Multi-ap coordination grouping schemes in wireless communications
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- EP · EP
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- MEDIATEK INC
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-09
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-17
AI Technical Summary
Existing wireless communication technologies lack defined multi-AP coordination grouping schemes, which are essential for efficient coordination and management of multiple access points in networks like Wi-Fi and WLANs.
Implementing multi-AP coordination negotiation between access points to establish coordination agreements, assigning unique identifiers and indexes within the association identifier space, and using beacon frames to announce support for coordination operations.
Enhances the coordination and management of multiple access points, improving network efficiency and resource sharing through coordinated transmissions.
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Figure CN2025071469_17072025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
MULTI-AP COORDINATION GROUPING SCHEMES IN WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONSCROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED PATENT APPLICATION
[0001] The present disclosure is part of a non-provisional patent application claiming the priority benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 618,925, filed 09 January 2024, and U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 559,247, filed 29 February 2024, the contents of which herein is incorporated by reference in their entirety.TECHNICAL FIELD
[0002] The present disclosure is generally related to wireless communications and, more particularly, to multi-access point (multi-AP) coordination grouping schemes in wireless communications.BACKGROUND
[0003] Unless otherwise indicated herein, approaches described in this section are not prior art to the claims listed below and are not admitted as prior art by inclusion in this section.
[0004] In wireless communications such as Wi-Fi (or WiFi) and wireless local area networks (WLANs) under the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 standards, multi-AP (or MAP) coordination grouping refers to the idea of a pair-wise coordination agreement setup and a sharing access point (AP) -centered grouping. That is, a sharing AP-centered group may be used for a coordinating (sharing) AP to group its coordinated (shared) AP (s) and trigger coordinated transmission (s) . The coordinating (sharing) AP of one sharing AP-centered group may be a coordinated (shared) AP of another sharing AP-centered group. However, at the time of the present disclosure, details on multi-AP coordination grouping have yet to be defined or specified. Therefore, there is a need for multi-AP coordination grouping schemes in wireless communications.SUMMARY
[0005] The following summary is illustrative only and is not intended to be limiting in any way. That is, the following summary is provided to introduce concepts, highlights, benefits, and advantages of the novel and non-obvious techniques described herein. Select implementations are further described below in the detailed description. Thus, the following summary is not intended to identify essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended for use in determining the scope of the claimed subject matter.
[0006] An objective of the present disclosure is to provide schemes, concepts, designs, techniques, methods, and apparatuses pertaining to multi-AP coordination grouping schemes in wireless communications. It is believed that implementation of one or more schemes proposed herein may address or otherwise alleviate the aforementioned issue (s) .
[0007] In one aspect, a method may involve a first AP performing a multi-AP coordination negotiation with at least a second AP to establish a coordination agreement with the second AP. In performing the multi-AP negotiation, the method may involve the first AP assigning an AP identifier (AP ID) or index or basic service set (BSS) index to the second AP as a coordinated or shared AP of the first AP. In such cases, a value of the AP ID, index or BSS index may be within an association identifier (AID) space of the first AP as a coordinating or sharing AP.
[0008] In another aspect, a method may involve a second AP transmitting one or more beacon frames or other management frames to announce a support of a coordination operation. The method may also involve the second AP receiving a request from a first AP to establish a coordination agreement responsive to transmitting the one or more beacon frames or other management frames.
[0009] It is noteworthy that, although the description provided herein may be in the context of certain radio access technologies, networks and network topologies such as Wi-Fi / WiFi, the proposed concepts, schemes and any variation (s) / derivative (s) thereof may be implemented in, for and by other types of radio access technologies, networks and network topologies such as, for example and without limitation, Bluetooth, ZigBee, 5th Generation (5G) / New Radio (NR) , Long-Term Evolution (LTE) , LTE-Advanced, LTE-Advanced Pro, Internet-of-Things (IoT) , Industrial IoT (IIoT) and narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) . Thus, the scope of the present disclosure is not limited to the examples described herein.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0010] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of the present disclosure. The drawings illustrate implementations of the disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure. It is appreciable that the drawings are not necessarily in scale as some components may be shown to be out of proportion than the size in actual implementation to clearly illustrate the concept of the present disclosure.
[0011] FIG. 1 is a diagram of an example network environment in which various solutions and schemes in accordance with the present disclosure may be implemented.
[0012] FIG. 2 is a diagram of an example scenario under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0013] FIG. 3 is a diagram of an example scenario under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0014] FIG. 4 is a diagram of an example scenario under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0015] FIG. 5 is a diagram of an example scenario under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0016] FIG. 6 is a block diagram of an example communication system under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0017] FIG. 7 is a flowchart of an example process under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0018] FIG. 8 is a flowchart of a second example process under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0019] Detailed embodiments and implementations of the claimed subject matters are disclosed herein. However, it shall be understood that the disclosed embodiments and implementations are merely illustrative of the claimed subject matters which may be embodied in various forms. The present disclosure may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the exemplary embodiments and implementations set forth herein. Rather, these exemplary embodiments and implementations are provided so that the description of the present disclosure is thorough and complete and will fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art. In the description below, details of well-known features and techniques may be omitted to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the presented embodiments and implementations. Overview
[0020] Implementations in accordance with the present disclosure relate to various techniques, methods, schemes and / or solutions pertaining to multi-AP coordination grouping schemes in wireless communications. According to the present disclosure, a number of possible solutions may be implemented separately or jointly. That is, although these possible solutions may be described below separately, two or more of these possible solutions may be implemented in one combination or another. The various solutions and schemes implement the proposed schemes between APs and non-AP STAs. Accordingly, the various solutions and schemes proposed herein may address or otherwise alleviate the issues described above.
