Polarization-adjusted channel coding design for reduced complexity

Abstract

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communication are described. A transmitting device may assign a set of information bits to multiple subsets of bits corresponding to channel instances of a channel. The transmitting device may encode a first subset of bits according to a first channel coding scheme for a first channel instance and a second subset of bits according to a second channel coding scheme for a second channel instance. The transmitting device may input the encoded subsets of bits to a polarization transform, which may output a set of encoded polarization bits that are transmitted to a receiving device. Upon receiving the encoded polarization bits, the receiving device may apply a depolarization transform to obtain multiple subsets of bits corresponding to channel instances of the channel and may decode each subset of bits according to a respective channel coding scheme.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] cross reference This patent application claims the benefit of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 17 / 736,675 by YANG et al., entitled “POLARIZATION ADJUSTED CHANNEL CODING DESIGN FOR COMPLEXITY REDUCTION,” filed May 4, 2022, which is assigned to the assignee of the present application.

[0002] The following relates to wireless communications, including polarization-adjusted channel coding designs for reduced complexity. [Background technology]

[0003] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various types of communication content, such as voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcasts, etc. These systems may be capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., time, frequency, and power). Examples of such multiple-access systems include fourth generation (4G) systems, such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems, LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) systems, or LTE-A Pro systems, and fifth generation (5G) systems, sometimes referred to as New Radio (NR) systems. These systems may employ technologies such as code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA), or discrete Fourier transform spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-S-OFDM), etc. A wireless multiple-access communication system may include one or more base stations each supporting wireless communication for communication devices, which may be known as user equipment (UE).

[0004] A transmitting device (e.g., a network entity, UE) may encode a set of information bits using an encoding algorithm. Some encoding techniques use a reliability metric during encoding and decoding such that information bits may be loaded into a channel instance (of the encoder or decoder) associated with a preferred (e.g., high) reliability metric. However, such techniques may require a large amount of storage and / or may be computationally complex or resource heavy. For example, as throughput increases, the computational complexity and associated computational power requirements of some decoding techniques may also increase. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The described techniques relate to improved methods, systems, devices, and apparatuses that support a polarization-adjusted channel coding design for complexity reduction. For example, the described techniques provide a transmitting device for allocating a set of information bits to multiple subsets of bits corresponding to channel instances (e.g., polarization levels) of a channel. Each subset of bits may be coded according to a respective channel coding scheme, and the coded subsets of bits may be input to a polarization transformation. The coded polarization bits (e.g., bits output from the polarization transformation) may be concatenated, modulated, and transmitted to a receiving device. Upon receiving the coded polarization bits, after demodulation, the receiving device may apply a depolarization transformation to obtain multiple subsets of bits corresponding to channel instances of the channel. The receiving device may decode each subset of bits according to a respective channel decoding scheme, and may concatenate and process the decoded subsets of bits to obtain a set of bits corresponding to a set of information bits.

[0006] A method for wireless communication in a first wireless device is described that may include dividing a set of information bits into a set of multiple subsets of bits corresponding to a plurality of polarization levels, encoding a first subset of bits corresponding to the set of the multiple subsets for a first polarization level of the plurality of polarization levels according to a first channel coding scheme, encoding a second subset of bits of the set of the multiple subsets for a second polarization level of the plurality of polarization levels according to a second channel coding scheme, performing a polarization transformation using the encoded first subset of bits of the first polarization level and the encoded second subset of bits of the second polarization level to obtain a set of output bits corresponding to the set of information bits, and transmitting the set of output bits to a second wireless device.

[0007] An apparatus for wireless communication in a first wireless device is described. The apparatus may include a memory, a transmitter, and a communications manager communicatively coupled to the memory and the transmitter. The communications manager may be configured to: divide a set of information bits into a plurality of subsets of bits corresponding to a set of a plurality of polarization level schemes, encode a first subset of bits corresponding to the set of the plurality of subsets for a first polarization level of the plurality of polarization levels according to a first channel coding scheme, encode a second subset of bits of the set of the plurality of subsets for a second polarization level of the plurality of polarization levels according to a second channel coding scheme, perform a polarization transformation using the encoded first subset of bits of the first polarization level and the encoded second subset of bits of the second polarization level to obtain a set of output bits corresponding to the set of information bits, and transmit the set of output bits to a second wireless device.

[0008] Another apparatus for wireless communication in a first wireless device is described that may include means for dividing a set of information bits into a set of multiple subsets of bits corresponding to a plurality of polarization levels, means for encoding a first subset of bits corresponding to the set of multiple subsets for a first polarization level of the plurality of polarization levels according to a first channel coding scheme, means for encoding a second subset of bits of the set of multiple subsets for a second polarization level of the plurality of polarization levels according to a second channel coding scheme, means for performing a polarization transformation using the encoded first subset of bits of the first polarization level and the encoded second subset of bits of the second polarization level to obtain a set of output bits corresponding to the set of information bits, and means for transmitting the set of output bits to a second wireless device.

[0009] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication in a first wireless device is described, which may include instructions executable by a processor to divide a set of information bits into a set of multiple subsets of bits corresponding to a plurality of polarization levels, encode a first subset of bits corresponding to the set of multiple subsets for a first polarization level of the plurality of polarization levels according to a first channel coding scheme, encode a second subset of bits of the set of multiple subsets for a second polarization level of the plurality of polarization levels according to a second channel coding scheme, perform a polarization transformation using the encoded first subset of bits of the first polarization level and the encoded second subset of bits of the second polarization level to obtain a set of output bits corresponding to the set of information bits, and transmit the set of output bits to a second wireless device.

[0010] Some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may include encoding a third subset of bits of the set of the plurality of subsets together with a second subset of bits for a third polarization level of the plurality of polarization levels according to a second channel coding scheme, where the polarization conversion may be performed using the encoded first subset of bits of the first polarization level, the encoded second subset of bits of the second polarization level, and the encoded third subset of bits of the third polarization level.

[0011] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, partitioning the set of information bits may include operations, features, means, or instructions for partitioning the set of information bits into a set of multiple subsets of bits based on an amount of encoding levels associated with one or more encoding procedures for the set of information bits, where the amount of the set of multiple subsets of bits may be equal to the amount of encoding levels.

[0012] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, performing a polarization transformation may include operations, features, means, or instructions for performing a polarization transformation on a set of multiple encoded subsets of bits corresponding to a set of multiple channels based on an amount of polarization levels for the polarization transformation, where the amount of the set of multiple encoded subsets of bits may be equal to the amount of polarization levels for the polarization transformation.

[0013] Some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for determining a first subset of coding levels associated with a first channel coding scheme and determining a second subset of coding levels associated with a second channel coding scheme, where the first subset of bits and the second subset of bits may be coded based on the first subset of coding levels and the second subset of coding levels.

[0014] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, a first subset of the encoding levels may be associated with a first channel coding scheme based on the channel reliability of the first polarization level, and a second subset of the encoding levels may be associated with a second channel coding scheme based on the channel reliability of the second polarization level.

[0015] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the first channel coding scheme may be different from the second channel coding scheme.

[0016] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the first channel coding scheme includes a low-density parity check (LDPC) coding scheme.

[0017] Some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for performing a first cyclic redundancy check (CRC) procedure using a first subset of the bits and performing a second CRC procedure using a second subset of the bits.

[0018] Some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for selecting a first coding rate for a first channel coding scheme based on an effective coding rate and a mutual information polarization function associated with one or more encoding procedures for a set of information bits, and selecting a second coding rate for a second channel coding scheme based on the effective coding rate and the mutual information polarization function, where the first coding rate may be different from the second coding rate.

[0019] Some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for selecting a first channel coding scheme based on a first encoding rate satisfying a threshold and selecting a second channel coding scheme based on a second encoding rate satisfying a threshold.

[0020] Some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for concatenating one or more sets of polarization bits output after performing a polarization transformation, where the set of output bits comprises the concatenated one or more sets of polarization bits.

[0021] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, partitioning the set of information bits may include operations, features, means, or instructions for determining a first amount of information bits included in a first subset of bits of the set of multiple subsets based on a total amount of information bits in the set of information bits and an effective coding rate associated with one or more coding procedures for the information bits, and determining a second amount of information bits included in a second subset of bits of the set of multiple subsets based on the total amount of information bits in the set of information bits and the effective coding rate.

[0022] Some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for determining a first mutual information polarization function for a first polarization level of the plurality of polarization levels based on the effective encoding rate and a capacity of the first polarization level, where a first amount of information bits may be determined based on the first mutual information polarization function, and determining a second mutual information polarization function for a second polarization level of the plurality of polarization levels based on the effective encoding rate and a capacity of the second polarization level, where a second amount of information bits may be determined based on the second mutual information polarization function.

[0023] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the polarization transformation may be based on a polar code, and the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media may include further operations, features, means, or instructions for determining a second amount of information bits based on the first amount of information bits, and determining a third amount of information bits included in a third subset of the set of the plurality of subsets based on the total amount of information bits of the set of information bits, the effective coding rate, and the second amount of information bits.

[0024] Some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may further include an operation, feature, means, or instruction for receiving from the second wireless device a signal indicating a total amount of information bits and an effective coding rate of the set of information bits.

[0025] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the first channel coding scheme and the second channel coding scheme include at least one of an LDPC coding scheme, a Reed-Solomon coding scheme, a forward error correction (FEC) coding scheme, a polar coding scheme, a Reed-Muller coding scheme, a staircase coding scheme, a product coding scheme, a convolutional coding scheme, a turbo coding scheme, or a combination thereof.

[0026] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, performing the polarization transformation may include operations, features, means, or instructions for encoding the first subset of bits and the second subset of bits using an inner error correcting code.

[0027] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, encoding the first subset of bits and the second subset of bits using an inner error correcting code may include operations, features, means, or instructions for jointly encoding a first bit from the first subset of bits and a second bit from the second subset of bits using a first inner error correcting code, and jointly encoding a third bit from the first subset of bits and a fourth bit from the second subset of bits using a second inner error correcting code.

[0028] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the inner error correcting code comprises a simplex code.

[0029] A method for wireless communication in a first wireless device is described, which may include receiving an encoded set of bits corresponding to a set of information bits, performing a depolarization transformation using the encoded set of bits to obtain a set of a plurality of subsets of bits corresponding to a plurality of polarization levels, the set of the plurality of subsets of bits including at least a first subset of bits and a second subset of bits, decoding the first subset of bits of the set of the plurality of subsets for a first polarization level of the plurality of polarization levels according to a first channel decoding scheme, decoding the second subset of bits of the set of the plurality of subsets for a second polarization level of a set of a second plurality of polarization levels according to a second channel decoding scheme, and processing the decoded first subset of bits and the decoded second subset of bits to obtain a set of decoded bits corresponding to the set of information bits.

[0030] An apparatus for wireless communication in a first wireless device is described. The apparatus may include a memory, a receiver, and a communications manager communicatively coupled to the memory and the receiver. The communications manager may be configured to: receive an encoded set of bits corresponding to a set of information bits, perform a depolarization transformation using the encoded set of bits to obtain a set of a plurality of subsets of bits corresponding to a plurality of polarization levels, the set of a plurality of subsets of bits including at least a first subset of bits and a second subset of bits, decode the first subset of bits of the set of a plurality of subsets for a first polarization level of the plurality of polarization levels according to a first channel decoding scheme, decode the second subset of bits of the set of a plurality of subsets for a second polarization level of the plurality of polarization levels according to a second channel decoding scheme, and process the decoded first subset of bits and the decoded second subset of bits to obtain a set of decoded bits corresponding to the set of information bits.

[0031] Another apparatus for wireless communication in a first wireless device is described, which may include means for receiving an encoded set of bits corresponding to a set of information bits, means for performing a depolarization transformation using the encoded set of bits to obtain a set of a plurality of subsets of bits corresponding to a plurality of polarization levels, the set of the plurality of subsets of bits including at least a first subset of bits and a second subset of bits, means for decoding the first subset of bits of the set of the plurality of subsets for a first polarization level of a plurality of polarization levels according to a first channel decoding scheme, means for decoding the second subset of bits of the set of the plurality of subsets for a second polarization level of a second set of a plurality of polarization levels according to a second channel decoding scheme, and means for processing the decoded first subset of bits and the decoded second subset of bits to obtain a set of decoded bits corresponding to the set of information bits.

[0032] A non-transitory computer readable medium storing code for wireless communication in a first wireless device is described, which may include instructions executable by a processor to receive an encoded set of bits corresponding to a set of information bits, perform a depolarization transformation using the encoded set of bits to obtain a set of a plurality of subsets of bits corresponding to a plurality of polarization levels, the set of a plurality of subsets of bits including at least a first subset of bits and a second subset of bits, decode the first subset of bits of the set of a plurality of subsets for a first polarization level of the set of a plurality of polarization levels according to a first channel decoding scheme, decode the second subset of bits of the set of a plurality of subsets for a second polarization level of the plurality of polarization levels according to a second channel decoding scheme, and process the decoded first subset of bits and the decoded second subset of bits to obtain a set of decoded bits corresponding to the set of information bits.

[0033] Some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein encode a third subset of bits of the set of the plurality of subsets together with the second subset of bits for a third polarization level of the plurality of polarization levels according to a second channel decoding scheme.

[0034] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the set of multiple subsets of bits may be based on an amount of encoding levels associated with one or more decoding procedures of the set of information bits, and the amount of the set of multiple subsets of bits may be equal to the amount of encoding levels.

[0035] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, performing a depolarization transformation may include operations, features, means, or instructions for performing a depolarization transformation on a set of multiple encoded subsets of bits corresponding to a set of multiple channels based on an amount of polarization levels for the depolarization transformation, where the amount of the set of multiple encoded subsets of bits may be equal to the amount of polarization levels for the depolarization transformation.

[0036] Some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for determining a first subset of coding levels associated with a first channel decoding scheme and determining a second subset of coding levels associated with a second channel decoding scheme, where the first subset of bits and the second subset of bits may be decoded based on the first subset of coding levels and the second subset of coding levels.

[0037] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, a first subset of the coding levels may be associated with a first channel decoding scheme based on the channel reliability of the first polarization level, and a second subset of the coding levels may be associated with a second channel decoding scheme based on the channel reliability of the second polarization level.

[0038] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the first channel decoding scheme may be different from the second channel decoding scheme. In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the first channel decoding scheme includes an LDPC coding scheme.

[0039] Some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for performing a first CRC procedure using a first subset of the bits and performing a second CRC procedure using a second subset of the bits.

[0040] Some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for selecting a first coding rate for a first channel decoding scheme based on an effective coding rate and a mutual information polarization function associated with one or more encoding procedures for a set of information bits, and selecting a second coding rate for a second channel decoding scheme based on the effective coding rate and the mutual information polarization function, where the first coding rate may be different from the second coding rate.

[0041] Some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for selecting a first channel decoding scheme based on a first encoding rate satisfying a threshold and selecting a second channel decoding scheme based on a second encoding rate satisfying a threshold.

[0042] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, processing the decoded first subset of bits and the decoded second subset of bits may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for concatenating one or more subsets of the decoded bits including at least the decoded first subset of bits and the decoded second subset of bits, where the set of decoded bits includes the concatenated one or more subsets of the decoded bits.

[0043] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, performing the depolarization transformation may include operations, features, means, or instructions for determining a first amount of information bits included in a first subset of bits of the set of multiple subsets based on a total amount of information bits of the set of information bits and an effective coding rate associated with one or more decoding procedures for the information bits, and determining a second amount of information bits included in a second subset of bits of the set of multiple subsets based on the total amount of information bits of the set of information bits and the effective coding rate.

[0044] Some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for determining a first mutual information polarization function for a first polarization level of the plurality of polarization levels based on the effective encoding rate and a capacity of the first polarization level, where a first amount of information bits may be determined based on the first mutual information polarization function, and determining a second mutual information polarization function for a second polarization level of the plurality of polarization levels based on the effective encoding rate and a capacity of the second polarization level, where a second amount of information bits may be determined based on the second mutual information polarization function.

[0045] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the depolarization transformation may be based on a polar code, and the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media may include further operations, features, means, or instructions for determining a second amount of information bits based on the first amount of information bits, and determining a third amount of information bits included in a third subset of the set of the plurality of subsets based on the total amount of information bits of the set of information bits, the effective coding rate, and the second amount of information bits.

[0046] Some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving a signal indicative of a total amount of information bits and an effective coding rate of the set of information bits.

[0047] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the first channel decoding scheme and the second channel decoding scheme include at least one of an LDPC coding scheme, a Reed-Solomon coding scheme, an FEC coding scheme, a Polar coding scheme, a Reed-Muller coding scheme, a staircase coding scheme, a product coding scheme, a convolutional coding scheme, a turbo coding scheme, or a combination thereof.

[0048] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, performing a depolarization transformation may include operations, features, means, or instructions for decoding the first subset of bits and the second subset of bits using an inner error correcting code.

[0049] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, decoding the first subset of bits and the second subset of bits using the inner error correcting code may include operations, features, means, or instructions for decoding a first bit from the first subset of bits and a second bit from the second subset of bits together using a first inner error correcting code, and decoding a third bit from the first subset of bits and a fourth bit from the second subset of bits together using a second inner error correcting code.

[0050] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the inner error correcting code comprises a simplex code. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0051] [Figure 1] 1 illustrates an example of a wireless communication system that supports a polarization-adjusted channel coding design for reduced complexity, in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. [Diagram 2] 1 illustrates an example of a wireless communication system that supports a polarization-adjusted channel coding design for reduced complexity, in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. [Diagram 3] 1 illustrates an example of an encoder that supports a polarization-adjusted channel coding design for reduced complexity, in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. [Figure 4] 1 illustrates an example of a coding scheme that supports a polarization-adjusted channel coding design for reduced complexity, in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. [Diagram 5] 1 illustrates an example of a decoding scheme that supports a polarization-adjusted channel coding design for reduced complexity, in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. [Figure 6] 1 illustrates an example of a process flow supporting polarization-adjusted channel coding design for reduced complexity, in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. [Figure 7] 1 illustrates a block diagram of a device that supports a polarization-adjusted channel coding design for reduced complexity in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. [Figure 8] 1 illustrates a block diagram of a device that supports a polarization-adjusted channel coding design for reduced complexity in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. [Figure 9] 1 illustrates a block diagram of a communications manager that supports a polarization-adjusted channel coding design for reduced complexity, in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. [Figure 10] FIG. 1 illustrates a diagram of a system including a device that supports a polarization-adjusted channel coding design for reduced complexity in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. [Figure 11] 1 illustrates a block diagram of a device that supports a polarization-adjusted channel coding design for reduced complexity in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. [Figure 12] 1 illustrates a block diagram of a device that supports a polarization-adjusted channel coding design for reduced complexity in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. [Figure 13] 1 illustrates a block diagram of a communications manager that supports a polarization-adjusted channel coding design for reduced complexity, in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. [Figure 14]FIG. 1 illustrates a diagram of a system including a device that supports a polarization-adjusted channel coding design for reduced complexity in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. [Figure 15] 1 illustrates a flowchart illustrating a method for supporting polarization-adjusted channel coding design for reduced complexity, in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. [Figure 16] 1 illustrates a flowchart illustrating a method for supporting polarization-adjusted channel coding design for reduced complexity, in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. [Figure 17] 1 illustrates a flowchart illustrating a method for supporting polarization-adjusted channel coding design for reduced complexity, in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. [Figure 18] 1 illustrates a flowchart illustrating a method for supporting polarization-adjusted channel coding design for reduced complexity, in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0052] A transmitting device (e.g., a network entity, UE) may code a set of information bits using a channel coding scheme (e.g., a coding algorithm). For example, an error correcting code may introduce redundant or frozen bits (i.e., non-information bits) into the set of information bits according to a coding rate. A lower coding rate may correspond to increased redundancy (e.g., more redundant bits are added), which may improve the likelihood that a transmission error may be detected and corrected (by a receiving device). A higher coding rate may correspond to fewer redundant bits added and a larger overall proportion of information bits.

[0053] In some examples, the transmitting device may further apply channel polarization to the channel to obtain multiple channel instances (i.e., coding branches, polarization levels). The transmitting device may assign one or more of the information bits (e.g., further one or more non-information bits) to each channel instance to be encoded. Each channel instance may be associated with a reliability metric that may be related, for example, to the capacity, reliability, information rate, etc. of the channel instance. The reliability metric of a channel instance may indicate the likelihood that bits assigned to the channel instance (e.g., for transmission) will be successfully received and decoded by a receiver. Thus, to improve the probability of successful decoding, the transmitting device (e.g., an encoder of the transmitting device) may assign some portion (i.e., a subset) of the bits to channel instances associated with a preferred (e.g., high) reliability metric and other portions of the bits to channel instances associated with a lower reliability metric.

[0054] The transmitting device may modulate and transmit the coded information bits (and non-information bits) to the receiving device, and the receiving device may process the received coded information bits. For example, after demodulation, a decoder of the receiving device may decode the coded information bits according to a channel decoding scheme to obtain a decoded set of output bits including (i.e., corresponding to) the information bits. However, some examples of decoding schemes and techniques may be associated with relatively high computational complexity. Some receiving devices may not be able to support such decoding schemes, for example, due to lack of computational power. In addition, as the throughput on the channel increases, some complex decoding schemes may be associated with reduced communication efficiency.

[0055] Techniques described herein support a framework for reduced complexity channel coding without reducing throughput or performance. For example, a transmitting device (e.g., an encoder of the transmitting device) may divide a set of information bits into multiple subsets of bits corresponding to a set of channel instances of a channel. In some examples, the subsets of bits may have different amounts of bits (e.g., may have unequal payload sizes). The transmitting device may encode each subset of bits separately (e.g., according to a respective channel coding scheme). In some cases, the transmitting device may encode each subset of bits according to a different channel coding scheme using a different coding rate, or a combination thereof. For example, the transmitting device may apply a first channel coding scheme to a first subset of bits based on a reliability metric of a channel instance associated with the first subset of bits. Alternatively, the transmitting device may apply a second different channel coding scheme to a second subset of bits based on a reliability metric of a channel instance associated with the second subset of bits.

[0056] After encoding, the subset of bits may be input to a polarization transform such that the transmitting device applies a polarization transform over the subset of bits. The transmitting device may concatenate the subset of bits output from the polarization transform to obtain a set of coded polarization bits, perform modulation, and transmit the set of coded polarization bits to the receiving device. Upon reception, the receiving device may demodulate the coded polarization bits and perform a depolarization transform to obtain multiple sets of coded (and depolarized) bits. The receiving device may decode each set of coded bits separately. That is, the receiving device may decode the first set of coded bits according to a first channel coding scheme and may decode the second set of coded bits according to a second channel coding scheme. After decoding, the transmitting device may concatenate the decoded bits to obtain a set of bits corresponding to a set of information bits.

[0057] Particular implementations of the subject matter described in this disclosure may be implemented to achieve one or more of the following potential advantages: For example, by splitting a set of information bits into subsets of bits prior to encoding, a transmitting device may adaptively select the encoding scheme and encoding rate to use for each subset, which may improve reliability and robustness of communications. Additionally, by performing a polarization transformation, a transmitting device may reduce the complexity of the decoding operation at a receiving device, which may avoid increased processing, overhead, and delays associated with high complexity, especially in high throughput scenarios. Thus, the described techniques provide increased reliability, improved performance, and improved efficiency of wireless communications, while reducing power consumption, reducing system latency, and reducing computational complexity, among other benefits, across a variety of deployment scenarios.

[0058] Aspects of the present disclosure are first described in the context of a wireless communication system. Aspects of the present disclosure are then described with reference to information bit allocation, encoding and decoding schemes, and process flows. Aspects of the present disclosure are further illustrated by and described with reference to apparatus diagrams, system diagrams, and flow charts relating to polarization-adjusted channel coding design for complexity reduction.

[0059] 1 illustrates an example wireless communication system 100 supporting polarization coordinated channel coding design for complexity reduction according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The wireless communication system 100 may include one or more network entities 105, one or more UEs 115, and a core network 130. In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 may be a network operating according to a Long Term Evolution (LTE) network, a LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) network, a LTE-A Pro network, a New Radio (NR) network, or other systems and radio technologies, including future systems and radio technologies not expressly mentioned herein.

[0060] The network entities 105 may be distributed throughout a geographic area to form the wireless communication system 100 and may include devices of different forms or with different capabilities. In various examples, the network entities 105 may be referred to as network elements, mobility elements, radio access network (RAN) nodes, or network equipment, among other nomenclature. In some examples, the network entities 105 and the UEs 115 may communicate wirelessly via one or more communication links 125 (e.g., radio frequency (RF) access links). For example, each network entity 105 may support a coverage area 110 (e.g., a geographic coverage area) over which the UEs 115 and the network entities 105 may establish one or more communication links 125. The coverage area 110 may be an example of a geographic area in which the network entities 105 and the UEs 115 may support communication of signals via one or more radio access technologies (RATs).

[0061] The UEs 115 may be dispersed throughout the coverage area 110 of the wireless communication system 100, and each UE 115 may be stationary or mobile or both at different times. The UEs 115 may be devices of different forms or with different capabilities. Some example UEs 115 are shown in FIG. 1. The UEs 115 described herein may be capable of communicating with various types of devices, such as other UEs 115 or network entities 105, as shown in FIG. 1.

[0062] As described herein, a node of the wireless communication system 100, which may be referred to as a network node or a wireless node, may be a network entity 105 (e.g., any network entity described herein), a UE 115 (e.g., any UE described herein), a network controller, an apparatus, a device, a computing system, one or more components, or another suitable processing entity configured to perform any of the techniques described herein. For example, a node may be a UE 115. As another example, a node may be a network entity 105. As another example, a first node may be configured to communicate with a second node or a third node. In one aspect of this example, the first node may be a UE 115, the second node may be a network entity 105, and the third node may be a UE 115. In another aspect of this example, the first node may be a network entity 105, the second node may be a network entity 105, and the third node may be a UE 115. In yet other aspects of this example, the first node, the second node, and the third node may vary relative to these examples. Similarly, references to a UE 115, a network entity 105, an apparatus, a device, a computing system, etc. may include disclosure of the UE 115, the network entity 105, the apparatus, the device, the computing system, etc. being nodes. For example, disclosure that a UE 115 is configured to receive information from a network entity 105 also discloses that a first node is configured to receive information from a second node.

