Plant-Based Hair Fibers

Abstract

Provided herein are hair fibers and methods of making and using the same. In one aspect, provided herein are hair fibers comprising a core fiber (e.g., a cellulosic core fiber), an outer coating, and a nutritional component. The nutritional component can be added to the hair fiber in a carrier vehicle comprising particles.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0001] This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 221,756, filed July 14, 2021, the entirety of which is incorporated by reference herein. [Background technology]

[0002]

[0002] Hair extensions are a part of everyday life for many women around the world. However, the materials and processes for mass producing such fibers can be a source of skin toxicity for the wearer, plastic pollution in the environment, and human exploitation for the workers who produce these hair extensions. The inventors now recognize that there is a clear need for environmentally sound and safer hair extension alternatives. The present disclosure is directed to this very important objective. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In one aspect, provided herein is a hair fiber comprising a core fiber, an outer coating associated with the core fiber, and a nutritional component associated with the outer coating. In one aspect, provided herein is a hair fiber comprising a cellulosic core comprising a surface modification, and an outer coating. In some embodiments, the outer coating comprises a surface modification affixed to the core fiber. In some embodiments, the outer coating comprises a material affixed to the core fiber. In some embodiments, the outer coating comprises a surface modification. In some embodiments, the core comprises a surface modification. In some embodiments, the outer coating comprises a material affixed to the cellulosic core. In some embodiments, the weight ratio of fiber to outer coating can be about 100:1, 101:1, 105:1, 110:1, 120:1, 130:1, 140:1, 150:1, 160:1, 170:1, 180:1, 190:1, 200:1, or greater than about 200:1. In some embodiments, the surface modification comprises one or more surface accessible end groups selected from the group consisting of carboxylic acid, acetate, acetate butyrate, carbamate, carboxylate, hydroxyl, alcohol, aldehyde, ketone, ester, ether, epoxide, amine, amide, nitrate, nitrite, nitrile, nitro, nitroso, imine, azo, thiol, sulfide, disulfide, sulfoxide, sulfinic acid, sulfonic acid, sulfonate ester, thial, thioketone, and phosphine. In some embodiments, the surface modification comprises one or more surface accessible end groups selected from the group consisting of carboxylic acid, acetate, hydroxyl, acetate butyrate, ester, ether, carbamate, and carboxylate. In some embodiments, the surface modification comprises nutritional ingredients which can include botanical extracts, alcohols, emollients, moisturizers, preservatives, emulsifiers, antimicrobials, stabilizers, lipids, coenzymes, amino acid derivatives, antioxidants, hydrolyzed proteins, proteins, polymers, or combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the outer coating is affixed to the fiber core by covalent bonding or mechanical attachment to one or more surface-accessible end groups.In some embodiments, the cellulosic core fiber is a regenerated fiber. In some embodiments, the cellulosic core comprises fiber derived from a plant. In some embodiments, the fiber derived from a plant is derived from cellulose, banana, pineapple, phragmites, sisal, cotton, kapok, jute, flax, hemp, ramie, kenaf, Manila hemp, henequen, palm, roselle, sunn, bontenca, cantara, maguey, phormium, seaweed, akundu fluff, sugarcane pomace, ficu, bamboo, coir, sunhemp, milkweed fluff, or bottle gooseberry. In some embodiments, the outer coating comprises one or more layers of material. In some embodiments, the outer coating comprises one or more layers of polymer. In some embodiments, the polymer layer comprises modacrylic, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyester, acrylonitrile, polyvinyl sulfate, polyvinyl sulfonate, keratin, chitin, nylon, siloxane, or combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the outer coating provides at least one human hair-like attribute selected from the group consisting of strength, thermal stability, flame retardancy, sheen gloss, texture, elasticity, smoothness, body, and softness. In some embodiments, the outer coating further comprises a nutritional component. In some embodiments, the nutritional component comprises antimicrobial activity. In some embodiments, the nutritional component comprises one or more of essential oils, metals, plant extracts, plant oils, proteins, and peptides. In some embodiments, the nutritional component is comprised in a controlled release particle, such as a cyclodextrin particle, a hydrogel, a sol-gel, a liposomal structure, or a halloysite nanotube. In some embodiments, the nutritional component is encapsulated in the particle. In some embodiments, the nutritional component is comprised in a carrier vehicle. In some embodiments, the particle comprises a cyclodextrin or a hydrogel. In some embodiments, at least a portion of the nutritional ingredients are embedded within the outer coating material. In some embodiments, the nutritional ingredients are released over time. In some embodiments, 80% by weight of the nutritional ingredients are released over 48 hours after the hair fiber is applied to an individual.In some embodiments, the nutritional ingredients are released in response to pH, temperature, physical manipulation, or moisture or humidity levels. In some embodiments, the hair fibers have a strength of about 115 MPa to about 315 MPa. In some embodiments, the tensile strength of the hair fibers is 10. -4 s -1 In some embodiments, the tensile strength of the hair fiber is tested at 20° C. and 20% relative humidity. In some embodiments, the hair fiber has a strength of at least 150 MPa. In some embodiments, the hair fiber maintains at least 80% of its tensile strength at 250° F., 300° F., 350° F., 400° F., or 450° F. In some embodiments, the hair fiber is dyed or colored during processing of the fiber core. In some embodiments, the hair fiber is black, brown, blonde, red, orange, yellow, green, blue, violet, pink, white, or gray. In some embodiments, the cellulosic core has a strength of 110 MPa to 1980 MPa. In some embodiments, the cellulosic core has a strength of 115 MPa to 400 MPa. In some embodiments, the cellulosic core is dyed or colored. In some embodiments, the cellulosic core is black, brown, blonde, red, orange, yellow, green, blue, violet, pink, white, or gray. In one aspect, the hair extension comprises a hair fiber.

[0004] In one aspect, provided herein is a wig comprising the hair fiber described herein.

[0005]

[0005] In one aspect, provided herein is a hair switch comprising a hair fiber as described herein.

[0006] In one aspect, provided herein is a coating for hair fibers comprising an outer coating material and a nutritional component. In some embodiments, at least a portion of the nutritional component is embedded within or associated with the outer coating material. In some embodiments, the outer coating material comprises one or more of a polymer, a conditioning agent, and an antistatic agent. In some embodiments, the outer coating material comprises one or more conditioning agents. In some embodiments, the conditioning agent comprises cetyl alcohol, cetearyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, stearamidopropylamine, behenyltrimonium chloride, PPG3 caprylyl ether, polyester-11, PEG-40 hydrogenated castor oil, PEG-15 cocopolyamine, glycerol, glycerin, argan oil, hydrolyzed protein, amodimethicone, bis-aminopropyl dimethicone, dimethicone, cetyl esters, avocado oil, soybean oil, jojoba oil, macadamia oil, almond oil, olive oil, sesame oil, rose oil, shea butter, or coconut oil. In some embodiments, the outer coating material comprises one or more antistatic agents. In some embodiments, the antistatic agent is a long chain (e.g., C9-C 36 or C 12 -C 12 ) Aliphatic amines, long chain (e.g., C9-C 36 or C 12 -C 12) fatty amides, quaternary ammonium salts, silicones, ceramides, or combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the antistatic agent comprises behentrimonium chloride, cocamidopropyl betaine, esters of phosphoric acid, polyethylene glycol esters, polyethylene glycol polyols, ethoxylated amines, glycerol monostearate, apricotamidopropyl ethyldimonium ethosulfate, apricotamidopropyl ethyldimonium lactate, cocamidopropyl ethyldimonium ethosulfate, cocamidopropyl ethyldimonium lactate, lauramidopropyl ethyldimonium ethosulf ... The outer coating material may comprise one or more of the following: pyrethyldimonium lactate, linoleamidopropyl ethyldimonium ethosulfate, linoleamidopropyl ethyldimonium lactate, myristamidopropyl ethyldimonium ethosulfate, myristamidopropyl ethyldimonium lactate, oleamidopropyl ethyldimonium ethosulfate, oleamidopropyl ethyldimonium lactate, steamidopropyl ethyldimonium ethosulfate, stearamidopropyl ethyldimonium lactate, or combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the outer coating material comprises one or more polymers. In some embodiments, the polymer comprises modacrylic, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyester, acrylonitrile, polyvinyl sulfate, polyvinyl sulfonate, keratin, chitin, nylon, siloxane, or combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the nutritional ingredient comprises one or more of essential oils, metals, plant extracts, plant oils, proteins, and peptides. In some embodiments, the nutritional ingredients are contained in controlled release particles such as cyclodextrin particles, hydrogels, sol-gels, liposomal structures, or halloysite nanotubes. In some embodiments, the nutritional ingredients are released over time. In some embodiments, the nutritional ingredients are released in response to pH, temperature, physical manipulation, or moisture or humidity levels. In one aspect, the hair fiber comprises a coating and a core fiber. In some embodiments, the core fiber is a cellulosic core fiber.In some embodiments, the core fiber is a plant-derived fiber from banana, pineapple, reed, sisal, cotton, kapok, jute, flax, hemp, ramie, kenaf, Manila hemp, henequen, palm, roselle, Indian hemp, Bontenca, Cantara, Maguey, Maolan, seaweed, akundu fluff, sugarcane pomace, ficu, bamboo, coir, sunhemp, milkweed fluff, or bottle gooseberry. In some embodiments, the core fiber is derived from cellulose. In some embodiments, the core fiber comprises a bio-based synthetic fiber. In some embodiments, the bio-based synthetic fiber is a starch-based, cellulose-based, protein-based, lipid-derived polymer, genetically modified feedstock-derived, bio-derived polyethylene, polyhydroxyalkanoate, polyhydroxyurethane, polylactic acid, poly-3-hydroxybutyrate, or polyamide 11. In some embodiments, the core fiber comprises a synthetic material.

[0007] In one aspect, provided herein is a method for producing a hair fiber, the method comprising obtaining a core fiber; and applying a nutritional component to the core fiber. In one aspect, provided herein is a method for producing a hair fiber, the method comprising performing a chemical surface treatment on a cellulosic fiber to produce a surface-modified core fiber, and coating the core fiber with a polymer composition comprising one or more reactive groups to obtain a hair fiber. In some embodiments, the method comprises exposing the core fiber to a dye to obtain a dyed core fiber. In some embodiments, exposing the hair fiber to a dye to obtain a dyed or colored hair fiber. In some embodiments, the one or more reactive groups in the polymer composition are covalently bonded or mechanically attached to the surface-modified core fiber. In some embodiments, the surface-modified core fiber comprises a surface-accessible end group. In some embodiments, the one or more reactive groups in the polymer composition react with a surface-accessible end group of the core fiber. In some embodiments, the surface modification comprises one or more surface-accessible end groups selected from the group consisting of carboxylic acid, acetate, acetate butyrate, carbamate, carboxylate, hydroxyl, alcohol, aldehyde, ketone, ester, ether, epoxide, amine, amide, nitrate, nitrite, nitrile, nitro, nitroso, imine, azo, thiol, sulfide, disulfide, sulfoxide, sulfinic acid, sulfonic acid, sulfonic acid ester, thial, thioketone, and phosphine. In some embodiments, the surface modification comprises one or more surface-accessible end groups selected from the group consisting of carboxylic acid, acetate, hydroxyl, acetate butyrate, ester, ether, carbamate, and carboxylate. In some embodiments, the outer coating is secured to the fiber core (e.g., cellulosic core) by covalent bonding or mechanical attachment to one or more surface-accessible end groups. In some embodiments, the cellulosic core comprises a fiber derived from a plant.In some embodiments, the plant-derived fibers are derived from banana, pineapple, reed, sisal, cotton, kapok, jute, flax, hemp, ramie, kenaf, Manila hemp, henequen, palm, roselle, Indian hemp, Bontenca, Cantara, Magey, Phormium, seaweed, akundu fluff, sugarcane pomace, ficu, bamboo, coir, sunhemp, milkweed fluff, or bottle gooseberry. In some embodiments, the outer coating comprises one or more layers of material. In some embodiments, the outer coating comprises one or more polymer layers. In some embodiments, the one or more polymer layers comprise modacrylic, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyester, acrylonitrile, polyvinyl sulfate, polyvinyl sulfonate, keratin, chitin, nylon, siloxane, silicone, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the outer coating provides at least one human hair-like attribute selected from the group consisting of strength, thermal stability, flame retardancy, sheen gloss, texture, elasticity, smoothness, body, and softness. In some embodiments, the outer coating further comprises a nutritional component. In some embodiments, the nutritional component comprises one or more of an essential oil, a metal, a plant extract, a plant oil, a protein, a lipid, or a peptide, a hydrolyzed protein, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the nutritional component is contained in a controlled release particle, such as a cyclodextrin particle, a hydrogel, a sol-gel, a liposomal structure, or a halloysite nanotube. In some embodiments, the nutritional component is encapsulated in the particle. In some embodiments, the particle comprises a cyclodextrin or a hydrogel. In some embodiments, at least a portion of the nutritional component is embedded or associated within the outer coating material. In some embodiments, the nutritional component is released over time. In some embodiments, at least 80% by weight of the nutritional component is released over a 48 hour period after the hair fiber is applied to an individual. In some embodiments, the nutritional ingredients are released in response to pH, temperature, physical manipulation, moisture or humidity levels, or combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the hair fibers have a strength of about 115 MPa to about 315 MPa.In some embodiments, the hair fiber has a strength of at least 150 MPa. In some embodiments, the hair fiber maintains at least 80% of its tensile strength at 250°F, 300°F, 350°F, 400°F, or 450°F. In some embodiments, the hair fiber is dyed or colored during processing of the fiber core. In some embodiments, the hair fiber is black, brown, blonde, red, orange, yellow, green, blue, violet, pink, white, or gray. In some embodiments, the cellulosic core has a strength of 110 MPa to 1980 MPa. In some embodiments, the cellulosic core has a strength of 115 MPa to 315 MPa. In some embodiments, the tensile strength of the core fiber is 10. -4 s -1 In some embodiments, the tensile strength of the core fiber is tested at a strain rate of 20° C. and 20% relative humidity. In some embodiments, the cellulosic core is dyed or colored. In some embodiments, the cellulosic core is black, brown, blonde, red, orange, yellow, green, blue, violet, pink, white, or gray. In one aspect, the hair extension comprises a hair fiber.

[0008]

[0008] In one aspect, the present specification provides a hair fiber comprising: (i) a core fiber; (ii) an outer coating associated with the core fiber; and (iii) a nutritional component associated with the outer coating; said hair fiber produced by a method comprising: (a) obtaining a core fiber; (b) optionally coating the core fiber with an outer coating to obtain a hair fiber comprising a coated core fiber, the outer coating optionally comprising one or more reactive groups; and (c) applying a nutritional component to the core fiber.

[0009] In some embodiments, nutritional ingredients are applied to the coated core fiber.

[0010] In some embodiments, the method includes applying nutritional ingredients to the hair fiber in a solution. In some embodiments, the nutritional ingredients are dissolved in the solution at about 0.5% to 10% by weight. In some embodiments, the nutritional ingredients are applied to the hair fiber at a temperature of about 20° C. to about 60° C. In some embodiments, the nutritional ingredients are applied to the hair fiber in a carrier vehicle. In some embodiments, steps (b) and (c) are performed simultaneously. In some embodiments, the core fiber is present in the hair fiber in an amount ranging from about 90% to about 99.9% by weight. In some embodiments, the nutritional ingredients are present in the hair fiber in an amount ranging from about 0.5% to about 10% by weight.