[0021] FIG. 1 illustrates an example network environment 100 in which various solutions and schemes in accordance with the present disclosure may be implemented. FIG. 2 -FIG. 8 illustrate examples of implementation of various proposed schemes in network environment 100 in accordance with the present disclosure. The following description of various proposed schemes is provided with reference to FIG. 1 -FIG. 8.
[0022] Referring to FIG. 1, network environment 100 may include at least a first AP (AP1) , a second AP (AP2) and a third AP (AP3) . AP1 may be associated with or part of a first basic service set (BSS-1) ; AP2 may be associated with or part of a second basic service set (BSS-2) ; and AP3 may be associated with or part of a third basic service set (BSS-3) . Each of AP1, AP2 and AP3 may be configured to implement various proposed schemes in accordance with the present disclosure as described below. It is noteworthy that, while the various proposed schemes may be individually or separately described below, in actual implementations some or all of the proposed schemes may be utilized or otherwise implemented jointly. Of course, each of the proposed schemes may be utilized or otherwise implemented individually or separately.
[0023] Referring to FIG. 1, under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure, an AP may negotiate with another AP to set up or otherwise establish a coordination agreement with each other. An AP, as a coordinating (sharing) AP that has coordination agreement (s) with multiple AP (s) , as coordinated (shared) AP (s) , may belong to a coordinating / sharing AP-centered group. The coordinating / sharing AP-Centered-Group may be used by the coordinating (sharing) AP to group and manage its coordinated (shared) APs, and the coordinating (sharing) AP may trigger a coordinated transmission with one or more coordinated APs selected from the group when the coordinating AP obtains a transmission opportunity (TXOP) and intends to share the TXOP. In the example shown in FIG. 1, AP1 functions as a coordinating AP and has coordination agreement with each of AP2 and AP3, as coordinated APs.
[0024] Under the proposed scheme, the coordinating (sharing) AP of one sharing AP-Centered-Group may be a coordinated (shared) AP of another sharing AP-Centered-Group. For instance, AP2, as a coordinating AP, may have a coordination agreement with AP1, and as such AP2 may group AP1 as its coordinated AP in an AP2-Centered-Group.
[0025] Referring to FIG. 1, AP1 BSS may be partially overlapped with both AP2 BSS and AP3 BSS. AP1 may hear or otherwise detect transmissions from AP2 and AP3. Therefore, AP1 may negotiate with AP2 and AP3 to set up or otherwise establish an AP1-Centered-Group with AP2 and AP3, so that AP1 may have separate coordination agreements with AP2 and AP3, respectively. That is, AP1 may be the coordinating (sharing) AP of the group with AP2 and AP3 being the coordinated (shared) APs of the AP1-Centered-Group.
[0026] Additionally, as shown in FIG. 1, AP2 BSS may overlap only with AP1 BSS. Therefore, AP2 may establish a coordination agreement with AP1 and set up or otherwise establish an AP2-Centered-Group with AP1. Thus, AP2 may be the coordinating AP with AP1 being the coordinated (shared) AP of the AP2-Centered-Group.
[0027] Moreover, as shown in FIG. 1, AP3 BSS may overlap only with AP1 BSS. Therefore, AP3 may establish a coordination agreement with AP1 and set up or otherwise establish an AP3-Centered-Group with AP1. Thus, AP3 may be the coordinating AP with AP1 being the coordinated (shared) AP of the AP3-Centered-Group.
[0028] FIG. 2 illustrates an example scenario 200 under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure. Referring to FIG. 2, a coordinating (sharing) AP, e.g., AP1, may use its (transmitted) basic service set identifier (BSSID) (e.g., its medium access control (MAC) address, or the transmitted BSSID of a multiple BSSID set to which the AP belongs) as a “transmitted BSSID” to each of its coordinated APs of an AP1-Centered-Group. For instance, according to IEEE 802.11 baseline specification, AP1 may or may not be in a multiple BSSID set (MBSSID set) . If AP1 is in an MBSSID set, AP1 may use a transmitted BSSID of the MBSSID set as the identifier for the coordinated AP (s) in the group to identify the coordinating AP1. Otherwise, AP1 may use its BSSID as the identifier. When AP1 or any AP affiliated with the same multiple BSSID set as AP1 initiates a TXOP and share the TXOP as the sharing AP for coordinated transmission (s) , the sharing AP may use the “transmitted BSSID” of the group as the transmitter address (TA) in a transmitted frame to trigger the coordinated AP (s) of the group, as shared AP (s) , during the coordinated TXOP.
[0029] Under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure, AP1 may assign an identifier (ID) or index to each of the coordinated (shared) APs of AP1-Centered-Group when setting up a coordination agreement with the coordinated (shared) AP (s) , where the ID / index may be in a specific range such as, for example, 1 ~ 2^n. AP2 and AP3 may be the shared APs in the group and each may be assigned a respective ID / index (e.g., 1 or 2) , respectively. Under the proposed scheme, the coordinating (sharing) AP, AP1, may assign an AP identifier (AP ID) to another AP (e.g., AP2 and / or AP3) as part of a multi-AP coordination negotiation. The AP ID may be used by AP1 to identify another AP as a coordinated (shared) AP, when necessary. The value of such an AP ID may be within a range of an association ID (AID) space of AP1. Moreover, AP1 may ensure that the AP ID value is not assigned by itself (AP1) to any other station (STA) (e.g., an associated non-AP STA, an unassociated non-AP STA that has been allocated a ranging session ID (RSID) , or any other coordinated AP) .