[0063] In some examples, the network entities 105 may communicate with the core network 130, with each other, or with both. For example, the network entities 105 may communicate with the core network 130 via one or more backhaul communication links 120 (e.g., according to an S1, N2, N3, or other interface protocol). In some examples, the network entities 105 may communicate with each other either through the backhaul communication links 120 (e.g., according to an X2, Xn, or other interface protocol), directly (e.g., directly between the network entities 105), or indirectly (e.g., via the core network 130). In some examples, the network entities 105 may communicate with each other via midhaul communication links 162 (e.g., according to a midhaul interface protocol) or fronthaul communication links 168 (e.g., according to a fronthaul interface protocol), or any combination thereof. The backhaul communication link 120, the midhaul communication link 162, or the fronthaul communication link 168 may be or include one or more wired links (e.g., electrical links, optical fiber links), one or more wireless links (e.g., radio links, wireless optical links), among other examples or various combinations thereof. The UE 115 may communicate with the core network 130 through the communication link 155.

[0064] One or more of the network entities 105 described herein may include or may be referred to as a base station 140 (e.g., a base transceiver station, a radio base station, an NR base station, an access point, a radio transceiver, a NodeB, an eNodeB (eNB), a Next Generation NodeB or a Giga NodeB (any of which may be referred to as a gNB), a 5G NB, a Next Generation eNB (ng-eNB), a Home NodeB, a Home eNodeB, or other suitable terminology). In some examples, the network entities 105 (e.g., the base stations 140) may be implemented in an aggregated (e.g., monolithic, standalone) base station architecture that may be configured to utilize protocol stacks that are physically or logically integrated within a single network entity 105 (e.g., a single RAN node such as the base station 140).

[0065] In some examples, the network entity 105 may be implemented in a disaggregated architecture (e.g., disaggregated base station architecture, disaggregated RAN architecture) that may be configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically distributed between two or more network entities 105, such as an Integrated Access Backhaul (IAB) network, an Open RAN (O-RAN) (e.g., a network configuration sponsored by the O-RAN Alliance), or a Virtualized RAN (vRAN) (e.g., Cloud RAN (C-RAN)). For example, the network entity 105 may include one or more of a Central Unit (CU) 160, a Distributed Unit (DU) 165, a Radio Unit (RU) 170, a RAN Intelligent Controller (RIC) 175 (e.g., Near-Real Time RIC, Non-Real Time RIC), a Service Management and Orchestration (SMO) 180 system, or any combination thereof. The RU 170 may also be referred to as a radio head, a smart radio head, a remote radio head (RRH), a remote radio unit (RRU), or a transmit / receive point (TRP). One or more components of the network entity 105 in a disaggregated RAN architecture may be collocated, or one or more components of the network entity 105 may be located in distributed locations (e.g., separate physical locations). In some examples, one or more of the network entities 105 in a disaggregated RAN architecture may be implemented as virtual units (e.g., virtual CU (VCU), virtual DU (VDU), virtual RU (VRU)).

[0066] The division of functions among the CU 160, the DU 165, and the RU 175 is flexible and may support different functions depending on which functions (e.g., network layer functions, protocol layer functions, baseband functions, RF functions, and any combination thereof) are executed in the CU 160, the DU 165, or the RU 175. For example, a functional division of a protocol stack may be adopted between the CU 160 and the DU 165 such that the CU 160 may support one or more layers of the protocol stack and the DU 165 may support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. In some examples, the CU 160 may host higher protocol layer (e.g., Layer 3 (L3), Layer 2 (L2)) functions and signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC), Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP), Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP)). The CU 160 may be connected to one or more DUs 165 or RUs 170, which may host lower protocol layers such as Layer 1 (L1) (e.g., physical (PHY) layer) or L2 (e.g., radio link control (RLC) layer, medium access control (MAC) layer) functions and signaling, each of which may be at least partially controlled by the CU 160. Additionally or alternatively, a functional division of the protocol stack may be adopted between the DU 165 and the RU 170, such that the DU 165 may support one or more layers of the protocol stack, and the RU 170 may support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. The DU 165 may support one or more different cells (e.g., via one or more RUs 170). In some cases, the functional division between the CU 160 and the DU 165, or between the DU 165 and the RU 170, may be within a protocol layer (e.g., some functions for the protocol layer may be performed by one of the CU 160, the DU 165, or the RU 170, while other functions of the protocol layer are performed by a different one of the CU 160, the DU 165, or the RU 170). The CU 160 may be further functionally divided into a CU control plane (CU-CP) function and a CU user plane (CU-UP) function.The CU 160 may be connected to one or more DUs 165 via midhaul communication links 162 (e.g., F1, F1-c, F1-u), which may be connected to one or more RUs 170 via fronthaul communication links 168 (e.g., open fronthaul (FH) interfaces). In some examples, the midhaul communication links 162 or the fronthaul communication links 168 may be implemented according to interfaces (e.g., channels) between layers of protocol stacks supported by the respective network entities 105 communicating via such communication links.

[0067] In a wireless communication system (e.g., the wireless communication system 100), infrastructure and spectrum resources for radio access can supplement wired backhaul connections to support wireless backhaul link capabilities and provide an IAB network architecture (e.g., to the core network 130). In some cases, in an IAB network, one or more network entities 105 (e.g., IAB nodes 104) may be partially controlled by each other. One or more IAB nodes 104 may be referred to as donor entities or IAB donors. One or more DUs 165 or one or more RUs 170 may be partially controlled by one or more CUs 160 associated with the donor network entity 105 (e.g., the donor base station 140). One or more donor network entities 105 (e.g., the IAB donors) can communicate with one or more additional network entities 105 (e.g., the IAB nodes 104) via supported access links and backhaul links (e.g., the backhaul communication links 120). The IAB node 104 may include an IAB mobile terminal (IAB-MT) that is controlled (e.g., scheduled) by the DU 165 of the associated IAB donor. The IAB-MT may include an independent set of antennas for relaying communications with the UE 115 or may share the same antenna (e.g., of the RU 170) of the IAB node 104 that is used for access via the DU 165 of the IAB node 104 (e.g., referred to as a virtual IAB-MT (VIaB-MT)). In some examples, the IAB node 104 may include a DU 165 that supports communication links with additional entities (e.g., the IAB node 104, the UE 115) in a relay chain or configuration of the access network (e.g., downstream). In such cases, one or more components of the disaggregated RAN architecture (e.g., one or more IAB nodes 104 or components of the IAB node 104) may be configured to operate in accordance with the techniques described herein.

[0068] For example, an access network (AN) or RAN may include communication between an access node (e.g., an IAB donor), an IAB node 104, and one or more UEs 115. The IAB donor may facilitate a connection between the core network 130 and an AN (e.g., via a wired or wireless connection to the core network 130). That is, an IAB donor may refer to a RAN node that has a wired or wireless connection to the core network 130. The IAB donor may include a CU 160 and at least one DU 165 (e.g., further an RU 170), where the CU 160 may communicate with the core network 130 over an interface (e.g., a backhaul link). The IAB donor and the IAB node 104 may communicate over an F1 interface according to a protocol (e.g., F1 AP protocol) that defines signaling messages. Additionally or alternatively, CU 160 may communicate with the core network via an interface, which may be an example of a portion of a backhaul link, and may communicate with other CUs 160 (e.g., CUs 160 associated with alternative IAB donors) via an Xn-C interface, which may be an example of a portion of a backhaul link.

[0069] The IAB node 104 may refer to a RAN node that provides IAB functionality (e.g., access to the UE 115, wireless self-backhaul capability). The DU 165 may function as a distributed scheduling node for a child node associated with the IAB node 104, and the IAB-MT may function as a scheduled node for a parent node associated with the IAB node 104. That is, an IAB donor may be referred to as a parent node that communicates with one or more child nodes (e.g., an IAB donor may relay a transmission for a UE through one or more other IAB nodes 104). Additionally or alternatively, the IAB node 104 may also be referred to as a parent node or a child node for other IAB nodes 104 depending on the relay chain or configuration of the AN. Thus, the IAB-MT entity of the IAB node 104 can provide a Uu interface through which the child IAB node 104 receives signaling from the parent IAB node 104, and the DU interface (e.g., DU 165) can provide a Uu interface through which the parent IAB node 104 transmits signaling to the child IAB node 104 or the UE 115.

[0070] For example, the IAB node 104 may be referred to as a parent node supporting communication of a child IAB node, or as a child IAB node associated with the IAB donor. The IAB donor may include a CU 160 having a wired or wireless connection (e.g., backhaul communication link 120) to the core network 130 and may function as a parent node to the IAB node 104. For example, the DU 165 of the IAB donor may relay a transmission to the UE 115 via the IAB node 104 or may directly signal a transmission to the UE 115. The CU 160 of the IAB donor may signal communication link establishment to the IAB node 104 via the F1 interface, and the IAB node 104 may schedule a transmission (e.g., a transmission to the UE 115 relayed from the IAB donor) via the DU 165. That is, data may be relayed to or from the IAB node 104 via signaling over the NR Uu interface to the MT of the IAB node 104. Communications with the IAB node 104 may be scheduled by the DU 165 of the IAB donor, and communications with the IAB node 104 may be scheduled by the DU 165 of the IAB node 104.

[0071] For the techniques described herein applied in the context of a disaggregated RAN architecture, one or more components of the disaggregated RAN architecture may be configured to support polarization coordinated channel coding design for complexity reduction as described herein. For example, some operations described as being performed by the UE 115 or a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140) may additionally or alternatively be performed by one or more components of the disaggregated RAN architecture (e.g., an IAB node 104, a DU 165, a CU 160, a RU 170, a RIC 175, a SMO 180).

[0072] The UE 115 may include or be referred to as a mobile device, a wireless device, a remote device, a handheld device, or a subscriber device, or any other suitable terminology, and a "device" may be referred to as a unit, a station, a terminal, or a client, among other examples. The UE 115 may also include or be referred to as a personal electronic device, such as a cellular phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a tablet computer, a laptop computer, or a personal computer. In some examples, the UE 115 may include or be referred to as a wireless local loop (WLL) station, an Internet of Things (IoT) device, an Internet of Everything (IoE) device, or a machine type communications (MTC) device, among other examples, which may be implemented in various items, such as an appliance, or a vehicle, a meter, among other examples.

[0073] The UEs 115 described herein may be capable of communicating with various types of devices, such as other UEs 115, which may act as relays, as shown in FIG. 1, as well as network entities 105 and network equipment, including macro eNBs or gNBs, small cell eNBs or gNBs, or relay base stations, among various examples.

[0074] The UE 115 and the network entity 105 may wirelessly communicate with each other via one or more communication links 125 (e.g., access links) on one or more carriers. The term “carrier” may refer to a set of RF spectrum resources having a defined physical layer structure to support the communication links 125. For example, a carrier used for the communication links 125 may include a portion (e.g., a bandwidth part, BWP) of an RF spectrum band operated according to one or more physical layer channels for a given radio access technology (e.g., LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, NR). Each physical layer channel may carry collection signaling (e.g., synchronization signals, system information), control signaling to coordinate operation on the carrier, user data, or other signaling. The wireless communication system 100 may support communication with the UE 115 using carrier aggregation or multi-carrier operation. The UE 115 may be configured with multiple downlink component carriers and one or more uplink component carriers according to a carrier aggregation configuration. Carrier aggregation may be used with both frequency division duplexing (FDD) and time division duplexing (TDD) component carriers. Communications between the network entity 105 and other devices may refer to communications between a device and any portion (e.g., entity, sub-entity) of the network entity 105. For example, when referring to the network entity 105, the terms "transmitting," "receiving," or "communicating" may refer to any portion of the network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140, CU 160, DU 165, RU 170) of the RAN that communicates with another device (e.g., directly or via one or more other network entities 105).

[0075] In some examples, such as a carrier aggregation configuration, a carrier may also have acquisition or control signaling to coordinate operation with respect to other carriers. A carrier may be associated with a frequency channel (e.g., an evolved universal mobile telecommunication system terrestrial radio access (E-UTRA) absolute radio frequency channel number (EARFCN)) and may be arranged according to a channel raster for discovery by the UE 115. A carrier may be operated in a standalone mode, where initial acquisition and connection may be made by the UE 115 over the carrier, or a carrier may be operated in a non-standalone mode, where a connection is fixed using a different carrier (e.g., of the same or different radio access technology).

[0076] The communication links 125 shown in the wireless communication system 100 may include, among other transmission configurations, downlink transmissions (e.g., forward link transmissions) from the network entity 105 to the UE 115, uplink transmissions (e.g., return link transmissions) from the UE 115 to the network entity 105, or both. A carrier may carry downlink or uplink communications (e.g., in FDD mode) or may be configured to carry downlink and uplink communications (e.g., in TDD mode).

[0077] A carrier may be associated with a particular bandwidth of the RF spectrum, and in some examples, the carrier bandwidth may be referred to as the carrier or the “system bandwidth” of the wireless communication system 100. For example, the carrier bandwidth may be one of a set of bandwidths of a carrier of a particular radio access technology (e.g., 1.4, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20, 40, or 80 Megahertz (MHz)). A device of the wireless communication system 100 (e.g., the network entity 105, the UE 115, or both) may have a hardware configuration that supports communication on a particular carrier bandwidth or may be configurable to support communication on one of the set of carrier bandwidths. In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 may include a network entity 105 or a UE 115 that supports simultaneous communication via a carrier associated with multiple carrier bandwidths. In some examples, each served UE 115 may be configured to operate over a portion (e.g., a sub-band, BWP) or all of the carrier bandwidth.

[0078] A signal waveform transmitted on a carrier may be composed of multiple subcarriers (e.g., using a multi-carrier modulation (MCM) technique such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) or discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-S-OFDM)). In a system employing MCM techniques, a resource element may refer to a resource of one symbol period (e.g., the duration of one modulation symbol) and one subcarrier, where the symbol period and the subcarrier spacing may have an inverse proportional relationship. The amount of bits carried by each resource element may depend on the modulation scheme (e.g., the order of the modulation scheme, the coding rate of the modulation scheme, or both), such that the more resource elements a device receives and the higher the order of the modulation scheme, the higher the data rate for the device may be. Wireless communication resources may refer to a combination of RF spectrum resources, time resources, and spatial resources (e.g., spatial layers or beams), where the use of multiple spatial resources may further increase data rates or data integrity for communications with UE 115.

[0079] The time interval for the network entity 105 or the UE 115 may be, for example, T s =1 / (Δf max N f ) seconds, where Δf max may represent the maximum supported subcarrier spacing, and N f may represent the maximum discrete Fourier transform (DFT) size supported. The communication resource time intervals may be organized according to radio frames, each having a specified duration (e.g., 10 milliseconds (ms)). Each radio frame may be identified by a system frame number (SFN) (e.g., ranging from 0 to 1023).

[0080] Each frame may include multiple consecutively numbered subframes or slots, and each subframe or slot may have the same duration. In some examples, a frame may be divided (e.g., in the time domain) into subframes, and each subframe may be further divided into an amount of slots. Alternatively, each frame may include a variable amount of slots, and the amount of slots may depend on the subcarrier spacing. Each slot may include an amount of symbol periods (e.g., depending on the length of a cyclic prefix prepended to each symbol period). In some wireless communications systems 100, a slot may be further divided into multiple minislots that include one or more symbols. Excluding the cyclic prefix, each symbol period may include one or more (e.g., N f The duration of a symbol period may depend on the subcarrier spacing or the frequency band of operation.

[0081] A subframe, slot, minislot, or symbol may be the smallest scheduling unit (e.g., in the time domain) of the wireless communications system 100 and may be referred to as a transmission time interval (TTI). In some examples, the TTI length (e.g., the amount of symbol periods in a TTI) may be variable. Additionally or alternatively, the smallest scheduling unit of the wireless communications system 100 may be dynamically selected (e.g., among a burst of shortened TTIs (sTTIs)).

[0082] The physical channels may be multiplexed on the carriers according to various techniques. The physical control channels and the physical data channels may be multiplexed on the downlink carriers using, for example, one or more of a time division multiplexing (TDM) technique, a frequency division multiplexing (FDM) technique, or a hybrid TDM-FDM technique. A control region (e.g., a control resource set (CORESET)) for the physical control channels may be defined by a set of symbol periods and may span the system bandwidth of the carrier or a subset of the system bandwidth. One or more control regions (e.g., CORESET) may be configured for a set of UEs 115. For example, one or more of the UEs 115 may monitor or search the control region for control information according to one or more search space sets, and each search space set may include one or more control channel candidates at one or more aggregation levels configured in a cascaded manner. The aggregation level for a control channel candidate may refer to the amount of control channel resources (e.g., control channel elements (CCEs)) associated with coded information for a control information format having a given payload size. The search space set may include a common search space set configured for sending control information to multiple UEs 115 and a UE-specific search space set for sending control information to a specific UE 115.

[0083] In some examples, the network entities 105 (e.g., base stations 140, RUs 170) may be mobile and thus provide communication coverage for moving coverage areas 110. In some examples, different coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies may overlap, but the different coverage areas 110 may be supported by the same network entity 105. In some other examples, overlapping coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies may be supported by different network entities 105. The wireless communication system 100 may include heterogeneous networks, for example, where different types of network entities 105 provide coverage to various coverage areas 110 using the same or different radio access technologies.

[0084] Some UEs 115, such as MTC or IoT devices, may be low-cost or low-complexity devices and may provide automated communication between machines (e.g., via Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communication). M2M communication or MTC may refer to data communication technologies that allow devices to communicate with each other or with a network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140) without human intervention. In some examples, M2M communication or MTC may include communication from devices that incorporate sensors or meters to measure or capture information and relay that information to a central server or application program that utilizes such information or presents the information to a human who interacts with the application program. Some UEs 115 may be designed to collect information or enable automated behavior of machines or other devices. Examples of applications for MTC devices include smart metering, inventory monitoring, water level monitoring, equipment monitoring, healthcare monitoring, wildlife monitoring, weather and geological event monitoring, fleet management and tracking, remote security sensing, physical access control, and transaction-based business billing.

[0085] The wireless communication system 100 may be configured to support ultra-reliable or low-latency communications, or various combinations thereof. For example, the wireless communication system 100 may be configured to support ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC). The UEs 115 may be designed to support ultra-reliable, low-latency, or critical functions. Ultra-reliable communications may include private or group communications and may be supported by one or more services, such as push-to-talk, video, data, etc. Support for ultra-reliable, low-latency functionality may include service prioritization, and such services may be used for public safety or general commercial applications. The terms ultra-reliable, low latency, and ultra-reliable low latency may be used interchangeably herein.

[0086] In some examples, the UEs 115 may be able to communicate directly with other UEs 115 via a device-to-device (D2D) communication link 135 (e.g., according to a peer-to-peer (P2P), D2D or sidelink protocol). In some examples, one or more UEs 115 of a group performing D2D communication may be within a coverage area 110 of a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, a RU 170), which may support aspects of such D2D communication configured or scheduled by the network entity 105. In some examples, one or more UEs 115 in such a group may be outside the coverage area 110 of the network entity 105, or in some cases may not be able to receive or may not be configured to receive transmissions from the network entity 105. In some examples, a group of UEs 115 communicating via D2D communication may support a one-to-many (1:M) system in which each UE 115 transmits to every other UE 115 in the group. In some examples, the network entity 105 may facilitate scheduling of resources for D2D communication. In some other examples, D2D communication may be performed between UEs 115 without the involvement of the network entity 105.

[0087] In some systems, the D2D communication link 135 may be an example of a communication channel between vehicles (e.g., UE 115), such as a sidelink communication channel. In some examples, the vehicles may communicate using vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication, or some combination thereof. The vehicles may signal information related to traffic conditions, signal scheduling, weather, safety, emergency situations, or any other information related to the V2X system. In some examples, the V2X system may communicate with roadside infrastructure, such as roadside units, or with a network via one or more network nodes (e.g., network entity 105, base station 140, RU 170) using vehicle-to-network (V2N), or both.

[0088] The core network 130 may provide user authentication, access authorization, tracking, Internet Protocol (IP) connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. The core network 130 may be an evolved packet core (EPC) or a 5G core (5GC), which may include at least one control plane entity (e.g., a mobility management entity (MME), an access and mobility management function (AMF)) that manages access and mobility, and at least one user plane entity (e.g., a serving gateway (S-GW), a Packet Data Network (PDN) gateway (P-GW), or a user plane function (UPF)) that routes packets or interconnects to external networks. The control plane entity may manage non-access stratum (NAS) functions such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management for UEs 115 served by network entities 105 (e.g., base stations 140) associated with the core network 130. User IP packets may be forwarded through a user plane entity, which may provide IP address allocation as well as other functions. The user plane entity may be connected to IP services 150 for one or more network operators. The IP services 150 may include access to the Internet, an intranet(s), an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), or packet-switched streaming services.

[0089] The wireless communication system 100 may operate using one or more frequency bands, which may range from 300 megahertz (MHz) to 300 gigahertz (GHz). The 300 MHz to 3 GHz region is commonly known as the ultra-high frequency (UHF) region or decimeter band, as the wavelengths range in length from approximately 1 decimeter to 1 meter. Although UHF waves may be blocked or redirected by buildings and environmental features, sometimes referred to as clusters, the waves may penetrate structures sufficiently for a macrocell to serve UEs 115 located indoors. Transmission of UHF waves may be associated with smaller antennas and shorter distances (e.g., less than 100 kilometers) compared to transmissions using lower frequencies and longer waves in the shortwave (high frequency (HF) or very high frequency (VHF) portions of the spectrum below 300 MHz.

[0090] The wireless communication system 100 may use both licensed and unlicensed RF spectrum bands. For example, the wireless communication system 100 may utilize License Assisted Access (LAA), LTE-Unlicensed (LTE-U) radio access technology, or NR technology in an unlicensed band, such as the 5 GHz industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band. While operating in the unlicensed RF spectrum band, devices such as the network entity 105 and the UE 115 may employ carrier sensing for collision detection and avoidance. In some examples, operation in the unlicensed band may be based on a carrier aggregation configuration in conjunction with component carriers operating in a licensed band (e.g., LAA). Operation in the unlicensed spectrum may include downlink transmissions, uplink transmissions, P2P transmissions, or D2D transmissions, among other examples.

[0091] A network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140, RU 170) or UE 115 may be equipped with multiple antennas that may be used to employ techniques such as transmit diversity, receive diversity, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communications, or beamforming. The antennas of the network entity 105 or UE 115 may be located in one or more antenna arrays or antenna panels that may support MIMO operations or transmit or receive beamforming. For example, one or more base station antennas or antenna arrays may be collocated in an antenna assembly, such as an antenna tower. In some examples, antennas or antenna arrays associated with the network entity 105 may be located at various geographic locations. The network entity 105 may have an antenna array with a set of rows and columns of antenna ports that the network entity 105 may use to support beamforming of communications with the UE 115. Similarly, the UE 115 may have one or more antenna arrays that may support various MIMO or beamforming operations. Additionally or alternatively, the antenna panel may support RF beamforming for signals transmitted through the antenna ports.

[0092] A network entity 105 or a UE 115 may use MIMO communications to exploit multipath signal propagation and increase spectral efficiency by transmitting or receiving multiple signals via different spatial layers. Such techniques may be referred to as spatial multiplexing. Multiple signals may be transmitted by a transmitting device, for example, via different antennas or different combinations of antennas. Similarly, multiple signals may be received by a receiving device via different antennas or different combinations of antennas. Each of the multiple signals may be referred to as a separate spatial stream and may carry information associated with the same data stream (e.g., the same codeword) or different data streams (e.g., different codewords). Different spatial layers may be associated with different antenna ports used for channel measurement and reporting. MIMO techniques include single-user MIMO (SU-MIMO), in which multiple spatial layers are transmitted to the same receiving device, and multiple-user MIMO (MU-MIMO), in which multiple spatial layers are transmitted to multiple devices.

[0093] Beamforming, sometimes referred to as spatial filtering, directional transmission, or directional reception, is a signal processing technique that may be used at a transmitting or receiving device (e.g., network entity 105, UE 115) to shape or steer an antenna beam (e.g., transmit beam, receive beam) along a spatial path between the transmitting device and the receiving device. Beamforming may be achieved by combining signals communicated through antenna elements of an antenna array such that some signals propagating in a particular orientation relative to the antenna array are subject to constructive interference, while other signals are subject to destructive interference. Adjustment of signals communicated through antenna elements may include a transmitting or receiving device applying an amplitude offset, a phase offset, or both to signals carried through an antenna element associated with the device. The adjustment associated with each of the antenna elements may be defined by a beamforming weight set associated with a particular orientation (e.g., relative to the antenna array of the transmitting or receiving device, or to some other orientation).

[0094] The network entity 105 or the UE 115 may use beam sweeping techniques as part of a beamforming operation. For example, the network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140, RU 170) may use multiple antennas or antenna arrays (e.g., antenna panels) to perform a beamforming operation for directional communication with the UE 115. Some signals (e.g., synchronization signals, reference signals, beam selection signals, or other control signals) may be transmitted multiple times by the network entity 105 along different directions. For example, the network entity 105 may transmit signals according to different beamforming weight sets associated with different directions of transmission. The transmissions along different beam directions may be used to identify beam directions (e.g., by a transmitting device such as the network entity 105 or by a receiving device such as the UE 115) for subsequent transmission or reception by the network entity 105.

[0095] Some signals, such as data signals associated with a particular receiving device, may be transmitted by a transmitting device (e.g., transmitting network entity 105, transmitting UE 115) along a single beam direction (e.g., a direction associated with a receiving device, such as receiving network entity 105 or receiving UE 115). In some examples, a beam direction associated with a transmission along a single beam direction may be determined based on signals transmitted along one or more beam directions. For example, UE 115 may receive one or more of the signals transmitted by network entity 105 along different directions and may report to network entity 105 an indication of the signal received by UE 115 with the highest signal quality or other acceptable signal quality.

[0096] In some examples, transmission by a device (e.g., by the network entity 105 or the UE 115) may be performed using multiple beam directions, and the device may use a combination of digital precoding or beamforming to generate a composite beam for transmission (e.g., from the network entity 105 to the UE 115). The UE 115 may report feedback indicating precoding weights for one or more beam directions, and the feedback may correspond to a configured set of beams across the system bandwidth or one or more subbands. The network entity 105 may transmit a reference signal (e.g., cell-specific reference signal (CRS), channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS)) that may or may not be precoded. The UE 115 may provide feedback for beam selection, which may be a precoding matrix indicator (PMI) or codebook-based feedback (e.g., multi-panel type codebook, linear combination type codebook, port selection type codebook). Although these techniques are described with reference to signals transmitted along one or more directions by the network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140, RU 170), the UE 115 may employ similar techniques to transmit a signal multiple times along different directions (e.g., to identify a beam direction for subsequent transmission or reception by the UE 115) or to transmit a signal along a single direction (e.g., to transmit data to a receiving device).

