A herbicide mixture comprising L-glufosinate or a salt thereof and a second herbicide

Abstract

The present invention relates to a herbicide mixture comprising L-glufosinate or a salt thereof and a herbicide compound II selected from beflubutamid-M, tetflupyrolimet, dimethosulfazet, benquitrione, bipyrazon, sipylafuon, dioxopyritrione, fenpyrazon, limisoxafen, tripyrasulfone, flucolaminopyl, flucolaminopyl-tefuryl, pyriflubenzoxime, flufenoxymasil, flusulfinam, iprotriazid, ikafolin, pyraquinate, and bromoxynil. The present invention further relates to a method for controlling unwanted vegetation in burn-down programs, industrial vegetation management and forestry, drilled crops, vegetable crops and perennial crops, and turf and lawns.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a herbicide mixture comprising L-glufosinate or a salt thereof and a herbicide compound II selected from beflubutamid-M, tetflupyrolimet, dimethosulfazet, benquitrione, bipyrazone, sipylafuorone, dioxopyritrione, fenpyrazone, limisoxafen, tripyrasulfone, flucolaminopyr, flucolaminopyr-tefuryl, pyrifluvebenzoxime, flufenoxymasyl, flusulfiname, iprotriazopyrid, ikafolin, pyraquinat, and broxazon. The present invention further relates to methods for controlling unwanted vegetation in burndown programs, industrial vegetation management and forestry, vegetable crops and perennial crops, and turf and lawns.

Background Art

[0002] Burndown, i.e., the complete removal of weeds from the soil by application of a herbicide before crop planting or emergence, is an important tool in modern weed management. Weeds present at planting generally grow much more rapidly than the crop, thus competing very early in the growing season and damaging the crop and reducing crop yields. Therefore, it is desirable to plant the crop in a weed-free seedbed or to ensure that essentially no weeds are present when the crop emerges. Burndown may also necessarily involve weed control in fallow fields.

[0003] In industrial weed management and forestry, it is desirable to control weeds over a large area over a long period of time. There may also be a desire to control large weeds or taller species such as shrubs or trees. Industrial weed management includes, for example, the management of railway and public land, fence lines, and non-cultivated land (e.g., industrial sites and construction sites, gravel areas, roads or sidewalks, etc.). Forestry includes, for example, the removal of existing forests or shrublands, the removal of regeneration after mechanical forest harvesting, or the management of weeds under forest plantations. In the latter case, it may be desirable to shield the desired trees from contact with a spray solution containing the herbicide mixture according to the present invention.

Summary of the Invention

[0004] Vegetable crops include, for example, aubergine, bean, pepper, cabbage, pepper, cucumber, eggplant, lettuce, melon, onion, potato, sweet potato, spinach and tomato. For weed control in vegetable crops, it may also be desirable to shield these crops from contact with a spray solution containing the herbicide mixture according to the present invention.

[0005] Row crops can be planted in rows having a width sufficient to be tilled or otherwise cultivated by agricultural machinery (machinery made for the seasonal activities of row crops). The characteristic of row crops is that they are planted and cultivated seasonally or annually. Thus, this type of crop is produced in a relatively short period of time and predictably, and a profit can be obtained. Row crops are not replanted each time they are harvested, but continue to be produced from the plants for several seasons. Examples of row crops include, in addition to soybean, corn, canola, cotton, cereals or rice, sunflower, potato, dry bean, pea, flax, safflower, buckwheat, sugar beet. Generally, row crops that can be treated according to the present invention may be of conventional origin or herbicide-tolerant row crops.

[0006] Perennial crops include tree crops, nut crops and vine crops, such as almonds, apples, apricots, avocados, cashew nuts, cherries, Christmas trees, durians, oranges, dragon fruits, grapes, guavas, longans, mangoes, olives, papayas, peaches, pears and other pomaceous fruits, pistachios, plums, pomegranates, sapodillas and quince, etc., as well as citrus crops, such as clementines, grapefruits, lemons, limes, mandarins and nectarines, etc., in addition to nut crops, such as hazelnuts, macadamia nuts and walnuts, etc.; and plantation crops, such as bananas, cacao, coconuts, coffee, oil palms, peppers and other seeds, abutilons, rubbers, sugarcanes and tea, etc. Also included are ornamental plants, such as azaleas, rhododendrons, roses, etc. and nurseries, etc. For weed control in perennial crops, it may be desirable to shield these crops from contact with a spray solution containing the herbicide mixture according to the present invention.

[0007] In addition, the composition according to the present invention can also be used for weed control in turf and lawns if the desired grass species are resistant to the herbicide composition. In particular, such mixtures can be used in desirable grass species that have been made resistant to glufosinate by mutagenesis or genetic engineering.