[0030] Under the proposed scheme, AP1 may announce a reference AID for the AP1-Centered-Group. A shared AP’s AID may be determined based on the coordinated (shared) APs’ ID / index and the reference AID if there is an announced reference AID. Otherwise, a default value 0 or another system defined value may be used as the reference AID. Moreover, AP1 may reserve an AID for each of the coordinated (shared) APs so that non-AP STAs associated with AP1 would not be assigned AIDs that are assigned to the coordinated (shared) APs.
[0031] FIG. 3 illustrates an example scenario 300 under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure. Referring to FIG. 3, each AP may have a different ID / index corresponding to each different “transmitted BSSID” of the respective sharing AP-Centered-Group to which it belongs. For instance, AP1 may have separate coordination agreements with AP2 and AP3, respectively, and thus AP1 may be a coordinated (shared) AP of both the AP2-Centered-Group and AP3-Centered-Group, respectively.
[0032] Under the proposed scheme, AP1 may be assigned an ID / index by AP2 corresponding to the AP2-Centered-Group and may also be assigned another ID / index by AP3 corresponding to the AP3-Centered-Group. That is, AP1’s ID / index may be independently assigned by the coordinating (sharing) AP2 and AP3. Under the proposed scheme, each sharing AP-Centered-Group may have a different reference AID for the sharing AP-Centered-Group. Therefore, AP1’s AID may be different in one sharing AP-Centered-Group than AP1’s AID in another sharing AP-centered group. In the example shown in FIG. 3, the AP2-Centered-Group may have a default reference AID 0; the AP3-Centered-Group may have a reference AID set to 2048; and AP1, as the shared AP of both groups, may have its AID assigned to 1 and 2049 for AP2-Centered-Group and AP3-Centered-Group, respectively.
[0033] Under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure, with respect to multi-AP (or MAP) coordination, a sharing AP may initiate a coordination transmission by sending frames with the TA field set to its MAC address or the transmitted BSSID of a multiple BSSID set to which it belongs. The sharing AP may use a shared AP’s ID / AID to identify the intended recipient shared AP (e.g. in the User Info field AID subfield of a trigger frame) to trigger one or more shared / coordinated APs to participate in a coordinated TXOP. Moreover, the sharing AP may use shared AP’s ID / index combined with STA ID / AID (e.g., shared AP’s index is 1; shared AP’s Index "+”STA ID / AID means bit aggregation or algebra addition) to identify an intended recipient non-AP STA associated with the shared AP.
[0034] Under the proposed scheme, a shared AP may identify itself in the received frame from the sharing AP. For instance, when receiving a frame from a sharing AP by identifying the transmitted BSSID of the sharing AP in the TA field, the shared AP may detect whether there is a user ID (e.g., in the User Info field of the frame) matching its AID assigned by the sharing AP. The shared AP may also identify non-AP STAs associated with itself, the shared AP, in the received frame from the sharing AP. For instance, when receiving a frame from a sharing AP by identifying the transmitted BSSID of the sharing AP in TA field, the shared AP may detect whether there is a user ID matching the shared AP’s ID / index + STA ID (e.g., a STA ID together with a shared AP’s ID / Index) .
[0035] Under the proposed scheme, a non-AP STA associated with the shared AP may identify itself in the received frame from the sharing AP. For instance, when receiving a frame from a sharing AP by identifying the transmitted BSSID of the sharing AP in the TA field, the non-AP STA may detect whether there is a user ID matching its associated shared AP’s ID / index + STA ID (e.g., its own STA ID together with its associated shared AP’s ID / Index) .
[0036] FIG. 4 illustrates an example scenario 400 with respect to a coordination pair agreement for a multi-AP coordinated transmission under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure. Referring to FIG. 4, an AP may announce one or more supported coordination operations (e.g., coordinated time division multiple access (C-TDMA) , coordinated space reuse (Co-SR) , coordinated beamforming (Co-BF or C-BF) and so on) in one or more Beacon frames or other management frames. An AP may discover its neighbor APs that can support one or more coordination operations (e.g., C-TDMA, Co-SR or C-BF) by the capability announcement of the neighbor APs (e.g., through Beacon or other management frames transmitted by each other) .
[0037] Under the proposed scheme, an AP may negotiate or request one or more neighbor APs, which support multi-AP coordination, to set up or otherwise establish one or more coordination pair agreements. For example, AP1 may send requests to, and negotiate with, AP2, AP3 and AP4 to set up or otherwise establish coordination pair agreements, respectively. AP2 may send a request to, and negotiate with, AP3 to set up or otherwise establish a coordination pair agreement. Moreover, an AP affiliated with a coordination pair agreement may be a sharing AP when it obtains a TXOP as a TXOP initiator / holder. The other AP that has a coordination agreement with the sharing AP may be a shared AP if the sharing AP shares the TXOP with this (shared) AP. In other words, each AP affiliated with a coordination agreement may be a sharing AP or a shared AP.
