Methods, architectures, apparatuses and systems for subband non-overlapping full duplex operation of a wireless transmit-receive unit

Abstract

Procedures, methods, architectures, apparatuses, systems, devices, and computer program products for a wireless transmit-receive unit, WTRU, capable of subband, SB, non-overlapping full duplex, SBFD, operation to efficiently manage self-interference from uplink transmission, UL SB, to downlink reception, DL SB. The WTRU receives first SBFD configuration information related to SBFD operation of a network node, NN, in the network, and receives second SBFD configuration information related to SBFD operation of the WTRU in the network. The WTRU determines a downlink reference signal, DL RS, resource for link quality detection, and performs a link quality detection based on measurements on the DL RS resource using at least one NN-SBFD symbol of a first set of SBFD symbols comprised in the first SBFD configuration information, and / or using at least one WTRU-SBFD symbol of a second set of SBFD symbols comprised in the second SBFD configuration information.

Description

METHODS, ARCHITECTURES, APPARATUSES AND SYSTEMS FOR SUBBAND NON-OVERLAPPING FULL DUPLEX OPERATION OF A WIRELESS TRANSMITRECEIVE UNITCROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0001] This application claims the benefit of US Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 531,349 filed August 8, 2023, which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.BACKGROUND

[0002] The present disclosure is generally directed to the fields of communications, software and encoding, including, for example, to methods, architectures, apparatuses, systems related to subband non-overlapping full duplex operations for wireless transmit-receive units (WTRUs) and network nodes (e.g., gNBs). In 3GPP RAN meetings, a study item on New Radio (NR) has been agreed. The feasibility of allowing full duplex is investigated, amongst which is subband nonoverlapping full duplex (SFBD). It is desirable to resolve some of the key challenges in the realization of SFBD, raised due to cross-layer interference (CLI).SUMMARY

[0003] In the following, there are defined and described methods and apparatuses for improvement of subband non-overlapping full duplex operations for wireless transmit-receive units and base stations and that are claimed according to the appended claims.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0004] A more detailed understanding may be had from the detailed description below, given by way of example in conjunction with drawings appended hereto. Figures in such drawings, like the detailed description, are examples. As such, the Figures (FIGs.) and the detailed description are not to be considered limiting, and other equally effective examples are possible and likely. Furthermore, like reference numerals ("ref.") in the FIGs. indicate like elements, and wherein:

[0005] FIG. 1 A is a system diagram illustrating an example communications system;

[0006] FIG. IB is a system diagram illustrating an example wireless transmit / receive unit (WTRU) that may be used within the communications system illustrated in FIG. 1 A;

[0007] FIG. 1C is a system diagram illustrating an example radio access network (RAN) and an example core network (CN) that may be used within the communications system illustrated in FIG. 1A;

[0008] FIG. ID is a system diagram illustrating a further example RAN and a further example CN that may be used within the communications system illustrated in FIG. 1 A;

[0009] FIG. 2-1 is an example of SBFD configuration in TDD framework;

[0010] FIG. 2-2 is cross-layer interference (CLI), inter-gNBs and inter-WTRUs;

[0011] FIG. 3-A is an example of 1stSBFD configuration (gNB-SBFD);

[0012] FIG. 3-B is an example of 2ndSBFD configuration (WTRU1-SBFD);

[0013] FIG. 3-C is a further detailed example of 2ndSBFD configuration (WTRU1-SBFD);

[0014] FIG. 4 is an example of dynamic WTRU-SBFD operation;

[0015] FIG. 5 is an example of resource allocation adaptation;

[0016] FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a method according to an embodiment;

[0017] FIG. 7 is a flow chart of a method according to an embodiment;

[0018] FIG. 8 is a flow chart of a method according to an embodiment; and

[0019] FIG. 9 is a flow chart of a method according to an embodiment.DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth to provide a thorough understanding of embodiments and / or examples disclosed herein. However, it will be understood that such embodiments and examples may be practiced without some or all of the specific details set forth herein. In other instances, well-known methods, procedures, components and circuits have not been described in detail, so as not to obscure the following description. Further, embodiments and examples not specifically described herein may be practiced in lieu of, or in combination with, the embodiments and other examples described, disclosed or otherwise provided explicitly, implicitly and / or inherently (collectively "provided") herein. Although various embodiments are described and / or claimed herein in which an apparatus, system, device, etc. and / or any element thereof carries out an operation, process, algorithm, function, etc. and / or any portion thereof, it is to be understood that any embodiments described and / or claimed herein assume that any apparatus, system, device, etc. and / or any element thereof is configured to carry out any operation, process, algorithm, function, etc. and / or any portion thereof.

[0021] Abbreviations and AcronymsACK AcknowledgementBLER Block Error RateBWP Bandwidth PartCG Configured grantC-JT Coherent Joint TransmissionCLI Cross-Link InterferenceCLPC Closed Loop Power ControlCORESET Control Resource SetCP Cyclic PrefixCP-OFDM Conventional OFDM (relying on cyclic prefix)CQI Channel Quality IndicatorCRC Cyclic Redundancy Check cri-RSRP CSI-RS resource indicator-RSRPCRS Cell-specific RSCSI Channel State InformationDAI Downlink Assignment Index DCI Downlink Control Information DG Dynamic grant DL Downlink DM-RS Demodulation Reference Signal DRB Data Radio Bearer FD Full Duplex HARQ Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request HD Half Duplex IAB Integrated Access and Backhaul LTE Long Term Evolution e.g., from 3GPP LTE R8 and up Ll-RSRP Layerl-RSRP mTRP Multiple TRP MAC CE MAC control element MCS Modulation and Coding Scheme MIMO Multiple Input Multiple Output NACK Negative ACK NC-JT Non-Coherent Joint Transmission NR New Radio OFDM Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing OLPC Open Loop Power Control PC Power Control PDCCH Physical Downlink Control Channel PDSCH Physical Downlink Shared Channel PH Power Headroom PHY Physical Layer PHR Power Headroom Reporting PL Pathloss PMI Precoding Matrix Indicator PRACH Physical Random Access Channel PSS Primary Synchronization Signal PUCCH Physical Uplink Control Channel PUSCH Physical Uplink Shared Channel P-MPR Power Management-Maximum Power Reduction RACH Random Access Channel (or procedure) RAR Random Access Response RB Resource Block RF Radio Front end REF Radio Link Failure RLM Radio Link Monitoring RNTI Radio Network Identifier RRC Radio Resource Control RRM Radio Resource Management RS Reference Signal RSRP Reference Signal Received Power RS SI Received Signal Strength Indicator SB Sub -Band / subband SDU Service Data Unit SI Self-Interference SINR Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise Ratio SL Sidelink (Side Link)SRI SRS Resource IndicatorSRS Sounding Reference SignalSS Synchronization SignalSSB Synchronization Signal BlockSSS Secondary Synchronization SignalSPS Semi-persistent schedulingSUL Supplemental UplinkTB Transport BlockTBS Transport Block SizeTCI Transmission Configuration IndicatorTDD Time Division DuplexTRP Transmission / Reception PointUCI Uplink Control InformationUE User Equipment (WTRU)UL UplinkURLLC Ultra-Reliable and Low Latency CommunicationsWLAN Wireless Local Area Networks and related technologies (IEEE 8O2.xx domain) WTRU Wireless Transmit-Receive Unit (see UE)XDD Cross Division Duplex

[0022] Example Communications System

[0023] The methods, apparatuses and systems provided herein are well-suited for communications involving both wired and wireless networks. An overview of various types of wireless devices and infrastructure is provided with respect to FIGs. 1A-1D, where various elements of the network may utilize, perform, be arranged in accordance with and / or be adapted and / or configured for the methods, apparatuses and systems provided herein.

[0024] FIG. 1A is a system diagram illustrating an example communications system 100 in which one or more disclosed embodiments may be implemented. The communications system 100 may be a multiple access system that provides content, such as voice, data, video, messaging, broadcast, etc., to multiple wireless users. The communications system 100 may enable multiple wireless users to access such content through the sharing of system resources, including wireless bandwidth. For example, the communications systems 100 may employ one or more channel access methods, such as code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA), singlecarrier FDMA (SC-FDMA), zero-tail (ZT) unique-word (UW) discreet Fourier transform (DFT) spread OFDM (ZT UW DTS-s OFDM), unique word OFDM (UW-OFDM), resource block- filtered OFDM, filter bank multicarrier (FBMC), and the like.

[0025] As shown in FIG. 1A, the communications system 100 may include wireless transmit / receive units (WTRUs) 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d, a radio access network (RAN) 104 / 113, a core network (CN) 106 / 115, a public switched telephone network (PSTN) 108, the Internet 110, and other networks 112, though it will be appreciated that the disclosed embodiments contemplateany number of WTRUs, base stations, networks, and / or network elements. Each of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d may be any type of device configured to operate and / or communicate in a wireless environment. By way of example, the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d, any of which may be referred to as a "station" and / or a "STA", may be configured to transmit and / or receive wireless signals and may include (or be) a user equipment (UE), a mobile station, a fixed or mobile subscriber unit, a subscription-based unit, a pager, a cellular telephone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a smartphone, a laptop, a netbook, a personal computer, a wireless sensor, a hotspot or Mi- Fi device, an Internet of Things (loT) device, a watch or other wearable, a head-mounted display (HMD), a vehicle, a drone, a medical device and applications (e.g., remote surgery), an industrial device and applications (e.g., a robot and / or other wireless devices operating in an industrial and / or an automated processing chain contexts), a consumer electronics device, a device operating on commercial and / or industrial wireless networks, and the like. Any of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c and 102d may be interchangeably referred to as a UE.

[0026] The communications systems 100 may also include a base station 114a and / or a base station 114b. Each of the base stations 114a, 114b may be any type of device configured to wirelessly interface with at least one of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d, e.g., to facilitate access to one or more communication networks, such as the CN 106 / 115, the Internet 110, and / or the networks 112. By way of example, the base stations 114a, 114b may be any of a base transceiver station (BTS), a Node-B (NB), an eNode-B (eNB), a Home Node-B (HNB), a Home eNode-B (HeNB), a gNode-B (gNB), a NR Node-B (NR NB), a site controller, an access point (AP), a wireless router, and the like. While the base stations 114a, 114b are each depicted as a single element, it will be appreciated that the base stations 114a, 114b may include any number of interconnected base stations and / or network elements.

[0027] The base station 114a may be part of the RAN 104 / 113, which may also include other base stations and / or network elements (not shown), such as a base station controller (BSC), a radio network controller (RNC), relay nodes, etc. The base station 114a and / or the base station 114b may be configured to transmit and / or receive wireless signals on one or more carrier frequencies, which may be referred to as a cell (not shown). These frequencies may be in licensed spectrum, unlicensed spectrum, or a combination of licensed and unlicensed spectrum. A cell may provide coverage for a wireless service to a specific geographical area that may be relatively fixed or that may change over time. The cell may further be divided into cell sectors. For example, the cell associated with the base station 114a may be divided into three sectors. Thus, in an embodiment, the base station 114a may include three transceivers, i.e., one for each sector of the cell. In an embodiment, the base station 114a may employ multiple-input multiple output (MIMO)technology and may utilize multiple transceivers for each or any sector of the cell. For example, beamforming may be used to transmit and / or receive signals in desired spatial directions.

[0028] The base stations 114a, 114b may communicate with one or more of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d over an air interface 116, which may be any suitable wireless communication link (e.g., radio frequency (RF), microwave, centimeter wave, micrometer wave, infrared (IR), ultraviolet (UV), visible light, etc.). The air interface 116 may be established using any suitable radio access technology (RAT).

[0029] More specifically, as noted above, the communications system 100 may be a multiple access system and may employ one or more channel access schemes, such as CDMA, TDMA, FDMA, OFDMA, SC-FDMA, and the like. For example, the base station 114a in the RAN 104 / 113 and the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may implement a radio technology such as Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA), which may establish the air interface 116 using wideband CDMA (WCDMA). WCDMA may include communication protocols such as High-Speed Packet Access (HSPA) and / or Evolved HSPA (HSPA+). HSPA may include High-Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA) and / or High-Speed Uplink Packet Access (HSUPA).

[0030] In an embodiment, the base station 114a and the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may implement a radio technology such as Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA), which may establish the air interface 116 using Long Term Evolution (LTE) and / or LTE- Advanced (LTE-A) and / or LTE-Advanced Pro (LTE-A Pro).

[0031] In an embodiment, the base station 114a and the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may implement a radio technology such as NR Radio Access, which may establish the air interface 116 using New Radio (NR).

[0032] In an embodiment, the base station 114a and the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may implement multiple radio access technologies. For example, the base station 114a and the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may implement LTE radio access and NR radio access together, for instance using dual connectivity (DC) principles. Thus, the air interface utilized by WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may be characterized by multiple types of radio access technologies and / or transmissions sent to / from multiple types of base stations (e.g., an eNB and a gNB).

[0033] In an embodiment, the base station 114a and the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may implement radio technologies such as IEEE 802.11 (i.e., Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (i.e., Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX)), CDMA2000, CDMA2000 IX, CDMA2000 EV-DO, Interim Standard 2000 (IS-2000), Interim Standard 95 (IS-95), InterimStandard 856 (IS-856), Global System for Mobile communications (GSM), Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE), GSM EDGE (GERAN), and the like.

[0034] The base station 114b in FIG. 1 A may be a wireless router, Home Node-B, Home eNode- B, or access point, for example, and may utilize any suitable RAT for facilitating wireless connectivity in a localized area, such as a place of business, a home, a vehicle, a campus, an industrial facility, an air corridor (e.g., for use by drones), a roadway, and the like. In an embodiment, the base station 114b and the WTRUs 102c, 102d may implement a radio technology such as IEEE 802.11 to establish a wireless local area network (WLAN). In an embodiment, the base station 114b and the WTRUs 102c, 102d may implement a radio technology such as IEEE 802.15 to establish a wireless personal area network (WPAN). In an embodiment, the base station 114b and the WTRUs 102c, 102d may utilize a cellular-based RAT (e.g., WCDMA, CDMA2000, GSM, LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, NR, etc.) to establish any of a small cell, picocell or femtocell. As shown in FIG. 1 A, the base station 114b may have a direct connection to the Internet 110. Thus, the base station 114b may not be required to access the Internet 110 via the CN 106 / 115.

[0035] The RAN 104 / 113 may be in communication with the CN 106 / 115, which may be any type of network configured to provide voice, data, applications, and / or voice over internet protocol (VoIP) services to one or more of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d. The data may have varying quality of service (QoS) requirements, such as differing throughput requirements, latency requirements, error tolerance requirements, reliability requirements, data throughput requirements, mobility requirements, and the like. The CN 106 / 115 may provide call control, billing services, mobile location-based services, pre-paid calling, Internet connectivity, video distribution, etc., and / or perform high-level security functions, such as user authentication. Although not shown in FIG. 1 A, it will be appreciated that the RAN 104 / 113 and / or the CN 106 / 115 may be in direct or indirect communication with other RANs that employ the same RAT as the RAN 104 / 113 or a different RAT. For example, in addition to being connected to the RAN 104 / 113, which may be utilizing an NR radio technology, the CN 106 / 115 may also be in communication with another RAN (not shown) employing any of a GSM, UMTS, CDMA 2000, WiMAX, E-UTRA, or Wi-Fi radio technology.

[0036] The CN 106 / 115 may also serve as a gateway for the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d to access the PSTN 108, the Internet 110, and / or other networks 112. The PSTN 108 may include circuit-switched telephone networks that provide plain old telephone service (POTS). The Internet 110 may include a global system of interconnected computer networks and devices that use common communication protocols, such as the transmission control protocol (TCP), user datagram protocol (UDP) and / or the internet protocol (IP) in the TCP / IP internet protocol suite.The networks 112 may include wired and / or wireless communications networks owned and / or operated by other service providers. For example, the networks 112 may include another CN connected to one or more RANs, which may employ the same RAT as the RAN 104 / 114 or a different RAT.

[0037] Some or all of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d in the communications system 100 may include multi-mode capabilities (e.g., the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d may include multiple transceivers for communicating with different wireless networks over different wireless links). For example, the WTRU 102c shown in FIG. 1A may be configured to communicate with the base station 114a, which may employ a cellular-based radio technology, and with the base station 114b, which may employ an IEEE 802 radio technology.

[0038] FIG. IB is a system diagram illustrating an example WTRU 102. As shown in FIG. IB, the WTRU 102 may include a processor 118, a transceiver 120, a transmit / receive element 122, a speaker / microphone 124, a keypad 126, a display / touchpad 128, non-removable memory 130, removable memory 132, a power source 134, a global positioning system (GPS) chipset 136, and / or other elements / peripherals 138, among others. It will be appreciated that the WTRU 102 may include any sub-combination of the foregoing elements while remaining consistent with an embodiment.

[0039] The processor 118 may be a general purpose processor, a special purpose processor, a conventional processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in association with a DSP core, a controller, a microcontroller, Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) circuits, any other type of integrated circuit (IC), a state machine, and the like. The processor 118 may perform signal coding, data processing, power control, input / output processing, and / or any other functionality that enables the WTRU 102 to operate in a wireless environment. The processor 118 may be coupled to the transceiver 120, which may be coupled to the transmit / receive element 122. While FIG. IB depicts the processor 118 and the transceiver 120 as separate components, it will be appreciated that the processor 118 and the transceiver 120 may be integrated together, e.g., in an electronic package or chip.

[0040] The transmit / receive element 122 may be configured to transmit signals to, or receive signals from, a base station (e.g., the base station 114a) over the air interface 116. For example, in an embodiment, the transmit / receive element 122 may be an antenna configured to transmit and / or receive RF signals. In an embodiment, the transmit / receive element 122 may be an emitter / detector configured to transmit and / or receive IR, UV, or visible light signals, for example. In an embodiment, the transmit / receive element 122 may be configured to transmit and / or receive bothRF and light signals. It will be appreciated that the transmit / receive element 122 may be configured to transmit and / or receive any combination of wireless signals.

[0041] Although the transmit / receive element 122 is depicted in FIG. IB as a single element, the WTRU 102 may include any number of transmit / receive elements 122. For example, the WTRU 102 may employ MIMO technology. Thus, in an embodiment, the WTRU 102 may include two or more transmit / receive elements 122 (e.g., multiple antennas) for transmitting and receiving wireless signals over the air interface 116.

[0042] The transceiver 120 may be configured to modulate the signals that are to be transmitted by the transmit / receive element 122 and to demodulate the signals that are received by the transmit / receive element 122. As noted above, the WTRU 102 may have multi-mode capabilities. Thus, the transceiver 120 may include multiple transceivers for enabling the WTRU 102 to communicate via multiple RATs, such as NR and IEEE 802.11, for example.

