Mixture of secondary plant substances and their effect on the aging organism
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- EP · EP
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- RRNO RES GMBH
- Filing Date
- 2024-07-26
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-10
Smart Images
Figure IMGF000019_0001 
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Abstract
Description
MIXTURE OF SECONDARY PLANT SUBSTANCES AND THEIR EFFECT ON THE AGING ORGANISMFIELD OF THE INVENTION[1] The present invention relates to a composition, as well as a tablet, capsule or juice for oral administration, and its use as an anti-aging agent. The present invention also relates to the use of a composition, tablet, capsule or juice, for providing a balanced protein supply, and / or for improving the utilization of amino acids in a cell and / or in an organism. In addition, the present invention also relates to the use of a composition, a tablet, a capsule or a juice, for increasing the build-up of muscle mass, for stimulating metabolic performance, for positively influencing inflammatory processes, and / or for positively influencing the aging process of a cell and / or an organism. The present invention also relates to a composition, a tablet, a capsule or a juice, for use as a medicament. Furthermore, the present invention also relates to a composition, tablet, capsule or juice, for use in a method for the prevention or treatment of age-related disorders and / or diseases.DESCRIPTION[2] A high percentage of health impairments in old age are due to a decline in the metabolism of food, resulting in symptoms ranging from sarcopenia (muscle reduction) to dementia, for example in the form of Alzheimer's disease. The connection between malnutrition and degenerative symptoms, declining muscle strength (sarcopenia), morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients and residents of old people's and nursing homes has already been proven. The administration of individual micro- or macronutrients or combinations of these may have some success in individual cases, but this does not fundamentally solve the problems. What is lacking is a balanced protein supply with simultaneous consideration of all other nutrients.[3] Alzheimer's disease affects two-thirds of all dementia cases - worldwide, almost 40 million patients and their relatives are waiting for a breakthrough in research. However, the search for an active substance to combat the insidious Alzheimer's disease is unfortunately a story of failures. The key question in Alzheimer's research is whether the removal of certain protein deposits in the brain, known as amyloid plaques, could be the right approach for treatment. This approach is currently being pursued by several active substances, in particular monoclonal antibodies that bind to the so-called beta-amyloids in the brain.[4] Many failures in Alzheimer's research indicate that it is important to include other characteristic features and possible causes of the disease in addition to the characteristic amyloid plaques, as amyloid plaques could be the consequences of Alzheimer's disease, but not its cause. Therefore, alternative factors such as inflammatory processes, metabolic and / or circulatory disorders, environmental influences and genetic factors that could be the cause of the disease should be considered.[5] It is an object of the present invention to overcome the disadvantages of the known prior art, in particular to provide a composition which stimulates the organism to compensate for deficits in the protein supply and / or the metabolic performance of the organism. It is a further object of the present invention to provide a composition which can be used to increase the buildup of muscle mass in an organism, to stimulate the metabolic performance of an organism, to positively influence inflammatory processes in a cell and / or in an organism, and / or to positively influence the aging process of a cell and / or an organism. A further object of the present invention relates to the provision of a composition for use as a medicament and for use in a method for the prevention or treatment of age-related disorders and / or diseases.[6] These problems are solved by the objects of the independent claims.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION[7] In general and by way of a brief description, the main aspects of the present invention can be described as follows:[8] In a first aspect, the present invention relates to a composition.[9] In a second aspect, the present invention relates to a tablet, capsule or juice for oral administration.
[0010] In a third aspect, the present invention relates to the use of a composition according to the first aspect of the present invention, or a tablet, capsule or juice according to the second aspect of the present invention, for providing a balanced protein supply in a cell and / or in an organism, and / or for improving the utilization of amino acids in a cell and / or in an organism.
[0011] In a fourth aspect, the present invention relates to the use of a composition according to the first aspect of the present invention, or a tablet, capsule or juice according to the second aspect of the present invention, for increasing the build-up of muscle mass in an organism, for stimulating the metabolic performance of an organism, for positively influencing inflammatoiy processes in a cell and / or in an organism, and / or for positively influencing the aging process of a cell and / or an organism.
[0012] In a fifth aspect, the present invention relates to the use of a composition according to the first aspect of the present invention, or a tablet, capsule or juice according to the second aspect of the present invention, as an anti-aging agent.
[0013] In a sixth aspect, the present invention relates to a composition according to the first aspect of the present invention, or a tablet, capsule or juice according to the second aspect of the present invention, for use as a medicament.
[0014] In a seventh aspect, the present invention relates to a composition according to the first aspect of the present invention, or a tablet, capsule or juice according to the second aspect of the present invention, for use in a method of preventing and / or treating age-related disorders and / or diseases.
[0015] In an eighth aspect, the present invention relates to a process for preparing a composition according to the first aspect of the present invention, or a tablet, capsule or juice according to the second aspect of the present invention.DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0016] In the following, the elements of the invention are described in terms of specific embodiments. However, it will be understood that the specific embodiments may be combined in any manner and in any number to provide additional embodiments. The various examples and preferred embodiments described should not be construed as limiting the present invention to only those embodiments explicitly described. This description should be understood to include embodiments that combine two or more of the explicitly described embodiments, or that combine one or more of the explicitly described embodiments with any number of the disclosed and / or the preferred elements. Furthermore, all permutations and combinations of all elements described in this application should be considered to be disclosed by the description of the present application, unless the context indicates otherwise.
[0017] The above problem is solved in a first aspect by providing a composition, comprising:(i) At least one essential oil, selected from Oleum Mentha piperita, Oleum Pimpinella anisum, Oleum Syzygium aromaticum, Oleum Thymi (for example Oleum Thymus vulgaris, Oleum Thymus citriodora, Oleum Thymbra capitata, Oleum Thymus pulegioides, and / or Oleum Thymus serpyllum), Oleum origanum majorana, Oleum foeniculum vulgare, Oleum Rosmarinus officinalis, Oleum eucalyptii, Oleum sojae, Oleum Elettaria cardamomum, Oleum Juniperus, Oleum Myristica fragrans, Oleum Citrus aurantium, Oleum Origanum vulgare, Oleum Satureja spec., Oleum Monarda didyma, Oleum Azadirachta indica, Oleum Allium fistulosum, and Oleum Allium schoenoprasum;(ii) An extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra;(iii) At least one additional extract of a plant, selected from an extract of Carum carvi, Foeniculum vulgare, Alpinia officinarum, Potentilla erecta, Quercus robur, Hypericum perforatum, Juglandis, Hamamelidis, Ferula assa-foetida, Zingiber Officinale, Cynara scolymus L., Sambucus nigra L., Matricaria chamomilla L., Curcuma longa, Rosmarinus officinalis, Melissa officinalis, Carica papaya, and Ananas sativus;(iv) At least one polysaccharide, for example P-D-glucan;(v) Vitamin D3, and(vi) Optionally, an alcohol.
[0018] For the purposes of the present invention, the term "at least one" is intended to mean at least a single substance or molecule, or 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, or any number of substances or molecules. For example, the term "at least one essential oil" as used in the present invention is to be understood as at least one essential oil, or 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8,9, io, n, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, or any number of essential oils. Further, for example, the term "at least one additional extract of a plant" is to be understood in the context of the present invention as at least one additional extract of a plant, or 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, or any number of additional extracts of a plant. Furthermore, the term "at least one" as used in the present invention includes any number of substances or molecules, preferably uniformly distributed within a composition and / or a layer of a composition. However, for the purposes of the present invention, the term "at least one" is also intended to encompass any number of substances or molecules which are unevenly distributed within a composition and / or a layer of a composition.
[0019] For the purposes of the present invention, the term "about" is used to indicate a certain quantity tolerance. According to the invention, "about" means ± 10.0%, or ± 5.0%, or ± 1.0%, or ± 0.5%, or ± 0.1%.
[0020] In a preferred embodiment, which can be combined with all aspects and preferred embodiments of the present invention, the composition according to the first aspect of the present invention is a composition for oral administration.
[0021] In a preferred embodiment, the composition according to the first aspect of the present invention additionally comprises one or more of the following ingredients:(a) a-Terpineol;(b) 2-(i-methylethyl)-5-methylphenol;(c) Dipropyl trisulfide;(d) Dipropyl disulfide;(e) An extract of green tea;(f) Campho ra, and / or(g) DL-alpha-tocopherol.
