a high-efficiency heat pump device.

[0008] Another objective is to provide a flexible heat pump device.

[0009] The purpose of this disclosure is also to provide a highly efficient distributed heat pump system.

[0010] Another objective is to provide a robust distributed heat pump system.

[0011] The purpose of this disclosure is also to provide an efficient method for controlling the start-up of a distributed heat pump system.

[0012] According to a first aspect, a heat pump device is provided, configured to be connected to a central heating network on its first side and to an indoor heating network on its second side to transfer heat energy between the central heating network and the indoor heating network, and configured to be controlled based on information received from a main controller via a communication network, the heat pump device comprising:

[0013] A processor configured to control the heat pump device;

[0014] Internal memory; and

[0015] A communication module configured to communicate with one or more nodes via the communication network, wherein one of the one or more nodes is a master node operatively connected to the master controller;

[0016] The processor is configured as follows:

[0017] a) Receive information about the connection status of the communication module;

[0018] b) Determine whether the communication module can communicate with the one or more nodes based on the received connection status.

[0019] i. When it is determined that the communication module cannot communicate with the one or more nodes: the heat pump device is configured to operate in a standby mode, in which the heat pump device is controlled based on predetermined instructions stored in the internal memory, these predetermined instructions requiring operation at a power level below a predetermined threshold power, which is lower than the maximum operating power of the heat pump device; and

[0020] ii. When it is determined that the communication module is capable of communicating with the master node operatively connected to the master controller: the heat pump unit is configured to operate in a normal operating mode, in which the heat pump unit is controlled based on instructions received from the master controller via the communication network.

[0021] The disclosed heat pump device is advantageous because it enables the connection between consumption demand and distribution and production capacity. This, in turn, provides a more efficient and feasible heat pump device compared to conventional devices.

[0022] The disclosed apparatus is further advantageous because it allows for the efficient and controllable handling of transient processes within the heat pump unit by enabling the heat pump unit to operate in different operating modes based on certain inputs (in this case, information about the connection status of the communication modules included in the heat pump unit). Such transient processes can occur when the heat pump unit begins operation after a period of inactivity. Examples of such scenarios include starting the unit, for example, during commissioning, after a power outage, or after maintenance. The disclosed apparatus is also further advantageous because it reduces the risk of instability in the heat pump unit when handling transient processes. Therefore, it is advantageous because it allows for the efficient and controllable startup of the heat pump unit, for example, after a power outage. In other words, it is advantageous because it allows for efficient and precise control of the heat pump unit, thereby reducing the risk of overload during startup. Thus, by being able to control the heat pump unit and configure it to operate in a specific operating mode, the risk of heat pump unit overload is reduced.

[0023] As used herein, the term "node" should be interpreted as any device, system, unit, etc., capable of maintaining communication with the heat pump unit via a communication network. Therefore, a node can be another heat pump unit that is the same as or similar to the heat pump unit itself. Alternatively, a node can be a device different from the heat pump unit. Such a device can be, for example, a computer, a server, or another system / device with the required communication capabilities. This means that each node includes at least a communication module and optionally a processor.

[0024] As used herein, the term "master node" should be interpreted as a node as described above, and additionally, a node capable of providing instructions on how to operate to heat pump units via a communication network. A master node typically constitutes a server, computer, or any other central control system. However, it is also conceivable that the master node is another heat pump. In the latter example, a heat pump unit can act as a master heat pump unit (i.e., act as the master node) and control the operation of one or more slave heat pump units (other nodes). Thus, the master heat pump unit (i.e., the master node) is operatively connected to a master controller, and the master controller is only permitted to instruct the heat pump units on how to operate via the master node. Other heat pump units or other nodes are not permitted to instruct the heat pump units on how to operate. However, they are allowed to communicate, and each heat pump unit stores instructions on how to operate in its memory, as well as which instructions to select based on the nature of the connection between that heat pump unit and other nodes.

[0025] In this context, "the master node is operatively connected to the master controller" should be interpreted broadly as the ability of any communication received by the master node to reach the master controller and vice versa. Therefore, the master controller is able to transmit information and / or instructions to any other node and receive information and / or instructions from any other node. This is advantageous because it allows for efficient and precise control of the heat pump unit, while also preventing overload of the heat pump system or heating network.

[0026] One or more nodes are typically positioned far apart from each other. As an example, if each apartment in a building is equipped with a corresponding heat pump unit defining a specific node, these nodes are located in different rooms / areas, and sometimes even on different floors. The main node can be located in another building or infrastructure, or even more remotely. Thus, the heat pump unit can be introduced into a residence or area, for example, into a controlled space within a building. The unit can be configured to cover an area, i.e., to provide heating and / or running water to that area. The area can be the entire building or an entire region, or it can be part of a building or region. The unit can be configured to provide heating and / or running water to a building or a part of a building.

[0027] A heat pump unit may include a refrigerant circulation path comprising a first heat exchanger unit, a compressor, a second heat exchanger unit, and an expander. The first heat exchanger unit, compressor, second heat exchanger unit, and expander are sequentially connected to each other. In a preferred embodiment, each apartment in a building includes a heat pump unit for generating comfort heat and running water in the respective apartment. In this case, where each apartment in the building includes a heat pump unit, the building may have a heat pump system comprising the heat pump units arranged in the respective apartments. Thus, multiple heat pump units form a heat pump system. In other words, multiple heat pump units construct a heat pump unit network within one or more buildings. The heat pump system can be a centralized or decentralized heat pump system. In a decentralized heat pump system, no single heat pump unit or node has control; instead, each heat pump unit is configured to be controlled individually.

