Data transmission for enhanced long range ppdu of next-generation wi-fi in wireless communications
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- EP · EP
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- MEDIATEK INC
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-07
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-17
AI Technical Summary
There is a coverage gap between downlink and uplink transmissions in current Wi-Fi systems due to factors like transmit power restrictions and antenna configurations, leading to a need for enhanced data transmission solutions for next-generation IEEE 802.11bn Ultra High Reliable (UHR) systems.
Proposed schemes for enhanced long range (ELR) physical-layer protocol data unit (PPDU) transmissions support 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, and 6 GHz frequency bands with a minimum data rate of 1 Mbps, utilizing power boosts, resource unit duplication, and various modulation and coding schemes to enhance data rates up to 5 Mbps.
The proposed solutions achieve improved data rates and spectral efficiency, better channel estimation, and frequency diversity, addressing the coverage gap and enhancing overall wireless communication performance.
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Figure CN2025081190_12092025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
DATA TRANSMISSION FOR ENHANCED LONG RANGE PPDU OF NEXT-GENERATION WI-FI IN WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONSCROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED PATENT APPLICATION
[0001] The present disclosure is part of a non-provisional patent application claiming the priority benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Nos. 63 / 562, 716 and 63 / 570, 311 filed 08 March 2024 and 27 March 2024, respectively, the contents of which herein being incorporated by reference in their entirety.TECHNICAL FIELD
[0002] The present disclosure is generally related to wireless communications and, more particularly, to data transmission for enhanced long range (ELR) physical-layer protocol data unit (PPDU) of next-generation Wi-Fi in wireless communications.BACKGROUND
[0003] Unless otherwise indicated herein, approaches described in this section are not prior art to the claims listed below and are not admitted as prior art by inclusion in this section.
[0004] In wireless communications, such as Wi-Fi (or WiFi) in wireless local area network (WLAN) systems in accordance with the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 standards, there is a coverage gap of about 6~10dB between downlink (DL) and uplink (UL) transmissions in current Wi-Fi systems due to several factors. Such factors include: (1) different transmit power restriction for an access point (AP) and a non-AP station (STA) ; (2) configurations of different numbers of antennas at the AP and the non-AP STA; and (3) power amplification (PA) performance difference at the AP and the non-AP STA. In addition, legacy IEEE 802.11b, which can be used for Beacon transmission in 2.4GHz frequency band, tends to have another 3~4dB of better performance than IEEE 11g. To close the range gap between DL and UL transmissions, it has been proposed to enhance the coverage for next-generation IEEE 802.11bn Ultra High Reliable (UHR) systems. However, details on how to achieve this goal (e.g., data transmission for ELR PPDUs of next-generation Wi-Fi) has yet to be defined at the time of the present disclosure. Thus, there is a need for a solution of data transmission for ELR PPDU of next-generation Wi-Fi in wireless communications.SUMMARY
[0005] The following summary is illustrative only and is not intended to be limiting in any way. That is, the following summary is provided to introduce concepts, highlights, benefits and advantages of the novel and non-obvious techniques described herein. Select implementations are further described below in the detailed description. Thus, the following summary is not intended to identify essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended for use in determining the scope of the claimed subject matter.
[0006] An objective of the present disclosure is to provide schemes, concepts, designs, techniques, methods and apparatuses pertaining to data transmission for ELR PPDU of next-generation Wi-Fi in wireless communications. It is believed that implementations of various schemes proposed herein may address or otherwise alleviate the aforementioned issues. For instance, data transmissions for ELR PPDUs under various proposed schemes in accordance with the present disclosure may support 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz and 6 GHz frequency bands with a minimum data rate of about 1 Mbps as that achieved under IEEE 802.11b. Moreover, several data rates ranging from 1 Mbps to 5 Mbps may also be supported.
[0007] In one aspect, a method may involve generating a PPDU. The method may also involve performing a transmission of the PPDU in a wireless communication. The PPDU may include a data rate indication related to the transmission of the PPDU.
[0008] In another aspect, an apparatus may include a transceiver configured to communicate wirelessly and a processor coupled to the transceiver. The processor may generate a PPDU. The processor may also perform a transmission of the PPDU in a wireless communication. The PPDU may include a data rate indication related to the transmission of the PPDU.
[0009] It is noteworthy that, although description provided herein may be in the context of certain radio access technologies, networks and network topologies such as, Wi-Fi, the proposed concepts, schemes and any variation (s) / derivative (s) thereof may be implemented in, for and by other types of radio access technologies, networks and network topologies such as, for example and without limitation, Bluetooth, ZigBee, 5th Generation (5G) / New Radio (NR) , Long-Term Evolution (LTE) , LTE-Advanced, LTE-Advanced Pro, Internet-of-Things (IoT) , Industrial IoT (IIoT) and narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) . Thus, the scope of the present disclosure is not limited to the examples described herein.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0010] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of the present disclosure. The drawings illustrate implementations of the disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure. It is appreciable that the drawings are not necessarily in scale as some components may be shown to be out of proportion than the size in actual implementation to clearly illustrate the concept of the present disclosure.
[0011] FIG. 1 is a diagram of an example network environment in which various solutions and schemes in accordance with the present disclosure may be implemented.
[0012] FIG. 2 is a diagram of an example design under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0013] FIG. 3 is a diagram of an example design under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0014] FIG. 4 is a diagram of an example design under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0015] FIG. 5 is a diagram of an example design under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0016] FIG. 6 is a diagram of an example design under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0017] FIG. 7 is a diagram of an example design under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0018] FIG. 8 is a diagram of an example design under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0019] FIG. 9 is a diagram of an example design under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0020] FIG. 10 is a diagram of an example design under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0021] FIG. 11 is a diagram of an example design under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0022] FIG. 12 is a diagram of an example design under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0023] FIG. 13 is a diagram of an example design under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0024] FIG. 14 is a diagram of an example design under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0025] FIG. 15 is a block diagram of an example communication system under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0026] FIG. 16 is a flowchart of an example process under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
[0027] Detailed embodiments and implementations of the claimed subject matters are disclosed herein. However, it shall be understood that the disclosed embodiments and implementations are merely illustrative of the claimed subject matters which may be embodied in various forms. The present disclosure may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the exemplary embodiments and implementations set forth herein. Rather, these exemplary embodiments and implementations are provided so that description of the present disclosure is thorough and complete and will fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art. In the description below, details of well-known features and techniques may be omitted to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the presented embodiments and implementations. Overview
[0028] Implementations in accordance with the present disclosure relate to various techniques, methods, schemes and / or solutions pertaining to data transmission for ELR PPDU of next-generation Wi-Fi in wireless communications. According to the present disclosure, a number of possible solutions may be implemented separately or jointly. That is, although these possible solutions may be described below separately, two or more of these possible solutions may be implemented in one combination or another.
