Inter-transmission-and-reception-point delay difference reporting
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- EP · EP
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- ZTE CORP
- Filing Date
- 2023-09-08
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-10
AI Technical Summary
In multiple Transmission and Reception Point (m-TRP) scenarios, large delay differences among CJT TRPs lead to a strong frequency-selective composite channel, requiring fine-frequency-granularity CSI reporting that is resource-intensive and challenging to implement.
A wireless communication method where a UE measures and reports inter-TRP delay difference information, including delays and phase rotations, using specific report formats and quantization schemes to reduce delay differences and improve system performance.
The proposed solution enables efficient reporting of inter-TRP delay differences, allowing for pre-delay compensation at TRPs and reducing the need for fine-frequency-granularity CSI reporting, thereby enhancing system resources and practical implementation feasibility.
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Figure CN2023117719_13032025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
INTER-TRANSMISSION-AND-RECEPTION-POINT DELAY DIFFERENCE REPORTINGTECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] This patent document is directed generally to wireless communications.BACKGROUND
[0002] Mobile telecommunication technologies are moving the world toward an increasingly connected and networked society. In comparison with the existing wireless networks, next-generation systems and wireless communication techniques will need to support a much wider range of use-case characteristics and provide a more complex and sophisticated range of access requirements and flexibilities.
[0003] Long-Term Evolution (LTE) is a standard for wireless communication for mobile devices and data terminals developed by 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) . LTE Advanced (LTE-A) is a wireless communication standard that enhances the LTE standard. The 5th generation of wireless system, known as 5G, advances the LTE and LTE-Awireless standards and is committed to supporting higher data rates, large number of connections, ultra-low latency, high reliability, and other emerging business needs.SUMMARY
[0004] Techniques are disclosed for reporting inter-transmission-and-reception-point (TRP) delay difference information in multiple TRP (m-TRP) scenarios. Techniques are based on receiving signals from different TRPs, obtaining channel state information (CSI) including at least one of inter-TRP frequency difference information or inter-TRP delay difference information, and sending the CSI to the TRPs. The inter-TRP delay difference information can include delays, differential delays, phase rotations, or differential phase rotations.
[0005] A first example wireless communication method includes receiving, by a wireless device, a number of signals, where one or more signals of the number of signals are from each network node of a number of network nodes. The method further includes obtaining, by the wireless device and based on the number of signals, channel state information (CSI) , where the CSI includes at least one of frequency difference information or delay difference information. The method further includes transmitting, by the wireless device and to at least one of the number of network nodes, the CSI.
[0006] A second example wireless communication method includes transmitting, by a network node of a number of network nodes, one or more signals, where the number of network nodes transmit a number of signals collectively. The method further includes receiving, by at least one of the number of network nodes and based on the number of signals, channel state information (CSI) , where the CSI includes at least one of frequency difference information or delay difference information.
[0007] In yet another exemplary embodiment, a device that is configured or operable to perform the above-described methods is disclosed. The device may include a processor configured to implement the above-described methods.
[0008] In yet another exemplary embodiment, the above-described methods are embodied in the form of processor-executable code and stored in a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. The code included in the computer readable storage medium when executed by a processor, causes the processor to implement the methods described in this patent document.
[0009] The above and other aspects and their implementations are described in greater detail in the drawings, the descriptions, and the claims.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0010] FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary multiple Transmission and Reception Point (m-TRP) scenario.
[0011] FIG. 2 is an exemplary differential delay reporting.
[0012] FIG. 3 is an exemplary differential phase rotation reporting.
[0013] FIG. 4 is an exemplary flowchart for obtaining channel state information (CSI) in a m-TRP scenario.
[0014] FIG. 5 is an exemplary flowchart for receiving CSI in a m-TRP scenario.
[0015] FIG. 6 illustrates an exemplary block diagram of a hardware platform that may be a part of a network node or a wireless device.
[0016] FIG. 7 illustrates exemplary wireless communication including a Base Station (BS) and User Equipment (UE) based on some implementations of the disclosed technology.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0017] The example headings for the various sections below are used to facilitate the understanding of the disclosed subject matter and do not limit the scope of the claimed subject matter in any way. Accordingly, one or more features of one example section can be combined with one or more features of another example section. Furthermore, 5G terminology is used for the sake of clarity of explanation, but the techniques disclosed in the present document are not limited to 5G technology only and may be used in wireless systems that implemented other protocols.
[0018] I. Introduction
[0019] In wireless communication, multiple Transmission and Reception Point (m-TRP) Coherent Joint Transmission (CJT) is a key technique to improve Down-Link (DL) throughput for edged User Equipment (UE) . FIG. 1 shows an example of CJT where an edged UE is served by two TRPs. Theoretically, the time is assumed synchronized among CJT TRPs. However, in practical implementations, due to unstable local clocks and different propagation delays, there could exist significant delay differences among CJT TRPs. Large delay differences could lead to a strong frequency-selective composite channel, which would require a fine-frequency-granularity CSI reporting to guarantee the CJT performance. Unfortunately, such a fine-frequency-granularity CSI reporting would cost a huge amount of system resources and bring serious challenges in practical implementations.
[0020] To overcome this problem, UE can measure and report the delay differences among CJT TRPs to gNB. Then the delay differences can be reduced by pre delay compensation at TRP side. However, the specific report format of the inter-TRP delay differences and the quantization schemes in the report have not been discussed yet. In this patent document, we provide the following two embodiments to address these issues.
[0021] Embodiment#1: report format of inter-TRP delay difference information.
[0022] Embodiment#2: quantization schemes in the inter-TRP delay difference information.
[0023] In single-TRP (s-TRP) transmission, a time offset is caused by timing difference and propagation delay between transmitting and receiving sides. This time offset can be detected and reduced by UE-side processing. However, in m-TRP CJT scenarios, delay differences among CJT TRPs are caused by unstable local clocks and different propagation delays. Large delay differences would result in a strong frequency-selective composite channel and require a fine- frequency-granularity CSI reporting. Such a fine-frequency-granularity CSI reporting would cost a huge amount of system overhead and bring serious challenges in practical scenarios. To overcome this problem, a CJT UE can measure and report the inter-TRP delay differences to gNB. Then the delay differences can be reduced by pre delay compensation at TRP side.
[0024] In this patent document, we provide several solutions of the report format of the inter-TRP delay difference information and the quantization schemes in the information.