[0097] A receiving device (e.g., UE 115) may perform receiving operations according to multiple receiving configurations (e.g., directional listening) when receiving various signals from a receiving device (e.g., network entity 105), such as a synchronization signal, a reference signal, a beam selection signal, or other control signals. For example, a receiving device may perform receiving according to multiple receiving directions by receiving on different antenna subarrays, by processing received signals according to different antenna subarrays, by receiving according to different receive beamforming weight sets (e.g., different directional listening weight sets) applied to signals received at multiple antenna elements of an antenna array, or by processing received signals according to different receive beamforming weight sets applied to signals received at multiple antenna elements of an antenna array, any of which may be referred to as "listening" according to different receiving configurations or receiving directions. In some examples, a receiving device may use a single receiving configuration to receive along a single beam direction (e.g., when receiving a data signal). A single receiving configuration may be aligned along a beam direction determined based on listening with different receiving configuration directions (e.g., a beam direction determined to have the highest signal strength, highest signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), or acceptable signal quality based on listening with multiple beam directions).

[0098] The wireless communication system 100 may be a packet-based network that operates according to a layered protocol stack. In the user plane, communication at the bearer or PDCP layer may be IP-based. The RLC layer may perform packet segmentation and reassembly to communicate over logical channels. The MAC layer may perform priority handling and multiplexing of logical channels into transport channels. The MAC layer may also use error detection techniques, error correction techniques, or both to support retransmissions at the MAC layer to improve link efficiency. In the control plane, the RRC protocol layer may provide establishment, configuration, and maintenance of the RR connection between the UE 115 and the network entity 105, or the core network 130 that supports radio bearers for user plane data. In the PHY layer, the transport channels may be mapped to physical channels.

[0099] Components of the wireless communication system 100, including the network entity 105 or the UE 115, may implement encoding techniques that allocate information bits and output codeword bits for transmission. For example, an encoder of a transmitting device may receive an input vector of bits, which may include information bits, check bits, frozen bits, redundant bits, etc., among other examples. The input vector may be, for example, a physical channel message (e.g., a physical control channel message, a physical shared channel message), or a data packet. Bits that are not allocated as information bits may be allocated as parity bits or frozen bits. Parity bits may be used in a parity check polar encoding technique, and frozen bits may be bits of a given value (0, 1, etc.) known to both the encoder and the decoder (e.g., an encoder that encodes the information bits at the transmitting device and a decoder that decodes the received codeword at the receiving device). Encoding the input vector according to a channel coding scheme (e.g., a channel coding algorithm) may provide redundancy and improve the reliability of the transmission over the communication channel.

[0100] The encoder may use a channel coding scheme with a channel coding rate that may indicate the proportion of "useful" (e.g., non-redundant) bits relative to the total transmitted bits. For example, a coding rate of 1 / 2 (0.5) may indicate that the encoder inserts one redundant bit for each information bit, such that half of the coded bits output from the encoder may be useful bits and half of the coded bits may be redundant bits. In other words, the coding rate may represent the level of redundancy included in the coded bits. A relatively low coding rate (e.g., 0.3, etc.) may correspond to increased redundancy (e.g., more redundant bits per information bit) compared to a relatively high coding rate (e.g., 0.7, etc.), which may include a larger proportion of useful bits than redundant bits.

[0101] Examples of channel coding schemes used by the encoder and decoder may include, but are not limited to, LDPC coding, Reed-Solomon coding, FEC coding, Polar coding, Reed-Muller coding, staircase coding, product coding, convolutional coding, turbo coding, etc. In some examples, an encoder, (e.g., or decoder) may implement two or more channel coding schemes. For example, an encoder may concatenate multiple coding schemes such that the output from one channel coding scheme is input to a second channel coding scheme. Additionally or alternatively, an encoder may jointly code one or more sets of information bits using multiple channel coding schemes.

[0102] Additionally, in some cases, the transmitting device may obtain multiple channel instances (which may also be referred to as polarization levels, coding branches, etc.) of a communication channel (e.g., via channel polarization) and may assign one or more bits of an input vector to one or more channel instances. For example, a polar code encoder uses multiple recursive concatenations of short kernel codes to encode information bits. In polar coding, as the number of recursions increases, the resulting channel instances tend to have either high reliability or low reliability (an example of polarization). In some cases, different input vectors (e.g., input vectors with different allocations of information bits) containing the same information bits but associated with different channel instances may be received with different success rates. For example, an input vector with information bits distributed such that the information bits are loaded into a channel instance associated with a high reliability metric may be decoded with a higher success rate. Thus, the information bits may be distributed across the channel instances of the encoder based on the reliability metrics of each of the channel instances. For example, additional information bits may be loaded into channel instances having a favorable (e.g., high) reliability metric, while additional frozen information bits may be loaded into channel instances having a less favorable (e.g., low) reliability metric.

[0103] After performing the encoding, the transmitting device may modulate and transmit the coded bits (e.g., output from the modulation component) to a receiving device, such as the network entity 105 or the UE 115. The receiving device may implement a combining technique for use in the decoding operation. For example, the receiving device may include a decoder having multiple channel instances (e.g., decoding branches). The receiving device may decode the received bits using a coding rate according to a channel coding scheme. However, in some examples, some channel coding schemes and coding rates may be associated with a relatively high computational complexity for decoding, which may increase system latency and reduce communication availability, especially in high traffic (e.g., high throughput) scenarios. For example, a channel coding scheme implemented with a first coding rate may have a relatively higher complexity than the same channel coding scheme implemented with a second coding rate.

[0104] Thus, various embodiments described in this disclosure support a framework for reduced complexity channel coding without degrading throughput or performance. For example, a transmitting device (e.g., an encoder of the transmitting device), such as the network entity 105 or the UE 115, may divide information bits into multiple subsets of bits corresponding to a set of polarization levels (e.g., channel instances of a channel). In some examples, the subsets of bits may have different amounts of bits (e.g., may have unequal payload sizes). The transmitting device may encode each subset of bits separately, for example, according to a respective channel coding scheme and coding rate. In some cases, the transmitting device may encode each subset of bits according to a different channel coding scheme using different coding rates, or a combination thereof. For example, the transmitting device may apply a first channel coding scheme using a first coding rate to a first subset of bits for a first polarization level and a second channel coding scheme using a second coding rate to a second subset of bits for a second polarization level. The transmitting device may select a channel coding scheme and corresponding coding rate (e.g., or vice versa) based on the effective coding rate of the channel (e.g., overall coding rate), a reliability metric for the associated polarization level, a total amount of information bits in the set of information bits, etc. Additionally, the transmitting device may concatenate a respective set of cyclic redundancy checks (CRCs) to each subset of bits (e.g., before applying the channel coding scheme).

[0105] After encoding, a subset of bits (e.g., coded bits) may be input to a polarization transform such that a transmitting device applies a polarization transform over the subset of coded bits. The transmitting device may concatenate the subset of bits output from the polarization transform to obtain a set of coded polarization bits and may transmit the set of coded polarization bits to a receiving device, such as the network entity 105 or the UE 115. Upon reception, the receiving device may demodulate the coded polarization bits and perform a depolarization transform to obtain multiple sets of coded (and depolarized) bits. The receiving device may decode each set of coded bits separately. That is, the receiving device may decode a first set of coded bits according to a first channel coding scheme and a first channel coding rate, and may decode a second set of coded bits according to a second channel coding scheme and a second channel coding rate. After decoding, the transmitting device may concatenate and process the decoded bits to obtain a set of bits corresponding to a set of information bits.

[0106] 2 illustrates an example wireless communication system 200 supporting a polarization-adjusted channel coding design for complexity reduction according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, the wireless communication system 200 may include a UE 115-a and a network entity 105-a that may implement aspects of the wireless communication system 100 and may be examples of the UE 115 and the network entity 105 described with reference to FIG. 1. The wireless communication system 200 may support reduced complexity of channel decoding and encoding operations. For example, the described techniques may be implemented by an encoder of the network entity 105-a, a decoder of the network entity 105-a, an encoder of the UE 115-a, or a decoder of the UE 115-a.

[0107] 2 illustrates the network entity 105-a as an example of a transmitting device and the UE 115-a as an example of a receiving device, any type, number, or combination of devices may implement the techniques described herein. For example, the UE 115-a may implement the techniques described as an example of a transmitting device, and the network entity 105-a may implement the techniques described as an example of a receiving device. Alternatively, the methods described herein may be applied by the same type of transmitting and receiving devices, e.g., by the transmitting network entity 105-a and the receiving network entity, the transmitting UE and the receiving UE 115-a. Furthermore, the techniques described herein may be implemented by any type, number, or combination of devices in any wireless communication system.

[0108] The network entity 105-a may communicate with the UE 115-a via the communication link 125-a. The UE 115-a may be located within the coverage area 110-a of the network entity 105-a. The network entity 105-a may be an example of a transmitting device and may transmit downlink messages to the UE 115-a. For example, the communication link 125-a may include or be an example of a downlink channel, such as a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH), among other examples, and the network entity 105-a may transmit control signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, DCI, MAC-CE), data signaling, reference signals (e.g., demodulation reference signals (DMRSs), channel state information reference signals (CSI-RSs)), etc., to the UE 115-a. Additionally or alternatively, the communication link 125-a may include or be an example of an uplink channel, such as a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH), a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH), etc., and the UE 115-a may transmit uplink messages to the network entity 105-a.

[0109] The network entity 105-a may store data in a memory to be transmitted to other devices, such as the UE 115-a. To initiate the transmission process, the network entity 105-a may retrieve data for transmission from the memory. The data may include a set of information bits, and the amount of information bits in the set of information bits may be represented as a value k. An encoder / decoder of the network entity 105-a may encode the set of information bits and output a codeword having a length N. The encoder / decoder may implement a number of encoding techniques (i.e., channel coding schemes), such as linear block encoding, LDPC encoding, polar encoding, Reed-Muller encoding, polar-Reed-Muller encoding, etc., that may introduce redundancy in the second output. This redundancy may increase the overall probability that the set of information bits will be successfully decoded by the UE 115-a upon reception. Depending on the coding rate used in the encoding technique to encode the set of information bits, N may be different or the same as k. For example, in some cases, the codeword may have an amount of bits not allocated as information bits (i.e., parity bits, redundancy bits, frozen bits, etc.) equal to Nk, such that N is greater than k. The coding rate R is

[0110]

number

[0111] In some examples, a method for encoding a data transmission by an encoder of the network entity 105-a may include generating a polar code of length N and dimension k, e.g., corresponding to a set of information bits. A polar code is an example of a linear block error correcting code and may be used to increase the probability of a successful transmission. During encoding, the network entity 105-a may obtain multiple channel instances (also referred to as encoding branches, polarization levels, etc.) based on a polarization kernel. Some channel instances may be associated with relatively poor channel quality, such that the capacity of the channel instance is close to 0, while other channel instances may be associated with relatively good channel quality, such that the capacity of the channel instance is close to 1. Additionally, a reliability metric may be calculated based on the encoder's bit locations corresponding to the respective channel instances. For example, the probability that a bit (or group of bits) at a given bit location will be successfully decoded at a receiving device may be referred to as "reliability" and may be associated with a given bit location or channel instance.

[0112] In some cases, the network entity 105-a may sort or otherwise organize the channel instances (e.g., in descending or ascending order of reliability) based on the corresponding reliability metrics. For example, the network entity 105-a may order the channel instances based on the corresponding reliability metrics according to the sequence of the reliability vector. Additionally, the network entity 105-a may assign a given bit type (e.g., parity bits, information bits, frozen bits) to all or a portion of the channel instances. For example, the network entity 105-a may select a set of one or more "most reliable" bit locations that correspond to the channel instances associated with the highest reliability metrics. Here, the network entity 105-a may assign information bits to the set of one or more most reliable bit locations. The network entity 105-a may additionally assign non-information bits, such as frozen bits, to the remaining bit locations (e.g., corresponding to channel instances associated with relatively low reliability metrics). In some cases, the parity bits may be assigned to one or more of the most reliable bit locations (e.g., along with the information bits), and in other cases, the parity bits may be assigned to the remaining bit locations (e.g., along with the non-information bits).

[0113] The network entity 105-a may load each channel instance with bits to be encoded. The bits to be encoded may include information bits and non-information bits. In other examples, the bits to be encoded may include non-frozen bits rather than frozen bits. The network entity 105-a (e.g., an encoder of the network entity 105-a) may encode the bits and input the encoded bits (e.g., a codeword) to a modulator. After modulation, the network entity 105-a may transmit the coded and modulated bits to the UE 115-a, for example, as part of a message 205 transmitted over the communication link 125-a. The UE 115-a may receive the coded data (e.g., a codeword) and may decode the coded data using a decoder to obtain the transmitted data (e.g., corresponding to the information bits).

[0114] However, such implementations may be complex and may introduce latency into the encoding or decoding process. That is, increasing redundancy and / or reliability via encoding and polarization techniques may improve the likelihood that a transmission will be successfully received and decoded at a receiving device (e.g., UE 115-a), but may also increase complexity. Similarly, reducing complexity by decreasing redundancy or reliability may reduce the likelihood that UE 115-a will successfully receive a transmission. Additionally, as the amount of traffic (i.e., throughput) increases for the decoder, computational complexity, processing power, processing time, and resource consumption increase, which may further increase system latency and adversely affect system efficiency.

[0115] For example, a given channel coding scheme at a given coding rate may be associated with a relatively high complexity, which may be characterized by a complexity per coded bit per iteration metric. The same channel coding scheme at a different coding rate (e.g., a relatively high coding rate) may be associated with a lower complexity. However, a higher coding rate results in less redundancy, which may reduce the likelihood that bits coded at the higher coding rate are successfully received and decoded at a receiving device. Thus, techniques described herein may combine polarization techniques (e.g., polarization transforms) with a channel coding scheme and coding rate associated with a reduced complexity, such that a transmitting device may transmit coded bits without reducing the likelihood that the receiving device will successfully receive the coded bits, and such that the receiving device may avoid increased computational costs. The wireless communication system 200 may support such techniques for encoding and decoding algorithms with reduced computational complexity, which may provide efficient communication even in high throughput scenarios and may reduce storage or processing and computational demands at a decoder of a receiving device.

[0116] For example, a transmitting device, such as the network entity 105-a, may divide or otherwise allocate a set of information bits to be transmitted to a receiving device, such as the UE 115-a, into multiple subsets of bits. The multiple subsets of bits may correspond to multiple polarization levels (e.g., channel instances of a polarization transformation). After allocating the set of information bits to the subsets of bits, the network entity 105-a may generate a respective set of CRC bits for each subset of bits. The network entity 105-a may concatenate each set of CRC bits with a corresponding undecoded subset of bits. The network entity 105-a may separately code each subset of bits (e.g., including the CRC bits) using a respective channel coding scheme and coding rate. Additionally, the network entity 105-a may apply a polarization transformation (e.g., based on the polarization level) across the coded subsets of bits (e.g., corresponding to multiple channels), which may improve the reliability of the coded subsets of bits without increasing complexity. In some examples, the polarization transformation may be understood to be based on a polar kernel (which may be a polar code, for example). In other words, in such an example, after separately encoding the subsets of bits, the network entity 105-a may jointly encode all the encoded subsets of bits according to a polar encoding scheme.

[0117] The network entity 105-a may concatenate the encoded subsets of bits output from the polarization transformation to obtain a set of output bits corresponding to the set of information bits. The network entity 105-a may transmit a message 205 including the set of output bits to the UE 115-a via communication link 125-a. The UE 115-a may receive and decode the message 205 using the methods described to obtain a decoded set of bits corresponding to the set of information bits.

[0118] By partitioning the set of information bits based on the polarization levels, the network entity 105-a may adaptively select a channel coding scheme and a coding rate for each subset of bits to reduce decoding complexity at the UE 115-a. For example, the network entity 105-a may identify or otherwise determine an amount of information bits k and an effective coding rate R (e.g., associated with one or more coding procedures for the set of information bits) of the set of information bits. In some examples, the network entity 105-a may receive signaling indicating k and R or determine k and R based on an amount of resources allocated for the transmission of the message 205, the MCS of the message 205, etc. The network entity 105-a may code a first subset of bits corresponding to a first polarization level using a first coding rate according to a first channel coding scheme. The network entity 105-a may code a second subset of bits corresponding to a second polarization level using a second coding rate according to a second channel coding scheme. Here, the network entity 105-a may select the first and second coding rates based on a mutual information polarization function, the amount of information bits k, and the effective coding rate R. That is, the first and second coding rates may be selected such that the overall channel coding complexity is reduced while the effective coding rate of the set of information bits remains the same.

[0119] As a specific example, the effective coding rate of a set of information bits encoded using an LDPC code is

[0120]

number

[0121] The network entity 105-a may apply a polarization transformation to the unpolarized channel to obtain a first polarization level and a second polarization level. The first polarization level may correspond to a polarized channel instance having a relatively low capacity, which may be I - and the second polarization level may correspond to a polarization channel instance having a relatively high capacity, which is represented by I + The total capacity of the first polarization level and the second polarization level may be equal to twice the total capacity of the unpolarized channel, which may be represented by Equation 1 below: I - (R)+I + (R)=2R (1)

[0122] Equation 1 may be implemented (e.g., by the network entity 105-a or any transmitting device) to determine the channel capacity of other types of channels. That is, a transmitting device such as the network entity 105-a may calculate the channel capacity and coding rate for each polarization level based on an appropriate mutual information polarization function. In a binary erasure channel (BEC), the capacity of the first polarization level may be equal to the mutual information polarization function of the BEC channel, which is I - (R)=R 2 Using Equation 1, the capacity of the second polarization level can be given by I + (R)=2R-R 2 In an additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel, the capacity of the first polarization level is

[0123]

number

[0124]

number

[0125]

number

[0126] Additionally, since the capacity of the channel may be comparable to the coding rate, the total coding rate of the first subset of bits and the second subset of bits may be equal to twice the effective coding rate. The first coding rate is R1=I - (R), and the second coding rate is R2=I + (R). Thus, the network entity 105-a may select the coding rate for the first subset of bits corresponding to the first polarization level and the second subset of bits corresponding to the second polarization level such that Equation 1 is satisfied. A higher capacity polarization level may support a higher coding rate than a lower capacity polarization level. The network entity 105-a may select the coding rate for the subset of bits based on the capacity of the corresponding polarization level, e.g., select a coding rate consistent with the channel quality or reliability of the polarization level.

[0127] In some cases, a transmitting device, such as network entity 105-a, may transmit to a receiving device a corresponding coding rate R for each subset of bits received at the receiving device. iFor example, the networking entity 105-a may transmit a signal 210 to the UE 115-a including an indication of the effective coding rate R for the message 205. In some cases, the signal 210 may additionally indicate a quantity k of information bits. After receiving the message 205 including the encoded set of information bits, the UE 115-a may divide the set of information bits into multiple subsets of bits (e.g., based on k). The UE 115-a may use Equation 1 to determine a respective coding rate R for each subset of bits. i In this way, the transmitting device and the receiving device may calculate the coding rate R i It is possible to avoid extraneous signaling used for indicating the metric, which may reduce signaling overhead.

[0128] Continuing with the example, the network entity 105-a may apply an LDPC code to a first subset of bits associated with a first polarization level using a coding rate of 0.36, which may correspond to a complexity per coded bit per iteration of approximately 4.2. The network entity 105-a may apply an LDPC code to a second subset of bits associated with a second polarization level using a coding rate of 0.64, which may correspond to a complexity per coded bit per iteration of approximately 4.1. The total coding rate over the first subset of bits and the second subset of bits may be equal to 2R=1. Thus, the effective coding rate R over the first subset of bits and the second subset of bits remains 0.5, while the complexity of each polarization level is less than that of a non-polarized channel.

[0129] Additionally, the network entity 105-a may determine the amount of information bits (e.g., set of information bits) k included in each subset based on the mutual information polarization function, the amount of information bits k, and the effective coding rate R. iFor example, the network entity 105-a may select or otherwise determine k according to Equation 2 below. i Calculate where R i represents the coding rate of the corresponding subset of bits.

[0130]

number

[0131] The network entity 105-a may assign a first quantity of bits k1 to a first subset of bits and a second quantity of bits k2 to a second subset of bits. In some cases, the polarization transformation may be based on a polar kernel, and the network entity 105-a may assign each quantity of bits k1 to a first subset of bits and a second quantity of bits k2 to a second subset of bits by recursively applying the above procedure (e.g., Equation 2). i to each subset. For example, the network entity 105-a may determine k2 based on k1, determine k3 based on k2, and so on. In some examples, the network entity 105-a may arbitrarily round k1 and k2 to integers, assuming k1+k2=k. The network entity 105-a may apply a rounding scheme to determine the integer values ​​of k1 and k2, which may be the same as the rounding scheme applied by the UE 115-a during decoding. As a non-limiting example, the network entity 105-a and the UE 115-a may each round k1 up to the nearest integer and round k2 down to the nearest integer. By applying the same rounding scheme, the network entity 105-a and the UE 115-a may both determine the same integer values ​​for each of k1 and k2.

[0132] In general, for each subset of bits, the network entity 105-a determines a respective coding rate R based on a conditional mutual information function (e.g., a mutual information polarization function) given by Equation 3: i , the capacitance I of the corresponding polarization level i , and the amount of information bits k ican be determined, where U i may represent the input and Y may represent the output.

[0133]

number

[0134] In some examples, the network entity 105-a may divide the set of information bits into subsets of bits and allocate k based on an information allocation algorithm. i k may be assigned information bits to each subset of bits. The subsets of bits may have unequal payload sizes. For example, k ≠ k . In such an example, the network entity 105-a may assign k information bits to each subset of bits based on the channel quality (e.g., reliability or capacity) of the corresponding polarization level. i For example, network entity 105-a may allocate fewer bits to a subset of bits corresponding to a higher coding rate, a lower capacity polarization level, etc., and may allocate more bits to a subset of bits corresponding to a lower coding rate, a higher capacity polarization level, etc.

[0135] Additionally or alternatively, the network entity 105-a may divide the set of information bits into subsets of bits based on one or more coding levels associated with one or more encoding procedures for the set of information bits. The one or more coding levels may correspond to a channel coding scheme selected by the network entity 105-a. That is, the network entity 105-a may select a channel coding scheme to use for each subset of bits based on the one or more coding levels. In some cases, the amount of coding levels may be equal to the amount of the subset of bits.

[0136] The network entity 105-a may partition each subset of bits based on the partition, the respective coding rate, and the respective channel coding scheme. For example, the network entity 105-a may encode the first subset of bits using a first coding rate according to a first channel coding scheme and may encode the second subset of bits using a second coding rate according to a second channel coding scheme. In some examples, the network entity 105-a may select or otherwise determine the respective channel coding scheme and coding rate used to encode each subset of bits, while in other examples, the channel coding scheme(s) and possibly the coding rate may be predefined or preconfigured.

[0137] In some cases, the network entity 105-a may select a different channel coding scheme for each subset of bits, e.g., a first channel coding scheme may be different from a second channel coding scheme, etc. In other cases, the network entity 105-a may select the same channel coding scheme for two or more subsets of bits, but may implement different coding rates.

[0138] In some examples, the network entity 105-a may jointly code several subsets of bits according to the same channel coding scheme and coding rate, for example, the network entity 105-a may jointly code a second subset of bits and a third subset of bits (e.g., corresponding to a third polarization level) according to a second channel coding scheme.

[0139] Additionally or alternatively, the network entity 105-a may select a channel coding scheme based on one or more subsets of the coding levels. As an illustrative example, the network entity 105-a may divide a set of information bits into seven subsets of bits. In a first scenario, the network entity 105-a may code all seven subsets of bits according to an LDPC coding scheme, but may use a different coding rate for each subset of bits. In a second scenario, the network entity 105-a may determine that a first subset of coding levels includes or otherwise corresponds to three of the seven subsets of bits, and a second coding level includes or otherwise corresponds to four of the seven subsets of bits. Here, the network entity 105-a may code the three subsets of bits included in the first subset of coding levels according to a first channel coding scheme, such as an LDPC channel coding scheme, and a first coding rate. The network entity 105-a may encode the four subsets of bits included in the second subset of coding levels according to a second channel coding scheme, such as a Reed-Solomon coding scheme, and a second coding rate. In some cases, the first coding rate may be different from the second coding rate. Alternatively, the network entity 105-a may refrain from encoding the four subsets of bits included in the second subset of levels, e.g., transmit the four subsets of bits as uncoded bits. For example, the network entity 105-a may refrain from encoding one or more subsets of bits, such as the four subsets of bits included in the second subset of coding levels, when the channel capacity of the polarization levels corresponding to the one or more subsets of bits is relatively high (e.g., when C is close to 1).

[0140] In some cases, the network entity 105-a may determine a relationship between a subset of coding levels and a channel coding scheme based on the channel reliability, coding rate, etc. of the associated polarization level, among other examples. For example, a subset of bits included in a first coding level may correspond to a first polarization level, and a subset of bits included in a second coding level may correspond to a second polarization level. Additionally or alternatively, the first coding level may correspond to a first coding rate, and the second coding level may correspond to a second coding rate. The network entity 105-a may determine that a first subset of coding levels is associated with an LDPC coding scheme based on the channel reliability, the first coding rate, or a combination thereof, of the first polarization level. The network entity 105-a may also determine that a second subset of coding levels is associated with a Reed-Solomon coding scheme based on the channel reliability, the second coding rate, or a combination thereof, of the second polarization level, among other examples.

[0141] In such a case, the network entity 105-a may additionally or alternatively determine the amount M iFor example, for a total amount M of coding levels, the network entity 105-a may determine that a first amount M1 of coding levels may be included in a first subset of coding levels, where the first subset of coding levels is associated with an LDPC coding scheme. In some examples, the network entity 105-a may determine that any remaining coding levels (e.g., M-M1 coding levels) may be associated with a different channel coding scheme (e.g., other than LDPC) or may not be associated with a channel coding scheme (e.g., a subset of bits included in the remaining coding levels may not be coded for transmission). In other examples, the network entity 105-a may determine that a second amount M2 of coding levels may be associated with a second channel coding scheme (e.g., Reed-Solomon coding scheme), a third amount M3 of coding levels may be associated with a third channel coding scheme, and so on.