[0028] Communication between the various heat pump units in this system can be achieved through a mesh network. A mesh network is a network topology in which infrastructure nodes (i.e., heat pump units) are directly, dynamically, and non-hierarchically connected to as many other nodes as possible and cooperate with each other to efficiently route data between them. Mesh networks are advantageous because they do not require each of one or more nodes to have direct contact with every other node. Instead, data transmitted to a particular node can be transmitted via one or more intermediate nodes that simply forward the data. Non-limiting examples of currently available mesh network solutions include ZigBee and Z-wave. The heat pump system will be discussed in further detail below.

[0029] The main controller can be a cloud-based server or a remote server. The main controller can be included in one or more heat pump units. The main controller is configured to transmit instructions to the processor regarding how the heat pump unit should operate. In this way, it is possible to control the heat pump unit efficiently. This is possible when the heat pump unit is operating in normal operating mode, in which the heat pump unit's communication module is able to communicate with the master node, which is in turn operatively connected to the main controller. As long as the heat pump unit is operating in normal operating mode, the main controller is able to adjust how the heat pump unit operates. Therefore, although it is permissible for the heat pump unit to operate at its maximum operating power, there may be reasons not to. In this context, the maximum operating power is the maximum operating power of the compressor. Therefore, it is the upper limit of the compressor's operation.

[0030] The term "communication network" herein refers to a set of common rules or standards that allow communication to be established between the communication module of a heat pump unit and each of one or more nodes, including the master node. This means that the term "communication network" as used herein must be interpreted broadly. As will be readily understood by those skilled in the art, communication initiated between multiple devices (e.g., within a mesh network) will be based on the establishment of multiple port-to-port communication links, which allows each selected pair of devices to communicate with each other individually. However, as will be readily understood, such individual port-to-port communication between two devices defines only a portion of the overall communication required for each device to communicate with any other device. The communication network encompasses all these port-to-port links and therefore allows data to be transferred between any two selected devices, even if these devices are not directly port-to-port connected to each other.

[0031] The processor can be configured to determine in which operating mode the heat pump device can operate and to configure the heat pump device to operate in said operating mode. It is advantageous to have a heat pump device (which has a processor configured to determine in which operating mode the heat pump device should operate and to configure the heat pump device to operate in said operating mode) because it allows for efficient control of the heat pump device. This provides controlled operation of the heat pump device.

[0032] Therefore, depending on the operating mode of the heat pump unit, it is controlled based on internal instructions stored in its internal memory and / or external instructions received from the main controller via the master node. In this way, the heat pump unit always knows how to operate; however, when the communication module can communicate with the master node, it is possible to control the operation in a more efficient and precise manner. By storing instructions internally, the heat pump unit can operate even without communication with the master node. Therefore, although the heat pump unit cannot communicate with the main controller, it can still operate, but in a limited mode.

[0033] The internal instructions include a framework for how the heat pump unit should be controlled under different operating modes and based on different connection states. The predetermined threshold power can be based on heat pump unit characteristics (maximum compressor power, maximum direct electric heater power). The predetermined threshold power can be a percentage of the maximum operating power. The predetermined threshold power can be determined based on additional information, such as installation information, like the building's electrical capacity.

[0034] By way of example, an instruction could be: the heat pump unit should operate at 40% of its maximum operating power, typically for a few seconds or minutes, then at 60% of its maximum operating power, typically for a few seconds or minutes, and then at 80% of its maximum operating power, typically for a few seconds or minutes. This is advantageous because it allows the heat pump unit to gradually increase its operation while operating in standby mode. By way of example, an instruction could be: the heat pump unit should operate at a certain percentage of its maximum operating power until it can communicate with the master node and thus operate in normal operating mode. By way of example, an instruction could be: the heat pump unit should not operate, typically for a few seconds or minutes (i.e., operate at 0% of its maximum operating power). In other words, internal instructions can include instructions related to details that the heat pump unit should explicitly specify, enabling the heat pump unit to operate, albeit at limited operating power, even when communication with the master controller is unavailable. This is advantageous because it allows for successive loading of the heat pump unit by configuring it to initially operate under limiting conditions and then gradually increasing the power to the maximum operating power based on information or instructions, thereby reducing the risk of overloading the heat pump unit. It should be clearly emphasized that these figures should be considered merely as examples, and instructions may include any combination of information instructing the heat pump unit to operate in a certain manner.

[0035] External commands can include information in a similar manner to internal commands. Therefore, while allowing the heat pump unit to operate at maximum operating power, the main controller can transmit commands instructing the heat pump unit to operate in a different manner.

[0036] As already stated, in standby operating mode, the heat pump unit is prohibited from operating at maximum operating power. When the heat pump unit is configured to operate in standby operating mode, it is instead controlled based on predetermined instructions stored in the internal memory. In standby operating mode, the heat pump unit cannot communicate with the main controller, and therefore cannot receive instructions from the main controller.

[0037] In normal operating mode, the heat pump unit is allowed to operate at maximum operating power. However, although the heat pump unit is allowed to operate at maximum operating power, commands received from the main controller can limit this opportunity. By way of example, the heat pump unit can be controlled based on commands received from the main controller, but it can also be controlled based on predetermined commands stored in the internal memory.

[0038] Step b) may further include, when it is determined that the communication module cannot communicate with the master node operatively connected to the master controller, but is able to communicate with at least one of the one or more additional nodes: configuring the heat pump device to operate in an intermediate standby operating mode, in which the heat pump device is controlled based on the predetermined instructions and the connection status with the at least one additional node.