[0025] First, we provide explanations of some terminologies to be used in this patent document.
[0026] In this patent document,
[0027] “UE” may be wireless communication device;
[0028] “gNB” may be Base Station (BS) , wireless network device, or TRP;
[0029] “time unit” can be sub-symbol, symbol, slot, sub-frame, frame, or transmission occasion;
[0030] “higher layer parameter” may be Radio Resource Control (RRC) parameter, Radio Resource Management (RRM) parameter, Radio Resource Arrangement (RRA) parameter, Downlink Control Information (DCI) , or Physical Down-link Control CHannel (PDCCH) ;
[0031] “delay” may be a time delay, a time offset, or a timing offset;
[0032] “phase rotation” may be a phase, or a phase change between resource elements (RE) on a same OFDM symbol.
[0033] The general procedure of inter-TRP delay difference information reporting is as follows:
[0034] UE receives one or multiple reference signals from each CJT TRP;
[0035] UE measures CSI including at least one of inter-TRP frequency difference information or inter-TRP delay difference information, through the reference signals;
[0036] UE reports the CSI to gNB.
[0037] II. Embodiment 1
[0038] Report format of inter-TRP delay difference information.
[0039] The format of inter-TRP delay difference information can be one of the following:
[0040] The inter-TRP delay difference information can include delays and related information.
[0041] The inter-TRP delay difference information can include NTRP delay of NTRP respective TRPs, where NTRP is the number of CJT TRPs.
[0042] The reporting order of the NTRP delays can follow one of the following options:
[0043] The cell ID of the TRP corresponding to the delay increases / decreases as the reporting order of the delay increases;
[0044] The ID of the CSI-RS resource used to measure the delay increases / decreases as the reporting order of the delay increases;
[0045] The ID of the CSI-RS resource set used to measure the delay increases / decreases as the reporting order of the delay increases;
[0046] The absolute value of the delay increases / decreases as the reporting order of the delay increases.
[0047] The inter-TRP delay difference information can additionally include NTRP indicators indicating NTRPTRPs corresponding to the NTRP delays.
[0048] The indicator indicating a TRP can be one of the following: the cell ID of the indicated TRP, the ID of CSI-RS resource used to measure the delay of the indicated TRP, the ID of the CSI-RS resource set used to measure the delay of the indicated TRP.
[0049] The reported delays can include an extra bias relative to the measured delays, i.e., τreport, i=τ measure, i+τbias, where τreport, i is the ith reported delay, τmeasure, i is the ith measured delay, and τbias is a bias delay.
[0050] τbias can be a higher layer parameter configured by gNB, or a parameter selected by UE and reported to gNB, τbias can be determined as -τmeasure, min, where -τmeasure, min is the minimum measurable delay, τmeasure, min can be expressed as Δf is the frequency interval between two REs on a same OFDM symbol used to measure the delay.
[0051] The inter-TRP delay difference information can include NTRP –1 differential delays of NTRP –1 respective TRPs, where the differential delays are relative to a reference delay of a reference TRP, and NTRP is the number of CJT TRPs.
[0052] The differential delay relative to a reference delay can be expressed as τ diff, i=τi-τref, where τdiff, i is the ith differential delay, τi is the ith delay, and τref is the reference delay.
[0053] FIG. 2 gives an example of differential delay reporting.
[0054] The reporting order of the NTRP –1 differential delays can follow one of the following options:
[0055] The cell ID of the TRPs corresponding to the differential delay increases / decreases as the reporting order of the differential delay increases;
[0056] The ID of the CSI-RS resource used to measure the differential delay increases / decreases as the reporting order of the differential delay increases;
[0057] The ID of the CSI-RS resource set used to measure the differential delay increases / decreases as the reporting order of the differential delay increases;
[0058] The absolute value of the differential delay increases / decreases as the reporting order of the differential delay increases.
[0059] The inter-TRP delay difference information can additionally include one indicator indicating the reference TRP corresponding to the reference delay.
[0060] The inter-TRP delay difference information can additionally include NTRP –1 indicators indicating NTRP –1 TRPs corresponding to the NTRP –1 differential delays.
[0061] The indicator indicating a TRP can be one of the following: the cell ID of the indicated TRP, the ID of CSI-RS resource used to measure the delay of the indicated TRP, the
[0062] ID of the CSI-RS resource set used to measure the delay of the indicated TRP.
[0063] The reference delay can be selected as one of the following: the maximum delay among the NTRP delays, the minimum delay among the NTRP delays, the th largest delay among the NTRP delays, or the th largest delay among the NTRP delays.
[0064] The inter-TRP delay difference information can include phase rotations and related information.
[0065] The phase rotation can be measured as a phase change between two resource elements (RE) on a same orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol.
[0066] The inter-TRP delay difference information can include NTRP phase rotations of NTRP respective TRPs, where NTRP is the number of TRPs involved in CJT.
[0067] The reporting order of the NTRP phase rotations can follow one of the following options:
[0068] The cell ID of the TRP corresponding to the phase rotation increases / decreases as the reporting order of the phase rotation increases;
[0069] The ID of the CSI-RS resource used to measure the phase rotation increases / decreases as the reporting order of the phase rotation increases;
[0070] The ID of the CSI-RS resource set used to measure the phase rotation increases / decreases as the reporting order of the phase rotation increases;
[0071] The absolute value of the phase rotation increases / decreases as the reporting order of the phase rotation increases.
[0072] The inter-TRP delay difference information can additionally include NTRS indicators indicating NTRP TRPs corresponding to the NTRP phase rotations.
[0073] The indicator indicating a TRP can be one of the following: the cell ID of the indicated TRP, the ID of CSI-RS resource used to measure the phase rotation of the indicated TRP, the ID of the CSI-RS resource set used to measure the phase rotation of the indicated TRP.
[0074] The reported phase rotations can include an extra bias relative to the measured phase rotation, i.e., where is the ith reported phase rotation, is the ith measured phase rotation, and is a bias phase.
[0075] can be a higher layer parameter configured by gNB, or a parameter selected by UE and reported to gNB, can be determined as where is the minimum measurable frequency, can be -π, -2π, or -4π.
[0076] The inter-TRP delay difference information can include NTRP –1 differential phase rotations of NTRP –1 respective TRPs, where the differential phase rotations are relative to a reference phase rotation of a reference TRP, NTRP is the number of CJT TRPs.