[0011]

[0011] In one aspect, provided herein is a hair extension comprising a hair fiber as described herein.

[0012] In one aspect, provided herein is a wig comprising the hair fiber described herein.

[0013]

[0013] In one aspect, provided herein is a hair switch comprising a hair fiber as described herein. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0014]

[0014] The novel features of the present disclosure are set forth with particularity in the appended claims. A better understanding of the features and advantages of the present disclosure will be obtained by reference to the following detailed description that sets forth illustrative embodiments, in which the principles of the disclosure are utilized, and the accompanying drawings (also referred to herein as "Figure" and "FIG."): [Figure 1]

[0015] FIG. 1 shows an example of a fiber attached to a tin card mount. [Diagram 2]

[0016] FIG. 2 shows an example of concentration vs. absorbance results for Trichogen VEG UL 9922. [Diagram 3]

[0017] FIG. 3 shows exemplary spectrophotometric results for absorbance over time for modacrylic fibers coated with a nutrient coating. [Figure 4]

[0018] FIG. 4 shows exemplary spectrophotometric results for the release of Trichogen VEG UL 9922 from a nutrient coating applied to modacrylic fiber. [Diagram 5]

[0019] FIG. 5 shows exemplary spectrophotometric results for absorbance over time of banana fiber coated with a nutritional coating. [Figure 6]

[0020] FIG. 6 shows exemplary spectrophotometric results for the release of Trichogen VEG UL 9922 from nutritional coating applied on banana fiber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0015]

[0021] Certain specific details of this description are described to provide a thorough understanding of the various aspects. However, one skilled in the art will understand that the present disclosure can be practiced without these details. In other instances, well-known structures and / or methods have not been shown or described in detail to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the description of the aspects. Unless otherwise required by context, throughout the specification and the claims that follow, the word "comprise" and variations thereof, such as "comprises" and "comprising," should be interpreted in an open and inclusive sense, i.e., "including, but not limited to." Furthermore, the headings provided herein are for convenience only and do not describe the scope or meaning of the claimed disclosure. The paragraph headings used herein are for organizational purposes only and should not be interpreted to limit the subject matter described.

[0016]

[0022] As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" include plural referents unless the content clearly dictates otherwise. It should also be noted that the term "or" is generally used in its sense to include "and / or" unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.

[0017]

[0023] The term "optionally" or "optionally" means that the subsequently described event or circumstance may occur, but does not necessarily occur, and the description encompasses instances where the event or circumstance occurs and instances where it does not occur.

[0018]

[0024] The term "about" means within ±10% of a numerical value. For example, if it is stated that the strength is "about 100 MPa," it is suggested that the strength may be between 90 MPa and 110 MPa.

[0019]

[0025] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this disclosure belongs.Methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in carrying out or testing this disclosure, and suitable methods and materials are described below.All references cited herein are incorporated by reference in their entirety as if fully set forth.

[0020] Hair Fiber

[0026] In one aspect, described herein is a hair fiber comprising a core fiber and an outer coating. In some embodiments, the hair fiber disclosed herein comprises a core fiber, an outer coating associated with the core fiber, and a nutritional component associated with the outer coating. In one aspect, described herein is a hair extension comprising the hair fiber. In one aspect, described herein is a wig comprising the hair fiber. In one aspect, described herein is a hair piece comprising the hair fiber. The core fiber can be a cellulosic core fiber. The core fiber can be a plant-based fiber. The core fiber can also be a synthetic fiber. In some embodiments, the core fiber is a regenerated fiber. In some embodiments, the core fiber is a cellulosic core comprising a surface modification. In some embodiments, the outer coating comprises a material that is affixed to the core fiber. The hair fiber optionally comprises a nutritional component. In some embodiments, the nutritional component is partially or completely embedded or encapsulated in the outer coating.

[0021]

[0027] The hair fibers described herein can have a human hair-like tensile strength, for example, in the range of about 115 MPa to about 315 MPa. In some embodiments, the tensile strength of the hair fiber is about 10 MPa to about 2000 MPa. In some embodiments, the tensile strength of the hair fiber is about 50 MPa to about 1000 MPa, about 75 MPa to about 750 MPa, about 100 MPa to about 500 MPa, about 125 MPa to about 300 MPa, or about 150 MPa to about 250 MPa. In some embodiments, the tensile strength of the hair fiber is at least about 50, 75, 100, 125, 150, 200, 250, 300, or 400 MPa. In some embodiments, the tensile strength of the hair fiber is up to about 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 1000, or 1500 MPa. In some embodiments, the tensile strength of the hair fiber is at least about 150 MPa. The tensile strength of a hair fiber is, for example, 10 -4 s -1 ~10 -0 s -1In some embodiments, the tensile strength of the hair fiber can be tested at a range of strain rates of 10 -4 s -1 In some embodiments, the tensile strength of the hair fibers is tested at 20° C. and 20% relative humidity.

[0022]

[0028] The hair fibers described herein can be heat stable, humidity stable, and / or pH stable. In some embodiments, the hair fibers are stable at temperatures up to 450°F. In some embodiments, the hair fibers are stable at temperatures up to 200°F, 300°F, 400°F, 500°F, or 600°F. In some embodiments, the hair fibers maintain at least 80% of their tensile strength at 100°F, 150°F, 200°F, 250°F, 300°F, 350°F, 450°F, or 500°F. In some embodiments, the hair fibers maintain at least 80% of their tensile strength at 450°F. In some embodiments, the hair fibers maintain 60%-100% of their tensile strength at 450°F. In some embodiments, the hair fibers maintain at least 80% of their tensile strength at 300°F. In some embodiments, the hair fiber retains 60%-100% of its tensile strength at 300°F.

[0023]

[0029] The hair fibers can be dyed or colored during the processing of the fiber core. In some embodiments, a coloring agent such as a pigment or dye is added to the hair fiber. The hair fiber can have any suitable color, including all hair colors. In some embodiments, the hair fiber is black, brown, blonde, red, orange, yellow, green, blue, violet, pink, white, or gray. In some embodiments, the hair fiber has more than one color. In some embodiments, the coloring agent is a natural pigment, an inorganic mineral, or a reactive dye.

[0024]

[0030] The hair fibers may further include additives such as flame retardants, heat resistance enhancers, light stabilizers, fluorescent agents, antioxidants, antistatic agents, pigments, dyes, plasticizers, lubricants, etc. In some embodiments, the hair fibers include flame retardants. Representative flame retardants include bromine compounds, halogen compounds, phosphorus-halogen compounds, nitrogen compounds, metal hydroxides, and phosphorus-nitrogen compounds. In some embodiments, the flame retardant is a bromine-based flame retardant. In some embodiments, the flame retardant is a phosphorus-based flame retardant. In some embodiments, the flame retardant is a nitrogen-based flame retardant.

[0025]

[0031] The hair fiber can be worn by a human. In some embodiments, a hairpiece, wig, or hair extension comprising the hair fiber is worn by a human. In some embodiments, the hair fiber is used in the manufacture of a toy.

[0026]

[0032] Fibers can be tested according to the methods described in ASTM D3822. In some embodiments, fiber linear density can be measured according to ASTM D1577. In some embodiments, single fiber specimens can be broken in a tensile tester at a given gauge length and elongation according to ASTM methods.

[0027]

[0033] In some embodiments, tensile strength and elongation properties can be tested for natural and synthetic fibers. In some embodiments, tensile strength and elongation properties can be tested under knot conditions. In some examples, the fibers can be tied into a knot before being attached to the tin card mount. Exemplary tensile strength properties can include peak load, break load, elongation at peak load, elongation at break load, % strain at peak load, % strain at break load, energy to break, fiber modulus, fiber density, and fiber toughness, or combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the calculation method for tensile strength and elongation properties can be performed according to ASTM D3822.

[0028] Method for processing raw plant fibers

[0034] Methods for treating raw plant fibers are described herein. In some embodiments, the core fibers described herein are raw plant fibers. In some embodiments, the core fibers described herein are raw plant fibers. Pre-washing of the fibers can be performed on the fibers. In some embodiments, the raw fibers can be treated (e.g., wetted) by stirring in a solution of water, carbonate, and surfactant. The solution can be at a temperature of at least about 20°C, 30°C, 40°C, 50°C, 60°C, 70°C, 80°C, 90°C, 100°C, or greater than 100°C. In some embodiments, the solution can be at a temperature of up to about 100°C, 90°C, 80°C, 70°C, 60°C, 50°C, 40°C, 30°C, 20°C, or less than 20°C. In some embodiments, the carbonate can be potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, calcium carbonate, or any other metal carbonate. In some embodiments, the surfactant can be a detergent, soap, or shampoo. In some embodiments, the surfactant can be a detergent containing ethoxylated and sulfated fatty alcohols (e.g., Synthrapol®), sodium carbonate (e.g., soda ash), or any other detergent sufficient to remove loose (e.g., not chemically bound) dye particles from attachment to a surface that is not part of the fiber.

[0029]

[0035] In some embodiments, the wet raw fiber, which has been contacted with the solution of water, carbonate, and surfactant, can be contacted with a solution containing a mordant (e.g., a mordant solution). In some embodiments, the mordant can be a material that can be used to fix the dye on the fiber (e.g., a dye fixative). Exemplary mordants can include, but are not limited to, potassium aluminum sulfate, aluminum acetate, calcium acetate, or sodium acetate. Exemplary mordants further include tannic acid, sodium chloride, and salts of aluminum, chromium, copper, iron, iodine, potassium, sodium, and tin. In some embodiments, the mordant can be an ionic material that can form a coordination complex with the dye molecule (e.g., Retayne®, Raycafix®, Dyefix®, Dharma Dye® fixatives). The mordant-containing solution can be configured to contain at least about 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 40%, 50%, or more than 50% mordant by weight per gallon of water. The mordant-containing solution can be configured to contain up to about 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, or 80% or more than 80% mordant by weight per gallon of water. In some embodiments, the mordant-containing solution can be configured to contain between about 5% and about 10% mordant by weight per gallon of water. The mordant-containing solution can be configured to contain at least about 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 40%, 50%, or more than 50% mordant by weight in solution. The mordant-containing solution can be configured to contain up to about 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, or 80% or more than 80% mordant by weight in solution. The mordant-containing solution can be at a temperature of at least about 20°C, 30°C, 40°C, 50°C, 60°C, 70°C, 80°C, 90°C, 100°C, or more than 100°C.The solution containing the mordant can have a temperature of up to about 20° C., 30° C., 40° C., 50° C., 60° C., 70° C., 80° C., 90° C., 100° C., or greater than 100° C. In some embodiments, the wet raw fiber can be immersed in the mordant solution for at least about 5 minutes (min), 10 minutes, 15 minutes, 20 minutes, 25 minutes, 30 minutes, 35 minutes, 40 minutes, 50 minutes, 60 minutes, 1.5 hours (hr), 2 hours, 3 hours, 4 hours, 5 hours, 10 hours, 24 hours, or more than 24 hours before rinsing. In some embodiments, the wet raw fiber can be contacted in the mordant solution for up to about 5 minutes (min), 10 minutes, 15 minutes, 20 minutes, 25 minutes, 30 minutes, 35 minutes, 40 minutes, 50 minutes, 60 minutes, 1.5 hours (hr), 2 hours, 3 hours, 4 hours, 5 hours, 10 hours, 24 hours, 1 week, 2 weeks, or more than 2 weeks before rinsing.

[0030]

[0036] In some embodiments, the fibers can be contacted with at least about 1%, 3%, 5%, 7%, 10%, 20%, or more than 20% by weight of calcium carbonate solution. In some embodiments, the fibers can be contacted with up to about 20%, 10%, 7%, 5%, 3%, 1%, or less than 1% by weight of calcium carbonate solution. In some embodiments, the fibers can be immersed in the calcium carbonate solution for at least about 1 minute, 3 minutes, 5 minutes, 7 minutes, 10 minutes, 15 minutes, 20 minutes, 25 minutes, 30 minutes, 45 minutes, 60 minutes, or more than 60 minutes before rinsing. In some embodiments, the fibers can be immersed in the calcium carbonate solution for up to about 60 minutes, 45 minutes, 30 minutes, 25 minutes, 20 minutes, 15 minutes, 10 minutes, 7 minutes, 5 minutes, 3 minutes, 1 minute, or less than 1 minute before rinsing. In some embodiments, the fibers can be further contacted with a surfactant for at least about 1 minute, 3 minutes, 5 minutes, 7 minutes, 10 minutes, 15 minutes, 20 minutes, 25 minutes, 30 minutes, 45 minutes, 60 minutes, or more than 60 minutes before rinsing. In some embodiments, the fibers can be further contacted with a surfactant for up to about 60 minutes, 45 minutes, 30 minutes, 25 minutes, 20 minutes, 15 minutes, 10 minutes, 7 minutes, 5 minutes, 3 minutes, 1 minute, or less than 1 minute before rinsing.

[0031]

[0037] In some embodiments, the fibers can be dried. In some embodiments, drying can be done indoors, outdoors, in ambient atmosphere, using a fan, or in an oven. In some embodiments, the oven can be an air-circulating oven. In some embodiments, the fibers can be dried at a temperature of at least about 20° C., 25° C., 30° C., 35° C., 40° C., 45° C., 50° C., 55° C., 60° C., 65° C., 70° C., 75° C., or greater than 75° C. for at least about 1 hour (hr), 3 hours, 5 hours, 10 hours, 15 hours, 20 hours, 24 hours, 30 hours, 40 hours, 48 ​​hours, 72 hours, 96 hours, or greater than 96 hours. In some embodiments, the fibers can be dried at a temperature of up to about 75° C., 70° C., 65° C., 60° C., 55° C., 50° C., 45° C., 40° C., 35° C., 30° C., 25° C., 20° C., or less than 20° C. for at least about 1 hour (hr), 3 hours, 5 hours, 10 hours, 15 hours, 20 hours, 24 hours, 30 hours, 40 hours, 48 ​​hours, 72 hours, 96 hours, or more than 96 hours. In some embodiments, the fibers can be dried at a temperature of about 40° C. to about 60° C. In some embodiments, the fibers can be dried at a temperature of about 50° C.

[0032] Core Fiber

[0038] Provided herein is a hair fiber comprising a core fiber. In some embodiments, the hair fiber disclosed herein comprises a core fiber, an outer coating, and optionally a nutritional component. In some embodiments, the hair fiber disclosed herein comprises a core fiber, an outer coating associated with the core fiber, and a nutritional component associated with the outer coating. In one aspect, provided herein is a hair fiber comprising a cellulosic core comprising a surface modification and an outer coating, the outer coating comprising a material bonded to the cellulosic core. In one aspect, provided herein is a hair fiber comprising a coating and a core fiber, the core fiber can be a cellulosic core fiber, a bio-based synthetic fiber, or a synthetic material. In some embodiments, the core fiber is selected from the group consisting of human hair fiber, animal fiber, synthetic hair fiber, man-made cellulosic fiber, bio-based synthetic fiber, plant-derived fiber, cellulosic fiber, fiber blend, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the core fiber comprises a man-made cellulosic fiber. In some embodiments, the man-made cellulosic fiber comprises viscose, lyocell, modal, cupra, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the core fiber comprises an animal fiber selected from the group consisting of wool, down, silk, or combinations thereof.