[0038] Under the proposed scheme, the APs affiliated with a coordination pair agreement may assign a (shared-) AP ID / Index / BSS Index to each other, and the (shared-) AP ID / Index / BSS Index may be within a specific range (AID space) , e.g., , from 1 to 2^n.. Additionally, each AP affiliated with one or more coordination pair agreements as a coordinating / sharing AP may assign a unique (shared-) AP ID / Index / BSS Index to its coordinated / shared APs, as shown in FIG. 4. In other words, a sharing AP (e.g., AP1) may ensure that the (shared-) AP ID value is not assigned by the sharing AP (AP1) to any other STA (e.g., an associated non-AP STA, an unassociated non-AP STA that has been allocated a RSID, or any other coordinated AP) . In addition, an AP affiliated with a coordination pair agreement may announce its transmitted BSSID of a multiple BSSID set to which it belongs.
[0039] FIG. 5 illustrates an example scenario 500 with respect to a sharing AP-centered group in a multi-AP coordinated transmission under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure. Referring to FIG. 5, an AP, as a coordinating / sharing AP, may have one or more coordination agreements with one or more APs, as the coordinated / shared APs. The coordinating / sharing AP and its coordinated / shared APs may be viewed as being in a sharing AP-centered group (e.g., AP1-Centered-Group) . As shown in FIG. 4, each AP affiliated with a coordination pair agreement may be either a coordinating / sharing AP or a coordinated / shared AP. In cases where AP1 is a sharing AP, AP1 may serve as a sharing AP whenever it obtains a TXOP. As such, AP1, as a sharing AP, may have one or more shared APs which are affiliated with different coordination pair agreements with AP1, respectively. These shared APs together with AP1, as the sharing AP, may constitute a sharing AP-centered group (e.g., AP1-Centered-Group) .
[0040] Under the proposed scheme, a coordinated / shared AP may use the sharing AP’s BSSID / transmitted BSSID (e.g., MAC Address or transmitted BSSID of a multiple BSSID set to which the sharing AP belongs) as the “transmitted BSSID” of the sharing AP-Centered-Group. When the sharing AP obtains a TXOP, the sharing AP may transmit a control frame with the sharing AP’s BSSID / transmitted BSSID as the Transmitter Address (TA) . The control frame may indicate the coordination mode, such as C-TDMA, Co-SR or Co-BF, and so on. The sharing AP may have a reference AID or a default reference AID corresponding to the sharing AP-Centered-Group. The reference AID may be selected from the AID space.
[0041] Under the proposed scheme, each shared AP’s ID / AID may be assigned or otherwise determined based on its assigned shared-AP ID / Index / BSS Index and the reference AID corresponding to the specific sharing AP-Centered-Group. For example, user ID / AID = shared-AP Index / BSS Index + reference AID. In case that the reference AID is 0, the assigned shared-AP ID may be the assigned AID of the shared-AP. Moreover, the sharing AP may ensure that the shared APs’ user IDs / AIDs are not assigned to any other STAs (e.g., its associated non-AP STAs, any unassociated non-AP STA that has been allocated a RSID, or any other coordinated AP) . Illustrative Implementations
[0042] FIG. 6 illustrates an example system 600 having at least an example apparatus 610 and an example apparatus 620 in accordance with an implementation of the present disclosure. Each of apparatus 610 and apparatus 620 may perform various functions to implement schemes, techniques, processes, and methods described herein pertaining to multi-AP coordination grouping schemes in wireless communications, including the various schemes described above with respect to various proposed designs, concepts, schemes, systems and methods described above as well as processes described below. For instance, apparatus 610 may be implemented in a coordinating / sharing AP (e.g., any of AP1, AP2 and AP3) and apparatus 620 may be implemented in a coordinated / shared AP (e.g., another AP among AP1, AP2 and AP3) , or vice versa.
[0043] Each of apparatus 610 and apparatus 620 may be a part of an electronic apparatus, such as a portable or mobile apparatus, a wearable apparatus, a wireless communication apparatus or a computing apparatus. When implemented in a STA, each of apparatus 610 and apparatus 620 may be implemented in a smartphone, a smart watch, a personal digital assistant, a digital camera, or a computing equipment such as a tablet computer, a laptop computer or a notebook computer. Each of apparatus 610 and apparatus 620 may also be a part of a machine type apparatus, which may be an IoT apparatus such as an immobile or a stationary apparatus, a home apparatus, a wire communication apparatus or a computing apparatus. For instance, each of apparatus 610 and apparatus 620 may be implemented in a smart thermostat, a smart fridge, a smart door lock, a wireless speaker, or a home control center. When implemented in or as a network apparatus, apparatus 610 and / or apparatus 620 may be implemented in a network node, such as an AP in a WLAN or a mesh device.
[0044] In some implementations, each of apparatus 610 and apparatus 620 may be implemented in the form of one or more integrated-circuit (IC) chips such as, for example and without limitation, one or more single-core processors, one or more multi-core processors, one or more reduced-instruction set computing (RISC) processors, or one or more complex-instruction-set-computing (CISC) processors. In the various schemes described above, each of apparatus 610 and apparatus 620 may be implemented in or as a STA or an AP. Each of apparatus 610 and apparatus 620 may include at least some of those components shown in FIG. 6 such as a processor 612 and a processor 622, respectively, for example. Each of apparatus 610 and apparatus 620 may further include one or more other components not pertinent to the proposed scheme of the present disclosure (e.g., internal power supply, display device and / or user interface device) , and, thus, such component (s) of apparatus 610 and apparatus 620 are neither shown in FIG. 6 nor described below in the interest of simplicity and brevity.