[0077] The differential phase rotation relative to a reference phase rotation can be expressed as where is the ith differential phase rotation, is the ith phase rotation, and is the reference phase rotation.
[0078] FIG. 3 gives an example of differential phase rotation reporting.
[0079] The reporting order of the NTRP –1 differential phase rotations can follow one of the following options:
[0080] The cell ID of the TRPs corresponding to the differential phase rotation increases / decreases as the reporting order of the differential phase rotation increases;
[0081] The ID of the CSI-RS resource used to measure the differential phase rotation increases / decreases as the reporting order of the differential phase rotation increases;
[0082] The ID of the CSI-RS resource set used to measure the differential phase rotation increases / decreases as the reporting order of the differential phase rotation increases;
[0083] The absolute value of the differential phase rotation increases / decreases as the reporting order of the differential phase rotation increases.
[0084] The inter-TRP delay difference information can additionally include one indicator indicating the reference TRP corresponding to the reference phase rotation.
[0085] The inter-TRP delay difference information can additionally include NTRP –1 indicators indicating NTRP –1 TRPs corresponding to the NTRP –1 differential phase rotations.
[0086] The indicator indicating a TRP can be one of the following: the cell ID of the indicated TRP, the ID of CSI-RS resource used to measure the phase rotation of the indicated TRP, the ID of the CSI-RS resource set used to measure the phase rotation of the indicated TRP.
[0087] The reference phase rotation can be selected as one of the following: the maximum phase rotation among the NTRP phase rotations, the minimum phase rotation among the NTRP phase rotations, the th largest phase rotation among the NTRP rotations, or the th largest phase rotation among the NTRP phase rotations.
[0088] III. Embodiment 2
[0089] Quantization schemes in the inter-TRP delay differences report.
[0090] The delays (including delays, differential delays) in the inter-TRP delay difference information can be quantized according to at least one of the following methods:
[0091] The delay quantization range can be one of the following: (-τquan, max, τquan, max] , [-τquan, max, τquan, max) , [-τquan, max, τquan, max] , (0, τquan, max] , [0, τquan, max) , [0, τquan, max] , (-τquan, max, 0] , [-τquan, max, 0) , [-τquan, max, 0] .
[0092] τquan, max can be a predetermined value, and can be selected as:
[0093] τquan, max=X·τmeasure, max, where X is a scaling factor and can be selected from {1 / 4, 1 / 2, 1, 2, 4} , τmeasure, max is the maximum measurable delay, τmeasure, max can be or cyclic prefix (CP) length, Δf is the frequency interval between the two REs on a same OFDM symbol used to measure inter-TRP delay difference information.
[0094] τquan, max can be a higher layer parameter configured by gNB, and can be configured as:
[0095] τquan, max=X·τmeasure, max, where X is a scaling factor and can be selected from {1 / 4, 1 / 2, 1, 2, 4} , τmeasure, max is the maximum measurable delay, fmeasure, max can be or cyclic prefix (CP) length, Δf is the frequency interval between the two REs on a same OFDM symbol used to measure the inter-TRP delay difference information.
[0096] τquan, max can be selected by UE and reported to gNB, and can be selected as:
[0097] τquan, max=X·τmeasure, max, where X is a scaling factor and can be selected from
[0098] {1 / 4, 1 / 2, 1, 2, 4} , τmeasure, max is the maximum measurable delay, τmeasure, max can be or cyclic prefix (CP) length, Δf is the frequency interval between the two REs on a same
[0099] OFDM symbol used to measure the inter-TRP delay difference information.
[0100] τquan, max=max (|τi|) , where τi, i=0, 1, 2, ... are the reported delays.
[0101] τquan, max=max (τi) -min (τi) , where τi, i=0, 1, 2, ... are the reported delays.
[0102] τquan, max can be determined by a delay quantization mode indicator, the indicator can be a higher layer parameter configured by gNB or a parameter selected by UE and reported to gNB.
[0103] The candidate values of the delay quantization mode indicator k can be {0, 1, 2, ..., K-1} .
[0104] τquan, max for a quantization mode indicator k can be determined as or where X is a scaling factor and can be selected from {1 / 4, 1 / 2, 1, 2, 4} , τmeasure, max is the maximum measurable delay, τmeasure, max can be or cyclic prefix (CP) length, Δf is the frequency interval between the two REs on a same OFDM symbol used measure the inter-TRP delay difference information.
[0105] τquan, max can be determined by the reported delay τi, i=0, 1, 2, ..., and τquan, max can be different for different τi.
[0106] For τi (1) , where τi (l) denotes that |τi (l) | is lth maximum among |τi|, , i=0, 1, 2, ...
[0107] τquan, max can be a predetermined value, a higher layer parameter configured by gNB or a parameter selected by UE and reported to gNB, andτquan, max can be X·τmeasure, max, where X is a scaling factor and can be selected from {1 / 4, 1 / 2, 1, 2, 4} , τmeasure, max is the maximum measurable delay, τmeasure, max can be or cyclic prefix (CP) length, Δf is the frequency interval between the two REs on a same OFDM symbol used to measure the inter-
[0108] TRP delay difference information.
[0109] For τi (l) , l>1, τquan, max can be the quantized delay of |τi (l-1) |.
[0110] The delay quantization bitwidth can be determined according to one of the following methods:
[0111] The delay quantization bitwidth can be a predetermined value, a higher layer parameter configured by gNB, or a parameter selected by UE and reported to gNB, and the candidate values can be {3, 4, 5, 6, 7} .
[0112] The delay quantization bitwidth Q can be determined by τquan, max and a delay quantization granularity Δτquan according to or Δτquan can be a predetermined value, a higher layer parameter configured by gNB, or a parameter selected by UE and reported to gNB.
[0113] The delay quantization bitwidth can be determined by a delay quantization mode indicator.
[0114] The candidate values of the delay quantization mode indicator k can be {0, 1, 2, ..., K-1} .
[0115] The delay quantization levels can be determined according one of the following methods:
[0116] The delay quantization level τquan, q corresponding to a delay quantization indicator q∈ {0, 1, 2, ..., 2Q-1} can be determined by τquan, max and the delay quantization bitwidth Q according to or
[0117] The phases (including phase rotations, differential phase rotations) in the inter-TRP delay difference information can be quantized according to one of the following methods:
[0118] The phase quantization range can be one of the following:
[0119] can be a predetermined value, and can be selected as:
[0120] where X is a scaling factor and can be selected from {1 / 4, 1 / 2, 1, 2, 4} , is the maximum measurable phase, can be π, 2π, or 4π.