[0043] The processor 118 of the WTRU 102 may be coupled to, and may receive user input data from, the speaker / microphone 124, the keypad 126, and / or the display / touchpad 128 (e.g., a liquid crystal display (LCD) display unit or organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display unit). The processor 118 may also output user data to the speaker / microphone 124, the keypad 126, and / or the display / touchpad 128. In addition, the processor 118 may access information from, and store data in, any type of suitable memory, such as the non-removable memory 130 and / or the removable memory 132. The non-removable memory 130 may include random-access memory (RAM), readonly memory (ROM), a hard disk, or any other type of memory storage device. The removable memory 132 may include a subscriber identity module (SIM) card, a memory stick, a secure digital (SD) memory card, and the like. In other embodiments, the processor 118 may access information from, and store data in, memory that is not physically located on the WTRU 102, such as on a server or a home computer (not shown).

[0044] The processor 118 may receive power from the power source 134, and may be configured to distribute and / or control the power to the other components in the WTRU 102. The power source 134 may be any suitable device for powering the WTRU 102. For example, the power source 134 may include one or more dry cell batteries (e.g., nickel-cadmium (NiCd), nickel-zinc (NiZn), nickel metal hydride (NiMH), lithium-ion (Li-ion), etc.), solar cells, fuel cells, and the like.

[0045] The processor 118 may also be coupled to the GPS chipset 136, which may be configured to provide location information (e.g., longitude and latitude) regarding the current location of the WTRU 102. In addition to, or in lieu of, the information from the GPS chipset 136, the WTRU 102 may receive location information over the air interface 116 from a base station (e.g., base stations 114a, 114b) and / or determine its location based on the timing of the signals being receivedfrom two or more nearby base stations. It will be appreciated that the WTRU 102 may acquire location information by way of any suitable location-determination method while remaining consistent with an embodiment.

[0046] The processor 118 may further be coupled to other elements / peripherals 138, which may include one or more software and / or hardware modules / units that provide additional features, functionality and / or wired or wireless connectivity. For example, the elements / peripherals 138 may include an accelerometer, an e-compass, a satellite transceiver, a digital camera (e.g., for photographs and / or video), a universal serial bus (USB) port, a vibration device, a television transceiver, a hands free headset, a Bluetooth® module, a frequency modulated (FM) radio unit, a digital music player, a media player, a video game player module, an Internet browser, a virtual reality and / or augmented reality (VR / AR) device, an activity tracker, and the like. The elements / peripherals 138 may include one or more sensors, the sensors may be one or more of a gyroscope, an accelerometer, a hall effect sensor, a magnetometer, an orientation sensor, a proximity sensor, a temperature sensor, a time sensor; a geolocation sensor; an altimeter, a light sensor, a touch sensor, a magnetometer, a barometer, a gesture sensor, a biometric sensor, and / or a humidity sensor.

[0047] The WTRU 102 may include a full duplex radio for which transmission and reception of some or all of the signals (e.g., associated with particular subframes for both the uplink (e.g., for transmission) and downlink (e.g., for reception) may be concurrent and / or simultaneous. The full duplex radio may include an interference management unit to reduce and or substantially eliminate self-interference via either hardware (e.g., a choke) or signal processing via a processor (e.g., a separate processor (not shown) or via processor 118). In an embodiment, the WTRU 102 may include a half-duplex radio for which transmission and reception of some or all of the signals (e.g., associated with particular subframes for either the uplink (e.g., for transmission) or the downlink (e.g., for reception)).

[0048] FIG. 1C is a system diagram illustrating the RAN 104 and the CN 106 according to an embodiment. As noted above, the RAN 104 may employ an E-UTRA radio technology to communicate with the WTRUs 102a, 102b, and 102c over the air interface 116. The RAN 104 may also be in communication with the CN 106.

[0049] The RAN 104 may include eNode-Bs 160a, 160b, 160c, though it will be appreciated that the RAN 104 may include any number of eNode-Bs while remaining consistent with an embodiment. The eNode-Bs 160a, 160b, 160c may each include one or more transceivers for communicating with the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c over the air interface 116. In an embodiment, the eNode-Bs 160a, 160b, 160c may implement MIMO technology. Thus, the eNode-B 160a, forexample, may use multiple antennas to transmit wireless signals to, and receive wireless signals from, the WTRU 102a.

[0050] Each of the eNode-Bs 160a, 160b, and 160c may be associated with a particular cell (not shown) and may be configured to handle radio resource management decisions, handover decisions, scheduling of users in the uplink (UL) and / or downlink (DL), and the like. As shown in FIG. 1C, the eNode-Bs 160a, 160b, 160c may communicate with one another over an X2 interface.

[0051] The CN 106 shown in FIG. 1C may include a mobility management entity (MME) 162, a serving gateway (SGW) 164, and a packet data network (PDN) gateway (PGW) 166. While each of the foregoing elements are depicted as part of the CN 106, it will be appreciated that any one of these elements may be owned and / or operated by an entity other than the CN operator.

[0052] The MME 162 may be connected to each of the eNode-Bs 160a, 160b, and 160c in the RAN 104 via an SI interface and may serve as a control node. For example, the MME 162 may be responsible for authenticating users of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, bearer activation / deactivation, selecting a particular serving gateway during an initial attach of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, and the like. The MME 162 may provide a control plane function for switching between the RAN 104 and other RANs (not shown) that employ other radio technologies, such as GSM and / or WCDMA.

[0053] The SGW 164 may be connected to each of the eNode-Bs 160a, 160b, 160c in the RAN 104 via the SI interface. The SGW 164 may generally route and forward user data packets to / from the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c. The SGW 164 may perform other functions, such as anchoring user planes during inter-eNode-B handovers, triggering paging when DL data is available for the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, managing and storing contexts of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, and the like.

[0054] The SGW 164 may be connected to the PGW 166, which may provide the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c with access to packet-switched networks, such as the Internet 110, to facilitate communications between the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c and IP-enabled devices.

[0055] The CN 106 may facilitate communications with other networks. For example, the CN 106 may provide the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c with access to circuit-switched networks, such as the PSTN 108, to facilitate communications between the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c and traditional land-line communications devices. For example, the CN 106 may include, or may communicate with, an IP gateway (e.g., an IP multimedia subsystem (IMS) server) that serves as an interface between the CN 106 and the PSTN 108. In addition, the CN 106 may provide the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c with access to the other networks 112, which may include other wired and / or wireless networks that are owned and / or operated by other service providers.

[0056] Although the WTRU is described in FIGs. 1A-1D as a wireless terminal, it is contemplated that in certain representative embodiments that such a terminal may use (e.g., temporarily or permanently) wired communication interfaces with the communication network.

[0057] In representative embodiments, the other network 112 may be a WLAN.

[0058] A WLAN in infrastructure basic service set (BSS) mode may have an access point (AP) for the BSS and one or more stations (STAs) associated with the AP. The AP may have an access or an interface to a distribution system (DS) or another type of wired / wireless network that carries traffic into and / or out of the BSS. Traffic to STAs that originates from outside the BSS may arrive through the AP and may be delivered to the STAs. Traffic originating from STAs to destinations outside the BSS may be sent to the AP to be delivered to respective destinations. Traffic between STAs within the BSS may be sent through the AP, for example, where the source STA may send traffic to the AP and the AP may deliver the traffic to the destination STA. The traffic between STAs within a BSS may be considered and / or referred to as peer-to-peer traffic. The peer-to-peer traffic may be sent between (e.g., directly between) the source and destination STAs with a direct link setup (DLS). In certain representative embodiments, the DLS may use an 802. l ie DLS or an 802.1 Iz tunneled DLS (TDLS). A WLAN using an Independent BSS (IBSS) mode may not have an AP, and the STAs (e.g., all of the STAs) within or using the IBSS may communicate directly with each other. The IBSS mode of communication may sometimes be referred to herein as an "ad-hoc" mode of communication.

[0059] When using the 802.1 lac infrastructure mode of operation or a similar mode of operations, the AP may transmit a beacon on a fixed channel, such as a primary channel. The primary channel may be a fixed width (e.g., 20 MHz wide bandwidth) or a dynamically set width via signaling. The primary channel may be the operating channel of the BSS and may be used by the STAs to establish a connection with the AP. In certain representative embodiments, Carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance (CSMA / CA) may be implemented, for example in in 802.11 systems. For CSMA / CA, the STAs (e.g., every STA), including the AP, may sense the primary channel. If the primary channel is sensed / detected and / or determined to be busy by a particular STA, the particular STA may back off. One STA (e.g., only one station) may transmit at any given time in a given BSS.

[0060] High throughput (HT) STAs may use a 40 MHz wide channel for communication, for example, via a combination of the primary 20 MHz channel with an adjacent or nonadj acent 20 MHz channel to form a 40 MHz wide channel.

[0061] Very high throughput (VHT) STAs may support 20 MHz, 40 MHz, 80 MHz, and / or 160 MHz wide channels. The 40 MHz, and / or 80 MHz, channels may be formed by combiningcontiguous 20 MHz channels. A 160 MHz channel may be formed by combining 8 contiguous 20 MHz channels, or by combining two non-contiguous 80 MHz channels, which may be referred to as an 80+80 configuration. For the 80+80 configuration, the data, after channel encoding, may be passed through a segment parser that may divide the data into two streams. Inverse fast fourier transform (IFFT) processing, and time domain processing, may be done on each stream separately. The streams may be mapped on to the two 80 MHz channels, and the data may be transmitted by a transmitting STA. At the receiver of the receiving STA, the above-described operation for the 80+80 configuration may be reversed, and the combined data may be sent to a medium access control (MAC) layer, entity, etc.

[0062] Sub 1 GHz modes of operation are supported by 802.1 laf and 802.11 ah. The channel operating bandwidths, and carriers, are reduced in 802.1 laf and 802.1 lah relative to those used in802.1 In, and 802.1 lac. 802.1 laf supports 5 MHz, 10 MHz and 20 MHz bandwidths in the TV white space (TVWS) spectrum, and 802.1 lah supports 1 MHz, 2 MHz, 4 MHz, 8 MHz, and 16 MHz bandwidths using non-TVWS spectrum. According to a representative embodiment,802.1 lah may support meter type control / machine-type communications (MTC), such as MTC devices in a macro coverage area. MTC devices may have certain capabilities, for example, limited capabilities including support for (e.g., only support for) certain and / or limited bandwidths. The MTC devices may include a battery with a battery life above a threshold (e.g., to maintain a very long battery life).

[0063] WLAN systems, which may support multiple channels, and channel bandwidths, such as802.1 In, 802.1 lac, 802.1 laf, and 802.1 lah, include a channel which may be designated as the primary channel. The primary channel may have a bandwidth equal to the largest common operating bandwidth supported by all STAs in the BSS. The bandwidth of the primary channel may be set and / or limited by a STA, from among all STAs in operating in a BSS, which supports the smallest bandwidth operating mode. In the example of 802.1 lah, the primary channel may be 1 MHz wide for STAs (e.g., MTC type devices) that support (e.g., only support) a 1 MHz mode, even if the AP, and other STAs in the BSS support 2 MHz, 4 MHz, 8 MHz, 16 MHz, and / or other channel bandwidth operating modes. Carrier sensing and / or network allocation vector (NAV) settings may depend on the status of the primary channel. If the primary channel is busy, for example, due to a STA (which supports only a 1 MHz operating mode), transmitting to the AP, the entire available frequency bands may be considered busy even though a majority of the frequency bands remains idle and may be available.

[0064] In the United States, the available frequency bands, which may be used by 802.1 lah, are from 902 MHz to 928 MHz. In Korea, the available frequency bands are from 917.5 MHz to923.5 MHz. In Japan, the available frequency bands are from 916.5 MHz to 927.5 MHz. The total bandwidth available for 802.1 lah is 6 MHz to 26 MHz depending on the country code.

[0065] FIG. ID is a system diagram illustrating the RAN 113 and the CN 115 according to an embodiment. As noted above, the RAN 113 may employ an NR radio technology to communicate with the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c over the air interface 116. The RAN 113 may also be in communication with the CN 115.

[0066] The RAN 113 may include gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c, though it will be appreciated that the RAN 113 may include any number of gNBs while remaining consistent with an embodiment. The gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c may each include one or more transceivers for communicating with the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c over the air interface 116. In an embodiment, the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c may implement MIMO technology. For example, gNBs 180a, 180b may utilize beamforming to transmit signals to and / or receive signals from the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c. Thus, the gNB 180a, for example, may use multiple antennas to transmit wireless signals to, and / or receive wireless signals from, the WTRU 102a. In an embodiment, the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c may implement carrier aggregation technology. For example, the gNB 180a may transmit multiple component carriers to the WTRU 102a (not shown). A subset of these component carriers may be on unlicensed spectrum while the remaining component carriers may be on licensed spectrum. In an embodiment, the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c may implement Coordinated Multi-Point (CoMP) technology. For example, WTRU 102a may receive coordinated transmissions from gNB 180a and gNB 180b (and / or gNB 180c).

[0067] The WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may communicate with gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c using transmissions associated with a scalable numerology. For example, OFDM symbol spacing and / or OFDM subcarrier spacing may vary for different transmissions, different cells, and / or different portions of the wireless transmission spectrum. The WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may communicate with gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c using subframe or transmission time intervals (TTIs) of various or scalable lengths (e.g., including a varying number of OFDM symbols and / or lasting varying lengths of absolute time).

[0068] The gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c may be configured to communicate with the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c in a standalone configuration and / or a non- standalone configuration. In the standalone configuration, WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may communicate with gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c without also accessing other RANs (e.g., such as eNode-Bs 160a, 160b, 160c). In the standalone configuration, WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may utilize one or more of gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c as a mobility anchor point. In the standalone configuration, WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may communicate with gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c using signals in an unlicensed band. In a non- standaloneconfiguration WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may communicate with / connect to gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c while also communicating with / connecting to another RAN such as eNode-Bs 160a, 160b, 160c. For example, WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may implement DC principles to communicate with one or more gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c and one or more eNode-Bs 160a, 160b, 160c substantially simultaneously. In the non- standalone configuration, eNode-Bs 160a, 160b, 160c may serve as a mobility anchor for WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c and gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c may provide additional coverage and / or throughput for servicing WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c.

[0069] Each of the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c may be associated with a particular cell (not shown) and may be configured to handle radio resource management decisions, handover decisions, scheduling of users in the UL and / or DL, support of network slicing, dual connectivity, interworking between NR and E-UTRA, routing of user plane data towards user plane functions (UPFs) 184a, 184b, routing of control plane information towards access and mobility management functions (AMFs) 182a, 182b, and the like. As shown in FIG. ID, the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c may communicate with one another over an Xn interface.

[0070] The CN 115 shown in FIG. ID may include at least one AMF 182a, 182b, at least one UPF 184a, 184b, at least one session management function (SMF) 183a, 183b, and at least one Data Network (DN) 185a, 185b. While each of the foregoing elements are depicted as part of the CN 115, it will be appreciated that any of these elements may be owned and / or operated by an entity other than the CN operator.

[0071] The AMF 182a, 182b may be connected to one or more of the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c in the RAN 113 via an N2 interface and may serve as a control node. For example, the AMF 182a, 182b may be responsible for authenticating users of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, support for network slicing (e.g., handling of different protocol data unit (PDU) sessions with different requirements), selecting a particular SMF 183a, 183b, management of the registration area, termination of NAS signaling, mobility management, and the like. Network slicing may be used by the AMF 182a, 182b, e.g., to customize CN support for WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c based on the types of services being utilized WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c. For example, different network slices may be established for different use cases such as services relying on ultra-reliable low latency (URLLC) access, services relying on enhanced massive mobile broadband (eMBB) access, services for MTC access, and / or the like. The AMF 162 may provide a control plane function for switching between the RAN 113 and other RANs (not shown) that employ other radio technologies, such as LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, and / or non-3GPP access technologies such as WiFi.

[0072] The SMF 183a, 183b may be connected to an AMF 182a, 182b in the CN 115 via an N11 interface. The SMF 183a, 183b may also be connected to a UPF 184a, 184b in the CN 115 via an N4 interface. The SMF 183a, 183b may select and control the UPF 184a, 184b and configure the routing of traffic through the UPF 184a, 184b. The SMF 183a, 183b may perform other functions, such as managing and allocating UE IP address, managing PDU sessions, controlling policy enforcement and QoS, providing downlink data notifications, and the like. A PDU session type may be IP -based, non-IP based, Ethernet-based, and the like.

[0073] The UPF 184a, 184b may be connected to one or more of the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c in the RAN 113 via an N3 interface, which may provide the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c with access to packet-switched networks, such as the Internet 110, e.g., to facilitate communications between the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c and IP-enabled devices. The UPF 184, 184b may perform other functions, such as routing and forwarding packets, enforcing user plane policies, supporting multihomed PDU sessions, handling user plane QoS, buffering downlink packets, providing mobility anchoring, and the like.

[0074] The CN 115 may facilitate communications with other networks. For example, the CN 115 may include, or may communicate with, an IP gateway (e.g., an IP multimedia subsystem (IMS) server) that serves as an interface between the CN 115 and the PSTN 108. In addition, the CN 115 may provide the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c with access to the other networks 112, which may include other wired and / or wireless networks that are owned and / or operated by other service providers. In an embodiment, the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may be connected to a local Data Network (DN) 185a, 185b through the UPF 184a, 184b via the N3 interface to the UPF 184a, 184b and an N6 interface between the UPF 184a, 184b and the DN 185a, 185b.

[0075] In view of FIGs. 1 A-1D, and the corresponding description of FIGs. 1 A-1D, one or more, or all, of the functions described herein with regard to any of: WTRUs 102a-d, base stations 114a- b, eNode-Bs 160a-c, MME 162, SGW 164, PGW 166, gNBs 180a-c, AMFs 182a-b, UPFs 184a- b, SMFs 183a-b, DNs 185a-b, and / or any other element(s) / device(s) described herein, may be performed by one or more emulation elements / devices (not shown). The emulation devices may be one or more devices configured to emulate one or more, or all, of the functions described herein. For example, the emulation devices may be used to test other devices and / or to simulate network and / or WTRU functions.

[0076] The emulation devices may be designed to implement one or more tests of other devices in a lab environment and / or in an operator network environment. For example, the one or more emulation devices may perform the one or more, or all, functions while being fully or partially implemented and / or deployed as part of a wired and / or wireless communication network in orderto test other devices within the communication network. The one or more emulation devices may perform the one or more, or all, functions while being temporarily implemented / deployed as part of a wired and / or wireless communication network. The emulation device may be directly coupled to another device for purposes of testing and / or may performing testing using over-the-air wireless communications.

[0077] The one or more emulation devices may perform the one or more, including all, functions while not being implemented / deployed as part of a wired and / or wireless communication network. For example, the emulation devices may be utilized in a testing scenario in a testing laboratory and / or a non-deployed (e.g., testing) wired and / or wireless communication network in order to implement testing of one or more components. The one or more emulation devices may be test equipment. Direct RF coupling and / or wireless communications via RF circuitry (e.g., which may include one or more antennas) may be used by the emulation devices to transmit and / or receive data.