[0029] FIG. 1 illustrates an example network environment 100 in which various solutions and schemes in accordance with the present disclosure may be implemented. FIG. 2 ~ FIG. 16 illustrate examples of implementation of various proposed schemes in network environment 100 in accordance with the present disclosure. The following description of various proposed schemes is provided with reference to FIG. 1 ~ FIG. 16.
[0030] Referring to FIG. 1, network environment 100 may involve at least a station STA 110 communicating wirelessly with a STA 120. Either of STA 110 and STA 120 may function as an AP STA or, alternatively, a non-AP STA. In some cases, STA 110 and STA 120 may be associated with a basic service set (BSS) in accordance with one or more IEEE 802.11 standards (e.g., IEEE 802.11bn and future-developed standards) . Each of STA 110 and STA 120 may be configured to communicate with each other by utilizing the data transmission for ELR PPDU of next-generation Wi-Fi in accordance with various proposed schemes described below. It is noteworthy that, while the various proposed schemes may be individually or separately described below, in actual implementations some or all of the proposed schemes may be utilized or otherwise implemented jointly. Of course, each of the proposed schemes may be utilized or otherwise implemented individually or separately.
[0031] Under various proposed schemes in accordance with the present disclosure, some general considerations may be taken into account when designing data transmissions for ELR PPDUs of next-generation Wi-Fi. For instance, as IEEE 802.11b supports a lowest data rate of 1 Mbps and IEEE 802.11a / g non-High-Throughput (non-HT) supports a lowest data rate of 6 Mbps, data transmissions for ELR PPDUs may support 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz and 6 GHz frequency bands with a minimum data rate of about 1 Mbps as that achieved under IEEE 802.11b. Moreover, several data rates ranging from 1 Mbps to 5 Mbps may also be supported.
[0032] FIG. 2 illustrates an example design 200 under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure. Design 200 may pertain to a general ELR PPDU format under the proposed scheme. Referring to FIG. 2, a power boost of greater than or equal to (>=) 3 decibels (dB) may be applied to one or more legacy fields and one or more ELR fields of an ELR PPDU such as, for example, a legacy short training field (L-STF) , a legacy long training field (L-LTF) , one or more ELR packet format detection or ELR marker field (ELR-PFD or ELR-Mark) , an ELR short training field (ELR-STF) , an ELR long training field (ELR-LTF) and an ELR signaling field (ELR-SIG) . The ELR PPDU may or may not include one or more universal signaling (U-SIG) fields. The ELR-PFD or ELR-Mark, which may be interchangeably referred to as an ELR marker field (ELR-Mark) in the present disclosure, may be used for ELR packet format detection and / or validation. The ELR-STF may use L-STF, High-Throughput short training field (HT-STF) , Very-High-Throughput short training field (VHT-STF) , High-Efficiency short training field (HE-STF) or Extremely-High-Throughput short training field (EHT-STF) . A duration of the ELR-STF may be 4 microseconds (4μs) or 8 microseconds (8μs) or a different period of time. Additionally, the ELR-STF may be repeated in the time domain. The ELR-LTF field may use High-Throughput long training field (HT-LTF) , Very-High-Throughput long training field (VHT-LTF) , 1x / 2x / 4x High-Efficiency long training field (HE-LTF) or 1x / 2x / 4x Extremely-High-Throughput long training field (EHT-LTF) . Moreover, the ELR-LTF may be repeated in the time domain, such as 2 times or 4 times or a different number of times. The ELR-SIG may use the same tone plan as the ELR data (ELR-DATA) portion of the ELR PPDU. The ELR-SIG may include one orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol or two OFDM symbols or a different number of OFDM symbols. Furthermore, the ELR-SIG may be encoded with binary convolutional code (BCC) or, alternatively, the ELR-SIG may be jointly encoded with ELR-DATA with BCC or low-density parity-check (LDPC) or both.
[0033] FIG. 3 illustrates an example design 300 under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure. Design 300 may pertain to a first option (Option-1) of ELR data transmission in the present disclosure. Under the proposed scheme, the following resource unit duplication (RU-DUP) or distributed-tone resource unit (DRU) may be considered: (1) 26-tone regular resource unit (RRU26 or RU26) with 9 times duplication (9x DUP) ; (2) 52-tone regular resource unit (RRU52 or RU52) with 4 times duplication (4x DUP) ; (3) 26-tone distributed-tone resource unit (DRU26) ; and (4) 52-tone distributed-tone resource unit (DRU52) . Options of modulation may include binary phase shift keying (BPSK) and quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) . The coding rate may have the following options: R = 1 / 3, 1 / 2, 2 / 3 and 3 / 4. Under the proposed scheme, the following data rates may be supported: (1) 1.11 Mbps achieved by RU26 and 9x DUP or achieved by DRU26 with BPSK + R = 2 / 3; (2) 1.67 Mbps achieved by RU26 and 9x DUP or achieved by DRU26 with QPSK + R = 1 / 2; (3) 2.22 Mbps achieved by RU52 and 4x DUP or achieved by DRU52 with BPSK + R = 2 / 3; and (4) 3.33 Mbps achieved by RU52 and 9x DUP or achieved by DRU52 with QPSK + R = 1 / 2. Additionally, or alternatively, other data rates as shown in the table in FIG. 3 may be supported with the combinations of RU-DUP or DRU and modulation with a corresponding code rate.