[0121] can be a higher layer parameter configured by gNB, and can be configured as:
[0122] where X is a scaling factor and can be selected from {1 / 4, 1 / 2, 1, 2, 4} , is the maximum measurable phase, can be π, 2π, or 4π.
[0123] can be selected by UE and reported to gNB, and can be selected as:
[0124] where X is a scaling factor and can be selected from {1 / 4, 1 / 2, 1, 2, 4} , is the maximum measurable phase, can be π, 2π, or 4π.
[0125] where are the reported phases.
[0126] where are the reported phases.
[0127] can be determined by a phase quantization mode indicator, the indicator can be a higher layer parameter configured by gNB or a parameter selected by UE and reported to gNB.
[0128] The candidate values of the phase quantization mode indicator k can be {0, 1, 2, ..., K-1} .
[0129] for a quantization mode indicator k can be determined as or where X is a scaling factor and can be selected from {1 / 4, 1 / 2, 1, 2, 4} , is the maximum measurable phase, can be 2π or 4π.
[0130] can be determined by the reported phases and can be different for different
[0131] For where denotes that is lth maximum among
[0132] can be a predetermined value, a higher layer parameter configured by gNB or a parameter selected by UE and reported to gNB, and can be where X is a scaling factor and can be selected from {1 / 4, 1 / 2, 1, 2, 4} , is the maximum measurable phase, can be can be π, 2π, or 4π.
[0133] For can be the quantized phase of
[0134] The phase quantization bitwidth can be determined according to one of the following methods:
[0135] The phase quantization bitwidth can be a predetermined value, a higher layer parameter configured by gNB, or a parameter selected by UE and reported to gNB, and the candidate values can be {3, 4, 5, 6, 7} .
[0136] The phase quantization bitwidth Q can be determined by and a phase quantization granularity according to or can be a predetermined value, a higher layer parameter configured by gNB, or a parameter selected by UE and reported to gNB.
[0137] The phase quantization bitwidth can be determined by a phase quantization mode indicator.
[0138] The candidate values of the phase quantization mode indicator k can be {0, 1, 2, ..., K-1} .
[0139] The phase quantization levels can be determined according one of the following methods:
[0140] The phase quantization level corresponding to a phase quantization indicator q∈ {0, 1, 2, ..., 2Q-1} can be determined by and the phase quantization bitwidth Q according to
[0141] This patent document aims to address the issue of m-TRP delay differences compensation in CJT. A CJT UE is expected to measure CSI including at least one of inter-TRP frequency difference information or inter-TRP delay difference information and report the CSI to gNB. In embodiments #1 and #2, we provide the specific format of the inter-TRP delay difference information and the quantization schemes in the inter-TRP delay difference information. The inter-TRP delay difference information can include delays or phase rotations and additional related information. The reported delays / phase rotations can be quantized in a differential method, a quantization-mode-based method, or other methods specified in embodiment #2.
[0142] FIG. 4 is an exemplary flowchart for obtaining CSI in a m-TRP scenario. Operation 402 includes receiving, by a wireless device, a number of signals, where one or more signals of the number of signals are from each network node of a number of network nodes. Operation 404 includes obtaining, by the wireless device and based on the number of signals, channel state information (CSI) , where the CSI includes at least one of frequency difference information or delay difference information. Operation 406 includes transmitting, by the wireless device and to at least one of the number of network nodes, the CSI. In some embodiments, the method can be implemented according to Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2. In some embodiments, performing further steps of the method can be based on a better system performance than a legacy protocol.
[0143] In some embodiments, the inter-TRP delay difference information includes a number of delays, where each delay of the number of delays corresponds to a network node of the number of network nodes. In some embodiments, the inter-TRP delay difference information includes a number of differential delays corresponding to a subset of the number of network nodes, where each differential delay of the number of differential delays is determined by a delay of a number of delays relative to a reference delay, where each delay of the number of delays corresponds to a network node of the number of network nodes, and where the reference delay is one of the number of delays.
[0144] In some embodiments, a number of the number of differential delays is equal to a number of the number of network nodes minus one. In some embodiments, the reference delay is determined based on at least one of: a maximum delay among the number of delays; a minimum delay among the number of delays; or a median delay among the number of delays.
[0145] In some embodiments, the number of delays or the number of differential delays are included in the inter-TRP delay difference information in a specific order based on at least one of:a cell identifier of each network node of the number of network nodes or each network node of the subset of the number of network nodes; an identifier of a reference signal resource used to measure each delay of the number of delays or each differential delay of the number of differential delays; an identifier of a reference signal resource set used to measure each delay of the number of delays or each differential delay of the number of differential delays; or an absolute value of each delay of the number of delays or each differential delay of the number of differential delays.
[0146] In some embodiments, the inter-TRP delay difference information further includes a number of indicators, where each indicator of the number of indicators corresponds to a delay of the number of delays or a differential delay of the number of differential delays. In some embodiments, the inter-TRP delay difference information further includes an indicator corresponding to the reference delay.
[0147] In some embodiments, the number of indicators or the indicator is selected from at least one of: a cell identifier of each network node of the number of network nodes, each network node of the subset of the number of network nodes, or a reference network node corresponding to the reference delay; an identifier of a reference signal resource used to measure each delay of the number of delays, each differential delay of the number of differential delays, or the reference delay; or an identifier of a reference signal resource set used to measure each delay of the number of delays, each differential delay of the number of differential delays, or the reference delay.
[0148] In some embodiments, each delay of the number of delays or each differential delay of the number of differential delays is determined by adding a time offset to each measured delay of a number of measured delays or each measured differential delay of a number of measured differential delays. In some embodiments, the time offset is a predetermined value, a higher layer parameter configured by a network node of the number of network nodes, or a parameter determined by the wireless device.
[0149] In some embodiments, the time offset is a negative value of a minimum measurable delay, where the minimum measurable delay τmeasure, min is determined based on a frequency interval Δf between two resource elements (REs) on a same orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol and according to
[0150] In some embodiments, each delay of the number of delays or each differential delay of the number of differential delays is indicated by a delay indicator q, where q is an integer ranging from 0 to 2Q-1, where Q is a number of bits used to quantize each delay of the number of delays or each differential delay of the number of differential delays, where a quantized delay τquan, q is indicated by q according to one of the following formulas: (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) or (8) and where τquan, max denotes a delay value.
