Lamp cover made of a lattice structure

Abstract

The invention relates to a lampshade made of a grid structure. The grid structure is formed from several grid elements (3). Each grid element (3) has a central axis (7) extending perpendicularly to an enclosing surface (6) of the grid structure through a center of gravity (5) of the grid element (3). The central axes (7) of the grid elements are oriented such that they each extend along a preferred viewing direction (8) through the respective grid element (3), so that cavities (9) enclosed by the grid elements (3) allow light to pass through along the preferred viewing direction (8) and appear opaque from significantly different viewing directions.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a lampshade made of a grid structure, wherein the grid structure is formed from several grid elements, each grid element having a central axis passing through a center of gravity of the grid element perpendicular to an envelope of the grid structure.

[0002] Lampshades made of grid structures or perforated materials are known from the prior art. Such lampshades are frequently used to create interesting light and shadow effects, but they are generally isotropic, meaning the grid elements are arranged without a preferred viewing direction. This results in light being transmitted uniformly in all directions, without any targeted control of the optical properties. Some known approaches attempt to achieve different degrees of light transmission by varying the shape, size, or spacing of the grid elements. These variations are usually achieved by adjusting the geometry or the material thickness. Thinner or smaller grid elements can transmit more light, while thicker or larger elements reduce light transmission.However, these techniques do not allow for targeted control of opacity or light transmission depending on a preferred viewing direction. Furthermore, conventional solutions lack the ability to create abrupt transitions between transparent and opaque appearances, which is particularly disadvantageous for applications with higher aesthetic or functional requirements.

[0003] The object of the invention is seen as being to further develop lampshades known from the prior art.

[0004] This problem is solved according to the invention by aligning the central axes of the grid elements such that they each run along a preferred viewing direction through the respective grid element, so that cavities enclosed by the grid elements transmit light along the preferred viewing direction and appear opaque from significantly different viewing directions. This configuration enables targeted control of light transmission and opacity, which supports both functional and aesthetic applications in lighting systems.

[0005] According to the invention, the clear dimension in a cross-sectional area of ​​each grid element parallel to the enveloping surface is at most twice as large as the depth of the grid element perpendicular to the enveloping surface in the area of ​​the grid element. The smaller the cavities enclosed by the grid elements are in relation to the depth of the grid elements, the more restricted the view through the grid elements is, deviating from the preferred viewing direction.

[0006] According to the invention, the grid structure can be designed in the form of a conical or hyperboloid body. A conical body has a base with a larger diameter and tapers uniformly towards a point. In a lampshade, the conical shape enables targeted light direction, as light rays from a central light source are scattered outwards along the cone's surface. Advantageously, this results in a uniform light distribution to the surroundings, particularly when the grid elements are arranged along the cone's lateral surface in such a way that they transmit light along the preferred viewing direction. At the same time, opacity from other directions is maintained, since the cavities in the grid elements act as optical blocks in these directions.

[0007] In contrast, a hyperboloid shape is characterized by a curved, elegant geometry created by two opposing curvatures. Such a structure can be represented as a solid of revolution, where the surface consists of asymptotic lines that appear optically as interlocking lattice elements. This geometric form is particularly aesthetically pleasing because it appears both dynamic and stable. Advantageously, hyperboloid lattice structures can enable uniform light distribution along the curved surface. The light rays are not only scattered outwards but can also be focused or directed in specific directions by the curvature of the structure.At the same time, the crossed grid elements, which are aligned along the preferred viewing direction, create almost complete opacity from different viewing angles, making the structure both functionally and visually special.

[0008] These two shapes offer distinct advantages for the design and function of a lampshade. While the conical shape provides a classic and functional form for even illumination, the hyperboloid structure can serve as a modern and striking design approach. The choice of shape can depend on the application and aesthetic requirements. For example, a conical lampshade might be used in a functional work environment, while a hyperboloid lampshade is used in representative or decorative settings. Both shapes can be efficiently manufactured using additive manufacturing methods, ensuring the precise alignment of the grid elements.