[0034] FIG. 4 illustrates an example design 400 under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure. Design 400 may pertain to a second option (Option-2) of ELR data transmission in the present disclosure. Under the proposed scheme, the following RU-DUP or DRU may be considered: (1) 26-tone regular resource unit (RRU26 or RU26) with 9 times duplication (9x DUP) ; (2) 52-tone regular resource unit (RRU52 or RU52) with 4 times duplication (4x DUP) ; (3) 26-tone distributed-tone resource unit (DRU26) ; and (4) 52-tone distributed-tone resource unit (DRU52) . Options of modulation may include BPSK and QPSK. The coding rate may have the following options: R = 1 / 3, 1 / 2, 2 / 3 and 3 / 4. Under the proposed scheme, the following data rates may be supported: (1) 1.11 Mbps achieved by RU26 and 9x DUP or achieved by DRU26 with BPSK + R = 2 / 3; (2) 1.67 Mbps achieved by RU52 and 4x DUP or achieved by DRU52 with BPSK + R = 1 / 2; (3) 3.33 Mbps achieved by RU52 and 4x DUP or achieved by DRU52 with QPSK + R = 1 / 2; and (4) 4.44 Mbps achieved by RU52 and 4x DUP or achieved by DRU52 with QPSK + R = 2 / 3. Additionally, or alternatively, other data rates as shown in the table in FIG. 4 may be supported with the combinations of RU-DUP or DRU and modulation with a corresponding code rate.
[0035] FIG. 5 illustrates an example design 500 under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure. Design 500 may pertain to a third option (Option-3) of ELR data transmission in the present disclosure. Under the proposed scheme, the following RU-DUP or DRU may be considered: (1) 26-tone regular resource unit (RRU26 or RU26) with 9 times duplication (9x DUP) ; (2) 52-tone regular resource unit (RRU52 or RU52) with 4 times duplication (4x DUP) ; (3) 26-tone distributed-tone resource unit (DRU26) ; and (4) 52-tone distributed-tone resource unit (DRU52) . Options of modulation may include BPSK and QPSK. The coding rate may have the following options: R = 1 / 3, 1 / 2, 2 / 3 and 3 / 4. Under the proposed scheme, the following data rates may be supported: (1) 1.67 Mbps achieved by RU52 and 4x DUP or achieved by DRU52 with BPSK + R = 1 / 2; (2) 3.33 Mbps achieved by RU52 and 4x DUP or achieved by DRU52 with QPSK + R = 1 / 2; and (3) 4.44 Mbps achieved by RU52 and 4x DUP or achieved by DRU52 with QPSK + R = 2 / 3. Additionally, or alternatively, other data rates as shown in the table in FIG. 5 may be supported with the combinations of RU-DUP or DRU and modulation with a corresponding code rate.
[0036] FIG. 6 illustrates an example design 600 under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure. Design 600 may pertain to a fourth option (Option-4) of ELR data transmission in the present disclosure. Under the proposed scheme, the following RU-DUP or DRU may be considered: (1) 26-tone regular resource unit (RRU26 or RU26) with 9 times duplication (9x DUP) ; (2) 52-tone regular resource unit (RRU52 or RU52) with 4 times duplication (4x DUP) ; (3) 26-tone distributed-tone resource unit (DRU26) ; and (4) 52-tone distributed-tone resource unit (DRU52) . Options of modulation may include BPSK and QPSK. The coding rate may have the following options: R = 1 / 3, 1 / 2, 2 / 3 and 3 / 4. Under the proposed scheme, the following data rates may be supported: (1) 1.11 Mbps achieved by RU52 and 4x DUP or achieved by DRU52 with BPSK + R = 1 / 3; (2) 1.67 Mbps achieved by RU52 and 4x DUP or achieved by DRU52 with BPSK + R = 1 / 2; (3) 2.22 Mbps achieved by RU52 and 4x DUP or achieved by DRU52 with QPSK + R = 1 / 3; and (4) 3.33 Mbps achieved by RU52 and 4x DUP or achieved by DRU52 with QPSK + R = 1 / 2. Additionally, or alternatively, other data rates as shown in the table in FIG. 6 may be supported with the combinations of RU-DUP or DRU and modulation with a corresponding code rate.
[0037] FIG. 7 illustrates an example design 700 under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure. Design 700 may pertain to a fifth option (Option-5) of ELR data transmission in the present disclosure. Under the proposed scheme, the following RU-DUP or DRU may be considered: (1) 26-tone regular resource unit (RRU26 or RU26) with 9 times duplication (9x DUP) ; (2) 52-tone regular resource unit (RRU52 or RU52) with 4 times duplication (4x DUP) ; (3) 26-tone distributed-tone resource unit (DRU26) ; and (4) 52-tone distributed-tone resource unit (DRU52) . Options of modulation may include BPSK and QPSK. The coding rate may have the following options: R = 1 / 3, 1 / 2, 2 / 3 and 3 / 4. Under the proposed scheme, the following data rates may be supported: (1) 1.11 Mbps achieved by RU52 and 4x DUP or achieved by DRU52 with BPSK + R = 1 / 3; (2) 1.67 Mbps achieved by RU52 and 4x DUP or achieved by DRU52 with BPSK + R = 1 / 2; (3) 3.33 Mbps achieved by RU52 and 4x DUP or achieved by DRU52 with QPSK + R = 1 / 2; and (4) 4.44 Mbps achieved by RU52 and 4x DUP or achieved by DRU52 with QPSK + R = 2 / 3. Additionally, or alternatively, other data rates as shown in the table in FIG. 7 may be supported with the combinations of RU-DUP or DRU and modulation with a corresponding code rate.