[0151] In some embodiments, τquan, max is a predetermined value, a higher layer parameter configured by a network node of the number of network nodes, or selected by the wireless device. In some embodiments, τquan, max is equal to X·τmeasure, max, where X denotes a scaling factor, and where τmeasure, max is determined based on a cyclic prefix length, or a frequency interval Δf between two resource elements (REs) on a same orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol and according to one of the following formulas: or
[0152] In some embodiments, τquan, max is equal to a maximum delay among the number of delays or a maximum differential delay among the number of differential delays. In some embodiments, τquan, max is determined according to at least one of: (1) or (2) where X denotes a scaling factor, where k indicates a quantization mode and is an integer value ranging from 0 to K-1, where K is a number of quantization modes, and where τmeasure, max is a maximum measurable delay determined based on a cyclic prefix length, or a frequency interval Δf between two resource elements (REs) on a same orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol and according to one of the following formulas: or
[0153] In some embodiments, τquan, max has varying values corresponding to the number of delays or the number of differential delays. In some embodiments, for a greatest delay among the number of delays or the number of differential delays, τquan, max is equal to X·τmeasure, max, where X denotes a scaling factor, where τmeasure, max is a maximum measurable delay determined based on a cyclic prefix length, or a frequency interval Δf between two resource elements (REs) on a same orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol and according to one of the following formulas: or and where for an l-th greatest delay among the number of delays or the number of differential delays, l being an integer greater than 1, τquan, max is equal to a quantized delay of an (l-1) th greatest delay among the number of delays or the number of differential delays.
[0154] In some embodiments, the number of bits Q is determined by: (1) selection from a set {3, 4, 5, 6, 7} ; (2) a quantization mode k, where k is an integer ranging from 0 to K-1, and where K is a number of quantization modes; or (3) a delay quantization granularity Δτquan according to or
[0155] In some embodiments, the inter-TRP delay difference information includes a number of phase rotations, where each phase rotation of the number of phase rotations corresponds to a network node of the number of network nodes. In some embodiments, the inter-TRP delay difference information includes a number of differential phase rotations corresponding to a subset of the number of network nodes, where each differential phase rotation of the number of differential phase rotations is determined by a phase rotation of a number of phase rotations relative to a reference phase rotation, where each phase rotation of the number of phase rotations corresponds to a network node of the number of network nodes, and where the reference phase rotation is one of the number of phase rotations.
[0156] In some embodiments, a number of the number of differential phase rotations is equal to a number of the number of network nodes minus one. In some embodiments, the reference phase rotation is determined based on at least one of: a maximum phase rotation among the number of phase rotations; a minimum phase rotation among the number of phase rotations; or a median phase rotation among the number of phase rotations.
[0157] In some embodiments, the number of phase rotations or the number of differential phase rotations are included in the inter-TRP delay difference information in a specific order based on at least one of: a cell identifier of each network node of the number of network nodes or each network node of the subset of the number of network nodes; an identifier of a reference signal resource used to measure each phase rotation of the number of phase rotations or each differential phase rotation of the number of differential phase rotations; an identifier of a reference signal resource set used to measure each phase rotation of the number of phase rotations or each differential phase rotation of the number of differential phase rotations; or an absolute value of each phase rotation of the number of phase rotations or each differential phase rotation of the number of differential phase rotations.
[0158] In some embodiments, the inter-TRP delay difference information further includes a number of indicators, where each indicator of the number of indicators corresponds to a phase rotation of the number of phase rotations or a differential phase rotation of the number of differential phase rotations. In some embodiments, the inter-TRP delay difference information further includes an indicator corresponding to the reference phase rotation.
[0159] In some embodiments, the number of indicators or the indicator is selected from at least one of: a cell identifier of each network node of the number of network nodes, each network node of the subset of the number of network nodes, or a reference network node corresponding to the reference phase rotation; an identifier of a reference signal resource used to measure each phase rotation of the number of phase rotations, each differential phase rotation of the number of differential phase rotations, or the reference phase rotation; or an identifier of a reference signal resource set used to measure each phase rotation of the number of phase rotations, each differential phase rotation of the number of differential phase rotations, or the reference phase rotation.
[0160] In some embodiments, each phase rotation of the number of phase rotations or each differential phase rotation of the number of differential phase rotations is determined by adding an offset phase to each measured phase rotation of a number of measured phase rotations or each measured differential phase rotation of a number of measured differential phase rotations.
[0161] In some embodiments, the offset phase is a predetermined value, a higher layer parameter configured by a network node of the number of network nodes, or a parameter determined by the wireless device. In some embodiments, the offset phase is a negative value of a minimum measurable phase, where the minimum measurable phase is one of the following: -π, -2π, or -4π.
[0162] In some embodiments, each phase rotation of the number of phase rotations or each differential phase rotation of the number of differential phase rotations is indicated by a frequency indicator q, where q is an integer ranging from 0 to 2Q-1, where Q is a number of bits used to quantize each phase rotation of the number of phase rotations or each differential phase rotation of the number of differential phase rotations, where a quantized phase φquan, q is indicated by q according to one of the following formulas: (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) or (8) and where denotes a phase value.
[0163] In some embodiments, is a predetermined value, a higher layer parameter configured by a network node of the number of network nodes, or selected by the wireless device. In some embodiments, is equal to where X denotes a scaling factor, and where is π, 2π, or 4π. In some embodiments, is equal to a maximum phase among the number of phase rotations or the number of differential phase rotations.
[0164] In some embodiments, is determined according to one of: (1) or (2) where X denotes a scaling factor, where k indicates a quantization mode and is an integer value ranging from 0 to K-1, where K is a number of quantization modes, and where is a maximum measurable phase equal to π, 2π, or 4π.
[0165] In some embodiments, has varying values corresponding to the number of phase rotations or the number of differential phase rotations. In some embodiments, for a greatest phase among the number of phase rotations or the number of differential phase rotations, is equal to where X denotes a scaling factor, where is a maximum measurable phase equal to π, 2π or 4π, and where for an l-th greatest phase among the number of phase rotations or the number of phase rotations, l being an integer greater than 1, is equal to a quantized phase of an (l-1) th greatest phase among the number of phase rotations or the number of differential phase rotations.