[0045] In one aspect, each of processor 612 and processor 622 may be implemented in the form of one or more single-core processors, one or more multi-core processors, one or more RISC processors or one or more CISC processors. That is, even though a singular term “a processor” is used herein to refer to processor 612 and processor 622, each of processor 612 and processor 622 may include multiple processors in some implementations and a single processor in other implementations in accordance with the present disclosure. In another aspect, each of processor 612 and processor 622 may be implemented in the form of hardware (and, optionally, firmware) with electronic components including, for example and without limitation, one or more transistors, one or more diodes, one or more capacitors, one or more resistors, one or more inductors, one or more memristors and / or one or more varactors that are configured and arranged to achieve specific purposes in accordance with the present disclosure. In other words, in at least some implementations, each of processor 612 and processor 622 is a special-purpose machine specifically designed, arranged and configured to perform specific tasks including those pertaining to multi-AP coordination grouping schemes in wireless communications in accordance with various implementations of the present disclosure.
[0046] In some implementations, apparatus 610 may also include a transceiver 616 coupled to processor 612. Transceiver 616 may include a transmitter capable of wirelessly transmitting and a receiver capable of wirelessly receiving data. In some implementations, apparatus 620 may also include a transceiver 626 coupled to processor 622. Transceiver 626 may include a transmitter capable of wirelessly transmitting and a receiver capable of wirelessly receiving data. It is noteworthy that, although transceiver 616 and transceiver 626 are illustrated as being external to and separate from processor 612 and processor 622, respectively, in some implementations, transceiver 616 may be an integral part of processor 612 as a system on chip (SoC) and / or transceiver 626 may be an integral part of processor 622 as a SoC.
[0047] In some implementations, apparatus 610 may further include a memory 614 coupled to processor 612 and capable of being accessed by processor 612 and storing data therein. In some implementations, apparatus 620 may further include a memory 624 coupled to processor 622 and capable of being accessed by processor 622 and storing data therein. Each of memory 614 and memory 624 may include a type of random-access memory (RAM) such as dynamic RAM (DRAM) , static RAM (SRAM) , thyristor RAM (T-RAM) and / or zero-capacitor RAM (Z-RAM) . Alternatively, or additionally, each of memory 614 and memory 624 may include a type of read-only memory (ROM) such as mask ROM, programmable ROM (PROM) , erasable programmable ROM (EPROM) and / or electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM) . Alternatively, or additionally, each of memory 614 and memory 624 may include a type of non-volatile random-access memory (NVRAM) such as flash memory, solid-state memory, ferroelectric RAM (FeRAM) , magnetoresistive RAM (MRAM) and / or phase-change memory.
[0048] Each of apparatus 610 and apparatus 620 may be a communication entity capable of communicating with each other using various proposed schemes in accordance with the present disclosure. For illustrative purposes and without limitation, a description of the capabilities of apparatus 610 and apparatus 620, functioning as a coordinating / sharing AP and a coordinated / shared AP, respectively, is provided below in the context of example processes 700 and 800. It is noteworthy that, although a detailed description of capabilities, functionalities and / or technical features of either of apparatus 610 and apparatus 620 is provided below, the same may be applied to the other of apparatus 610 and apparatus 620 although a detailed description thereof is not provided solely in the interest of brevity. It is also noteworthy that, although the example implementations described below are provided in the context of WLAN, the same may be implemented in other types of networks. Illustrative Processes
[0049] FIG. 7 illustrates an example process 700 in accordance with an implementation of the present disclosure. Process 700 may represent an aspect of implementing various proposed designs, concepts, schemes, systems, and methods described above. More specifically, process 700 may represent an aspect of the proposed concepts and schemes pertaining to multi-AP coordination grouping schemes in wireless communications. Process 700 may include one or more operations, actions, or functions as illustrated by one or more of blocks 710 and 720. Although illustrated as discrete blocks, various blocks of process 700 may be divided into additional blocks, combined into fewer blocks, or eliminated, depending on the desired implementation. Moreover, the blocks / sub-blocks of process 700 may be executed in the order shown in FIG. 7 or, alternatively, in a different order. Furthermore, one or more of the blocks / sub-blocks of process 700 may be executed repeatedly or iteratively. Process 700 may be implemented by or in apparatus 610 and apparatus 620 as well as any variations thereof. Solely for illustrative purposes and without limiting the scope, process 700 is described below in the context of apparatus 610 implemented in or as a coordinating / sharing AP and apparatus 620 implemented in or as a coordinated / shared AP of a wireless network such as a WLAN in network environment 100 in accordance with one or more of IEEE 802.11 standards. Process 700 may begin at block 710.
[0050] At 710, process 700 may involve processor 612 of apparatus 610, as a first AP, performing, via transceiver 616, a multi-AP coordination negotiation with at least a second AP (e.g., apparatus 620) to establish a coordination agreement with the second AP.
[0051] In some implementations, in performing the multi-AP negotiation, process 700 may involve processor 612 assigning an AP ID or index or BSS index to the second AP as a coordinated or shared AP of the first AP. Moreover, a value of the AP ID, index or BSS index may be within an AID space of the first AP as a coordinating or sharing AP.
[0052] In some implementations, each coordinated AP of the first AP may be assigned a respective AP ID, index or BSS index different than that of another coordinated AP of the first AP.
[0053] In some implementations, the AP ID, index or BSS index assigned to the second AP may not be assigned to a non-AP STA associated with the first AP, an unassociated non-AP STA that has been allocated an RSID or another coordinated AP.
[0054] In some implementations, in performing the multi-AP negotiation, process 700 may further involve processor 612 receiving an assignment of a corresponding AP ID or index or BSS index by the second AP as a coordinated or shared AP of the second AP.