[0039] In intermediate standby operation mode, the heat pump unit is controlled based on predetermined commands, internal commands stored in its internal memory, and connection status. Therefore, the intermediate standby operation mode can differ between two heat pumps connected to each other and ten heat pumps connected to each other. For example, the connection status can be the number of slave nodes to which the heat pump unit is connected, the location of the slave nodes, or how the slave nodes are instructed to operate. Intermediate standby operation mode is generally less restricted than standby operation mode but more restricted than normal operation mode. Therefore, in intermediate standby operation mode, the heat pump unit can be allowed to operate at a higher power than it is allowed to operate at in standby operation mode. In other words, in intermediate standby operation mode, predetermined commands require the heat pump unit to operate at a power higher than a predetermined threshold power but lower than the maximum operating power.

[0040] This is advantageous because it allows the heat pump unit to operate in a less restricted mode compared to the standby operating mode, and therefore closer to the normal operating mode. This provides a highly efficient heat pump unit.

[0041] It should be noted that when the heat pump unit is operating in the intermediate standby operating mode, the heat pump unit can be configured to operate in any manner based on internal commands that is not equivalent to the standby operating mode or the normal operating mode.

[0042] The processor can be configured to perform steps a) and b) when the heat pump device transitions from a power-off state where no power is supplied from the external power grid to a power-on state where power is supplied from the external power grid, or when the communication module loses its communication with the master node.

[0043] As discussed above, the disclosed heat pump unit allows for the efficient and controllable handling of transient processes within the heat pump unit. "When the heat pump unit transitions from a power-off state to a power-on state" can be interpreted as the heat pump unit being started. This can occur after a power outage, heat pump unit maintenance, etc. As mentioned above, this is advantageous because it allows the heat pump unit to operate efficiently.

[0044] If the heat pump unit loses its communication with the master node, the heat pump unit must operate according to its internal instructions because it has lost communication with the master controller.

[0045] The predetermined threshold power can be 10% to 30% of the maximum operating power. The predetermined threshold power can be 1 kW to 2 kW. Therefore, the predetermined threshold power can be a percentage of the maximum operating power and / or the absolute value of the maximum operating power. This is advantageous because if the heat pump unit is not operating in normal operating mode, it will not operate at its maximum operating power, thereby reducing the risk of overloading the heat pump unit and, by extension, the risk of overloading the heat pump system.

[0046] When the heat pump unit is configured to operate in standby mode or intermediate standby mode, it can operate at 0 kW. In this case, operation of the heat pump unit is not permitted at all. Therefore, the heat pump unit is allowed to operate at 0% of its maximum operating power.

[0047] Once the processor determines that the communication module cannot communicate with one or more nodes, the processor can be further configured to continuously receive information about the connection status of the communication module. In other words, as long as the heat pump unit is configured to operate in standby mode, the processor can be further configured to continuously receive information about the connection status of the communication module.

[0048] If the processor determines that the communication module cannot communicate with the master node but can communicate with at least one other node, the processor can be further configured to continuously receive information about the connection status of the communication module. In other words, as long as the heat pump unit is configured to operate in an intermediate standby mode, the processor can be further configured to continuously receive information about the connection status of the communication module.

[0049] When the heat pump unit starts and operates in the desired manner, the communication module is able to communicate with the master node, thereby allowing the heat pump unit to operate at maximum operating power. Therefore, the desired manner is typically when the heat pump unit can communicate with the master node. When the heat pump unit does not start and operate in the desired manner, i.e., when the communication module cannot communicate with the master node, it is advantageous for the processor to acquire continuous information about the connection state, enabling the processor to know when the heat pump starts and operates in the desired manner. In this way, the heat pump unit can operate in the most efficient manner. It is further advantageous for the processor to acquire information when the communication module changes from being unable to communicate with any node to being able to communicate with one or more nodes but not with the master node. In this way, it is possible to adjust the operating mode based on internal instructions stored in the heat pump unit's internal memory. Therefore, this also promotes the heat pump unit operating in the most efficient and desired manner.

[0050] By way of example, if the heat pump unit is configured to operate in normal operating mode, the processor can be configured to receive information about the connection status of the communication module. In this context, this is advantageous, allowing the processor to acquire information if the heat pump unit loses communication with one or more nodes. If this is the case, the processor can be configured to configure the heat pump unit to operate in a standby or intermediate operating mode, rather than in normal operating mode, based on the received connection status.

[0051] When the heat pump unit operates in normal operating mode, it can be configured to operate at maximum operating power. As mentioned above, normal operating mode is the desired operating mode for the heat pump unit, in which it operates in the desired manner.

[0052] When a heat pump unit is configured to operate in intermediate standby mode, predetermined commands allow the heat pump unit to operate at a power level higher than a predetermined threshold power but lower than the maximum operating power of the heat pump unit. As mentioned above, intermediate standby mode is less restricted than standby mode, but more restricted than normal operation mode.

[0053] Each of one or more nodes can be operatively connected to another heat pump unit or cloud server. In this way, it is possible to create a mesh network as discussed above. It is also possible to create a heat pump system comprising multiple heat pump units. As mentioned above, this will be discussed in further detail below. Therefore, the master node can be configured to communicate with more than one heat pump unit and thus be able to send commands to more than one heat pump unit. By way of example, the commands to different heat pump units can be different.