[0142] After dividing the set of information bits and encoding each subset of bits, the network entity 105-a may apply a polarization transformation over the encoded subset of bits, for example, using the encoded subset of bits. In some cases, the encoded subset of bits may correspond to a set of channels based on multiple polarization levels. During the polarization transformation, the network entity 105-a may apply one or more operations (e.g., encoding operations) to the encoded subset of bits. For example, the polarization transformation may be based on a polar code, such that the output of the polarization transformation is changed. The polarization transformation may use multiple polarization levels corresponding to multiple subsets of the encoded bits. The amount of multiple polarization levels may be equal to the amount of the encoded subset of bits output, for example, from a respective channel coding scheme. As shown by FIG. 3, for example, a polarization transformation based on a polar code may have eight polarization levels, such that the network entity 105-a may input eight encoded subsets of bits to the polarization transformation and output eight subsets of polarization bits corresponding to the encoded subsets of bits.

[0143] In some cases, as described in more detail with reference to FIG. 3, the network entity 105-a may strategically apply the polarization transformation based on the reliability associated with each polarization level of the polarization transformation. For example, the network entity 105-a may input a first coded subset of bits associated with a first polarization level into the polarization transformation based on the channel reliability of the first polarization level. The network entity 105-a may additionally input a second coded subset of bits associated with a second polarization level based on the channel reliability of the second polarization level.

[0144] The polarization transformation may be an example of an error correcting code, a polar code, an (M,K) code (e.g., an inner error correcting code), a simplex code, among other examples. In some cases, the polarization transformation may be a one-to-one transformation (e.g., the amount of input equals the amount of output), while in other cases, the polarization transformation may be injective (e.g., the polarization transformation may add redundancy to the input).

[0145] After applying the polarization transformation across the coded subset of bits, the network entity 105-a may concatenate the coded subset of bits output from the polarization transformation to obtain a set of output bits corresponding to the set of information bits. The network entity 105-a may modulate the set of output bits and transmit a message 205 including the set of output bits to the UE 115-a. The UE 115-a may receive the message 205. The set of output bits in the message 205 may be received at the UE 115-a as a coded set of bits corresponding to the set of information bits. The UE 115-a may apply the above procedure in reverse. That is, the UE 115-a may demodulate the coded set of bits and apply a depolarization transformation using the coded subset of bits. The UE 115-a (e.g., a decoder of the UE 115-a) may output multiple subsets of bits from the depolarization transformation corresponding to multiple polarization levels. Additionally, the UE 115-a may perform interference cancellation, e.g., as part of the depolarization transformation. The UE 115-a may decode the multiple subsets of bits based on the depolarization transformation in accordance with one or more channel decoding schemes. The UE 115-a may process the decoded subsets of bits to obtain a set of output bits that correspond to the set of information bits.

[0146] The multiple subsets of bits may include at least a first subset of bits and a second subset of bits. In some cases, the amount of multiple subsets of bits output from the depolarization transformation at the UE 115-a may be equal to the amount of multiple subsets of bits of the set of information bits divided by the network entity 105-a. Additionally or alternatively, the multiple subsets of bits may be equal to the amount M of coding levels associated with one or more decoding procedures for the set of information bits. i For example, the amount of multiple subsets of bits may be based on the amount of coding levels M i The amount of coding levels M imay include one or more subsets of coding levels, which may correspond to one or more channel decoding schemes implemented by the UE 115-a.

[0147] During the depolarization transformation, the UE 115-a determines (e.g., based on an information allocation algorithm) the respective amounts k i That is, the UE 115-a may determine or otherwise identify the amount of information bits k i The UE 115-a may partition a coded set of bits (e.g., a set of information bits) by allocating k to multiple subsets of bits. For example, the UE 115-a may determine a first amount k of information bits included in a first subset of bits, a second amount k of information bits included in a second subset of bits, etc. The UE 115-a may determine k based on the total amount k of information bits included in the set of information bits and an effective coding rate R associated with one or more decoding procedures for the set of information bits, e.g., using Equation 2. i can be determined.

[0148] In general, the UE 115-a may determine the respective coding rate R based on a conditional mutual information function (e.g., a mutual information polarization function) given by Equation 3: i , the capacitance I of the corresponding polarization level i , and the amount of information bits per subset of bits (e.g., corresponding to a polarization level) k i For example, the UE 115-a may determine the channel decoding scheme and coding rate R i For each subset of bits, a respective coding rate R i In some cases, the depolarization conversion may determine that the UE 115-a is R i , I i , and k i The method may be based on a polar code (eg, a polarization kernel), such that {overscore (x)} may be determined recursively, eg, Equation 2 may be calculated recursively for each subset of bits.

[0149] In some examples, the UE 115-a may determine k and R based on an amount of resources allocated for transmission of the message 205, an MCS for the message 205, etc. Additionally or alternatively, the UE 115-a may determine k and R (e.g., an amount of information bits in a set of information bits and an effective coding rate, respectively) based on receiving signaling from the network entity 105-a. As shown in FIG. 2, the UE 115-a may receive a signal 210 from the network entity 105-a over the communication link 125-a. The signal 210 may indicate an amount of information bits in a set of information bits and an effective coding rate for the message 205. For example, the signal 210 may indicate a value of k and a value of R. The UE 115-a may use the indication(s) of R and k included in the signal 210 to determine the effective coding rate, among other examples. i , I i , k i , or a combination thereof. That is, the UE 115-a may determine R i , I i , and k i The information bits may be allocated to subsets of bits such that the same values ​​for k can be obtained, and the corresponding coding rate for each subset of bits may be determined based on the values ​​of R and k indicated by the network entity 105-a.

[0150] The UE 115-a may assign a depolarization transformation to the multiple subsets of bits using multiple polarization levels corresponding to the multiple subsets of bits. In some examples, the amount of the multiple polarization levels may be equal to the amount of the multiple subsets of bits, and each polarization level may correspond to a respective subset of bits. The UE 115-a may output the multiple depolarized subsets of bits from the depolarization transformation.

[0151] To decode the multiple optically resolved subsets of bits, the UE 115-a may select or otherwise determine, for each subset of bits, a respective channel decoding scheme and corresponding coding rate. For example, the UE 115-a may select a first channel decoding scheme for a first subset of bits based on R1, a second channel decoding scheme for a second subset of bits based on R2, etc. In some cases, the UE 115-a may select a channel decoding scheme for a subset of bits based on whether the corresponding coding rate R meets a threshold. For example, the threshold may be R max The UE 115-a may be a maximum value of R represented by i R max R i The value of R max is less than (e.g., R i satisfies a threshold), the UE 115-a performs a decoding method such as an LDPC channel decoding method, i Alternatively, the first channel decoding scheme for the subset of bits corresponding to R i The value of R max (e.g., R i cannot meet the threshold, the UE 115-a uses a method such as Reed-Solomon channel decoding to i , may select a second channel decoding scheme for the subset of bits corresponding to .

[0152] Additionally or alternatively, the UE 115-a may select a channel decoding scheme for a subset of bits based on a coding level (or a subset of coding levels) associated with the subset of bits. For example, a first subset of bits may be included in a first subset of coding levels associated with a first channel decoding scheme (e.g., LDPC) such that the UE 115-a uses the first channel decoding scheme to decode the first subset of bits. In some cases, the subset of coding levels may be associated with a channel decoding scheme based on the channel reliability of the corresponding polarization level. For example, some polarization levels may be associated with relatively low channel reliability, and thus the subset of coding levels corresponding to these polarization levels may be associated with an LDPC channel decoding scheme. A polarization level associated with a relatively high channel reliability may correspond to a subset of coding levels that uses a relatively low complexity channel decoding scheme, such as a Reed-Solomon channel decoding scheme.

[0153] Using the selected channel decoding scheme, the UE 115-a may sequentially decode the multiple subsets of bits, e.g., based on the depolarization transform. For example, the UE 115-a may use multi-stage decoding, where the UE 115-a may first decode a first subset of bits (e.g., output from the depolarization transform and associated with a first polarization level) using a first coding rate based on a first channel decoding scheme. The UE 115-a may then reapply the depolarization transform to the multiple subsets of bits using the decoded first subset of bits. The UE 115-a may decode a second subset of bits (e.g., further associated with a second polarization level) output from the reapplied depolarization transform based on the decoded first subset of bits using a second channel decoding scheme and a second coding rate.

[0154] After decoding, the UE 115-a may process the decoded subsets of bits to obtain a set of decoded bits that correspond to the set of information bits. For example, the UE 115-a may concatenate one or more subsets of the decoded bits, e.g., including at least the decoded first subset of bits and the decoded second subset of bits, and the set of decoded bits may include the concatenated subsets of the decoded bits.

[0155] It should be understood that the techniques described herein are not limited to the described examples, but may be extensible to any number and combination of channel coding schemes, coding rates, coding levels, polarization levels, etc. Additionally, while the techniques described herein are illustrated with reference to particular devices, it should be understood that any device or combination of devices may be used.

[0156] 3 illustrates an example of an encoder 300 supporting a polarization-adjusted channel coding design for complexity reduction according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The encoder 300 may implement information bit allocation for a channel coding scheme according to techniques described herein. For example, the encoder 300 may be implemented by a wireless device such as a network entity 105 or a UE 115 as described with reference to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 to encode and decode information bits. In the following, the encoder 300 is described as being a polar encoder with 8 channel instances (e.g., coding branches), although the principles described herein may be extended to other types of encoders and may have any number of channel instances.

[0157] A channel (e.g., W) may be a binary-input discrete memoryless channel (e.g., W:U→X, where U represents the input and X represents the output). The capacity of the channel may be represented by C=I(U;X), where 1≦C≦1 in the binary-input example, where C=I(U;X) represents mutual information and may be called the mutual information polarization function.

[0158] In some wireless communication systems, channel polarization may be used to create a supplemental channel to achieve coding gain beyond repetition. A network entity or a device such as a UE may apply channel polarization (e.g., a polarization transform) to obtain multiple instances of a channel, where each channel instance is associated with a capacity. A channel instance may also be referred to as a polarization level, such that a polarization transform may be associated with an amount M of polarization levels.

[0159] In general, the polarization transform may be any M×M matrix, where M may be any integer, assuming that the matrix is ​​a binary transform and invertible. In some examples, such as the example shown in FIG. 3, the polarization transform may be an example of a polar code or may be based on a polar kernel. For example, a polarization transform based on a polar kernel may have M polarization levels, where 2 M ×2 M Tensor power of a 2×2 matrix with dimensions

[0160]

number

[0161] In some examples, the capacity of each channel instance of a polarization transformation may not be the same as other channel instances. For example, in a binary input channel, a channel of punctured bits may have C=0, a channel of shortened bits may have C=1, and a channel transmitted over a given AWGN channel may have a C of the corresponding channel. A higher C may correspond to a higher capacity, where a higher capacity indicates that the channel instance supports a relatively high rate in terms of bits per channel usage at which information can be transmitted with an arbitrarily low probability of error (e.g., for a single transmission over a wireless medium). In other words, a relatively high capacity may correspond to a relatively high channel quality and a relatively high reliability metric.

[0162] For example, for channel W, a device may apply a polarization transformation to obtain channel instance W1 and channel instance W2. W2 may have a higher capacity than W1 and may therefore be considered to have better channel quality and reliability than W1 (e.g., W2 may be decoded with a higher success rate). The capacity of a non-polarized channel W may be represented by R, and the capacity of channel W2 may be represented by W + and the capacity of channel W1 may be represented by W - The polarization transformation may be based on a mutual information polarization function C=I(U;X). That is, the output of the mutual information polarization function (e.g., X) may be polarized based on a function associated with the transformation. W and W + / W - A mutual information conversion chart or the like may be used to establish the relationship between and thus the polarization of the channel.

[0163] The above operations can be performed recursively to result in more polarizations across N channel instances, each with a corresponding capacity and reliability. A device may load (i.e., assign) bits to be transmitted to a channel instance. In some cases, a device may load bits to a channel instance based on the reliability of each channel instance. For example, a device may load information bits into W2 and freeze or parity bits into W1.

[0164] In the example of FIG. 3, the device may obtain 8 channel instances (i.e., polarization levels, coding branches), such that N=8. The encoder 300 of the device may encode bits i (including at least a portion of the information bits) using a polar code, e.g., based on a polarization transformation. NIn this example, the encoder 300 is an 8-bit encoder and thus receives an input vector I that includes a set of bits [i0, i1, ..., i7]. The amount of bits in the set of bits can be represented by k. The input vector I that includes the amount of bits k has a length k=8. The encoder 300 can encode the set of bits and output an 8-bit output vector X([X0, X1, ..., X7]), which may also be referred to as a codeword. Because the output vector has an equal amount of bits as the input vector, the polar code example of FIG. 3 may be referred to as a one-to-one encoding scheme. Encoding schemes of other bit sizes may also be used and in some cases the output vector may have a different length than the input vector, e.g., encoding schemes other than one-to-one encoding schemes may be applied.

[0165] The multiple channel instances are represented by bit locations U to which the encoder 300 can assign corresponding bit i of the input vector I. N 3, the encoder 300 may load bit i0 into bit location U0 corresponding to a first channel instance, bit i1 into bit location U1 corresponding to a second channel instance, and so on up to bit i7 and bit location U7. The bits loaded into the bit locations may undergo one or more operations (e.g., encoding operations) for the channel instance. For example, in bit location U0, bit i0 is received at input 310 and a triple Boolean exclusive-or (XOR) operation is performed (represented by the sign "+" in element 320) to output bit X0 of the output vector X at 315.

[0166] Each channel instance of the encoder 300 may perform zero or more encoding operations on a bit i input to the channel instance via a corresponding bit location U. The encoding of a bit in one channel instance may depend on the bits input to one or more other channel instances. For example, in the channel instance corresponding to bit location U6, the encoder 300 encodes bit i6 by performing an XOR operation on bits i6 and i7. Bit i6 is received at input 325 of bit location U6, and bit i7 is received at input 330 of bit location U7. At 335, the encoder performs an XOR operation on bits i6 and i7 in the channel instance corresponding to bit location U6 to provide X6 at output 340. In other words, X6=i6XOR i7. The encoder 300 performs similar operations in the remaining channel instances corresponding to bit locations U0 to U5 and U7 to encode the corresponding bits of the input vector I. After performing the encoding operation on the bits of the input vector I, the encoder 300 outputs an output vector X, such that X contains the set of coded bits [X0, X1, . . . , X7].

[0167] Because encoder 300 is an example of a polar encoder (e.g., encoder 300 applies a polarization transformation based on a polar kernel), the channel instances corresponding to bit locations U0 through U7 (e.g., further to output vector X) are polarized such that each channel instance may be associated with a capacity and reliability. The device may distribute information bits (e.g., included in input vector I) across the channel instances based on the associated reliability (e.g., based on the channel quality associated with each channel instance). That is, bits assigned to bit locations U0 through U7 may have different probabilities of successful decoding when output X is transmitted and received at a receiver, e.g., based on the corresponding reliability of each bit location U0 through U7.

[0168] A transmitting device (e.g., a network entity, UE, etc.) may include an encoder, such as the encoder 300, to implement the techniques described herein. For example, as described with reference to FIG. 2, the network entity 105-a may rely on the encoder 300 to apply a polarization transform to multiple encoded subsets of bits of a set of information bits. Similarly, the UE 115-a may utilize the encoder 300 to decode a set of encoded bits received from the network entity 105-b. Additionally, as described with reference to FIGs. 4 and 5, the encoder 300 may be implemented in combination with one or more other channel coding schemes and / or polarization transforms.

[0169] 4 illustrates an example of an encoding scheme 400 supporting a polarization-adjusted channel coding design for complexity reduction according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The encoding scheme 400 may implement an information bit allocation scheme in accordance with the techniques described herein. For example, the encoding scheme 400 may be implemented by a transmitting device, such as a network entity 105 or a UE 115, as described with reference to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, to encode information bits prior to transmission over a communication channel. It should be noted that the principles described herein may be extended to any amount and combination of encoders and components and are not limited to those illustrated by FIG. 4.

[0170] The encoding scheme 400 may include a series of components by which a transmitting device may encode a set of information bits 405 according to the techniques described herein. As shown, the encoding scheme 400 includes a bit allocation 410, an encoder 415, a polarization transformation 420, a concatenation 425, and a modulation 430. As described with reference to FIG. 2, the transmitting device may identify a set of information bits 405 to be transmitted to a receiving device, for example, over a channel. Additionally, the transmitting device may determine an amount of information bits k of the set of information bits 405, an effective coding rate R of the channel, and a mutual information polarization function, such as Equation 3. The transmitting device may also identify or otherwise determine an amount of polarization levels for the polarization transformation 420, and each polarization level may be associated with a respective channel reliability (e.g., channel quality).

[0171] In bit allocation 410, the transmitting device may divide (e.g., split) the set of information bits 405 into two or more subsets of bits 440 based on k, R, and Equation 3, where the subsets of bits 440 may correspond to a set of polarization levels. For example, the transmitting device may calculate the amount of subsets of bits 440 into which the set of information bits 405 is divided, which may correspond to the amount of coding levels M i 4, the transmitting device may divide the set of information bits 405 into at least a first subset of bits 440-a and a second subset of bits 440-b, such that M=2, where the first subset of bits 440-a may correspond to a first polarization level and the second subset of bits 440-b may correspond to a second polarization level.

[0172] Additionally, the transmitting device may determine (e.g., based on k, R, and Equation 3) the respective amounts k of information bits assigned to each subset of bits 440. iFor example, the transmitting device may allocate a first amount of information bits, k1, to a first subset of bits 440-a based on k, R, and a first mutual information polarization function (e.g., using Equation 3). The transmitting device may allocate a second amount of information bits, k2, to a second subset of bits 440-b based on k, R, and a second mutual information polarization function (e.g., using Equation 3). In some examples, the transmitting device may allocate information bits unevenly to each subset of bits 440 based on, for example, an information allocation algorithm. In either case, the subsets of bits 440 may be of length k i can be understood as a vector of information bits having the following structure:

[0173] In some examples, the transmitting device may allocate the set of information bits 405 based on a polarization transform 420. For example, when the polarization transform 420 is a polar code (e.g., based on a polar kernel), the transmitting device may allocate the amount k of information bits to be allocated to each subset of bits 440, as described with reference to FIG. i 3 to determine the amount of information bits k i-1 Based on this, the amount of information bits k contained in the subset of bits 440 i For example, the transmitting device may assign a first amount k1 of information bits to a first subset of bits 440-a based on k and R. The transmitting device may assign a second amount k2 of information bits to a second subset of bits 440-b based on k1. The transmitting device may assign a third amount k3 of bits to a third subset of bits 440 based on k2, and so on for each subset of bits 440.

[0174] As a specific, non-limiting example, when M=4, the transmitting device may first divide the set of information bits 405 into a first subset of bits 440-a having an amount of information bits k1 and a second subset of bits 440-b having an amount of information bits k2. Using Equation 4 below, the transmitting device may divide the first subset of bits 440-a into a second subset of bits 440-b having an amount of information bits k2. 11 and k 12 and a fourth subset of bits having k 11 +k 12 The transmitting device also transmits a second subset of bits 440-b as an amount of information bits k 21 and k 22 and a sixth subset of bits having k 21 +k 22 = k2.

[0175]

number

[0176] Based on the bit allocation 410, the encoder 415 may separately encode each subset of bits 440 using a corresponding coding rate according to a respective channel coding scheme (i.e., coding technique). That is, a vector of information bits corresponding to a subset of bits 440 may be input to the encoder 415. As shown in FIG. 4, the encoder 415-a may encode a first subset of bits 440-a using a first coding rate according to a first channel coding scheme, the encoder 415-b may encode a second subset of bits 440-b using a second coding rate according to a second channel coding scheme, and so on for each subset of bits 440.

[0177] The first channel coding scheme and the second channel coding scheme may each be an example of at least one of an LDPC coding scheme, a Reed-Solomon coding scheme, an FEC coding scheme, a Polar coding scheme, a Reed-Muller coding scheme, a staircase coding scheme, a product coding scheme, a convolutional coding scheme, a turbo coding scheme, or a combination thereof, among other examples.

[0178] In some cases, encoder 415-a may have a different channel coding scheme than encoder 415-b, a different coding rate, or both. For example, encoder 415-a and encoder 415-b may both use the same channel coding scheme, but encoder 415-a may use a first coding rate that is different from a second coding rate used by encoder 415-b. Alternatively, each encoder 415 may have a different channel coding scheme than the other encoders 415.

[0179] The transmitting device may select a channel coding scheme and coding rate for each encoder 415. For example, the transmitting device may select a coding rate R for a given coding level based on k, R, and a mutual information polarization function (e.g., Equation 3). i Additionally, in some examples, the transmitting device may calculate or otherwise select R i A channel coding scheme may be selected based on comparing R to a threshold coding rate value, where R i <R max If , the transmitting device may use a relatively low coding rate (e.g., R i ) and R i >R max If so, the transmitting device may select a relatively high coding rate (e.g., R i ) (the value of

[0180] In some examples, the transmitting device may select an encoder 415 into which a subset of bits 440 may be input based on a channel coding scheme, a coding rate, a corresponding subset of coding levels, a channel reliability of the associated polarization levels, or a combination thereof, among other examples. For example, the transmitting device may determine that a first subset of coding levels may correspond to one or more polarization levels having relatively low channel reliability and a second subset of coding levels may correspond to one or more polarization levels having relatively high channel reliability. Thus, the transmitting device may determine that the first subset of coding levels is associated with a first channel coding scheme and the second subset of coding levels is associated with a second channel coding scheme.

[0181] The first channel coding scheme may be different from the second channel coding scheme. For example, the transmitting device may select an LDPC channel coding scheme to be used as the first channel coding scheme based on a relatively low channel reliability associated with a first subset of coding levels, and may select a Reed-Solomon channel coding scheme as the second channel coding scheme based on a relatively high channel reliability associated with a second subset of coding levels.

[0182] The transmitting device may assign a first subset of bits 440-a to a first subset of coding levels and a second subset of bits 440-b to a second subset of coding levels (e.g., based on the respective polarization levels). Additionally, the transmitting device may determine that the encoder 415-a is associated with the first subset of coding levels, while the encoder 415-b is assigned to the second subset of coding levels. Thus, the transmitting device may input the first subset of bits 440-a to the encoder 415-a such that the encoder 415-a encodes the first subset of bits 440-a according to a first channel coding scheme. The transmitting device may input the second subset of bits 440-b to the encoder 415-b, which may encode the second subset of bits 440-b according to a second channel coding scheme.

[0183] Alternatively, in some examples, the transmitting device may refrain from encoding the second subset of bits 440-b using encoder 415-b, i.e., the second subset of bits 440-b may remain unencoded.

[0184] Encoders 415-a and 415-b may each output a respective coded subset of bits 445-a and 445-b having respective quantities k1 and k2 of bits. The coded subsets of bits 445-a and 445-b may be input to polarization transform 420. In some examples, the transmitting device may perform a CRC for each coding level. For example, the transmitting device may perform a first CRC using a first coded subset of bits 445-a and a second CRC using a second coded subset of bits 445-b.

[0185] The encoded subset of bits 445 may correspond to a set of polarization levels. That is, the polarization levels may represent an input to the polarization transform 420, with the amount of polarization levels being equal to the amount of the encoded subset of bits 445. In other words, the polarization levels may correspond to channel instances of the polarization transform 420 into which the encoded bits (e.g., the encoded subset of bits 445) may be loaded. As shown in FIG. 4, the polarization transform 420 may receive two inputs of the encoded bits 445, and may have, for example, two polarization levels.

[0186] The exemplary portion 455 of FIG. 4 illustrates an alternative bit allocation 410 and set of coding levels for the encoders 415-a and 415-b. Here, the transmitting device may allocate the set of information bits 405 to a first subset of bits, a second subset of bits, and a third subset of bits. The first subset of bits and the second subset of bits may each have an amount of information bits equal to k1, and the third subset of bits may have an amount of information bits equal to k2. Additionally, the first, second, and third subsets of bits may each correspond to a first, second, and third polarization level, respectively. The first and second polarization levels may be associated with a first channel reliability (e.g., the same channel reliability), while the third polarization level may be associated with a second channel reliability different from the first channel reliability.

[0187] In the example portion 455, the transmitting device may jointly encode the first and second subsets of bits according to a first channel coding scheme using encoder 415-a because both the first and second subsets of bits are associated with the same channel reliability. The transmitting device may encode a third subset of bits separately from the first and second subsets of bits according to a second channel coding scheme using, for example, encoder 415-b. Encoder 415-a may output the first subset encoded separately from the second subset of bits such that polarization transform 420 may receive three inputs (e.g., the encoded first subset of bits, the encoded second subset of bits, and the encoded third subset of bits).

[0188] The polarization transform 420 may receive as input a coded subset of bits 445 that corresponds to a polarization level. That is, the transmitting device may apply the polarization transform 420 across the coded subsets of bits 445-a and 445-b. For example, as described with reference to FIG. 3, the transmitting device may assign a first coded bit of the coded subset of bits 445-a to a first bit location that corresponds to a first polarization level. The transmitting device may assign a first coded bit of the coded subset of bits 445-b to a first bit location that corresponds to a second polarization level, and so on.

[0189] In determining which bit location (e.g., and corresponding polarization level) to load a given coded bit into, the transmitting device may take into account the coding rate of the channel coding scheme of the coded bit and the reliability of the polarization level. For example, the transmitting device may assign the coded bit to a polarization level with relatively high reliability if the coded bit was coded using a relatively high coding rate (e.g., associated with relatively low redundancy). In doing so, the transmitting device may increase the likelihood that the coded bit can be successfully decoded at the receiving device. Similarly, the transmitting device may assign coded bits coded using a relatively low coding rate (e.g., associated with relatively high redundancy) to a polarization level with relatively low reliability. In this way, the transmitting device may strategically adjust the respective likelihoods of successfully decoding the coded bits.

[0190] In some examples, the polarization transform 420 may be an example of a polar code or may be based on a polar kernel, for example as shown in Figure 3. However, the techniques described herein may support other examples of transformations that polarize a channel. That is, the polarization transform 420 may be an example of any general one-to-one polarization transform that, for example, transforms an input vector U of length M into an output vector X having the same length M and provides unequal channel reliability of polarization levels.

[0191] For a given amount M of polarization levels, a general polarization transform can be any M×M matrix. Additionally, M can be any integer, assuming that the matrix is ​​a binary transform and invertible. For example, for M=3, an example transform can be shown by Equation 5. An input vector U (e.g., corresponding to an encoded subset of bits 445) can be input to the example transform to obtain an output vector X.