[0033]

[0039] The core fiber can be derived from a plant source. In some embodiments, the core fiber comprises fiber derived from a plant. In some embodiments, the core fiber is derived from cellulose. In some embodiments, the core fiber is derived from banana, pineapple, reed, sisal, cotton, kapok, jute, flax, hemp, ramie, kenaf, Manila hemp, henequen, palm, date palm, roselle, Indian hemp, Bontenca, Cantara, Magey, Phormium, seaweed, akundu fluff, sugarcane pomace, ficu, bamboo, coir, sunhemp, milkweed fluff, or bottle gooseberry. In some embodiments, the core fiber is derived from banana, pineapple, sisal, jute, hemp, seaweed, sugarcane pomace, flax, ficu, coir, Manila hemp, kenaf, or ramie. In some embodiments, the core fiber is a banana fiber. In some embodiments, the core fiber is a cellulosic fiber derived from banana fiber. The core fiber can also be composed of a cellulose-based material or composition, such as cellulose-based rayon or cellulose fibers mixed with hot melt fibers. In some embodiments, the core fiber is a regenerated fiber. In some embodiments, the core fiber is a regenerated fiber derived from cotton. In some embodiments, the core fiber is a regenerated fiber derived from bananas. In some embodiments, the core fiber is raw banana fiber (bleached, unwashed), banana hair yarn, royal society banana fiber, nettle fiber (bleached), nettle fiber (natural), pineapple fiber, pineapple (smooth) fiber, pineapple (hair) yarn, ramine, seaweed fiber, or sisal fiber.

[0034]

[0040] The core fiber can include a bio-based synthetic fiber. In some embodiments, the bio-based synthetic fiber is a starch-based, cellulose-based, protein-based, lipid-derived polymer, recombinantly derived, bio-derived polyethylene, polyhydroxyalkanoate, polyhydroxyurethane, polylactic acid, poly-3-hydroxybutyrate, or polyamide 11.

[0035]

[0041] The core fiber can include synthetic materials. In some embodiments, the core fiber includes polyamide. The core fiber can include synthetic fibers such as acrylic, polyester, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and modacrylic (sold under the trade name Kanekalon).

[0036]

[0042] The core fibers described herein can have a tensile strength ranging from 110 MPa to 1980 MPa. In some embodiments, the tensile strength of the core fiber is from about 10 MPa to about 2000 MPa. In some embodiments, the tensile strength of the core fiber is from about 50 MPa to about 1000 MPa, from about 75 MPa to about 750 MPa, from about 100 MPa to about 500 MPa, from about 125 MPa to about 300 MPa, or from about 150 MPa to about 250 MPa. In some embodiments, the tensile strength of the core fiber is at least about 50, 75, 100, 125, 150, 200, 250, 300, or 400 MPa. In some embodiments, the tensile strength of the core fiber is up to about 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 1000, or 1500 MPa. In some embodiments, the tensile strength of the core fiber is at least about 150 MPa. In some embodiments, the tensile strength of the core fiber is between 115 MPa and 315 MPa. -4 s -1 ~10 -0 s -1 In some embodiments, the tensile strength of the core fiber can be tested at a range of strain rates of 10 -4 s -1 In some embodiments, the tensile strength of the core fiber is tested at a strain rate of 20° C. and 20% relative humidity. In some embodiments, the tensile strength of the core fiber is tested according to ASTM D3822. In some embodiments, the tensile strength of the core fiber is tested at 25° C. and 65% relative humidity.

[0037]

[0043] The core fibers described herein can have a peak load of at least about 10 grams force (gf), 20 gf, 30 gf, 40 gf, 50 gf, 60 gf, 70 gf, 80 gf, 90 gf, 100 gf, 150 gf, 200 gf, 250 gf, 300 gf, 350 gf, 400 gf, 450 gf, 500 gf, 550 gf, 600 gf, 650 gf, 700 gf, or more. In some embodiments, the core fibers described herein can have a peak load of up to about 700gf, 650gf, 600gf, 550gf, 400gf, 300gf, 200gf, 150gf, 100gf, 90gf, 80gf, 70gf, 60gf, 50gf, 40gf, 30gf, 20gf, 10gf, or less. In some embodiments, the fibers can be dried at a temperature of at least about 20°C, 25°C, 30°C, 35°C, 40°C, 45°C, 50°C, 55°C, 60°C, 65°C, 70°C, 75°C, or more for a period of time. In some embodiments, the fibers can be dried for at least about 5 minutes, 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour (hr), 3 hours, 5 hours, 10 hours, 15 hours, 20 hours, 24 hours, 30 hours, 40 hours, 48 ​​hours, 72 hours, 96 hours, or more. In some embodiments, the fibers can be dried at temperatures up to about 75° C., 70° C., 65° C., 60° C., 55° C., 50° C., 45° C., 40° C., 35° C., 30° C., 25° C., 20° C., or more for a period of time. In some embodiments, the fibers can be dried for at least about 5 minutes, 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour (hr), 3 hours, 5 hours, 10 hours, 15 hours, 20 hours, 24 hours, 30 hours, 40 hours, 48 ​​hours, 72 hours, 96 hours, or more than about 96 hours. In some embodiments, the fibers described herein are dried for at least 0.5 hours. In some embodiments, the fibers described herein are dried for at least 2 hours. In some embodiments, the fibers described herein are dried for at least 4 hours.In some embodiments, the core fiber can have an elongation at peak load of at least about 0.1 millimeter (mm), 0.2 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.7 mm, 0.8 mm, 0.9 mm, 1.0 mm, 5.0 mm, 10.0 mm, 15.0 mm, 20.0 mm, 25.0 mm, 30.0 mm, 35.0 mm, or more. In some embodiments, the core fiber can have an elongation at peak load of up to about 35 mm, 30 mm, 25 mm, 20 mm, 15 mm, 10 mm, 5 mm, 1 mm, 0.9 mm, 0.8 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.1 mm, or less. In some embodiments, the core fiber can have an elongation at peak load of up to about 1 mm. In some embodiments, the core fiber can have an elongation at peak load of at least about 0.5%, 5%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 100%, 120%, 150%, 200%, 250%, 300%, 350%, 400%, 450%, or more. In some embodiments, the core fiber can have an elongation at peak load of up to about 450%, 400%, 350%, 300%, 250%, 200%, 150%, 100%, 90%, 80%, 70%, 60%, 50%, 40%, 30%, 20%, 10%, 5%, 1%, or less. In some embodiments, the core fiber can have a percent strain at peak load of at least about 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 5%, 6%, 8%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 100%, 110%, 120%, or more. In some embodiments, the core fiber can have a breaking load of at least about 10 gf, 20 gf, 30 gf, 40 gf, 50 gf, 60 gf, 70 gf, 80 gf, 90 gf, 100 gf, 150 gf, 200 gf, 250 gf, 300 gf, 350 gf, 400 gf, 450 gf, 500 gf, 550 gf, 600 gf, 650 gf, 700 gf, 750 gf, 800 gf, 850 gf, 900 gf, or more.In some embodiments, the core fiber can have a breaking load of up to about 1000gf, 950gf, 900gf, 800gf, 750gf, 700gf, 600gf, 500gf, 400gf, 300gf, 200gf, 150gf, 100gf, 90gf, 80gf, 70gf, 60gf, 50gf, 40gf, 30gf, 20gf, 10gf, or less. In some embodiments, the core fiber can have an elongation at break of at least about 0.1 millimeters (mm), 0.2mm, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 0.7mm, 0.8mm, 0.9mm, 1.0mm, 5.0mm, or more. In some embodiments, the core fiber can have an elongation at break of at least about 0.1mm. In some embodiments, the core fiber can have an elongation at break of up to about 5 mm, 1 mm, 0.9 mm, 0.8 mm, 0.7 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.1 mm, or less. In some embodiments, the core fiber can have a percent strain at break of at least about 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 5%, 6%, 8%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 100%, 110%, 120%, or more. In some embodiments, the core fiber can have a percent strain at break of up to about 120%, 110%, 100%, 90%, 80%, 70%, 60%, 50%, 40%, 30%, 20%, 10%, 5%, 4%, 3%, 2%, 1%, or less. In some embodiments, the tensile properties of the fiber are determined according to ASTM D3822.

[0038]

[0044] The core fibers described herein can have a suitable modulus. In some embodiments, the modulus is between 500 and 15,000 N / mm 2 In some embodiments, the core fiber has a strength of 2400 to 3000 N / mm 2 In some embodiments, the modulus of elasticity is 2000 to 3500 N / mm 2 or 2600~2800N / mm 2 It is.

[0039]

[0045] The core fibers described herein can have a fiber modulus of at least about 10 grams per denier (gf / den), 20 gf / den, 30 gf / den, 40 gf / den, 50 gf / den, 60 gf / den, 70 gf / den, 80 gf / den, 90 gf / den, 100 gf / den, 200 gf / den, 300 gf / den, 400 gf / den, 500 gf / den, 600 gf / den, 700 gf / den, 800 gf / den, 900 gf / den, 1000 gf / den, 1200 gf / den, 1400 gf / den, 1500 gf / den, 1600 gf / den, 1800 gf / den, 2000 gf / den, 2200 gf / den, 2400 gf / den, or more. The core fibers described herein can have a fiber tenacity of at least about 0.1 gf / den, 0.5 gf / den, 1 gf / den, 2 gf / den, 3 gf / den, 4 gf / den, 5 gf / den, 6 gf / den, 7 gf / den, 8 gf / den, 9 gf / den, 10 gf / den, 15 gf / den, 20 gf / den, 25 gf / den, 30 gf / den, 35 gf / den, 40 gf / den, 45 gf / den, 50 gf / den, 55 gf / den, 60 gf / den, 65 gf / den, 70 gf / den, 75 gf / den, or more. In some embodiments, the core fibers have a tenacity of about 1 cN / dtex to about 5 cN / dtex. In some embodiments, the core fibers have a tenacity of about 1-10, about 0.5-20, about 0.5-2, about 0.5-3, about 0.5-5, about 0.1-1, about 1-2, or about 1-3 cN / dtex. In some embodiments, the core fibers have a tenacity of at least 2 cN / dtex. In some embodiments, the core fibers have a tenacity of at least 0.5, 1, 2, 2.5, 3, or 5 cN / dtex.The hair fibers described herein can have a fiber tenacity of at least about 0.1 gf / den, 0.5 gf / den, 1 gf / den, 2 gf / den, 3 gf / den, 4 gf / den, 5 gf / den, 6 gf / den, 7 gf / den, 8 gf / den, 9 gf / den, 10 gf / den, 15 gf / den, 20 gf / den, 25 gf / den, 30 gf / den, 35 gf / den, 40 gf / den, 45 gf / den, 50 gf / den, 55 gf / den, 60 gf / den, 65 gf / den, 70 gf / den, 75 gf / den, or more. In some embodiments, the hair fibers have a tenacity of about 0.1-10 cN / dtex. In some embodiments, the hair fibers have a tenacity of about 1-15 cN / dtex. In some embodiments, the hair fibers have a tenacity of about 1 cN / dtex to about 5 cN / dtex. In some embodiments, the hair fibers have a tenacity of about 1-10, about 0.5-20, about 0.5-2, about 0.5-3, about 0.5-5, about 0.1-1, about 1-2, or about 1-3 cN / dtex. In some embodiments, the hair fibers have a tenacity of at least 2 cN / dtex. In some embodiments, the hair fibers have a tenacity of at least 0.5, 1, 2, 2.5, 3, or 5 cN / dtex. The core fibers described herein have a fiber tenacity of at least about 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1.0, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, 1.9, 2.0, or more.

[0040]

[0046] The core fibers described herein can have an average linear density of at least about 5 denier (den) units, 10 den, 15 den, 20 den, 25 den, 30 den, 35 den, 40 den, 45 den, 50 den, 55 den, 60 den, 65 den, or more. The core fibers described herein can have an average linear density of up to about 65 den, 60 den, 55 den, 50 den, 45 den, 40 den, 35 den, 30 den, 20 den, 15 den, 10 den, 5 den, or less. The core fibers described herein can be heat stable, moisture stable, and / or pH stable. In some embodiments, the core fibers are stable at temperatures up to 450°F. In some embodiments, the core fibers are stable at temperatures up to 200°F, 300°F, 400°F, 500°F, or 600°F. In some embodiments, the core fiber maintains at least 80% of its tensile strength at 100°F, 150°F, 200°F, 250°F, 300°F, 350°F, 450°F, or 500°F. In some embodiments, the core fiber maintains at least 80% of its tensile strength at 450°F. In some embodiments, the core fiber maintains 60%-100% of its tensile strength at 450°F. In some embodiments, the core fiber maintains at least 80% of its tensile strength at 300°F. In some embodiments, the core fiber maintains 60%-100% of its tensile strength at 300°F. In some embodiments, 5% or less of the core fibers degrade at temperatures up to 450°F. In some embodiments, 15% or less of the core fibers degrade at temperatures up to 450°F. In some embodiments, 2% or less of the core fibers degrade at temperatures up to 450°F. In some embodiments, 1% or less of the core fibers degrade at temperatures up to 450° F. In some embodiments, 1%, 2%, 5%, 10%, or 20% or less of the core fibers degrade at temperatures up to 450° F.

[0041]

[0047] The core fiber can be dyed or colored during processing of the fiber core. In some embodiments, a colorant such as a pigment or dye is added to the core fiber. The core fiber can have any suitable color, including all hair colors. In some embodiments, the core fiber is black, brown, blonde, red, orange, yellow, green, blue, violet, pink, white, or gray. In some embodiments, the core fiber has more than one color. In some embodiments, the core can be dyed or colored to resemble human hair colors, such as black, brown, blonde, gray, or red, as well as interior tones and hues. In some embodiments, the core can be dyed or colored to other colors, such as orange, yellow, green, violet, or white, as well as interior tones and hues.

[0042]

[0048] The core fiber can be surface-modified (or include a surface modification). In some embodiments, the surface modification herein includes one or more surface-accessible end groups, such as carboxylic acid, acetate, acetate butyrate, carbamate, carboxylate, hydroxyl, alcohol, aldehyde, ketone, ester, ether, epoxide, amine, amide, nitrate, nitrite, nitrile, nitro, nitroso, imine, azo, thiol, sulfide, disulfide, sulfoxide, sulfinic acid, sulfonic acid, sulfonic acid ester, thial, thioketone, and phosphine. In some embodiments, the one or more surface-accessible end groups include carboxylic acid, acetate, hydroxyl, acetate butyrate, ester, ether, carbamate, and carboxylate, or combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the surface-accessible end groups can be used to anchor the outer coating to the core fiber, for example, by covalent bonding or mechanical attachment. In some embodiments, the surface-accessible end groups anchor the core fiber to the outer coating by covalent bonding.

[0043] Outer Coating

[0049] The hair fiber provided herein can include a core fiber and an outer coating on the core fiber. In some embodiments, the outer coating includes a surface modification that is bonded to the core fiber. In some embodiments, the outer coating includes a material that is bonded to the core fiber. In some embodiments, the outer coating includes a nutritional component. In some embodiments, the outer coating includes two or more nutritional components. In some embodiments, the outer coating provides at least one human hair-like attribute, such as strength, thermal stability, flame retardancy, sheen gloss, texture, elasticity, smoothness, volume, UV protection, low light sensitivity, and softness.