[0054] A heat pump unit may further include a direct electric heater. The direct electric heater can be placed in a heat storage tank, and in this case, the heat pump unit may also include a heat storage tank. When the heat pump unit includes a direct electric heater, the maximum operating power of the heat pump unit will be the sum of the maximum operating power of the compressor and the maximum operating power of the direct electric heater. Having a direct electric heater can be advantageous because it allows for faster heating, thereby improving user comfort. In particular, having a direct electric heater allows the operation of the heat pump unit to be better adapted to specific conditions. As an example, when the outdoor temperature is low, the heat transfer provided by the refrigerant circulation path may have to be directed only to the radiator. In this case, the direct electric heater can be used to selectively heat hot tap water.

[0055] The predetermined command may require the compressor of the heat pump device to operate at a power level below a first predetermined threshold power, and require the direct electric heater to operate at a power level below a second predetermined threshold power, wherein the sum of the first predetermined threshold power and the second predetermined threshold power is equal to the predetermined threshold power.

[0056] The compressor forms part of the refrigerant circulation path and is the primary power consumption unit for the heat transfer process performed in the refrigerant circulation path.

[0057] This can be advantageous because it allows for more detailed customization of the predetermined instructions for the heat pump unit by allowing the heat transfer process provided by the refrigerant circulation path to be controlled separately from the direct heating provided by the direct electric heater.

[0058] As an example, the first predetermined threshold power can be zero and / or the second predetermined threshold power can be zero.

[0059] In other words, two predetermined threshold power values ​​can be defined for the heat pump unit: a first predetermined threshold power value related to the compressor, and a second predetermined threshold power value related to the direct electric heater. The first predetermined threshold power value can be lower than the maximum operating power of the compressor. The second predetermined threshold power value can be lower than the maximum operating power of the direct electric heater. The first and second predetermined threshold power values ​​can be set individually, provided that their sum does not exceed the predetermined threshold power value of the (entire) heat pump unit. By way of example, when the heat pump unit is operating in an intermediate standby operating mode or a standby operating mode, a predetermined instruction may include an instruction in which the first predetermined threshold power value is equal to the predetermined threshold power value of the heat pump unit and the second predetermined threshold power value is equal to 0. As will be readily understood by those skilled in the art, such an instruction implies that compressor operation is permitted but direct electric heater operation is not permitted. Alternatively, the first predetermined threshold power value can be lower than the predetermined threshold power value of the heat pump unit, thereby allowing the second predetermined threshold power value to be non-zero. This allows the direct electric heater to also be used during the intermediate standby operating mode or the standby operating mode.

[0060] The communication network can be wired or wireless. In other words, the communication module and one or more nodes of the heat pump unit can be connected via wired or wireless means. The communication module and one or more nodes can be connected via a data bus such as RS-485. The communication module and one or more nodes can be connected wirelessly via Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and / or cellular communication. Furthermore, the main node and the main controller can be connected via wired or wireless means. The main node and the main controller can be connected via a data bus such as RS-485. The main node and the main controller can be connected wirelessly via Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and / or cellular communication. It should be understood that any communication means and / or protocols capable of interconnecting control units to allow information to be sent and received between them are suitable for this task. Therefore, in this context, the manner in which the communication network is implemented should not be construed as restrictive. This is advantageous because it allows the communication network to be designed in the desired manner.

[0061] According to a second aspect, a decentralized heat pump system is provided, the decentralized heat pump system comprising:

[0062] Multiple heat pump devices according to the first aspect,

[0063] Main communication module, and

[0064] The main controller is configured to communicate with each of the plurality of heat pump units via the main communication module.

[0065] The main controller is further configured as follows:

[0066] a) Receive information about the system connection status of the main communication module;

[0067] b) Determine whether the main communication module can communicate with a specific heat pump unit among the multiple heat pump units based on the received system connection status; and

[0068] When it is determined that the main communication module can communicate with the specific heat pump device: a command is transmitted to the specific heat pump device through the communication network to configure the specific heat pump device to operate in a normal operating mode, in which the specific heat pump device is controlled based on the transmitted command.

[0069] The effects and features of the second aspect are largely similar to those described above in conjunction with the first aspect. The embodiments mentioned in the first aspect are largely compatible with the second aspect. Therefore, the disclosed distributed heat pump system is advantageous because it provides the ability to link consumption demand with distribution and production capacity. This, in turn, provides a more efficient and feasible heat pump system compared to conventional systems.

[0070] The disclosed system is further advantageous because it reduces the risk of instability in the heat pump system. In this context, instability can involve all heat pump units requesting maximum operating power to quickly reach the desired indoor temperature after a prolonged power outage in winter, when all apartments in a building are significantly colder than expected. This can create the risk of power spikes, potentially leading to further power outages in the building. In other words, the disclosed system reduces the risk of the system overloading prematurely. Instead, only heat pump units capable of communicating with the master node are allowed to operate at maximum operating power. This also reduces the risk of the system falling into self-oscillation, and consequently, the risk of shutdown due to hydraulically depleted heat or unacceptable rapid loading by the grid. As a result, the risk of system-wide shutdown is also reduced.

[0071] The main controller can be a cloud-based server or a remote server. Alternatively, the main controller can be part of another heat pump unit. This other heat pump unit can be similar to or the same as a heat pump unit in a multi-unit system. This means that one heat pump unit in the system can act as the main heat pump unit and have authority over the other heat pump units in the system.

[0072] As used herein in describing a heat pump device, one or more nodes should be interpreted as any remote device, system, or unit capable of establishing communication with the communication module via a communication channel. This means that in a distributed heat pump system, the main controller and the main communication module define the main node, and any additional node among the one or more nodes defines another device / system / unit located remotely from the main node, such as a heat pump module among multiple heat pump modules.