[0078] Hereinafter, "a" and "an" and similar phrases are to be interpreted as "one or more" and "at least one". Similarly, any term which ends with the suffix "(s)" is to be interpreted as "one or more" and "at least one". The term "may" is to be interpreted as "may, for example".

[0079] A symbol " / " (e.g., forward slash) may be used herein to represent "and / or", where for example, "A / B" may imply "A and / or B".

[0080] Subband

[0081] Hereinafter, the term "subband" is used to refer to a frequency-domain resource and may be characterized by at least one of the following: a set of resource blocks (RBs); a set of resource block sets (RB sets), e.g. when a carrier has intra-cell guard bands; a set of interlaced resource blocks; a bandwidth part, or portion thereof; a carrier, or portion thereof.

[0082] For example, a subband may be characterized by a starting RB and number of RBs for a set of contiguous RBs within a bandwidth part. A subband may also be defined by the value of a frequency-domain resource allocation field and bandwidth part index.

[0083] XDD

[0084] Hereinafter, the term "XDD" is used to refer to a subband-wise duplex (e.g., either UL or DL being used per subband) and may be characterized by at least one of the following: cross Division Duplex (e.g., subband-wise FDD within a TDD band); subband-based full duplex (e.g., full duplex as both UL and DL are used / mixed on a symbol / slot, but either UL or DL being used per subband on the symbol / slot); frequency-domain multiplexing (FDM) of DL / UL transmissions within a TDD spectrum; a subband non-overlapping full duplex (SBFD) (e.g., non-overlappedsub-band full-duplex); a full duplex other than a same-frequency (e.g., spectrum sharing, subband- wise-overlapped) full duplex; an advanced duplex method, e.g., other than (pure) TDD or FDD

[0085] Dynamic / flexible TDD

[0086] Hereinafter, the term "dynamic( / flexible) TDD" is used to refer to a TDD system / cell which may dynamically (and / or flexibly) change / adjust / switch a communication direction (e.g., a downlink, an uplink, or a sidelink, etc.) on a time instance (e.g., slot, symbol, subframe, and / or the like). In an example, in a system employing dynamic / flexible TDD, a component carrier(CC) or a bandwidth part (BWP) may have one single type among "D", "U", and "F" on a symbol / slot, based on an indication by a group-common(GC)-DCI (e.g., format 2 0) comprising a slot format indicator (SFI), and / or based on tdd-UL-DL-config-common / dedicated configurations. On a given time instance / slot / symbol, a first gNB (e.g., cell, TRP) employing dynamic / flexible TDD may transmit a downlink signal to a first WTRU being communicated / associated with the first gNB based on a first SFI and / or tdd-UL-DL-config configured / indicated by the first gNB, and a second gNB (e.g., cell, TRP) employing dynamic / flexible TDD may receive an uplink signal transmitted from a second WTRU being communicated / associated with the second gNB based on a second SFI and / or tdd-UL-DL-config configured / indicated by the second gNB. In an example, the first WTRU may determine that the reception of the downlink signal is being interfered by the uplink signal, where the interference caused by the uplink signal may refer to a WTRU-to-WTRU crosslayer interference (CLI).

[0087] Definition of beam

[0088] A WTRU may transmit or receive a physical channel or reference signal according to at least one spatial domain filter. The term "beam" may be used to refer to a spatial domain filter.

[0089] The WTRU may transmit a physical channel or signal using the same spatial domain filter as the spatial domain filter used for receiving an RS (such as CSLRS) or a SS block. The WTRU transmission may be referred to as "target", and the received RS or SS block may be referred to as "reference" or "source". In such case, the WTRU may be said to transmit the target physical channel or signal according to a spatial relation with a reference to such RS or SS block.

[0090] The WTRU may transmit a first physical channel or signal according to the same spatial domain filter as the spatial domain filter used for transmitting a second physical channel or signal. The first and second transmissions may be referred to as "target" and "reference" (or "source"), respectively. In such case, the WTRU may be said to transmit the first (target) physical channel or signal according to a spatial relation with a reference to the second (reference) physical channel or signal.

[0091] A spatial relation may be implicit, configured by RRC or signaled by MAC CE or DCI. For example, a WTRU may implicitly transmit PUSCH and DM-RS of PUSCH according to the same spatial domain filter as an SRS indicated by an SRS resource indicator (SRI) indicated in DCI or configured by RRC. In another example, a spatial relation may be configured by RRC for an SRI or signaled by MAC CE for a PUCCH. Such spatial relation may also be referred to as a "beam indication".

[0092] The WTRU may receive a first (target) downlink channel or signal according to the same spatial domain filter or spatial reception parameter as a second (reference) downlink channel or signal. For example, such association may exist between a physical channel such as PDCCH or PDSCH and its respective DM-RS. At least when the first and second signals are reference signals, such association may exist when the WTRU is configured with a quasi-colocation (QCL) assumption type D between corresponding antenna ports. Such association may be configured as a transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state. A WTRU may be indicated an association between a CSI-RS or SS block and a DM-RS by an index to a set of TCI states configured by RRC and / or signaled by MAC CE. Such indication may also be referred to as a "beam indication".

[0093] unified TCI (UTCI)

[0094] A unified TCI (e.g., a common TCI, a common beam, a common RS, etc.) may refer to a beam / RS to be (simultaneously) used for multiple physical channel s / signals. The term "TCI" may at least comprise a TCI state that includes at least one source RS to provide a reference (e.g., WTRU assumption) for determining QCL and / or spatial filter.

[0095] In an example, a WTRU may receive (e.g., from a gNB) an indication of a first unified TCI to be used / applied for both a downlink control channel (PDCCH) and a downlink shared channel (PDSCH) (e.g., and a downlink RS). The source reference signal(s) in the first unified TCI may provide common QCL information at least for WTRU-dedicated reception on the PDSCH and all (or subset of) CORESETs in a CC. In an example, a WTRU may receive (e.g., from a gNB) an indication of a second unified TCI to be used / applied for both an uplink control channel (PUCCH) and an uplink shared channel (PUSCH) (e.g., and an uplink RS). The source reference signal(s) in the second unified TCI may provide a reference for determining common UL TX spatial filter(s) at least for dynamic-grant / configured-grant based PUSCH and all (or subset of) dedicated PUCCH resources in a CC.

[0096] The WTRU may be configured with a first mode for unified TCI (e.g., SeparateDLULTCI mode) where an indicated unified TCI (e.g., the first unified TCI or the second unified TCI) may be applicable for either downlink (e.g., based on the first unified TCI) or uplink (e.g., based on the second unified TCI).

[0097] In an example, a WTRU may receive (e.g., from a gNB) an indication of a second unified TCI to be used / applied commonly for a PDCCH, a PDSCH, a PUCCH, and a PUSCH (and a DL RS and / or a UL RS).

[0098] The WTRU may be configured with a second mode for unified TCI (e.g., JointTCI mode) where an indicated unified TCI (e.g., the third unified TCI) may be applicable for both downlink and uplink (e.g., based on the third unified TCI).

[0099] The WTRU may determine a TCI state applicable to a transmission or reception by first determining a Unified TCI state instance applicable to this transmission or reception, then determining a TCI state corresponding to the Unified TCI state instance. A transmission may consist of at least PUCCH, PUSCH, SRS. A reception may consist of at least PDCCH, PDSCH, CSI-RS. A Unified TCI state instance may also be referred to TCI state group, TCI state process, unified TCI pool, a group of TCI states, a set of time-domain instances / stamps / slots / symbols, and / or a set of frequency-domain instances / RBs / subbands, etc. A Unified TCI state instance may be equivalent or identified to a Coreset Pool identity (e.g., CORESETPoolIndex, a TRP indicator, and / or the like).

[0100] Hereafter, unified TCI may be interchangeably used with one or more of unified TCL states, unified TCI instance, TCI, and TCI-state, but still consistent with this invention.

[0101] TRP, MTRP, M-TRP

[0102] Hereafter, a TRP (e.g., transmission and reception point) may be interchangeably used with one or more of TP (transmission point), RP (reception point), RRH (radio remote head), DA (distributed antenna), BS (base station), a sector (of a BS), and a cell (e.g., a geographical cell area served by a BS), but still consistent with this invention. Hereafter, Multi-TRP may be interchangeably used with one or more of MTRP, M-TRP, and multiple TRPs, but still consistent with this invention.

[0103] CSI components

[0104] A WTRU may report a subset of channel state information (CSI) components, where CSI components may correspond to at least a CSI-RS resource indicator (CRI), a SSB resource indicator (SSBRI), an indication of a panel used for reception at the WTRU (such as a panel identity or group identity), measurements such as Ll-RSRP, Ll-SINR taken from SSB or CSI-RS (e.g. cri-RSRP, cri-SINR, ssb-Index-RSRP, ssb-Index-SINR), and other channel state information such as at least rank indicator (RI), channel quality indicator (CQI), precoding matrix indicator (PMI), Layer Index (LI), and / or the like.

[0105] Channel and / or Interference Measurements

[0106] Channel and / or Interference Measurements: SSB - A WTRU may receive a synchronization signal / physical broadcast channel (SS / PBCH) block. The SS / PBCH block (SSB) may include a primary synchronization signal (PSS), secondary synchronization signal (SSS), and physical broadcast channel (PBCH). The WTRU may monitor, receive, or attempt to decode an SSB during initial access, initial synchronization, radio link monitoring (RLM), cell search, cell switching, and so forth.

[0107] Channel and / or Interference Measurements: CSI-RS - A WTRU may measure and report the channel state information (CSI), wherein the CSI for each connection mode may include or be configured with one or more of following:

[0108] a) CSI Report Configuration, including one or more of the following: al) CSI report quantity, e.g., Channel Quality Indicator (CQI), Rank Indicator (RI), Precoding Matrix Indicator (PMI), CSI-RS Resource Indicator (CRI), Layer Indicator (LI), etc.; a2) CSI report type, e.g., aperiodic, semi persistent, periodic; a3) CSI report codebook configuration, e.g., Type I, Type II, Type II port selection, etc.; a4) CSI report frequency;

[0109] b) CSI-RS Resource Set, including one or more of the following CSI Resource settings;

[0110] c) NZP-CSLRS Resource for channel measurement;

[0111] d) NZP-CSI-RS Resource for interference measurement;

[0112] e) CSI-IM Resource for interference measurement;

[0113] f) NZP CSI-RS Resources, including one or more of the following: fl) NZP CSI-RS Resource ID; f2) Periodicity and offset; f3) QCL Info and TCLstate; f4) Resource mapping, e.g., number of ports, density, CDM type, etc.

[0114] A WTRU may indicate, determine, or be configured with one or more reference signals. The WTRU may monitor, receive, and measure one or more parameters based on the respective reference signals. For example, one or more of the following may apply. The following parameters are non-limiting examples of the parameters that may be included in reference signal(s) measurements. One or more of these parameters may be included. Other parameters may be included.

[0115] SS-RSRP. SS reference signal received power (SS-RSRP) may be measured based on the synchronization signals (e.g., demodulation reference signal (DMRS) in PBCH or SSS). It may be defined as the linear average over the power contribution of the resource elements (RE) that carry the respective synchronization signal. In measuring the RSRP, power scaling for the reference signals may be required. In case SS-RSRP is used for Ll-RSRP, the measurement may be accomplished based on CSI reference signals in addition to the synchronization signals.

[0116] CSI-RSRP. CSI-RSRP may be measured based on the linear average over the power contribution of the resource elements (RE) that carry the respective CSI-RS. The CSI-RSRP measurement may be configured within measurement resources for the configured CSI-RS occasions.

[0117] SS-SINR. SS signal-to-noise and interference ration (SS-SINR) may be measured based on the synchronization signals (e.g., DMRS in PBCH or SSS). It may be defined as the linear average over the power contribution of the resource elements (RE) that carry the respective synchronization signal divided by the linear average of the noise and interference power contribution. In case SS-SINR is used for Ll-SINR, the noise and interference power measurement may be accomplished based on resources configured by higher layers.

[0118] CSI-SINR. CSI-SINR may be measured based on the linear average over the power contribution of the resource elements (RE) that carry the respective CSI-RS divided by the linear average of the noise and interference power contribution. In case CSI-SINR is used for Ll-SINR, the noise and interference power measurement may be accomplished based on resources configured by higher layers. Otherwise, the noise and interference power may be measured based on the resources that carry the respective CSI-RS.

[0119] RSSI. Received signal strength indicator (RSSI) may be measured based on the average of the total power contribution in configured OFDM symbols and bandwidth. The power contribution may be received from different resources (e.g., co-channel serving and non-serving cells, adjacent channel interference, thermal noise, and so forth)

[0120] CLI-RSSI. Cross-Layer interference received signal strength indicator (CLI-RSSI) may be measured based on the average of the total power contribution in configured OFDM symbols of the configured time and frequency resources. The power contribution may be received from different resources (e.g., cross-layer interference, co-channel serving and non-serving cells, adjacent channel interference, thermal noise, and so forth)

[0121] SRS-RSRP. Sounding reference signals RSRP (SRS-RSRP) may be measured based on the linear average over the power contribution of the resource elements (RE) that carry the respective SRS.

[0122] Property of a grant or assignment

[0123] In the following, a property of a grant or assignment may consist of at least one of the following: a frequency allocation; an aspect of time allocation, such as a duration; a priority; a modulation and coding scheme; a transport block size; a number of spatial layers; a number of transport blocks; a TCI state, CRI or SRI; a number of repetitions; whether the repetition scheme is Type A or Type B; whether the grant is a configured grant type 1, type 2 or a dynamic grant;whether the assignment is a dynamic assignment or a semi-persistent scheduling (configured) assignment; a configured grant index or a semi-persistent assignment index; a periodicity of a configured grant or assignment; a channel access priority class (CAPC); any parameter provided in a DCI, by MAC or by RRC for the scheduling the grant or assignment.

[0124] In the following, an indication by DCI may consist of at least one of the following: an explicit indication by a DCI field or by RNTI used to mask CRC of the PDCCH; an implicit indication by a property such as DCI format, DCI size, Coreset or search space, Aggregation Level, first resource element of the received DCI (e.g., index of first Control Channel Element), where the mapping between the property and the value may be signaled by RRC or MAC.

[0125] Hereafter, a signal may be interchangeably used with one or more of following, but still consistent with this disclosure: sounding reference signal (SRS); Channel state information - reference signal (CSLRS); Demodulation reference signal (DM-RS); Phase tracking reference signal (PT-RS); Synchronization signal block (SSB).

[0126] Hereafter, a channel may be interchangeably used with one or more of following, but still consistent with this disclosure: Physical downlink control channel (PDCCH); Physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH); Physical uplink control channel (PUCCH); Physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH); Physical random access channel (PRACH); etc.

[0127] Hereafter, downlink reception may be used interchangeably with Rx occasion, PDCCH, PDSCH, SSB reception, but still consistent with this disclosure.

[0128] Hereafter, uplink transmission may be used interchangeably with Tx occasion, PUCCH, PUSCH, PRACH, SRS transmission, but still consistent with this disclosure.

[0129] Hereafter, RS may be interchangeably used with one or more of RS resource, RS resource set, RS port and RS port group, but still consistent with this disclosure.

[0130] Hereafter, RS may be interchangeably used with one or more of SSB, CSLRS, SRS and DM-RS, but still consistent with this disclosure.

[0131] Hereafter, time instance may be interchangeably used with slot, symbol, subframe, but still consistent with this disclosure.

[0132] Hereafter, UTCI may be interchangeably used with TCI, UTCI state, TCI state, but still consistent with this disclosure.

[0133] Hereafter, UL-only and DL-only Tx / Rx occasions may interchangeably be used with legacy TDD UL or legacy TDD DL, respectively, and still consistent with this disclosure. In an example, the legacy TDD UL / DL Tx / Rx occasions may be the cases where SBFD is not configured and / or where SBFD is disabled.

[0134] Hereinafter, the terms received signal power, received signal energy, received signal strength, SSB EPRE, CSI EPRE, RSRP, RSSI, SINR, RSRQ, SS-RSRP, SS-RSSI, SS-SINR, SS- RSRQ, CSI-RSRP, CSI-RSSI, CSI-SINR, and CSI-RSRQ may be used interchangeably, but still consistent with this disclosure.

[0135] Hereafter, a UL signal (e.g., at least one of SRS, DMRS, PUSCH, PUCCH, PRACH, PTRS, etc.) may be used interchangeably with a UL signal or channel, or a UL channel or signal, but still consistent with this disclosure.

[0136] Hereafter, a DL signal (e.g., at least one of CSLRS, SSB, PDSCH, PDCCH, PBCH, PTRS, etc.) may be used interchangeably with a DL signal or channel, or a DL channel or signal, but still consistent with this disclosure.

[0137] Subband non-overlapping full duplex (SBFD) operations

[0138] A WTRU may be configured with one or more types of slots within a bandwidth, wherein a first type of slot may be used or determined for a first direction (e.g., downlink, or sidelink (e.g., WTRU-to-WTRU communication, device-to-device communication)); a second type of slot may be used or determined for a second direction (e.g., uplink, or sidelink); a third type of slot may have a first group of frequency resources within the bandwidth for a first direction and a second group of frequency resources within the bandwidth for a second direction.

[0139] Herein: the bandwidth may be interchangeably used with bandwidth part (BWP), carrier, subband, and system bandwidth; the first type of slot (e.g., the slot for a first direction) may be referred to as downlink (and / or sidelink) slot; the second type of slot (e.g., slot for a second direction) may be referred to as uplink (and / or sidelink) slot; the third type of slot may be referred to as Sub-Band (non-overlapping or overlapping) Full Duplex (SBFD) slot, e.g., comprising at least one of DL SB(s), UL SB(s), sidelink SB(s), guard band(s) (or RB(s)), and flexible SB(s) (e.g., SB(s) that may be dynamically determined as one of DL SB(s), UL SB(s), sidelink SB(s)); the group of frequency resource for a first direction may be referred to as downlink (and / or sidelink) subband, downlink (and / or sidelink) frequency resource, or downlink (and / or sidelink) RBs; the group of frequency resource for a second direction may be referred to as uplink (and / or sidelink) subband, uplink (and / or sidelink) frequency resource, or uplink (and / or sidelink) RBs; the group of frequency resource for a flexible direction (e.g., that can be configured for a first direction, second direction, etc.) may be referred to as flexible subband, flexible frequency resource, or flexible RBs; the group of frequency resource between a first direction and a second direction may be referred to as guard band, guard frequency resource, or guard RBs.

[0140] In an example, a (SBFD-enabled) WTRU may receive configuration information or be configured with one or more SBFD UL, DL, sidelink, flexible, and / or guard subbands in one ormore DL / UL / flexible TDD time instances (e.g., symbols, slots, frames, and so forth). The WTRU may be configured with one or more resource allocations for SBFD subbands.