[0044]

[0050] In some embodiments, the outer coating comprises one or more polymer layers. The outer coating can comprise a plant-based polymer, a bio-based synthetic fiber, or a synthetic polymer. In some embodiments, the outer coating comprises a plastic component. In some embodiments, the outer coating comprises one or more polymer layers comprising modacrylic, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyester, acrylonitrile, polyvinyl sulfate, polyvinyl sulfonate, keratin, chitin, chitosan, nylon, siloxane, silicone, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the one or more polymer layers comprise polyester, acrylonitrile, polyvinyl sulfate, polyvinyl sulfonate, keratin, chitin, nylon, siloxane, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the outer coating comprises a plastic component. In some embodiments, the outer coating comprises one or more material layers. In some embodiments, the outer coating comprises one or more polymer layers.

[0045]

[0051] In some embodiments, the outer coating material comprises one or more of a polymer, a conditioning agent, and an antistatic agent. In some embodiments, the outer coating material comprises one or more polymers. In some embodiments, the one or more polymers comprise modacrylic, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyester, acrylonitrile, polyvinyl sulfate, polyvinyl sulfonate, keratin, chitin, nylon, siloxane, silicone, or a combination thereof.

[0046]

[0052] In some embodiments, the outer coating material comprises one or more conditioning agents. In some embodiments, the outer coating comprises a conditioning agent. In some embodiments, the one or more conditioning agents comprise fatty acids, fatty alcohols, quaternary ammonium salts, or oils. The one or more conditioning agents can comprise cetyl alcohol, cetearyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, stearamidopropylamine, behenyltrimonium chloride, PPG3 caprylyl ether, polyester-11, argan oil, hydrolyzed protein, amodimethicone, bis-aminopropyl dimethicone, dimethicone, dimethicone silicone, nonionic amino functional silicone, nonionic dimethione silicone, cetyl esters, avocado oil, soybean oil, cerimide, jojoba oil, macadamia oil, almond oil, olive oil, sesame oil, rose oil, shea butter, or coconut oil. In some embodiments, the one or more conditioning agents include moisturizers, alcohols, or combinations thereof.The moisturizers can include hydrolyzed proteins or acidified alcohols, or combinations thereof.The hydrolyzed proteins can include hydrolyzed keratin, hydrolyzed silk proteins, or combinations thereof.The acidified alcohols can include tripropylene glycol citrate, sorbitol, 1,2,6 hexanetriol, triethylene glycol, polyglyceryl sorbitol, or combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the conditioning agent comprises cetyl alcohol, cetearyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, stearamidopropylamine, behenyltrimonium chloride, PPG3 caprylyl ether, polyester-11, PEG-40 hydrogenated castor oil, PEG-15 cocopolyamine, glycerol, glycerin, argan oil, hydrolyzed proteins, amodimethicone, bis-aminopropyl dimethicone, dimethicone, cetyl esters, avocado oil, soybean oil, jojoba oil, macadamia oil, almond oil, olive oil, sesame oil, rose oil, shea butter, or coconut oil.

[0047]

[0053] In some embodiments, the outer coating material comprises one or more antistatic agents. In some embodiments, the antistatic agent is a long chain (e.g., C9-C 36 or C 12 -C 12 ) Aliphatic amines, long chain (e.g., C9-C 36 or C 12 -C 12 ) aliphatic amides, quaternary ammonium salts, or combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the antistatic agent comprises silicone, behentrimonium chloride, cocamidopropyl betaine, esters of phosphoric acid, polyethylene glycol esters, polyethylene glycol polyols, ethoxylated amines, glycerol monostearate, apricotamidopropyl ethyl dimonium ethosulfate, apricotamidopropyl ethyl dimonium lactate, cocamidopropyl ethyl dimonium ethosulfate, cocamidopropyl ethyl dimonium lactate, lauramidopropyl ethyl dimonium ethosulfate, lauramidopropyl ethyl dimonium lactate, linoleamidopropyl ethyl dimonium ethosulfate, linoleamidopropyl ethyl dimonium lactate, myristamidopropyl ethyl dimonium ethosulfate, myristamidopropyl ethyl dimonium lactate, oleamidopropyl ethyl dimonium ethosulfate, oleamidopropyl ethyl dimonium lactate, steamidopropyl ethyl dimonium ethosulfate, or stearamidopropyl ethyl dimonium lactate.

[0048]

[0054] In some embodiments, the outer coating comprises a surface modification that is attached to the core fiber. In some embodiments, the surface modification comprises a functional end group on the surface of the core fiber. The end group can comprise a reactive functional group. In some embodiments, the end group comprises a group such as carboxylic acid, acetate, acetate butyrate, carbamate, carboxylate, hydroxyl, alcohol, aldehyde, ketone, ester, ether, epoxide, amine, amide, nitrate, nitrite, nitrile, nitro, nitroso, imine, azo, thiol, sulfide, disulfide, sulfoxide, sulfinic acid, sulfonic acid, sulfonic acid ester, thial, thioketone, and phosphine. In one aspect, the outer coating is attached to the fiber core (e.g., cellulosic core) by covalent bonding or mechanical attachment to one or more surface-accessible end groups. In some embodiments, the surface modification comprises one or more surface-accessible end groups selected from the group consisting of carboxylic acid, acetate, hydroxyl, acetate butyrate, ester, ether, carbamate, and carboxylate.

[0049]

[0055] In some embodiments, the hair fiber provided herein can include a core fiber and an outer coating of the core fiber, and there is a weight ratio between the core fiber and the outer coating. In some embodiments, the core fiber is present in the hair fiber in an amount of about 60 to about 99.999% by weight. In some embodiments, the core fiber is present in the hair fiber in an amount ranging from about 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85% or 89% by weight to about 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% or 99.9% by weight. In some embodiments, the core fiber is present in the hair fiber in an amount ranging from about 20%, 30% or 40% by weight to about 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95% or 99% by weight. In some embodiments, the core fiber is present in the hair fiber in an amount ranging from about 30% to 50% by weight. In some embodiments, the core fiber is present in the hair fiber in an amount ranging from about 40% to 80% by weight. In some embodiments, the core fiber is present in the hair fiber in an amount ranging from about 50% to 90% by weight. In some embodiments, the core fiber is present in the hair fiber in an amount ranging from about 90% to 100% by weight. In some embodiments, the core fiber is present in the hair fiber in an amount ranging from about 85% to 99% by weight. In some embodiments, the core fiber is present in the hair fiber in an amount ranging from about 95% to 99.9% by weight. In some embodiments, the core fiber is present in the hair fiber in an amount ranging from about 90% to 99.9% by weight. In some embodiments, the core fiber is present in the hair fiber in an amount ranging from about 92% to 99.9% by weight. In some embodiments, the core fiber is present in the hair fiber in an amount ranging from about 95% to 99.9% by weight. In some embodiments, the core fiber is present in the hair fiber in an amount ranging from about 96% to 99.9% by weight. In some embodiments, the core fiber is present in the hair fiber in an amount ranging from about 97% to 99.9% by weight. In some embodiments, the core fiber is present in the hair fiber in an amount ranging from about 98% to 99.9% by weight.In some embodiments, the core fiber is present in the hair fiber in an amount ranging from about 90% to 98% by weight. In some embodiments, the core fiber is present in the hair fiber in an amount ranging from about 85% to 99% by weight. In some embodiments, the core fiber is present in the hair fiber in an amount ranging from about 90% to 95% by weight. In some embodiments, the weight ratio of the core fiber to the outer coating is about 100:1, 101:1, 105:1, 110:1, 120:1, 130:1, 140:1, 150:1, 160:1, 170:1, 180:1, 190:1, 200:1, or greater than about 200:1. In some embodiments, the outer coating is present in the hair fiber in an amount ranging from about 0.001% to about 15% by weight. In some embodiments, the outer coating is present in the hair fiber in an amount ranging from about 1% to about 90% by weight. In some embodiments, the outer coating comprises a nutritional component. In some embodiments, the outer coating is present in the hair fiber in an amount ranging from about 0.001%, 0.01%, 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4% or 0.5% by weight to about 0.6%, 0.7%, 0.8%, 0.9%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0%, 2.5%, 3.0%, 3.5%, 4.0%, 4.5% or 5% by weight. In some embodiments, the outer coating is present in the hair fiber in an amount ranging from about 1%, 2%, 5%, 10%, 12% or 15% by weight to about 20%, 25%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85% or 90% by weight. In some embodiments, the outer coating is present in the hair fiber in an amount ranging from about 0.01% to about 5% by weight. In some embodiments, the outer coating is present in the hair fiber in an amount ranging from about 1% to about 10% by weight. In some embodiments, the outer coating is present in the hair fiber in an amount ranging from about 0.01% to about 2% by weight. In some embodiments, the outer coating is present in the hair fiber in an amount ranging from about 0.01% to about 0.5% by weight.In some embodiments, the outer coating is present in the hair fiber in an amount ranging from about 0.01% to about 0.25% by weight. In some embodiments, the outer coating is present in the hair fiber in an amount ranging from about 0.01% to about 0.1% by weight. In some embodiments, the outer coating is present in the hair fiber in an amount ranging from about 0.01% to about 1% by weight. In some embodiments, the outer coating is present in the hair fiber in an amount ranging from about 0.1% to about 1.5% by weight. In some embodiments, the outer coating is present in the hair fiber in an amount ranging from about 1% to about 15% by weight. In some embodiments, the outer coating is present in the hair fiber in an amount ranging from about 5% to about 25% by weight. In some embodiments, the outer coating is present in the hair fiber in an amount ranging from about 10% to about 30% by weight. In some embodiments, the outer coating is present in the hair fiber in an amount ranging from about 15% to about 50% by weight. In some embodiments, the outer coating is present in an amount ranging from about 30% to about 60% by weight on the hair fiber. In some embodiments, the outer coating is present in an amount ranging from about 40% to about 60% by weight on the hair fiber. In some embodiments, the outer coating is present in an amount ranging from about 50% to about 80% by weight on the hair fiber.

[0050] Nutritional Information

[0056] In one aspect, the hair fibers described herein can include nutritional ingredients. In some embodiments, the hair fibers include two or more nutritional ingredients. In some embodiments, the nutritional ingredients include antimicrobial activity. In some embodiments, the nutritional ingredients can deliver human hair-like properties to the fibers, such as sheen luster. In some embodiments, the nutritional ingredients are embedded in the outer coating.

[0051]

[0057] Nutritional ingredients can include essential oils, metals, plant extracts, plant oils, proteins, and peptides.In some embodiments, nutritional ingredients include essential oils.In some embodiments, essential oils include one or more oils selected from lavender oil, peppermint oil, rosemary oil, clary sage oil, avocado oil, soybean oil, jojoba oil, coconut oil, olive oil, macadamia oil, nutmeg kernel oil, almond oil, sesame oil, rose oil, eucalyptus oil, myrrh oil, bay leaf oil, lemon oil, lemongrass oil, thyme oil, juniper berry oil, pine oil, cedarwood oil, neroli oil, sandalwood oil, geranium oil, ylang, ylang oil, bergamot oil, fennel oil, orange oil, vetiver oil, palmarosa oil, grapefruit oil, tea tree oil, patchouli oil, chamomile oil, clove leaf oil, and limonene.In some embodiments, nutritional ingredients include Aloe Vera. In some embodiments, the nutritional ingredients include Tussilago Farfara flower extract, Achillea Millefolium extract, Cinchona Succirubra bark extract, Arnica Montana flower extract, Alpinia Officinarum root extract, Ferula Galbaniflua resin oil, Canarium Luzonicum gum non-volatiles, Curcuma Zedoaria root oil, Zingiber Officinale (ginger) root oil, Cinnamomum Zeylanicum bark oil, turpentine, menthol, camphor, linalool, eugenol, and the like. In some embodiments, the nutritional ingredients include a flame retardant. In some embodiments, the nutritional ingredients include a carrier vehicle. In some embodiments, the nutritional ingredients include a protein or peptide. In some embodiments, the nutritional ingredients include hydrolyzed silk protein, hydrolyzed keratin, and the like. In some embodiments, the nutritional ingredients include amino acids. In some embodiments, the nutritional ingredients include carnitine, and the like. In some embodiments, the nutritional ingredients include a preservative. In some embodiments, the nutritional ingredients include methylchloroisothiazolinone, methylisothiazolinone, and the like. In some embodiments, the nutritional ingredients include an antimicrobial agent.In some embodiments, the nutritional components include imidazolidinyl urea, diazolidinyl urea, hydroxyethyl urea, and the like. In some embodiments, at least a portion of the nutritional components are embedded within the outer coating material. In some embodiments, at least a portion of the nutritional components are encapsulated within the outer coating material. In some embodiments, at least a portion of the nutritional components are affixed to the core fiber.

[0052]

[0058] The nutritional ingredients can include two or more components. For example, the nutritional ingredients can include essential oils and flame retardants. In some embodiments, the nutritional ingredients include one or more selected from essential oils, proteins, and flame retardants.

[0053]

[0059] The nutritional ingredients described herein can be encapsulated in a particle. In some embodiments, the nutritional ingredients are included in a carrier vehicle. The carrier vehicle can be a particle. The nutritional ingredients described herein can be included in a controlled release particle. In some embodiments, the particle, controlled release particle, or carrier vehicle can include cyclodextrin, a hydrogel, a sol-gel, a liposomal structure, or a halloysite nanotube. In some embodiments, the carrier vehicle includes a cyclodextrin or a liposomal structure. In some embodiments, the carrier vehicle includes a cyclodextrin particle. The cyclodextrin particle can be a controlled release particle. In some embodiments, the carrier vehicle includes a liposomal particle. In some embodiments, the particle or controlled release particle includes a cyclodextrin. In some embodiments, the cyclodextrin is an alpha, beta, or gamma cyclodextrin, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the nutritional ingredients are encapsulated in a particle, such as a cyclodextrin or a hydrogel. In some embodiments, the nutritional ingredients described herein include a phospholipid, such as a phosphatidylcholine. In some embodiments, the nutritional ingredients described herein are configured to provide nutrients to the hair and / or scalp.

[0054]

[0060] The nutritional ingredients described herein can be chitosn-based nutritional ingredients. The nutritional ingredients described herein can be silicone-based nutritional ingredients. The chitosan used in the present disclosure can be low, medium or high molecular weight chitosan. In some embodiments, the chitosan has a Mw of about 50 kDa to 2000 kDa. In some embodiments, the chitosan has a Mw of about 100 kDa to 1000 kDa. In some embodiments, the chitosan has a Mw of more than 1000 kDa. In some embodiments, the chitosan has a Mw of less than 100 kDa. In some embodiments, chitosan is present in the hair fiber at about 0.01% to about 2% by weight, about 0.1% to about 10% by weight, about 0.01% to about 1% by weight, about 0.1% to about 1% by weight, about 0.5% to about 5% by weight, or about 0.05% to about 0.5% by weight.