[0022] In some embodiments, the above-mentioned additives (a) to (g) are added as additives in the preparation of a composition according to the invention. In other embodiments, said additives (a) to (g) are present in essential oils and / or extracts of botanicals used in the preparation of a composition according to the invention.
[0023] For example, a-terpineol is found in the following essential oils: Oleum Rosmarinus officinalis, Oleum Elettaria cardamomum, Oleum Juniperus, Oleum Myristica fragrans, and Oleum Citrus aurantium. Therefore, a presence of a-terpineol can also be ensured by sufficient presence of at least one of the essential oils Oleum Rosmarinus officinalis, Oleum Elettaria cardamomum, Oleum Juniperus, Oleum Myristica fragrans, and / or Oleum Citrus aurantium in the composition according to the invention.
[0024] In addition, 2-(i-methylethyl)-5-methylphenol is found, for example, in the following essential oils: Oleum Thymi vulgaris (for example, Oleum Thymus vulgaris, Oleum Thymus citriodora, Oleum Thymbra capitata, Oleum Thymus pulegioides, and / or Oleum Thymusserpyllum), Oleum Rosmarinus officinalis, Oleum Origanum vulgare, Oleum Satureja spec., and Oleum Monarda didyma. Thus, the presence of 2-(i-methylethyl)-5-methylphenol can also be ensured by the sufficient presence of at least one of the essential oils Oleum Thymi vulgaris, Oleum Rosmarinus officinalis, Oleum Origanum vulgare, Oleum Satureja spec, and / or Oleum Monarda didyma in the composition according to the invention.
[0025] Dipropyl trisulfide is present, for example, in Oleum Azadirachta indica and in Oleum Allium fistulosum, so that a corresponding presence of dipropyl trisulfide can also be ensured by the addition of Oleum Azadirachta indica and / or Oleum Allium fistulosum in sufficiently high concentration in the composition according to the invention.
[0026] Dipropyl disulfide is present, for example, in Oleum Allium schoenoprasum, so that the presence of dipropyl disulfide in the composition according to the invention can also be ensured by the presence of Oleum Allium schoenoprasum.
[0027] In a further preferred embodiment, the alcohol of the composition according to the first aspect of the present invention is 4-methoxybenzyl alcohol and / or borneol.
[0028] In a further preferred embodiment, the composition according to the first aspect of the present invention comprises:(i) The following essential oils: Oleum Mentha piperita, Oleum Pimpinella anisum, Oleum Syzygium aromaticum, and Oleum Thymus vulgaris;(ii) An extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra;(iii) The following additional extracts of plants: an extract of Carum carvi, an extract of Foeniculum vulgare, an extract of Alpinia officinarum, an extract of Potentilla erecta, an extract of Quercus robur, an extract of Hypericum perforatum, an extract of Juglandis, an extract of Hamamelidis, and an extract of Ferula assa-foetida;(iv) P-D-glucan, and(v) Vitamin D3.
[0029] In a further preferred embodiment, the vitamin D3 is present as cholecalciferol.
[0030] In a further preferred embodiment, the composition according to the first aspect of the present invention comprises:(i) The following essential oils: Oleum Mentha piperita, Oleum Pimpinella anisum, Oleum Syzygium aromaticum, and Oleum Thymus vulgaris;(ii) An extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra;(iii) The following additional extracts of plants: an extract of Carum carvi, an extract of Foeniculum vulgare, an extract of Alpinia officinarum, an extract of Potentilla erecta, an extract of Quercus robur, an extract of Hypericum perforatum, an extract of Juglandis, an extract of Hamamelidis, and an extract of Ferula assa-foetida;(iv) P-D-glucan;(v) Vitamin D3;(vi) 2-(i-methylethyl)-5-methylphenol;(vii) dipropyl trisulfide, and(viii) Dipropyl disulfide.
[0031] In a further embodiment, the composition according to the first aspect of the present invention comprises:(i) The following essential oils: Oleum Mentha piperita, Oleum Pimpinella anisum, Oleum Syzygium aromaticum, Oleum Thymus vulgaris, Oleum origanum majorana, Oleum foeniculum vulgare, Oleum Rosmarinus officinalis, and Oleum eucalyptii;(ii) An extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra;(iii) The following additional extracts of plants: an extract of Carum carvi, an extract of Foeniculum vulgare, an extract of Alpinia officinarum, an extract of Potentilla erecta, an extract of Quercus robur, an extract of Hypericum perforatum, an extract of Juglandis, an extract of Hamamelidis, an extract of Ferula assa-foetida, an extract of Zingiber Officinale, an extract of Cynara scolymus L., an extract of Sambucus nigra L., an extract of Matricaria chamomilla L., an extract of Curcuma longa, an extract of Rosmarinus officinalis, an extract of Melissa officinalis, an extract of Carica papaya, and an extract of Ananas sativus;(iv) P-D-glucan;(v) Vitamin D3;(vi) a-Terpineol;(vii) 2-(i-methylethyl)-5-methylphenol;(viii) Dipropyl trisulfide;(ix) Dipropyl disulfide;(x) An extract of green tea;(xi) Camphora;(xii) 4-methoxybenzyl alcohol, and(xiii) Borneol.
[0032] In a preferred embodiment, at least one of the ingredients (i) to (xiii) and / or at least one of the additives (a) to (g) is present in a form extracted from an oil and / or from a plant.
[0033] Essential oils are known to have beneficial effects, such as stimulating digestive secretions, as well as antimicrobial, coccidiostatic, anthelmintic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Likewise, extracts of plants are known for their positive effects on the human and animal organism. The present invention makes use of both the positive effects of essential oils and the positive effects of extracts of plants.
[0034] In a further preferred embodiment, the composition according to the first aspect of the present invention comprises:(i) At least one essential oil selected from Oleum Mentha piperita, Oleum Pimpinella anisum, Oleum Syzygium aromaticum, Oleum Thymi (for example Oleum Thymus vulgaris, Oleum Thymus citriodora, Oleum Thymbra capitata, Oleum Thymus pulegioides, and / or Oleum Thymus serpyllum), Oleum origanum majorana, Oleum foeniculum vulgare, Oleum Rosmarinus officinalis, Oleum eucalyptii, Oleum sojae, Oleum Elettaria cardamomum, Oleum Juniperus, Oleum Myristica fragrans, Oleum Citrus aurantium, Oleum Origanum vulgare, Oleum Satureja spec., Oleum Monarda didyma, Oleum Azadirachta indica, Oleum Allium fistulosum, and Oleum Allium schoenoprasum; wherein the essential oil or oils have a total concentration of from 0.30 to 6.70 percent by weight of the composition, preferably from 1.00 to 6.00 percent by weight of the composition, more preferably from 1.50 to 4.00 percent by weight of the composition, most preferably about 1.90 percent by weight of the composition;(ii) An extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra in a concentration of from 8.0 to 40.0 percent by weight of the composition, preferably from 15.0 to 35.0 percent by weight of the composition, more preferably from 20.0 to 30.0 percent by weight of the composition, most preferably about 27.7 percent by weight of the composition;(iii) At least one additional extract of a plant selected from an extract of Carum carvi, Foeniculum vulgare, Alpinia officinarum, Potentilla erecta, Quercus robur, Hypericum perforatum, Juglandis, Hamamelidis, Ferula assa-foetida, Zingiber Officinale, Cynara scolymus L., Sambucus nigra L., Matricaria chamomilla L., Curcuma longa, Rosmarinus officinalis, Melissa officinalis, Carica papaya, and Ananas sativus; wherein the additional extracts of plants have a total concentration of from 4.00 to 42.66% by weight of the composition, preferably from 10.00 to 30.00% by weight of the composition, more preferably from 15.00 to 20.00% by weight of the composition, most preferably about 17.85% by weight of the composition;(iv) At least one polysaccharide, for example P-D-glucan, in a concentration of from 40.00 to 70.00% by weight of the composition, preferably from 45.00 to 60.00% by weight of the composition, more preferably from 48.00 to 52.00% by weight of the composition, most preferably about 50.00% by weight of the composition, and(v) Vitamin D3 in a concentration of from 0.20 to 2.00 percent by weight of the composition, preferably from 0.80 to 1.80 percent by weight of the composition, more preferably from 1.00 to 1.60 percent by weight of the composition, most preferably about 1.40 percent by weight of the composition.