[0141] For example, the SBFD configuration may include a flag signal (e.g., enabled / disabled), where for example a first value (e.g., zero (0)) indicates a first mode of operation (e.g., SBFD configuration), and a second value (e.g., one (1)) may indicate a second mode of operation (e.g., non-SBFD operation). The modes of operation (e.g., SBFD and / or non-SBFD) may be indicated via MIB, SIB, semi-statically (e.g., via RRC), dynamic (e.g., via MAC-CE, DCI), and so forth. The WTRU may receive the time resources (e.g., one or more symbols, slots, and so forth), for which the first mode of operation (e.g., SBFD) is defined in for example one or more BWPs, subbands, component carriers (CC), cells, and so forth. The WTRU may receive the frequency resources (e.g., subbands / BWPs including one or more PRBs) within (active and / or linked) BWP, for which the first mode of operation (e.g., SBFD) is configured. The time instances (e.g., slots, symbols) may be indicated based on periodic, semi-persistent, or aperiodic configurations. In an example, the time instances may be indicated via a bitmap configuration, where each bit corresponds to a time instance (e.g., slot, symbol, subframe, etc.) and each bit indication indicates whether corresponding time instance can be used for the first or second mode of operation.

[0142] In RAN#94-e, a RAN study item on New Radio (NR) duplex operation has been agreed. This technology could be the great foundation in improving conventional TDD operation by enhancing UL coverage, improving capacity, reducing latency, and so forth. The conventional TDD is based on splitting the time domain between the uplink and downlink in a gNB perspective. In NR Rel. 18, the feasibility of allowing full duplex, or more specifically, subband nonoverlapping full duplex (SBFD) at the gNB within a conventional TDD band is investigated, see FIG. 2-1, while WTRU is operating with a half-duplex (HD). Operation based on HD may imply the WTRU may either transmit a (UL) signal or receive a (DL) signal on a symbol(s), not performing simultaneously transmitting the (UL) signal and receive the (DL) signal on the same symbol(s).

[0143] The realization of SBFD is subject to resolving the key challenges raised due to crosslayer interferences (CLI). In an SBFD (or dynamic / flexible TDD) framework, a potential aggressor cell may switch from UL to DL or vice-versa, causing CLI on potential victim gNBs and WTRUs. In UL-to-DL CLI, the UL transmission from aggressor WTRUs may cause directional CLI at the victim WTRUs, see FIG. 2-2. The CLI can be measured at both the victim and / or aggressor WTRUs.

[0144] It may be desirable, for a WTRU capable of SBFD (simultaneous Tx / Rx across nonoverlapped SBs) to efficiently manage self-interference from UL Tx (UL SB) to DL Rx (on DL SB).

[0145] It may be desirable, for a WTRU capable of full duplex (FD) (simultaneous Tx / Rx across fully or partially overlapped SBs) efficiently manage self-interference from UL Tx to DL Rx.

[0146] Combined WTRU behavior across gNB-SBFD config and additional WTRU-SBFD config for WTRU-side full duplex operation: summary

[0147] The following is a summary of combined WTRU behavior across gNB-SBFD config and additional WTRU-SBFD config for WTRU-side full duplex operation according to embodiments. Details of these embodiments are found in further related sections.

[0148] A WTRU may receive a 1st SBFD configuration (e.g., frequency / time location information for 1st UL SB, 1st DL SB, 1st guard band, 1st Flexible SB, and / or 1st set of SBFD symbol s / slots) for gNB-SBFD perspective. The 1st SBFD config may be received via a system information block (e.g., SIB), a broadcast message, and / or a multicast message toward a group of WTRUs. On a symbol of the 1 st set of SBFD symbols, the WTRU may either transmit a UL signal or receive a DL signal (e.g., half-duplex (HD) operation).

[0149] The WTRU may receive a 2nd SBFD configuration (e.g., frequency / time location information for 2nd UL SB, 2nd DL SB, 2nd guard band, 2nd Flexible SB, and / or 2nd set of SBFD symbol s / slots) for WTRU-SBFD perspective, where the 2nd SBFD config may be within the 1st SBFD config. This configuration may be given by a WTRU-dedicated RRC (and / or MAC-CE) signaling. Configuration parameters for the 2nd SBFD config may comprise one or more parameters defined based / depending on the 1st SBFD config, e.g., bitmap information over the valid frequency / time-domain resource in the 1 st SBFD config. On a symbol of the 2nd set of SBFD symbols, the WTRU may simultaneously transmit a UL signal or channel (e.g., on the 2nd UL SB) and receive a DL signal or channel (e.g., on the 2nd DL SB), as a WTRU-SBFD operation. Amongst benefits of the 2nd SBFD config are that the WTRU may implement a (semi-statically) fixed DL Rx filter across frequency-domain (e.g., for efficient handling of a self-interference (SI) at the WTRU when simultaneously Tx of a UL on a UL SB), and does not expect a frequent change of the DL Rx filter which reduces WTRU complexity.

[0150] WTRU behavior on combined 1st and 2nd SBFD config: The WTRU may receive configuration for (or may determine) DL RS resource for measurement and / or link quality detection (e.g., beam failure detection; BFD, detection for radio link failure; RLF, etc.), where the DL RS resource (e.g., CSLRS, SSB, etc.) spans one or more gNB-SBFD symbols (of the 1st set of SBFD symbols) and one or more WTRU-SBFD symbols (of the 2nd set of SBFD symbols).

[0151] At least one of following WTRU behaviors may be configured to performed by the WTRU:

[0152] Example 1 : The WTRU is configured to perform the link quality detection based on measurements only using the one or more gNB-SBFD symbols (excluding measurements on the one of more WTRU-SBFD symbols). When the measured link quality is below a threshold, the WTRU performs a configured link recovery procedure.

[0153] Example 2: The WTRU is configured to (separately or additionally) perform a second link quality detection based on measurements only using the one or more WTRU-SBFD symbols. When the measured second link quality is below a second threshold, the WTRU is configured to perform at least one of following behaviors of Examples 2 A and 2B:

[0154] Example 2 A: The WTRU reports a measurement result (e.g., based on the second link quality) and / or transmits a request to update the current WTRU-SBFD config, e.g., reconfiguration of the 2nd set of SBFD symbols, reconfiguration on 2nd UL SB, 2nd DL SB, and / or 2nd guard band so that the WTRU may accordingly update a DL Rx filter used on the 2nd DL SB.

[0155] Example 2B: The WTRU determines to fallback the current 2nd set of SBFD symbols to follow the 1st SBFD configuration, e.g., no longer WTRU-SBFD behavior but fallback to halfduplex operation. And, the WTRU may report the determined fallback decision to a gNB and / or may receive a confirmation from the gNB.

[0156] The WTRU may perform Example 2A and / or 2B behavior based on receiving other DL signal or channel, e.g., PDSCH, PDCCH, a specific CSLRS, RRM resource, etc. E.g., when more than (e.g., contiguous) N PDSCH reception failures (e.g., NACKs) on the 2nd set of SBFD symbols are determined within a (configured) time period, the WTRU may perform Example 2A and / or Example 2B. A value of N may be configured.

[0157] Combined WTRU behavior across gNB-SBFD config and additional WTRU-SBFD config for WTRU-side full duplex operation: detailed operation

[0158] The following is a description of the detailed operation of combined WTRU behavior across gNB-SBFD config and additional WTRU-SBFD config for WTRU-side full duplex operation, according to embodiments.

[0159] Configuration of combined gNB-SBFD and WTRU-SBFD

[0160] According to an embodiment, a WTRU may receive a first set of configuration information for a mode of operation. According to an embodiment, the WTRU may receive a first set of SBFD configurations. For example, the WTRU may receive the first set of SBFD configurations for gNB-SBFD operation, e.g., as shown in FIG. 3 A. According to an embodiment, the first SBFD configurations may include the information on time resources (e.g., symbols, slots,etc.) where the SBFD (e.g., gNB-SBFD) is applied. According to another embodiment, the first SBFD configurations may include the information on frequency resources in the configured (or indicated) SBFD time resources, for example for a first UL subband, a first DL subband, a first guard band, a first sidelink SB, a first Flexible SB, and so forth. According to an embodiment, the WTRU may receive the first SBFD configuration via a DCI, MAC-CE, RRC, a system information block (SIB), a broadcast message, a multicast message toward a group of WTRUs, and so forth.

[0161] According to an embodiment, the WTRU may operate in half-duplex (HD) operation using the first set of SBFD configurations, where the WTRU may either transmit an UL (or sidelink) signal or receive a DL (or sidelink) signal in a configured (or indicated) SBFD time instance. According to another embodiment (e.g., if configured by the gNB), the WTRU may operate in full-duplex (FD) operation (e.g., subband non-overlapping FD (SBFD), subband partially / fully-overlapping FD) using the first set of SBFD configurations, where the WTRU may both transmit an UL (or sidelink) signal and receive a DL (or sidelink) signal in a configured (or indicated) SBFD time instance.

[0162] According to an embodiment, a WTRU may receive a second set of configuration information for a mode of operation. In an example, the WTRU may receive a second set of SBFD configurations, e.g., as shown in FIG. 3B, and further detailed as shown in FIG. 3C. According to an embodiment, the WTRU may receive the second set of SBFD configurations for WTRU-SBFD operation. According to an embodiment, the second SBFD configurations may include the information on time resources (e.g., symbols, slots, etc.) where the SBFD (e.g., WTRU-SBFD) is applied. According to another embodiment, the second SBFD configurations may include the information on frequency resources in the configured (or indicated) SBFD time resources, for example for a second UL subband, a second DL subband, a second guard band, a second sidelink subband, a second Flexible SB, and so forth. According to an embodiment, the WTRU may receive the second SBFD configuration via a WTRU-specific DCI, MAC-CE, and / or RRC.

[0163] According to an embodiment, the configured second time and frequency resources may be a subset of configured first time and frequency resources. That is, the second configured SBFD configuration may be a subset of the first configured SBFD configurations. The WTRU may operate in full-duplex (FD) operation (e.g., subband non-overlapping FD (SBFD), subband partially / fully-overlapping FD) using the second set of SBFD configurations, where the WTRU may simultaneously transmit an UL (or sidelink) signal and receive a DL (or sidelink) signal in the SBFD time instances configured by the second SBFD configurations (e.g., WTRU-SBFD operation).

[0164] According to an embodiment, the WTRU may receive and / or be (pre)configured with the second SBFD configurations, where the second SBFD configurations may be associated with, correspond to, mapped to, based on, and / or depend on the first SBFD configurations.

[0165] According to an embodiment, the second SBFD configurations on the frequency resources may be indicated based on the first SBFD configurations on the frequency resources. According to an embodiment, the WTRU may be configured with a bitmap for the second SBFD configurations on the frequency resources, where the bitmap may correspond to a grid of frequency resources based on the first configured SBFD frequency resources. According to an embodiment, each bit in the bitmap may correspond to one or more blocks of RBs, frequency resources, subbands in the grid of frequency resources that is based on the first configured SBFD frequency resources. As such, for each bit in the configured bitmap, a first value (e.g., value zero) may indicate that the associated and / or corresponding frequency resources within the first SBFD frequency resources is not included in the second SBFD frequency resources. Alternatively, according to an embodiment, for each bit in the configured bitmap, a second value (e.g., value one) may indicate that the associated and / or corresponding frequency resources within the first SBFD frequency resources is not in the second SBFD frequency resources.

[0166] According to another embodiment, the second SBFD configurations on the time resources may be indicated based on the first SBFD configurations on the time resources. According to an embodiment, the WTRU may be configured with a bitmap for the second SBFD configurations on the time resources, where the bitmap may correspond to a grid of time resources based on the first configured SBFD time resources. According to an embodiment, each bit in the bitmap may correspond to one or more blocks of symbols, slots, subframes, etc. in the time resources that is based on the first configured SBFD time resources. As such, for each bit in the configured bitmap, a first value (e.g., value zero) may indicate that the associated and / or corresponding time instances and / or resources within the first SBFD time resources is not included in the second SBFD time resources. Alternatively, according to an embodiment, for each bit in the configured bitmap, a second value (e.g., value one) may indicate that the associated and / or corresponding time instances and / or resources within the first SBFD time resources is not in the second SBFD time resources.

[0167] According to an embodiment, a WTRU may receive a second set of SBFD configurations, where the second SBFD configurations may only include the configuration information of time and the configuration information on the second DL (or sidelink) subbands. That is, the WTRU may consider other frequency resources based on the first configured SBFD frequency resources and / or based on excluding the second DL (or sidelink) subbands. According to an embodiment, the WTRU may use the configured first UL subband, first guard band, first Flexible SB, and soforth for the WTRU-SBFD operation, e.g., by excluding RB(s) that are overlapped with at least one RB of the second DL (or sidelink) subbands. According to an embodiment, such configuration may reduce the WTRU complexity in WTRU-SBFD operation on the second configured SBFD configurations.

[0168] The benefit of configuring the second SBFD configuration is that the WTRU may choose, use, and / or implement one or more DL (or sidelink) Rx filters across the second configured SBFD frequency resources (e.g., the second DL (or sidelink) subband(s)). According to an embodiment, the WTRU may be configured with or use one or more fixed DL Rx filters. The WTRU may select or use the fixed DL Rx filter(s) for example for efficient handling of a self-interference (SI) at the WTRU when the WTRU is simultaneously transmitting an UL transmission on an UL subband. The WTRU may use the fixed DL Rx filter(s) mitigating the SI from the simultaneously transmitted UL signal on a same symbol(s), where the DL Rx filter(s) may not change frequently to reduce WTRU's complexity.

[0169] According to an embodiment, a WTRU may determine the required guard band (e.g., guard RB(s)) for the SBFD operation (e.g., WTRU-SBFD operation). According to an embodiment, the WTRU may determine at least the minimum guard band (e.g., guard RB(s)) that the WTRU may need and / or require for SBFD operation. The WTRU may determine that the first SBFD configured guard band (e.g., for gNB SBFD configuration) is not enough and is lower than the determined minimum required guard band. As such, the WTRU may request, receive, and / or use a second SBFD guard band for the SBFD operation. According to an embodiment, the WTRU may operate with half-duplex operation based on the first set of SBFD configurations and the WTRU may operate with WTRU-SBFD operation based on the second set of SBFD configurations.

[0170] WTRU behavior on a combined first (e.g., gNB-SBFD) and second (e.g., WTRU-SBFD) SBFD configurations

[0171] According to an embodiment, a WTRU may receive a first and a second sets of SBFD configuration information, where the configurations may correspond to gNB-SBFD and WTRU- SBFD operations, respectively. The first and second SBFD configurations may include information on time resources (e.g., symbols, slots, etc.) where the SBFD (e.g., gNB-SBFD or WTRU-SBFD) is applied. In addition, the first and second SBFD configurations may include the information on frequency resources in the configured SBFD time resources, for example for UL subband, DL subband, guard band, Flexible SB, and so forth.

[0172] According to an embodiment, the WTRU may receive one or more configuration information on one or more DL reference signals (RS) (e.g., SSB, CSLRS, TRS, PT-RS, etc.). TheWTRU may receive the configured DL reference signals and use the received DL RSs for measuring one or more parameters, link quality detection (e.g., radio link failure detection), beam quality detection (e.g., beam failure detection), and so forth. The WTRU may determine that the time and frequency resources that are configured for the DL RS may span over the time and frequency resources that are configured by the first set of SBFD configurations (e.g., gNB-SBFD) as well as the time and frequency resources that are configured by the second set of SBFD configurations (e.g., WTRU-SBFD). At least one of the following example embodiment options may apply:

[0173] Example 1 : DL RS measurement based on the first (e.g., gNB-SBFD) SBFD configurations.

[0174] According to an embodiment, a WTRU may determine and / or be configured to only use a first set of SBFD configurations (e.g., gNB-SBFD) for receiving one or more configured DL RSs. According to an embodiment, the WTRU may determine and / or be configured to only use the gNB-SBFD symbols for receiving the configured DL RSs. That is, the WTRU may exclude receiving DL RSs (e.g., for the purpose of the link quality detection) based on the second set of SBFD configurations. According to an embodiment, the WTRU may determine to not use the WTRU-SBFD symbols for receiving the configured DL RSs (e.g., for the purpose of the link quality detection). According to an embodiment, the DL RSs may be one or more of SSB, CSL RS, TRS, PT-RS, and so forth. According to another embodiment, the WTRU may use the received DL RSs for measuring one or more parameters (e.g., RSRP, CQI, PMI, etc.), determining beam and / or link quality, and so forth. Based on the measured parameters, the WTRU may determine to perform beam and / or link recovery procedures.

[0175] The benefit to use the first set of SBFD configurations (e.g., gNB-SBFD) is to avoid under-estimation of beam and / or radio link quality due to measurements on the second set of SBFD configurations (e.g., WTRU-SBFD) symbols. The down estimation may be due to WTRU using a DL Rx filter mitigating self-interference (SI) from simultaneous UL transmission. As such, option Example 1 may provide robustness on the beam and / or radio link quality detection based on WTRU's half-duplex operation.

[0176] Example 2: DL RS measurement based on the second (e.g., WTRU-SBFD) SBFD configurations.

[0177] According to an embodiment, a WTRU may determine or be configured to perform a second link quality measurement based on a second set of SBFD configurations. According to an embodiment, the second link quality measurement may be based on WTRU-SBFD configurations and / or symbols. According to an embodiment, the WTRU may be configured to perform thesecond link quality measurement in addition to and / or separate from the first link quality measurement based on the first set of SBFD configurations.

[0178] According to another embodiment, the WTRU may determine or be configured to use the second set of SBFD configurations (e.g., WTRU-SBFD) for receiving one or more configured DL RSs and / or channels. According to an embodiment, the DL RSs may be one or more of SSB, CSL RS, TRS, PT-RS, RRM resource, and so forth. According to another embodiment, the WTRU may use the received DL RSs for measuring one or more parameters (e.g., RSRP, CQI, PMI, etc.), determining beam and / or link quality, and so forth. According to another embodiment, the WTRU may use the received DL channels for measuring one or more parameters (e.g., PDCCH hypothetical BLER). According to another embodiment, the WTRU may use one or more events to determine the second link quality measurement. According to an embodiment, the WTRU may determine an example event based on detecting more than a configured maximum number of PDSCH reception failures (e.g., NACK) within a configured time-period for receiving PDSCH that is configured in the second SBFD resources (e.g., WTRU-SBFD).

[0179] Therefore, based on the measurements (e.g., based on the WTRU-SBFD configurations and / or symbols), the WTRU may determine that the measured second link quality is lower than a corresponding second threshold, where the WTRU may be configured to perform at least one of following behaviors of Examples 2 A and 2B.

[0180] Example 2A: Request to update the second (e.g., WTRU-SBFD) SBFD configurations.