[0055]

[0061] The liposomal particles described herein may include one or more surfactants. Representative surfactants include, but are not limited to, anionic surfactants such as sodium fatty acid, monoalkyl sulfates, and monoalkyl phosphates; cationic surfactants such as alkyl trimethylammonium salts; amphoteric surfactants such as alkyl dimethylamine oxides; and nonionic surfactants such as polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers, alkyl monoglyceryl ethers, and fatty acid sorbitan esters. In some embodiments, the surfactant comprises a phospholipid. Representative phospholipids include lecithin. Other components that can be used to synthesize liposomes include naturally occurring and synthetic amphiphilic lipids such as, but are not limited to, fatty acids, lysolipids, glucolipids, phospholipids with short chain fatty acids of 6 to 8 carbons in length, and synthetic phospholipids. The liposomal particles described herein may include a stabilizer. Some representative polymers useful as liposome stabilizers include commercially available quaternized polysaccharides, such as cellulose, laurdimonium hydroxyethyl cellulose, cocodimonium hydroxyethyl cellulose, and steardimonium hydroxyethyl cellulose. In some embodiments, the stabilizer is starch or chitosan; a modified or substituted protein, a polypeptide of appropriate molecular weight, or a non-biological polymer.

[0056]

[0062] In some embodiments, the carrier vehicle particles have a particle size. In some embodiments, the D50 value of the carrier vehicle particles is about 100 nm to 1 mm. In some embodiments, the D50 value of the carrier vehicle particles is at least about 10 nm, 100 nm, 200 nm, 300 nm, 400 nm, 500 nm, 600 nm, 700 nm, 800 nm, 900 nm, 1 μm, 10 μm, 50 μm, 100 μm, 500 μm, or 1 mm. In some embodiments, the D50 value of the carrier vehicle particles is at most about 10 nm, 100 nm, 500 nm, 1 μm, 10 μm, 50 μm, 100 μm, 500 μm, or 1 mm. In some embodiments, the D50 value of the carrier vehicle particles is in the range of 10 nm to about 500 μm. In some embodiments, the D50 value of the carrier vehicle particles ranges from 100 nm to about 100 μm. In some embodiments, the D50 value of the carrier vehicle particles ranges from 100 nm to about 10 μm. In some embodiments, the D50 value of the carrier vehicle particles ranges from 10 nm to about 1 μm. The D50 value refers to the diameter below which 50% of all particles are smaller and above which 50% of particles are larger. Particle size can be measured by any suitable method known in the art, for example, the method described in Example 7.

[0057]

[0063] The nutritional ingredients can be released from the particles over time. In some embodiments, at least 80% by weight of the nutritional ingredients is released over a period of 48 hours after the hair fiber is applied to an individual. In some embodiments, at least 0.1%, 0.5%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80% or 90% by weight of the nutritional ingredients, or more than 90% by weight, is released within about 1 hour (hr), 2 hours, 3 hours, 4 hours, 5 hours, 10 hours, 15 hours, 20 hours, 24 hours, 36 hours, 48 ​​hours, or more than 48 hours after the hair fiber is applied to an individual. In some embodiments, at least about 0.1%, 0.5%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, or 90% by weight of the nutritional ingredients are released over a period of about 1 hour (hr), 2 hours, 5 hours, 10 hours, 24 hours, 48 ​​hours, 72 hours, 96 hours, 1 week (wk), 2 weeks, 3 weeks, 4 weeks, 6 weeks, 2 months, 3 months, 4 months, 5 months, 6 months, 7 months, 8 months, 9 months, 10 months, 11 months, 12 months, or more than 12 months after the hair fiber is applied to an individual. In some embodiments, at least 80% by weight of the nutritional ingredients are released over a period of 1 hour to 1 month after the hair fiber is applied to an individual. In some embodiments, at least about 50% by weight of the nutritional ingredients are released over a period of 1 hour to 1 month after the hair fiber is applied to an individual, hi some embodiments, at least about 80% by weight of the nutritional ingredients are released over a period of 1 hour to 12 months after the hair fiber is applied to an individual.

[0058]

[0064] In some embodiments, the nutritional component is released in response to the pH of the environment, the temperature of the environment, the moisture or humidity level of the environment, or physical manipulation of the fiber. In some embodiments, the nutritional component is released in response to physical manipulation of the fiber. In some embodiments, the nutritional component is released in response to temperature. In some embodiments, the nutritional component is released in response to multiple stimuli. In some embodiments, the nutritional component is released in response to one stimulus. In some embodiments, the stimulus comprises pH, temperature, physical manipulation, moisture or humidity level, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the stimulus comprises a pH change. In some embodiments, at least 80% by weight of the nutritional component is released over a 48 hour period after the initiation of the stimulus. In some embodiments, at least 50%, at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 90, or at least 95% by weight of the nutritional component is released over a 48 hour period after the initiation of the stimulus. In some embodiments, at least 80% by weight of the nutritional component is released over a period of 1 hour to 1 month after the initiation of the stimulus. In some embodiments, the nutritional component can be applied to the fiber to provide hydrophobicity. In some embodiments, the fibers can have a water contact angle of at least about 70°, 80°, 90°, 100°, 110°, 120°, 130°, 140°, 150°, or more. In some embodiments, the fibers can have a water contact angle of at least about 70°. In some embodiments, the fibers can have a water contact angle of at least about 80°. In some embodiments, the fibers can have a water contact angle of at least about 90°. In some embodiments, the fibers can have a water contact angle of at least about 100°. In some embodiments, the fibers can have a water contact angle of at least about 120°. In some embodiments, the fibers can have a water contact angle of at least about 150°. In some embodiments, nutritional ingredients can be applied to the fibers to provide protection to the fibers during thermal processes (e.g., heating). Hydrophobicity and / or thermal protection of the fibers can be provided by application of a waterproofing solution.In some embodiments, the waterproofing solution can include silicone, epoxy, polyurea, polyvinyl chloride, polyurethane, polydimethylsiloxane, clay, clay additive, ceramic, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the waterproofing solution includes an aqueous amino-modified polydimethylsiloxane. In some embodiments, the waterproofing solution includes a clay additive. In some embodiments, the waterproofing solution can include a clay additive and an amino-modified polydimethylsiloxane.

[0059]

[0065] In some embodiments, a nutritional component can be applied to the fiber to provide reduced flammability (e.g., a flame retardant). In some embodiments, the flammability of the fiber can be reduced by at least about 0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 10%, 20%, 50%, 75%, 100%, 200%, 300%, or more by application of a nutritional component that can include a flame retardant. In some embodiments, the nutritional component includes a flame retardant. In some embodiments, the flame retardant comprises 10%-99% of the total weight of the nutritional component. In some embodiments, the flame retardant comprises 20%-90% of the total weight of the nutritional component. In some embodiments, the flame retardant comprises 85%-98% of the total weight of the nutritional component. In some embodiments, the flame retardant comprises 30%-99%, 50%-95%, 70%-98%, or 40%-98% of the total weight of the nutritional component. The flame retardant can include chitosan, poly(phosphonate-co-carbonate), polyphosphonate, or combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the nutritional component includes chitosan. In some embodiments, the nutritional component includes silicone.

[0060]

[0066] In some embodiments, the nutritional components can be integrated with the fiber in the carrier vehicle (i.e., in the form of an inclusion complex). In some embodiments, the carrier vehicle comprises a cyclodextrin, such as beta-cyclodextrin. In some embodiments, the carrier vehicle comprises a microparticle. In some embodiments, the nutritional components comprise a flame retardant.

[0061]

[0067] In some embodiments, the nutritional ingredients described herein are mixtures obtained by mixing hydrolyzed jojoba protein HP (Making Cosmetics) with about 10% by weight Trichogen® VEG UL LS 9922 (BASF). In some embodiments, the carrier vehicle is formed by heating and stirring to an elevated temperature (e.g., 40°C ± 3°C), further stirring until cooled to room temperature, and adjusting the pH using citric acid. In some embodiments, the resulting nutritional mixture is stored at 4°C until incorporated into the carrier vehicle. In some embodiments, the nutritional ingredients described herein are mixtures obtained by mixing hydrolyzed jojoba protein HP (Making Cosmetics) with Trichogen® VEG UL LS 9922 (BASF). In some embodiments, the hydrolyzed jojoba protein HP is present in the mixture in an amount of at least about 90%, 80%, 70%, 60%, 50%, 33%, 25%, 20%, 17%, 14%, 13%, 11%, 10%, 9%, 5%, or 5% by weight. In some embodiments, the hydrolyzed jojoba protein HP is present in the mixture in an amount of up to about 90%, 80%, 70%, 60%, 50%, 33%, 25%, 20%, 17%, 14%, 13%, 11%, 10%, 9%, 5%, or 5% by weight. In some embodiments, the hydrolyzed jojoba protein HP is present in the mixture in an amount of about 10% to 20% by weight. In some embodiments, the carrier vehicle is formed by mixing the nutritional components in a liquid, such as water, alcohol, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the carrier vehicle is formed by mixing the nutritional components in water. In some embodiments, the carrier vehicle is formed by mixing the nutritional components in a water / alcohol mixture. In some embodiments, the carrier vehicle is a solution or suspension.

[0062]

[0068] In some embodiments, the nutritional ingredients are present on the hair fiber at about 0.0001% to about 80% by weight. In some embodiments, the nutritional ingredients are present on the hair fiber at about 0.001% to about 2% by weight, about 0.005% to about 2% by weight, about 0.01% to about 5% by weight, about 0.05% to about 5% by weight, about 0.1% to about 5% by weight, about 0.1% to about 2% by weight, about 0.1% to about 1% by weight, or about 0.5% to about 1% by weight. In some embodiments, the nutritional components are present on the hair fiber at about 1% to about 10% by weight, about 5% to about 15% by weight, about 10% to about 25% by weight, about 15% to about 30% by weight, about 20% to about 50% by weight, about 30% to about 60% by weight, about 40% to about 55% by weight, or about 50% to about 70% by weight. In some embodiments, the nutritional components are present on the hair fiber at about 1% to about 10% by weight. In some embodiments, the nutritional components are present on the hair fiber at about 5% to about 20% by weight. In some embodiments, the nutritional components are present on the hair fiber at about 40% to about 60% by weight. In some embodiments, the nutritional components are present on the hair fiber at about 50% to about 70% by weight. In some embodiments, the nutritional components are present on the hair fiber at about 60% to about 80% by weight. The weight ratio of nutritional ingredients to hair fibre can be determined by any suitable means, for example by the method described in Example 9.

[0063] Hair Fiber Coatings

[0069] Provided herein is a coating for a core fiber comprising an outer coating material and a nutritional component. In some embodiments, at least a portion of the nutritional component is embedded within the outer coating material.

[0064]

[0070] In some embodiments, the outer coating material comprises one or more of a polymer, a conditioning agent, and an antistatic agent. In some embodiments, the outer coating material comprises one or more polymers. In some embodiments, the one or more polymers comprise silicone, modacrylic, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyester, acrylonitrile, polyvinyl sulfate, polyvinyl sulfonate, keratin, chitin, nylon, or a combination thereof.

[0065]

[0071] In some embodiments, the outer coating material comprises one or more conditioning agents. In some embodiments, the one or more conditioning agents comprise fatty acids, fatty alcohols, quaternary ammonium salts, or oils. The one or more conditioning agents can comprise cetyl alcohol, cetearyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, panthenol, glycerol, glycerin, stearamidopropylamine, behenyltrimonium chloride, PPG3 caprylyl ether, polyester-11, argan oil, hydrolyzed protein, amodimethicone, bis-aminopropyl dimethicone, dimethicone, laureth-4, laureth-23, morpholinomethylsilsesquioxane copolymer, trideceth-5, glycerin, cetyl esters, avocado oil, soybean oil, jojoba protein, jojoba oil, macadamia oil, olive oil, almond oil, sesame oil, rose oil, shea butter, coconut oil, or combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the one or more conditioning agents include dimethicone, a nonionic amino-functional silicone, or a nonionic dimethicone silicone.

[0066]

[0072] In some embodiments, the outer coating material comprises one or more antistatic agents. In some embodiments, the antistatic agent is a long chain (e.g., C9-C 36 or C 12 -C 12 ) Aliphatic amines, long chain (e.g., C9-C 36 or C 12 -C 12) aliphatic amides, quaternary ammonium salts, or combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the antistatic agent comprises a long chain aliphatic amine, a long chain aliphatic amide, a quaternary ammonium salt, a silicone, or combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the antistatic agent comprises behentrimonium chloride, cocamidopropyl betaine, esters of phosphoric acid, polyethylene glycol esters, polyethylene glycol polyols, ethoxylated amines, glycerol monostearate, apricotamidopropyl ethyl dimonium ethosulfate, apricotamidopropyl ethyl dimonium lactate, cocamidopropyl ethyl dimonium ethosulfate, cocamidopropyl ethyl dimonium lactate, lauramidopropyl ethyl dimonium ethosulfate, lauramidopropyl ethyl dimonium lactate, linoleamidopropyl ethyl dimonium ethosulfate, linoleamidopropyl ethyl dimonium lactate, myristamidopropyl ethyl dimonium ethosulfate, myristamidopropyl ethyl dimonium lactate, oleamidopropyl ethyl dimonium ethosulfate, oleamidopropyl ethyl dimonium lactate, steamidopropyl ethyl dimonium ethosulfate, or stearamidopropyl ethyl dimonium lactate.In some embodiments, the antistatic agent comprises behentrimonium chloride, cocamidopropyl betaine, esters of phosphoric acid, polyethylene glycol esters, polyethylene glycol polyols, ethoxylated amines, glycerol monostearate, apricotamidopropyl ethyl dimonium ethosulfate, apricotamidopropyl ethyl dimonium lactate, cocamidopropyl ethyl dimonium ethosulfate, cocamidopropyl ethyl dimonium lactate, lauramidopropyl ethyl dimonium ethosulfate, lauramidopropyl ethyl dimonium lactate, linoleamidopropyl ethyl dimonium ethosulfate, linoleamidopropyl ethyl dimonium lactate, myristamidopropyl ethyl dimonium ethosulfate, myristamidopropyl ethyl dimonium lactate, oleamidopropyl ethyl dimonium ethosulfate, oleamidopropyl ethyl dimonium lactate, steamidopropyl ethyl dimonium ethosulfate, stearamidopropyl ethyl dimonium lactate, or combinations thereof.

[0067]

[0073] In some embodiments, the outer coating material comprises a nutritional component such as an essential oil, a metal, a plant extract, a plant oil, a protein, or a peptide. In some embodiments, at least a portion of the nutritional component is embedded within the outer coating material. In some embodiments, at least a portion of the nutritional component is encapsulated in a particle. The nutritional component can be contained in a release controlled particle such as a cyclodextrin, a hydrogel, a sol-gel, a liposomal structure, or a halloysite nanotube.