[0192]

number

[0193] In the example of FIG. 4, example transforms 460, 465, and 470 illustrate various options for the polarization transform 420. In each example transform 460, 465, and 470, an encoded subset of bits 445 may be input to the polarization transform. Example transform 460 illustrates a polar code, for example, where an information rate may be used as a mutual information input (e.g., to polarization levels corresponding to U1 and U2). The mutual information outputs (e.g., X1 and X2) may be polarized based on a function associated with example transform 460. For example, X1 may be the output after an XOR operation (e.g., W - ), and X2 may correspond to the output after the iteration (e.g., W + ) may also be used.

[0194] In other words, in the exemplary transform 460, the encoded subset of bits 445-a is a set of bits [u1, u2...u i ]. Vector U (e.g., bit u1 of vector U) may be input to a first polarization level of an example transform 460. The encoded subset of bits 445-b may be represented by a vector U that includes bits [v1, v2...v i ]. Vector V (e.g., bit v1 of vector V) may be input to a second polarization level. The first polarization level may include an XOR operation as shown. Bit X1 output from the first polarization level may be equal to v1+u1, and bit X2 output from the second polarization level may be equal to v1.

[0195] In exemplary transformation 465, the polarization transformation can be an example of an (M, K) code, which can be an injective code that is not a one-to-one code. That is, M < K. Here, the encoding scheme 400 can be an example of a concatenated encoding scheme where the channel encoding scheme of the encoder 415 can be understood as an "outer" error correction code and the (M, K) code can be understood as one or more inner error correction codes. The encoded subsets of bits 445-a and 445-b may be encoded together according to the (one or more) (M, K) codes. More specifically, the first bit from the encoded subset of bit 445-a may be encoded together with the second bit from the encoded subset of bit 445-b using a first outer error correction code, and the third bit from the encoded subset of bit 445-a may be encoded together with the fourth bit from the encoded subset of bit 445-b using a second outer error correction code.

[0196] Exemplary transformation 470 shows a polarization transformation implemented by a (2, 3) simplex code, which

[0197]

Number

[0198]

Number

[0199] Additionally, the mutual information polarization function for the simplex code can be given by Equation 7. R1 = I(u:x1,x2,x3) and R2 = I(v:x1,x2,x3|u) (7)

[0200] The transmitting device may determine an information bit allocation for a simplex code based on Equations 6 and 7. For example, when the polarization transformation 420 is an example of a simplex code, the bit allocation 410 may be based on Equations 6 and 7 such that a subset of bits 440-a may include an amount k1 of bits and a subset of bits 440-b may include an amount k2 of bits, e.g., according to Equation 8.

[0201]

number

[0202] A vector U (e.g., bit u1 of vector U) may be input to a first polarization level of the example transform 470. A bit v1 of vector V (e.g., vector V) may be input to a second polarization level. Output bits X1, X2, and X3 may be output based on an operation associated with the example transform 470. For example, bit X1 output from the first polarization level may be equal to u1, and bit X3 output from the third polarization level may be equal to v_1. Bit X2 may also be output,

[0203]

number

[0204] Additionally, although simplex codes are generally symmetric with respect to u and v (e.g., simplex codes provide the same degree of reliability for two information bits u1 and v1), the techniques described herein may support asymmetric application of simplex codes. For example, a receiving device may decode the encoded subset of bits 445 according to a simplex code by first decoding u1. The receiving device may then perform successive cancellation to remove u1, followed by decoding v1. Here, the reliability of the information bits mapped to v1 may be higher than the reliability of the information bits mapped to u1. Such an asymmetric design may be beneficial from a complexity standpoint, e.g., to reduce the overall complexity of decoding at the receiving device.

[0205] An alternative approach may be implemented by treating the two polarization levels in the example transform 470 as symmetric. In this case, the same number of information bits may be allocated to encoders 415-a and 415-b, and the two encoders 415 may use the same coding rate. The coding rate for each coding level in this example is

[0206]

number

[0207] The polarization transformation 420 may output a polarization and encoded subset of bits 450-a and 450-b. To transmit a message including a set of output bits 435 corresponding to the set of information bits 405, the transmitting device may concatenate the polarization and encoded subset of bits 450-a and 450-b in concatenation 425. The concatenated bits may be modulated in modulation 430. That is, the set of output bits 435 may include one or more subsets of the polarization encoded bits output from the polarization transformation 420, which are then concatenated and modulated. The transmitting device may transmit the set of output bits 435 to a receiving device, which may depolarize, decode, and process the received set of output bits 435 to obtain a set of bits corresponding to the information bits 405.

[0208] FIG. 5 illustrates an example of a decoding scheme 500 supporting a polarization-adjusted channel coding design for complexity reduction according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The decoding scheme 500 may be implemented by a receiving device, such as a network entity 105 or a UE 115, as described with reference to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, to decode a set of bits received over a communication channel (e.g., from a transmitting device) according to the techniques described herein. For example, the decoding scheme 500 may be an example decoding scheme implemented by a receiving device to decode a set of bits encoded at a transmitting device, as described with reference to FIG. 4. The decoding scheme 500 may implement the procedures and operations of the coding scheme 400 in reverse. It should be noted that the principles described herein may be extended to any amount and combination of decoders and components and are not limited to those illustrated by FIG. 5.

[0209] A receiving device may receive an encoded set of bits corresponding to a set of information bits. The decoding scheme 500 may include a series of components used by the receiving device to decode the encoded set of bits to obtain a set of information bits 535. As shown, the decoding scheme 500 includes demodulation 510, a depolarization transform 520, a decoder 525, and a concatenation 530. The receiving device may input the encoded set of bits to the decoding scheme 500 as a set of input bits 505. The receiving device may demodulate the set of input bits 505 in demodulation 510 and input the demodulated bits to the depolarization transform 520.

[0210] The depolarization transform 520 may depolarize the demodulated bits based on the set of polarization levels. Additionally, the receiving device may use the depolarization transform 520 to perform interference cancellation. The depolarization transform 520 may output multiple subsets of bits 540 (e.g., multiple subsets of log-likelihood ratios (LLRs)) corresponding to the set of polarization levels. For example, as described with reference to FIG. 2, the depolarization transform 520 may output a first subset of bits 540-a and a second subset of bits 540-b. In some examples, the amount of the set of polarization levels may be equal to the amount of multiple subsets of bits 540, and each polarization level may correspond to a respective subset of bits 540.

[0211] Each subset of bits 540 represents an amount of information bits k i During the depolarization transformation 520, the receiving device may determine the amount of information bits k included in each subset of bits 540 based on the total amount of information bits k included in the set of information bits 535 and the effective coding rate R associated with one or more decoding procedures for the set of information bits, using, for example, Equation 2. i Additionally, the receiving device may determine a respective coding rate R for each subset of bits 540 based on a conditional mutual information function (e.g., a mutual information polarization function) given by Equation 3. iand / or a capacitance I of a corresponding polarization level i can be determined.

[0212] In some examples, the polarization cancellation transform 520 may be, for example, an example of a polar code as shown in FIG. 3, or may be based on a polar kernel. However, the techniques described herein may support other examples of polarization cancellation that polarize the channel. That is, the polarization cancellation transform 520 can be an example of any general one-to-one polarization cancellation transform.

[0213] Alternatively, in some examples, the polarization cancellation transform 520 may include or be an example of an inner error correction code. For example, a receiving device may apply the polarization cancellation transform 520 by decoding a subset of bits 540-a and 540-b using an inner error correction code. For example, the polarization cancellation transform 520 can be an example of an (M, K) code, which can be an injective code that is not a one-to-one code. That is, M < K. The polarization cancellation transform 520 can include decoding a subset of bits 540 together according to one or more (M, K) codes. More specifically, a first bit from a subset of bits 540-a may be decoded together with a second bit from a subset of bits 540-b using a first inner error correction code, and a third bit from a subset of bits 540-a may be encoded together with a fourth bit from a subset of bits 540-b using a second inner error correction code. In some other examples, the inner error correction code of the polarization cancellation transform 520 may be an example of a simplex code such as a (2, 3) simplex code.

[0214] After performing the depolarization transformation 520, the receiving device may input a first subset of bits 540-a to a decoder 525-a and a second subset of bits 540-b to a decoder 525-b. The decoders 525 may each implement a respective channel decoding scheme, coding rate, or combination thereof. For example, the receiving device may select a first channel decoding scheme for the decoder 525-a based on a coding rate R1 associated with the first subset of bits 540-a. The receiving device may select a second channel decoding scheme for the second decoder 525-b based on a coding rate R2 associated with the second subset of bits 540-b, and so on.

[0215] Additionally or alternatively, the receiving device may select a channel decoding scheme for the decoder 525 based on a coding level (or a subset of coding levels) associated with a subset of bits 540. In some cases, a subset of coding levels may be associated with a channel decoding scheme based on the channel reliability of a corresponding polarization level. For example, a first subset of bits 540-a may be included in a first subset of coding levels associated with a first channel decoding scheme (e.g., LDPC). Thus, the decoder 525-a may decode the first subset of bits 540-a according to the first channel decoding scheme.

[0216] Using the decoder 525, the receiving device may sequentially decode multiple subsets of bits 540 based on the depolarization transform 520 according to a selected decoding scheme and decoding rate. For example, the receiving device may implement multi-stage decoding, where the decoder 525-a may decode a first subset of bits 540-a (e.g., output from the depolarization transform 520 and associated with a first polarization level) based on a first channel decoding scheme using a first coding rate. The decoder 525-a may output a first decoded subset of bits 545-a. The receiving device may input the first decoded subset of bits 545-a to the depolarization transform 520 such that the decoder 525-b may decode a second subset of bits 540-b based on the first decoded subset of bits 545-a (e.g., further using a second channel decoding scheme as well as a second coding rate).

[0217] In general, the receiving device may decode a subset of bits 540 associated with a polarization level using any previously decoded subset of bits 545 associated with a previous polarization level. i From M M-1 , based on one or more decoded subsets of bits 545 associated with i , and may decode the subset of bits 540 associated with the

[0218] In some examples, the receiving device may perform a CRC for each decoded subset of bits. For example, the receiving device may perform a first CRC using a first decoded subset of bits 545-a and a second CRC using a second decoded subset of bits 545-b.

[0219] The exemplary transform 550 illustrates an alternative option to the depolarization transform 520, where the depolarization transform 520 is a first depolarization component f - and the second depolarization component f +In this example, the demodulator 510 may generate a set of LLR values ​​corresponding to the set of input bits 505 (e.g., corresponding to an encoded set of information bits received from a transmitting device).

[0220] For example, the transmitting device may encode and polarize a first subset of bits corresponding to vector U and a second subset of bits corresponding to vector V, as described with reference to FIG. 4, e.g., using the exemplary transform 460. Thus, the set of input bits 505 received from the transmitting device may include a first subset of coded polarization bits corresponding to V+U and a second subset of coded polarization bits corresponding to V. The demodulator 510 may generate a set of LLR values ​​corresponding to V+U and V, and the set of LLR values ​​may be input to the exemplary transform 550. The set of LLR values ​​may have an amount of LLR values ​​equal to twice the length of the set of input bits 505.

[0221] The receiving device receives the first depolarization component f of the exemplary transformation 550. - and the set of LLR values ​​to obtain a first subset of LLR values ​​corresponding to vector U. Based on the first subset of LLR values, decoder 525-a may decode a first subset of bits 540-a to obtain a decoded first subset of bits 545-a. The decoded first subset of bits 545-a may correspond to a subset of bits included in vector U. Decoder 525-a may convert the decoded first subset of bits 545-a to an example transform 550, e.g., a second depolarization component f + The receiving device may input the decoded first subset of bits 545-a, the set of LLR values, and the second depolarization component f -Based on the second subset of LLR values, decoder 525-b may obtain a second subset of LLR values ​​corresponding to vector V. Based on the second subset of LLR values, decoder 525-b may decode a second subset of bits 540-b to obtain a decoded second subset of bits 545-b. The receiving device may perform this procedure recursively for each subset of bits 540 until all subsets of bits 540 have been decoded.

[0222] Decoder 525 may output a decoded subset of bits 545. In concatenation 530, the receiving device may process the decoded subset of bits 545 by concatenating one or more decoded subsets of bits 545, including at least the first decoded subset of bits 545-a and the second decoded subset of bits 545-b. Concatenation 530 may output a set of information bits 535 that corresponds to the set of information bits transmitted by the transmitting device.

[0223] 6 illustrates an example of a process flow 600 supporting polarization-adjusted channel coding design for complexity reduction in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The process flow 600 may be implemented to implement or effectuate aspects of the wireless communication system 100, the wireless communication system 200, the encoder 300, the encoding scheme 400, or the decoding scheme 500. For example, the process flow 600 illustrates communication between the UE 115-b and the network entity 105-b, which may be examples of the UE 115 and the network entity 105 described herein. Additionally, the UE 115-b may be an example of a receiving device, and the network entity 105-b may be an example of a transmitting device.

[0224] In the following description of process flow 600, operations may be performed (e.g., reported or provided) in an order different from that shown, or operations performed by an example device may be performed in a different order or at different times. Some operations may also be omitted from process flow 600, or other operations may be added to process flow 600. Furthermore, while some operations or signaling are shown to occur at different times for purposes of explanation, these operations may actually occur simultaneously or otherwise in parallel.

[0225] At 605, the network entity 105-b may divide a set of information bits (e.g., to be transmitted to the UE 115-b) into multiple subsets of bits corresponding to multiple polarization levels. The multiple subsets of bits may include at least a first subset of bits and a second subset of bits.

[0226] In some examples, the network entity 105-b may divide the set of information bits based on an amount of coding levels that may be associated with one or more coding procedures for the set of information bits. In such examples, the network entity 105-b may divide the set of information bits into an amount of subsets of bits equal to the amount of coding levels. The network entity 105-b may additionally determine one or more subsets of coding levels. For example, the network entity 105-b may determine a first subset of coding levels and a second subset of coding levels.

[0227] The network entity 105-b may determine or otherwise identify a respective amount of information bits of the set of information bits included in each subset of bits. For example, the network entity 105-b may determine a first amount of information bits included in a first subset of bits and a second amount of information bits included in a second subset of bits. In some cases, the network entity 105-b may determine the first amount of information bits and the second amount of information bits (e.g., any additional amounts of information bits) based on a total amount of information bits of the set of information bits and an effective coding rate associated with one or more coding procedures for the set of information bits.

[0228] In some cases, the network entity 105-b may recursively determine one or more of the quantities of information bits. For example, at 625, the network entity 105-b may perform a polarization transformation based on a polar code on a subset of the bits. In such an example, at 605, the network entity 105-b may determine a first quantity of information bits based on a total quantity of information bits and an effective coding rate of the set of information bits. The network entity 105-b may determine a second quantity of bits based on the first quantity of information bits, a third quantity of bits based on the second quantity of information bits (e.g., further the total quantity of information bits and the effective coding rate), and so on.

[0229] At 610, the network entity 105-b may determine or otherwise identify a set of polarization levels for the polarization conversion (e.g., performed at 625). Each subset of bits (e.g., divided at 605) may correspond to a polarization level. For example, a first subset of bits may be associated with a first polarization level of the set of polarization levels, and a second subset of bits may be associated with a second polarization level of the set of polarization levels. The set of polarization levels may include an amount of polarization levels. In some cases, the amount of polarization levels may be equal to an amount of the encoded subset of bits (e.g., output after encoding at 620 and 625).

[0230] In some examples, the network entity 105-b may determine a respective amount of information bits at 605 based on one or more polarization levels of the set of polarization levels determined at 610. For example, the network entity 105-b may determine a first mutual information polarization function for the first polarization level. The first mutual information polarization function may be based on the effective coding rate and the capacity of the first polarization level. The network entity 105-b may determine a first amount of information bits at 605 based on the first mutual information polarization function. The network entity 105-b may additionally determine a second mutual information polarization function for a second polarization level, the second mutual information polarization function being based on the effective coding rate and the capacity of the second polarization level. The network entity 105-b may determine a second amount of information bits at 605 based on the second mutual information polarization function.

[0231] At 615, the network entity 105-b may select one or more channel coding schemes and one or more corresponding coding rates to be used to code the subset of bits (e.g., at 620 and 625). The one or more channel coding schemes may include, but are not limited to, an LDPC coding scheme, a Reed-Solomon coding scheme, an FEC coding scheme, a Polar coding scheme, a Reed-Muller coding scheme, a staircase coding scheme, a product coding scheme, a convolutional coding scheme, a turbo coding scheme, or any combination thereof. For example, the network entity 105-b may select a first channel coding scheme for coding the first subset of bits and a second channel coding scheme for coding the second subset of bits. In some cases, the first channel coding scheme may be different from the second channel coding scheme. For example, the first channel coding scheme may be an LDPC coding scheme and the second channel coding scheme may be a Reed-Solomon coding scheme.

[0232] In some cases, the one or more coding schemes selected at 615 may be associated with one or more coding levels or one or more subsets of coding levels. For example, the network entity 105-b may determine that a first subset of coding levels is associated with a first channel coding scheme and a second subset of coding levels is associated with a second channel coding scheme. In some examples, the subsets of coding levels may be associated with channel coding schemes based on the channel reliability (e.g., a reliability metric) of the corresponding polarization level. For example, the first subset of coding levels may be associated with a first channel coding scheme based on the channel reliability of the first polarization level, the second subset of coding levels may be associated with a second channel coding scheme based on the channel reliability of the second polarization level, and so on.

[0233] The network entity 105-b may select a respective coding rate for each coding scheme. In some cases, the network entity 105-b may select the coding rates based on an effective coding rate (e.g., associated with one or more coding procedures for a set of information bits) and a mutual information polarization function. The network entity 105-b may, for example, select a first coding rate for a first coding scheme and a second coding rate for a second coding scheme.

[0234] Thus, the network entity 105-b may select any combination of channel coding schemes and coding rates for the subsets of bits (e.g., divided at 605). That is, the network entity 105-b may select one or more channel coding schemes for one or more subsets of bits, and may select one or more coding rates for each channel coding scheme. For example, the network entity 105-b may select a single channel coding scheme and multiple coding rates such that all subsets of bits are coded according to a single channel coding scheme (e.g., at 620 and 625), but some subsets of bits are coded using a first coding rate and other subsets of bits are coded using a second coding rate.

[0235] In some examples, the network entity 105-b may select a channel coding scheme based on a coding rate, such as an effective coding rate or a calculated coding rate for a corresponding coding level. For example, the network entity 105-b may calculate a respective coding rate for each coding level based on a mutual information polarization function and an effective coding rate. The network entity 105-b may select a channel coding scheme for a coding level (or a subset of coding levels) based on the corresponding calculated coding rate. In some cases, the network entity 105-b may select a channel coding scheme for a coding level based on a calculated coding rate that meets or fails to meet a threshold. For example, the network entity 105-b may identify or otherwise determine a threshold coding rate and compare the calculated coding rate (e.g., for a coding level) to the threshold coding rate. The network entity 105-b may select a first channel coding scheme if the coding rate meets the threshold and may select a second channel coding scheme if the coding rate fails to meet the threshold.

[0236] At 620, the network entity 105-b may encode the first subset of bits for the first polarization level using a first coding rate according to a first channel coding scheme (e.g., selected at 615). In some cases, the network entity 105-b may encode the first subset of bits based on the first subset of coding levels associated with the first channel coding rate. In some examples, at 620, the network entity 105-b may perform a first CRC procedure using the first subset of bits.

[0237] At 625, the network entity 105-b may encode a second subset of bits for the second polarization level using a second coding rate according to a second channel coding scheme (e.g., selected at 615). In some cases, the network entity 105-b may encode the second subset of bits based on a second subset of coding levels associated with the second channel coding rate. In some examples, at 625, the network entity 105-b may perform a second CRC procedure using the second subset of bits.

[0238] In some examples, at 625, the network entity 105-b may encode a third subset of the multiple subsets of bits together with a second subset of bits for a third polarization level of the multiple polarization levels, e.g., using a second coding rate according to a second channel coding scheme.

[0239] At 630, the network entity 105-b may perform a polarization transformation using at least the encoded first subset of bits for the first polarization level and the encoded second subset of bits for the second polarization level to obtain a set of output bits corresponding to the set of information bits. The polarization transformation may be based on a polar code. In some examples, the network entity 105-b may perform a polarization transformation for multiple encoded subsets of bits corresponding to multiple channels, for example, based on the amount of polarization levels (determined at 610). In such examples, the amount of polarization levels may be equal to the amount of multiple encoded subsets of bits. Additionally, in some examples (e.g., if the network entity 105-b encoded a third subset of bits together with the second subset of bits at 625), the network entity 105-b may perform a polarization transformation using the encoded third subset of bits.

[0240] In some cases, network entity 105-b may perform the polarization conversion by encoding the first subset of bits and the second subset of bits using an inner error correcting code, such as a simplex code. For example, network entity 105-b may encode a first bit from the first subset of bits together with a second bit from the second subset of bits using a first inner error correcting code and may encode a third bit from the first subset of bits together with a fourth bit from the second subset of bits using a second inner error correcting code.

[0241] At 635, the network entity 105-b may concatenate one or more sets of polarization bits output after performing the polarization conversion (e.g., at 630). The set of output bits may include the concatenated one or more sets of polarization bits.

[0242] The network entity 105-b may transmit the set of output bits at 640. The UE 115-b may receive the set of output bits as an encoded set of bits corresponding to the set of information bits.

[0243] At 645, the UE 115-b may perform a depolarization transformation using the encoded set of bits (e.g., corresponding to a set of information bits) to obtain multiple subsets of bits corresponding to multiple polarization levels. The multiple subsets of bits may include at least a first subset of bits and a second subset of bits, and in some cases may be based on an amount of coding levels associated with one or more decoding procedures for the set of information bits. In such a case, the amount of the multiple subsets of bits may be equal to the amount of coding levels. Additionally, in some examples, the UE 115-b may determine one or more subsets of coding levels, e.g., corresponding to one or more channel decoding schemes.

[0244] In some cases, while performing the depolarization transformation, the UE 115-b may determine a respective amount of bits included in each subset of bits. For example, the UE 115-b may determine a first amount of bits included in a first subset of bits based on a total amount of information bits in the set of information bits and an effective coding rate associated with one or more decoding procedures for the set of information bits. The UE 115-b may determine a second amount of information bits included in a second subset of bits of the subsets based on a total amount of information bits in the set of information bits and an effective coding rate.

[0245] In some examples, the UE 115-b may receive a signal (e.g., from the network entity 105-b) indicating a total amount of information bits and an effective coding rate, and may determine the respective amounts of bits based on receiving the signal.

[0246] In some examples, the UE 115-b may determine the respective amounts of bits based on mutual information polarization functions. For example, the UE 115-b may determine a first mutual information polarization function for a first polarization level based on an effective coding rate and a capacity of the first polarization level. The UE 115-b may determine a second mutual information polarization function for a second polarization level based on an effective coding rate and a capacity of the second polarization level. The UE 115-b may determine a first amount of information bits based on the first mutual information polarization function and may determine a second amount of information bits based on the second mutual information polarization function.

[0247] Additionally or alternatively, the depolarization transformation may be based on a polar code, where the UE 115-b may recursively determine the respective amounts of bits. For example, the UE 115-b may determine a second amount of information bits based on the first amount of information bits. The UE 115-b may determine a third amount of information bits included in a third subset of the plurality of subsets based on the total amount of information bits in the set of information bits, the effective coding rate, and the second amount of information bits.

[0248] In some examples, the UE 115-b may perform depolarization transformation for the multiple coded subsets of bits corresponding to the multiple channels based on the amount of polarization levels for the depolarization transformation. In such examples, the amount of polarization levels may be equal to the amount of the multiple coded subsets of bits.

[0249] In some cases, the UE 115-b may perform the depolarization conversion by decoding the first subset of bits and the second subset of bits using an inner error correcting code, such as a simplex code. For example, the UE 115-b may decode a first bit from the first subset of bits along with a second bit from the second subset of bits using a first inner error correcting code and may decode a third bit from the first subset of bits along with a fourth bit from the second subset of bits using a second inner error correcting code.

[0250] At 650, the UE 115-b may select one or more channel decoding schemes and one or more corresponding coding rates to be used to decode the multiple subsets of bits (e.g., at 655 and 660). The one or more channel decoding schemes may include, but are not limited to, an LDPC coding scheme, a Reed-Solomon coding scheme, an FEC coding scheme, a Polar coding scheme, a Reed-Muller coding scheme, a staircase coding scheme, a product coding scheme, a convolutional coding scheme, a turbo coding scheme, or any combination thereof. For example, the UE 115-b may select a first channel decoding scheme for decoding the first subset of bits and a second channel decoding scheme for decoding the second subset of bits. In some cases, the first channel decoding scheme may be different from the second channel decoding scheme. For example, the first channel coding scheme may be an LDPC coding scheme and the second channel coding scheme may be a Reed-Solomon coding scheme.

[0251] In some cases, the one or more decoding schemes selected at 650 may be associated with one or more coding levels or one or more subsets of coding levels. For example, UE 115-b may determine that a first subset of coding levels is associated with a first channel decoding scheme and a second subset of coding levels is associated with a second channel decoding scheme. In some examples, the subsets of coding levels may be associated with a channel decoding scheme based on the channel reliability (e.g., a reliability metric) of the corresponding polarization level. For example, the first subset of decoding levels may be associated with a first channel decoding scheme based on the channel reliability of the first polarization level, the second subset of coding levels may be associated with a second channel decoding scheme based on the channel reliability of the second polarization level, and so on.

[0252] The UE 115-b may select a respective coding rate for each channel decoding scheme. In some cases, the UE 115-b may select the coding rates based on an effective coding rate (e.g., associated with one or more decoding procedures for the set of information bits) and a mutual information polarization function. The UE 115-b may, for example, select a first coding rate for a first channel decoding scheme and a second coding rate for a second channel decoding scheme.

[0253] In some examples, the UE 115-b may select a channel decoding scheme based on a coding rate, such as an effective coding rate or a coding rate calculated for a corresponding coding level. For example, the UE 115-b may calculate a respective coding rate for each coding level based on a mutual information polarization function and an effective coding rate. The UE 115-b may select a channel decoding scheme for a coding level (or a subset of coding levels) based on the corresponding calculated coding rate. In some cases, the UE 115-b may select a channel decoding scheme for a coding level based on a calculated coding rate that meets or fails to meet a threshold. For example, the UE 115-b may identify or otherwise determine a threshold coding rate and compare the calculated coding rate (e.g., for a coding level) to the threshold coding rate. The UE 115-b may select a first channel decoding scheme if the coding rate meets a threshold and may select a second channel decoding scheme if the coding rate fails to meet the threshold.