[0009] According to the invention, the grid structure is made of an opaque material. Advantageously, this ensures that the light transmission is controlled exclusively by the cavities of the grid elements. Examples of suitable materials are opaque plastics, metals, or ceramics that offer high strength and durability and are suitable for various manufacturing techniques.

[0010] According to the invention, the cavities of the grid structure can be shaped such that the transition from light transmission to opacity occurs abruptly when the viewing angle changes. Advantageously, this achieves a clear optical effect that is particularly aesthetically pleasing for applications in architecture or product design. For example, cavities can be designed with sharp edges or specific opening angles to enhance this effect.

[0011] According to the invention, the cavities of the grid structure can be shaped and oriented such that they selectively transmit light along a preferred viewing direction, while blocking light from significantly different viewing directions. This is achieved through the precise geometry of the cavities. For example, trapezoidal or rectangular cavities can be used according to the invention, in which the grid walls of the cavity focus the light propagation in a specific direction. Alternatively, elliptical or circular cavities can be used to enable softer light distribution.

[0012] The abrupt switch from translucency to opacity is achieved by limiting the light through the grid walls of the cavities. These grid walls are designed to allow light to pass through in a clearly defined direction, while blocking it in other directions. The shape and depth of the cavities play a crucial role here: Deeper cavities intensify the effect of the abrupt transition, as the light is more focused and the blockage is more complete at different viewing angles. Shallower cavities, on the other hand, offer a softer transition, which can be advantageous for applications requiring less privacy.

[0013] Advantageously, this design allows for a clear optical effect that is particularly aesthetically pleasing for applications in architecture or product design. Rectangular or trapezoidal cavities can create sharp light edges and shadows, while elliptical or round cavities offer softer light gradients. This variability allows the optical properties of the lampshade to be adapted to different functional and aesthetic requirements. For example, a lampshade with rectangular cavities could be used in a modern architectural setting, while elliptical cavities might be preferred for decorative lighting applications.

[0014] This abrupt change from translucency to opacity is not merely an aesthetic feature, but also offers functional advantages. It can be used in privacy screens, light-directing systems, or optical filters where precise control of light transmission is required. The precise shaping of the cavities and their alignment along the preferred viewing direction allow for versatile adjustment of the lampshade's light and shadow characteristics.

[0015] Advantageously, the grid structure can be coated with a light-reflecting or opaque layer to allow for targeted light direction. Examples include metallized or ceramic coatings, which improve light output or allow the lampshade to be used as a reflector.

[0016] According to the invention, the grid elements can be elliptical or polygonal along the preferred viewing direction to selectively enhance the desired light transmission. The shape of the grid elements plays a crucial role in the light guidance and the optical effect of the grid structure. In particular, the geometry of the grid elements influences how the light is guided through the cavities of the grid structure in the preferred viewing direction.

[0017] Elliptical grid elements are characterized by their curved, symmetrical shape, which allows for even light distribution. The gentle curvature of the elliptical contours diffuses the light uniformly, resulting in a soft light distribution along the preferred viewing direction. This characteristic makes elliptical grid elements particularly suitable for applications where pleasant, glare-free light is desired, such as in living spaces, restaurants, or decorative lighting systems. Furthermore, the elliptical shape, with its smooth transitions, can create a harmonious overall appearance that blends seamlessly into both modern and classic design concepts.

[0018] Polygonal grid elements, such as those with triangular, rectangular, or polygonal cross-sections, produce sharper optical effects. The straight edges and acute angles of these shapes direct the light in defined directions, creating precise light edges or shadows. This characteristic makes polygonal grid elements particularly advantageous for technical applications, such as directional lighting or effect lighting in architectural installations. Furthermore, complex polygonal shapes, such as hexagonal or octagonal elements, can be used to create unique light patterns that are aesthetically pleasing and make the lampshade a central design element.

[0019] Advantageously, the choice between elliptical and polygonal shapes can be tailored to the specific requirements of the lighting application. For example, elliptical grid elements could be used in a lampshade for general room lighting to create even and pleasant light, while polygonal grid elements could be used in accent lighting or as part of decorative luminaires to create dynamic plays of light and shadow.