[0035] Another preferred embodiment relates to a composition according to the first aspect of the present invention, wherein the composition comprises:(i) At least one essential oil selected from Oleum Mentha piperita, Oleum Pimpinella anisum, Oleum Syzygium aromaticum, Oleum Thymi (for example Oleum Thymus vulgaris, Oleum Thymus citriodora, Oleum Thymbra capitata, Oleum Thymus pulegioides, and / or Oleum Thymus serpyllum), Oleum origanum majorana, Oleum foeniculum vulgare, Oleum Rosmarinus officinalis, Oleum eucalyptii, Oleum sojae, Oleum Elettaria cardamomum, Oleum Juniperus, Oleum Myristica fragrans, Oleum Citrus aurantium, Oleum Origanum vulgare, Oleum Satureja spec., Oleum Monarda didyma, Oleum Azadirachta indica, Oleum Allium fistulosum, and Oleum Allium schoenoprasum; wherein the essential oil or oils have a total concentration of from 0.30 to 6.70 percent by weight of the composition, preferably from 1.00 to 6.00 percent by weight of the composition, more preferably from 1.50 to 4.00 percent by weight of the composition, most preferably about 1.90 percent by weight of the composition;(ii) An extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra in a concentration of from 8.0 to 40.0 percent by weight of the composition, preferably from 15.0 to 35.0 percent by weight of the composition, more preferably from 20.0 to 30.0 percent by weight of the composition, most preferably about 27.7 percent by weight of the composition;(iii) At least one additional extract of a plant selected from an extract of Carum carvi, Foeniculum vulgare, Alpinia officinarum, Potentilla erecta, Quercus robur, Hypericum perforatum, Juglandis, Hamamelidis, Ferula assa-foetida, Zingiber Officinale, Cynara scolymus L., Sambucus nigra L., Matricaria chamomilla L., Curcuma longa, Rosmarinus officinalis, Melissa officinalis, Carica papaya, and Ananas sativus; wherein the additional extracts of plants have a total concentration of from 4.00 to 42.66% by weight of the composition, preferably from 10.00 to 30.00% by weight of the composition, more preferably from 15.00 to 20.00% by weight of the composition, most preferably about 17.85% by weight of the composition;(iv) At least one polysaccharide, for example P-D-glucan, in a concentration of from 40.00 to 70.00% by weight of the composition, preferably from 45.00 to 60.00% by weight of the composition, more preferably from 48.00 to 52.00% by weight of the composition, most preferably about 50.00% by weight of the composition;(v) Vitamin D3 in a concentration of from 0.20 to 2.00% by weight of the composition, preferably from 0.80 to 1.80% by weight of the composition, more preferably from 1.00 to 1.60% by weight of the composition, most preferably about 1.40% by weight of the composition, and(vi) At least one alcohol, for example 4-methoxybenzyl alcohol and / or borneol, in a concentration of from 0.00001 to 0.01% by weight of the composition, preferably from 0.00002 to 0.005% by weight of the composition, more preferably from 0.00005 to 0.001% by weight of the composition, most preferably about 0.0001% by weight of the composition.
[0036] In a further preferred embodiment, the composition according to the first aspect of the present invention comprises:(i) The following essential oils: Oleum Mentha piperita, Oleum Pimpinella anisum, Oleum Syzygium aromaticum, Oleum Thymus vulgaris, Oleum origanum majorana, Oleum foeniculum vulgare, Oleum Rosmarinus officinalis, and Oleum eucalyptii; wherein the essential oils have a total concentration of from 0.30 to 6.70 percent by weight of the composition, preferably from 1.00 to 6.00 percent by weight of the composition, more preferably from 1.50 to 4.00 percent by weight of the composition, most preferably about 1.90 percent by weight of the composition;(ii) An extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra in a concentration of from 8.0 to 40.0 percent by weight of the composition, preferably from 15.0 to 35.0 percent by weight of the composition, more preferably from 20.0 to 30.0 percent by weight of the composition, most preferably about 27.7 percent by weight of the composition;(iii) The following additional extracts of plants: an extract of Carum carvi, an extract of Foeniculum vulgare, an extract of Alpinia officinarum, an extract of Potentilla erecta, an extract of Quercus robur, an extract of Hypericum perforatum, an extract of Juglandis, an extract of Hamamelidis, an extract of Ferula assa-foetida, an extract of Zingiber Officinale, an extract of Cynara scolymus L., an extract of Sambucus nigra L., an extract of Matricaria chamomilla L., an extract of Curcuma longa, an extract of Rosmarinus officinalis, an extract of Melissa officinalis, an extract of Carica papaya, and an extract of Ananas sativus; wherein the additional extracts of plants have a total concentration of from 4.00 to 42.66% by weight of the composition, preferably from 10.00 to 30.00% by weight of the composition, more preferably from 15.00 to 20.00% by weight of the composition, most preferably of about 17.85% by weight of the composition;(iv) P-D-glucan in a concentration of from 40.00 to 70.00% by weight of the composition, preferably from 45.00 to 60.00% by weight of the composition, more preferably from 48.00 to 52.00% by weight of the composition, most preferably about 50.00% by weight of the composition, and(v) Vitamin D3 in a concentration of from 0.20 to 2.00 percent by weight of the composition, preferably from 0.80 to 1.80 percent by weight of the composition, more preferably from 1.00 to 1.60 percent by weight of the composition, most preferably about 1.40 percent by weight of the composition.
[0037] Another preferred embodiment relates to a composition according to the first aspect of the present invention, wherein the composition comprises:(i) The following essential oils: Oleum Mentha piperita, Oleum Pimpinella anisum, Oleum Syzygium aromaticum, Oleum Thymus vulgaris, Oleum origanum majorana, Oleum foeniculum vulgare, Oleum Rosmarinus officinalis, and Oleum eucalyptii; wherein the essential oils have a total concentration of from 0.30 to 6.70 percent byweight of the composition, preferably from i.oo to 6.oo percent by weight of the composition, more preferably from 1.50 to 4.00 percent by weight of the composition, most preferably about 1.90 percent by weight of the composition;(ii) An extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra in a concentration of from 8.0 to 40.0 percent by weight of the composition, preferably from 15.0 to 35.0 percent by weight of the composition, more preferably from 20.0 to 30.0 percent by weight of the composition, most preferably about 27.7 percent by weight of the composition;(iii) The following additional extracts of plants: an extract of Carum carvi, an extract of Foeniculum vulgare, an extract of Alpinia officinarum, an extract of Potentilla erecta, an extract of Quercus robur, an extract of Hypericum perforatum, an extract of Juglandis, an extract of Hamamelidis, an extract of Ferula assa-foetida, an extract of Zingiber Officinale, an extract of Cynara scolymus L., an extract of Sambucus nigra L., an extract of Matricaria chamomilla L., an extract of Curcuma longa, an extract of Rosmarinus officinalis, an extract of Melissa officinalis, an extract of Carica papaya, and an extract of Ananas sativus; wherein the additional extracts of plants have a total concentration of from 4.00 to 42.66% by weight of the composition, preferably from 10.00 to 30.00% by weight of the composition, more preferably from 15.00 to 20.00% by weight of the composition, most preferably of about 17.85% by weight of the composition;(iv) P-D-glucan in a concentration of from 40.00 to 70.00% by weight of the composition, preferably from 45.00 to 60.00% by weight of the composition, more preferably from 48.00 to 52.00% by weight of the composition, most preferably about 50.00% by weight of the composition;(v) Vitamin D3 in a concentration of from 0.20 to 2.00 percent by weight of the composition, preferably from 0.80 to 1.80 percent by weight of the composition, more preferably from 1.00 to 1.60 percent by weight of the composition, most preferably about 1.40 percent by weight of the composition;(vi) 2-(i-methylethyl)-5-methylphenol in a concentration of from 0.05 to 0.40 percent by weight of the composition, preferably from 0.06 to 0.20 percent by weight of the composition, more preferably from 0.065 to 0.10 percent by weight of the composition, most preferably about 0.07 percent by weight of the composition;(vii) Dipropyl trisulfide in a concentration of from 0.001 to 0.20% by weight of the composition, preferably from 0.002 to 0.10% by weight of the composition, more preferably from 0.005 to 0.05% by weight of the composition, most preferably about 0.01% by weight of the composition, and(viii) Dipropyl disulfide in a concentration of from 0.00001 to 0.01% by weight of the composition, preferably from 0.00002 to 0.005% by weight of the composition, more preferably from 0.00005 to 0.001% by weight of the composition, most preferably about 0.0001% by weight of the composition.