[0254] At 655, the UE 115-b may decode the first subset of bits for the first polarization level using a first coding rate according to a first channel decoding scheme (e.g., selected at 650). In some cases, the UE 115-b may decode the first subset of bits based on the first subset of coding levels associated with the first channel coding rate. In some examples, at 655, the UE 115-b may perform a first CRC procedure using the first subset of bits.

[0255] At 660, the UE 115-b may decode a second subset of bits for the second polarization level using a second coding rate according to a second channel decoding scheme (e.g., selected at 650). In some cases, the UE 115-b may decode the second subset of bits based on a second subset of coding levels associated with the second channel coding rate. In some examples, at 660, the UE 115-b may perform a second CRC procedure using the second subset of bits.

[0256] In some examples, at 660, the UE 115-b may decode a third subset of the multiple subsets of bits together with a second subset of bits for a third polarization level of the multiple polarization levels, e.g., using a second coding rate in accordance with a second channel decoding scheme.

[0257] At 665, the UE 115-b may process the decoded first subset of bits and the decoded second subset of bits to obtain a set of decoded bits corresponding to the set of information bits. For example, the UE 115-b may concatenate one or more subsets of decoded bits output from the channel decoding scheme, where the one or more subsets of bits may include at least the decoded first subset of bits and the decoded second subset of bits. The set of decoded bits may include the concatenated one or more subsets of decoded bits.

[0258] 7 illustrates a block diagram 700 of a device 705 supporting polarization-adjusted channel coding design for complexity reduction in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 705 may be an example of an aspect of a network entity 105 as described herein. The device 705 may include a receiver 710, a transmitter 715, and a communications manager 720. The device 705 may also include a processor. Each of these components may be in communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0259] The receiver 710 may provide a means for obtaining (e.g., receiving, determining, identifying) information, such as user data, control information, or any combination thereof (e.g., I / Q samples, symbols, packets, protocol data units, service data units), associated with various channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels, channels associated with protocol stacks). The information may be passed to other components of the device 705. In some examples, the receiver 710 may support obtaining information by receiving signals via one or more antennas. Additionally or alternatively, the receiver 710 may support obtaining information by receiving signals via one or more wired (e.g., electrical, optical fiber) interfaces, wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof.

[0260] The transmitter 715 may provide a means for outputting (e.g., transmitting, providing, conveying, sending) information generated by other components of the device 705. For example, the transmitter 715 may output information such as user data, control information, or any combination thereof (e.g., I / Q samples, symbols, packets, protocol data units, service data units) associated with various channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels, channels associated with protocol stacks). In some examples, the transmitter 715 may support outputting information by transmitting signals via one or more antennas. Additionally or alternatively, the transmitter 715 may support outputting information by transmitting signals via one or more wired (e.g., electrical, optical fiber) interfaces, wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof. In some examples, the transmitter 715 and the receiver 710 may be collocated in a transceiver that may include or be coupled to a modem.

[0261] The communications manager 720, the receiver 710, the transmitter 715, or various combinations or components thereof may be examples of means for performing various aspects of the polarization-adjusted channel coding design for complexity reduction as described herein. For example, the communications manager 720, the receiver 710, the transmitter 715, or various combinations or components thereof may support a method for performing one or more of the functions as described herein.

[0262] In some examples, the communications manager 720, the receiver 710, the transmitter 715, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in a communications management circuit). The hardware may include a processor, a DSP, a CPU, an ASIC, an FPGA, or other programmable logic device, a microcontroller, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof configured as or otherwise supporting means for performing the functions described in this disclosure. In some examples, the communications manager 720 may comprise a general-purpose processor, a modem processor, a DSP, or other dedicated hardware, or a combination thereof. In some examples, the processor and a memory coupled to the processor may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., by the processor executing instructions stored in the memory).

[0263] Additionally or alternatively, in some examples, the communications manager 720, the receiver 710, the transmitter 715, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in code executed by a processor (e.g., as communications management software or firmware). If implemented in code executed by a processor, the functions of the communications manager 720, the receiver 710, the transmitter 715, or various combinations or components thereof may be performed by a general-purpose processor (e.g., configured as or otherwise supporting a means for performing the functions described in this disclosure), a DSP, a CPU, an ASIC, an FPGA, a microcontroller, or any combination of these or other programmable logic devices.

[0264] In some examples, the communications manager 720 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receive, obtain, monitor, output, transmit) using or otherwise working in conjunction with the receiver 710, the transmitter 715, or both. For example, the communications manager 720 may receive information from the receiver 710, transmit information to the transmitter 715, or be integrated in combination with the receiver 710, the transmitter 715, or both to obtain information, output information, or perform various other operations as described in this disclosure.

[0265] The communications manager 720 may support wireless communications in a first wireless device according to examples as disclosed herein. For example, the communications manager 720 may be configured as or otherwise support a means for dividing a set of information bits into a set of multiple subsets of bits corresponding to multiple polarization levels. The communications manager 720 may be configured as or otherwise support a means for encoding a first subset of bits of the set of multiple subsets for a first polarization level of the multiple polarization levels according to a first channel coding scheme. The communications manager 720 may be configured as or otherwise support a means for encoding a second subset of bits of the set of multiple subsets for a second polarization level of the multiple polarization levels according to a second channel coding scheme. The communications manager 720 may be configured as or otherwise support a means for performing a polarization transformation using the encoded first subset of bits for the first polarization level and the encoded second subset of bits for the second polarization level to obtain a set of output bits corresponding to the set of information bits. Communications manager 720 may be configured with or otherwise support a means for transmitting the set of output bits to the second wireless device.

[0266] By including or configuring a communications manager 720 according to examples as described herein, the device 705 (e.g., a processor controlling or otherwise coupled to the receiver 710, the transmitter 715, the communications manager 720, or a combination thereof) may support techniques for reducing the complexity of a channel coding scheme. For example, the device 705 may combine a polarization technique (e.g., a polarization transformation) with a channel coding scheme and coding rate associated with a reduced complexity such that the device 705 may transmit coded bits without reducing the likelihood that a receiving device will successfully receive the coded bits. Additionally, reducing the complexity of the channel coding scheme may correspond to reduced processing, reduced system latency, and improved efficiency.

[0267] 8 illustrates a block diagram 800 of a device 805 supporting polarization-adjusted channel coding design for complexity reduction in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 805 may be an example of an aspect of a device 705 or a network entity 105 as described herein. The device 805 may include a receiver 810, a transmitter 815, and a communications manager 820. The device 805 may also include a processor. Each of these components may be in communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0268] The receiver 810 may provide a means for obtaining (e.g., receiving, determining, identifying) information, such as user data, control information, or any combination thereof (e.g., I / Q samples, symbols, packets, protocol data units, service data units), associated with various channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels, channels associated with protocol stacks). The information may be passed to other components of the device 805. In some examples, the receiver 810 may support obtaining information by receiving signals via one or more antennas. Additionally or alternatively, the receiver 810 may support obtaining information by receiving signals via one or more wired (e.g., electrical, optical fiber) interfaces, wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof.

[0269] The transmitter 815 may provide a means for outputting (e.g., transmitting, providing, conveying, sending) information generated by other components of the device 805. For example, the transmitter 815 may output information such as user data, control information, or any combination thereof (e.g., I / Q samples, symbols, packets, protocol data units, service data units) associated with various channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels, channels associated with protocol stacks). In some examples, the transmitter 815 may support outputting information by transmitting signals via one or more antennas. Additionally or alternatively, the transmitter 815 may support outputting information by transmitting signals via one or more wired (e.g., electrical, optical fiber) interfaces, wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof. In some examples, the transmitter 815 and the receiver 810 may be collocated in a transceiver that may include or be coupled to a modem.

[0270] The device 805, or various components thereof, may be examples of means for performing various aspects of a polarization-adjusted channel coding design for complexity reduction as described herein. For example, the communications manager 820 may include a bit allocation component 825, an encoding component 830, a polarization conversion component 835, an output bit transmitter 840, or any combination thereof. The communications manager 820 may be an example of an aspect of the communications manager 720 as described herein. In some examples, the communications manager 820, or various components thereof, may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receive, obtain, monitor, output, transmit) using or otherwise cooperating with the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, or both. For example, the communications manager 820 may receive information from the receiver 810, transmit information to the transmitter 815, or be integrated in combination with the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, or both to obtain information, output information, or perform various other operations as described in this disclosure.

[0271] The communications manager 820 may support wireless communications in a first wireless device according to examples as disclosed herein. The bit allocation component 825 may be configured as or otherwise support a means for dividing a set of information bits into a set of multiple subsets of bits corresponding to a plurality of polarization levels. The encoding component 830 may be configured as or otherwise support a means for encoding a first subset of bits of the set of multiple subsets for a first polarization level of the plurality of polarization levels according to a first channel coding scheme. The encoding component 830 may be configured as or otherwise support a means for encoding a second subset of bits of the set of multiple subsets for a second polarization level of the plurality of polarization levels according to a second channel coding scheme. The polarization transformation component 835 may be configured as or otherwise support a means for performing a polarization transformation using the encoded first subset of bits for the first polarization level and the encoded second subset of bits for the second polarization level to obtain a set of output bits corresponding to the set of information bits. The output bit transmitter 840 may be configured with or otherwise support a means for transmitting the set of output bits to the second wireless device.

[0272] 9 illustrates a block diagram 900 of a communications manager 920 supporting a polarization-adjusted channel coding design for reduced complexity in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The communications manager 920 may be an example of an aspect of the communications manager 720, the communications manager 820, or both, as described herein. The communications manager 920, or various components thereof, may be examples of a means for performing various aspects of the polarization-adjusted channel coding design for reduced complexity as described herein. For example, the communications manager 920 may include a bit allocation component 925, an encoding component 930, a polarization conversion component 935, an output bit transmitter 940, a concatenation component 945, an encoding level component 950, a CRC component 955, or any combination thereof. Each of these components may communicate directly or indirectly with each other (e.g., via one or more buses), which may include communications within a protocol layer of a protocol stack, communications associated with a logical channel of a protocol stack (e.g., between protocol layers of a protocol stack, within a device, component, or virtualization component associated with network entity 105, between devices, components, or virtualization components associated with network entity 105), or any combination thereof.

[0273] The communications manager 920 may support wireless communications in a first wireless device according to examples as disclosed herein. The bit allocation component 925 may be configured as, or otherwise support, a means for dividing a set of information bits into a set of multiple subsets of bits corresponding to a plurality of polarization levels. The encoding component 930 may be configured as, or otherwise support, a means for encoding a first subset of bits of the set of multiple subsets for a first polarization level of the plurality of polarization levels according to a first channel coding scheme. In some examples, the encoding component 930 may be configured as, or otherwise support, a means for encoding a second subset of bits of the set of multiple subsets for a second polarization level of the plurality of polarization levels according to a second channel coding scheme. The polarization transformation component 935 may be configured as, or otherwise support, a means for performing a polarization transformation using the encoded first subset of bits for the first polarization level and the encoded second subset of bits for the second polarization level to obtain a set of output bits corresponding to the set of information bits. The output bit transmitter 940 may be configured with or otherwise support a means for transmitting the set of output bits to the second wireless device.

[0274] In some examples, the encoding component 930 may be configured with or otherwise support a means for encoding a third subset of bits of the set of the plurality of subsets together with a second subset of bits for a third polarization level of the plurality of polarization levels according to a second channel coding scheme, where the polarization conversion is performed using the encoded first subset of bits of the first polarization level, the encoded second subset of bits of the second polarization level, and the encoded third subset of bits of the third polarization level.

[0275] In some examples, to support partitioning the set of information bits, the bit allocation component 925 may be configured as or otherwise support a means for partitioning the set of information bits into a set of multiple subsets of bits based on an amount of coding levels associated with one or more encoding procedures for the set of information bits, where the amount of the sets of multiple subsets of bits is equal to the amount of coding levels.

[0276] In some examples, to support performing polarization conversion, the polarization conversion component 935 may be configured as or otherwise support a means for performing polarization conversion on a set of multiple coded subsets of bits corresponding to a set of multiple channels based on an amount of polarization levels for the polarization conversion, where the amount of the set of multiple coded subsets of bits is equal to the amount of polarization levels for the polarization conversion.

[0277] In some examples, the coding level component 950 may be configured with or otherwise support a means for determining a first subset of coding levels associated with a first channel coding scheme. In some examples, the coding level component 950 may be configured with or otherwise support a means for determining a second subset of coding levels associated with a second channel coding scheme, where the first subset of bits and the second subset of bits are coded based on the first subset of coding levels and the second subset of coding levels.

[0278] In some examples, a first subset of the coding levels is associated with a first channel coding scheme based on a channel reliability of the first polarization level, and in some examples, a second subset of the coding levels is associated with a second channel coding scheme based on a channel reliability of the second polarization level.

[0279] In some examples, the first channel coding scheme is different from the second channel coding scheme. In some examples, the first channel coding scheme includes an LDPC coding scheme.

[0280] In some examples, the CRC component 955 may be configured as or otherwise support a means for performing a first CRC procedure using a first subset of bits, hi some examples, the CRC component 955 may be configured as or otherwise support a means for performing a second CRC procedure using a second subset of bits.

[0281] In some examples, the encoding component 930 may be configured with or otherwise support a means for selecting a first encoding rate for a first channel coding scheme based on an effective coding rate and a mutual information polarization function associated with one or more encoding procedures for a set of information bits. In some examples, the encoding component 930 may be configured with or otherwise support a means for selecting a second encoding rate for a second channel coding scheme based on an effective coding rate and a mutual information polarization function, where the first encoding rate is different from the second encoding rate.

[0282] In some examples, the encoding component 930 may be configured as or otherwise support a means for selecting a first channel coding scheme based on a first coding rate that meets a threshold, hi some examples, the encoding component 930 may be configured as or otherwise support a means for selecting a second channel coding scheme based on a second coding rate that fails to meet a threshold.

[0283] In some examples, the concatenation component 945 may be configured as or otherwise support a means for concatenating one or more sets of polarization bits output after performing a polarization transformation, where the set of output bits includes one or more concatenated sets of polarization bits.

[0284] In some examples, to support partitioning the set of information bits, the bit allocation component 925 may be configured or otherwise support as a means for determining a first amount of information bits to be included in a first subset of bits of the set of subsets based on a total amount of information bits of the set of information bits and an effective coding rate associated with one or more coding procedures for the set of information bits. In some examples, to support partitioning the set of information bits, the bit allocation component 925 may be configured or otherwise support as a means for determining a second amount of information bits to be included in a second subset of bits of the set of subsets based on a total amount of information bits of the set of information bits and an effective coding rate.

[0285] In some examples, the bit allocation component 925 may be configured with or otherwise support a means for determining a first mutual information polarization function for a first polarization level of the plurality of polarization levels based on an effective coding rate and a capacity of the first polarization level, where the first amount of information bits is determined based on the first mutual information polarization function. In some examples, the bit allocation component 925 may be configured with or otherwise support a means for determining a second mutual information polarization function for a second polarization level of the plurality of polarization levels based on the effective coding rate and a capacity of the second polarization level, where the second amount of information bits is determined based on the second mutual information polarization function.

[0286] In some examples, the polarization transformation is based on a polar code and the bit allocation component 925 may be configured or otherwise supported as a means for determining a second amount of information bits based on the first amount of information bits. In some examples, the polarization transformation is based on a polar code and the bit allocation component 925 may be configured or otherwise supported as a means for determining a third amount of information bits to be included in a third subset of the set of subsets based on the total amount of information bits of the set of information bits, the effective coding rate, and the second amount of information bits.

[0287] In some examples, the bit allocation component 925 may be configured as or otherwise support a means for receiving a signal from the second wireless device indicating the total amount of information bits and the effective coding rate of the set of information bits.

[0288] In some examples, the first channel coding scheme and the second channel coding scheme include at least one of an LDPC coding scheme, a Reed-Solomon coding scheme, an FEC coding scheme, a Polar coding scheme, a Reed-Muller coding scheme, a staircase coding scheme, a product coding scheme, a convolutional coding scheme, a turbo coding scheme, or a combination thereof.

[0289] In some examples, to support performing the polarization conversion, the encoding component 930 may be configured with or otherwise support a means for encoding the first subset of bits and the second subset of bits using an inner error correcting code.

[0290] In some examples, to support encoding the first subset of bits and the second subset of bits using an inner error correcting code, the encoding component 930 may be configured as or otherwise support a means for jointly encoding a first bit from the first subset of bits and a second bit from the second subset of bits using a first inner error correcting code. In some examples, to support encoding the first subset of bits and the second subset of bits using an inner error correcting code, the encoding component 930 may be configured as or otherwise support a means for jointly encoding a third bit from the first subset of bits and a fourth bit from the second subset of bits using a second inner error correcting code. In some examples, the inner error correcting code comprises a simplex code.

[0291] FIG. 10 illustrates a diagram of a system 1000 including a device 1005 supporting polarization-adjusted channel coding design for complexity reduction according to one or more aspects of the disclosure. The device 1005 may be an example of or include components of a device 705, a device 805, or a network entity 105 as described herein. The device 1005 may communicate with one or more network entities 105, one or more UEs 115, or any combination thereof, which may include communication via one or more wired interfaces, or via one or more wireless interfaces, or via a combination thereof. The device 1005 may include components that support outputting and obtaining communications, such as a communications manager 1020, a transceiver 1010, an antenna 1015, a memory 1025, code 1030, and a processor 1035. These components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more buses (e.g., bus 1040).

[0292] The transceiver 1010 may support bidirectional communication over a wired link, a wireless link, or both, as described herein. In some examples, the transceiver 1010 may include a wired transceiver and may bidirectionally communicate with another wired transceiver. Additionally or alternatively, in some examples, the transceiver 1010 may include a wireless transceiver and may bidirectionally communicate with another transceiver 1010. In some examples, the device 1005 may include one or more antennas 1015 that may be capable of transmitting or receiving (e.g., simultaneously) wireless transmissions. The transceiver 1010 may also include a modem for modulating a signal, providing the modulated signal for transmission (e.g., by one or more antennas 1015 or by a wired transmitter), receiving the modulated signal (e.g., from one or more antennas 1015 or from a wired receiver), and demodulating the signal. The transceiver 1010, or the transceiver 1010 and one or more antennas 1015, or the wired interface, may be an example of a transmitter 715, a transmitter 815, a receiver 710, a receiver 810, or any combination or component thereof, as described herein, where applicable. In some examples, the transceiver may be operable to support communication over one or more communication links (e.g., communication link 125, backhaul communication link 120, midhaul communication link 162, fronthaul communication link 168).

[0293] The memory 1025 may include RAM and ROM. The memory 1025 may store computer readable computer executable code 1030 that includes instructions that, when executed by the processor 1035, cause the device 1005 to perform various functions described herein. The code 1030 may be stored in a non-transitory computer readable medium, such as a system memory or another type of memory. In some cases, the code 1030 may not be directly executable by the processor 1035, but may cause the computer to perform (e.g., when compiled or executed) the functions described herein. In some cases, the memory 1025 may include a BIOS that may control basic hardware or software operations, such as interaction with peripheral components or devices, among other things.

[0294] The processor 1035 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general-purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, a CPU, an FPGA, a microcontroller, a programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof). In some cases, the processor 1035 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other cases, the memory controller may be integrated into the processor 1035. The processor 1035 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., memory 1025) to cause the device 1005 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting polarization-adjusted channel coding design for complexity reduction). For example, the device 1005 or a component of the device 1005 may include a processor 1035 and a memory 1025 coupled to the processor 1035, where the processor 1035 and the memory 1025 are configured to perform various functions described herein. The processor 1035 may be an example of a cloud computing platform (e.g., one or more physical nodes and supporting software such as operating systems, virtual machines, or container instances) that may host functionality to perform functions of the device 1005 (e.g., by executing code 1030).

[0295] In some examples, the bus 1040 may support communications associated with (e.g., within) a protocol layer of a protocol stack. In some examples, the bus 1040 may support communications associated with logical channels of a protocol stack (e.g., between protocol layers of a protocol stack), which may include communications performed within a component of the device 1005 or between different components of the device 1005 that may be collocated or located in different locations (e.g., the device 1005 may refer to a system in which one or more of the communications manager 1020, the transceiver 1010, the memory 1025, the code 1030, and the processor 1035 may be located in one of the different components or split among different components).

[0296] In some examples, the communications manager 1020 may manage aspects of communications with the core network 130 (e.g., over one or more wired or wireless backhaul links). For example, the communications manager 1020 may manage forwarding of data communications for client devices, such as one or more UEs 115. In some examples, the communications manager 1020 may manage communications with other network entities 105 and may include a controller or scheduler for controlling communications with the UEs 115 in cooperation with the other network entities 105. In some examples, the communications manager 1020 may support an X2 interface in LTE / LTE-A wireless communications network technologies to provide communications between the network entities 105.

[0297] The communications manager 1020 may support wireless communications in a first wireless device according to examples disclosed herein. For example, the communications manager 1020 may be configured as or otherwise support a means for dividing a set of information bits into a set of multiple subsets of bits corresponding to multiple polarization levels. The communications manager 1020 may be configured as or otherwise support a means for encoding a first subset of bits of the set of multiple subsets for a first polarization level of the multiple polarization levels according to a first channel coding scheme. The communications manager 1020 may be configured as or otherwise support a means for encoding a second subset of bits of the set of multiple subsets for a second polarization level of the multiple polarization levels according to a second channel coding scheme. The communications manager 1020 may be configured as or otherwise support a means for performing a polarization transformation using the encoded first subset of bits for the first polarization level and the encoded second subset of bits for the second polarization level to obtain a set of output bits corresponding to the set of information bits. Communications manager 1020 may be configured with or otherwise support a means for transmitting the set of output bits to a second wireless device.

[0298] By including or configuring a communications manager 1020 according to examples described herein, the device 1005 may support techniques for reducing the complexity in a channel coding scheme. For example, the device 705 may combine a polarization technique (e.g., a polarization transformation) with a channel coding scheme and coding rate associated with reduced complexity such that the device 705 may transmit coded bits without reducing the likelihood that a receiving device will successfully receive the coded bits. Additionally, reducing the complexity of the channel coding scheme may provide reduced latency and reduced processing without adversely affecting performance and may support improved utilization of processing power and communication resources.

[0299] In some examples, the communications manager 1020 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receive, acquire, monitor, output, transmit) using or otherwise in cooperation with the transceiver 1010, one or more antennas 1015 (e.g., if applicable), or any combination thereof. Although the communications manager 1020 is shown as a separate component, in some examples, one or more functions described with reference to the communications manager 1020 may be supported or performed by the processor 1035, the memory 1025, the code 1030, the transceiver 1010, or any combination thereof. For example, the code 1030 may include instructions executable by the processor 1035 to cause the device 1005 to perform various aspects of the polarization adjusted channel coding design for complexity reduction as described herein, or the processor 1035 and the memory 1025 may be otherwise configured to perform or support such operations.

[0300] 11 illustrates a block diagram 1100 of a device 1105 supporting polarization-adjusted channel coding design for complexity reduction in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 1105 may be an example of an aspect of a UE 115 as described herein. The device 1105 may include a receiver 1110, a transmitter 1115, and a communications manager 1120. The device 1105 may also include a processor. Each of these components may be in communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0301] The receiver 1110 may provide a means for receiving information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various traffic channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, traffic channels associated with a polarization-adjusted channel coding design for complexity reduction). The information may be passed to other components of the device 1105. The receiver 1110 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.

[0302] The transmitter 1115 may provide a means for transmitting signals generated by other components of the device 1105. For example, the transmitter 1115 may transmit information such as packets associated with various traffic channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, traffic channels associated with a polarization-adjusted channel coding design for complexity reduction), user data, control information, or any combination thereof. In some examples, the transmitter 1115 may be collocated with the receiver 1110 within the transceiver module. The transmitter 1115 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.

[0303] The communications manager 1120, the receiver 1110, the transmitter 1115, or various combinations or components thereof may be examples of means for performing various aspects of the polarization-adjusted channel coding design for complexity reduction as described herein. For example, the communications manager 1120, the receiver 1110, the transmitter 1115, or various combinations or components thereof may support a method for performing one or more of the functions described herein.

[0304] In some examples, the communications manager 1120, the receiver 1110, the transmitter 1115, or various combinations or components thereof, may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in a communications management circuit). The hardware may include a processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), a central processing unit (CPU), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic device, a microcontroller, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof, configured as or otherwise supporting a means for performing the functions described in this disclosure. In some examples, the communications manager 1120 may comprise a general-purpose processor, a modem processor, a DSP, or other dedicated hardware, or a combination thereof. In some examples, the processor and a memory coupled to the processor may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., by the processor executing instructions stored in the memory).

[0305] Additionally or alternatively, in some embodiments, the communications manager 1120, the receiver 1110, the transmitter 1115, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in code executed by a processor (e.g., as communications management software or firmware). If implemented in code executed by a processor, the functions of the communications manager 1120, the receiver 1110, the transmitter 1115, or various combinations or components thereof may be performed by a general-purpose processor (e.g., configured as or otherwise supporting a means for performing the functions described in this disclosure), a DSP, a CPU, an ASIC, an FPGA, a microcontroller, or any combination of these or other programmable logic devices.

[0306] In some examples, the communications manager 1120 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, monitoring, transmitting) using or otherwise cooperating with the receiver 1110, the transmitter 1115, or both. For example, the communications manager 1120 may receive information from the receiver 1110, transmit information to the transmitter 1115, or may be integrated in combination with the receiver 1110, the transmitter 1115, or both, or may receive information, transmit information, or perform various other operations described herein.

[0307] The communications manager 1120 may support wireless communications in a first wireless device according to examples as disclosed herein. For example, the communications manager 1120 may be configured as or otherwise support a means for receiving an encoded set of bits corresponding to a set of information bits. The communications manager 1120 may be configured as or otherwise support a means for performing a depolarization transformation using the encoded set of bits to obtain a set of a plurality of subsets of bits corresponding to a plurality of polarization levels, the set of a plurality of subsets of bits including at least a first subset of bits and a second subset of bits. The communications manager 1120 may be configured as or otherwise support a means for decoding a first subset of bits of the set of a plurality of subsets for a first polarization level of the plurality of polarization levels according to a first channel decoding scheme. The communications manager 1120 may be configured as or otherwise support a means for decoding a second subset of bits of the set of a plurality of subsets for a second polarization level of the plurality of polarization levels according to a second channel decoding scheme. The communications manager 1120 may be configured with or otherwise support a means for processing the decoded first subset of bits and the decoded second subset of bits to obtain a set of decoded bits that corresponds to the set of information bits.