[0055] In some implementations, process 700 may further involve processor 612 performing, via transceiver 616, another multi-AP coordination negotiation with a third AP to establish another coordination agreement to form a first AP-centered group. In such cases, the first AP may function as a coordinating or sharing AP of the first AP-centered group, and the second AP and the third AP may function as coordinated or shared APs of the first AP-centered group.
[0056] In some implementations, process 700 may further involve processor 612 indicating, via transceiver 616, an identifier of the first AP for the second AP as the coordinated or shared AP to identify the first AP as the coordinating or sharing AP. The identifier may include a specific MAC address or BSSID. In some implementations, the specific BSSID may include a BSSID corresponding to the first AP or a transmitted BSSID of a multiple BSSID set to which the first AP belongs.
[0057] In some implementations, process 700 may further involve processor 612 obtaining, via transceiver 616, a TXOP. Additionally, process 700 may involve processor 612 sharing, via transceiver 616 via transceiver 616, the TXOP with the second AP as part of a coordinated transmission. In some implementations, in sharing the TXOP, process 700 may involve processor 612 transmitting a frame to trigger the second AP to participate in the coordinated transmission. In some implementations, in transmitting the frame, process 700 may involve processor 612 transmitting the frame with a transmitted BSSID of the first AP as a TA in the transmitted frame. Alternatively, or additionally, in sharing the TXOP, process 700 may involve processor 612 transmitting a frame to trigger the second AP to participate in the coordinated transmission, and wherein the transmitting of the frame comprises transmitting the frame with a User Info field indicating the AP ID or index or BSS index corresponding to the second AP assigned by the first AP in the transmitted frame.
[0058] In some implementations, process 700 may further involve processor 612 announcing, via transceiver 616, a support of one or more coordination operations in one or more beacon frames or other management frames. In some implementations, the one or more coordination operations may include one or more of C-TDMA, Co-SR, and Co-BF or C-BF.
[0059] In some implementations, process 700 may further involve processor 612 discovering, via transceiver 616, that the second AP supports a coordination operation based on a capability announcement of the second AP. In such cases, in performing the multi-AP coordination negotiation, process 700 may involve processor 612 performing the multi-AP coordination negotiation to establish the coordination agreement responsive to discovering that the second AP supports the coordination operation.
[0060] FIG. 8 illustrates an example process 800 in accordance with an implementation of the present disclosure. Process 800 may represent an aspect of implementing various proposed designs, concepts, schemes, systems, and methods described above. More specifically, process 800 may represent an aspect of the proposed concepts and schemes pertaining to multi-AP coordination grouping schemes in wireless communications. Process 800 may include one or more operations, actions, or functions as illustrated by one or more of blocks 810 and 820. Although illustrated as discrete blocks, various blocks of process 800 may be divided into additional blocks, combined into fewer blocks, or eliminated, depending on the desired implementation. Moreover, the blocks / sub-blocks of process 800 may be executed in the order shown in FIG. 8 or, alternatively, in a different order. Furthermore, one or more of the blocks / sub-blocks of process 800 may be executed repeatedly or iteratively. Process 800 may be implemented by or in apparatus 610 and apparatus 620 as well as any variations thereof. Solely for illustrative purposes and without limiting the scope, process 800 is described below in the context of apparatus 610 implemented in or as a coordinating / sharing AP and apparatus 620 implemented in or as a coordinated / shared AP of a wireless network such as a WLAN in network environment 100 in accordance with one or more of IEEE 802.11 standards. Process 800 may begin at block 810.
[0061] At 810, process 800 may involve processor 622 of apparatus 620, as a second AP, transmitting, via transceiver 626, one or more beacon frames or other management frames to announce a support of a coordination operation. Process 800 may proceed from 810 to 820.
[0062] At 820, process 800 may involve processor 622 receiving, via transceiver 626, a request from a first AP (e.g., apparatus 610) to establish a coordination agreement responsive to transmitting the one or more beacon frames or other management frames.
[0063] In some implementations, process 800 may further involve processor 622 performing, via transceiver 626, a multi-AP coordination negotiation to establish the coordination agreement with the first AP. The first AP may function as a coordinating or sharing AP of the second AP, and the second AP may function as a coordinated or shared AP of the first AP. In some implementations, in performing the multi-AP coordination negotiation, process 800 may involve processor 622 receiving an assignment of an AP ID or index or BSS index from the first AP, and wherein a value of the AP ID, index or BSS index is within an AID space of the first AP.
[0064] In some implementations, process 800 may further involve processor 622 performing, via transceiver 626, a multi-AP coordination negotiation to establish the coordination agreement with the first AP. The second AP may function as a coordinating or sharing AP of the first AP, and the first AP may function as a coordinated or shared AP of the second AP. In some implementations, in performing the multi-AP coordination negotiation, process 800 may involve processor 622 assigning an AP ID or index or BSS index to the first AP. In such cases, a value of the AP ID, index or BSS index may be within an AID space of the second AP.
[0065] In some implementations, process 800 may further involve processor 622 performing, via transceiver 626, another multi-AP coordination negotiation with a third AP to establish another coordination agreement to form a second AP-centered group. The second AP may function as a coordinating or sharing AP of the second AP-centered group, and the first AP and the third AP may function as coordinated or shared APs of the second AP-centered group. In some implementations, each of the first AP-centered group and the second AP-centered group may have a different reference AID for the sharing AP.