[0038] In a further preferred embodiment, the composition according to the first aspect of the present invention comprises:(i) The following essential oils: Oleum Mentha piperita, Oleum Pimpinella anisum, Oleum Syzygium aromaticum, Oleum Thymus vulgaris, Oleum origanum majorana, Oleum foeniculum vulgare, Oleum Rosmarinus officinalis, and Oleum eucalyptii; wherein the essential oils have a total concentration of from 0.30 to 6.70 percent by weight of the composition, preferably from 1.00 to 6.00 percent by weight of the composition, more preferably from 1.50 to 4.00 percent by weight of the composition, most preferably about 1.90 percent by weight of the composition;(ii) An extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra in a concentration of from 8.0 to 40.0 percent by weight of the composition, preferably from 15.0 to 35.0 percent by weight of the composition, more preferably from 20.0 to 30.0 percent by weight of the composition, most preferably about 27.7 percent by weight of the composition;(iii) The following additional extracts of plants: an extract of Carum carvi, an extract of Foeniculum vulgare, an extract of Alpinia officinarum, an extract of Potentilla erecta, an extract of Quercus robur, an extract of Hypericum perforatum, an extract of Juglandis, an extract of Hamamelidis, an extract of Ferula assa-foetida, an extract of Zingiber Officinale, an extract of Cynara scolymus L., an extract of Sambucus nigra L., an extract of Matricaria chamomilla L., an extract of Curcuma longa, an extract of Rosmarinus officinalis, an extract of Melissa officinalis, an extract of Carica papaya, and an extract of Ananas sativus; wherein the additional extracts of plants have a total concentration of from 4.00 to 42.66% by weight of the composition, preferably from 10.00 to 30.00% by weight of the composition, more preferably from 15.00 to 20.00% by weight of the composition, most preferably of about 17.85% by weight of the composition;(iv) P-D-glucan in a concentration of from 40.00 to 70.00% by weight of the composition, preferably from 45.00 to 60.00% by weight of the composition, more preferably from 48.00 to 52.00% by weight of the composition, most preferably about 50.00% by weight of the composition;(v) Vitamin D3 in a concentration of from 0.20 to 2.00 percent by weight of the composition, preferably from 0.80 to 1.80 percent by weight of the composition, more preferably from 1.00 to 1.60 percent by weight of the composition, most preferably about 1.40 percent by weight of the composition;(vi) a-terpineol in a concentration of from 0.001 to 0.20% by weight of the composition, preferably from 0.0012 to 0.10% by weight of the composition, more preferably from 0.0015 to 0.01% by weight of the composition, most preferably about 0.002% by weight of the composition;(vii) 2-(i-methylethyl)-5-methylphenol in a concentration of from 0.05 to 0.40 percent by weight of the composition, preferably from 0.06 to 0.20 percent by weight of thecomposition, more preferably from 0.065 to 0.10 percent by weight of the composition, most preferably about 0.07 percent by weight of the composition;(viii) Dipropyl trisulfide in a concentration of from 0.001 to 0.20% by weight of the composition, preferably from 0.002 to 0.10% by weight of the composition, more preferably from 0.005 to 0.05% by weight of the composition, most preferably about 0.01% by weight of the composition;(ix) Dipropyl disulfide in a concentration of from 0.00001 to 0.01% by weight of the composition, preferably from 0.00002 to 0.005% by weight of the composition, more preferably from 0.00005 to 0.001% by weight of the composition, most preferably about 0.0001% by weight of the composition;(x) An extract of green tea in a concentration of from 0.03 to 0.30 percent by weight of the composition, preferably from 0.05 to 0.25 percent by weight of the composition, more preferably from 0.08 to 0.20 percent by weight of the composition, most preferably about 0.15 percent by weight of the composition;(xi) Camphora in a concentration of from 0.010 to 0.500% by weight of the composition, preferably from 0.0110 to 0.300% by weight of the composition, more preferably from 0.0112 to 0.200% by weight of the composition, most preferably about 0.0115% by weight of the composition;(xii) 4-methoxybenzyl alcohol in a concentration of from 0.001 to 0.20 percent by weight of the composition, preferably from 0.002 to 0.15 percent by weight of the composition, more preferably from 0.005 to 0.10 percent by weight of the composition, most preferably about 0.01 percent by weight of the composition, and(xiii) Borneol in a concentration of from 0.00001 to 0.01% by weight of the composition, preferably from 0.00002 to 0.005% by weight of the composition, more preferably from 0.00005 to 0.001% by weight of the composition, most preferably about 0.0001% by weight of the composition.
[0039] In a further preferred embodiment, the composition according to the first aspect of the present invention further comprises DL-alpha-tocopherol, wherein DL-alpha-tocopherol is present in a concentration of from 0.001 to 0.2% by weight of the composition, preferably from 0.002 to 0.01% by weight of the composition, more preferably about 0.004% by weight of the composition.
[0040] In a further preferred embodiment, the composition according to the first aspect of the present invention additionally comprises the release agent E551.
[0041] Another preferred embodiment relates to a composition according to the first aspect of the present invention, wherein the composition is characterized in that the composition further comprises an excipient and / or an adjuvant suitable for a topical application of the composition. According to the present invention, the terms “topical application” and “external application” can be used interchangeably.
[0042] In a further preferred embodiment, the composition according to the first aspect of the present invention additionally comprises Si02(synthetic amorphous silicon dioxide; E-number: E551) as a release agent and / or as an excipient, for example as a flow aid. Since Si02has a strong binding capacity, Si02is used to improve the flowability of a mixture.
[0043] In another embodiment, the weight percent of Si02 is about 2 weight percent of the composition.
[0044] Another preferred embodiment relates to a composition according to the first aspect of the present invention, wherein the extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra and / or the additional extracts of plants are diy extracts.
[0045] Another embodiment relates to a composition according to the first aspect of the present invention, wherein the extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra and / or the additional extracts of plants are present in a drug to extract ratio (DEV) of 1:1, 5:1, or 1:10.
[0046] The following embodiments should be mentioned here as examples:Product A contains 60 mg of a dry extract (DEV 5:1), so that e.g. one capsule contains 60 mg x 5 = 300 mg.Product B contains 200 mg of a dry extract (DEV 2:1), so that, for example, one capsule contains 200 mg x 2 = 400 mg.Product C contains 160 mg of a dry extract (DEV 3:1), so that, for example, one capsule contains 150 mg x 3 = 450 mg.
[0047] A further preferred embodiment relates to a composition according to the first aspect of the present invention, wherein in addition to the extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra and the additional extracts of plants, powdered plant material (for example from caraway, fennel, and / or galangal root) is additionally admixed.
[0048] In a further preferred embodiment, the additionally powdered plant material (for example from caraway, fennel, and / or galangal root) enhances the effect of essential oils and / or the extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra and / or the additional extracts of plants, optionally wherein the enhancement is due to synergies between the powdered plant material and the essential oils and / or the extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra and / or the additional extracts of plants. Thus, the additional powdered plant material (for example from caraway, fennel, and / or galangal root) in the composition serves as a kind of booster.
[0049] Another preferred embodiment relates to a composition according to the first aspect of the present invention, wherein water-soluble ingredients of the composition (such as bitter substances, saponins, and / or mucilages) are present in the tincture, and / or tannins are present dissolved in alcohol.
[0050] Another preferred embodiment relates to a composition according to the first aspect of the present invention, wherein the composition is characterized in that the composition is a food supplement and / or dietary supplement. According to the present invention, the terms “food supplement” and “dietary supplement” can be used interchangeably.
[0051] The above problem is solved in a second aspect by providing a tablet, capsule or juice for oral administration, wherein the tablet, capsule or juice comprises a composition according to the first aspect of the present invention.