[0073] According to a third aspect, a method for controlling the startup of a distributed heat pump system according to a second aspect is provided, the method comprising:

[0074] Receive information about the system connection status of the main communication module;

[0075] Based on the received system connection status, determine whether the main communication module can communicate with a specific heat pump unit among the multiple heat pump units; and

[0076] When it is determined that the main communication module can communicate with the specific heat pump device: the main controller transmits instructions from the main controller to the specific heat pump device through the communication network in order to configure the specific heat pump device to operate in a normal operating mode, in which the specific heat pump device is controlled based on the transmitted instructions.

[0077] The method may further include, before transmitting instructions from the main controller to the specific heat pump unit:

[0078] Receive information about the total number of heat pump units included in the distributed heat pump system;

[0079] Receive information about the number of heat pump units included in the distributed heat pump system, with which the main communication module can communicate, and

[0080] The instructions to be transmitted to the specific heat pump are prepared based on the number of heat pump devices that the main communication module can communicate with and the total number of these heat pump devices.

[0081] This is particularly advantageous when a heat pump system comprises multiple heat pump units operating in different operating modes. Thus, some heat pump units can operate in normal operating mode, some in intermediate standby operating mode, and some in standby operating mode. The term "total number of heat pump units" in this document refers to all heat pump units initially installed in the heat pump system. Therefore, instructions can be based on the number of heat pump units that the main communication module can communicate with out of the total number of heat pump units. While allowing heat pump units capable of communicating with the master node to operate at maximum operating power is permitted, the main controller can limit this opportunity if the main communication module is connected only to a certain percentage of the total number of heat pump units. For example, if the main communication module is connected only to 10% of the total number of heat pump units in the system, the main controller can limit this opportunity. This can be particularly advantageous when the main communication module is only able to communicate with a few heat pump units in the system, thereby attempting to reduce the risk of system overload. In this way, the system can operate in a controlled and efficient manner.

[0082] The effects and features of the second and third aspects are largely similar to those described above in conjunction with the first aspect. The embodiments mentioned with respect to the first aspect are largely compatible with the second and third aspects. It should also be noted that, unless explicitly stated otherwise, the inventive concept involves all possible combinations of features. The further scope of the invention will become clear from the detailed description given below. However, it should be understood that while the detailed description and specific examples indicate preferred embodiments of the invention, they are given in an illustrative manner only, as various variations and modifications within the scope of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art based on this detailed description.

[0083] Therefore, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific components of the described apparatus or the steps of the described method, as such apparatus and methods can be modified. It should also be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. It must be noted that, unless the context clearly specifies otherwise, the articles “a,” “an,” “the,” and “described” as used in this specification and the appended claims are intended to mean the presence of one or more elements. Thus, for example, references to “unit” or “the unit” can include several devices, etc. Furthermore, the words “comprising,” “including,” “containing,” and similar wording do not exclude other elements or steps.

[0084] In short, this disclosure also relates to an arrangement comprising: a heat pump; a buffer tank; a switchable duct system configured to fluidly connect the heat pump to a radiator circuit or the buffer tank; a tap water heat exchange circuit including a circulation pump; one or more first sensors configured to acquire first data; one or more second sensors configured to acquire second data; and one or more control units configured to perform the following functions when the heat pump is fluidly connected to the radiator circuit: a determination function configured to determine a data relationship between the first data and the second data; and a comparison function configured to compare the data relationship with a comparison criterion, and, if the comparison does not meet the comparison criterion: control the circulation pump such that the temperature of the heat buffer fluid in the second portion decreases. Attached Figure Description

[0085] The present disclosure will be described in more detail by way of example with reference to the illustrative accompanying drawings, which illustrate currently preferred embodiments of the invention.

[0086] Figure 1 The diagram illustrates a distributed heat pump system.

[0087] Figure 2 The diagram illustrates a heat pump device.

[0088] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for controlling the startup of a distributed heat pump system. Detailed Implementation

[0089] The invention will now be described more fully below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which presently preferred embodiments of the invention are illustrated. However, the invention may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so as to provide thoroughness and completeness and to fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. The same reference numerals refer to the same elements throughout the text.

[0090] refer to Figure 1 A distributed heat pump system 100 is illustrated by way of example. The distributed heat pump system 100 includes multiple heat pump units 200. The distributed heat pump system 100 is preferably used to supply heat and / or cooling and / or running water, etc., to a building 110. In a preferred embodiment, each apartment in the building 110 includes a corresponding heat pump unit 200 for generating comfortable heat and running water in the respective apartment, wherein all the heat pump units 200 included in the building 110 form the distributed heat pump system 100. Figure 1 In this building 110, there are three heat pump units 200, and therefore typically include three apartments. Hereinafter, the decentralized heat pump system 100 is also referred to as "System 100".

[0091] like Figure 2 As best illustrated, the heat pump unit 200 includes a first inlet port 241a and a first outlet port 241b, as well as a second inlet port 242b and a second outlet port 242a. The heat pump unit 200 is connected on its first side to a central heating network 101 via the first inlet port 241a and the first outlet port 241b, and on its second side to an indoor heating network 103 via the second inlet port 242b and the second outlet port 242a, so as to transfer heat energy between the central heating network 101 and the indoor heating network 103.