[0020] The shape of the grid elements can be further enhanced by their size, depth, and arrangement to amplify the optical effect. For example, elliptical grid elements in a deeper version could be used to focus the light more intensely, while flat polygonal grid elements allow for wider light diffusion. This variability offers great flexibility in the design of the lampshade and makes it possible to combine different requirements within a single grid structure.

[0021] In addition, elliptical and polygonal grid elements can be combined in a lampshade to create both soft light gradients and sharp light edges. For example, elliptical grid elements in the upper area of ​​a lampshade could provide a soft light distribution, while polygonal grid elements in the lower area could be used for targeted light direction or decorative effects. This combination of different shapes significantly expands the range of applications for the invention.

[0022] By using modern manufacturing methods such as 3D printing or precision milling, elliptical and polygonal shapes can be produced with high accuracy. This ensures not only the optical quality of the lattice structure, but also its mechanical stability and durability.

[0023] According to the invention, the grid elements of the grid structure can be of different sizes and / or shapes. The size and shape of the grid elements directly influence the light transmission and opacity of the grid structure and offer a versatile way to specifically adjust the optical properties of the lampshade. The variations can be applied systematically or irregularly along the surface of the lampshade to meet specific lighting or design requirements.

[0024] Larger grid elements offer the advantage of increased light transmission, as the spaces between them are larger and allow more light to pass through. These larger grid elements can be positioned in areas of the lampshade where a stronger light output is desired, for example, to illuminate specific areas or create accent lighting. Conversely, smaller grid elements can be used to achieve greater opacity, as the smaller spaces allow less light to pass through and create a more closed-off appearance. This feature is particularly useful in areas requiring privacy or targeted light blockage.

[0025] The shape of the grid elements offers another level of customization. Round or elliptical grid elements create soft light gradients and are particularly suitable for applications where even light distribution is desired. Angular grid elements, such as rectangular or polygonal shapes, can create sharper shadows and clearly defined light zones, which is advantageous for decorative or technical applications. Furthermore, more complex geometries, such as curved or asymmetrical shapes, can create unique aesthetic effects that make the lampshade a visual highlight.

[0026] Advantageously, the variations in size and shape of the grid elements can also be used in combination to meet specific optical or functional requirements. For example, larger, round grid elements could be arranged in the upper half of a lampshade to ensure a soft and wide light distribution, while smaller, angular grid elements in the lower half provide targeted light direction or opacity. Such combinations allow the lampshade to be optimized both functionally and aesthetically.

[0027] These variations can be efficiently implemented using modern manufacturing methods such as 3D printing or precise mechanical processes. These techniques allow for the production of grid elements with individually tailored sizes and shapes within a single grid structure, without additional assembly steps. This not only increases design flexibility but also ensures the structural integrity of the lampshade.

[0028] According to the invention, the material thickness of a grid wall forming the grid element can vary, thus varying the distances between the cavities of the grid elements. The grid wall that defines the grid element is the boundary structure that determines the shape and dimensions of the grid element. By selectively varying the material thickness of these grid walls, the distance between adjacent cavities can be adjusted without altering the fundamental geometry of the grid elements themselves. This allows for precise control of light transmission and opacity along the surface of the lampshade.

[0029] Advantageously, thicker grid walls allow for an increased distance between the cavities, thereby reducing light transmission in that area, as the wider grid walls block more surface area. Conversely, in areas where greater light transmission is desired, the grid walls can be made thinner, allowing the cavities to be closer together and more light to pass through. This adjustment of material thickness offers an additional design dimension that can be implemented regardless of the shape or size of the grid elements.

[0030] For example, a lampshade could be made with thinner grid walls in the upper section to achieve higher light transmission, while thicker grid walls could be used in the lower section to provide greater opacity or more targeted light direction. This variation in material thickness can be distributed continuously or in sections across the grid structure, creating both smooth transitions and sharply defined optical zones.

[0031] The thickness of the grid wall affects not only its optical properties but also the mechanical stability of the grid structure. Targeted reinforcements in areas of higher stress can improve the structural integrity of the lampshade without compromising the desired optical effect. Such variations in material thickness can be efficiently and precisely achieved using modern manufacturing methods, particularly additive processes like 3D printing.