[0308] By including or configuring a communications manager 1120 according to examples as described herein, the device 1105 (e.g., a processor controlling or otherwise coupled to the receiver 1110, the transmitter 1115, the communications manager 1120, or a combination thereof) may support techniques for reducing the complexity of a channel coding scheme. For example, the device 1105 may combine a polarization technique (e.g., a polarization transform) with a channel decoding scheme and coding rate associated with reduced complexity such that the device 1105 may receive and decode the coded bits without sacrificing performance. Additionally, reducing the complexity of the channel coding scheme may correspond to reduced processing, reduced system latency, and improved efficiency.

[0309] 12 illustrates a block diagram 1200 of a device 1205 supporting polarization-adjusted channel coding design for complexity reduction in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 1205 may be an example of an aspect of a device 1105 or a UE 115 described herein. The device 1205 may include a receiver 1210, a transmitter 1215, and a communications manager 1220. The device 1205 may also include a processor. Each of these components may be in communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0310] The receiver 1210 may provide a means for receiving information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various traffic channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, traffic channels associated with a polarization-adjusted channel coding design for complexity reduction). The information may be passed to other components of the device 1205. The receiver 1210 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.

[0311] The transmitter 1215 may provide a means for transmitting signals generated by other components of the device 1205. For example, the transmitter 1215 may transmit information such as packets associated with various traffic channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, traffic channels associated with a polarization-adjusted channel coding design for complexity reduction), user data, control information, or any combination thereof. In some examples, the transmitter 1215 may be collocated with the receiver 1210 within the transceiver module. The transmitter 1215 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.

[0312] The device 1205, or various components thereof, may be examples of means for performing various aspects of the polarization-adjusted channel coding design for complexity reduction as described herein. For example, the communications manager 1220 may include a coded bit receiver 1225, a depolarization conversion component 1230, a decoding component 1235, a decoded bit processing component 1240, or any combination thereof. The communications manager 1220 may be an example of an aspect of the communications manager 1120 described herein. In some examples, the communications manager 1220, or various components thereof, may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, monitoring, transmitting) using or otherwise cooperating with the receiver 1210, the transmitter 1215, or both. For example, the communications manager 1220 may receive information from the receiver 1210, transmit information to the transmitter 1215, or be integrated in combination with the receiver 1210, the transmitter 1215, or both to obtain information, output information, or perform various other operations as described in this disclosure.

[0313] The communications manager 1220 may support wireless communications in a first wireless device according to examples as disclosed herein. The coded bit receiver 1225 may be configured as or otherwise support a means for receiving a coded set of bits corresponding to a set of information bits. The depolarization transform component 1230 may be configured as or otherwise support a means for performing a depolarization transform using the coded set of bits to obtain a set of a plurality of subsets of bits corresponding to a plurality of polarization levels, the set of a plurality of subsets of bits including at least a first subset of bits and a second subset of bits. The decoding component 1235 may be configured as or otherwise support a means for decoding a first subset of bits of the set of a plurality of subsets for a first polarization level of the plurality of polarization levels according to a first channel decoding scheme. The decoding component 1235 may be configured as or otherwise support a means for decoding a second subset of bits of the set of a plurality of subsets for a second polarization level of the plurality of polarization levels according to a second channel decoding scheme. The decoded bit processing component 1240 may be configured with or otherwise support a means for processing the decoded first subset of bits and the decoded second subset of bits to obtain a set of decoded bits that correspond to the set of information bits.

[0314] 13 illustrates a block diagram 1300 of a communications manager 1320 supporting a polarization adjusted channel coding design for reduced complexity according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The communications manager 1320 may be an example of aspects of the communications manager 1120, the communications manager 1220, or both described herein. The communications manager 1320, or various components thereof, may be examples of means for performing various aspects of a polarization adjusted channel coding design for reduced complexity as described herein. For example, the communications manager 1320 may include a coded bit receiver 1325, a depolarization conversion component 1330, a decoding component 1335, a decoded bit processing component 1340, a coding level component 1345, a CRC component 1350, or any combination thereof. Each of these components may communicate directly or indirectly with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0315] The communications manager 1320 may support wireless communications in a first wireless device according to examples as disclosed herein. The coded bit receiver 1325 may be configured as or otherwise support a means for receiving a coded set of bits corresponding to a set of information bits. The depolarization transform component 1330 may be configured as or otherwise support a means for performing a depolarization transform using the coded set of bits to obtain a set of a plurality of subsets of bits corresponding to a plurality of polarization levels, the set of a plurality of subsets of bits including at least a first subset of bits and a second subset of bits. The decoding component 1335 may be configured as or otherwise support a means for decoding a first subset of bits of the set of a plurality of subsets for a first polarization level of the plurality of polarization levels according to a first channel decoding scheme. In some examples, the decoding component 1335 may be configured as or otherwise support a means for decoding a second subset of bits of the set of a plurality of subsets for a second polarization level of the plurality of polarization levels according to a second channel decoding scheme. The decoded bit processing component 1340 may be configured with or otherwise support a means for processing the decoded first subset of bits and the decoded second subset of bits to obtain a set of decoded bits that correspond to the set of information bits.

[0316] In some examples, the decoding component 1335 may be configured with or otherwise support a means for decoding a third subset of bits of the set of multiple subsets together with a second subset of bits for a third polarization level of the multiple polarization levels in accordance with a second channel decoding scheme.

[0317] In some examples, the set of the multiple subsets of bits is based on an amount of coding levels associated with one or more decoding procedures for the set of information bits. In some examples, the amount of the set of the multiple subsets of bits is equal to the amount of coding levels.

[0318] In some examples, to support performing a depolarization transformation, the depolarization transformation component 1330 may be configured as or otherwise support a means for performing a depolarization transformation on a set of multiple coded subsets of bits corresponding to a set of multiple channels based on an amount of polarization levels for the depolarization transformation, where the amount of the set of multiple coded subsets of bits is equal to the amount of polarization levels for the depolarization transformation.

[0319] In some examples, the coding level component 1345 may be configured with or otherwise support a means for determining a first subset of coding levels associated with a first channel decoding scheme. In some examples, the coding level component 1345 may be configured with or otherwise support a means for determining a second subset of coding levels associated with a second channel decoding scheme, where the first subset of bits and the second subset of bits are decoded based on the first subset of coding levels and the second subset of coding levels.

[0320] In some examples, a first subset of the coding levels is associated with a first channel decoding scheme based on a channel reliability of the first polarization level, and in some examples, a second subset of the coding levels is associated with a second channel decoding scheme based on a channel reliability of the second polarization level.

[0321] In some examples, the first channel decoding scheme is different from the second channel decoding scheme. In some examples, the first channel decoding scheme includes an LDPC coding scheme.

[0322] In some examples, the CRC component 1350 may be configured with or otherwise support a means for performing a first CRC procedure using a first subset of bits, hi some examples, the CRC component 1350 may be configured with or otherwise support a means for performing a second CRC procedure using a second subset of bits.

[0323] In some examples, the decoding component 1335 may be configured with or otherwise support a means for selecting a first coding rate for a first channel decoding scheme based on an effective coding rate and a mutual information polarization function associated with one or more encoding procedures for a set of information bits. In some examples, the decoding component 1335 may be configured with or otherwise support a means for selecting a second coding rate for a second channel decoding scheme based on an effective coding rate and a mutual information polarization function, where the first coding rate is different from the second coding rate.

[0324] In some examples, the decoding component 1335 may be configured as or otherwise support a means for selecting a first channel decoding scheme based on a first encoding rate that meets a threshold. In some examples, the decoding component 1335 may be configured as or otherwise support a means for selecting a second channel decoding scheme based on a second encoding rate that fails to meet a threshold.

[0325] In some examples, the decoded bit processing component 1340 may be configured with or otherwise support a means for concatenating one or more sets of decoded bits including at least a decoded first subset of bits and a decoded second subset of bits, where the set of decoded bits includes the concatenated one or more subsets of decoded bits.

[0326] In some examples, to support performing the depolarization transformation, the depolarization transformation component 1330 may be configured as or otherwise support a means for determining a first amount of information bits included in a first subset of bits of the set of subsets based on a total amount of information bits of the set of information bits and an effective coding rate associated with one or more decoding procedures for the set of information bits. In some examples, to support performing the depolarization transformation, the depolarization transformation component 1330 may be configured as or otherwise support a means for determining a second amount of information bits included in a second subset of bits of the set of subsets based on a total amount of information bits of the set of information bits and an effective coding rate.

[0327] In some examples, the depolarization transform component 1330 may be configured with or otherwise support a means for determining a first mutual information polarization function for a first polarization level of the plurality of polarization levels based on an effective coding rate and a capacity of the first polarization level, where the first amount of information bits is determined based on the first mutual information polarization function. In some examples, the depolarization transform component 1330 may be configured with or otherwise support a means for determining a second mutual information polarization function for a second polarization level of the plurality of polarization levels based on an effective coding rate and a capacity of the second polarization level, where the second amount of information bits is determined based on the second mutual information polarization function.

[0328] In some examples, the depolarization transformation is based on a polar code and the depolarization transformation component 1330 may be configured or otherwise support a means for determining a second amount of information bits based on the first amount of information bits. In some examples, the depolarization transformation is based on a polar code and the depolarization transformation component 1330 may be configured or otherwise support a means for determining a third amount of information bits included in a third subset of the set of subsets based on the total amount of information bits of the set of information bits, the effective coding rate, and the second amount of information bits.

[0329] In some examples, the depolarization conversion component 1330 may be configured as or otherwise support a means for receiving a signal indicative of the total amount of information bits and the effective coding rate of the set of information bits.

[0330] In some examples, the first channel decoding scheme and the second channel decoding scheme include at least one of an LDPC coding scheme, a Reed-Solomon coding scheme, an FEC coding scheme, a Polar coding scheme, a Reed-Muller coding scheme, a staircase coding scheme, a product coding scheme, a convolutional coding scheme, a turbo coding scheme, or a combination thereof.

[0331] In some examples, to support performing the depolarization transformation, the depolarization transformation component 1330 may be configured with or otherwise support a means for decoding the first subset of bits and the second subset of bits using an inner error correcting code.

[0332] In some examples, to support decoding the first subset of bits and the second subset of bits using an inner error correcting code, the depolarization transform component 1330 may be configured as or otherwise support a means for jointly decoding a first bit from the first subset of bits and a second bit from the second subset of bits using a first inner error correcting code. In some examples, to support decoding the first subset of bits and the second subset of bits using an inner error correcting code, the depolarization transform component 1330 may be configured as or otherwise support a means for jointly decoding a third bit from the first subset of bits and a fourth bit from the second subset of bits using a second inner error correcting code. In some examples, the inner error correcting code comprises a simplex code.

[0333] 14 illustrates a diagram of a system 1400 including a device 1405 supporting polarization-adjusted channel coding design for complexity reduction according to one or more aspects of the disclosure. The device 1405 may be an example of or include components of a device 1105, a device 1205, or a UE 115 as described herein. The device 1405 may communicate (e.g., wirelessly) with one or more network entities 105, one or more UEs 115, or any combination thereof. The device 1405 may include components for two-way voice and data communication, including components for transmitting and receiving communications, such as a communications manager 1420, an input / output (I / O) controller 1410, a transceiver 1415, an antenna 1425, a memory 1430, code 1435, and a processor 1440. These components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more buses (e.g., bus 1445).

[0334] The I / O controller 1410 may manage input and output signals for the device 1405. The I / O controller 1410 may also manage peripherals that are not integrated into the device 1405. In some cases, the I / O controller 1410 may represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral. In some cases, the I / O controller 1410 may utilize an operating system such as iOS®, ANDROID®, MS-DOS®, MS-WINDOWS®, OS / 2®, UNIX®, LINUX®, or other known operating systems. Additionally or alternatively, the I / O controller 1410 may represent or interact with a modem, keyboard, mouse, touch screen, or similar device. In some cases, the I / O controller 1410 may be implemented as part of a processor, such as the processor 1440. In some cases, a user may interact with the device 1405 through the I / O controller 1410 or through a hardware component controlled by the I / O controller 1410.

[0335] In some cases, the device 1405 may include a single antenna 1425. However, in some other cases, the device 1405 may have two or more antennas 1425 that may be capable of simultaneously transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions. The transceiver 1415 may communicate bidirectionally via one or more antennas 1425, wired or wireless links, as described herein. For example, the transceiver 1415 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bidirectionally with another wireless transceiver. The transceiver 1415 may also include a modem for modulating packets, providing received packets to one or more antennas 1425 for transmission, and demodulating received packets from the one or more antennas 1425. The transceiver 1415, or the transceiver 1415 and one or more antennas 1425, may be an example of the transmitter 1115, the transmitter 1215, the receiver 1110, the receiver 1210, or any combination or component thereof, as described herein.

[0336] The memory 1430 may include random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM). The memory 1430 may store computer-readable computer-executable code 1435, which includes instructions that, when executed by the processor 1440, cause the device 1405 to perform various functions described herein. The code 1435 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium, such as a system memory or another type of memory. In some cases, the code 1435 may not be directly executable by the processor 1440, but may cause a computer to perform (e.g., when compiled or executed) the functions described herein. In some cases, the memory 1430 may include a basic input / output system (BIOS), which may control basic hardware or software operations, such as interaction with peripheral components or devices, among other things.

[0337] The processor 1440 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, a microcontroller, an ASIC, an FPGA, a programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic component, a discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof). In some cases, the processor 1440 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other cases, the memory controller may be integrated into the processor 1440. The processor 1440 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., memory 1430) to cause the device 1405 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting polarization-adjusted channel coding design for complexity reduction). For example, the device 1405 or a component of the device 1405 may include a processor 1440 and a memory 1430 coupled to the processor 1440, where the processor 1440 and the memory 1430 are configured to perform various functions described herein.

[0338] The communications manager 1420 may support wireless communications in a first wireless device according to examples as disclosed herein. For example, the communications manager 1420 may be configured as or otherwise support a means for receiving an encoded set of bits corresponding to a set of information bits. The communications manager 1420 may be configured as or otherwise support a means for performing a depolarization transformation using the encoded set of bits to obtain a set of a plurality of subsets of bits corresponding to a plurality of polarization levels, the set of a plurality of subsets of bits including at least a first subset of bits and a second subset of bits. The communications manager 1420 may be configured as or otherwise support a means for decoding a first subset of bits of the set of a plurality of subsets for a first polarization level of the plurality of polarization levels according to a first channel decoding scheme. The communications manager 1420 may be configured as or otherwise support a means for decoding a second subset of bits of the set of a plurality of subsets for a second polarization level of the plurality of polarization levels according to a second channel decoding scheme. The communications manager 1420 may be configured with or otherwise support a means for processing the decoded first subset of bits and the decoded second subset of bits to obtain a set of decoded bits that corresponds to the set of information bits.

[0339] By including or configuring the communications manager 1420 according to examples described herein, the device 1405 may support techniques for reducing the complexity in a channel coding scheme. For example, the device 1405 may combine a polarization technique (e.g., a polarization transformation) with a channel decoding scheme and coding rate associated with reduced complexity such that the device 1405 may successfully receive and decode a set of coded bits. Additionally, reducing the complexity of the channel coding scheme may provide reduced latency and reduced processing without adversely affecting performance and may support improved utilization of processing power and communication resources.

[0340] In some examples, the communications manager 1420 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receive, monitor, transmit) using or otherwise in cooperation with the transceiver 1415, one or more antennas 1425, or any combination thereof. Although the communications manager 1420 is shown as a separate component, in some examples, one or more functions described with reference to the communications manager 1420 may be supported or performed by the processor 1440, the memory 1430, the code 1435, or any combination thereof. For example, the code 1435 may include instructions executable by the processor 1440 to cause the device 1405 to perform various aspects of the polarization adjusted channel coding design for complexity reduction as described herein, or the processor 1440 and the memory 1430 may be otherwise configured to perform or support such operations.

[0341] FIG. 15 illustrates a flowchart illustrating a method 1500 for supporting polarization-adjusted channel coding design for complexity reduction according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of method 1500 may be implemented by a network entity or components thereof as described herein. For example, the operations of method 1500 may be performed by a network entity as described with reference to FIGS. 1 through 10. In some examples, the network entity may execute a set of instructions to control functional elements of the network entity to perform the described functions. Additionally or alternatively, the network entity may perform aspects of the described functions using dedicated hardware.

[0342] At 1505, the method may include dividing the set of information bits into a set of multiple subsets of bits corresponding to multiple polarization levels. The operations of 1505 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1505 may be performed by a bit allocation component 925 as described with reference to FIG.

[0343] At 1510, the method may include encoding a first subset of bits of the set of subsets for a first polarization level of the plurality of polarization levels according to a first channel coding scheme. The operations of 1510 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1510 may be performed by encoding component 930 as described with reference to FIG.

[0344] At 1515, the method may include encoding a second subset of bits of the set of the plurality of subsets for a second polarization level of the plurality of polarization levels according to a second channel coding scheme. The operations of 1515 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1515 may be performed by encoding component 930 as described with reference to FIG.

[0345] At 1520, the method may include performing a polarization transformation using the encoded first subset of bits for the first polarization level and the encoded second subset of bits for the second polarization level to obtain a set of output bits corresponding to the set of information bits. The operations of 1520 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1520 may be performed by a polarization transformation component 935 as described with reference to FIG.

[0346] At 1525, the method may include transmitting the set of output bits to the second wireless device. The operations of 1525 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1525 may be performed by an output bit transmitter 940 as described with reference to FIG.

[0347] FIG. 16 illustrates a flowchart illustrating a method 1600 for supporting polarization-adjusted channel coding design for complexity reduction according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of method 1600 may be implemented by a network entity or components thereof as described herein. For example, the operations of method 1600 may be performed by a network entity as described with reference to FIGS. 1 through 10. In some examples, the network entity may execute a set of instructions to control functional elements of the network entity to perform the described functions. Additionally or alternatively, the network entity may perform aspects of the described functions using dedicated hardware.

[0348] At 1605, the method may include dividing the set of information bits into a set of multiple subsets of bits corresponding to multiple polarization levels. The operations of 1605 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1605 may be performed by a bit allocation component 925 as described with reference to FIG.

[0349] At 1610, the method may include determining a first amount of information bits to be included in a first subset of bits of the set of subsets based on a total amount of information bits of the set of information bits and an effective coding rate associated with one or more coding procedures for the set of information bits. The operations of 1610 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1610 may be performed by a bit allocation component 925 as described with reference to FIG.

[0350] At 1615, the method may include determining a second amount of information bits to be included in a second subset of bits of the set of subsets based on the total amount of information bits of the set of information bits and the effective coding rate. The operations of 1615 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1615 may be performed by a bit allocation component 925 as described with reference to FIG.

[0351] At 1620, the method may include encoding a first subset of bits of the set of subsets for a first polarization level of the plurality of polarization levels according to a first channel coding scheme. The operations of 1620 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1620 may be performed by encoding component 930 as described with reference to FIG.

[0352] At 1625, the method may include encoding a second subset of bits of the set of the plurality of subsets for a second polarization level of the plurality of polarization levels according to a second channel coding scheme. The operations of 1625 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1625 may be performed by encoding component 930 as described with reference to FIG.

[0353] At 1630, the method may include performing a polarization transformation using the encoded first subset of bits for the first polarization level and the encoded second subset of bits for the second polarization level to obtain a set of output bits corresponding to the set of information bits. The operations of 1630 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1630 may be performed by a polarization transformation component 935 as described with reference to FIG.

[0354] At 1635, the method may include concatenating one or more sets of polarization bits output after performing the polarization transformation, where the set of output bits includes the concatenated one or more sets of polarization bits. The operations of 1635 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1635 may be performed by a concatenation component 945 as described with reference to FIG.

[0355] At 1640, the method may include transmitting the set of output bits to the second wireless device. The operations of 1640 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1640 may be performed by an output bit transmitter 940 as described with reference to FIG.

[0356] FIG. 17 illustrates a flowchart illustrating a method 1700 for supporting polarization-adjusted channel coding design for complexity reduction according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1700 may be performed by a UE or components thereof as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1700 may be performed by the UE 115 as described with reference to FIGS. 1-6 and 11-14. In some examples, the UE may execute a set of instructions to control functional elements of the UE to perform the described functions. Additionally or alternatively, the UE may perform aspects of the described functions using dedicated hardware.

[0357] At 1705, the method may include receiving a coded set of bits corresponding to the set of information bits. The operations of 1705 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1705 may be performed by coded bit receiver 1325 as described with reference to FIG.

[0358] At 1710, the method may include performing a depolarization transformation using the encoded set of bits to obtain a set of multiple subsets of bits corresponding to multiple polarization levels, the set of multiple subsets of bits including at least a first subset of bits and a second subset of bits. The operations of 1710 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1710 may be performed by a depolarization transformation component 1330 as described with reference to FIG.

[0359] At 1715, the method may include decoding a first subset of bits of the set of subsets for a first polarization level of the plurality of polarization levels according to a first channel decoding scheme. The operations of 1715 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1715 may be performed by the decoding component 1335 as described with reference to FIG.

[0360] At 1720, the method may include decoding a second subset of bits of the set of the plurality of subsets for a second polarization level of the plurality of polarization levels according to a second channel decoding scheme. The operations of 1720 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1720 may be performed by the decoding component 1335 as described with reference to FIG.

[0361] At 1725, the method may include processing the decoded first subset of bits and the decoded second subset of bits to obtain a set of decoded bits corresponding to the set of information bits. The operations of 1725 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1725 may be performed by decoded bit processing component 1340 as described with reference to FIG.

[0362] FIG. 18 illustrates a flowchart illustrating a method 1800 for supporting polarization-adjusted channel coding design for complexity reduction according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1800 may be performed by a UE or components thereof as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1800 may be performed by the UE 115 as described with reference to FIGS. 1-6 and 11-14. In some examples, the UE may execute a set of instructions to control functional elements of the UE to perform the described functions. Additionally or alternatively, the UE may perform aspects of the described functions using dedicated hardware.

[0363] At 1805, the method may include receiving a coded set of bits corresponding to the set of information bits. The operations of 1805 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1805 may be performed by a coded bit receiver 1325 as described with reference to FIG.

[0364] At 1810, the method may include performing a depolarization transformation using the encoded set of bits to obtain a set of multiple subsets of bits corresponding to multiple polarization levels, the set of multiple subsets of bits including at least a first subset of bits and a second subset of bits. The operations of 1810 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1810 may be performed by a depolarization transformation component 1330 as described with reference to FIG.

[0365] At 1815, the method may include selecting a first coding rate for the first channel decoding scheme based on an effective coding rate and a mutual information polarization function associated with the one or more encoding procedures for the set of information bits. The operations of 1815 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1815 may be performed by the decoding component 1335 as described with reference to FIG.

[0366] At 1820, the method may include decoding a first subset of bits of the set of the plurality of subsets for a first polarization level of the plurality of polarization levels according to a first channel decoding scheme. The operations of 1820 may be performed according to examples disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1820 may be performed by the decoding component 1335 as described with reference to FIG.

[0367] At 1825, the method may include selecting a second coding rate for a second channel decoding scheme based on the effective coding rate and the mutual information polarization function, where the first coding rate is different from the second coding rate. The operations of 1825 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1825 may be performed by the decoding component 1335 as described with reference to FIG.

[0368] At 1830, the method may include decoding a second subset of bits of the set of the plurality of subsets for a second polarization level of the plurality of polarization levels according to a second channel decoding scheme. The operations of 1830 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1830 may be performed by the decoding component 1335 as described with reference to FIG.

[0369] At 1835, the method may include processing the decoded first subset of bits and the decoded second subset of bits to obtain a set of decoded bits corresponding to the set of information bits. The operations of 1835 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1835 may be performed by decoded bit processing component 1340 as described with reference to FIG.

[0370] The following provides a summary of aspects of the disclosure.

[0371] Aspect 1: A method for wireless communication in a first wireless device, the method including: dividing a set of information bits into multiple subsets of bits corresponding to multiple polarization levels; encoding a first subset of bits of the multiple subsets for a first polarization level of the multiple polarization levels according to a first channel coding scheme; encoding a second subset of bits of the multiple subsets for a second polarization level of the multiple polarization levels according to a second channel coding scheme; performing a polarization transformation using the encoded first subset of bits of the first polarization level and the encoded second subset of bits of the second polarization level to obtain a set of output bits corresponding to the set of information bits; and transmitting the set of output bits to a second wireless device.

[0372] Aspect 2: The method of aspect 1, further comprising: encoding a third subset of bits of the plurality of subsets together with a second subset of bits for a third polarization level of the plurality of polarization levels according to a second channel coding scheme, wherein the polarization conversion is performed using the encoded first subset of bits of the first polarization level, the encoded second subset of bits of the second polarization level, and the encoded third subset of bits of the third polarization level.

[0373] Aspect 3: A method according to any one of aspects 1 to 2, wherein dividing the set of information bits includes dividing the set of information bits into a plurality of subsets of bits based at least in part on an amount of encoding levels associated with one or more encoding procedures for the set of information bits, wherein the amount of the plurality of subsets of bits is equal to the amount of encoding levels.

[0374] Aspect 4: The method of aspect 3, wherein performing the polarization conversion includes performing the polarization conversion on multiple coded subsets of bits corresponding to multiple channels based at least in part on an amount of polarization levels for the polarization conversion, wherein the amount of the multiple coded subsets of bits is equal to the amount of polarization levels for the polarization conversion.

[0375] Aspect 5: The method of any one of aspects 3 to 4, further comprising: determining a first subset of coding levels associated with a first channel coding scheme; and determining a second subset of coding levels associated with a second channel coding scheme, wherein the first subset of bits and the second subset of bits are coded based at least in part on the first subset of coding levels and the second subset of coding levels.

[0376] Aspect 6: The method of aspect 5, wherein a first subset of the encoding levels is associated with a first channel coding scheme based at least in part on the channel reliability of the first polarization level, and a second subset of the encoding levels is associated with a second channel coding scheme based at least in part on the channel reliability of the second polarization level.

[0377] Aspect 7: The method of aspect 6, wherein the first channel coding scheme is different from the second channel coding scheme.

[0378] Aspect 8: The method of aspect 7, wherein the first channel coding scheme includes an LDPC coding scheme.

[0379] Aspect 9: The method of any one of aspects 3 to 8, further comprising: performing a first CRC procedure using a first subset of bits; and performing a second CRC procedure using a second subset of bits.

[0380] Aspect 10: The method of any one of aspects 1 to 9, further comprising: selecting a first coding rate for a first channel coding scheme based at least in part on an effective coding rate and a mutual information polarization function associated with one or more coding procedures for a set of information bits; and selecting a second coding rate for a second channel coding scheme based at least in part on the effective coding rate and the mutual information polarization function, wherein the first coding rate is different from the second coding rate.