[0038] FIG. 8 illustrates an example design 800 under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure. Design 800 may pertain to a sixth option (Option-6) of ELR data transmission in the present disclosure. Under the proposed scheme, the following RU-DUP or DRU may be considered: (1) 26-tone regular resource unit (RRU26 or RU26) with 9 times duplication (9x DUP) ; (2) 52-tone regular resource unit (RRU52 or RU52) with 4 times duplication (4x DUP) ; (3) 26-tone distributed-tone resource unit (DRU26) ; and (4) 52-tone distributed-tone resource unit (DRU52) . Options of modulation may include BPSK and QPSK. The coding rate may have the following options: R = 1 / 3, 1 / 2, 2 / 3 and 3 / 4. Under the proposed scheme, the following data rates may be supported: (1) 1.11 Mbps achieved by RU52 and 4x DUP or achieved by DRU52 with BPSK + R = 1 / 3; (2) 2.22 Mbps achieved by RU52 and 4x DUP or achieved by DRU52 with QPSK + R = 1 / 3; (3) 3.33 Mbps achieved by RU52 and 4x DUP or achieved by DRU52 with QPSK + R = 1 / 2; and (4) 4.44 Mbps achieved by RU52 and 4x DUP or achieved by DRU52 with QPSK + R = 2 / 3. Additionally, or alternatively, other data rates as shown in the table in FIG. 8 may be supported with the combinations of RU-DUP or DRU and modulation with a corresponding code rate.
[0039] FIG. 9 illustrates an example design 900 under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure. Design 900 may pertain to a seventh option (Option-7) of ELR data transmission in the present disclosure. Under the proposed scheme, the following RU-DUP or DRU may be considered: (1) 26-tone regular resource unit (RRU26 or RU26) with 9 times duplication (9x DUP) ; (2) 52-tone regular resource unit (RRU52 or RU52) with 4 times duplication (4x DUP) ; (3) 26-tone distributed-tone resource unit (DRU26) ; and (4) 52-tone distributed-tone resource unit (DRU52) . Options of modulation may include BPSK and QPSK. The coding rate may have the following options: R = 1 / 3, 1 / 2, 2 / 3 and 3 / 4. Under the proposed scheme, the following data rates may be supported: (1) 1.11 Mbps achieved by RU52 and 4x DUP or achieved by DRU52 with BPSK + R = 1 / 3; (2) 2.22 Mbps achieved by RU52 and 4x DUP or achieved by DRU52 with BPSK + R = 2 / 3; (3) 3.33 Mbps achieved by RU52 and 4x DUP or achieved by DRU52 with QPSK + R = 1 / 2; and (4) 4.44 Mbps achieved by RU52 and 4x DUP or achieved by DRU52 with QPSK + R = 2 / 3. Additionally, or alternatively, other data rates as shown in the table in FIG. 9 may be supported with the combinations of RU-DUP or DRU and modulation with a corresponding code rate.
[0040] FIG. 10 illustrates an example design 1000 under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure. Design 1000 may pertain to an eighth option (Option-8) of ELR data transmission in the present disclosure. Under the proposed scheme, the following RU-DUP or DRU may be considered: (1) 26-tone regular resource unit (RRU26 or RU26) with 9 times duplication (9x DUP) ; (2) 52-tone regular resource unit (RRU52 or RU52) with 4 times duplication (4x DUP) ; (3) 26-tone distributed-tone resource unit (DRU26) ; and (4) 52-tone distributed-tone resource unit (DRU52) . Options of modulation may include BPSK and QPSK. The coding rate may have the following options: R = 1 / 3, 1 / 2, 2 / 3 and 3 / 4. Under the proposed scheme, the following data rates may be supported: (1) 1.11 Mbps achieved by RU26 and 9x DUP or achieved by DRU26 with BPSK + R = 2 / 3; (2) 2.22 Mbps achieved by RU26 and 9x DUP or achieved by DRU26 with QPSK + R = 2 / 3; (3) 3.33 Mbps achieved by RU52 and 4x DUP or achieved by DRU52 with QPSK + R = 1 / 2; and (4) 4.44 Mbps achieved by RU52 and 4x DUP or achieved by DRU52 with QPSK + R = 2 / 3. Additionally, or alternatively, other data rates as shown in the table in FIG. 10 may be supported with the combinations of RU-DUP or DRU and modulation with a corresponding code rate.
[0041] FIG. 11 illustrates an example design 1100 under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure. Design 1100 may pertain to a ninth option (Option-9) of ELR data transmission in the present disclosure. Under the proposed scheme, the following RU-DUP or DRU may be considered: (1) 26-tone regular resource unit (RRU26 or RU26) with 9 times duplication (9x DUP) ; (2) 52-tone regular resource unit (RRU52 or RU52) with 4 times duplication (4x DUP) ; (3) 26-tone distributed-tone resource unit (DRU26) ; and (4) 52-tone distributed-tone resource unit (DRU52) . Options of modulation may include BPSK and QPSK. The coding rate may have the following options: R = 1 / 3, 1 / 2, 2 / 3 and 3 / 4. Under the proposed scheme, the following data rates may be supported: (1) 1.11 Mbps achieved by RU26 and 9x DUP or achieved by DRU26 with BPSK + R = 2 / 3; (2) 1.67 Mbps achieved by RU52 and 4x DUP or achieved by DRU52 with BPSK + R = 1 / 2; (3) 2.22 Mbps achieved by RU26 and 9x DUP or achieved by DRU26 with QPSK + R = 2 / 3; and (4) 4.44 Mbps achieved by RU52 and 4x DUP or achieved by DRU52 with QPSK + R = 2 / 3. Additionally, or alternatively, other data rates as shown in the table in FIG. 11 may be supported with the combinations of RU-DUP or DRU and modulation with a corresponding code rate.