[0066] In some implementations, process 800 may further involve processor 622 receiving, via transceiver 626, an identifier of the first AP for the second AP as the coordinated / shared AP to identify the first AP as the coordinating / sharing AP. In such cases, the identifier may be a specific MAC address or BSSID.
[0067] In some implementations, process 800 may further involve processor 622 receiving, via transceiver 626, a frame from the first AP triggering the second AP to participate in a coordinated transmission. In some implementations, in receiving the frame, process 800 may involve processor 622 receiving the frame with a transmitted BSSID of the first AP-centered group as a TA in the received frame. Alternatively, or additionally, in receiving the frame, process 800 may involve processor 622 receiving the frame with a User Info field indicating the AP ID or index or BSS index corresponding to the second AP assigned by the first AP in the received frame.
[0068] In some implementations, process 800 may further involve processor 622 receiving, via transceiver 626, one or more beacon frames or other management frames from a neighbor AP announcing a support of one or more coordination operations. In some implementations, the one or more coordination operations comprise one or more of C-TDMA, Co-SR, and Co-BF or C-BF. Additional Notes
[0069] The herein-described subject matter sometimes illustrates different components contained within, or connected with, different other components. It is to be understood that such depicted architectures are merely examples, and that in fact many other architectures can be implemented which achieve the same functionality. In a conceptual sense, any arrangement of components to achieve the same functionality is effectively "associated" such that the desired functionality is achieved. Hence, any two components herein combined to achieve a particular functionality can be seen as "associated with" each other such that the desired functionality is achieved, irrespective of architectures or intermedial components. Likewise, any two components so associated can also be viewed as being "operably connected" , or "operably coupled" , to each other to achieve the desired functionality, and any two components capable of being so associated can also be viewed as being "operably couplable" , to each other to achieve the desired functionality. Specific examples of operably couplable include but are not limited to physically mateable and / or physically interacting components and / or wirelessly interactable and / or wirelessly interacting components and / or logically interacting and / or logically interactable components.
[0070] Further, with respect to the use of substantially any plural and / or singular terms herein, those having skill in the art can translate from the plural to the singular and / or from the singular to the plural as is appropriate to the context and / or application. The various singular / plural permutations may be expressly set forth herein for sake of clarity.
[0071] Moreover, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that, in general, terms used herein, and especially in the appended claims, e.g., bodies of the appended claims, are generally intended as “open” terms, e.g., the term “including” should be interpreted as “including but not limited to, ” the term “having” should be interpreted as “having at least, ” the term “includes” should be interpreted as “includes but is not limited to, ” etc. It will be further understood by those within the art that if a specific number of an introduced claim recitation is intended, such an intent will be explicitly recited in the claim, and in the absence of such recitation no such intent is present. For example, as an aid to understanding, the following appended claims may contain usage of the introductory phrases "at least one" and "one or more" to introduce claim recitations. However, the use of such phrases should not be construed to imply that the introduction of a claim recitation by the indefinite articles "a" or "an" limits any particular claim containing such introduced claim recitation to implementations containing only one such recitation, even when the same claim includes the introductory phrases "one or more" or "at least one" and indefinite articles such as "a" or "an, " e.g., “a” and / or “an” should be interpreted to mean “at least one” or “one or more; ” the same holds true for the use of definite articles used to introduce claim recitations. In addition, even if a specific number of an introduced claim recitation is explicitly recited, those skilled in the art will recognize that such recitation should be interpreted to mean at least the recited number, e.g., the bare recitation of "two recitations, " without other modifiers, means at least two recitations, or two or more recitations. Furthermore, in those instances where a convention analogous to “at least one of A, B, and C, etc. ” is used, in general such a construction is intended in the sense one having skill in the art would understand the convention, e.g., “a system having at least one of A, B, and C” would include but not be limited to systems that have A alone, B alone, C alone, A and B together, A and C together, B and C together, and / or A, B, and C together, etc. In those instances where a convention analogous to “at least one of A, B, or C, etc. ” is used, in general such a construction is intended in the sense one having skill in the art would understand the convention, e.g., “a system having at least one of A, B, or C” would include but not be limited to systems that have A alone, B alone, C alone, A and B together, A and C together, B and C together, and / or A, B, and C together, etc. It will be further understood by those within the art that virtually any disjunctive word and / or phrase presenting two or more alternative terms, whether in the description, claims, or drawings, should be understood to contemplate the possibilities of including one of the terms, either of the terms, or both terms. For example, the phrase “A or B” will be understood to include the possibilities of “A” or “B” or “A and B. ”
[0072] From the foregoing, it will be appreciated that various implementations of the present disclosure have been described herein for purposes of illustration, and that various modifications may be made without departing from the scope and spirit of the present disclosure. Accordingly, the various implementations disclosed herein are not intended to be limiting, with the true scope and spirit being indicated by the following claims.