[0181] According to an embodiment, a WTRU may report one or more measurement results that the WTRU may measure based on the second SBFD configurations (e.g., WTRU-SBFD), where the report may include a request to update the second SBFD configurations (e.g., WTRU-SBFD). According to an embodiment, the WTRU may request for reconfiguration of one or more of second set of SBFD time resources (e.g., symbols, slots, etc.), second set of UL subbands, second set of DL subbands, second set of flexible subbands, second set of guard-bands and so forth. In case the WTRU receives one or more configuration information for the reconfiguration of at least one of the abovementioned configurations, the WTRU may update respective DL Rx filter accordingly.

[0182] Example 2B: Fallback to use first (e.g., gNB-SBFD) SBFD configurations.

[0183] According to an embodiment, a WTRU may determine to fallback to operate based on a first set of SBFD configurations. According to an embodiment, the first set of SBFD configurations may be based on gNB-SBFD configuration and operation. According to an embodiment, the WTRU may determine that the WTRU is configured for simultaneous UL transmission (e.g., SPS UL) and DL reception (e.g., configured grant) based on the second configuration for WTRU-SBFD operation. As such, the WTRU that has determined to fallback to use at least one parameter of thefirst set of SBFD configurations (e.g., to be used on a symbol(s) or slot(s) being (originally) assigned under the second configuration for WTRU-SBFD operation) may determine to perform half-duplex operation (on the symbol(s) or slot(s)) that is either UL transmission or DL reception in a time instance. The WTRU may determine to transmit the UL and skip the DL reception or alternatively the WTRU may determine to skip the UL transmission and receive the DL based on one or more priority aspects. According to an embodiment, in case the UL transmission has higher priority than the DL reception, the WTRU may transmit the UL and skip the DL reception. According to another embodiment, if the DL reception has higher priority than the UL transmission, the WTRU may skip the UL transmission and receive the DL.

[0184] According to an alternative embodiment, the WTRU may determine to fallback to non- SBFD operation (e.g., on a symbol(s) or slot(s) being (originally) assigned under the second configuration for WTRU-SBFD operation) based on non-SBFD configurations and / or non-SBFD time instances (e.g., symbols, slots, etc.). In an example, the WTRU may transmit UL in UL-only (legacy UL) time instances and / or in time instances where the fallback operation is applied.

[0185] The WTRU may send an indication (e.g., via a report, e.g., to a gNB) to indicate that the WTRU has determined to fallback (and / or already performed the fallback operation). The WTRU may receive a confirmation from the gNB for the fallback operation, including one or more configuration information on the fallback mode of operation.

[0186] Example 3: DL RS measurement only based on valid RBs.

[0187] According to an embodiment, a WTRU may determine or be configured to receive and to measure the scheduled, and / or configured DL signals and channels, only within the second configured SBFD time and frequency resources. According to an embodiment, the frequency resources may be one or more RBs, subbands, BWPs, etc. As such, the WTRU may drop or skip receiving the DL signals and channels that do not overlap with the second set of SBFD configurations. According to an embodiment, the WTRU may drop or skip the DL signals and channels that are within the first SBFD configured resources but outside of the second SBFD configured resources.

[0188] According to another embodiment, a WTRU may determine or be configured to receive and to measure the scheduled, and / or configured DL signals and channels that overlap with a first configured SBFD time and frequency resources. According to an embodiment, the frequency resources may be one or more RBs, subbands, BWPs, etc. As such, the WTRU may receive and / or measure the DL signals and channels that are within the first set of SBFD configured resource, even if they are outside of the second set of SBFD configured resources.

[0189] Dynamic DL non-contiguous resource allocation for WTRU-SBFD

[0190] According to an embodiment, a WTRU may receive one or more indications, where the WTRU may determine based on the indications on whether the WTRU may receive a configured and / or scheduled DL reception in contiguous or non-contiguous resources. According to an embodiment, the WTRU may receive an indicator on whether there is an UL transmission scheduled on the corresponding time instance. According to an embodiment, the WTRU may receive an indication as part of a FDRA field on whether the WTRU should skip DL reception on UL subbands (e.g., non-contiguous DL reception), or if WTRU can continue with DL reception even in the UL subbands (e.g., contiguous DL reception).

[0191] According to another embodiment, the WTRU may receive one or more indications in a DL grant, indicating whether some RB(s) outside the DL SBs are not available for DL reception and that they should be excluded for DL reception. According to an embodiment, the WTRU may receive the indication along with the FDRA field indicating RBs across the first DL SB, the UL SB, second DL SB, etc. The WTRU may determine if the DL resource allocation is over noncontiguous resources for WTRU-SBFD based on one or more of the following:

[0192] Explicit indication: Reusing the current FDRA: According to an embodiment, the WTRU may receive an additional indication along with the FDRA, indicating whether to use or skip and / or exclude the UL subband.

[0193] Implicit indication: The WTRU may determine whether RB(s) in the DL FDRA collide with UL subbands. According to an embodiment, the WTRU may determine that there is an UL signal and / or channel scheduled (e.g., CG-PUSCH) for the UL transmission in the UL subbands. As such, the WTRU may determine the configured DL is prioritized, where the WTRU may drop the UL (e.g., CG-PUSCH) transmission.

[0194] Max transition time control and reporting

[0195] According to an embodiment, a WTRU may send a report and / or indication (e.g., to a gNB) to indicate the maximum number of transition points that the WTRU may support within a time period. According to an embodiment, the WTRU may send the indication via capability reporting, an event-based reporting, periodic reporting, and so forth. According to an embodiment, the WTRU may transit and / or switch between symbol(s) that are configured with a second set of SBFD symbols (e.g., WTRU-SBFD) and other types of symbols. For example, the other types of symbols may be symbol(s) that are configured with a first set of SBFD symbols (e.g., gNB-SBFD) or non-SBFD symbols. The WTRU may indicate the number of transition points and / or switching points that are supported, possible, and / or preferred by the WTRU within a time period. According to an embodiment, the time period may be a configured time duration that is based on for examplea TDD cycle(s), a UL / DL-config pattern(s), one or more slot, and / or a defined or configured time period.

[0196] According to another embodiment, the WTRU may report and / or send an indication on whether any necessary time gap period is needed for WTRU-SBFD operation. According to an embodiment, the WTRU may determine the time gap period based on measurement gap, interruption time and / or period, and so forth. The WTRU may determine and or indicate the time gap period that is between a first symbol of the first set of SBFD symbols (e.g., gNB-SBFD) and a second symbol of the second set of SBFD symbols (e.g., WTRU-SBFD).

[0197] Separate power control for WTRU-SBFD operation

[0198] According to an embodiment, a WTRU may determine or be configured to use a first set of power control (PC) parameters for the operation based on a first set of SBFD configurations (e.g., gNB-SBFD), a second set of power control parameters for the operation based on a second set of SBFD configurations (e.g., WTRU-SBFD), and / or a third set of power control parameters for non-SBFD operation. According to an embodiment, the first, second, and third sets of power control parameters may include separate and / or different open-loop and / or closed-loop power control parameters.

[0199] As such, the WTRU may transmit the UL signals and / or channels using the first set of PC parameters when transmitting on the resources based on the first set of SBFD configurations; the WTRU may transmit the UL signals and / or channels using the second set of PC parameters when transmitting on the resources based on the second set of SBFD configurations; the WTRU may transmit the UL signals and / or channels using the third set of PC parameters when transmitting on the resources based on the third set of SBFD configurations, and so forth.

[0200] According to an embodiment, a WTRU may receive one or more fallback indications (e.g., via a DCI) to use the first set of (PC) parameters when transmitting on resources that are based on the second set of SBFD configurations. According to another embodiment, a WTRU may receive one or more fallback indications (e.g., via a DCI) to use the third set of (PC) parameters when transmitting on resources that are based on the second set of SBFD configurations. According to another embodiment, a WTRU may receive one or more fallback indications (e.g., via a DCI) to use the third set of (PC) parameters when transmitting on resources that are based on the first set of SBFD configurations.

[0201] Dynamic DL SB selection for DL reception based on scheduled UL resource in UL SB: summary

[0202] The following is a summary of dynamic DL SB selection for DL reception based on scheduled UL resource in UL SB, according to embodiments. Details of these embodiments are found in related sections.

[0203] A WTRU may report its capability (WTRU capability) indicating the WTRU can simultaneously transmit a UL signal and receive a DL signal (e.g., across non-overlapped frequency resources; WTRU-SBFD operation).

[0204] The WTRU may receive configuration indicating at least a UL SB, a 1st DL SB, and a 2nd DL SB, where the UL SB may be located between the 1st DL SB and the 2nd DL SB in frequency domain (e.g., RB-level).

[0205] The WTRU may receive a UL grant (e.g., a configured-grant by RRC and / or MAC-CE, a dynamic grant by DCI) scheduling transmission of a UL signal (e.g., within the UL SB) on at least a set of symbols.

[0206] On condition that a 1st DL signal (e.g., PDSCH) and a 2nd DL signal (e.g., CSLRS) are each scheduled to be received over each of the 1st and 2nd DL SBs on the set of symbols, the WTRU may be configured to determine (select) a DL SB out of the 1st and 2nd DL SBs, based on the frequency -resource of the UL signal or channel and at least one of following selection criteria (Benefit: Supporting low-complexity WTRU using one fixed DL Rx filter on only one of noncontiguous DL SBs on a symbol, which may be a part of the WTRU capability reporting):

[0207] Example selection criterion 1 (based on RB-distance between UL and DL): The WTRU may determine to select a DL SB where a SB boundary of the DL SB (or the scheduled DL signal or channel (e.g., PDSCH) within the DL SB) has a larger RB distance from the UL signal. The WTRU may receive the DL signal (one of 1 st DL signal and 2nd DL signal) within the determined DL SB; the WTRU may receive other scheduled DL signal (e.g., PDCCH, CSLRS, etc.) within the same (determined) DL SB; the WTRU may not receive DL signal(s) within the unselected DL SB.

[0208] Example selection criterion 2 (based on a primary DL SB and a secondary DL SB, being configured or indicated): The WTRU may receive an indication (or configuration) on which DL SB is a primary (or default) DL SB, and / or which DL SB is a secondary DL SB. For example, the 1st DL SB may be indicated as the primary (or default) DL SB. The 2nd DL SB may be indicated (or be determined) as the secondary DL SB. The WTRU may determine to select a DL SB that is the primary (or default) DL SB. The WTRU may receive the DL signal (one of 1st DL signal and 2nd DL signal) within the determined DL SB (primary DL SB); the WTRU may receive other scheduled DL signal (e.g., PDCCH, CSLRS, etc.) within the same DL SB; the WTRU may not receive DL signal(s) within the unselected DL SB; example criterion 2 may be applied whenexample criterion 1 fails to select one DL SB (e.g., due to same RB-distance); if no DL signal is scheduled on the primary (or default) DL SB, the WTRU may receive a DL signal over the secondary DL SB.

[0209] Example criterion 3 : WTRU may use a prioritization rule to select a DL SB, based on DL channel / signal types (e.g, PDCCH, PDSCH, CSLRS, TRS, SSB, etc ).

[0210] If no UL signal is scheduled on that symbol, the WTRU may receive DL signals on both DL SBs (when scheduled in both DL SBs).

[0211] Dynamic DL SB selection for DL reception based on scheduled UL resource in UL SB: detailed operation

[0212] The following describes the detailed operation of dynamic DL SB selection for DL reception based on scheduled UL resource in UL SB, according to embodiments.

[0213] According to an embodiment, a WTRU may report its capability (e.g, WTRU capability signaling) indicating the WTRU can simultaneously transmit a UL signal and receive a DL signal (e.g, across non-overlapped frequency resources; WTRU-SBFD operation, or across partially or fully overlapped frequency resources; WTRU-FD operation). The WTRU may receive configuration indicating at least a UL SB, a first DL SB, and a second DL SB, where the UL SB may be located between the first DL SB and the second DL SB in frequency domain (e.g, RB- level). The WTRU may receive a UL grant (e.g, configured-grant by RRC and / or MAC-CE, dynamic grant by DCI) scheduling transmission of a UL signal (e.g, within the UL SB) on at least a set of symbols.

[0214] According to an embodiment, on condition that at least one DL signal (e.g, one DL signal repeated in resources spanned in the first and second DL SBs, or two DL signals that are a first DL signal (e.g, PDSCH on the first DL SB) and a second DL signal (e.g, CSI-RS or CORESET on the second DL SB)) is each scheduled to be received on each of the first and second DL SBs on the set of symbols, the WTRU may (be configured to) determine (e.g, select) a DL SB out of the first and second DL SBs, based on at least one of following selection criteria:

[0215] Example criterion 1 (based on RB-distance between UL and DL): The WTRU may determine to select a DL SB where a SB boundary of the DL SB (or the scheduled DL signal (e.g, PDSCH) within the DL SB) has a larger RB distance from the UL signal. The WTRU may receive the DL signal (e.g, one of the first DL signal and the second DL signal) within the determined DL SB (e.g, the first DL SB). The WTRU may receive other scheduled DL signal(s) (e.g, PDCCH, CSLRS, etc.) within the same (determined) DL SB. The WTRU may not (e.g, does not) receive DL signal(s) within the unselected DL SB (e.g, the second DL SB).

[0216] Example criterion 2 (based on a primary DL SB and a secondary DL SB, being configured or indicated): The WTRU may receive an indication (or configuration) on which DL SB is a primary (or default) DL SB, and / or which DL SB is a secondary DL SB. In an example, the first DL SB may be indicated as the primary (or default) DL SB. The second DL SB may be indicated (or be determined) as the secondary DL SB. The WTRU may determine to select a DL SB that is the primary (or default) DL SB.

[0217] The WTRU may receive the DL signal (e.g., one of the first DL signal and the second DL signal) within the determined DL SB which may be the primary DL SB (e.g., the first DL SB). The WTRU may receive other scheduled DL signal(s) (e.g., PDCCH, CSI-RS, etc.) within the same (determined) DL SB. The WTRU may not (e.g., does not) receive DL signal(s) within the unselected DL SB (e.g., the second DL SB).

[0218] The WTRU may apply the example criteria 2 on condition that the example criteria 1 fails to select one DL SB (e.g., when the WTRU determines there is no DL SB that shows larger RB distance from the UL signal, e.g., the WTRU determines a first RB-distance between the UL signal and the first DL signal (or DL SB) and a second RB-distance between the UL signal and the second DL signal (or DL SB) are the same, equal).

[0219] On condition that no DL signal is scheduled on the primary (or default) DL SB, the WTRU may receive a DL signal over the secondary DL SB.

[0220] Example criterion 3: The WTRU may use a prioritization rule to select a DL SB, based on some DL channel / signal types, where DL channel / signal types may comprise at least one of {PDCCH, PDCCH on CSS, PDCCH on USS, CORESET, CORESET#0, CORESET other than CORESET#0, CSLRS, CSLRS for tracking (TRS), CSI-RS for beam management, CSLRS for mobility management, CSI-RS for CSI reporting, SSB, cell-defining(CD) SSB, non-cell- defining(NCD) SSB, configured SSB for beam management, configured SSB for BFR, periodic CSI-RS, semi-persistent CSI-RS, aperiodic CSI-RS, PDSCH, SPS-PDSCH, dynamic-grant-based PDSCH}.

[0221] If no UL signal is scheduled on the set of symbols, the WTRU may receive DL signals on both DL SBs (when scheduled in both DL SBs), e.g., by using a first DL Rx filter to receive the DL signals on both DL SBs instead of using a second DL Rx filter (e.g., for mitigating a selfinterference from the Tx of the UL signal simultaneously) to receive a DL signal on either of the two DL SBs. The WTRU may perform a dynamic DL Rx filter selection, e.g., among a first DL Rx filter (to receive the DL signals on both DL SBs), a second DL Rx filter (to receive a DL signal on the first DL SB), and a third DL Rx filter (to receive a DL signal on the second DL SB). The first DL Rx filter may be a default DL Rx filter to be also used for non-SBFD symbols (and / or thefirst set of SBFD symbols, e.g., on which WTRU-SBFD operation is not applied but gNB-SBFD operation is applied).

[0222] Examples of dynamic WTRU-SBFD operation, based on multiple WTRU-SBFD configs

[0223] According to an embodiment, a WTRU may receive one or more WTRU-group-specific SBFD configurations (e.g., each indicating frequency / time location information for one or more UL SB(s), one or more DL SB(s), one or more guard band(s), one or more Flexible SB(s), and / or a set of SBFD symbols / slots). The WTRU may not receive the first set of SBFD configurations (e.g., gNB-SBFD related configuration).

[0224] Each of the one or more WTRU-group-specific SBFD configurations may be associated with a group-ID (Group X).

[0225] According to an embodiment, the WTRU may receive an indication (e.g., MAC-CE and / or DCI) of Group 1, where the WTRU may identify the frequency / time location information of DL SB (Group 1), UL SB (Group 1), etc., as shown in examples of FIG. 4.

[0226] Example of group-wise SB partitioning from gNB-SBFD config

[0227] According to an embodiment, the WTRU may determine the one or more WTRU-group- specific SBFD configurations, based on a pre-defined or pre-configured pattern from a gNB- specific SBFD configuration, e.g. :

[0228] Group 1 : One with an upper region (e.g., half) of a 1st DL SB(s) in the gNB-specific SBFD config (e.g., the first set of SBFD configurations), where the WTRU may be configured or indicated at least with an upper UL SB (e.g., including upper edge-RBs of the UL SB), similarly in FIG. 4 or

[0229] Group 2: One with a lower region (e.g., half) of the 1st DL SB(s) in the gNB-specific SBFD config (e.g., the first set of SBFD configurations), where the WTRU may be configured or indicated at least with a lower UL SB (e.g., including lower edge-RBs of the UL SB), similarly in FIG. 4.

[0230] This may provide benefits in that, based on WTRUs' positioning info and / or beam direction info, the gNB-specific SBFD config may be partitioned into the one or more WTRU- group-specific SBFD configs, where each of the multiple ones may be signaled, switched, or updated to a WTRU (as low-complexity switching mechanism with the group-ID)

[0231] Dynamic switching of WTRU-group-specific SBFD config

[0232] According to an embodiment, the WTRU may receive a DCI indicating the group-ID (Group X, e.g., X=l,2,3,4 in FIG. 4). The DCI may be a group-common DCI (e.g., DCI format 2.0, or similar to TPC-command DCI, etc.) to be received at one or more WTRUs. The DCI may be a WTRU-specific DCI (e.g., a DL-grant and / or UL-grant).

[0233] According to an embodiment, only time-domain info (applicable symbol(s)) may be indicated by the DCI, e.g., by the group-DCI (broadcasted) or by WTRU-specific DCI, while Group X may be configured with only frequency-domain config.

[0234] According to an embodiment, the WTRU may determine (or receive an indication of) a default group (e.g., group-ID=3) for the WTRU, to be applicable unless dynamic group indication is given. In an example, if no DL-grant has been received for a period of time, then the WTRU switched to the default group. According to an embodiment, the WTRU may receive a separated indication (e.g., a MAC-CE and / or DCI) indicating (e.g., updating) a default group.