[0042] FIG. 12 illustrates an example design 1200 under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure. Design 1200 may pertain to signaling of ELR data rate and modulation and coding scheme (MCS) . Under the proposed scheme, one bit may be used for indication in ELR data transmission in case that two data rates are supported. Moreover, two bits may be used for indication in ELR data transmission in case that three or four data rates are supported. The one bit or two bits may be used to indicate the combinations of {tone plan, modulation, coding rate} for each supported data rate. The tone plan may be, for example without limitation, RU26, DRU26, RU52 or DRU52. The duplication may be, for example without limitation, RU26 with 9x DUP or RU52 with 4x DUP, and so on. Referring to the example table shown in FIG. 12 (from Option-5) , two bits may be used in the following ways: (1) “00” to indicate a data rate of 1.11 Mbps achieved by RU52 and 4x DUP (or DRU52) , with BPSK + R = 1 / 3; (2) “01” to indicate a data rate of 1.67 Mbps achieved by RU52 and 4x DUP (or DRU52) , with BPSK + R = 1 / 2; (3) “10” to indicate a data rate of 3.33 Mbps achieved by RU52 and 4x DUP (or DRU52) , with QPSK + R = 1 / 2; and (4) “11” to indicate a data rate of 4.44 Mbps achieved by RU52 and 4x DUP (or DRU52) , with QPSK + R = 2 / 3.
[0043] Under various proposed schemes in accordance with the present disclosure, some general considerations may be taken into account for ELR PPDU transmissions of next-generation Wi-Fi. For instance, data and payload of the ELR PPDU may be pre-corrected to allow smaller subcarrier spacing (Fscs) such as 78.125 kHz and / or 156.25 kHz. The ELR PPDU transmissions under the proposed schemes may result in more spectral efficiency by utilizing a tone plan in accordance with the IEEE 802.11be specification. With smaller Fscs, better channel estimation (CE) smoothing may be achieved. Also, under the proposed schemes, frequency domain (FD) duplication (FD DUP) may result in better frequency diversity. Additionally, more pilot tones may be utilized for better tracking. Moreover, peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) reduction and design simplicity may be obtained under the proposed schemes to achieve better performance (e.g., better sensitivity and data rate, and so on) . Furthermore, under the proposed schemes, guard interval (GI) sharing may be utilized for time domain (TD) symbol or tone repetition (TD REP) to achieve better airtime efficiency and data rate.
[0044] Under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure, for ELR data transmissions, both binary convolutional code (BCC) and low-density parity-check (LDPC) may be applied or, alternatively, either BCC or LDPC may be applied in encoding the ELR PPDU. Additionally, one spatial stream (1ss) may be supported while two GI options of 1.6μs and 3.2μs may be supported. Alternatively, one GI option of either 1.6μs or 3.2μs may be supported. Under the proposed scheme, 1x, 2x and 4x ELR-LTF modes may be supported. Alternatively, one of the 1x, 2x and 4x ELR-LTF may be supported (e.g., only 1x ELR-LTF mode or only 4x ELR-LTF mode) . To enhance ELR performance, two ELR-LTF symbols or four ELR-LTF symbols with or without power boost (e.g., 3 dB or more) may be supported. Additionally, single-user (SU) transmissions, but not multi-user (MU) transmissions, may be supported. Alternatively, both SU and orthogonal frequency-division multiple-access (OFDMA) multiple users (e.g., 2 or 4 or 8 or a different number of users) may be supported.
[0045] FIG. 13 illustrates an example design 1300 under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure. Design 1300 may pertain to data transmission based on resource unit duplication (RU DUP) . Under the proposed scheme, the RU DUP may be based on the IEEE 802.11ax / be / bn 20pMHz tone plan. For instance, a 26-tone RU (RU26) may be duplicated in the frequency domain by 9 times, as shown in FIG. 13. Moreover, different modulation and coding rates (MCSs) may be applied to achieve different data rates (assuming GI = 1.6μs) such as: (1) BPSK + R = 1 / 2 (or MCS0) for a data rate of 0.833 Mbps; (2) BPSK + R = 2 / 3 for a data rate of 1.11 Mbps; (3) QPSK + R = 1 / 2 (or MCS1) for a data rate of 1.7 Mbps; (4) QPSK + R = 2 / 3 for a data rate of 2.22 Mbps; or (5) other MCSs. Under the proposed scheme, BCC interleaving or LDPC tone mapping may be alternatively applied on each RU to achieve better diversity.
[0046] FIG. 14 illustrates an example design 1400 under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure. Design 1400 may pertain to data transmission based on resource unit duplication (RU DUP) . Under the proposed scheme, the RU DUP may be based on the IEEE 802.11ax / be / bn 20pMHz tone plan. For instance, a 52-tone regular RU (RRU52) may be duplicated in the frequency domain by 4 times, as shown in FIG. 14, or 4.5 times by using a middle RU26. Moreover, different MCSs may be applied to achieve different data rates (assuming GI =1.6μs) such as: (1) BPSK + R = 1 / 2 + dual-carrier modulation (DCM) (or MCS15) for a data rate of 0.8 Mbps; (2) BPSK + R = 1 / 2 (or MCS0) for a data rate of 1.7 Mbps; (3) BPSK + R = 2 / 3 for a data rate of 2.26 Mbps; (4) QPSK + R = 1 / 2 (or MCS1) for a data rate of 3.3 Mbps; or (5) other MCSs. Under the proposed scheme, BCC interleaving or LDPC tone mapping may be alternatively applied on each RU to achieve better diversity. Illustrative Implementations
[0047] FIG. 15 illustrates an example system 1500 having at least an example apparatus 1510 and an example apparatus 1520 in accordance with an implementation of the present disclosure. Each of apparatus 1510 and apparatus 1520 may perform various functions to implement schemes, techniques, processes and methods described herein pertaining to lifting matrix and parity check matrix designs for longer LDPC codes in wireless communications including the various schemes described above with respect to various proposed designs, concepts, schemes, systems and methods described above as well as processes described below. For instance, apparatus 1510 may be implemented in STA 110 and apparatus 1520 may be implemented in STA 120, or vice versa.