[0068]

[0074] The nutritional ingredients can be released from the particles or coating over time. In some embodiments, at least 80% by weight of the nutritional ingredients is released over a period of 48 hours after the hair fiber is applied to an individual. In some embodiments, at least 1%, 2%, 3%, 5%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, or more than about 90% by weight of the nutritional ingredients is released within 1 hour (hr), 2 hours, 3 hours, 4 hours, 5 hours, 10 hours, 20 hours, 24 hours, 36 hours, 48 ​​hours, or more than 48 hours after the hair fiber is applied to an individual. In some embodiments, 80% by weight of the nutritional ingredients is released over a period of 1 hour to 1 month after the hair fiber is applied to an individual. In some embodiments, 50% by weight of the nutritional ingredients are released over a period of 1 hour to 1 month after the hair fiber is applied to an individual. In some embodiments, 80% by weight of the nutritional ingredients are released over a period of 1 hour to 12 months after the hair fiber is applied to an individual. In some embodiments, about 80% by weight of the nutritional ingredients are released over a period of 12 hours to 1 month after the hair fiber is applied to an individual. In some embodiments, about 80% by weight of the nutritional ingredients are released over a period of 1 day hour to 3 weeks after the hair fiber is applied to an individual. In some embodiments, less than 5% by weight of the nutritional ingredients are released over a period of 1 day. In some embodiments, less than 25% by weight of the nutritional ingredients are released over a period of 6 hours, 12 hours, 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 7 days, 2 weeks, 3 weeks, or 1 month. In some embodiments, less than 50% by weight of the nutritional component is released over a period of 6 hours, 12 hours, 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 7 days, 2 weeks, 3 weeks, or 1 month. In some embodiments, less than 75% by weight of the nutritional component is released over a period of 6 hours, 12 hours, 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 7 days, 2 weeks, 3 weeks, or 1 month. In some embodiments, the nutritional component is released over a period of at least 48 hours. In some embodiments, the nutritional component is released over a period of at least 96 hours. In some embodiments, the nutritional component is released over a period of at least 1 week.In some embodiments, the nutritional components are released over a period of at least 2 weeks. In some embodiments, the nutritional components are released over a period of at least 4 weeks. In some embodiments, the nutritional components are released over a period of at least 2 months. In some embodiments, the nutritional components are released over a period of at least 3 or 6 months.

[0069]

[0075] In some embodiments, the nutritional components are released from the coating in response to the pH of the environment, the temperature of the environment, the moisture or humidity level of the environment, or physical manipulation of the fiber. In some embodiments, the nutritional components are released in response to physical manipulation of the fiber. In some embodiments, the nutritional components are released in response to temperature.

[0070] Hair Fiber Production Method

[0076] A method for producing hair fibers is described herein. In some embodiments, the method comprises performing a chemical surface treatment on a cellulosic fiber to provide a surface-modified core fiber, optionally exposing the core fiber to a dye or pigment to provide a dyed or colored core fiber, and coating the core fiber with a polymer composition comprising one or more reactive groups to provide a hair fiber. In some embodiments, the method comprises (i) obtaining a core fiber, and (ii) applying a nutritional component to the core fiber. In one aspect, the method includes exposing the hair fiber to a dye or pigment to provide a dyed or colored hair fiber. In some embodiments, the method further comprises performing a chemical surface treatment on the core fiber to provide a surface-modified core fiber. In some embodiments, the method further comprises coating the core fiber with an outer coating comprising one or more reactive groups to provide a coated core fiber to provide a hair fiber. In some embodiments, a nutritional component is applied to the coated core fiber. In some embodiments, the method further comprises heating the outer coating and / or the nutritional component-coated hair fiber. In some embodiments, the method further comprises curing the outer coating and / or the nutritional ingredients coated hair fiber. In some embodiments, the method further comprises determining the weight of the outer coating and / or the nutritional ingredients after curing or heating. In some embodiments, the nutritional ingredients are included in a carrier vehicle. For example, the carrier vehicle can be particles. In some embodiments, the nutritional ingredients are applied to the core fiber in a solution. For example, the nutritional ingredients can be applied to the core fiber via spray drying, brushing, dip coating, mixing, etc.

[0071]

[0077] In some embodiments, the carrier vehicle containing nutritional ingredients is prepared by combining water, optionally alcohol (e.g., ethanol), and / or oil (e.g., jojoba oil) with beta-cyclodextrin through a process such as filtration, drying, and rehydration at room temperature to create beta-cyclodextrin secondary structures. In some embodiments, the carrier vehicle containing nutritional ingredients is prepared by combining water, optionally alcohol (e.g., ethanol), and / or oil (e.g., jojoba oil) with chitosan to create chitosan-based nutritional ingredients. In some embodiments, the carrier vehicle containing nutritional ingredients is prepared by combining water with a surfactant such as phosphatidylcholine (e.g., 20% by weight final) (e.g., at 37° C. for 1 hour) and then adding the mixture to a separate solution of water, propylene glycol (e.g., 10% by weight final), and beta-cyclodextrin nutrient mixture (10% by weight final). In some embodiments, the carrier vehicle containing nutritional ingredients is prepared by combining water, a surfactant such as phosphatidylcholine, beta-cyclodextrin, and nutritional ingredients. In some embodiments, the carrier vehicle containing the nutritional component is prepared by combining water, a surfactant such as phosphatidylcholine, chitosan, and a nutritional component. In some embodiments, the carrier vehicle containing the nutritional component is prepared by combining water, a surfactant such as phosphatidylcholine, silicone, and a nutritional component.

[0072]

[0078] In some embodiments, the carrier vehicle is heated to an elevated temperature, e.g., 30°C ± 5°C, 40°C ± 5°C, 50°C ± 5°C, 60°C ± 5°C, 70°C ± 5°C, 80°C ± 5°C, or 90°C ± 5°C. In some embodiments, the carrier vehicle is cooled to room temperature after heating. In some embodiments, the carrier vehicle is pH adjusted using an acid, such as citric acid. In some embodiments, the carrier vehicle is pH adjusted using a base. In some embodiments, the resulting nutrient mixture is stored at about 0-40°C (e.g., 0°C, 1°C, 2°C, 3°C, 4°C, 5°C, 6°C, 7°C, 8°C, 9°C, 10°C, 15°C, 20°C, or a temperature greater than about 20°C) until incorporation into the carrier vehicle.

[0073]

[0079] In some embodiments, the nutritional ingredients can be dissolved in water. In some embodiments, the nutritional ingredients are dissolved in alcohol. In some embodiments, the nutritional ingredients are dissolved in an alcohol-water mixture. The mixture can then be extruded using a polycarbonate membrane filter (Advantec) with a pore size of 100 nm, 200 nm, 300 nm, 400 nm, or greater than 400 nm to create a dispersion. Additives such as benzyl alcohol (5% final weight) may then be added. The mixture can then be placed in an ultrasonic bath at 37° C. for an additional hour and refrigerated at 4° C. for further use. In some embodiments, the nutritional ingredients are dissolved in the solution at about 1% to 15%, 5% to 20%, 10% to 30%, or 20% or 50% by weight. In some embodiments, the nutritional ingredients are dissolved in the solution at about 10% or 25% by weight. In some embodiments, the nutritional ingredients are dissolved in the solution at about 0.0001%, 0.001%, 0.01%, 0.05%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 40%, 50% or more than about 50% by weight. In some embodiments, the nutritional ingredients can be applied to the hair fiber at a temperature in the range of 5-40°C. In some embodiments, the nutritional ingredients can be applied to the hair fiber at a temperature in the range of 15-60°C. In some embodiments, the nutritional ingredients can be applied to the hair fiber at a temperature in the range of 20-65°C. In some embodiments, the nutritional ingredients can be applied to the hair fiber at a temperature of about 0°C, 1°C, 2°C, 3°C, 4°C, 5°C, 10°C, 15°C, 20°C, 25°C, 30°C, 35°C, 40°C, 50°C, 60°C, 70°C, 80°C, 90°C, 100°C, or greater than about 100°C.

[0074]

[0080] In some embodiments, the nutritional components are dissolved in the carrier solution at about 0.0001%, 0.001%, 0.01%, 0.05%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 40%, 50%, or more than about 50% by weight. In some embodiments, the nutritional components are dissolved in the carrier solution at about 1% to 30% by weight. In some embodiments, the nutritional components are dissolved in the carrier solution at about 5% to 50% by weight. In some embodiments, the nutritional components are dissolved in the carrier solution at about 1% to 10% by weight. In some embodiments, the nutritional components are dissolved in the carrier solution at about 0.5% to 25% by weight. In some embodiments, the nutritional ingredients can be applied to the hair fiber at a temperature of about 0°C, 1°C, 2°C, 3°C, 4°C, 5°C, 10°C, 15°C, 20°C, 25°C, 30°C, 35°C, 40°C, 50°C, 60°C, 70°C, 80°C, 90°C, 100°C, or above about 100°C. In some embodiments, the carrier vehicle can include beta-cyclodextrin (BCD). In some embodiments, the carrier solution can include a solution of alcohol. In some cases, the carrier vehicle can include a solution of ethanol. In some embodiments, the carrier vehicle can include a solution of water. In some embodiments, the carrier vehicle can include a solution of water and alcohol. In some cases, the carrier vehicle can include a solution of water and ethanol. In some embodiments, the nutritional components can be dissolved in a carrier vehicle having a volume of about 1 mL, 2 mL, 5 mL, 10 mL, 20 mL, 30 mL, 40 mL, 50 mL, 60 mL, 70 mL, 80 mL, 90 mL, 100 mL, or greater than about 100 mL. In some embodiments, the nutritional components can be dissolved in the carrier solution at a temperature of about 0° C., 1° C., 2° C., 3° ​​C., 4° C., 5° C., 10° C., 15° C., 20° C., 25° C., 30° C., 35° C., 40° C., 50° C., 60° C., 70° C., 80° C., 90° C., 100° C., or greater than about 100° C.

[0075]

[0081] In some embodiments, the nutritional ingredients in the carrier solution can be applied to the core fiber by mixing the core fiber and the carrier solution. In some embodiments, the nutritional ingredients in the carrier solution can be applied to the core fiber by immersing the core fiber in the carrier solution. In some embodiments, the nutritional ingredients in the carrier solution can be applied to the core fiber by brushing the carrier solution onto the core fiber. In some embodiments, the nutritional ingredients in the carrier can be applied to the hair fiber as a powder.

[0076]

[0082] In some embodiments, lipids can be added to the mixture of nutritional ingredients dissolved in carrier solution.In some cases, conditioning oils can be added to the mixture of nutritional ingredients dissolved in carrier solution.In some cases, cetyl alcohol, cetearyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, panthenol, glycerol, glycerin, stearamidopropylamine, behenyltrimonium chloride, PPG3 caprylyl ether, polyester-11, argan oil, hydrolyzed protein, amodimethicone, bis-aminopropyl dimethicone, dimethicone, cetyl esters, laureth-4, laureth-23, morpholinomethylsilsesquioxane copolymer, trideceth-5, glycerin, avocado oil, soybean oil, avocado oil, soybean oil, jojoba protein, macadamia oil, olive oil, almond oil, sesame oil, rose oil, shea butter, coconut oil, or combinations thereof can be added to the mixture of nutritional ingredients dissolved in carrier solution. In some cases, jojoba oil can be added to the mixture of nutritional ingredients dissolved in the carrier solution.In some embodiments, lipid or conditioning oil can be added dropwise to the mixture in a weight ratio of about 1% to about 50% by weight (e.g., about 1%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50% by weight).

[0077]

[0083] In some embodiments, the mixture of the carrier solution and the nutrient components can be stirred continuously for about 1 hour to about 20 hours (e.g., 1 hour (hr), 2 hours, 3 hours, 4 hours, 5 hours, 10 hours, 15 hours, 20 hours), or for more than about 20 hours. In some embodiments, the mixture of the carrier solution and the nutrient components can be stirred at about 0-100°C (e.g., about 0°C, 1°C, 2°C, 3°C, 4°C, 5°C, 10°C, 15°C, 20°C, 25°C, 30°C, 35°C, 40°C, 50°C, 60°C, 70°C, 80°C, 90°C, 100°C), or at a temperature higher than about 100°C. In some embodiments, the mixture of the carrier solution and the nutrient components can be stirred at a temperature of about 10-40°C, 20-50°C, or 30-60°C. In some embodiments, the mixture of the carrier solution and the nutrient components can be removed from the water bath and refrigerated for a period of time. In some embodiments, the mixture of carrier solution and nutrient components can be refrigerated for about 1 hour to about 96 hours (e.g., 1 hour (hr), 3 hours, 5 hours, 10 hours, 15 hours, 20 hours, 24 hours, 30 hours, 40 hours, 48 ​​hours, 72 hours, 96 hours), or for more than about 96 hours. In some embodiments, the refrigeration temperature can range from about 0 to 20°C (e.g., about 0°C, 1°C, 2°C, 3°C, 4°C, 5°C, 10°C, 15°C, 20°C), or greater than about 20°C.

[0078]

[0084] In some embodiments, the mixture of carrier solution and nutritional ingredients can be removed from refrigeration after a period of time. In some embodiments, the mixture of carrier solution and nutritional ingredients can be removed from refrigeration after about 1 hour and about 96 hours (e.g., 1 hour (hr), 3 hours, 5 hours, 10 hours, 15 hours, 20 hours, 24 hours, 30 hours, 40 hours, 48 ​​hours, 72 hours, 96 hours), or after about 96 hours. In some embodiments, the mixture of carrier solution and nutritional ingredients can be thawed. In some embodiments, the mixture of carrier solution and nutritional ingredients can be vacuum filtered to remove cryoprecipitates. In some embodiments, the mixture of carrier solution and nutritional ingredients can be dried in a conventional oven. In some embodiments, the mixture of carrier solution and nutritional ingredients can be dried using a fan. In some embodiments, the mixture of the carrier solution and the nutritional components can be dried at a temperature of about 10 to about 100°C (e.g., 10°C, 15°C, 20°C, 25°C, 30°C, 35°C, 40°C, 50°C, 60°C, 70°C, 80°C, 90°C, or 100°C). In some embodiments, the mixture of the carrier solution and the nutritional components can be dried at a temperature for about 1 hour to about 96 hours (e.g., 1 hour (hr), 3 hours, 5 hours, 10 hours, 15 hours, 20 hours, 24 hours, 30 hours, 40 hours, 48 ​​hours, 72 hours, 96 hours), or for more than about 96 hours. In some embodiments, the dried powder of the mixture of the carrier solution and the nutritional components can be left to reach moisture equilibrium. In some cases, the dried powder of the mixture of the carrier solution and the nutritional components can be left to reach moisture equilibrium at room temperature. In some cases, the dry powder of the mixture of carrier solution and nutritional ingredients can be left at about 0°C to about 40°C (e.g., 0°C, 1°C, 2°C, 3°C, 4°C, 5°C, 10°C, 15°C, 20°C, 25°C, 30°C, 35°C, 40°C), or at temperatures above about 40°C, to reach moisture equilibrium.

[0079]

[0085] In some embodiments, the mixture of the carrier solution and the nutritional components can be collected. In some cases, the mixture of the carrier solution and the nutritional components can be collected at room temperature. In some cases, the mixture of the carrier solution and the nutritional components can be collected at a temperature of about 0 to about 40°C (e.g., about 0°C, 1°C, 2°C, 3°C, 4°C, 5°C, 10°C, 15°C, 20°C, 25°C, 30°C, 35°C, 40°C), or greater than about 40°C. In some embodiments, the mixture of the carrier solution and the nutritional components can be stored at room temperature. In some embodiments, the mixture of the carrier solution and the nutritional components can be stored at a temperature of about 0 to about 40°C (e.g., about 0°C, 1°C, 2°C, 3°C, 4°C, 5°C, 10°C, 15°C, 20°C, 25°C, 30°C, 35°C, 40°C), or greater than about 40°C.