[0092] The heat pump unit 200 further includes a refrigerant circulation path 244. The refrigerant circulation path 244 includes a first heat exchanger unit 245 and a second heat exchanger unit 247, as well as a compressor 246 and an expander 248. The first heat exchanger unit 245 is fluidly connected to a first inlet port 241a and a first outlet port 241b. The second heat exchanger unit 247 is fluidly connected to a second inlet port 242b and a second outlet port 242a. The refrigerant circulation path 244 preferably circulates refrigerant through the first heat exchanger unit 245, the compressor 246, the second heat exchanger unit 247, and the expander 248. The refrigerant and a first fluid (received via the central heating network 101) are configured to exchange heat energy with each other in the first heat exchanger unit 245, causing the temperature of the refrigerant to rise and the temperature of the first fluid to fall. The first fluid returns to the central heating network 101. Refrigerant circulates from the first heat exchanger unit 245 to the compressor 246, which is configured to further increase the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant before supplying it to the second heat exchanger unit 247. The refrigerant and the second fluid are configured to exchange heat with each other in the second heat exchanger unit 247, causing the temperature of the refrigerant to decrease and the temperature of the second fluid to increase. The second fluid is supplied to the indoor heating network 103. Refrigerant circulates from the second heat exchanger unit 247 to the expander 248, which is configured to control the amount of refrigerant released into the first heat exchanger unit 245.

[0093] The heat pump device 200 further includes a processor 202 configured to control the heat pump device 200. The heat pump device 200 further includes an internal memory 208 configured to store internal instructions regarding how the heat pump device 200 should operate in different operating modes. The heat pump device 200 further includes a communication module 204 configured to communicate with one or more nodes 130, 131 via a communication network 121.

[0094] like Figure 2 As illustrated, the heat pump unit 200 is configured to communicate with three nodes 130, 131, one of which is a master node 131. The master node 131 is operatively connected to a master controller 120. Each of the nodes 130, 131 may be operatively connected to a processor 202 of the heat pump unit 200, or to another device with processing capabilities, such as a computer, controller, or cloud server. Nodes 130, 131 can therefore be [missing information - likely related to communication with a processor 202]. Figure 2 The heat pump device illustrated is a heat pump device with the same or similar features as the heat pump device 200 shown in the figure. It is also conceivable that the main node 131 includes... Figure 2 The heat pump device 200 illustrated has the same or similar features as the heat pump device described above. This means that the main node 131 is not necessarily composed of, for example, heat pump devices. Figure 2The device is defined as indicated elsewhere. Alternatively, in systems based on multiple heat pump units, such as... Figure 1 As illustrated, one of the multiple heat pump units selected can act as the main heat pump unit and therefore as the master node 131. The processor 202 of this main heat pump unit can then act as the main controller 120, and its communication module 204 can act as the main communication module 125. The communication network 121 can be wired or wireless.

[0095] Return to reference Figure 1 The illustration shows that the heat pump unit 200 of building 110 can be defined as node 130 as discussed above. In this example, node 130 is located away from the master node 131. The illustration further shows that system 100 includes a master node 131 located outside building 110. The master node 131 can also be any node among the nodes 130 included within building 110.

[0096] Return to reference Figure 2 The processor 202 is configured to receive information regarding the connection status of the communication module 204. This connection status information determines whether the communication module 204 can communicate with one or more nodes 130, 131, and particularly whether it can communicate with the master node 131. If the communication module 204 cannot communicate with nodes 130, 131, the processor 202 is configured to configure the heat pump device 200 to operate in a standby mode. In standby mode, the heat pump device 200 is controlled based on predetermined instructions stored in its internal memory 208. When the heat pump device 200 is configured to operate in standby mode, the predetermined instructions require operation at a power level below a predetermined threshold power. This predetermined threshold power is preferably below the maximum operating power of the heat pump device 200. As long as the processor 202 determines that the communication module 204 cannot communicate with one or more nodes 130, 131, the processor 202 is further configured to continuously receive information regarding the connection status of the communication module 204.

[0097] If communication module 204 cannot communicate with master node 131 but can communicate with at least one other node 130, processor 202 is configured to operate heat pump device 200 in an intermediate standby operating mode. In intermediate standby operating mode, heat pump device 200 is controlled based on predetermined instructions stored in internal memory 208 of heat pump device 200 and the connection status with at least one other node 130. Intermediate standby operating mode is less restrictive than standby operating mode. In intermediate standby operating mode, predetermined instructions require heat pump device 200 to operate at a power level above a predetermined threshold power but below the maximum operating power. As long as processor 202 determines that communication module 204 cannot communicate with master node 131 but can communicate with at least one other node 130, processor 202 is further configured to continuously receive information about the connection status of communication module 204.

[0098] If the communication module 204 can communicate with the master node, the processor 202 is configured to operate the heat pump unit 200 in normal operating mode. In normal operating mode, the heat pump unit 200 is allowed to operate at maximum operating power. In normal operating mode, the heat pump unit 200 is controlled based on instructions received from the master controller 120 via the communication network 121.

[0099] Processor 202 can be configured to operate the heat pump device 200 in different operating modes when the heat pump device 200 transitions from a power-off state to a power-on state. In the power-off state, no power is supplied to the heat pump device 200 from the external power grid. In the power-on state, power is supplied to the heat pump device 200 from the external power grid. Processor 202 can also be configured to operate the heat pump device 200 in different operating modes when communication module 204 loses communication with master node 131.

[0100] The predetermined threshold power can be 10% to 30% of the maximum operating power. The predetermined threshold power can also be 0.