[0052] According to a further aspect of the present invention, which can be combined with the preceding aspects and exemplary embodiments, the above problem is solved in a further aspect by providing a use of a composition according to the first aspect of the present invention, or a tablet, capsule or juice according to the second aspect of the present invention, for providing a balanced protein supply in a cell and / or in an organism, and / or for improving the utilization of amino acids in a cell and / or in an organism, wherein the amino acids are preferably selected from the group consisting of Ala, Arg, Asp, Cys, Glu, Gly, His, He, Leu, Lys, Met, Phe, Pro, Ser, Thr, Tyr and Vai.
[0053] Amino acids are known to play an important role in many processes in the body. Alanine (Ala), for example, is important for healthy blood vessels. Arginine (Arg) can lead to a reduction in blood sugar levels and play a role in erectile dysfunction and osteoarthritis. Aspartic acid (Asp) is a neurotransmitter and is also known to have an antioxidant effect and a "detoxification function" within the urea cycle. Cysteine (Cys) is important for healthy connective tissue, healthy skin and healthy hair. Cysteine is also the basis for turin and glutathione. In addition, cysteine reduces damage to cells, prevents aging processes and is important in inflammatory reactions. Glutamic acid (Glu) is known to regulate blood sugar levels and is important for energy production in the body. Together with glutamine and cysteine, glycine (Gly) forms the protein glutathione (see explanations on the amino acid cysteine) and is important for strengthening tissue (skin and cartilage). Histidine (His) is involved in the transportation of oxygen and the formation of haemoglobin. Histidine is also a precursor for histamine. Isoleucine (He) is important for energy balance and muscle building. Leucine (Leu) is important for the energy balance, muscle building and produces carnitine. Lysine (Lys) is important for the absorption of calcium and, together with methionine, is necessary for the production of L-carnitine, whereby L-carnitine has a positive effect on fat burning. Methionine (Met) is essential for the production of L-carnitine (see comments on lysine), adrenaline and coatin (energy source for the muscles). Methionine can also impair the function of histamine and is therefore important for the treatment of allergies. Phenylalanine (Phe) is a starting material for many hormones and neurotransmitters and is necessary for the synthesis of tyrosine. Proline (Pro) can reduce the breakdown of collagen. Serine (Ser) is a component of the cell membrane and a precursor of acetylcholine, whereby acetylcholine as a neurotransmitter is crucial for muscle tension. Tyrosine (Tyr) is a neurotransmitter and precursor for the hormones adrenaline and noradrenaline (stress hormones), as well as thyroxine (thyroid hormone), which consists of tyrosine subunits. Valine (Vai) forms somatotropin with leucine and isoleucine, which is important for energy supply and insulin secretion.
[0054] The above problem is solved by providing the aging organism with more nutrients, since the digestive performance decreases with increasing age of humans and / or animals. The inventors were able to demonstrate that a composition according to the invention can intervene in the digestive processes in humans and animals and that by administering a compositionaccording to the invention and / or a capsule or a juice comprising the composition according to the invention, more nutrients can be made available to the aging organism.
[0055] It has also been found that a composition according to the first aspect of the present invention, or a tablet, capsule or juice according to the second aspect of the present invention, stimulates the organism to compensate for deficiencies in the protein supply. A composition according to the first aspect of the present invention, or a tablet, capsule or juice according to the second aspect of the present invention, thus has the advantage of providing a balanced and / or improved protein supply in a cell and / or in an organism.
[0056] A further aspect of the present invention, which can be combined with the preceding aspects and exemplary embodiments, relates to the use of a composition according to the first aspect of the present invention, or a tablet, a capsule or a juice according to the second aspect of the present invention, for increasing the build-up of muscle mass in an organism, for stimulating the metabolic performance of an organism, for positively influencing inflammatory processes in a cell and / or in an organism, and / or for positively influencing the aging process of a cell and / or an organism.
[0057] According to a further aspect of the present invention, which can be combined with the preceding aspects and exemplary embodiments, the above problem is solved in a further aspect by providing the use of a composition according to the first aspect of the present invention, or a tablet, capsule or juice according to the second aspect of the present invention, as an anti-aging agent. According to the present invention, the terms “anti-aging agent” and “anti-aging active ingredient” can be used interchangeably.
[0058] A further aspect of the present invention relates to the use of a composition according to the first aspect of the present invention, or a tablet, capsule or juice according to the second aspect of the present invention, for interfering with transcription factors, wherein the interference is activation and / or enhancement (for example in the case of Nrf2) or deactivation and / or inhibition (for example in the case of NF-KB).
[0059] Another aspect of the present invention relates to a composition according to the first aspect of the present invention, or a tablet, capsule or juice according to the second aspect of the present invention, for use as a medicament.
[0060] Another aspect of the present invention relates to a composition according to the first aspect of the present invention, or a tablet, capsule or juice according to the second aspect of the present invention, for use in a method of preventing and / or treating age-related disorders and / or diseases, such as degenerative phenomena, dementia, Alzheimer's disease, sarcopenia, morbidity, and / or mortality.
[0061] In a preferred embodiment, the use comprises administering to a subject the composition according to the first aspect of the present invention, or a tablet, capsule or juice according to the second aspect of the present invention, preferably wherein the age-related disorder and / or disease is Alzheimer's disease, more preferably wherein the use comprises co-administering an anti-Alzheimer's agent, such as lecanemab, aducanumab, gantenerumab, lecanemab and / ordonanemab.
[0062] A further aspect of the present invention, which can be combined with the preceding aspects and exemplary embodiments, relates to a process for preparing a composition according to the first aspect of the present invention, or a tablet, capsule or juice according to the second aspect of the present invention.
[0063] In a preferred embodiment, the essential oils are produced by means of steam distillation.
[0064] In a preferred embodiment, the preparation of the extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra and / or the preparation of the additional extract of plants is carried out by means of maceration and / or percolation. The skilled person is familiar with such processes (such as steam distillation, maceration and percolation). The skilled person is also familiar with the fact that water-soluble ingredients (such as bitter substances, saponins and / or mucilage) are usually present in the tincture. Furthermore, the skilled person is familiar with the fact that tanning agents are usually dissolved in alcohol.
[0065] In a preferred embodiment, Carum carvi is obtained from caraway seeds.
[0066] In another preferred embodiment, Foeniculum vulgare is obtained from fennel seeds.
[0067] Preferred embodiments are given in the sub-claims.
[0068] The terms "of the [present] invention", "according to the invention", "according to the invention" and the like, as used herein, are intended to refer to all aspects and embodiments of the invention described and / or claimed herein.
[0069] The term "comprising" as used herein is to be construed to include both "including" and "consisting of', both meanings being specifically intended and therefore individual embodiments are disclosed in accordance with the present invention. The term "and / or" as used herein is to be understood as specifically disclosing each of the two specified features or components with or without the other. For example, "A and / or B" is to be understood as specifically disclosing each of (i) A, (ii) B, and (iii) A and B, as if each of (i) through (iii) were individually disclosed herein.
[0070] For the purposes of the present invention, terms such as "approximately" and / or "about" indicate a range of accuracy which is comprehensible to a person skilled in the art in order to nevertheless ensure the technical effect of the feature in question. Terms such as "about" and / or "approximately" typically indicate a deviation from the stated numerical value of ±20%, ±15%, ±10% and ±5%, for example. As the average person skilled in the art will recognize, the specific deviation of a numerical value for a particular technical effect depends on the nature of the technical effect. For example, a natural or bio-engineered effect may generally have a greater deviation than a man-made engineered effect.
[0071] When an indefinite or definite article is used in the present application when referring to a noun in the singular, for example "a", "one" or "the / that", this is intended to include the plural of that noun, unless expressly stated otherwise.
[0072] It will be understood that it is within the scope of the present invention and within the skill of one of ordinary skill in the art to apply the teachings of the present invention to a particularproblem or environment, and to include variations of the present invention or additional features thereof (such as additional aspects and embodiments).
[0073] Unless the context otherwise requires, the descriptions and definitions of the features set forth above are not limited to any particular aspect or embodiment of the invention and apply equally to all aspects and embodiments described.
[0074] All references, patents and publications cited herein are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.