[0166] In some embodiments, the number of bits Q is determined by: (1) selection from a set {3, 4, 5, 6, 7} ; (2) a quantization mode k, where k is an integer ranging from 0 to K-1, and where K is a number of quantization modes; or (3) a phase quantization granularity according to or
[0167] FIG. 5 is an exemplary flowchart for receiving CSI in a m-TRP scenario. Operation 502 includes transmitting, by a network node of a number of network nodes, one or more signals, where the number of network nodes transmit a number of signals collectively. Operation 504 includes receiving, by at least one of the number of network nodes and based on the number of signals, channel state information (CSI) , where the CSI includes at least one of frequency difference information or delay difference information. In some embodiments, the method can be implemented according to Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2. In some embodiments, performing further steps of the method can be based on a better system performance than a legacy protocol.
[0168] In some embodiments, the inter-TRP delay difference information includes a number of delays, where each delay of the number of delays corresponds to a network node of the number of network nodes. In some embodiments, the inter-TRP delay difference information includes a number of differential delays corresponding to a subset of the number of network nodes, where each differential delay of the number of differential delays is determined by a delay of a number of delays relative to a reference delay, where each delay of the number of delays corresponds to a network node of the number of network nodes, and where the reference delay is one of the number of delays.
[0169] In some embodiments, the inter-TRP delay difference information includes a number of phase rotations, where each phase rotation of the number of phase rotations corresponds to a network node of the number of network nodes. In some embodiments, the inter-TRP delay difference information includes a number of differential phase rotations corresponding to a subset of the number of network nodes, where each differential phase rotation of the number of differential phase rotations is determined by a phase rotation of a number of phase rotations relative to a reference phase rotation, where each phase rotation of the number of phase rotations corresponds to a network node of the number of network nodes, and where the reference phase rotation is one of the number of phase rotations.
[0170] FIG. 6 shows an exemplary block diagram of a hardware platform 600 that may be a part of a network node (e.g., base station, transmission parameter, or TRP) or a wireless device (e.g., a user equipment (UE) ) . The hardware platform 600 includes at least one processor 610 and a memory 605 having instructions stored thereupon. The instructions upon execution by the processor 610 configure the hardware platform 600 to perform the operations described in FIGS. 1 to 5 and in the various embodiments described in this patent document. The transmitter 615 transmits or sends information or data to another device. For example, a network node transmitter can send a message to a user equipment. The receiver 620 receives information or data transmitted or sent by another device. For example, a user equipment can receive a message from a network note. For example, a UE or a network node, as described in the present document, may be implemented using the hardware platform 600.
[0171] The implementations as discussed above will apply to a wireless communication. FIG. 7 shows an example of a wireless communication system (e.g., a 5G or NR cellular network) that includes a base station 720 and one or more user equipment (UE) 711, 712 and 713. In some embodiments, the UEs access the BS (e.g., the network, the TRP) using a communication link to the network (sometimes called uplink direction, as depicted by dashed arrows 731, 732, 733) , which then enables subsequent communication (e.g., shown in the direction from the network to the UEs, sometimes called downlink direction, shown by arrows 741, 742, 743) from the BS to the UEs. In some embodiments, the BS send information to the UEs (sometimes called downlink direction, as depicted by arrows 741, 742, 743) , which then enables subsequent communication (e.g., shown in the direction from the UEs to the BS, sometimes called uplink direction, shown by dashed arrows 731, 732, 733) from the UEs to the BS. The UE may be, for example, a smartphone, a tablet, a mobile computer, a machine to machine (M2M) device, an Internet of Things (IoT) device, and so on. The UEs described in the present document may be communicatively coupled to the base station 720 depicted in FIG. 7. The UEs can also communicate with BS for CSI communications.
[0172] It will be appreciated by one of skill in the art that the present document discloses methods of differential delay quantization and reporting. More specifically, the patent document discloses methods where wireless devices receive signals from different TRPs, obtain CSI including at least one of inter-TRP frequency difference information or inter-TRP delay difference information based on the received signals, and transmit the CSI to at least one of the TRPs.
[0173] Some of the embodiments described herein are described in the general context of methods or processes, which may be implemented in one embodiment by a computer program product, embodied in a computer-readable medium, including computer-executable instructions, such as program code, executed by computers in networked environments. A computer-readable medium may include removable and non-removable storage devices including, but not limited to, Read Only Memory (ROM) , Random Access Memory (RAM) , compact discs (CDs) , digital versatile discs (DVD) , etc. Therefore, the computer-readable media can include a non-transitory storage media. Generally, program modules may include routines, programs, objects, components, data structures, etc. that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. Computer-or processor-executable instructions, associated data structures, and program modules represent examples of program code for executing steps of the methods disclosed herein. The particular sequence of such executable instructions or associated data structures represents examples of corresponding acts for implementing the functions described in such steps or processes.
[0174] Some of the disclosed embodiments can be implemented as devices or modules using hardware circuits, software, or combinations thereof. For example, a hardware circuit implementation can include discrete analog and / or digital components that are, for example, integrated as part of a printed circuit board. Alternatively, or additionally, the disclosed components or modules can be implemented as an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) and / or as a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) device. Some implementations may additionally or alternatively include a digital signal processor (DSP) that is a specialized microprocessor with an architecture optimized for the operational needs of digital signal processing associated with the disclosed functionalities of this application. Similarly, the various components or sub-components within each module may be implemented in software, hardware or firmware. The connectivity between the modules and / or components within the modules may be provided using any one of the connectivity methods and media that is known in the art, including, but not limited to, communications over the Internet, wired, or wireless networks using the appropriate protocols.
[0175] While this document contains many specifics, these should not be construed as limitations on the scope of an invention that is claimed or of what may be claimed, but rather as descriptions of features specific to particular embodiments. Certain features that are described in this document in the context of separate embodiments can also be implemented in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features that are described in the context of a single embodiment can also be implemented in multiple embodiments separately or in any suitable sub-combination. Moreover, although features may be described above as acting in certain combinations and even initially claimed as such, one or more features from a claimed combination can in some cases be excised from the combination, and the claimed combination may be directed to a sub-combination or a variation of a sub-combination. Similarly, while operations are depicted in the drawings in a particular order, this should not be understood as requiring that such operations be performed in the particular order shown or in sequential order, or that all illustrated operations be performed, to achieve desirable results.
[0176] Only a few implementations and examples are described and other implementations, enhancements and variations can be made based on what is described and illustrated in this patent document.