[0080]

[0086] In some embodiments, the nutritional component can be prepared and applied to the fiber. In some cases, the nutritional component can be chitosan-based and silicone-based. In some cases, the nutritional component includes loaded oleosomes and a polymer binder. In some cases, the oleosomes can include Hydresia SF2 safflower oleosomes. In some cases, the nutritional component can include Tidal Tex FR solution (e.g., 1.5% by weight), BELSIL ADM 8301 E, BELSIL DM 5102 E, water, Hydresia SF2 safflower olesomes, Optiphen Plus, Trichogen VEG UL LS 9922, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the loaded oleosomes can be dispersed throughout an aqueous silicone-based polymer binder material. In some embodiments, the carrier solution can be heated to a temperature range of about 10° C. to about 100° C. (e.g., about 10° C., 20° C., 30° C., 40° C., 50° C., 60° C., 70° C., 80° C., 90° C., 100° C., or higher than about 100° C.). Optionally, the mixture can be heated and stirred. In some cases, the stirring can be at a speed ranging from about 10 RPM to about 10000 RPM (e.g., at least about 10 RPM, 20 RPM, 50 RPM, 100 RPM, 200 RPM, 300 RPM, 400 RPM, 500 RPM, 1000 RPM, 2000 RPM, 3000 RPM, 4000 RPM, 5000 RPM, 6000 RPM, 7000 RPM, 8000 RPM, 9000 RPM, 10000 RPM, 15000 RPM, or greater than about 10000 RPM). In some embodiments, the solution can be cooled to a temperature ranging from 0 to about 100°C (e.g., about 0°C, 10°C, 20°C, 30°C, 40°C, 50°C, 60°C, 70°C, 80°C, 90°C, 100°C, or greater than about 100°C). Optionally, the solution can be cooled in a closed container. Optionally, the solution can be cooled in the dark.

[0081]

[0087] In some embodiments, a polymeric binder can be applied to the fiber and cured. In some cases, the fiber can be banana fiber. In some cases, the fiber can be modacrylic fiber. In some embodiments, the fiber can be pre-washed, for example, in an apple cider vinegar wash. In some embodiments, the fiber can be agitated in an apple cider vinegar wash ranging from about 0.1% to about 50% (e.g., about 0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, or more than about 50% apple cider vinegar wash). In some embodiments, the fiber can be agitated in an acidic solution, such as an apple cider vinegar wash, for about 1 second to 12 hours (e.g., 1 second, 10 seconds, 30 seconds, 1 minute, 2 minutes, 5 minutes, 10 minutes, 20 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour, or more than about 1 hour). In some embodiments, the apple cider vinegar wash solution can be exchanged with DI water until a pH of about 5.0-9.0 is obtained (e.g., pH 6.0-8.0, 6.5-7.5, or 6.7-7.5). In some embodiments, the fibers can be removed from the solution and air-dried for a period of time (e.g., 1-3 hours, 3-9 hours, 6-12 hours, about 1 hour, 2 hours, 5 hours, 10 hours, 24 hours, 48 ​​hours, or more than about 48 hours). In some embodiments, the nutrient solution can be heated to about 10-90°C. In some embodiments, the nutrient solution can be heated to about 30-60°C. In some embodiments, the nutrient solution can be heated to about 10°C ± 2°C, 20°C ± 2°C, 30°C ± 2°C, 40°C ± 2°C, 50°C ± 2°C, 60°C ± 2°C, 70°C ± 2°C, 80°C ± 2°C, 90°C ± 2°C, 100°C ± 2°C, or above about 100°C ± 2°C. In some embodiments, the nutrient solution is brushed onto the fiber. In some embodiments, the nutrient solution is sprayed onto the fiber. In some embodiments, the nutrient solution is applied to the fiber by dip coating. In some embodiments, the fiber can be cured at elevated temperatures. In some embodiments, after applying the nutrient, the fiber is cured at a temperature of about 20-80°C, about 40-70°C, about 55-65°C, about 20-50°C, about 40-90°C, or about 30-70°C.In some embodiments, after applying the nutritional components, the fibers are cured at a temperature of about 60° C. In some embodiments, after applying the nutritional components, the fibers are cured for a period of time. In some embodiments, the fibers are cured for 1 minute to about 12 hours. In some embodiments, the fibers are cured for 1 minute to about 2 hours. In some embodiments, the fibers can be cured at a temperature of about 0 to about 100° C. (e.g., about 0° C., 10° C., 20° C., 30° C., 40° C., 50° C., 60° C., 70° C., 80° C., 90° C., 100° C., or a temperature greater than about 100° C.) for about 1 minute to about 1 hour (e.g., 1 minute, 2 minutes, 5 minutes, 10 minutes, 20 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour, or more than about 1 hour). In some embodiments, the fiber can be cooled to about 0 to about 100° C. (e.g., 0° C., 10° C., 20° C., 30° C., 40° C., 50° C., 60° C., 70° C., 80° C., 90° C., 100° C., or greater than about 100° C.).

[0082]

[0088] In some embodiments, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) can be used to measure the thermal properties of the nutritional ingredients. In some embodiments, samples can be heated under nitrogen gas flow at about 1 mL / min, 2 mL / min, 5 mL / min, 10 mL / min, 20 mL / min, 30 mL / min, 50 mL / min, or greater than about 50 mL / min. In some embodiments, thermogravimetric analysis can be performed on nutritional ingredients, uncoated fibers, or fibers coated with nutritional ingredients, or combinations thereof.

[0083]

[0089] In some embodiments, the coated fibers can be conditioned prior to tensile testing. In some embodiments, the fibers can be conditioned at temperatures between 0 and about 100°C (e.g., about 0°C, 10°C, 20°C, 30°C, 40°C, 50°C, 60°C, 70°C, 80°C, 90°C, 100°C) or greater than about 100°C. In some embodiments, the fibers can be conditioned at a relative humidity of about 20-80%. In some embodiments, the fibers can be conditioned at a relative humidity ranging from about 5% to about 80% (e.g., 5%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, or greater than 80%). In some embodiments, tensile testing of the conditioned fibers can be performed using an MTS-Q mechanical testing system. In some embodiments, in vitro release experiments can be performed to evaluate the release profile of the embedded nutrient complex. EXAMPLES

[0084]

[0090] Working Example

[0091] These examples are provided for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the claims provided herein.

[0085] Example 1: Treatment of raw fibres

[0092] Dry sisal fiber (Conifer Handmade) was weighed and gently stirred in a hot aqueous solution of 5.5 mL of Synthrapol® and 3.75 g of sodium carbonate per pound of dry sisal fiber. The fiber was removed from the prewash and rinsed thoroughly. The wet fiber was immersed in a mordant bath consisting of 10% by weight of dry fiber weight potassium aluminum sulfate dissolved in 3 gallons of warm water. After 30 minutes, the fiber was removed from the bath and rinsed thoroughly. The wet fiber was immersed in a solution of 5% by weight of dry fiber weight stirred into 3 gallons of warm water. After 5-10 minutes, the fiber was removed from the bath and rinsed thoroughly. The fiber was immersed in 5.5 mL of Synthrapol per pound of dry fiber weight in warm water for 10 minutes. The fibers were removed from the wash and rinsed under cold running water until the water was clear, then placed in an air-circulating oven at 50° C. for 24 hours. This procedure can be repeated with pineapple fiber (Conifer Handmade), or any other plant-based fiber.

[0086] Example 2: Benchmark Test

[0093] The benchmark test was carried out according to the method described in ASTM D3822. The linear density of each fiber was measured according to ASTM D1577. The single fiber specimens were broken at a on an MTS Q-Tester constant rate of extension (CRE) type tensile tester. The MTS Q-Tester was attached to a 5 lb load cell set with fixed clamps. The fibers were glued to a tin card mount with super glue (see Figure 1) and left to cure for 24 hours at 65% relative humidity and 72°F. The samples were loaded into a clamp with a 25.4 millimeter gap. The jaw position was adjusted to remove slack in the fiber. The loading rate was 15 mm / min as measured by ASTM D3822, as shown in Table 1. For best comparison, the tensile properties of the filaments were measured at the same extension rate. All fibers were tested in the dry state.

[0087] [Table 1]

[0088]

[0094] Tensile strength and elongation properties were tested for natural and synthetic fibers. Natural fibers tested for tensile strength and elongation properties included raw banana fiber (bleached, unwashed), banana hair yarn, Royal Society banana fiber, nettle fiber (bleached), nettle fiber (natural), pineapple fiber, pineapple (smooth) fiber, pineapple (hair) yarn, ramin, seaweed fiber, sisal fiber, human hair (black). Synthetic fibers tested for tensile strength and elongation properties included Kanekalon RastAfri TM - Black, Kanekalon RastAfri TM -Blonde, Kanekalon & Toyokalon RastAfri TM Malibu Afro kinky - Black, Kanekalon and Toyokalon RastAfri TM Included were Malibu Afro Kinky-Blonde, Brazilian Yaki Straight-Black (10in), Brazilian Kinky Straight-Black (12in), Brazilian Natural Straight (10in), Freetress® clean therapy-Black, Freetress® clean therapy-613 Blonde, Freetress® futura-Black, Freetress® futura bulk 144-Blonde. However, this method can be applied to testing the tensile strength and elongation properties of any fiber.

[0089]

[0095] Tensile strength and elongation properties were tested under knot conditions following the same protocol. First, the fibers were tied into a knot before being attached to the tin card mount. The protocol thereafter remained the same as above. Fibers tested under knot test conditions included Freetress futura-black, Kanekalon & Toyokalon RastAfri TM Malibu Afro kinky - Black, Kanekalon RastAfri TM-Black, Brazilian Natural Straight (10 in). However, tensile strength and elongation properties can be tested under knot conditions for any fiber. Tensile strength properties tested included peak load, break load, elongation at peak load, elongation at break load, % strain at peak load, % strain at break load, energy to break, fiber modulus, fiber density, and fiber toughness. The results are summarized in Tables 2 and 3 below.

[0090] [Table 2]

[0091] [Table 3]

[0092] [Table 4]

[0093]

[0096] The calculation methods for tensile strength and elongation properties were performed according to ASTM D3822.

[0094] Example 3: Preparation of Nutrient Complex Mixture

[0097] Hydrolyzed Jojoba Protein HP (Making Cosmetics) was combined with 10% by weight of hair growth complex Trichogen® VEG UL LS 9922 (BASF). The nutritional complex mixture was stirred and brought to 40°C ± 3°C. The mixture was stirred for an additional 35-45 minutes, cooled to room temperature (23°C ± 3°C) and the pH was adjusted to 4.5-5.0 with citric acid. The nutritional complex was stored at 4°C until incorporation into the carrier vehicle.

[0095]

[0098] Trichogen® VEG UL LS 9922 (BASF) is a composition containing Water, Panax Ginseng Root Extract, Arginine, Acetyl Tyrosine, Arctium Majus Root Extract, Hydrolyzed Soy Protein, Polyquaternium-11, PEG-12 Dimethicone, Calcium Pantothenate, Zinc Gluconate, Niacinamide, Ornithine HCl, Citrulline, Glucosamine HCl, and Biotin.

[0096] Example 4: Preparation of nutritional ingredients in a carrier vehicle (beta-cyclodextrin (BCD))

[0099] A 50 mL mixture of ethanol and deionized (DI) water (16.6 grams ethanol and 33.3 grams DI water) was prepared in a flask and placed in a water bath on a stirring hot plate at a temperature of 50-55°C. Five grams of beta-cyclodextrin was slowly added to the ethanol / water mixture and allowed to dissolve. 10% by weight jojoba oil (1.27 g / mL) was added dropwise to the solution. After all the jojoba oil was added, the temperature was reduced to 25°C. The mixture was stirred constantly at 25°C for 4 hours, removed from the water bath, and refrigerated at 4°C overnight. The next day, the solution was thawed and vacuum filtered to remove cryoprecipitates. The filtered nutritional powder was dried in a conventional oven at 25°C for 24 hours and then left at room temperature to reach moisture equilibrium. The mixture was collected and stored at room temperature.

[0097] Example 5: Preparation of nutritional ingredients in a carrier vehicle (liposomal microparticles)

[0100] A solution of distilled water (42.5% final weight), phosphatidylcholine (4.00% final weight) (Phospholipon® 90G) (Lipoid, alternatively Lipoid H100) is placed in the flask and the flask is continuously immersed in a 37° C. ultrasonic bath (Branson 2510MT ultrasonic cleaner) for 60 minutes.

[0098]

[0101] In a separate flask, distilled water (42.50% final weight), propylene glycol (10.00% final weight), and the nutrient complex of Example 3 (0.50% final weight) are stirred at medium speed for 30 minutes at 30° C.±3° C.

[0099]

[0102] The nutrient complex solution is added to the phosphatidylcholine solution, and the mixture is extruded 10 times through a plastic syringe equipped with a polycarbonate membrane filter (Advantec) with a pore size of 400 nm to produce a dispersion. Benzyl alcohol (0.5 final weight %) is added to the extruded dispersion, and the mixture is continuously immersed in an ultrasonic bath at 37°C for 60 minutes. The sonicated solution is lyophilized (Labonoco Freeze Zone) and stored at 4°C.

[0100] Example 6: Particle Testing (Particle Size Analysis)

[0103] Microscope: Carrier vehicle particles are suspended in distilled water at a ratio of 4: 1. The microscope is set at a path length of 1 cm, a scattering angle of 165, a pinhole set at 20 mm, and a refractive index of 1.3328, with 120 consecutive accumulations.

[0101]

[0104] DSC: 5 mg of carrier vehicle sample is weighed and placed in a pan covered with a lid with a pinhole. The sample is run from 25 to 120°C at a scan rate of 90°C / min, held at 120°C for 1 minute to ensure uniform heating of the sample, and then heated to 400°C at a rate of 10°C / min under an oxygen atmosphere (ultra-pure air). The thermal scan range is 25 to 250°C, and the heating rate is 10°C / min. The purge gas is nitrogen.

[0102]

[0105] Entrapment efficiency (EE): The amount of active compound entrapped in the carrier vehicle particles is measured spectrophotometrically (UV-Vis) at 280 nm. 5 mg of carrier vehicle sample is dissolved in 5 mL of 95 g / 100 mL acetonitrile and left for 24 hours. Prior to measurement, the solution is centrifuged at 3200 x g for 15 minutes to remove free BCD from the solution, leaving only the active compound. The entrapment efficiency can be calculated by the following formula: EE=100×(amount of entrapped active compound) / (amount of initial active compound), In this regard, the "amount of entrapped active compound" refers to the amount of compound present in the carrier vehicle particle, and the "amount of initial active compound" refers to the amount of compound initially used to prepare the carrier vehicle particle.

[0103]

[0106] Example 7: Fiber impregnation for hydrophobic and / or enhanced thermal processing using clay additives

[0107] Fiber impregnation for hydrophobic and / or enhanced thermal processes: An aqueous solution of 1.5 weight percent water-based silicone emulsion (e.g., Wacker® HC 303E (Wacker Chemical, catalog number 211699) (aqueous amino-modified polydimethylsiloxane emulsion)) was prepared by stirring the mixture at room temperature for 5 minutes. The solution was heated to 45°C ± 5°C. One pound of fiber was added to 4 liters of aqueous solution and the solution was covered with a lid. The solution was allowed to diffuse into the fiber with very gentle stirring for 10 minutes. The fiber was removed from the aqueous solution and placed in the spin cycle of a washing machine. The fiber was removed from the washing machine, placed on an aluminum tray, and placed in a 120°C oven for 5 minutes.