[0075] In the following, further properties, features and advantages of the invention will become clear by means of a description of preferred embodiments of the invention with reference to the accompanying exemplary drawings, in which show:
[0076] Figure 1 shows the improved availability of amino acids from the same diet after administration of a composition and / or a capsule comprising a composition according to the first aspect of the present invention. Shown is the increase in availability of the amino acids alanine (Ala), arginine (Arg), aspartic acid (Asp), cysteine (Cys), glutamic acid (Glu), glycine (Gly), histidine (His), isoleucine (He), leucine (Leu), lysine (Lys), methionine (Met), phenylalanine (Phe), proline (Pro), serine (Ser), threonine (Thr), tyrosine (Tyr) and valine (Vai) after administration of a composition and / or a capsule comprising a composition according to the first aspect of the present invention.
[0077] Figure 2 shows the anti-inflammatory potential of a composition according to the invention in Caco-2 intestinal cells. In order to investigate the effect of a composition according to the invention on the activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway, the mRNA levels of the following selected Nrf2 target genes were determined: IL-8 = Interleukin-8 (messenger belonging to the cytokines); ICAM-i = Intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (present in the membranes of leukocytes); MCP-i = Monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (directly or indirectly responsible for numerous diseases).EXAMPLES
[0078] Certain aspects and embodiments of the invention will now be illustrated by way of example and with reference to the description, figures and tables set forth herein. Such examples of the methods, uses and other aspects of the present invention are representative only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention to only such representative examples.Example 1: Studies on the effects of a composition according to the invention on the digestibility of ileum nutrients in the gastrointestinal tract of piglets / pigs
[0079] In order to investigate the effects of a composition according to the invention on the digestibility of ileum nutrients in the gastrointestinal tract of piglets, four trials were carried out over a period of 6 weeks with a composition according to the invention. Weaned (25 ± 1 d old) castrated male and female piglets were used as test animals so that the treatment groups were balanced in terms of body weight, litter origin and sex. Growth performance and ileal digestibilitywere investigated under the conditions of a research station (trials I to III) and growth performance under the conditions of a commercial farm (trial IV). The purpose of trial IV was to transfer the validity of the results obtained under research station conditions to farm conditions. Trials III and IV were carried out simultaneously with the same batch of feed and with piglets from the same farm. The number of animals and replicates of all trials are listed in Table i.
[0080] Table 1:
[0081] For the trials conducted under research station conditions, the pigs were housed in shallow pens with two pigs per pen. For the trial under simulated farm conditions (Trial IV), the pigs were housed in floor pens (five piglets per pen) using straw as bedding material. The mean initial body weights of the animals were 4.54, 4.87, 6.97 and 6.64 kg (trials I to IV). In all trials, the feed was offered ad libitum in automatic feeders. The feeders were topped up with preweighed quantities as required. The feeders were constructed in such a way that all feed residues around the feeders could be collected. Feed wastage was collected daily and feed intake was calculated weekly based on cumulative feed wastage and the amount of feed that had disappeared from the feeders. Drinking water was supplied continuously via drinking bowls. The experimental animals were exposed to light for 16 hours, followed by 8 hours in darkness. Room temperature and relative humidity were recorded during the 6-week period and ranged from 22.5°C to 25-9°C and 45.8% to 78.9%, respectively.
[0082] The tested composition according to the invention comprised 27.8 g of anise oil (Pimpinella anisum), 12.5 g of clove oil (Syzygium aromaticum) and 46.0 g of peppermint oil (Oleum Mentha piperita), each per kg of the composition according to the invention. In addition, the tested composition according to the invention comprised an extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra, a polysaccharide, vitamin D3, an extract of Foeniculum vulgare, an extract of Melissa officinalis, an extract of Quercus robur and oleum Thymus vulgaris.
[0083] The composition according to the invention was added to the feed in powder form at a dose of 300 mg / kg, whereby the piglets / pigs were fed an initial feed in the first two weeks after weaning and a breeding feed in the following period. All feeds were formulated according to the recommendations of the GfE (2006). The basic feed was either used as a control or supplemented with the composition according to the invention. For all trials, the basic feed was mixed in one batch and then divided into three equal parts for the control feed without supplement and the experimental feed with a supplement of 300 mg of the composition according to the invention / kg feed. The feeds were pelleted at a temperature of 50°C in the conditioner, which corresponded to a pelleting temperature of about 58°C in the die (3 mm). A representative sample of each feed was taken for analysis of the active ingredients to confirm the amounts added.
[0084] During the entire trial period of 6 weeks, the body weight coefficient of the pigs, feed intake and feed wastage were determined weekly. All animals were examined daily for their health status (visual inspection and consistency of feces). The consistency of the manure was subjectively assessed as follows: 1 = normal, 2 = pasty, 3 = watery and 4 = wateiy with color changes. In trials II and III, 5 piglets from each treatment were selected at the end of the feeding period to measure the apparent ileal digestibility of nutrients. These pigs remained in the pens and chromium oxide (5 g / kg) was added to the feed as an indicator for digestibility measurement 10 days prior to euthanasia. Piglets were anesthetized [ursotamine, 20 mg / kg (Serumwerk Bernburg AG, Bernburg, Germany) and Stresnil, 2 mg / kg (Janssen-Cilag GmbH, Neuss, Germany)] and then euthanized (T-61, 80 pL / kg; Intervet, Unterschleissheim, Germany) immediately before sampling. Samples were taken from the terminal ileum (segment between the middle part of the plica ileocecalis and 2 cm before the ostium ileale), frozen and freeze-dried for analysis.
[0085] All feeds were analyzed by proximate analysis, including starch, total sugars, calcium, phosphorus and sodium, according to the Weende method using methods known to the skilled person (Naumann and Basler, 1997). Amino acids in feed and digestive samples were analyzed by ion exchange chromatography (Biochrom 20 Plus, Amersham Pharmacia Biotech, Cambridge, UK) after acid hydrolysis (6 N HC1) without oxidation or with oxidation procedures for quantitative analysis of sulfur-containing amino acids. Chromium oxide in feed and ileum samples was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS vario 6, Analytik Jena AG, Jena, Germany) according to Fenton and Fenton (1979) after wet combustion of the samples.
[0086] To confirm the supplementation rate, the composition according to the invention was analyzed in the products and pelleted feed samples as trans-anethole (anise oil), eugenol (clove oil) and menthol (peppermint oil) in the laboratory of the Institut fur Getreideverarbeitung GmbH (Bergholz-Rehbrricke, Germany). The extraction procedure was adapted to ISO method 6571-1984. Feed samples (30 g) were distilled in pentane for 3 hours in a Likens-Nickerson apparatus. After evaporation of the solvent, an internal standard was added and the extract was quantitatively taken up in isooctane. For quantitative analysis of the compositions of the feed additives and feed sample extracts according to the invention, the components were separated by gas chromatography (HP 5890 II / MSD, Hewlett Packard GmbH, Boblingen, Germany) using a DB Wax 60 m, 0.25 mm column and helium as carrier gas. Quantification was performed by external calibration with the respective main components. Based on the analysis of eugenol,trans-anethole and menthol in the composition according to the invention and the pelleted feed, the average recoveries for these essential oils in the feed were 37.2%; 47.9%; and 56.0%, respectively. The recoveries of the analyzed indicator substances in the ingested feed after pelleting were 4.00 mg / kg; 1.39 mg / kg; and 7.73 mg / kg feed for trans-anethole, eugenol, and menthol, respectively, in the treatment.
[0087] Statistical analysis: After checking for normal distribution and homogeneity of variances, the collected data were analyzed separately for each trial using 1-way ANOVA procedures (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL) appropriate for a completely randomized design using Tukey's test. In addition, all data were combined and analyzed as a single ANOVA with treatment and trial (block) as sources of variation. The significance level for all analyses was set at P < 0.05.
[0088] All trials were conducted without technical failure and no veterinary intervention was required. The overall mortality rate was 3% and was not related to the treatments. In all trials, the fecal score of the piglets was not affected by the feed treatments.
[0089] The improved availability of amino acids from the same diet after administration of the composition according to the first aspect of the present invention is shown with reference toFigure 1. The present results confirm the principle of improved protein utilization demonstrated in other experiments. In trials II and III, the ileal digestibility of most amino acids was increased in the treated piglets compared to the piglets in the control group (P < 0.05) (Figure 1).