[0048] Each of apparatus 1510 and apparatus 1520 may be a part of an electronic apparatus, which may be a non-AP STA or an AP STA, such as a portable or mobile apparatus, a wearable apparatus, a wireless communication apparatus or a computing apparatus. When implemented in a STA, each of apparatus 1510 and apparatus 1520 may be implemented in a smartphone, a smart watch, a personal digital assistant, a digital camera, or a computing equipment such as a tablet computer, a laptop computer or a notebook computer. Each of apparatus 1510 and apparatus 1520 may also be a part of a machine type apparatus, which may be an IoT apparatus such as an immobile or a stationary apparatus, a home apparatus, a wire communication apparatus or a computing apparatus. For instance, each of apparatus 1510 and apparatus 1520 may be implemented in a smart thermostat, a smart fridge, a smart door lock, a wireless speaker or a home control center. When implemented in or as a network apparatus, apparatus 1510 and / or apparatus 1520 may be implemented in a network node, such as an AP in a WLAN.
[0049] In some implementations, each of apparatus 1510 and apparatus 1520 may be implemented in the form of one or more integrated-circuit (IC) chips such as, for example and without limitation, one or more single-core processors, one or more multi-core processors, one or more reduced-instruction set computing (RISC) processors, or one or more complex-instruction-set-computing (CISC) processors. In the various schemes described above, each of apparatus 1510 and apparatus 1520 may be implemented in or as a STA or an AP. Each of apparatus 1510 and apparatus 1520 may include at least some of those components shown in FIG. 15 such as a processor 1512 and a processor 1522, respectively. Each of apparatus 1510 and apparatus 1520 may further include one or more other components not pertinent to the proposed scheme of the present disclosure (e.g., internal power supply, display device and / or user interface device) , and thus, such component (s) of apparatus 1510 and apparatus 1520 are neither shown in FIG. 15 nor described below in the interest of simplicity and brevity.
[0050] In one aspect, each of processor 1512 and processor 1522 may be implemented in the form of one or more single-core processors, one or more multi-core processors, one or more RISC processors or one or more CISC processors. That is, even though a singular term “a processor” is used herein to refer to processor 1512 and processor 1522, each of processor 1512 and processor 1522 may include multiple processors in some implementations and a single processor in other implementations in accordance with the present disclosure. In another aspect, each of processor 1512 and processor 1522 may be implemented in the form of hardware (and, optionally, firmware) with electronic components including, for example and without limitation, one or more transistors, one or more diodes, one or more capacitors, one or more resistors, one or more inductors, one or more memristors and / or one or more varactors that are configured and arranged to achieve specific purposes in accordance with the present disclosure. In other words, in at least some implementations, each of processor 1512 and processor 1522 is a special-purpose machine specifically designed, arranged and configured to perform specific tasks including those pertaining to data transmission for ELR PPDU of next-generation Wi-Fi in wireless communications in accordance with various implementations of the present disclosure.
[0051] In some implementations, apparatus 1510 may also include a transceiver 1516 coupled to processor 1512. Transceiver 1516 may include a transmitter capable of wirelessly transmitting and a receiver capable of wirelessly receiving data. In some implementations, apparatus 1520 may also include a transceiver 1526 coupled to processor 1522. Transceiver 1526 may include a transmitter capable of wirelessly transmitting and a receiver capable of wirelessly receiving data. It is noteworthy that, although transceiver 1516 and transceiver 1526 are illustrated as being external to and separate from processor 1512 and processor 1522, respectively, in some implementations, transceiver 1516 may be an integral part of processor 1512 as a system on chip (SoC) , and transceiver 1526 may be an integral part of processor 1522 as a SoC.
[0052] In some implementations, apparatus 1510 may further include a memory 1514 coupled to processor 1512 and capable of being accessed by processor 1512 and storing data therein. In some implementations, apparatus 1520 may further include a memory 1524 coupled to processor 1522 and capable of being accessed by processor 1522 and storing data therein. Each of memory 1514 and memory 1524 may include a type of random-access memory (RAM) such as dynamic RAM (DRAM) , static RAM (SRAM) , thyristor RAM (T-RAM) and / or zero-capacitor RAM (Z-RAM) . Alternatively, or additionally, each of memory 1514 and memory 1524 may include a type of read-only memory (ROM) such as mask ROM, programmable ROM (PROM) , erasable programmable ROM (EPROM) and / or electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM) . Alternatively, or additionally, each of memory 1514 and memory 1524 may include a type of non-volatile random-access memory (NVRAM) such as flash memory, solid-state memory, ferroelectric RAM (FeRAM) , magnetoresistive RAM (MRAM) and / or phase-change memory.
[0053] Each of apparatus 1510 and apparatus 1520 may be a communication entity capable of communicating with each other using various proposed schemes in accordance with the present disclosure. For illustrative purposes and without limitation, a description of capabilities of apparatus 1510, as STA 110, and apparatus 1520, as STA 120, is provided below in the context of example process 1600. It is noteworthy that, although a detailed description of capabilities, functionalities and / or technical features of apparatus 1520 is provided below, the same may be applied to apparatus 1510 although a detailed description thereof is not provided solely in the interest of brevity. It is also noteworthy that, although the example implementations described below are provided in the context of WLAN, the same may be implemented in other types of networks. Illustrative Processes
[0054] FIG. 16 illustrates an example process 1600 in accordance with an implementation of the present disclosure. Process 1600 may represent an aspect of implementing various proposed designs, concepts, schemes, systems and methods described above. More specifically, process 1600 may represent an aspect of the proposed concepts and schemes pertaining to data transmission for ELR PPDU of next-generation Wi-Fi in wireless communications in accordance with the present disclosure. Process 1600 may include one or more operations, actions, or functions as illustrated by one or more of blocks such as 1610 and 1620. Although illustrated as discrete blocks, various blocks of process 1600 may be divided into additional blocks, combined into fewer blocks, or eliminated, depending on the desired implementation. Moreover, the blocks / sub-blocks of process 1600 may be executed in the order shown in FIG. 16 or, alternatively, in a different order. Furthermore, one or more of the blocks / sub-blocks of process 1600 may be executed repeatedly or iteratively. Process 1600 may be implemented by or in apparatus 1510 and apparatus 1520 as well as any variations thereof. Solely for illustrative purposes and without limiting the scope, process 1600 is described below in the context of apparatus 1510 implemented in or as STA 110 functioning as a non-AP STA or an AP STA and apparatus 1520 implemented in or as STA 120 functioning as an AP STA or a non-AP STA of a wireless network such as a WLAN in network environment 100 in accordance with one or more of IEEE 802.11 standards. Process 1600 may begin at block 1610.