[0381] Aspect 11: The method of aspect 10, further comprising: selecting a first channel coding scheme based at least in part on a first encoding rate that meets a threshold; and selecting a second channel coding scheme based at least in part on a second encoding rate that fails to meet the threshold.

[0382] Aspect 12: A method according to any one of aspects 1 to 11, further comprising concatenating one or more sets of polarization bits output after performing a polarization conversion, wherein the set of output bits comprises one or more concatenated sets of polarization bits.

[0383] Aspect 13: The method of any one of aspects 1 to 12, wherein partitioning the set of information bits further includes determining a first amount of information bits to be included in a first subset of bits of the plurality of subsets based at least in part on a total amount of information bits of the set of information bits and an effective coding rate associated with one or more coding procedures for the set of information bits, and determining a second amount of information bits to be included in a second subset of bits of the plurality of subsets based at least in part on the total amount of information bits of the set of information bits and the effective coding rate.

[0384] Aspect 14: The method of aspect 13, further comprising: determining a first mutual information polarization function for a first polarization level of the plurality of polarization levels based at least in part on the effective encoding rate and a capacity of the first polarization level, wherein a first amount of information bits is determined at least in part based on the first mutual information polarization function; and determining a second mutual information polarization function for a second polarization level of the plurality of polarization levels based at least in part on the effective encoding rate and a capacity of the second polarization level, wherein the second amount of information bits is determined at least in part based on the second mutual information polarization function.

[0385] Aspect 15: A method according to any one of aspects 13 to 14, wherein the polarization conversion is based at least in part on a polar code, and the method further includes determining a second amount of information bits based at least in part on the first amount of information bits, and determining a third amount of information bits to be included in a third subset of the plurality of subsets based at least in part on the total amount of information bits of the set of information bits, the effective coding rate, and the second amount of information bits.

[0386] Aspect 16: The method of any one of aspects 13 to 15, further comprising receiving a signal from the second wireless device indicating a total amount of information bits and an effective coding rate of the set of information bits.

[0387] Aspect 17: The method of any one of aspects 1 to 7 and 9 to 16, wherein the first channel coding scheme and the second channel coding scheme include at least one of an LDPC coding scheme, a Reed-Solomon coding scheme, an FEC coding scheme, a Polar coding scheme, a Reed-Muller coding scheme, a staircase coding scheme, a product coding scheme, a convolutional coding scheme, a turbo coding scheme, or a combination thereof.

[0388] Aspect 18: The method of any one of aspects 1 to 17, wherein performing the polarization transformation includes encoding the first subset of bits and the second subset of bits using an inner error correcting code.

[0389] Aspect 19: The method of aspect 18, wherein encoding the first subset of bits and the second subset of bits using an inner error correcting code further includes jointly encoding a first bit from the first subset of bits and a second bit from the second subset of bits using a first inner error correcting code, and jointly encoding a third bit from the first subset of bits and a fourth bit from the second subset of bits using a second inner error correcting code.

[0390] Aspect 20: The method of any one of aspects 18 to 19, wherein the inner error correcting code comprises a simplex code.

[0391] Aspect 21: A method for wireless communication in a first wireless device, the method including: receiving an encoded set of bits corresponding to a set of information bits; performing a depolarization transformation using the encoded set of bits to obtain a set of a plurality of subsets of bits corresponding to a plurality of polarization levels, the plurality of subsets of bits including at least a first subset of bits and a second subset of bits; decoding the first subset of bits of the plurality of subsets for a first polarization level of the plurality of polarization levels according to a first channel decoding scheme; decoding the second subset of bits of the plurality of subsets for a second polarization level of the plurality of polarization levels according to a second channel decoding scheme; and processing the decoded first subset of bits and the decoded second subset of bits to obtain a set of decoded bits corresponding to the set of information bits.

[0392] Aspect 22: The method of aspect 21, further comprising decoding a third subset of bits of the set of the plurality of subsets together with a second subset of bits for a third polarization level of the plurality of polarization levels according to a second channel decoding scheme.

[0393] Aspect 23: A method according to any one of aspects 21 to 22, wherein the multiple subsets of bits are based at least in part on an amount of encoding levels associated with one or more decoding procedures for the set of information bits, and the amount of the multiple subsets of bits is equal to the amount of encoding levels.

[0394] Aspect 24: The method of aspect 23, wherein performing the depolarization transformation includes performing the depolarization transformation on multiple coded subsets of bits corresponding to multiple channels based at least in part on an amount of polarization levels for the depolarization transformation, wherein the amount of the multiple coded subsets of bits is equal to the amount of polarization levels for the depolarization transformation.

[0395] Aspect 25: The method of any one of aspects 23 to 24, further comprising: determining a first subset of coding levels associated with a first channel decoding scheme; and determining a second subset of coding levels associated with a second channel decoding scheme, wherein the first subset of bits and the second subset of bits are decoded based at least in part on the first subset of coding levels and the second subset of coding levels.

[0396] Aspect 26: The method of aspect 25, wherein a first subset of the encoding levels is associated with a first channel decoding scheme based at least in part on the channel reliability of the first polarization level, and a second subset of the encoding levels is associated with a second channel decoding scheme based at least in part on the channel reliability of the second polarization level.

[0397] Aspect 27: The method of aspect 26, wherein the first channel decoding scheme is different from the second channel decoding scheme.

[0398] Example 28: The method of example 27, wherein the first channel decoding scheme includes an LDPC coding scheme.

[0399] Aspect 29: The method of any one of aspects 23 to 28, further comprising: performing a first CRC procedure using a first subset of bits; and performing a second CRC procedure using a second subset of bits.

[0400] Aspect 30: A method according to any one of aspects 21 to 29, further comprising: selecting a first coding rate for a first channel decoding scheme based at least in part on an effective coding rate and a mutual information polarization function associated with one or more encoding procedures for a set of information bits; and selecting a second coding rate for a second channel decoding scheme based at least in part on the effective coding rate and the mutual information polarization function, wherein the first coding rate is different from the second coding rate.

[0401] Aspect 31: The method of aspect 30, further comprising: selecting a first channel decoding scheme based at least in part on a first encoding rate that meets a threshold; and selecting a second channel decoding scheme based at least in part on a second encoding rate that fails to meet the threshold.

[0402] Aspect 32: The method of any one of aspects 21 to 31, wherein processing the decoded first subset of bits and the decoded second subset of bits further includes concatenating one or more subsets of decoded bits comprising at least the decoded first subset of bits and the decoded second subset of bits, wherein the set of decoded bits comprises the concatenated one or more subsets of decoded bits.

[0403] Aspect 33: A method according to any one of aspects 21 to 32, wherein performing the depolarization transformation further includes determining a first amount of information bits included in a first subset of bits of the plurality of subsets based at least in part on a total amount of information bits of the set of information bits and an effective coding rate associated with one or more decoding procedures for the set of information bits, and determining a second amount of information bits included in a second subset of bits of the plurality of subsets based at least in part on the total amount of information bits of the set of information bits and the effective coding rate.

[0404] Aspect 34: The method of aspect 33, further comprising: determining a first mutual information polarization function for a first polarization level of the plurality of polarization levels based at least in part on the effective encoding rate and a capacity of the first polarization level, wherein a first amount of information bits is determined at least in part based on the first mutual information polarization function; and determining a second mutual information polarization function for a second polarization level of the plurality of polarization levels based at least in part on the effective encoding rate and a capacity of the second polarization level, wherein the second amount of information bits is determined at least in part based on the second mutual information polarization function.

[0405] Aspect 35: A method according to any one of aspects 33 to 34, wherein the depolarization transformation is based at least in part on a polar code, and the method further includes determining a second amount of information bits based at least in part on the first amount of information bits, and determining a third amount of information bits to be included in a third subset of the plurality of subsets based at least in part on the total amount of information bits of the set of information bits, the effective coding rate, and the second amount of information bits.

[0406] Example 36: The method of any one of examples 33 to 35, further comprising receiving a signal indicating a total amount of information bits and an effective coding rate of the set of information bits.

[0407] Aspect 37: The method of any one of aspects 21 to 27 and 29 to 36, wherein the first channel decoding scheme and the second channel decoding scheme include at least one of an LDPC coding scheme, a Reed-Solomon coding scheme, an FEC coding scheme, a Polar coding scheme, a Reed-Muller coding scheme, a staircase coding scheme, a product coding scheme, a convolutional coding scheme, a turbo coding scheme, or a combination thereof.

[0408] Aspect 38: The method of any one of aspects 21 to 37, wherein performing the depolarization transformation further includes decoding the first subset of bits and the second subset of bits using an inner error correcting code.

[0409] Aspect 39: The method of aspect 38, wherein decoding the first subset of bits and the second subset of bits using the inner error correcting code further includes: decoding a first bit from the first subset of bits and a second bit from the second subset of bits together using a first inner error correcting code; and decoding a third bit from the first subset of bits and a fourth bit from the second subset of bits together using a second inner error correcting code.

[0410] Example 40: The method of any one of examples 38 to 39, wherein the inner error correcting code comprises a simplex code.

[0411] Aspect 41: An apparatus for wireless communication in a first wireless device, comprising a memory, a transmitter, and a communications manager communicatively coupled to the memory and the transmitter, wherein the communications manager is configured to perform a method as described in any one of aspects 1 to 20.

[0412] Aspect 42: An apparatus for wireless communication in a first wireless device, comprising at least one means for performing the method according to any one of aspects 1 to 20.

[0413] Aspect 43: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication in a first wireless device, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform a method as recited in any one of aspects 1 to 20.

[0414] Aspect 44: An apparatus for wireless communication in a first wireless device comprising a memory, a receiver, and a communications manager communicatively coupled to the memory and the transmitter, wherein the communications manager is configured to perform a method as described in any one of aspects 21 to 40.

[0415] Aspect 45: An apparatus for wireless communication in a first wireless device, comprising at least one means for performing the method according to any one of aspects 21 to 40.

[0416] Aspect 46: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication in a first wireless device, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform the method of any one of aspects 21 to 40.

[0417] It should be noted that the methods described herein are descriptions of possible implementations, that the acts and steps may be rearranged or otherwise modified, and that other implementations are possible. Additionally, aspects from two or more of these methods may be combined.

[0418] Although aspects of LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR systems may be described as examples, and LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR terminology may be used throughout much of the description, the techniques described herein may be applicable to other than LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR networks. For example, the techniques described may be applicable to various other wireless communication systems, such as Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, Flash-OFDM, and other systems and radio technologies not explicitly mentioned herein.

[0419] The information and signals described herein may be represented using any of a wide variety of technologies and techniques. For example, the data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be referred to throughout the description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof.

[0420] The various example blocks and components described with respect to the disclosure herein may be implemented or performed using a general purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, a CPU, an FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but alternatively, the processor may be any processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration).

[0421] The functions described herein may be implemented in hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software executed by a processor, the functions may be stored on or transmitted over a computer-readable medium as one or more instructions or code. Other examples and implementations are within the scope of this disclosure and the appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, the functions described herein may be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hardwiring, or any combination thereof. Features that perform the functions may also be physically located in various locations, including being distributed such that parts of the functions are executed at different physical locations.

[0422] Computer-readable media includes both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media, including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another. Non-transitory storage media may be any available medium that can be accessed by a general purpose or special purpose computer. By way of example, and not limitation, non-transitory computer-readable media may include RAM, ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), flash memory, compact disk (CD) ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transitory medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code means in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a general purpose or special purpose computer or a general purpose or special purpose processor. Also, any connection is properly termed a computer-readable medium. For example, if the software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave, the coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave are included within the definition of computer readable media. As used herein, disk and disc include CDs, laser discs, optical discs, digital versatile discs (DVDs), floppy disks, and Blu-ray discs, where disks typically reproduce data magnetically and discs reproduce data optically using lasers. Combinations of the above are also included within the scope of computer readable media.

[0423] As used herein, including in the claims, "or" as used in a list of items (e.g., a list of items followed by a phrase such as "at least one of" or "one or more of") indicates an inclusive list, such as, for example, a list of at least one of A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C). Also, the phrase "based on" as used herein should not be construed as a reference to a closed set of conditions. For example, an exemplary step described as "based on condition A" may be based on both condition A and condition B without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase "based on" is to be interpreted the same as the phrase "based at least in part on."

[0424] The terms "determine" or "determining" encompass various actions, and thus "determining" can include calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up (such as via looking up in a table, database or other data structure), solving, and the like. "Determining" can also include receiving (e.g., receiving information), accessing (e.g., accessing data in a memory), and the like. "Determining" can also include resolving, obtaining, selecting, choosing, establishing, and other similar acts.

[0425] In the accompanying figures, similar components or features may have the same reference label. Furthermore, various components of the same type may be distinguished by following the reference label with a dash and a second label that distinguishes between the similar components. If only a first reference label is used herein, the description is applicable to any of the similar components having the same first reference label, regardless of the second reference label, or other subsequent reference labels.

[0426] The description set forth herein with respect to the accompanying drawings describes exemplary configurations and does not necessarily represent all examples that may be implemented or fall within the scope of the claims. The term "example" as used herein means "serving as an example, instance, or illustration" and does not mean "preferred" or "advantageous over other examples." The detailed description includes specific details for the purposes of providing an understanding of the described techniques. However, these techniques may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form to avoid obscuring the concepts of the described examples.

[0427] The description herein is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the disclosure. Various modifications of the disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Thus, the disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for wireless communication in a first wireless device, Dividing a set of information bits into multiple subsets of bits corresponding to multiple polarization levels, Encoding a first subset of bits from a plurality of subsets for a first polarization level among the plurality of polarization levels according to a first channel coding scheme, Encoding a second subset of bits from a plurality of subsets for a second polarization level among the plurality of polarization levels according to a second channel coding scheme, To obtain a set of output bits corresponding to the set of information bits, a polarization transformation is performed using the first encoded subset of the bits for the first polarization level and the second encoded subset of the bits for the second polarization level, Transmitting the aforementioned set of output bits to a second wireless device, A method that includes this.

2. (a) Encoding a third subset of bits from the plurality of subsets together with a second subset of bits for a third polarization level from the plurality of polarization levels according to the second channel coding scheme, wherein the polarization conversion is performed using the encoded first subset of bits for the first polarization level, the encoded second subset of bits for the second polarization level, and the encoded third subset of bits for the third polarization level. This also includes, (b) Dividing the set of information bits into the subsets of bits, at least in part on the amount of coding level associated with one or more coding procedures for the set of information bits, wherein the amount of the subsets of bits is equal to the amount of coding level. (c) Selecting a first coding rate for the first channel coding scheme based at least in part on the effective coding rate and mutual information polarization function associated with one or more coding procedures for the set of information bits, Selecting a second coding rate for the second channel coding scheme based at least partially on the effective coding rate and the cross-information polarization function, wherein the first coding rate is different from the second coding rate. (d) Concatenating one or more sets of polarization bits output after performing the polarization conversion, wherein the set of output bits includes the one or more sets of polarization bits that have been concatenated. (e) Determining a first amount of information bits contained in the first subset of bits from the plurality of subsets, at least in part on the total amount of information bits in the set of information bits and the effective coding rate associated with one or more coding procedures for the set of information bits; Determining a second amount of information bits included in the second subset of bits among the plurality of subsets, based at least partially on the total amount of information bits in the set of information bits and the effective coding rate, (f) The first channel coding scheme and the second channel coding scheme include at least one of the following: low-density parity check coding scheme, Reed-Solomon coding scheme, forward error correction coding scheme, polar coding scheme, Reed-Müller coding scheme, step coding scheme, multiplicative coding scheme, convolutional coding scheme, turbo coding scheme, or a combination thereof. (g) Performing the polarization conversion means This includes encoding the first subset of bits and the second subset of bits using an internal error correction code. The method according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the following is the method according to claim 1.

3. (a) Performing the polarization conversion is Performing the polarization transformation on a plurality of encoded subsets of bits corresponding to a plurality of channels, at least in part on an amount of polarization level for the polarization transformation, wherein the amount of the plurality of encoded subsets of bits is equal to the amount of polarization level for the polarization transformation. including, (b) Determining a first subset of coding levels associated with the first channel coding scheme, Determining a second subset of coding levels associated with the second channel coding scheme, wherein the first subset of bits and the second subset of bits are coded at least partially based on the first subset of coding levels and the second subset of coding levels, or (c) Performing a first cyclic redundancy check procedure using the first subset of bits, Performing a second cyclic redundancy check procedure using the second subset of bits, The method according to claim 2, wherein at least one of the following is the method according to claim 2.

4. (a) Determining a first cross-information polarization function for the first polarization level among a plurality of polarization levels, where the first amount of information bits is determined at least in part on the first cross-information polarization function, Determining a second cross-information polarization function for the second polarization level among the plurality of polarization levels, at least in part on the effective coding rate and the capacity of the second polarization level, wherein the second amount of information bits is determined at least in part on the second cross-information polarization function, This also includes, (b) The polarization conversion is at least partially based on the polar code, and the method is Determining the second amount of information bits based at least in part on the first amount of information bits, Determining a third amount of information bits included in a third subset of bits among the plurality of subsets, based at least partially on the total amount of information bits in the set of information bits, the effective coding rate, and the second amount of information bits, further including, (c) Receiving a signal from the second wireless device indicating the total amount of information bits in the set of information bits and the effective coding rate. The method according to claim 3, wherein at least one of the following is the method according to claim 3.

5. A method for wireless communication in a first wireless device, Receiving an encoded set of bits corresponding to a set of information bits, Performing a depolarization transform using the encoded set of bits to obtain a set of multiple subsets of bits corresponding to multiple polarization levels, wherein the multiple subsets of bits include at least a first subset of bits and a second subset of bits, Selecting a first coding rate for a first channel decoding scheme based at least partially on the effective coding rate and mutual information polarization function associated with one or more coding procedures for the set of information bits, The method involves selecting a second coding rate for a second channel decoding scheme based at least partially on the effective coding rate and the cross-information polarization function, wherein the first coding rate is different from the second coding rate. Decoding the first subset of bits from the plurality of subsets for a first polarization level among the plurality of polarization levels according to the first channel decoding scheme, Decoding the second subset of bits from the plurality of subsets for the second polarization level among the plurality of polarization levels according to the second channel decoding scheme, To obtain a set of decoded bits corresponding to the set of information bits, the first decoded subset of bits and the second decoded subset of bits are processed, A method that includes this.

6. (a) Decode the third subset of bits from the set of subsets together with the second subset of bits for the third polarization level from the plurality of polarization levels, according to the second channel decoding scheme. This also includes, (b) The plurality of subsets of bits are at least in part based on the amount of coding level associated with one or more decoding procedures for the set of information bits, The amount of the plurality of subsets of bits is equal to the amount of the coding level. (c) Selecting the first channel decoding scheme based at least in part on the first coding rate that satisfies the threshold, Selecting the second channel decoding scheme based at least partially on the second coding rate that cannot satisfy the threshold, (d) Processing the first subset of bits decoded and the second subset of bits decoded is: The method involves concatenating one or more subsets of decoded bits, each including at least the first decoded subset of bits and the second decoded subset of bits, wherein the set of decoded bits includes the concatenated one or more subsets of decoded bits. This also includes, (e) Performing the depolarization conversion means Determining a first amount of information bits contained in the first subset of bits among the plurality of subsets, based at least in part on the total amount of information bits in the set of information bits and the effective coding rate associated with one or more decoding procedures for the set of information bits, Determining a second amount of information bits included in the second subset of bits among the plurality of subsets, based at least partially on the total amount of information bits in the set of information bits and the effective coding rate, This also includes, (f) The first channel decoding scheme and the second channel decoding scheme include at least one of the following: low-density parity check coding, Reed-Solomon coding, forward error correction coding, polar coding, Reed-Müller coding, step coding, multiplicative coding, convolutional coding, turbo coding, or a combination thereof. (g) Performing the depolarization conversion means The method further includes decoding the first subset of bits and the second subset of bits using an internal error correction code. The method according to claim 5, wherein at least one of the following is the method according to claim 5.

7. (a) Performing the depolarization conversion means Performing the depolarization transform on a plurality of encoded subsets of bits corresponding to a plurality of channels, at least in part, based on a quantity of polarization level for the depolarization transform, wherein the quantity of the plurality of encoded subsets of bits is equal to the quantity of polarization level for the depolarization transform. including, (b) Determining a first subset of coding levels associated with the first channel decoding scheme, Determining a second subset of the coding level associated with the second channel decoding scheme, wherein the first subset of bits and the second subset of bits are decoded at least partially based on the first subset of coding levels and the second subset of coding levels, or (c) Performing a first cyclic redundancy check procedure using the first subset of bits, Performing a second cyclic redundancy check procedure using the second subset of bits, The method according to claim 6, wherein at least one of the following is the method according to claim 6.

8. (a) Determining a first cross-information polarization function for the first polarization level among a plurality of polarization levels, at least in part on the effective coding rate and the capacity of the first polarization level, wherein the first amount of information bits is determined at least in part on the first cross-information polarization function, Determining a second cross-information polarization function for the second polarization level among the plurality of polarization levels, at least in part on the effective coding rate and the capacity of the second polarization level, wherein the second amount of information bits is determined at least in part on the second cross-information polarization function, (b) The depolarization conversion is at least partially based on the polar code, and the method is Determining the second amount of information bits based at least in part on the first amount of information bits, Determining a third amount of information bits included in a third subset of the plurality of subsets, based at least in part on the total amount of information bits in the set of information bits, the effective coding rate, and the second amount of information bits, or (c) Receiving a signal indicating the total amount of information bits in the set of information bits and the effective coding rate. Further including at least one of the following: The method according to claim 7.

9. A device for wireless communication in a first wireless device, Memory and Transmitter and, A communication manager is communicatively coupled to the memory and the transmitter, wherein the communication manager is The set of information bits is divided into multiple subsets of bits corresponding to multiple polarization levels, A first subset of bits from the plurality of subsets is encoded for a first polarization level among the plurality of polarization levels according to a first channel coding scheme. The second subset of bits from the plurality of subsets is encoded for the second polarization level among the plurality of polarization levels according to the second channel coding scheme, To obtain a set of output bits corresponding to the set of information bits, a polarization transform is performed using the first encoded subset of the bits for the first polarization level and the second encoded subset of the bits for the second polarization level. The set of output bits is transmitted to a second wireless device. A communications manager configured as follows, A device equipped with the following features.

10. The communications manager said, (a) Encode the third subset of bits from the plurality of subsets together with the second subset of bits for the third polarization level of the plurality of polarization levels according to the second channel coding scheme, wherein the polarization transformation is performed using the first subset of bits for the first polarization level, the second subset of bits for the second polarization level, and the third subset of bits for the third polarization level. (b) Dividing the set of information bits into the subsets of bits, at least in part on the amount of coding level associated with one or more coding procedures for the set of information bits, such that the amount of the subsets of bits is equal to the amount of coding level, (c) Select a first coding rate for the first channel coding scheme based at least in part on the effective coding rate and mutual information polarization function associated with one or more coding procedures for the set of information bits, A second coding rate for the second channel coding scheme is selected based at least partially on the effective coding rate and the cross-information polarization function, wherein the first coding rate is different from the second coding rate. The apparatus according to claim 9, further configured to perform at least one of the following.

11. The communication manager is (a) Performing the polarization conversion is Perform the polarization transformation on a plurality of encoded subsets of bits corresponding to a plurality of channels, at least in part on the amount of the polarization level for the polarization transformation, wherein the amount of the plurality of encoded subsets of bits is equal to the amount of the polarization level for the polarization transformation. (b) Determine a first subset of coding levels associated with the first channel coding scheme, Determine a second subset of coding levels associated with the second channel coding scheme, such that the first subset of bits and the second subset of bits are coded at least partially based on the first subset of coding levels and the second subset of coding levels, or (c) Perform a first cyclic redundancy check procedure using the first subset of bits: Perform a second cyclic redundancy check procedure using the second subset of bits. The apparatus according to claim 10, configured to perform at least one of the following.

12. A device for wireless communication in a first wireless device, Memory and Receiver and A communication manager is communicatively coupled to the memory and the receiver, wherein the communication manager is Receive an encoded set of bits corresponding to a set of information bits, To obtain a set of multiple subsets of bits corresponding to multiple polarization levels, a depolarization transform is performed using the encoded set of bits, wherein the multiple subsets of bits include at least a first subset of bits and a second subset of bits. A first coding rate for a first channel decoding scheme is selected based at least in part on the effective coding rate and mutual information polarization function associated with one or more coding procedures for the set of information bits. A second coding rate for a second channel decoding scheme is selected based at least partially on the effective coding rate and the cross-information polarization function, wherein the first coding rate is different from the second coding rate. According to the first channel decoding scheme, the first subset of bits from the plurality of subsets is decoded for the first polarization level among the plurality of polarization levels, According to the second channel decoding scheme, the second subset of bits from the plurality of subsets is decoded for the second polarization level among the plurality of polarization levels, To obtain a set of decoded bits corresponding to the set of information bits, the first decoded subset of bits and the second decoded subset of bits are processed. A communications manager configured as follows, A device equipped with the following features.

13. (a) The communication manager is According to the second channel decoding scheme, the third subset of bits from the plurality of subsets is decoded together with the second subset of bits for the third polarization level from the plurality of polarization levels. It is further configured in such a way, or (b) The plurality of subsets of bits are at least in part based on the amount of coding level associated with one or more decoding procedures for the set of information bits, The amount of the plurality of subsets of bits is equal to the amount of the coding level. The apparatus according to claim 12, wherein at least one of the following.

14. The communication manager is (a) Performing the depolarization conversion is Perform the depolarization transform on a plurality of encoded subsets of bits corresponding to a plurality of channels, at least in part on the amount of polarization level for the depolarization transform, wherein the amount of the plurality of encoded subsets of bits is equal to the amount of polarization level for the depolarization transform. (b) Determine a first subset of coding levels associated with the first channel decoding scheme, Determine a second subset of the coding level associated with the second channel decoding scheme, such that the first subset of bits and the second subset of bits are decoded at least partially based on the first subset of coding levels and the second subset of coding levels, or (c) Perform a first cyclic redundancy check procedure using the first subset of bits: Perform a second cyclic redundancy check procedure using the second subset of bits. The apparatus according to claim 13, configured to perform at least one of the following.

15. A non-temporary computer-readable recording medium storing a code for wireless communication in a first wireless device, wherein the code comprises instructions executable by a processor for performing the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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