[0104]

[0108] Fiber impregnation for hydrophobic and / or enhanced thermal processes with clay additives: An aqueous solution of 1.5 weight percent Wacker® HC 303E (amino-modified polydimethylsiloxane aqueous emulsion) was prepared by stirring the mixture at room temperature for 5 minutes. A clay additive (Sigma Aldrich, catalog number 685445) at 0.5 weight percent in the solution was intercalated by sonicating for 30 minutes using an ultrasonic bath. The solution was heated to 45°C ± 5°C. One pound of fiber was added to 4 liters of aqueous solution and the solution was covered with a lid. The solution was allowed to diffuse into the fiber with very gentle stirring for 10 minutes. The fiber was removed from the aqueous solution and placed in the spin cycle of a washing machine. The fiber was removed from the washing machine, placed on an aluminum tray, and placed in a 120°C oven for 5 minutes.

[0105]

[0109] Fiber Coating for Flexibility and Sheen Shine: An aqueous solution of a nonionic emulsion of dimethicone (e.g., BELSIL® DM 5102 E (Wacker Chemical, Cat. No. 60080079) (aqueous nonionic dimethicone silicone emulsion)) and a nonionic microemulsion of amino-functional polydimethylsiloxane (e.g., BELSIL® ADM 8301 E (aqueous nonionic amino-functional silicone emulsion)) in a 1:1 weight ratio was prepared by stirring the mixture at room temperature for 5 minutes. The solution was heated to 45°C ± 5°C. One pound of fiber was added to 4 liters of the aqueous solution and covered with a lid. The solution was allowed to diffuse into the fiber with very gentle stirring for 5 minutes. The fiber was removed from the aqueous solution and placed in the spin cycle of a washing machine. The fiber was set into the desired pattern and shape by rolling on a rod. The fiber was placed on an aluminum tray and placed in a 75°C oven to anneal for 45 minutes. The fibers were removed from the oven and allowed to cool to room temperature.

[0106]

[0110] Fiber coating for softness and shine with additional nutritional particles: An aqueous solution of BELSIL® DM 5102 E (aqueous nonionic dimethicone silicone emulsion):BELSIL® ADM 8301 E (aqueous nonionic amino-functional silicone emulsion) in a 1:1 weight ratio was prepared by stirring the mixture at room temperature for 5 minutes. 0.5 weight percent of nutritional additive in particle form was dispersed in the solution by sonicating for 30 minutes using an ultrasonic bath. The solution was heated to 45°C ± 5°C. One pound of fiber was added to 4 liters of the aqueous solution and covered with a lid. The solution was allowed to diffuse into the fiber with very gentle stirring for 5 minutes. The fiber was removed from the aqueous solution and placed in the spin cycle of a washing machine. The fiber was set into the desired pattern and shape by rolling on a rod. The fiber was placed on an aluminum tray and placed in a 75°C oven to anneal for 45 minutes. The fiber was removed from the oven and left to cool to room temperature.

[0107]

[0111] Example 8: Preparation and application of chitosan-based nutrient layer (microparticles and polymer binder)

[0112] Fiber Impregnation for Enhanced Flame Retardancy: Prepare an aqueous solution of 1.5% weight percent low molecular weight chitosan and 15% weight percent flame retardant by stirring the mixture at room temperature for 5 minutes. Heat the solution to 45°C ± 5°C. Add 1 pound of fiber to 4 liters of aqueous solution and cover with a lid. Allow the solution to diffuse into the fiber with very gentle stirring for 10 minutes. Remove the fiber from the aqueous solution and place in the spin cycle of a washing machine. Remove the fiber from the washing machine, place on an aluminum tray, and place in an oven at 80-100°C for 5 minutes.

[0108]

[0113] Tidal Vision - Tidal Tex TM (Cat. No. 11607 2%) can also be used as a solution. Tidal Vision - Tidal Tex TM is a composition containing water, chitosan, and an organic acid, such as citric acid, acetic acid, lactic acid, and / or dl-malic acid.

[0109]

[0114] From the above description, it will be apparent that changes and modifications can be made to the disclosure set forth herein for adoption to various applications and conditions. Such embodiments also fall within the scope of the following claims.

[0110]

[0115] The recitation of a list of elements in any definition of a variable herein includes definitions of that variable as any single element or combination (or subcombination) of the listed elements. The recitation of an embodiment herein includes that embodiment as any single embodiment, as any portion of an embodiment, or in combination with any other embodiment or any portion thereof.

[0111]

[0116] Example 9: Preparation and Application of Chitosan-Based and Silicone-Based Nourishing Finishes (Filled Oleosomes + Polymeric Binder)

[0117] The materials for the dispersions were constructed from the components listed in Table 4 for three formulations (Formulations 1, 2 and 3).

[0112] [Table 5]

[0113]

[0118] Ingredients: Tidal Vision - Tidal Tex TM is a composition containing water, citric acid, 1.5% low or high molecular weight chitosan, acetic acid, and 15% flame retardant. BELSIL® DM 5102 E (Wacker Chemical, catalog number 60080079) is an aqueous non-ionic emulsion of dimethicone silicone. BELSIL® ADM 8301 E (Wacker Chemical) is a non-ionic microemulsion of amino-functional polydimethylsiloxane. Hydresia (Botaneco) oleosome emulsifier is a composition containing micron-sized spheres of vegetable triglyceride oil and vitamin E surrounded by a phospholipid monolayer with an oleosin protein coat. Optiphen Plus (Essential Wholesale) is a composition containing phenoxyethanol, sorbic acid, and capryl glycol. Trichogen VEG UL LS 9922 (BASF) is a composition containing water, acetyl tyrosine, arginine, phenoxyethanol, dimethicone copolyol, calcium pantothenate, zinc gluconate, ornithine HCl, niacinamide, polyquaternium-11, citrulline, hydrolyzed soy protein, disodium succinate, glucosamine HCl, Arctium majus extract, Panax ginseng extract, and biotin.

[0114]

[0119] Dispersion of filled oleosomes throughout the aqueous silicone-based polymer binder material: For each of formulas 1 and 3, a Phase A solution was prepared by stirring and gradually heating the mixture to 60°C ± 5°C over 15 minutes, then allowing to cool to 55°C ± 2°C. For formula 2, a Phase A solution was prepared by stirring and gradually heating the mixture to 55° ± 2°C over 10 minutes. Phase B solution was gradually added under constant stirring. The mixture was allowed to stabilize at 55°C ± 2°C and stirred for an additional 20 minutes. The solution temperature was reduced to 45°C ± 5°C and maintained at temperature while gradually adding Phase C solution under constant stirring. After completion of Phase C addition and temperature stabilization at 45°C ± 5°C, the solution ("nutrient finish solution") was homogenized by stirring at 3000-5000 RPM for 1-2 minutes. The nutrient finish solution was cooled to 23°C ± 2°C and stored in a closed container in the dark at room temperature (23°C ± 2°C).

[0115]

[0120] Application of polymer binder to fiber and curing: Banana or modacrylic fiber was gently agitated in a 5% apple cider vinegar (ACV) wash (1:1 volume percent) for 1 minute. The fiber was rinsed by replacing the ACV wash with DI water until a pH of 6.5-7.5 was obtained. The fiber was removed from the aqueous solution, spread on an absorbent surface, and air-dried at room temperature (23°C ± 2°C) for 24 hours. The dry weight of the fiber was recorded. Each nutrient finish solution was heated to 30°C ± 2°C and brushed onto the fiber using a hair dye / dye brush (one nutrient finish per fiber batch). The fiber was removed from the absorbent cloth and the weight of the fiber was recorded. The fiber was placed on an aluminum tray covered with wax paper and cured in a 60°C oven for 30 minutes. The fiber was removed and left to cool to 23°C ± 2°C. The final weight of the fiber was recorded in Table 5.

[0116] [Table 6]

[0117]

[0121] Example 10: Characterization of Fibers and Coated Fibers

[0122] Differential Scanning Calorimetry: Thermal properties are tested by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) method using a TA Q2000 Differential Scanning Calorimeter (TA Instruments, New Castle, Delaware, USA). DSC analysis is performed on the final nutrient film, uncoated fiber, and nutrient film coated fiber from Example 9. Samples are tested in hermetically sealed pans and subjected to heat-cool-heat cycles from 20°C to 250°C under nitrogen gas flow (20 mL / min) with an initial heating rate of 10°C / min, a cooling rate of 20°C / min, and a final heating rate of 10°C / min. Sample weights range from 5 to 10 mg.

[0118]

[0123] Thermogravimetric analysis: Thermogravimetric (TGA) analysis is performed on the final nutrient film, uncoated fiber, and fiber coated with nutrient film from Example 9. The cured nutrient film is prepared by drawing down the nutrient solution onto a glass plate and leaving it to form a film at room temperature for a minimum of 24 hours. TG analysis is performed in a TA Q500 Thermogravimetric Analyzer TGA (TA Instruments, New Castle, Del., USA) by heating the samples from 25° C. to 600° C. in air flow (50 mL / min) at a heating rate of 5° C. / min.

[0119]

[0124] Tensile Properties: Prior to tensile testing, the coated fibers are conditioned at 25°C and 65% relative humidity. Tensile testing of the conditioned fibers is then performed using an MTS-Q mechanical testing system according to ASTM D3822. Load-displacement data is processed using TestXpert data acquisition software. Mechanical testing is performed using a 25 millimeter gauge length, a crosshead speed of 15 mm / min, and a 5 lb load cell. A total of twelve (12) specimens are tested for each sample. Fiber toughness is determined from the area under the stress-strain curve.

[0120]

[0125] In vitro release testing of nutrient complexes from final nutrient finishes: In vitro release experiments were performed to evaluate the release profiles of nutrient complexes embedded within various polymer films and applied to modacrylic fibers. Nutrient films were applied to modacrylic fibers by brushing the uncured coating onto the fiber surface, followed by curing the coated fibers at 60°C for 30 minutes. The coated and cured fibers (29±4 mg) were then added to a scintillation vial filled with 20 milliliters of deionized water and gently agitated using an orbital shaker at room temperature (23±2°C) for up to 48 hours.

[0121]

[0126] In vitro release experiments were performed to evaluate the release profiles of nutrient complexes embedded within various polymer films and applied to modacrylic fibers. Nutrient films were applied to modacrylic fibers by brushing the uncured coating onto the fiber surface and subsequently curing the coated fibers at 60°C for 30 minutes. The coated and cured fibers (29±4 mg) were then added to a scintillation vial filled with 20 milliliters of deionized water and gently agitated using an orbital shaker at room temperature (23±2°C) for up to 96 hours.

[0122]

[0127] To generate the standard curve, 0.5 mL (33.6 mg) of Trichogen VEG UL 9922 was measured and solubilized in 20 mL of deionized water. This solution was diluted to obtain standard solutions with concentrations ranging from 10.5 to 28 mL / L. The absorbance of the standard solutions was measured by a UV-Vis spectrophotometer (Thermo Scientific NanoDrop 2000 UV-Vis Spectrophotometer, ThermoFisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA). Exemplary results are shown in Table 6. The UV-Vis spectrophotometer measurements were used to generate a standard curve against a deionized water blank. The standard curve was generated using a lambda max (λmax) wavelength value of 269 nm. The wavelength of 269 nm was chosen as the lambda max (λmax) because little or no overlap due to absorbance from the polymer binder material was observed. After the λmax was determined at each of the specific dilutions, the standard curve of concentration versus absorbance was plotted to derive a linear regression equation. Exemplary results are shown in FIG.

[0123] [Table 7]

[0124]

[0128] To determine the released drug concentration of Trichogen VEG UL 9922 for each sample, 2 milliliters of liquid were removed from each scintillation vial at predetermined time intervals (0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 24, 72, and 96 hours) and analyzed using a Thermo Scientific NanoDrop 2000 UV-Vis spectrophotometer (ThermoFisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) at wavelengths of 400 nm to 200 nm. The unknown concentration of Trichogen VEG UL 9922 released over time was calculated against the calibration curve using the following formula: y = 0.0019x + 1.8988, where y is the absorbance (A) observed from the UV-Vis data and x is the unknown concentration. For each experiment, three replicates were performed. The absorbance over time of the modacrylic fiber was measured by spectrophotometry. Exemplary results are shown in Figure 3. The release of Trichogen VEG UL 9922 from the nutrient coating applied to modacrylic fiber was measured, an exemplary result of which is shown in FIG. 4. The absorbance of banana fiber coated with the nutrient coating was measured, an exemplary result of which is shown in FIG. 5. The release of Trichogen VEG UL 9922 from the nutrient coating applied to banana fiber was measured by spectrophotometry, an exemplary result of which is shown in FIG. 6.

Claims

1. An outer coating material; and A nutritional component; A coating for hair fibers, comprising: at least a part of the nutritional component is embedded in the outer coating material, and the nutritional component is contained in a carrier vehicle.

2. The coating according to claim 1, wherein the nutritional component comprises one or more of essential oils, metals, plant extracts, vegetable oils, proteins, and peptides.

3. The coating according to claim 1, wherein the nutritional component has antibacterial activity.

4. The coating according to claim 1, comprising oleosomes filled with a nutritional component and a polymer binder.

5. The coating according to claim 1, wherein the outer coating contains a conditioning agent.

6. The coating according to claim 1, wherein the carrier vehicle is selected from the group consisting of release control particles, cyclodextrin particles, hydrogels, sol-gels, liposome structures, and halloysite nanotubes.

7. A hair fiber comprising the coating according to claim 1 and a core fiber.

8. The hair fiber according to claim 7, wherein the outer coating is fixed to the core fiber by covalent bonding or mechanical attachment to one or more surface-accessible end groups.

9. The hair fiber according to claim 7, wherein the nutritional component comprises one or more of essential oils, metals, plant extracts, vegetable oils, proteins, and peptides.

10. The hair fiber according to claim 7, wherein the carrier vehicle is selected from the group consisting of release control particles, cyclodextrin particles, hydrogels, sol-gels, liposome structures, and halloysite nanotubes.

11. The hair fiber according to claim 7, wherein the core fiber comprises a bio-based synthetic fiber selected from the group consisting of starch-based, cellulose-based, protein-based, lipid-derived polymers, genetically engineered raw materials, bio-derived polyethylene, polyhydroxyalkanoates, polyhydroxyurethanes, polylactic acid, poly-3-hydroxybutyrate, and polyamide 11.

12. The hair fiber according to claim 7, wherein the outer coating contains one or more of a conditioning agent and an antistatic agent.

13. The hair fiber according to claim 7, wherein the fiber core is dyed or colored.

14. The hair fiber according to claim 7, having a strength of about 0.5 cN / dtex to about 5 cN / dtex. The hair fiber according to claim 7, wherein 5% or less of the hair fiber is decomposed at a temperature up to 450°F. **Claim 16**: (i) a core fiber; (ii) an outer coating associated with the core fiber; and (iii) a nutrient component associated with the outer coating, the nutrient component being contained in a carrier vehicle; A hair fiber comprising: the hair fiber being produced by a method comprising the following steps: (a) obtaining a core fiber; (b) coating the core fiber with an outer coating to obtain a hair fiber comprising a coated core fiber; and (c) applying a nutrient component to the core fiber. The hair fiber produced by the method comprising the above steps.

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