[0055] At 1610, process 1600 may involve processor 1512 of apparatus 1510 generating a PPDU (e.g., an ELR PPDU) . The PPDU may include a data rate indication related to the transmission of the PPDU. Process 1600 may proceed from 1610 to 1620.
[0056] At 1620, process 1600 may involve processor 1512 performing, via transceiver 1516, a transmission of the PPDU (e.g., to apparatus 1520) in a wireless communication. In some implementations, the PPDU may be an ELR PPDU.
[0057] In some implementations, the data rate indication may include 1 bit indicating a combination of a tone plan, a modulation and a coding rate (R) for each of two supported data rates. In some implementations, in performing the transmission of the ELR PPDU, process 1600 may involve processor 1512 performing the transmission using a RU52 with 4x DUP in a frequency domain or DRU52. In some implementations, the two supported data rates may include: (a) BPSK + R = 1 / 2 for a 1.67 Mbps data rate; and (b) QPSK + R = 1 / 2 for a 3.33 Mbps data rate.
[0058] In some implementations, the data rate indication may include 2 bits indicating a combination of a tone plan, a modulation and a coding rate (R) for each of four supported data rates. In some implementations, in performing the transmission of the PPDU, process 1600 may involve processor 1512 performing the transmission using a RU52 with 4x DUP in a frequency domain or DRU52. In some implementations, the four supported data rates may include: (a) BPSK + R = 1 / 2 + DCM for a 0.8 Mbps data rate; (b) BPSK + R = 1 / 2 for a 1.67 Mbps data rate; (c) BPSK + R = 2 / 3 for a 2.26 Mbps data rate; and (d) QPSK + R = 1 / 2 for a 3.33 Mbps data rate.
[0059] In some implementations, in performing the transmission of the ELR PPDU, process 1600 may involve processor 1512 performing the transmission in 1ss and as a SU transmission.
[0060] In some implementations, in performing the transmission of the ELR PPDU, process 1600 may involve processor 1512 performing the transmission with one GI of 1.6μs.
[0061] In some implementations, the ELR PPDU may include a plurality of legacy fields followed by an ELR-PFD (or ELR-Mark) supporting ELR packet format detection or validation, which is followed by a plurality of ELR fields including an ELR-STF and an ELR-LTF. Moreover, in performing the transmission of the ELR PPDU, process 1600 may involve processor 1512 performing the transmission with the 2x mode ELR-LTF for two symbols and with a power boost of 3 dB. Additional Notes
[0062] The herein-described subject matter sometimes illustrates different components contained within, or connected with, different other components. It is to be understood that such depicted architectures are merely examples, and that in fact many other architectures can be implemented which achieve the same functionality. In a conceptual sense, any arrangement of components to achieve the same functionality is effectively "associated" such that the desired functionality is achieved. Hence, any two components herein combined to achieve a particular functionality can be seen as "associated with" each other such that the desired functionality is achieved, irrespective of architectures or intermedial components. Likewise, any two components so associated can also be viewed as being "operably connected" , or "operably coupled" , to each other to achieve the desired functionality, and any two components capable of being so associated can also be viewed as being "operably couplable" , to each other to achieve the desired functionality. Specific examples of operably couplable include but are not limited to physically mateable and / or physically interacting components and / or wirelessly interactable and / or wirelessly interacting components and / or logically interacting and / or logically interactable components.
[0063] Further, with respect to the use of substantially any plural and / or singular terms herein, those having skill in the art can translate from the plural to the singular and / or from the singular to the plural as is appropriate to the context and / or application. The various singular / plural permutations may be expressly set forth herein for sake of clarity.
[0064] Moreover, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that, in general, terms used herein, and especially in the appended claims, e.g., bodies of the appended claims, are generally intended as “open” terms, e.g., the term “including” should be interpreted as “including but not limited to, ” the term “having” should be interpreted as “having at least, ” the term “includes” should be interpreted as “includes but is not limited to, ” etc. It will be further understood by those within the art that if a specific number of an introduced claim recitation is intended, such an intent will be explicitly recited in the claim, and in the absence of such recitation no such intent is present. For example, as an aid to understanding, the following appended claims may contain usage of the introductory phrases "at least one" and "one or more" to introduce claim recitations. However, the use of such phrases should not be construed to imply that the introduction of a claim recitation by the indefinite articles "a" or "an" limits any particular claim containing such introduced claim recitation to implementations containing only one such recitation, even when the same claim includes the introductory phrases "one or more" or "at least one" and indefinite articles such as "a" or "an, " e.g., “a” and / or “an” should be interpreted to mean “at least one” or “one or more; ” the same holds true for the use of definite articles used to introduce claim recitations. In addition, even if a specific number of an introduced claim recitation is explicitly recited, those skilled in the art will recognize that such recitation should be interpreted to mean at least the recited number, e.g., the bare recitation of "two recitations, " without other modifiers, means at least two recitations, or two or more recitations. Furthermore, in those instances where a convention analogous to “at least one of A, B, and C, etc. ” is used, in general such a construction is intended in the sense one having skill in the art would understand the convention, e.g., “a system having at least one of A, B, and C” would include but not be limited to systems that have A alone, B alone, C alone, A and B together, A and C together, B and C together, and / or A, B, and C together, etc. In those instances where a convention analogous to “at least one of A, B, or C, etc. ” is used, in general such a construction is intended in the sense one having skill in the art would understand the convention, e.g., “a system having at least one of A, B, or C” would include but not be limited to systems that have A alone, B alone, C alone, A and B together, A and C together, B and C together, and / or A, B, and C together, etc. It will be further understood by those within the art that virtually any disjunctive word and / or phrase presenting two or more alternative terms, whether in the description, claims, or drawings, should be understood to contemplate the possibilities of including one of the terms, either of the terms, or both terms. For example, the phrase “A or B” will be understood to include the possibilities of “A” or “B” or “A and B. ”
[0065] From the foregoing, it will be appreciated that various implementations of the present disclosure have been described herein for purposes of illustration, and that various modifications may be made without departing from the scope and spirit of the present disclosure. Accordingly, the various implementations disclosed herein are not intended to be limiting, with the true scope and spirit being indicated by the following claims.