[0008] Glufosinate and its salts have excellent post-emergence activity against a number of weeds and are thus non-selective systemic herbicides that can be used in burn-down programs, industrial vegetation management and forestry, row crops, vegetable crops and perennial crops, as well as turf and lawns. However, the single application of glufosinate often results in insufficient weed control and multiple applications and / or high doses are often required. Furthermore, the effectiveness of glufosinate against some weeds is not entirely satisfactory.

[0009] Therefore, it is often recommended to apply glufosinate in combination with at least one further herbicide. However, the effectiveness of such combinations is often insufficient and high application rates are still required to achieve acceptable weed control. Furthermore, the reliability and persistence of such combinations strongly depend on weathering conditions and it is indeed difficult to control weed species that may escape. In addition, the herbicidal activity of these mixtures persists for only a short time, so effective burn-down is only possible within a small time frame before crop planting.

[0010] Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a herbicidal mixture which enables efficient and reliable control of Gramineae weeds and broad-leaved weeds in burn-down programs, industrial vegetation management and forestry, row crops, vegetable crops and perennial crops, as well as turf and lawns. Furthermore, the persistence of the herbicidal activity of the mixture should be long enough to achieve weed control over a sufficient long period, thereby enabling more flexible application. The mixture should also have low toxicity to humans or other mammals. The mixture should also show a rapid action against harmful plants, i.e. these mixtures should cause damage to harmful plants more rapidly compared to the application of individual herbicides.

[0011] Glufosinate is a racemate of two enantiomers, only one of which exhibits sufficient herbicidal activity (see, for example, US Patent No. 4,265,654 and JP 92448 / 83). Various methods for preparing L-glufosinate (and its respective salts) are known, but mixtures known in the art do not specify the stereochemistry and imply the presence of the racemate (see, for example, WO 2013154396).

[0012] Surprisingly, it has been found that a mixture of L-glufosinate or its salt and herbicide compound II exhibits higher activity in burn-down programs, industrial vegetation management and forestry, row crops, vegetable crops and perennial crops, as well as turf and lawns, compared to L-glufosinate alone.

[0013] Surprisingly, the mixture of L-glufosinate or a salt thereof and herbicide compound II shows higher activity in burn-down programs, industrial vegetation management and forestry, row crops, vegetable crops and perennial crops, and turf and lawns when compared to the mixture of racemic glufosinate and herbicide compound II.

[0014] Accordingly, the present invention relates to 1) L-glufosinate or a salt thereof as compound I, and 2) a herbicide compound II as compound II, which is selected from the group consisting of beflubutamid-M, tetflupyrolimet, dimethosulfazet, benquitrione, bipyrazone, sipflufluron, dioxopyrithione, fenpyrazone, limisoxafen, tripyrasulfone, flucolaminopyr, flucolaminopyr-tefuryl, pyrifluobenzoxime, flufenoxymasyl, flusulfinam, iprotriazid, ikafolin, pyraquinate, and broxazon. and relates to a herbicide mixture of

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the above invention relates to the above herbicide mixture wherein the L-glufosinate contains more than 70% by weight of the L-enantiomer.

Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

[0016] Glufosinate [generic name of DL-4-[hydroxy(methyl)phosphinoyl]-DL-homoalaninate] and its salts (e.g., glufosinate ammonium), and its herbicidal activity are described, for example, by F. Schwerdtle et al. Z. Pflanzenkr. Pflanzenschutz, 1981, Sonderheft IX, pp. 431-440. Glufosinate and its salts as a racemate are commercially available from Bayer Cropscience under the trade names Basta™ and Liberty™.

[0017] The L-glufosinate used in the present invention contains more than 70% by weight of the L-enantiomer; preferably more than 80% by weight of the L-enantiomer; more preferably more than 90% of the L-enantiomer, and most preferably more than 95% of the L-enantiomer, and can be prepared as described above. L-glufosinate can be prepared according to methods known in the art, for example, as described in WO 2006 / 104120 pamphlet, US Patent No. 5,530,142, European Patent No. 0,127,429, and J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans. 1, 1992, 1525 - 1529.

[0018] L-glufosinate (also referred to as glufosinate-P) is (2S)-2-amino-4-[hydroxy(methyl)phosphinoyl]butyric acid (CAS Registry No. 35597-44-5). Related salts of L-glufosinate are L-glufosinate-ammonium (also referred to as glufosinate-P-ammonium) which is ammonium (2S)-2-amino-4-(methylphosphinato)butyric acid (CAS Registry No. 73777-50-1); L-glufosinate-sodium (also referred to as glufosinate-P-sodium) which is sodium (2S)-2-amino-4-(methylphosphinato)butyric acid (CAS Registry No. 70033-13-5) and L-glufosinate-potassium which is potassium (2S)-2-amino-4-(methylphosphinato)butyric acid (also referred to as glufosinate-P-potassium).