[0101] The heat pump device 200 may further include a direct electric heater 206. When the heat pump device 200 includes the direct electric heater 206, the maximum operating power of the heat pump device 200 will be the sum of the maximum operating power of the compressor 246 and the maximum operating power of the direct electric heater 206. Therefore, two predetermined threshold power can be defined for the heat pump device 200: a first predetermined threshold power related to the compressor 246 and a second predetermined threshold power related to the direct electric heater 206. The first and second predetermined threshold power can be set individually, provided that their sum does not exceed the predetermined threshold power of the entire heat pump device 200. As a non-limiting example, if the maximum operating power of the compressor 246 is 6 kW and the maximum operating power of the direct electric heater 206 is 2 kW, then the maximum operating power of the heat pump device 200 will be 8 kW. Predetermined instructions stored in the internal memory 208 of the heat pump device 200 can require operation at a power level below the predetermined threshold power of 5 kW. The predetermined instructions can further require that the direct electric heater 206 is not allowed to operate (i.e., the second predetermined threshold is 0). As will be readily understood by those skilled in the art, for this example, the first predetermined threshold power will be 5 kW. However, any other combination is conceivable. For example, the first predetermined threshold power could be 4 kW, and the second predetermined threshold power could be 1 kW. The latter example would allow the direct electric heater to operate at 50% of its maximum capacity, which may have certain advantages in some installation scenarios. In particular, the provision of the direct electric heater 206 allows the operation of the heat pump unit 200 to be better adapted to specific conditions. As an example, when the outdoor temperature is low, the heat transfer provided by the refrigerant circulation path may have to be directed only to the radiator. In this case, the direct electric heater 206 can be used to selectively heat hot tap water.

[0102] Return to reference Figure 1 System 100 further includes a main communication module 125. System 100 further includes a main controller 120 configured to communicate with each of the plurality of heat pump devices 200 via the main communication module 125. As illustrated, the main communication module 125 and the main controller 120 are included in a master node 131. However, the master node 131 may be another heat pump device 200, and if so, the main communication module 125 may be a communication module 204, and the main controller 120 may be a processor 202.

[0103] The main controller 120 is further configured to receive information regarding the system connection status of the main communication module 125. The main controller 120 is further configured to determine, based on the received system connection status, whether the main communication module 125 is capable of communicating with any of the multiple heat pump devices 200. If the main communication module 125 is capable of communicating with the heat pump device 200, the main controller 120 is further configured to transmit instructions to the heat pump device 200 via the communication network 121 to configure a specific heat pump device 200 to operate in a normal operating mode, in which the heat pump device 200 is controlled based on the transmitted instructions.

[0104] The main controller 120 can be a cloud-based server or a remote server. Alternatively, the main controller 120 can form part of another heat pump unit 200. The other heat pump unit 200 can be similar to or the same as one of the multiple heat pump units 200. This means that one heat pump unit 200 in system 100 can act as the main heat pump unit and have the authority to control the other heat pump units 200 in system 100.

[0105] refer to Figure 3 A flowchart illustrating a method 300 for controlling the startup of a distributed heat pump system 100 is shown by way of example. System 100 corresponds to... Figure 1 The system 100 shown in the figure.

[0106] Method 300 includes receiving information S302 regarding the system connection status of the main communication module 125.

[0107] In the next step, method 300 includes determining, based on the received system connection status, whether the main communication module 125 of S304 is able to communicate with a specific heat pump device 200 among the plurality of heat pump devices 200.

[0108] Subsequently, method 300 includes, when it is determined that the main communication module 125 is capable of communicating with a specific heat pump device 200, transmitting instructions from the autonomous controller 120 to the specific heat pump device 200 via the communication network 121 for S306, so as to configure the specific heat pump device 200 to operate in a normal operating mode, in which the heat pump device 200 is controlled based on the transmitted instructions.

[0109] Optionally, method 300 includes receiving, S308, information about the total number of heat pump units 200 included in the distributed heat pump system 100 before transmitting instructions from the main controller 120 to a specific heat pump unit 200 in S306. This total number of heat pump units 200 may be a predetermined value that does not change over time, typically defined at the time of system installation. Alternatively, the system is adaptive and heat pump units 200 may be added to the heat pump system 100 manually or automatically over time, depending on which heat pump units 200 are installed in the area, etc. In either case, there is a clearly defined total number of heat pump units 200 associated with the system 100 at any given time. After receiving information about the total number of heat pump units 200 in the system 100, method 300 may include receiving, S310, information about the number of these heat pump units 200 with which the main communication module 125 can communicate. As previously stated, while allowing heat pump units 200 capable of communicating with master node 131 to operate at maximum operating power, the master controller 120 can limit this opportunity if the master communication module 125 is connected only to a certain percentage of the total number of heat pump units 200. In other words, the method may further include preparing instructions to be transmitted to a specific heat pump unit 200 in S312 based on the number of heat pump units 200 to which the master communication module 125 can communicate and the total number of heat pump units 200. For example, if the master communication module is connected only to 10% of the total number of heat pump units in the system, the master controller can limit this opportunity. This can be particularly advantageous when the master communication module is only able to communicate with a few heat pump units in the system, thereby attempting to reduce the risk of system overload. In this way, the system can operate in a controlled and efficient manner.

[0110] Although the diagrams and descriptions are presented in a specific order, other orders may also be used.

[0111] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the present invention is by no means limited to the preferred embodiments described above. Rather, many modifications and variations are possible within the scope of the appended claims. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will understand and implement variations of the disclosed embodiments in practicing the claimed invention by studying the accompanying drawings, this disclosure, and the appended claims.