Claims
1.A method of wireless communication, comprising:receiving, by a wireless device, a plurality of signals, wherein one or more signals of the plurality of signals are from each network node of a plurality of network nodes;obtaining, by the wireless device and based on the plurality of signals, channel state information (CSI) , wherein the CSI comprises at least one of frequency difference information or delay difference information; andtransmitting, by the wireless device and to at least one of the plurality of network nodes, the CSI.2.The method of claim 1, wherein the delay difference information comprises a plurality of delays, and wherein each delay of the plurality of delays corresponds to a network node of the plurality of network nodes.3.The method of claim 1, wherein the delay difference information comprises a plurality of differential delays corresponding to a subset of the plurality of network nodes, wherein each differential delay of the plurality of differential delays is determined by a delay of a plurality of delays relative to a reference delay, wherein each delay of the plurality of delays corresponds to a network node of the plurality of network nodes, and wherein the reference delay is one of the plurality of delays.4.The method of claim 3, wherein a number of the plurality of differential delays is equal to a number of the plurality of network nodes minus one.5.The method of any of claims 3 or 4, wherein the reference delay is determined based on at least one of:a maximum delay among the plurality of delays;a minimum delay among the plurality of delays; ora median delay among the plurality of delays.6.The method of any of claims 2-5, wherein the plurality of delays or the plurality of differential delays are comprised in the delay difference information in a specific order based on at least one of:a cell identifier of each network node of the plurality of network nodes or each network node of the subset of the plurality of network nodes;an identifier of a reference signal resource used to measure each delay of the plurality of delays or each differential delay of the plurality of differential delays;an identifier of a reference signal resource set used to measure each delay of the plurality of delays or each differential delay of the plurality of differential delays; oran absolute value of each delay of the plurality of delays or each differential delay of the plurality of differential delays.7.The method of any of claims 2-6, wherein the delay difference information further comprises a plurality of indicators, wherein each indicator of the plurality of indicators corresponds to a delay of the plurality of delays or a differential delay of the plurality of differential delays.8.The method of any of claims 3-7, wherein the delay difference information further comprises an indicator corresponding to the reference delay.9.The method of any of claims 7 or 8, wherein the plurality of indicators or the indicator is selected from at least one of:a cell identifier of each network node of the plurality of network nodes, each network node of the subset of the plurality of network nodes, or a reference network node corresponding to the reference delay;an identifier of a reference signal resource used to measure each delay of the plurality of delays, each differential delay of the plurality of differential delays, or the reference delay; oran identifier of a reference signal resource set used to measure each delay of the plurality of delays, each differential delay of the plurality of differential delays, or the reference delay.10.The method of any of claims 2-9, wherein each delay of the plurality of delays or each differential delay of the plurality of differential delays is determined by adding a time offset to each measured delay of a plurality of measured delays or each measured differential delay of a plurality of measured differential delays.11.The method of claim 10, wherein the time offset is a predetermined value, a higher layer parameter configured by a network node of the plurality of network nodes, or a parameter determined by the wireless device.12.The method of any of claims 10 or 11, wherein the time offset is a negative value of a minimum measurable delay, and wherein the minimum measurable delay τmeasure, min is determined based on a frequency interval Δf between two resource elements (REs) on a same orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol and according to or 13.The method of any of claims 2-12, wherein each delay of the plurality of delays or each differential delay of the plurality of differential delays is indicated by a delay indicator q, wherein q is an integer ranging from 0 to 2Q-1, wherein Q is a number of bits used to quantize each delay of the plurality of delays or each differential delay of the plurality of differential delays, wherein a quantized delay τquan, q is indicated by q according to one of the following formulas:(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) or(8) and wherein τquan, max denotes a delay value.14.The method of claim 13, wherein τquan, max is a predetermined value, a higher layer parameter configured by a network node of the plurality of network nodes, or selected by the wireless device.15.The method of any of claims 13 or 14, wherein τquan, max is equal to X·τmeasure, max, wherein X denotes a scaling factor, and wherein τmeasure, max is determined based on a cyclic prefix length, or a frequency interval Δf between two resource elements (REs) on a same orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol and according to one of the following formulas: or 16.The method of any of claims 13 or 14, wherein τquan, max is equal to a maximum delay among the plurality of delays or a maximum differential delay among the plurality of differential delays.17.The method of any of claims 13 or 14, wherein τquan, max is determined according to at least one of: (1) or (2) wherein X denotes a scaling factor, wherein k indicates a quantization mode and is an integer value ranging from 0 to K-1, wherein K is a number of quantization modes, and wherein τmeasure, max is a maximum measurable delay determined based on a cyclic prefix length, or a frequency interval Δf between two resource elements (REs) on a same orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol and according to one of the following formulas: or 18.The method of any of claims 13-17, wherein τquan, max has varying values corresponding to the plurality of delays or the plurality of differential delays.19.The method of any of claims 13-15 or 18, wherein for a greatest delay among the plurality of delays or the plurality of differential delays, τquan, max is equal to X·τmeasure, max, wherein X denotes a scaling factor, wherein τmeasure, max is a maximum measurable delay determined based on a cyclic prefix length, or a frequency interval Δf between two resource elements (REs) on a same orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol and according to one of the following formulas: or and wherein for an l-th greatest delay among the plurality of delays or the plurality of differential delays, l being an integer greater than 1, τquan, max is equal to a quantized delay of an (l-1) th greatest delay among the plurality of delays or the plurality of differential delays.20.The method of any of claims 13-19, wherein the number of bits Q is determined by:(1) selection from a set {3, 4, 5, 6, 7} ;(2) a quantization mode k, wherein k is an integer ranging from 0 to K-1, and wherein K is a number of quantization modes; or(3) a delay quantization granularity Δτquan according toor21.The method of claim 1, wherein the delay difference information comprises a plurality of phase rotations, and wherein each phase rotation of the plurality of phase rotations corresponds to a network node of the plurality of network nodes.22.The method of claim 1, wherein the delay difference information comprises a plurality of differential phase rotations corresponding to a subset of the plurality of network nodes, wherein each differential phase rotation of the plurality of differential phase rotations is determined by a phase rotation of a plurality of phase rotations relative to a reference phase rotation, wherein each phase rotation of the plurality of phase rotations corresponds to a network node of the plurality of network nodes, and wherein the reference phase rotation