[0235] According to an embodiment, the WTRU may receive a time-domain offset parameter for when to switch the WTRU-group-specific SBFD config. The time-domain offset parameter may be indicated in the same DCI indicating the group-ID. In another example, the time-domain offset parameter may be indicated separately, e.g., via an RRC, MAC-CE, and / or a second DCI.

[0236] Examples of implicit group determinations by FDRA

[0237] According to an embodiment, the WTRU may receive a DL (e.g., PDSCH) frequencydomain resource allocation (e.g., by FDRA) in a DL-grant. On condition that the DL SB of a current group does not (fully) contain the scheduled PDSCH by the FDRA), the WTRU is configured to pick one group covering the scheduled DL (e.g., PDSCH) among the 4 groups. According to an embodiment, the WTRU may (be configured to) select (e.g., determine) a group comprising a DL SB having the largest overlap with the scheduled PDSCH.

[0238] Example behavior ID: The WTRU may cut (e.g., rate-match, puncture, truncate, etc.) RBs outside the DL SB of the determined group.

[0239] Example behavior 2D: The WTRU may receive the DL (e.g., PDSCH) as scheduled with the FDRA, and the simultaneous UL transmission may be dropped or adjusted.

[0240] If the indicated kO (DCI to PDSCH timing) in the DL-grant is less than a threshold (e.g., not sufficient to prepare PDSCH Rx), the WTRU may determine to use the default group (or stay in the current group).

[0241] Based on the determined group, the WTRU may transmit UL signal(s) or channel(s) in UL SB(s) of the determined group.

[0242] According to an embodiment, the WTRU may receive a UL (e.g., PUSCH) frequencydomain resource allocation (e.g., by FDRA) in a UL-grant. On condition that the UL SB of a current group does not (fully) contain the scheduled PUSCH by the FDRA) the WTRU is configured to pick one group covering the scheduled UL (e.g., PUSCH) among the 4 groups. The WTRU may (be configured to) select (e.g., determine) a group comprising a UL SB having the largest overlap with the scheduled PUSCH.

[0243] Example behavior 1U: The WTRU may cut (e.g., rate-match, puncture, truncate, etc.) RBs outside the UL SB of the determined group.

[0244] Example behavior 2U: The WTRU may transmit the UL (e.g., PUSCH) as scheduled with the FDRA, and the simultaneous DL reception may be dropped or adjusted.

[0245] If the indicated k2 (DCI to PUSCH timing) in the UL-grant is less than a threshold (e.g., not sufficient to prepare PUSCH Tx), the WTRU may determine to use the default group (or stay in the current group).

[0246] Based on the determined group, the WTRU may receive DL signal(s) or channel(s) in DL SB(s) of the determined group.

[0247] At least one example / embodiment above may provide benefits in terms of WTRU implementation complexity reduction, such that a WTRU may implement those multiple candidate multiplexing (group) patterns each with a fixed DL Rx filter for efficient handling of a SI at the WTRU when simultaneous transmission and reception is performed at the WTRU on a symbol(s), e.g., especially beneficial for dynamic WTRU-SBFD scenarios where the WTRU-group-specific SBFD config may change dynamically in time.

[0248] At least one example / embodiment above may provide benefits in terms of gNB implementation complexity reduction, in that the gNB may select which WTRU is to be in which group in terms of cross-link-interference (CLI) handling efficiency, e.g., WTRUs having sufficient separations in location / beam-domain perspective may be grouped together.

[0249] Tx / Rx parameter adaptations including RB-gap based rate matching with link prioritization for SBFD-capable WTRU: summary

[0250] The following is a summary of Tx / Rx parameter adaptations including RB-gap based rate matching with link prioritization for SBFD-capable WTRU, according to embodiments. Details of these embodiments are found in the related sections.

[0251] UL Tx adjustment due to simultaneous DL Rx, e.g., to avoid self-interference

[0252] A WTRU may receive configuration or indication that schedules transmission of a UL channel or signal, e.g., within a UL SB.

[0253] The WTRU may receive configuration or indication that schedules reception of a DL channel or signal, e.g., within a DL SB.

[0254] The WTRU may determine at least one symbol is overlapped between the transmission of the UL channel or signal and the reception of the DL channel or signal. Example: The UL channel is scheduled to be transmitted in an UL SB and the DL channel is scheduled to be received in a DL SB of a same symbol (OFDM symbol), for example when the symbol is an SBFD symbol or a symbol in an SBFD slot.

[0255] The WTRU may determine to (or may determine whether to) perform an UL Tx adjustment for the UL transmission in at least the overlapped symbol(s) based on at least one of the following conditions / criteria being met:

[0256] Condition / criterion 1 : A frequency gap between the RB allocation of the DL channel or signal and the RB allocation of the UL channel or signal is less than a minimum-RB-gap value: e.g., the minimum-RB-gap value may be configured or indicated to the WTRU, which may be based on the parameter(s) related to a minimum required frequency gap indicated by the WTRU (e.g., as an indicated capability); e.g., the minimum-RB-gap value may be determined by the WTRU and / or indicated by the WTRU to the gNB (e.g., as an indicated capability).

[0257] Condition / criterion 2: A parameter or value representing a spatial-domain (e.g., beam direction wise) separation between the DL channel or signal and the UL channel or signal is less than a spatial-domain threshold, e.g., based on "forbidden beam pair(s)" between UL and DL: e.g., the parameter or value may be based on a spatial-domain index-wise difference between a first beam direction index for the DL channel or signal and a second beam direction index for the UL channel or signal; the spatial-domain threshold or the forbidden beam pairs may be configured by the gNB or determined by the WTRU.

[0258] Condition / criterion 3: An explicit indicator, e.g., a "Link priority-level indicator (LPI)", representing a priority-level on the UL channel or signal indicated to the WTRU: a) the LPI may be indicated in a UL grant which schedules the UL channel or signal; b) the LPI may be configured for or associated with the UL channel or signal, e.g., via a configured-grant related configuration; c) the LPI may be indicated separately, e.g., via RRC and / or MAC-CE; d) example LPI prioritylevel indications: dl) "0": Soft adjustment on UL Tx - No particular prioritization on UL, e.g., the UL Tx adjustment is applied when the condition(s) for application is (are) met (e.g., frequency gap or spatial separation conditions); d2) " 1": Prioritization on UL, e.g., WTRU prioritizes the UL transmission and transmits the UL transmission as scheduled without adjustment, regardless of self-interference. One or more DL Rx adjustments may be performed (e.g., skipping DL Rx or receiving the DL channel or signal excluding at least one RE or RB using rate matching, puncturing, etc.); e) the LPI may be a one-shot indication or may be activated for a period of time or may be active until deactivation.

[0259] If the conditions / criteria for applying the UL Tx adjustment is (are) met, the WTRU may apply or perform at least one of the following UL Tx adjustments for the transmission of the UL channel or signal:

[0260] UL Tx adjustment 1 : If the calculated or determined UL Tx power of the UL channel or signal is above a maximum tolerable (or allowed) power level associated with self-interference,the WTRU adjusts (e.g., sets) the UL Tx power-level of the UL channel or signal to the maximum tolerable (or allowed) power level associated with self-interference and transmits the UL channel or signal using the adjusted power-level: the WTRU may adjust the power on (e.g., only on) the at least one symbol for which the criteria is considered and / or met, e.g., the at least one symbol (e.g., SBFD symbol) for which the UL Tx is overlapped with the DL Rx; for other symbols, e.g., non- SBFD symbols, the WTRU may not make UL Tx power adjustments based on self-interference; alternatively, the WTRU may adjust the power for all symbols of the UL transmission based on the power level determination for the overlapped symbol(s).

[0261] UL Tx adjustment 2: the WTRU may transmit the UL transmission where the UL transmission omits transmission on a set of REs or RBs (associated with self-interference), for example such that the gap between the DL transmission and the UL transmission is increased (e.g., to meet or exceed the minimum -RB -gap value): rate matching, puncturing, or shortening may be used; the WTRU may receive information on the set of REs or RBs, e.g., via RRC, MAC-CE, and / or DCI, which may be based on the parameter(s) related to minimum required frequency gap; the WTRU may determine the set of REs or RBs, e.g., based on the parameter(s) related to minimum required frequency gap; the omission may apply (e.g., only apply) to SBFD symbols.

[0262] Tx / Rx parameter adaptations including RB-gap based rate matching with link prioritization for SBFD-capable WTRU: detailed description

[0263] The following is a detailed description of Tx / Rx parameter adaptations including RB-gap based rate matching with link prioritization for SBFD-capable WTRU, according to embodiments.

[0264] According to an embodiment, a WTRU may be configured to adapt at least one parameter of a transmission (or reception) as a function of at least one parameter of a reception (or transmission) when at least one condition is met. Such embodiments may allow maintaining reliability of the reception in situations where the transmission may cause self-interference to the reception, for example when both transmission and reception may occur within the same channel / band and overlap in time.

[0265] According to an embodiment, the transmission may be for an uplink or sidelink physical channel or signal. The reception may be for a downlink or sidelink physical channel or signal. For example, the transmission may consist of a PUSCH, PUCCH, SRS or PRACH and the reception may consist of a PDCCH, PDSCH, SSB, or CSLRS.

[0266] According to an embodiment, the WTRU may receive resource for the transmission from RRC signaling only (e.g. by a configured grant type 1 for PUSCH, SRS configuration for periodic SRS, CSI configuration for periodic CSI, SR resource configuration for SR, HARQ-ACKconfiguration for SPS), or from RRC signaling and DCI (e.g. by a configured grant type 2 or dynamic grant for PUSCH, aperiodic SRS, dynamic assignment for HARQ-ACK).

[0267] Conditions for adaptation

[0268] According to an embodiment, the WTRU may adapt transmission and / or reception parameters if at least one, or a combination, of the following conditions is satisfied. For example, the WTRU may perform adaptation if the transmission and reception overlap in time domain by at least one symbol and if the frequency distance condition as described below is met.

[0269] Conditions for adaptation: Time overlap or distance

[0270] According to an embodiment, a condition may be that the transmission and the reception overlap in time domain for at least one symbol (or a certain number of symbols).

[0271] According to an embodiment, a condition may be that the minimum time interval between the transmission and reception (if not overlapping in time domain) is smaller than a time threshold.

[0272] Conditions for adaptation: Frequency distance

[0273] According to an embodiment, the WTRU may determine a frequency gap between the transmission and the reception as the smallest number of resource blocks between a resource block occupied by the transmission and a resource block occupied by the reception.

[0274] According to an embodiment, a condition may be that the frequency gap between the transmission and reception is smaller than a minimum frequency gap threshold, possibly only for the portion of the transmission and reception that overlap in time domain.

[0275] Conditions for adaptation: Spatial domain

[0276] According to an embodiment, a condition may be based on the pair of beams used for the transmission and the reception. For example, a condition may be that a spatial domain separation metric or coupling metric between the transmission and reception is below a threshold. The WTRU may determine such metric based on the beam used for the reception and the beam used for the transmission. The metric may be pre-defined or signaled for any pair of beams. For example, the metric may be based on the angle between the axes of maximum gain for the transmission and reception beams. In another example, the metric can be based on a spatial-domain index-wise difference between a first beam direction index for the reception beam and a second beam direction index for the transmission beam. In another example, the WTRU may determine, for any pair of transmission and reception beam, whether the pair is allowed or forbidden. This information may be pre-defined or signaled for any pair of beams. The condition may be that the pair of beams used for transmission and reception is a forbidden pair.

[0277] Conditions for adaptation: Priorities

[0278] According to an embodiment, a condition may be on a priority associated to the transmission and a priority associated to the reception, or a relative priority between the transmission and reception. Such priority may be referred to as a link priority-level indicator. The WTRU may determine such priorities based on at least one of the following:

[0279] The type of transmission or reception. For example, a PDSCH or PUSCH transmission may have higher priority level than an SRS or periodic CSI transmission. In another example, a HARQ-ACK or SR transmission may have higher priority than a PDSCH or PUSCH transmission. In an example, at least one of the following channel / signal types of the DL channel or signal may be prioritized (e.g., included) in a pre-defined or pre-configured set of prioritized DL channel or signal types (e.g., among CSLRS, SSB, DMRS, PDSCH, PDCCH, etc.). In an example, at least one of the following channel / signal types of the UL channel or signal may be prioritized (e.g., included) in a pre-defined or pre-configured set of prioritized UL channel or signal types (e.g., among SRS, PRACH, DMRS, PUSCH, PUCCH, etc ).

[0280] A priority indication explicitly associated to the transmission or reception. The priority indication can be received as part of the RRC configuration for the transmission or reception. For example, a priority indication may be configured by RRC for a configured grant configuration, HARQ-ACK for SPS, periodic CSI, SPS configuration, periodic SRS, SR resource. The priority indication can be explicitly indicated in DCI or implicitly by DCI format or size or configured for the Coreset, search space or Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI), scheduling the transmission or reception. For example, a field of DCI may indicate the priority for a scheduled PDSCH, its associated HARQ-ACK, scheduled PUSCH, aperiodic CSI or SRS. The priority indication may be indicated by MAC signaling. The priority indication may be the same indication as used for the purpose of intra-WTRU multiplexing in existing system, or may be configured or indicated separately.

[0281] Conditions for adaptation: Configuration of conditions

[0282] In the above, the number of symbols, time threshold, minimum frequency gap threshold, spatial domain separation threshold, forbidden beam pairs, and / or priorities may be pre-defined, configured by RRC, signaled by MAC or indicated by DCI. The WTRU may provide capability information for the range of possible values for at least one of these parameters. For example, the WTRU may provide a value of the RB gap threshold or a minimum thereof. In another example, the WTRU may provide a spatial-domain separation metric between pairs of beam or between transmission and reception panels as part of capability information.

[0283] Types of adaptation

[0284] According to an embodiment, the WTRU can perform one or more of the following actions when the at least one condition is satisfied.

[0285] Types of adaptation: Transmission power adaptation

[0286] According to an embodiment, the WTRU may set the power of the transmission according to a configuration that depends on the at least one condition described in the above.

[0287] According to an embodiment, the WTRU may determine or adjust a maximum transmission power when the at least one condition is met. The adjustment may be with respect to a configured maximum transmission power per carrier (Pcmax,c) or with respect to a maximum transmission power signaled by higher layers. Alternatively, according to an embodiment, the WTRU may determine an absolute maximum transmission power level allowed for selfinterference. The WTRU may first determine a required transmission power level using rules of existing system, and then set the power to the minimum between this level and the maximum transmission power level allowed for self-interference.

[0288] According to an embodiment, on condition that the criteria to determine to apply the UL Tx adjustment (e.g., as a part of the transmission power adaptation) is met, the WTRU may apply or perform the following UL Tx adjustments for the transmission of the UL signal. The UL Tx power-level is adjusted (e.g., set) to a maximum tolerable power-level, e.g., based on (or equal to) the configured max Tx power (e.g., Pcmax,c_indicated) on the at least one symbol (being overlapped with the DL Rx), e.g., only for particular symbol type (WTRU-SBFD symbols). For other symbols, e.g., non-SBFD symbols or symbol(s) in the first SBFD configuration (e.g., gNB- SBFD configuration), the WTRU may be configured to maintain a first UL Tx power value determined based on a current UL power control process on a symbol(s) other than the at least one symbol (being overlapped), where the first UL Tx power value (e.g., Pcmax,c_original) may be higher than the configured max Tx power (Pcmax,c_indicated).

[0289] According to another embodiment, the WTRU may reduce the transmission power by an offset when the at least one condition is met.

[0290] According to an embodiment, the value of the adjustment, of the allowed maximum transmission power or of the offset may depend on at least one of the following:

[0291] The frequency gap between the transmission and the reception

[0292] The number of overlapping time symbol between the transmission and the reception

[0293] The spatial distance or coupling between the beams used for transmission and the reception

[0294] The priority levels of the transmission of the reception, such as whether the priority level of the transmission is equal to, larger than or smaller than the priority level of the reception.

[0295] The WTRU may apply the transmission power level determined as per the above over all symbols of the transmission. Alternatively, the WTRU may apply such transmission power level only over symbols that overlap in time with the reception and apply transmission power as per existing operation over non-overlapping symbols.

[0296] Types of adaptation: Resource allocation adaptation

[0297] According to an embodiment, the WTRU may first receive a resource allocation in time and / or frequency and a beam indication for the transmission from RRC, MAC and / or DCI signaling according to solutions in at least one embodiment. According to an embodiment, the WTRU may modify the resource allocation and / or beam when the at least one condition is met.

[0298] Resource allocation adaptation may be applied to a transmission and / or a reception.

[0299] According to an embodiment, the WTRU may remove the time symbols of a transmission (reception) that would overlap in time with the reception (transmission). The WTRU may use this embodiment under a condition that the resulting reduction of resource elements does not exceed a pre-defined or signaled threshold. The WTRU may remove time symbols only for the time symbols for which sub-band full duplex operation is applied.

[0300] According to an embodiment, the WTRU may remove allocated resource blocks or elements of a transmission (reception) at the edge of the transmission (reception) such that the frequency gap with the reception (transmission) is equal (or higher than) the minimum frequency gap. The WTRU may remove only the portion of such resource blocks that overlap in time with the reception (transmission), e.g., as shown in FIG. 5. In an example, a set of REs or RBs including extra RB gap (guard RB(s)) for the UL channel or signal is rate-matched, punctured, shortened, truncated, and / or omitted before transmission, on the at least one symbol (being overlapped with the DL Rx), e.g., in order to avoid a self-interference exceeding a tolerance level on the DL Rx. The WTRU may receive information on the set of REs or RBs, e.g., RRC, MAC-CE, and / or DCI, which may be based on the parameter(s) related to minimum required frequency gap. According to an embodiment, the WTRU may determine the set of REs or RBs, e.g., based on the parameter(s) related to minimum required frequency gap. According to an embodiment, the WTRU may determine the set of REs or RBs are "edge REs or RBs" of the UL channel or signal, which are minimum number of REs or RBs that satisfies the minimum required frequency gap between the UL channel or signal and the DL channel or signal. For other symbols, e.g., non-SBFD symbols or symbol(s) in the first SBFD configuration (e.g., gNB-SBFD configuration), the WTRU may be configured to maintain the frequency resource of the UL channel or signal (without applying the set of REs or RBs) to be transmitted on a symbol(s) other than the at least one symbol (being overlapped), e.g., the set of REs or RBs are only selectively applied on the at least one symbol.

[0301] According to an embodiment, the WTRU may receive information on which resources in time and / or frequency domain should be removed (or alternatively resources that are still used if the at least one condition is met) from RRC, MAC or DCI signaling. According to an embodiment, the WTRU may receive a configured grant configuration including a first time and / or frequency allocation applicable when the at least one condition is not met, and a second time and / or frequency allocation applicable when the at least one condition is met. The first and second allocation may be associated with first and second modulation and coding scheme.