[0032] Advantageously, the grid walls of the grid elements can have a round or square cross-section. A round cross-section offers soft light refraction and is particularly suitable for applications where uniform light emission is desired. A square or rectangular cross-section, on the other hand, can produce sharper optical edges and shadows, which is advantageous for decorative or technically demanding applications. The choice of cross-section can be made according to the desired light distribution and aesthetic design. Both cross-sectional shapes can be precisely manufactured using additive manufacturing methods or mechanical processes.

[0033] According to the invention, the grid structure can be manufactured in one piece. Advantageously, this achieves high stability and a seamless design, which improves both the functionality and the aesthetics of the lampshade.

[0034] Advantageously, the lattice structure can be produced using an additive manufacturing process. Examples include 3D printing, which enables the precise and economical production of complex structures. In particular, additive processes allow lattice structures with varying geometries and material thicknesses to be manufactured in a single production step.

[0035] Further advantageous embodiments are explained in more detail with reference to an exemplary embodiment shown in the drawing.

[0036] It shows: Figure 1 a schematically illustrated view of a lampshade according to the invention and Figure 2 an excerpt from the in Figure 1 lampshade shown.

[0037] The figures schematically depict a lampshade 1. The lampshade 1 consists of a grid structure 2, which is formed from several grid elements 3. Each grid element 3 is bounded by grid walls 4.

[0038] Each grid element 3 has a central axis 7 extending through a centroid 5 of the grid element 3 perpendicular to an envelope 6 of the grid structure 2, each axis being oriented such that it runs along a preferred viewing direction 8 through the respective grid element 3. In this way, the cavities 9 enclosed by the grid elements 3 allow light to pass through along the preferred viewing direction 8 and appear opaque from significantly different viewing directions.

[0039] The grid walls 4 are designed such that a clear dimension 1 in a cross-sectional area of ​​each grid element 3 parallel to the enveloping wall 6 is at most twice as large as a depth d of the grid element 3 perpendicular to the enveloping wall 6 in the area of ​​the grid element 3.

[0040] The figures show examples of several similar elements marked with a reference symbol.

Claims

1. Lampshade (1) made of a grid structure (2), wherein the grid structure (2) is formed from several grid elements (3), each grid element (3) having a central axis (7) passing through a center of gravity (5) of the grid element (3) perpendicular to an envelope (6) of the grid structure (2), characterized by the fact that the central axes (7) of the grid elements are aligned such that they each run along a preferred viewing direction (8) through the respective grid element (3), so that cavities (9) enclosed by the grid elements (3) allow light to pass through along the preferred viewing direction (8) and appear opaque from strongly different viewing directions.

2. Lampshade (1) according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that a clear dimension 1 in a cross-sectional area parallel to the envelope (6) of each grid element (3) is at most twice as large as a depth d of the grid element (3) perpendicular to the envelope (6) in the area of ​​the grid element (3).

3. Lampshade (1) according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the lattice structure (2) is formed in the form of a conical or hyperboloid body.

4. Lampshade (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the grid structure (2) is made of an opaque material.

5. Lampshade (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the cavities (9) of the grid structure (2) are shaped such that the transition from light transmission to opacity occurs abruptly when the viewing angle is changed.

6. Lampshade (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the grid structure (2) is provided with a light-reflecting or light-opaque coating to enable targeted light control.

7. Lampshade (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the grid elements (3) are elliptical or polygonal along the preferred viewing direction (8) to enhance the desired light transmission.

8. Lampshade (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the grid elements (3) of the grid structure (2) are of different sizes and / or have different shapes.

9. Lampshade (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the material thickness of a grid wall (4) forming the grid element of the grid elements (3) is different, such that distances between the cavities (8) of the grid elements (3) are varied.

10. Lampshade (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the grid walls (4) of the grid elements (3) have a round or square cross-section.

11. Lampshade (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the grid structure (2) is manufactured in one piece.

12. Lampshade according to claim 10, wherein the grid structure is produced by an additive manufacturing process.

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