Claims
1.A wireless communication method, comprising:generating, by a processor of an apparatus, an enhanced long range (ELR) physical-layer protocol data unit (PPDU) ; andperforming, by the processor, a transmission of the ELR PPDU in a wireless communication,wherein the ELR PPDU comprises a data rate indication related to the transmission of the ELR PPDU.2.The wireless communication method of Claim 1, wherein the data rate indication comprises 1 bit indicating a combination of a tone plan, a modulation and a coding rate (R) for each of two supported data rates.3.The wireless communication method of Claim 2, wherein the performing of the transmission of the ELR PPDU comprises performing the transmission using a 52-tone regular resource unit (RRU52) with 4 times duplication (4x DUP) in a frequency domain or a 52-tone distributed-tone resource unit (DRU52) .4.The wireless communication method of Claim 2, wherein the two supported data rates comprise:binary phase shift keying (BPSK) + R = 1 / 2 for a 1.67 Mbps data rate; andquadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) + R = 1 / 2 for a 3.33 Mbps data rate.5.The wireless communication method of Claim 1, wherein the data rate indication comprises 2 bits indicating a combination of a tone plan, a modulation and a coding rate (R) for each of four supported data rates.6.The wireless communication method of Claim 5, wherein the performing of the transmission of the ELR PPDU comprises performing the transmission using a 52-tone regular resource unit (RRU52) with 4 times duplication (4x DUP) in a frequency domain or a 52-tone distributed-tone resource unit (DRU52) .7.The wireless communication method of Claim 5, wherein the four supported data rates comprise:binary phase shift keying (BPSK) + R = 1 / 2 + dual-carrier modulation (DCM) for a 0.8 Mbps data rate;BPSK + R = 1 / 2 for a 1.67 Mbps data rate;BPSK + R = 2 / 3 for a 2.26 Mbps data rate; andquadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) + R = 1 / 2 for a 3.33 Mbps data rate.8.The wireless communication method of Claim 1, wherein the performing of the transmission of the ELR PPDU comprises performing the transmission in one spatial stream (1ss) and as a single-user (SU) transmission.9.The wireless communication method of Claim 1, wherein the performing of the transmission of the ELR PPDU comprises performing the transmission with one guard interval (GI) of 1.6 microseconds (1.6μs) .10.The wireless communication method of Claim 1, wherein the ELR PPDU comprises a plurality of legacy fields followed by an enhanced long range (ELR) packet format detection or ELR marker field (ELR-PFD or ELR-Mark) supporting ELR packet format detection or validation, which is followed by a plurality of ELR fields including an ELR short training field (ELR-STF) and an ELR long training field (ELR-LTF) , and wherein the performing of the transmission of the ELR PPDU comprises performing the transmission with the 2x mode ELR-LTF for two symbols and with a power boost of 3 dB.11.An apparatus, comprising:a transceiver configured to communicate wirelessly; anda processor coupled to the transceiver and configured to perform, via the transceiver, a wireless communication by:generating an enhanced long range (ELR) physical-layer protocol data unit (PPDU) ; andperforming, via the transceiver, a transmission of the ELR PPDU in a wireless communication,wherein the ELR PPDU comprises a data rate indication related to the transmission of the ELR PPDU.12.The apparatus of Claim 11, wherein the data rate indication comprises 1 bit indicating a combination of a tone plan, a modulation and a coding rate (R) for each of two supported data rates.13.The apparatus of Claim 12, wherein the performing of the transmission of the ELR PPDU comprises performing the transmission using a 52-tone regular resource unit (RU52) with 4 times duplication (4x DUP) in a frequency domain or a 52-tone distributed-tone resource unit (DRU52) .14.The apparatus of Claim 12, wherein the two supported data rates comprise:binary phase shift keying (BPSK) + R = 1 / 2 for a 1.67 Mbps data rate; andquadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) + R = 1 / 2 for a 3.33 Mbps data rate.15.The apparatus of Claim 11, wherein the data rate indication comprises 2 bits indicating a combination of a tone plan, a modulation and a coding rate (R) for each of four supported data rates.16.The apparatus of Claim 15, wherein the performing of the transmission of the ELR PPDU comprises performing the transmission using a 52-tone regular resource unit (RRU52) with 4 times duplication (4x DUP) in a frequency domain or a 52-tone distributed-tone resource unit (DRU52) .17.The apparatus of Claim 15, wherein the four supported data rates comprise:binary phase shift keying (BPSK) + R = 1 / 2 + dual-carrier modulation (DCM) for a 0.8 Mbps data rate;BPSK + R = 1 / 2 for a 1.67 Mbps data rate;BPSK + R = 2 / 3 for a 2.26 Mbps data rate; andquadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) + R = 1 / 2 for a 3.33 Mbps data rate.18.The apparatus of Claim 11, wherein the performing of the transmission of the ELR PPDU comprises performing the transmission in one spatial stream (1ss) and as a single-user (SU) transmission.19.The apparatus of Claim 11, wherein the performing of the transmission of the PPDU comprises performing the transmission with one guard interval (GI) of 1.6 microseconds (1.6μs) .20.The apparatus of Claim 11, wherein the ELR PPDU comprises a plurality of legacy fields followed by an enhanced long range (ELR) packet format detection or ELR marker field (ELR-PFD or ELR-Mark) supporting ELR packet format detection or validation, which is followed by a plurality of ELR fields including an ELR short training field (ELR-STF) and an ELR long training field (ELR-LTF) , and wherein the performing of the transmission of the ELR PPDU comprises performing the transmission with the 2x mode ELR-LTF for two symbols and with a power boost of 3 dB.