[0302] According to an embodiment, the WTRU may first map coded bits to the resource elements before removal of the resources as per the above, such that coded bits mapped to removed resources are punctured. According to an alternative embodiment, the WTRU may map coded bits to the resource elements after removal of the resources, and apply rate matching based on the resulting number of coded bits.

[0303] According to an embodiment, the WTRU may transmit and receive using first transmit and receive beams when the at least one condition is not met according to solutions in at least one embodiment, and transmit and receive using second transmit and receive beams when the at least one condition is met. The WTRU may determine second transmit and receive beams based on an association with first transmit and receive beams. Such association may be pre-defined or signaled by higher layers.

[0304] In an example embodiment of FIG. 5, the WTRU may receive a first scheduling grant of PUSCH 1 (spanned on Slot n+1 and Slot n+2) and a second scheduling grant of PUSCH 2 (on Slot n+4), where the (e.g., each) scheduling grant may be configured-grant (CG) by RRC and / or MAC- CE, or dynamic grant (DG) by a DCI. The WTRU may determine that at least one symbol of PUSCH 1 overlaps with a DL transmission at least in time (e.g., WTRU-SBFD operation, WTRU- FD operation), where on the at least one symbol the WTRU receives the DL transmission and simultaneously transmits the PUSCH 1, e.g., the WTRU determines the at least one condition is met. Based on determining the at least one condition is met, the WTRU may determine to apply the resource allocation adaptation which comprises RB(s)-level rate matching (RM) including an additional guard RBs (REs) (e.g., "extra RB gap") determined symbol-wise, e.g., based on the WTRU's capability. The resource allocation adaptation (e.g., including the RB(s)-level RM) that the WTRU performs may be known to the gNB-side, e.g., based on gNB's configuration or signaling (e.g., via UCI, MAC-CE, etc.) on the resource allocation adaptation behavior and / or a pre-defined rule of the WTRU behavior. The WTRU may receive an indication on how to apply the resource allocation adaptation, e.g., including the amount of the extra RB gap, that may bechanged or updated over time and may be negotiated (e.g., via signaling handshakes) between the WTRU and the gNB, e.g., based on wireless channel conditions that may vary over time.

[0305] According to an embodiment, the WTRU may be configured with multiple rate matching patterns, e.g., one for without actual DL scheduled, and another for with DL scheduled (also on condition with proximity in SB boundary). The WTRU may apply one of the patterns per symbolwise (e.g., within a slot, within the same physical channel / signal), e.g., by an implicit rule, or by an explicit indication. The scheduling grant (e.g., UL grant or DL grant) may indicate an explicit selection of a rate matching pattern of the multiple patterns. The scheduling grant (or a separate RM signaling) may indicate one rate matching pattern, and the WTRU determine to apply which RM pattern for each symbol (or for a set of symbols).

[0306] Types of adaptation: Selection of adaptation scheme

[0307] According to an embodiment, the WTRU may determine whether to apply one of the above adaptation scheme, and / or which adaptation scheme to select, based on the following:

[0308] A link priority-level indication associated to the transmission and / or a link priority-level indication associated to the reception, e.g., where the WTRU may receive an explicit indicator e.g., "Link priority-level indicator (LPI)", representing a priority-level on the UL channel or signal.

[0309] According to an embodiment, the WTRU may apply transmission power adaptation if the priority-level indication of the transmission is a first value, and apply resource allocation adaptation to the transmission (possibly in addition to transmission power adaptation) if the priority-level of the transmission is a second value.

[0310] According to an embodiment, the WTRU may apply resource allocation adaptation to the reception if the link priority-level indication of the transmission is a third value, or if it is higher than the link priority-level indication of the reception.

[0311] An LPI field indicating the LPI may be comprised in a UL grant which schedules the UL channel or signal.

[0312] The LPI may be configured, associated with the UL channel or signal, e.g., via a configured-grant related configuration.

[0313] The LPI may be indicated separately, e.g., via RRC and / or MAC-CE.

[0314] Example of a 1-bit LPI (e.g., how long it will apply, or just one-shot apply, or activating / deactivating for an amount of time):

[0315] "0": Soft adjustment on UL Tx - No particular prioritization on UL, e.g., the UL Tx adjustment needs to be performed whenever necessary.

[0316] " 1": Prioritization on UL, e.g., "protected UL", to perform simultaneous UL Tx and DL Rx, as scheduled, regardless of self-interference, or one or more DL Rx adjustment if necessary(e.g., skipping DL Rx, receiving the DL channel or signal excluding at least one RE or RB, via a pre-defined or pre-configured rate matching, puncturing, etc.). E.g., on a symbol where SPS- PDSCH is already scheduled. For SPS-PDSCH, for this LPI=1, WTRU may apply a second MCS level, and / or DL-rate-matching, etc., e.g., compromising DL throughput.

[0317] According to an embodiment, the WTRU may be configured or indicated to apply an enhanced "priority indication", e.g., in DCI format 1 1, 1 2 (as DL-DCI), and 0 1, 0 2 (as UL- DCI). The enhanced "priority indication" may comprise prioritizing between UL and DL (e.g., based on re-interpretation of the "priority indication" related field in the DCI), which may add an additional interpretation on the opposite link direction / behavior based on at least one example shown above.

[0318] FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a method 600, implemented by a wireless transmit-receive unit, according to an embodiment for a mode of operation of the WTRU in a network. The method may comprise:In 601, receiving a first set of subband non-overlapping full duplex, SBFD, configuration information related to SBFD operation of a network node, NN, in the network;In 602, receiving a second set of SBFD configuration information related to SBFD operation of the WTRU in the network;In 603, determining a downlink reference signal, DL RS, resource for link quality detection, the DL RS resource spanning at least one NN - SBFD symbol of a first set of SBFD symbols comprised in the first set of SBFD configuration information, and at least one WTRU- SBFD symbol of a second set of SBFD symbols comprised in the second set of SBFD configuration information; andIn 604, performing a link quality detection based on measurements on the DL RS resource using the at least one NN-SBFD symbol and / or using the at least one WTRU-SBFD symbol.

[0319] According to an embodiment of the method, under condition that the link quality detection is performed based on measurements on the DL RS resource using the at least one NN- SBFD symbol only, and a result of the link quality detection is below a first threshold, the method may comprise performing a configured link recovery procedure.

[0320] According to an embodiment of the method, under condition that the link quality detection is performed based on measurements on the DL RS resource using the at least one WTRU-SBFD symbol only or additionally based on measurements on the DL RS resource using the at least one NN-SBFD symbol, and a result of the link quality detection is below a second threshold, the method may comprise reporting the result of the measurement on the DL RSresource using the at least one WTRU-SBFD symbol to the network node, and may accordingly comprise updating the second set of SBFD configuration information.

[0321] According to an embodiment of the method, under condition that the link quality detection is performed based on measurements on the DL RS resource using the at least one WTRU-SBFD symbol only or additionally based on measurements on the DL RS resource using the at least one NN-SBFD symbol, and a result of the link quality detection is below a second threshold, the method may comprise reporting a decision to fallback SBFD operation of the WTRU in the network based on a currently used second set of SBFD symbols to follow the first set of SBFD symbols.

[0322] According to an embodiment of the method, the second set of SBFD configuration information is comprised in the first SBFD configuration information received.

[0323] According to an embodiment of the method, the second set of SBFD configuration information comprises at least one of the following: frequency / time location information related to a second uplink, UL, subband, SB; information related to a second DL SB; information related to a second guard band.

[0324] There is also disclosed and described a wireless transmit-receive unit, WTRU, comprising at least one processor. The at least one processor may be configured to: receive a first set of subband non-overlapping full duplex, SBFD, configuration information related to SBFD operation of a network node, NN, in a network; receive a second set of SBFD configuration information related to SBFD operation of the WTRU in the network; determine a downlink reference signal, DL RS, resource for link quality detection, the DL RS resource spanning at least one NN-SBFD symbol of a first set of SBFD symbols comprised in the first set of SBFD configuration information, and at least one WTRU-SBFD symbol of a second set of SBFD symbols comprised in the second set of SBFD configuration information; and perform a link quality detection based on measurements on the DL RS resource using the at least one NN-SBFD symbol and / or using the at least one WTRU-SBFD symbol.

[0325] According to an embodiment of the WTRU, the at least one processor may be further configured to, under condition that the link quality detection is performed based on measurements on the DL RS resource using the at least one NN-SBFD symbol only, and a result of the link quality detection is below a first threshold, perform a configured link recovery procedure.

[0326] According to a further embodiment of the WTRU, the at least one processor may be configured to, under condition that the link quality detection is performed based on measurements on the DL RS resource using the at least one WTRU-SBFD symbol only or additionally based onmeasurements on the DL RS resource using the at least one NN-SBFD symbol, and a result of the link quality detection is below a second threshold, report the result of the measurement on the DL RS resource using the at least one WTRU-SBFD symbol to the network node, and accordingly update the second set of SBFD configuration information.

[0327] According to a further embodiment of the WTRU, the at least one processor may be configured to, under condition that the link quality detection is performed based on measurements on the DL RS resource using the at least one WTRU-SBFD symbol only or additionally based on measurements on the DL RS resource using the at least one NN-SBFD symbol, and a result of the link quality detection is below a second threshold, report a decision to fallback SBFD operation of the WTRU in the network based on a currently used second set of SBFD symbols to follow the first set of SBFD symbols.

[0328] According to a further embodiment of the WTRU, the second set of SBFD configuration information may be comprised in the first SBFD configuration information received.

[0329] According to a further embodiment of the WTRU, the second set of SBFD configuration information may comprise at least one of the following: frequency / time location information related to a second uplink, UL, subband, SB; information related to a second DL SB; and information related to a second guard band.

[0330] FIG. 7 is a flow chart of a method 700 according to an embodiment. The method is implemented by a WTRU in a network. The method may comprise, for a mode of operation of the WTRU in the network: reporting (701), to the network, WTRU capability of subband, SB, non-overlapping full duplex, SBFD, operation of the WTRU in the network; receiving (702) configuration information from the network, indicating at least an uplink, UL, SB, a first downlink, DL, SB, and a second DL SB; receiving (703) a UL grant scheduling transmission of a UL signal on at least a set of symbols; and selecting (704), under condition that a first DL signal and a second DL signal are each scheduled to be received over each of the first and the second DL SBs on the at least a set of symbols, a DL SB from the first DL SB and the second DL SB based on a frequency resource of the UL signal and at least one selection criterion.

[0331] According to an embodiment of the method, the at least one selection criterion may comprise a first selection criterion, the first selection criterion may comprise: selecting a DL SB from the first and the second DL SBs where a boundary of the DL SB selected from the first andthe second DL SB has a largest resource block, RB, distance from the UL signal among the first and the second DL SBs.

[0332] According to an embodiment of the method, the at least one selection criterion may comprise a second selection criterion, the second selection criterion may comprise: selecting a primary or a secondary DL SB from the first and the second DL SBs, where the WTRU receives configuration information indicating which of the first and the second DL SBs is the primary DL SB and which of the first and the second DL SBs is the secondary DL SB.

[0333] According to an embodiment of the method, the at least one selection criterion may comprise a third selection criterion, the third selection criterion may comprise: selecting a DL SB from the first and the second DL SBs according to a prioritization rule based on DL signal type.

[0334] According to an embodiment of the method, at least one of the first DL signal and the second DL signal may be received within the selected DL SB.

[0335] According to an embodiment of the method, at least one other scheduled DL signal than the at least one of the first DL signal and the second DL signal may be received within the selected DL SB. The at least one other scheduled DL signal may be for example a physical downlink control channel, PDCCH and a channel state information reference signal, CSLRS.

[0336] According to an embodiment of the method, the second selection criterion may be applied when the first selection criterion fails to result in selection of a DL SB.

[0337] There is also disclosed and described a WTRU in a network. The WTRU comprising at least one processor. The at least one processor may be configured to: report, to the network, WTRU capability of subband, SB, non-overlapping full duplex, SBFD, operation of the WTRU in the network; receive configuration information from the network, indicating at least an uplink, UL, SB, a first downlink, DL, SB, and a second DL SB; receive a UL grant scheduling transmission of a UL signal on at least a set of symbols; and select, under condition that a first DL signal and a second DL signal are each scheduled to be received over each of the first and the second DL SBs on the at least a set of symbols, a DL SB from the first DL SB and the second DL SB based on a frequency resource of the UL signal and at least one selection criterion.

[0338] According to an embodiment of the WTRU, the at least one selection criterion may comprise a first selection criterion, the first selection criterion may comprise: selecting a DL SB from the first and the second DL SBs where a boundary of the DL SB selected from the first andthe second DL SB has a largest resource block, RB, distance from the UL signal among the first and the second DL SBs.

[0339] According to an embodiment of the WTRU, the at least one selection criterion may comprise a second selection criterion, the second selection criterion may comprise: selecting a primary or a secondary DL SB from the first and the second DL SBs, where the WTRU receives configuration information indicating which of the first and the second DL SBs is the primary DL SB and which of the first and the second DL SBs is the secondary DL SB.

[0340] According to an embodiment of the WTRU, the at least one selection criterion may comprise a third selection criterion, the third selection criterion may comprise: selecting a DL SB from the first and the second DL SBs according to a prioritization rule based on DL signal type.

[0341] According to an embodiment of the WTRU, the at least one processor may be configured to receive the at least one of the first DL signal and the second DL signal within the selected DL SB.

[0342] According to an embodiment of the WTRU, the at least one processor may be configured to receive at least one other scheduled DL signal than the at least one of the first DL signal and the second DL signal within the selected DL SB.

[0343] According to an embodiment of the WTRU, the at least one processor may be configured to apply the second selection criterion when the first selection criterion fails to result in selection of a DL SB.

[0344] FIG. 8 is a flow chart of a method 800 according to an embodiment. The method is implemented by a WTRU in a network. The method may comprise: receiving (801) first configuration information from the network, related to scheduling of an uplink, UL, channel / signal within a UL subband, SB; receiving (802) second configuration information from the network, related to scheduling of a downlink, DL, channel / signal within a DL SB; determining (803), from the first and the second configuration information received, that at least one symbol is overlapped between transmission of the UL channel / signal and reception of the DL channel / signal; and performing (804) a UL transmission adjustment for UL transmission in the at least one symbol that is determined to be overlapped, based on at least one criterion.

[0345] According to an embodiment of the method, the at least one criterion may comprise a first criterion, the first criterion may comprise: a frequency gap between a resource block, RB, allocation of the DL channel / signal and an RB allocation of the UL channel / signal is less than a minimum RB gap value.

[0346] According to an embodiment of the method, the at least one criterion may comprise a second criterion, the second criterion may comprise: a parameter / value representing a spatial domain separation between the DL channel / signal and the UL channel / signal is less than a spatial domain threshold.

[0347] According to an embodiment of the method, the at least one criterion may comprise a third criterion, the third criterion may comprise: presence of an indicator indicating a priority level on the UL channel / signal.

[0348] According to an embodiment of the method, the minimum RB gap value may be: indicated to the WTRU; or configured as a WTRU configuration.

[0349] According to an embodiment of the method, the minimum RB gap value may be based on at least one parameter related to a minimum required frequency gap as indicated by the WTRU.

[0350] According to an embodiment of the method, the minimum required frequency gap may be indicated by the WTRU as part of WTRU capability information.

[0351] According to an embodiment of the method, the parameter / value may be based on a spatial domain index-wise difference between a first beam direction index for the DL channel / signal and a second beam direction index for the UL channel / signal.

[0352] There is also disclosed and described a WTRU in a network. The WTRU comprising at least one processor. The at least one processor may be configured to: receive first configuration information from the network, related to scheduling of an uplink, UL, channel / signal within a UL subband, SB; receive second configuration information from the network, related to scheduling of a downlink, DL, channel / signal within a DL SB; determine, from the first and the second configuration information received, that at least one symbol is overlapped between transmission of the UL channel / signal and reception of the DL channel / signal; and perform a UL transmission adjustment for UL transmission in the at least one symbol that is determined to be overlapped, based on at least one criterion.

[0353] According to an embodiment of the WTRU, the at least one criterion may comprise a first criterion, the first criterion may comprise: a frequency gap between a resource block, RB, allocation of the DL channel / signal and an RB allocation of the UL channel / signal is less than a minimum RB gap value.

[0354] According to an embodiment of the WTRU, the at least one criterion may comprise a second criterion, the second criterion may comprise: a parameter / value representing a spatialdomain separation between the DL channel / signal and the UL channel / signal is less than a spatial domain threshold.

[0355] According to an embodiment of the WTRU, the at least one criterion may comprise a third criterion, the third criterion may comprise: presence of an indicator indicating a priority level on the UL channel / signal.

[0356] According to an embodiment of the WTRU, the minimum RB gap value may be: indicated to the WTRU; or configured as a WTRU configuration.

[0357] According to an embodiment of the WTRU, the minimum RB gap value may be based on at least one parameter related to a minimum required frequency gap as indicated by the WTRU.

[0358] According to an embodiment of the WTRU, the minimum required frequency gap may be indicated by the WTRU as part of WTRU capability information.

[0359] According to an embodiment of the WTRU, the parameter / value may be based on a spatial domain index-wise difference between a first beam direction index for the DL channel / signal and a second beam direction index for the UL channel / signal.

[0360] FIG. 9 is a flow chart of a method 900 according to an embodiment. The method is implemented by a WTRU in a network. The method may comprise, for a mode of operation of the WTRU in the network:In 901, receiving a first sub-band non-overlapping full duplex (SBFD) configuration indicating a first set of symbols, a first downlink sub-band (DL SB) and a first uplink sub-band (UL SB), wherein the first DL SB and the first UL SB are associated with the first set of symbols;In 902, receiving a second SBFD configuration indicating a second set of symbols, a second DL SB and a second UL SB, where the second DL SB and the second UL SB are associated with the second set of symbols;In 903, receiving configuration information for resources associated with receiving a DL reference signal (DL RS);In 904, determining, for the resources, a first subset of symbols and a second subset of symbols where the first subset of symbols includes one or more symbols from the first set of symbols and excludes any symbols from the second set of symbols and the second subset of symbols includes one or more symbols from the second set of symbols;In 905, determining a first link quality based on measuring the DL RS in the first subset of symbols and a second link quality based on measuring the DL RS in the second subset of symbols;In 906, reporting the first link quality and the second link quality; andIn 907, under condition that the second link quality is below a threshold, transmitting a request to change the second SBFD configuration.

[0361] According to an embodiment of the method, the first SBFD configuration is network node or cell specific SBFD configuration, and wherein the second SBFD configuration is WTRU specific SBFD configuration.

[0362] According to an embodiment of the method, the second set of symbols is a subset of the first set of symbols.

[0363] According to an embodiment of the method, the second DL SB is within the first DL SB and the second UL SB is within the first UL SB.

[0364] According to an embodiment of the method, the first link quality is based on receiving the DL RS in the first DL SB and the second link quality is based on receiving the DL RS in the second DL SB.