is one of the plurality of phase rotations.23.The method of claim 22, wherein a number of the plurality of differential phase rotations is equal to a number of the plurality of network nodes minus one.24.The method of any of claims 22 or 23, wherein the reference phase rotation is determined based on at least one of:a maximum phase rotation among the plurality of phase rotations;a minimum phase rotation among the plurality of phase rotations; ora median phase rotation among the plurality of phase rotations.25.The method of any of claims 21-24, wherein the plurality of phase rotations or the plurality of differential phase rotations are comprised in the delay difference information in a specific order based on at least one of:a cell identifier of each network node of the plurality of network nodes or each network node of the subset of the plurality of network nodes;an identifier of a reference signal resource used to measure each phase rotation of the plurality of phase rotations or each differential phase rotation of the plurality of differential phase rotations;an identifier of a reference signal resource set used to measure each phase rotation of the plurality of phase rotations or each differential phase rotation of the plurality of differential phase rotations; oran absolute value of each phase rotation of the plurality of phase rotations or each differential phase rotation of the plurality of differential phase rotations.26.The method of any of claims 21-25, wherein the delay difference information further comprises a plurality of indicators, wherein each indicator of the plurality of indicators corresponds to a phase rotation of the plurality of phase rotations or a differential phase rotation of the plurality of differential phase rotations.27.The method of any of claims 22-26, wherein the delay difference information further comprises an indicator corresponding to the reference phase rotation.28.The method of any of claims 26 or 27, wherein the plurality of indicators or the indicator is selected from at least one of:a cell identifier of each network node of the plurality of network nodes, each network node of the subset of the plurality of network nodes, or a reference network node corresponding to the reference phase rotation;an identifier of a reference signal resource used to measure each phase rotation of the plurality of phase rotations, each differential phase rotation of the plurality of differential phase rotations, or the reference phase rotation; oran identifier of a reference signal resource set used to measure each phase rotation of the plurality of phase rotations, each differential phase rotation of the plurality of differential phase rotations, or the reference phase rotation.29.The method of any of claims 21-28, wherein each phase rotation of the plurality of phase rotations or each differential phase rotation of the plurality of differential phase rotations is determined by adding an offset phase to each measured phase rotation of a plurality of measured phase rotations or each measured differential phase rotation of a plurality of measured differential phase rotations.30.The method of claim 29, wherein the offset phase is a predetermined value, a higher layer parameter configured by a network node of the plurality of network nodes, or a parameter determined by the wireless device.31.The method of any of the claims 29 or 30, wherein the offset phase is a negative value of a minimum measurable phase, and wherein the minimum measurable phase is one of the following: -π, -2π, or -4π.32.The method of any of claims 21-31, wherein each phase rotation of the plurality of phase rotations or each differential phase rotation of the plurality of differential phase rotations is indicated by a frequency indicator q, wherein q is an integer ranging from 0 to 2Q-1, wherein Q is a number of bits used to quantize each phase rotation of the plurality of phase rotations or each differential phase rotation of the plurality of differential phase rotations, wherein a quantized phase is indicated by q according to one of the following formulas:(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) or(8) and whereindenotes a phase value.33.The method of claim 32, wherein is a predetermined value, a higher layer parameter configured by a network node of the plurality of network nodes, or selected by the wireless device.34.The method of any of claims 32 or 33, wherein is equal to wherein X denotes a scaling factor, and wherein is π, 2π, or 4π.35.The method of any of claims 32 or 33, wherein is equal to a maximum phase among the plurality of phase rotations or the plurality of differential phase rotations.36.The method of any of claims 32 or 33, wherein is determined according to one of: (1) or (2) wherein X denotes a scaling factor, wherein k indicates a quantization mode and is an integer value ranging from 0 to K-1, wherein K is a number of quantization modes, and wherein is a maximum measurable phase equal to π, 2π, or 4π.37.The method of any of claims 32-36, wherein has varying values corresponding to the plurality of phase rotations or the plurality of differential phase rotations.38.The method of any of claims 32-34 or 37, wherein for a greatest phase among the plurality of phase rotations or the plurality of differential phase rotations, is equal to wherein X denotes a scaling factor, wherein is a maximum measurable phase equal to π, 2π or 4π, and wherein for an l-th greatest phase among the plurality of phase rotations or the plurality of phase rotations, l being an integer greater than 1, is equal to a quantized phase of an (l-1) th greatest phase among the plurality of phase rotations or the plurality of differential phase rotations.39.The method of any of claims 32-38, wherein the number of bits Q is determined by:(1) selection from a set {3, 4, 5, 6, 7} ;(2) a quantization mode k, wherein k is an integer ranging from 0 to K-1, and wherein K is a number of quantization modes; or(3) a phase quantization granularityaccording toor40.A method of wireless communication, comprising:transmitting, by a network node of a plurality of network nodes, one or more signals, wherein the plurality of network nodes transmit a plurality of signals collectively; andreceiving, by at least one of the plurality of network nodes and based on the plurality of signals, channel state information (CSI) , wherein the CSI comprises at least one of frequency difference information or delay difference information.41.The method of claim 40, wherein the delay difference information comprises a plurality of delays, and wherein each delay of the plurality of delays corresponds to a network node of the plurality of network nodes.42.The method of claim 40, wherein the delay difference information comprises a plurality of differential delays corresponding to a subset of the plurality of network nodes, wherein each differential delay of the plurality of differential delays is determined by a delay of a plurality of delays relative to a reference delay, wherein each delay of the plurality of delays corresponds to a network node of the plurality of network nodes, and wherein the reference delay is one of the plurality of delays.43.The method of claim 40, wherein the delay difference information comprises a plurality of phase rotations, and wherein each phase rotation of the plurality of phase rotations corresponds to a network node of the plurality of network nodes.44.The method of claim 40, wherein the delay difference information comprises a plurality of differential phase rotations corresponding to a subset of the plurality of network nodes, wherein each differential phase rotation of the plurality of differential phase rotations is determined by a phase rotation of a plurality of phase rotations relative to a reference phase rotation, wherein each phase rotation of the plurality of phase rotations corresponds to a network node of the plurality of network nodes, and wherein the reference phase rotation is one of the plurality of phase rotations.45.An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising a processor, wherein the processor is configured to implement a method recited in any one or more of claims 1 to 44.46.A computer readable program storage medium having code stored thereon, the code, when executed by a processor, causing the processor to implement a method recited in any one or more of claims 1 to 44.