Claims

1. A heat pump device (200) configured to be connected to a central heating network (101) on a first side and to an indoor heating network (103) on a second side to transfer heat energy between the central heating network (101) and the indoor heating network (103), and configured to be controlled based on information received from a main controller (120) via a communication network (121), the heat pump device (200) comprising: Processor (202) configured to control the heat pump device (200); Internal memory (208); as well as A communication module (204) is configured to communicate with one or more nodes (130, 131) via the communication network (121), wherein one of the one or more nodes (130, 131) is a master node (131) operatively connected to the master controller (120). The processor (202) is configured as follows: a) Receive information about the connection status of the communication module (204); b) Determine whether the communication module (204) can communicate with the one or more nodes (130, 131) based on the received connection status. i. When it is determined that the communication module (204) cannot communicate with the one or more nodes (130, 131): the heat pump device (200) is configured to operate in a standby operation mode, in which the heat pump device (200) is controlled based on predetermined instructions stored in the internal memory (208), the predetermined instructions requiring operation at a power level below a predetermined threshold power, which is lower than the maximum operating power of the heat pump device (200); and ii. When it is determined that the communication module (204) is capable of communicating with the master node (131) operably connected to the master controller (120): the heat pump unit (200) is configured to operate in a normal operating mode, in which the heat pump unit (200) is controlled based on instructions received from the master controller (120) through the communication network (121).

2. The heat pump device (200) according to claim 1, wherein, Step b) further includes: iii. When it is determined that the communication module (204) cannot communicate with the master node (131) operatively connected to the master controller (120), but is able to communicate with at least one additional node (130) among the one or more nodes (130, 131): the heat pump device (200) is configured to operate in an intermediate standby operating mode, in which the heat pump device (200) is controlled based on the predetermined instructions and the connection status with the at least one additional node (130).

3. The heat pump device (200) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The processor (202) is configured to perform steps a) and b) in the following situations: The heat pump unit (200) transitions from a power outage state (no power supply from the external power grid) to a power-on state (power supply from the external power grid), or... The communication module (204) loses communication with the master node (131).

4. The heat pump device (200) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The predetermined threshold power is 10% to 30% of the maximum operating power.

5. The heat pump device (200) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, When the heat pump unit is configured to operate in the standby operating mode or the intermediate standby operating mode, the heat pump unit operates at 0 kW.

6. The heat pump device (200) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, When the heat pump unit (200) is operating in the normal operating mode, the heat pump unit (200) is configured to operate at the maximum operating power.

7. The heat pump device (200) according to claim 2 or any one of claims 3 to 6 as dependent on claim 2, wherein, When the heat pump unit (200) is configured to operate in the intermediate standby operating mode, the predetermined command allows the heat pump unit (200) to operate at a power level higher than the predetermined threshold power and lower than the maximum operating power of the heat pump unit (200).

8. The heat pump device (200) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, Each of the one or more nodes (130, 131) is operatively connected to another heat pump unit (200) or a cloud server.

9. The heat pump device (200) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The heat pump unit (200) further includes a direct electric heater (206).

10. The heat pump device (200) according to claim 9, wherein, The predetermined command requires the compressor (246) of the heat pump device (200) to operate at a power lower than a first predetermined threshold power, and requires the direct electric heater (206) to operate at a power lower than a second predetermined threshold power, wherein the first predetermined threshold power and the second predetermined threshold power are equal to the predetermined threshold power.

11. The heat pump device (200) according to claim 10, wherein, The first predetermined threshold power is zero and / or the second predetermined threshold power is zero.

12. The heat pump device (200) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The communication network (121) is either wired or wireless.

13. A decentralized heat pump system (100), comprising: Multiple heat pump devices (200) according to any one of claims 1 to 12. Main communication module (125), and A main controller (120) is configured to communicate with each of the plurality of heat pump units (200) via the main communication module (125). The main controller (120) is further configured as follows: a) Receive information about the system connection status of the main communication module (125); b) Determine whether the main communication module (125) can communicate with a specific heat pump unit (200) among the plurality of heat pump units (200) based on the received system connection status; and c) When it is determined that the main communication module (125) is able to communicate with the specific heat pump device (200): transmits instructions to the specific heat pump device (200) through the communication network (121) to configure the specific heat pump device (200) to operate in a normal operating mode, in which the specific heat pump device (200) is controlled based on the transmitted instructions.

14. A method (300) for controlling the start-up of a distributed heat pump system (100) according to claim 13, the method (300) comprising: Receive (S302) information about the system connection status of the main communication module (125); Based on the received system connection status, determine (S304) whether the main communication module (125) is able to communicate with a specific heat pump device (200) among the plurality of heat pump devices (200); as well as When it is determined that the main communication module (125) is able to communicate with the specific heat pump device (200): the main controller (120) transmits (S306) instructions from the main controller (120) to the specific heat pump device (200) via the communication network (121) to configure the specific heat pump device (200) to operate in a normal operating mode, in which the specific heat pump device (200) is controlled based on the transmitted instructions.

15. The method (300) according to claim 14, wherein, Before transmitting (S306) instructions from the main controller (120) to the specific heat pump unit (200), the method (300) further includes: Receive (S308) information about the total number of heat pump units (200) included in the distributed heat pump system (100); Receive (S310) information about the number of heat pump units (200) included in the distributed heat pump system (100) that the main communication module (125) can communicate with, and The instructions to be transmitted to a particular heat pump device (200) are prepared based on the number of heat pump devices (200) that the main communication module (125) can communicate with and the total number of heat pump devices (200).

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