Claims
1.A method, comprising:performing, by a processor of a first access point (AP) , a multi-AP coordination negotiation with at least a second AP to establish a coordination agreement with the second AP,wherein the performing of the multi-AP negotiation comprises assigning an AP identifier (AP ID) or index or basic service set (BSS) index to the second AP as a coordinated or shared AP of the first AP, andwherein a value of the AP ID, index or BSS index is within an association identifier (AID) space of the first AP as a coordinating or sharing AP.2.The method of Claim 1, wherein each coordinated AP of the first AP is assigned a respective AP ID, index or BSS index different than that of another coordinated AP of the first AP.3.The method of Claim 1, wherein the AP ID, index or BSS index assigned to the second AP is not assigned to a non-AP station (STA) associated with the first AP, an unassociated non-AP STA that has been allocated a ranging session identifier (RSID) or another coordinated AP.4.The method of Claim 1, wherein the performing of the multi-AP negotiation further comprises receiving an assignment of a corresponding AP ID or index or BSS index by the second AP as a coordinated or shared AP of the second AP.5.The method of Claim 1, further comprising:performing, by the processor, another multi-AP coordination negotiation with a third AP to establish another coordination agreement to form a first AP-centered group,wherein the first AP functions as a coordinating or sharing AP of the first AP-centered group, andwherein the second AP and the third AP function as coordinated or shared APs of the first AP-centered group.6.The method of Claim 1, further comprising:indicate, by the processor, an identifier of the first AP for the second AP as the coordinated or shared AP to identify the first AP as the coordinating or sharing AP,wherein the identifier comprises a specific medium access control (MAC) address or basic service set identifier (BSSID) .7.The method of Claim 6, wherein the specific BSSID comprises a BSSID corresponding to the first AP or a transmitted BSSID of a multiple BSSID set to which the first AP belongs.8.The method of Claim 1, further comprising:obtaining, by the processor, a transmission opportunity (TXOP) ; andsharing, by the processor, the TXOP with the second AP as part of a coordinated transmission.9.The method of Claim 8, wherein the sharing of the TXOP comprises transmitting a frame to trigger the second AP to participate in the coordinated transmission, and wherein the transmitting of the frame comprises transmitting the frame with a BSSID of the first AP or a transmitted basic service set identifier (BSSID) of a multiple BSSID set to which the first AP belongs as a transmitter address (TA) in the transmitted frame.10.The method of Claim 8, wherein the sharing of the TXOP comprises transmitting a frame to trigger the second AP to participate in the coordinated transmission, and wherein the transmitting of the frame comprises transmitting the frame with a User Info field indicating the AP ID or index or BSS index corresponding to the second AP assigned by the first AP in the transmitted frame.11.The method of Claim 1, further comprising:announcing, by the processor, a support of one or more coordination operations in one or more beacon frames or other management frames.12.The method of Claim 10, wherein the one or more coordination operations comprise one or more of coordinated time division multiple access (C-TDMA) , coordinated space reuse (Co-SR) , and coordinated beamforming (Co-BF or C-BF) .13.The method of Claim 1, further comprising:discovering, by the processor, that the second AP supports a coordination operation based on a capability announcement of the second AP,wherein the performing of the multi-AP coordination negotiation comprises performing the multi-AP coordination negotiation to establish the coordination agreement responsive to discovering that the second AP supports the coordination operation.14.A method, comprising:transmitting, by a processor of a second access point (AP) , one or more beacon frames or other management frames to announce a support of a coordination operation; andreceiving, by the processor, a request from a first AP to establish a coordination agreement responsive to transmitting the one or more beacon frames or other management frames.15.The method of Claim 14, further comprising:performing, by the processor, a multi-AP coordination negotiation to establish the coordination agreement with the first AP,wherein the first AP functions as a coordinating or sharing AP of the second AP, andwherein the second AP functions as a coordinated or shared AP of the first AP.16.The method of Claim 15, wherein the performing of the multi-AP coordination negotiation comprises receiving an assignment of an AP identifier (AP ID) or index or basic service set (BSS) index from the first AP, and wherein a value of the AP ID, index or BSS index is within an association identifier (AID) space of the first AP.17.The method of Claim 14, further comprising:performing, by the processor, a multi-AP coordination negotiation to establish the coordination agreement with the first AP,wherein the second AP functions as a coordinating or sharing AP of the first AP, andwherein the first AP functions as a coordinated or shared AP of the second AP.18.The method of Claim 17, wherein the performing of the multi-AP coordination negotiation comprises assigning an AP identifier (AP ID) or index or basic service set (BSS) index to the first AP, and wherein a value of the AP ID, index or BSS index is within an association identifier (AID) space of the second AP.19.The method of Claim 14, further comprising:performing, by the processor, another multi-AP coordination negotiation with a third AP to establish another coordination agreement to form a second AP-centered group,wherein the second AP functions as a coordinating or sharing AP of the second AP-centered group, andwherein the first and third AP functions as coordinated or shared APs of the second AP-centered group.20.The method of Claim 14, further comprising:receiving, by the processor, an identifier of the first AP for the second AP as the coordinated / shared AP to identify the first AP as the coordinating / sharing AP, wherein the identifier is a specific MAC address or basic service set identifier (BSSID) .21.The method of Claim 14, further comprising:receiving, by the processor, a frame from the first AP triggering the second AP to participate in a coordinated transmission.22.The method of Claim 21, wherein the receiving of the frame comprises receiving the frame with a BSSID of the first AP or a transmitted basic service set identifier (BSSID) of a multiple BSSID set to which the first AP belongs as a transmitter address (TA) in the received frame.23.The method of Claim 21, wherein the receiving of the frame comprises receiving the frame with a User Info field indicating the AP ID or index or BSS index corresponding to the second AP assigned by the first AP in the received frame.24.The method of Claim 14, further comprising:receiving, by the processor, one or more beacon frames or other management frames from a neighbor AP announcing a support of one or more coordination operations.25.The method of Claim 24, wherein the one or more coordination operations comprise one or more of coordinated time division multiple access (C-TDMA) , coordinated space reuse (Co-SR) , and coordinated beamforming (Co-BF or C-BF) .