[0090] Table 2:
[0091] The combined evaluation of the data from experiments II and III showed that the apparent ileal digestibility of crude protein was increased by 6.5% (p = 0.048) and that of amino acids by 5 to 12% by the addition of the composition according to the invention (see Figure 1). Theadministration of a composition according to the invention thus led to better ileal protein (P < 0.05) and amino acid digestibility (P < 0.05 for all amino acids except for Met).Example 2: Studies on the effects of a composition according to the invention and / or a capsule according to the invention on protein utilization and the build-up of muscle mass in humans
[0092] Designed as a long-term study, a group of test subjects aged 65 to 78 was formed from a negative group (19 people, 10 female, 9 male) and a positive control group (21 people, 14 female and 7 male) and observed over a period of 3 years. In addition to the subjects' age, height and gender, the following was regularly recorded: weight, fat mass, fat-free mass, visceral fat, BMI, muscle mass, bone mass, body water and phase angle. The test subjects were of the aforementioned age in order to represent the target group.
[0093] The use of the phase angle and other raw values of bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) has become increasingly important in recent years as an alternative to calculating body composition. N. Stobaus, K. Norman, M. Pirlich from the Medical Clinic (Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology) of the Charite - Universitatsmedizin, Berlin, provide an overview of the clinical applicability and significance of phase angle and bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA).
[0094] Bioelectrical impedance analysis has been used for over 25 years to measure body compartments, as it is a simple, non-invasive method. Muscle mass decreases with increasing age. In addition, the proportion of body water decreases with age. Another determinant is the BMI. The higher the BMI, the more cells (fat and muscle cells) are present, which is reflected in a higher phase angle. The phase angle describes the relationship between body cell mass and extracellular dimensions. This ratio is in turn one of the most sensitive indicators of malnutrition.
[0095] Table 3:Male subjectsWeight Phase SarcopemaDate BMI Water Muscle .[kg] angle index06.02.20 88.90 5.6 27.8 46.1 61.6 8.6010.02.23 91.30 6.0 28.2 47.7 63.5 8.982.6% 7.1% 1.4% 3.5% 3.1% 4.4%Female subjectsPhase SarcopeniaDate Weight BMI Water Muscle angle index06.02.20 74.00 5.6 28.9 33.4 47.5 7.6210.02.23 76.2 5-7 29-8 34-7 49-2 7-853-0% 1.8% 3-1% 2.0% 3-6% 3-2%
[0096] With reference to Table 3, which shows the evaluation of the data recorded over the 3 years of the study, it is clear that the administration of a composition according to the invention in the form of a capsule (300 mg) / day in a given intake regime not only has stabilizing effects, but even tends to increase muscle mass (approx. 3%). An improvement in the phase angle (approx. 7%) was observed in the male test subjects. This improvement was significantly less pronounced in the female test subjects. Muscle mass increased in both groups (approx. 3%), which correlates with the improvement in the sarcopenia index of around 4% (male test subjects) and 3% (female test subjects). In the "negative control" group, the aforementioned improvements were not discernible; on the contrary, there was a tendency towards deterioration.
[0097] The requirement in this long-term study was that the test subjects in all groups maintain their previous lifestyle habits. This means that no dietary changes were made and no sports program was agreed. It should also be noted here that none of the test subjects actively exercised before or during the trial.
[0098] In addition to the factors "muscle mass, body water, fat, phase angle" etc., subjective changes such as well-being or other health-related findings were also recorded as "soft factors". The aim here was to determine whether the influence of the product on the organism, as suggested by previous cell biology studies, could be confirmed.
[0099] Factors that influence the aging process (such as the transcription factors Nrf2 or NF-KB) are also known.[too] In this long-term study, the product was not taken permanently in order to rule out habituation effects. In the long-term trial described here, the test subjects alternated between taking and not taking the product eveiy month. It is recommended to take the product (approx. 300 mg / day = 1 capsule in the morning before eating) from the age of 65 at the latest.
[0101] The present results confirm the principle of better protein utilization that has been proven in other experiments. This is also confirmed by the proportion of muscle mass that was not reduced due to aging, but actually increased.
[0102] Example 3: Investigation of the anti-inflammatory potential of a composition according to the invention
[0103] The aim of the present experiment was to investigate the anti-inflammatory potential of a composition according to the invention using Caco-2 intestinal cells. In order to investigate the effect of a composition according to the invention on the activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway, the mRNA levels of selected Nrf2 target genes were determined (see Figure 2).
[0104] Activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway leads to the induction of genes that are responsible for the cellular defense against reactive oxygen species and the detoxification ofxenobiotics. The Nrf2 signaling pathway is also involved in the regulation of the cellular redox potential, the regulation of autophagy, the differentiation of stem cells, the regulation of the daily rhythm and influences cellular metabolism and energy homeostasis.
[0105] In addition, the transcription factor NF-KB is considered a master regulator of inflammation, as its activation causes upregulation of a number of genes that mediate an inflammatory response (these influence cell survival and proliferation, among other things). Interestingly, dysregulation of NF-KB is associated with a variety of diseases, including cancer, autoimmune diseases and chronic inflammatory diseases. NF-KB is activated by a variety of stimuli, such as cytokines, viral and bacterial infections and stress.
[0106] TNFa is crucial for cell activation, cell differentiation, cytokine production and the inhibition of cell death.
[0107] Figure 2 shows the anti-inflammatory potential of a composition according to the invention ("phytogenic") in Caco-2 intestinal cells, whereby the mRNA levels of the following Nrf2 target genes were determined: IL-8 = Interleukin-8 (messenger belonging to the cytokines); ICAM-i = Intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (present in the membranes of leukocytes); MCP-i = Monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (directly or indirectly responsible for numerous diseases). Figure 2 shows that a composition according to the invention ("phytogenic") causes an inhibition of the expression of the NF-KB target genes IL-8, ICAM-i and MC0-1 in Caco-2 intestinal cells.
[0108] The features disclosed in the above description, the figures and the claims can be of importance both individually and in any combination for the realization of the invention in the various embodiments.
Claims
Claims1. A composition, comprising:(i) At least one essential oil, selected from Oleum Mentha piperita, Oleum Pimpinella anisum, Oleum Syzygium aromaticum, Oleum Thymi (for example Oleum Thymus vulgaris, Oleum Thymus citriodora, Oleum Thymbra capitata, Oleum Thymus pulegioides, and / or Oleum Thymus serpyllum), Oleum origanum majorana, Oleum foeniculum vulgare, Oleum Rosmarinus officinalis, Oleum eucalyptii, Oleum sojae, Oleum Elettaria cardamomum, Oleum Juniperus, Oleum Myristica fragrans, Oleum Citrus aurantium, Oleum Origanum vulgare, Oleum Satureja spec., Oleum Monarda didyma, Oleum Azadirachta indica, Oleum Allium fistulosum, and Oleum Allium schoenoprasum;(ii) An extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra;(iii) At least one additional extract of a plant, selected from an extract of Carum carvi, Foeniculum vulgare, Alpinia officinarum, Potentilla erecta, Quercus robur, Hypericum perforatum, Juglandis, Hamamelidis, Ferula assa-foetida, Zingiber Officinale, Cynara scolymus L., Sambucus nigra L., Matricaria chamomilla L., Curcuma longa, Rosmarinus officinalis, Melissa officinalis, Carica papaya, and Ananas sativus;(iv) At least one polysaccharide, for example P-D-glucan;(v) Vitamin D3, and(vi) Optionally, an alcohol.
2. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the composition additionally comprises one or more of the following ingredients:(a) a-Terpineol;(b) 2-(i-methylethyl)-5-methylphenol;(c) Dipropyl trisulfide;(d) Dipropyl disulfide;(e) An extract of green tea;(f) Campho ra, and / or(g) DL-alpha-tocopherol.
3. The composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the alcohol is 4-methoxybenzyl alcohol and / or borneol.
4. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising:(i) The following essential oils: Oleum Mentha piperita, Oleum Pimpinella anisum, Oleum Syzygium aromaticum, and Oleum Thymus vulgaris;(ii) An extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra;(iii) The following additional extracts of plants: an extract of Carum carvi, an extract of Foeniculum vulgare, an extract of Alpinia officinarum, an extract of Potentilla erecta, an extract of Quercus robur, an extract of Hypericum perforatum, an extract of Juglandis, an extract of Hamamelidis, and an extract of Ferula assa-foetida;(iv) P-D-glucan, and(v) Vitamin D3.
5. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising:(i) The following essential oils: Oleum Mentha piperita, Oleum Pimpinella anisum, Oleum Syzygium aromaticum, and Oleum Thymus vulgaris;(ii) An extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra;(iii) The following additional extracts of plants: an extract of Carum carvi, an extract of Foeniculum vulgare, an extract of Alpinia officinarum, an extract of Potentilla erecta, an extract of Quercus robur, an extract of Hypericum perforatum, an extract of Juglandis, an extract of Hamamelidis, and an extract of Ferula assa-foetida;(iv) P-D-glucan;(v) Vitamin D3;(vi) 2-(i-methylethyl)-5-methylphenol;(vii) Dipropyl trisulfide, and(viii) Dipropyl disulfide.
6. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising:(i) The following essential oils: Oleum Mentha piperita, Oleum Pimpinella anisum, Oleum Syzygium aromaticum, Oleum Thymus vulgaris, Oleum origanum majorana, Oleum foeniculum vulgare, Oleum Rosmarinus officinalis, and Oleum eucalyptii;(ii) An extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra;(iii) The following additional extracts of plants: an extract of Carum carvi, an extract of Foeniculum vulgare, an extract of Alpinia officinarum, an extract of Potentilla erecta, an extract of Quercus robur, an extract of Hypericum perforatum, an extract of Juglandis, an extract of Hamamelidis, an extract of Ferula assa-foetida, an extract of Zingiber Officinale, an extract of Cynara scolymus L., an extract of Sambucus nigra L., an extract of Matricaria chamomilla L., an extract of Curcuma longa, an extract of Rosmarinus officinalis, an extract of Melissa officinalis, an extract of Carica papaya, and an extract of Ananas sativus;(iv) P-D-glucan;(v) Vitamin D3;(vi) a-Terpineol;(vii) 2-(i-methylethyl)-5-methylphenol;(viii) Dipropyl trisulfide;(ix) Dipropyl disulfide;(x) An extract of green tea;(xi) Camphora;(xii) 4-methoxybenzyl alcohol, and(xiii) Borneol.
7. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising:(i) The following essential oils: Oleum Mentha piperita, Oleum Pimpinella anisum, Oleum Syzygium aromaticum, Oleum Thymus vulgaris, Oleum origanum majorana, Oleum foeniculum vulgare, Oleum Rosmarinus officinalis, and Oleum eucalyptii; wherein the essential oils have a total concentration of from 0.30 to 6.70 percent by weight of the composition, preferably from 1.00 to 6.00 percent by weight of the composition, more preferably from 1.50 to 4.00 percent by weight of the composition, most preferably about 1.90 percent by weight of the composition;(ii) An extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra in a concentration of from 8.0 to 40.0 percent by weight of the composition, preferably from 15.0 to 35.0 percent by weight of the composition, more preferably from 20.0 to 30.0 percent by weight of the composition, most preferably about 27.7 percent by weight of the composition;(iii) The following additional extracts of plants: an extract of Carum carvi, an extract of Foeniculum vulgare, an extract of Alpinia officinarum, an extract of Potentilla erecta, an extract of Quercus robur, an extract of Hypericum perforatum, an extract of Juglandis, an extract of Hamamelidis, an extract of Ferula assa-foetida, an extract of Zingiber Officinale, an extract of Cynara scolymus L., an extract of Sambucus nigra L., an extract of Matricaria chamomilla L., an extract of Curcuma longa, an extract of Rosmarinus officinalis, an extract of Melissa officinalis, an extract of Carica papaya, and an extract of Ananas sativus; wherein the additional extracts of plants have a total concentration of from 4.00 to 42.66% by weight of the composition, preferably from 10.00 to 30.00% by weight of the composition, more preferably from 15.00 to 20.00% by weight of the composition, most preferably of about 17.85% by weight of the composition;(iv) P-D-glucan in a concentration of from 40.00 to 70.00% by weight of the composition, preferably from 45.00 to 60.00% by weight of the composition, morepreferably from 48.00 to 52.00% by weight of the composition, most preferably about 50.00% by weight of the composition;(v) Vitamin D3 in a concentration of from 0.20 to 2.00 percent by weight of the composition, preferably from 0.80 to 1.80 percent by weight of the composition, more preferably from 1.00 to 1.60 percent by weight of the composition, most preferably about 1.40 percent by weight of the composition;(vi) a-terpineol in a concentration of from 0.001 to 0.20% by weight of the composition, preferably from 0.0012 to 0.10% by weight of the composition, more preferably from 0.0015 to 0.01% by weight of the composition, most preferably about 0.002% by weight of the composition;(vii) 2-(i-methylethyl)-5-methylphenol in a concentration of from 0.05 to 0.40 percent by weight of the composition, preferably from 0.06 to 0.20 percent by weight of the composition, more preferably from 0.065 to 0.10 percent by weight of the composition, most preferably about 0.07 percent by weight of the composition;(viii) Dipropyl trisulfide in a concentration of from 0.001 to 0.20% by weight of the composition, preferably from 0.002 to 0.10% by weight of the composition, more preferably from 0.005 to 0.05% by weight of the composition, most preferably about 0.01% by weight of the composition;(ix) Dipropyl disulfide in a concentration of from 0.00001 to 0.01% by weight of the composition, preferably from 0.00002 to 0.005% by weight of the composition, more preferably from 0.00005 to 0.001% by weight of the composition, most preferably about 0.0001% by weight of the composition;(x) An extract of green tea in a concentration of from 0.03 to 0.30 percent by weight of the composition, preferably from 0.05 to 0.25 percent by weight of the composition, more preferably from 0.08 to 0.20 percent by weight of the composition, most preferably about 0.15 percent by weight of the composition;(xi) Camphora in a concentration of from 0.010 to 0.500% by weight of the composition, preferably from 0.0110 to 0.300% by weight of the composition, more preferably from 0.0112 to 0.200% by weight of the composition, most preferably about 0.0115% by weight of the composition;(xii) 4-methoxybenzyl alcohol in a concentration of from 0.001 to 0.20 percent by weight of the composition, preferably from 0.002 to 0.15 percent by weight of the composition, more preferably from 0.005 to 0.10 percent by weight of the composition, most preferably about 0.01 percent by weight of the composition, and(xiii) Borneol in a concentration of from 0.00001 to 0.01% by weight of the composition, preferably from 0.00002 to 0.005% by weight of the composition, more preferably from 0.00005 to 0.001% by weight of the composition, most preferably about 0.0001% by weight of the composition.
8. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the composition further comprises an excipient and / or an adjuvant suitable for a topical application of the composition.
9. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the composition is a food supplement.
10. A tablet, capsule or juice for oral administration comprising a composition according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
11. Use of a composition according to any one of claims 1 to 9, or a tablet, capsule or juice according to claim 10, for providing a balanced protein supply in a cell and / or in an organism, and / or for improving the utilization of amino acids in a cell and / or in an organism, wherein the amino acids are preferably selected from the group consisting of Ala, Arg, Asp, Cys, Glu, Gly, His, He, Leu, Lys, Met, Phe, Pro, Ser, Thr, Tyr and Vai.
12. Use of a composition according to any one of claims 1 to 9, or a tablet, a capsule or a juice according to claim 10, for increasing the build-up of muscle mass in an organism, for stimulating the metabolic performance of an organism, for positively influencing inflammatory processes in a cell and / or in an organism, and / or for positively influencing the aging process of a cell and / or an organism.
13. Use of a composition according to any one of claims 1 to 9, or a tablet, capsule or juice according to claim 10, as an anti-aging agent.
14. A composition according to any one of claims 1 to 9, or a tablet, capsule or juice according to claim 10, for use as a medicament.
15. A composition according to any one of claims 1 to 9, or a tablet, capsule or juice according to claim 10, for use in a method for the prevention and / or treatment of age- related disorders and / or diseases, such as degenerative phenomena, dementia, Alzheimer's disease, sarcopenia, morbidity, and / or mortality.
16. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 9, or the tablet, capsule or juice according to claim 10, for use according to claim 15, wherein the use comprises administering to a subject a composition according to any one of claims 1 to 9, or a tablet, capsule or juice according to claim 10, preferably wherein the age-related disorder and / or disease is Alzheimer's disease, more preferably wherein the use comprises co-administration of an anti-Alzheimer's agent, such as lecanemab, aducanumab, gantenerumab, lecanemab, and / or donanemab.