[0365] According to an embodiment of the method, the WTRU transmitting an UL transmission in the second UL SB while receiving the DL RS in the second DL SB.

[0366] According to an embodiment of the method, the second SBFD configuration comprises at least one of the following: frequency / time location information related to a second UL SB; information related to a second DL SB; information related to a second guard band.

[0367] There is also disclosed and described a WTRU in a network. The WTRU comprising at least one processor. The at least one processor may be configured to: receive a first sub-band non-overlapping full duplex (SBFD) configuration indicating a first set of symbols, a first downlink sub-band (DL SB) and a first uplink sub-band (UL SB), wherein the first DL SB and the first UL SB are associated with the first set of symbols; receive a second SBFD configuration indicating a second set of symbols, a second DL SB and a second UL SB, where the second DL SB and the second UL SB are associated with the second set of symbols; receive configuration information for resources associated with receipt of a DL reference signal (DL RS); determine, for the resources, a first subset of symbols and a second subset of symbols where the first subset of symbols includes one or more symbols from the first set of symbols and excludes any symbols from the second set of symbols and the second subset of symbols includes one or more symbols from the second set of symbols;determine a first link quality based on measuring the DL RS in the first subset of symbols and a second link quality based on measuring the DL RS in the second subset of symbols; report the first link quality and the second link quality; and under condition that the second link quality is below a threshold, transmit a request to change the second SBFD configuration.

[0368] According to an embodiment of the WTRU, the first SBFD configuration is network node or cell specific SBFD configuration, and wherein the second SBFD configuration is WTRU specific SBFD configuration.

[0369] According to an embodiment of the WTRU, the second set of symbols is a subset of the first set of symbols.

[0370] According to an embodiment of the WTRU, the second DL SB is within the first DL SB and the second UL SB is within the first UL SB.

[0371] According to an embodiment of the WTRU, the first link quality is based on receiving the DL RS in the first DL SB and the second link quality is based on receiving the DL RS in the second DL SB.

[0372] According to an embodiment of the WTRU, the at least one processor is configured to transmit an UL transmission in the second UL SB while receiving the DL RS in the second DL SB.

[0373] According to an embodiment of the WTRU, the second SBFD configuration comprises at least one of the following: frequency / time location information related to a second UL SB; information related to a second DL SB; and information related to a second guard band.

[0374] Although features and elements are provided above in particular combinations, one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that each feature or element can be used alone or in any combination with the other features and elements. The present disclosure is not to be limited in terms of the particular embodiments described in this application, which are intended as illustrations of various aspects. Many modifications and variations may be made without departing from its spirit and scope, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art. No element, act, or instruction used in the description of the present application should be construed as critical or essential to the invention unless explicitly provided as such. Functionally equivalent methods and apparatuses within the scope of the disclosure, in addition to those enumerated herein, will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the foregoing descriptions. Such modifications and variations are intended to fall within the scope of the appended claims. The present disclosure isto be limited only by the terms of the appended claims, along with the full scope of equivalents to which such claims are entitled. It is to be understood that this disclosure is not limited to particular methods or systems.

[0375] The foregoing embodiments are discussed, for simplicity, with regard to the terminology and structure of wireless communication capable devices, (e.g., radio wave emitters and receivers). However, the embodiments discussed are not limited to these systems but may be applied to other systems that use other forms of electromagnetic waves or non-electromagnetic waves such as acoustic waves.

[0376] It is also to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only, and is not intended to be limiting. As used herein, the term "video" or the term "imagery" may mean any of a snapshot, single image and / or multiple images displayed over a time basis. As another example, when referred to herein, the terms "user equipment" and its abbreviation "WTRU", the term "remote" and / or the terms "head mounted display" or its abbreviation "HMD" may mean or include (i) a wireless transmit and / or receive unit (WTRU); (ii) any of a number of embodiments of a WTRU; (iii) a wireless-capable and / or wired-capable (e.g., tetherable) device configured with, inter alia, some or all structures and functionality of a WTRU; (iii) a wireless-capable and / or wired-capable device configured with less than all structures and functionality of a WTRU; or (iv) the like. Details of an example WTRU, which may be representative of any WTRU recited herein, are provided herein with respect to FIGs. 1 A-1D. As another example, various disclosed embodiments herein supra and infra are described as utilizing a head mounted display. Those skilled in the art will recognize that a device other than the head mounted display may be utilized and some or all of the disclosure and various disclosed embodiments can be modified accordingly without undue experimentation. Examples of such other device may include a drone or other device configured to stream information for providing the adapted reality experience.

[0377] In addition, the methods provided herein may be implemented in a computer program, software, or firmware incorporated in a computer-readable medium for execution by a computer or processor. Examples of computer-readable media include electronic signals (transmitted over wired or wireless connections) and computer-readable storage media. Examples of computer- readable storage media include, but are not limited to, a read only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a register, cache memory, semiconductor memory devices, magnetic media such as internal hard disks and removable disks, magneto-optical media, and optical media such as CD-ROM disks, and digital versatile disks (DVDs). A processor in association withsoftware may be used to implement a radio frequency transceiver for use in a WTRU, WTRU, terminal, base station, RNC, or any host computer.

[0378] Variations of the method, apparatus and system provided above are possible without departing from the scope of the invention. In view of the wide variety of embodiments that can be applied, it should be understood that the illustrated embodiments are examples only, and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the following claims. For instance, the embodiments provided herein include handheld devices, which may include or be utilized with any appropriate voltage source, such as a battery and the like, providing any appropriate voltage.

[0379] Moreover, in the embodiments provided above, processing platforms, computing systems, controllers, and other devices that include processors are noted. These devices may include at least one Central Processing Unit ("CPU") and memory. In accordance with the practices of persons skilled in the art of computer programming, reference to acts and symbolic representations of operations or instructions may be performed by the various CPUs and memories. Such acts and operations or instructions may be referred to as being "executed," "computer executed" or "CPU executed."

[0380] One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the acts and symbolically represented operations or instructions include the manipulation of electrical signals by the CPU. An electrical system represents data bits that can cause a resulting transformation or reduction of the electrical signals and the maintenance of data bits at memory locations in a memory system to thereby reconfigure or otherwise alter the CPU's operation, as well as other processing of signals. The memory locations where data bits are maintained are physical locations that have particular electrical, magnetic, optical, or organic properties corresponding to or representative of the data bits. It should be understood that the embodiments are not limited to the above-mentioned platforms or CPUs and that other platforms and CPUs may support the provided methods.

[0381] The data bits may also be maintained on a computer readable medium including magnetic disks, optical disks, and any other volatile (e.g., Random Access Memory (RAM)) or non-volatile (e.g., Read-Only Memory (ROM)) mass storage system readable by the CPU. The computer readable medium may include cooperating or interconnected computer readable medium, which exist exclusively on the processing system or are distributed among multiple interconnected processing systems that may be local or remote to the processing system. It should be understood that the embodiments are not limited to the above-mentioned memories and that other platforms and memories may support the provided methods.

[0382] In an illustrative embodiment, any of the operations, processes, etc. described herein may be implemented as computer-readable instructions stored on a computer-readable medium. Thecomputer-readable instructions may be executed by a processor of a mobile unit, a network element, and / or any other computing device.

[0383] There is little distinction left between hardware and software implementations of aspects of systems. The use of hardware or software is generally (but not always, in that in certain contexts the choice between hardware and software may become significant) a design choice representing cost versus efficiency tradeoffs. There may be various vehicles by which processes and / or systems and / or other technologies described herein may be effected (e.g., hardware, software, and / or firmware), and the preferred vehicle may vary with the context in which the processes and / or systems and / or other technologies are deployed. For example, if an implementer determines that speed and accuracy are paramount, the implementer may opt for a mainly hardware and / or firmware vehicle. If flexibility is paramount, the implementer may opt for a mainly software implementation. Alternatively, the implementer may opt for some combination of hardware, software, and / or firmware.

[0384] The foregoing detailed description has set forth various embodiments of the devices and / or processes via the use of block diagrams, flowcharts, and / or examples. Insofar as such block diagrams, flowcharts, and / or examples include one or more functions and / or operations, it will be understood by those within the art that each function and / or operation within such block diagrams, flowcharts, or examples may be implemented, individually and / or collectively, by a wide range of hardware, software, firmware, or virtually any combination thereof. In an embodiment, several portions of the subject matter described herein may be implemented via Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), digital signal processors (DSPs), and / or other integrated formats. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that some aspects of the embodiments disclosed herein, in whole or in part, may be equivalently implemented in integrated circuits, as one or more computer programs running on one or more computers (e.g., as one or more programs running on one or more computer systems), as one or more programs running on one or more processors (e.g., as one or more programs running on one or more microprocessors), as firmware, or as virtually any combination thereof, and that designing the circuitry and / or writing the code for the software and or firmware would be well within the skill of one of skill in the art in light of this disclosure. In addition, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the mechanisms of the subject matter described herein may be distributed as a program product in a variety of forms, and that an illustrative embodiment of the subject matter described herein applies regardless of the particular type of signal bearing medium used to actually carry out the distribution. Examples of a signal bearing medium include, but are not limited to, the following: a recordable type medium such as a floppy disk, a hard disk drive, a CD, a DVD, a digital tape, acomputer memory, etc., and a transmission type medium such as a digital and / or an analog communication medium (e.g., a fiber optic cable, a waveguide, a wired communications link, a wireless communication link, etc.).

[0385] Those skilled in the art will recognize that it is common within the art to describe devices and / or processes in the fashion set forth herein, and thereafter use engineering practices to integrate such described devices and / or processes into data processing systems. That is, at least a portion of the devices and / or processes described herein may be integrated into a data processing system via a reasonable amount of experimentation. Those having skill in the art will recognize that a typical data processing system may generally include one or more of a system unit housing, a video display device, a memory such as volatile and non-volatile memory, processors such as microprocessors and digital signal processors, computational entities such as operating systems, drivers, graphical user interfaces, and applications programs, one or more interaction devices, such as a touch pad or screen, and / or control systems including feedback loops and control motors (e.g., feedback for sensing position and / or velocity, control motors for moving and / or adjusting components and / or quantities). A typical data processing system may be implemented utilizing any suitable commercially available components, such as those typically found in data computing / communication and / or network computing / communication systems.

[0386] The herein described subject matter sometimes illustrates different components included within, or connected with, different other components. It is to be understood that such depicted architectures are merely examples, and that in fact many other architectures may be implemented which achieve the same functionality. In a conceptual sense, any arrangement of components to achieve the same functionality is effectively "associated" such that the desired functionality may be achieved. Hence, any two components herein combined to achieve a particular functionality may be seen as "associated with" each other such that the desired functionality is achieved, irrespective of architectures or intermedial components. Likewise, any two components so associated may also be viewed as being "operably connected", or "operably coupled", to each other to achieve the desired functionality, and any two components capable of being so associated may also be viewed as being "operably couplable" to each other to achieve the desired functionality. Specific examples of operably couplable include but are not limited to physically mateable and / or physically interacting components and / or wirelessly interactable and / or wirelessly interacting components and / or logically interacting and / or logically interactable components.

[0387] With respect to the use of substantially any plural and / or singular terms herein, those having skill in the art can translate from the plural to the singular and / or from the singular to theplural as is appropriate to the context and / or application. The various singular / plural permutations may be expressly set forth herein for sake of clarity.

[0388] It will be understood by those within the art that, in general, terms used herein, and especially in the appended claims (e.g., bodies of the appended claims) are generally intended as "open" terms (e.g., the term "including" should be interpreted as "including but not limited to," the term "having" should be interpreted as "having at least," the term "includes" should be interpreted as "includes but is not limited to," etc.). It will be further understood by those within the art that if a specific number of an introduced claim recitation is intended, such an intent will be explicitly recited in the claim, and in the absence of such recitation no such intent is present. For example, where only one item is intended, the term "single" or similar language may be used. As an aid to understanding, the following appended claims and / or the descriptions herein may include usage of the introductory phrases "at least one" and "one or more" to introduce claim recitations. However, the use of such phrases should not be construed to imply that the introduction of a claim recitation by the indefinite articles "a" or "an" limits any particular claim including such introduced claim recitation to embodiments including only one such recitation, even when the same claim includes the introductory phrases "one or more" or "at least one" and indefinite articles such as "a" or "an" (e.g., "a" and / or "an" should be interpreted to mean "at least one" or "one or more"). The same holds true for the use of definite articles used to introduce claim recitations. In addition, even if a specific number of an introduced claim recitation is explicitly recited, those skilled in the art will recognize that such recitation should be interpreted to mean at least the recited number (e.g., the bare recitation of "two recitations," without other modifiers, means at least two recitations, or two or more recitations). Furthermore, in those instances where a convention analogous to "at least one of A, B, and C, etc." is used, in general such a construction is intended in the sense one having skill in the art would understand the convention (e.g., "a system having at least one of A, B, and C" would include but not be limited to systems that have A alone, B alone, C alone, A and B together, A and C together, B and C together, and / or A, B, and C together, etc.). In those instances where a convention analogous to "at least one of A, B, or C, etc." is used, in general such a construction is intended in the sense one having skill in the art would understand the convention (e.g., "a system having at least one of A, B, or C" would include but not be limited to systems that have A alone, B alone, C alone, A and B together, A and C together, B and C together, and / or A, B, and C together, etc.). It will be further understood by those within the art that virtually any disjunctive word and / or phrase presenting two or more alternative terms, whether in the description, claims, or drawings, should be understood to contemplate the possibilities of including one of the terms, either of the terms, or both terms. For example, the phrase "A or B" will beunderstood to include the possibilities of "A" or "B" or "A and B." Further, the terms "any of' followed by a listing of a plurality of items and / or a plurality of categories of items, as used herein, are intended to include "any of," "any combination of," "any multiple of," and / or "any combination of multiples of the items and / or the categories of items, individually or in conjunction with other items and / or other categories of items. Moreover, as used herein, the term "set" is intended to include any number of items, including zero. Additionally, as used herein, the term "number" is intended to include any number, including zero. And the term "multiple", as used herein, is intended to be synonymous with "a plurality".

[0389] In addition, where features or aspects of the disclosure are described in terms of Markush groups, those skilled in the art will recognize that the disclosure is also thereby described in terms of any individual member or subgroup of members of the Markush group.

[0390] As will be understood by one skilled in the art, for any and all purposes, such as in terms of providing a written description, all ranges disclosed herein also encompass any and all possible subranges and combinations of subranges thereof. Any listed range can be easily recognized as sufficiently describing and enabling the same range being broken down into at least equal halves, thirds, quarters, fifths, tenths, etc. As a non-limiting example, each range discussed herein may be readily broken down into a lower third, middle third and upper third, etc. As will also be understood by one skilled in the art all language such as "up to," "at least," "greater than," "less than," and the like includes the number recited and refers to ranges which can be subsequently broken down into subranges as discussed above. Finally, as will be understood by one skilled in the art, a range includes each individual member. Thus, for example, a group having 1-3 cells refers to groups having 1, 2, or 3 cells. Similarly, a group having 1-5 cells refers to groups having 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 cells, and so forth.

[0391] Moreover, the claims should not be read as limited to the provided order or elements unless stated to that effect. In addition, use of the terms "means for" in any claim is intended to invoke 35 U.S.C. §112, 6 or means-plus-function claim format, and any claim without the terms "means for" is not so intended.

Claims

CLAIMSWhat is claimed is:

1. A method, implemented by a wireless transmit-receive unit, WTRU, in a network, wherein the method comprises, for a mode of operation of the WTRU in the network: receiving a first sub-band non-overlapping full duplex (SBFD) configuration indicating a first set of symbols, a first downlink sub-band (DL SB) and a first uplink sub-band (UL SB), wherein the first DL SB and the first UL SB are associated with the first set of symbols; receiving a second SBFD configuration indicating a second set of symbols, a second DL SB and a second UL SB, where the second DL SB and the second UL SB are associated with the second set of symbols; receiving configuration information for resources associated with receiving a DL reference signal (DL RS); determining, for the resources, a first subset of symbols and a second subset of symbols where the first subset of symbols includes one or more symbols from the first set of symbols and excludes any symbols from the second set of symbols and the second subset of symbols includes one or more symbols from the second set of symbols; determining a first link quality based on measuring the DL RS in the first subset of symbols and a second link quality based on measuring the DL RS in the second subset of symbols; reporting the first link quality and the second link quality; and under condition that the second link quality is below a threshold, transmitting a request to change the second SBFD configuration.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first SBFD configuration is network node or cell specific SBFD configuration, and wherein the second SBFD configuration is WTRU specific SBFD configuration.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the second set of symbols is a subset of the first set of symbols.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the second DL SB is within the first DL SB and the second UL SB is within the first UL SB.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the first link quality is based on receiving the DL RS in the first DL SB and the second link quality is based on receiving the DL RS in the second DL SB.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the WTRU transmitting an UL transmission in the second UL SB while receiving the DL RS in the second DL SB.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the second SBFD configuration comprises at least one of the following: frequency / time location information related to a second UL SB; information related to a second DL SB; and information related to a second guard band.

8. A wireless transmit-receive unit, WTRU, comprising at least one processor, the at least one processor being configured to: receive a first sub-band non-overlapping full duplex (SBFD) configuration indicating a first set of symbols, a first downlink sub-band (DL SB) and a first uplink sub-band (UL SB), wherein the first DL SB and the first UL SB are associated with the first set of symbols; receive a second SBFD configuration indicating a second set of symbols, a second DL SB and a second UL SB, where the second DL SB and the second UL SB are associated with the second set of symbols; receive configuration information for resources associated with receipt of a DL reference signal (DL RS); determine, for the resources, a first subset of symbols and a second subset of symbols where the first subset of symbols includes one or more symbols from the first set of symbols and excludes any symbols from the second set of symbols and the second subset of symbols includes one or more symbols from the second set of symbols; determine a first link quality based on measuring the DL RS in the first subset of symbols and a second link quality based on measuring the DL RS in the second subset of symbols; report the first link quality and the second link quality; and under condition that the second link quality is below a threshold, transmit a request to change the second SBFD configuration.

9. The WTRU of claim 8, wherein the first SBFD configuration is network node or cell specific SBFD configuration, and wherein the second SBFD configuration is WTRU specific SBFD configuration.

10. The WTRU of claim 8, wherein the second set of symbols is a subset of the first set of symbols.

11. The WTRU of claim 8, wherein the second DL SB is within the first DL SB and the second UL SB is within the first UL SB.

12. The WTRU of claim 8, wherein the first link quality is based on receiving the DL RS in the first DL SB and the second link quality is based on receiving the DL RS in the second DL SB.

13. The WTRU of claim 8, wherein the at least one processor is configured to transmit an UL transmission in the second UL SB while receiving the DL RS in the second DL SB.

14. The WTRU of claim 8, wherein the second SBFD configuration comprises at least one of the following: frequency / time location information related to a second UL SB; information related to a second DL SB; and information related to a second guard band.

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