[0019] In the present disclosure, Compound I is the acid form or salt of enantiopure L-glufosinate (glufosinate-P, Compound I.1), or a mixture of the acid forms and salts of X% w / w of L-glufosinate and Y% w / w of D-glufosinate, where X is ≥70, preferably ≥80, more preferably ≥90, most preferably ≥95, and X + Y = 100.

[0020] The following are examples of Compound I suitable for use in combination with Compound II: Compound I: I.1: Enantiopure L-glufosinate I.1.a: Enantiopure L-glufosinate-ammonium I.1.b: Enantiopure L-glufosinate-sodium I.1.c: Enantiopure L-glufosinate-potassium I.2: A mixture of X% w / w of L-glufosinate and Y% w / w of D-glufosinate, where X ≥ 95 and Y ≤ 5%, and X + Y is 100. I.2.a: A mixture of X% w / w of L-glufosinate-ammonium and Y% w / w of D-glufosinate-ammonium, where X ≥ 95 and Y ≤ 5, and X + Y is 100. I.2.b: A mixture of X% w / w of L-glufosinate-sodium and Y% w / w of D-glufosinate-sodium, where X ≥ 95 and Y ≤ 5, and X + Y is 100. I.2.c: A mixture of X% w / w of L-glufosinate-potassium and Y% w / w of D-glufosinate-potassium, where X ≥ 95 and Y ≤ 5, and X + Y is 100. I.3: A mixture of X% w / w of L-glufosinate and Y% w / w of D-glufosinate, where X ≥ 90 and Y ≤ 10, and X + Y is 100. I.3.a: A mixture of X% w / w of L-glufosinate-ammonium and Y% w / w of D-glufosinate-ammonium, where X ≥ 90 and Y ≤ 10, and X + Y is 100. I.3.b: A mixture of X% w / w of L-glufosinate-sodium and Y% w / w of D-glufosinate-sodium, where X ≥ 90 and Y ≤ 10, and X + Y is 100. I.3.c: A mixture of X% w / w of L-glufosinate-potassium and Y% w / w of D-glufosinate-potassium, where X ≥ 90 and Y ≤ 10, and X + Y is 100. I.4: A mixture of X% w / w of L-glufosinate and Y% w / w of D-glufosinate, where X ≥ 80 and Y ≤ 20, and X + Y is 100. I.4.a: A mixture of X% w / w of L-glufosinate-ammonium and Y% w / w of D-glufosinate-ammonium, where X ≥ 80 and Y ≤ 20, and X + Y is 100. I.4.b: A mixture of X% w / w of L-glufosinate-sodium and Y% w / w of D-glufosinate-sodium, where X ≥ 80 and Y ≤ 20, and X + Y is 100. I.4.c: A mixture of X% w / w of L-glufosinate-potassium and Y% w / w of D-glufosinate-potassium, where X ≥ 80 and Y ≤ 20, and X + Y is 100. I.5: A mixture of X% w / w of L-glufosinate and Y% w / w of D-glufosinate, where X ≥ 70 and Y ≤ 30, and X + Y is 100. I.5.a: A mixture of X% w / w of L-glufosinate-ammonium and Y% w / w of D-glufosinate-ammonium, where X ≥ 70 and Y ≤ 30, and X + Y is 100. I.5.b: A mixture of X% w / w of L-glufosinate-sodium and Y% w / w of D-glufosinate-sodium, where X ≥ 70 and Y ≤ 30, and X + Y is 100. I.5.c: A mixture of X% w / w of L-glufosinate-potassium and Y% w / w of D-glufosinate-potassium, where X ≥ 70 and Y ≤ 30, and X + Y is 100.

[0021] Compound II, as well as their pesticidal action and their manufacturing methods, are also generally known in other documents, for example, in the Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (https: / / pesticidecompendium.bcpc.org).

[0022] In the mixture of the present invention, the weight ratio of Compound I to Compound II is preferably from 1000:1 to 1:500, more preferably from 400:1 to 1:40, still more preferably from 500:1 to 1:250, particularly from 200:1 to 1:20, even more preferably from 100:1 to 1:10, most preferably from 50:1 to 1:5, 50:1 to 10:1, 50:1 to 5:1, 50:1 to 2:1, 40:1 to 1:5, 40:1 to 10:1, 40:1 to 5:1, 40:1 to 2:1, 30:1 to 1:5, 30:1 to 10:1, 30:1 to 5:1, 30:1 to 2:1, 20:1 to 1:5, 20:1 to 10:1, 20:1 to 5:1, 20:1 to 2:1, 10:1 to 1:5, 10:1 to 5:1, 10:1 to 2:1, 2:1 to 1:1.

[0023] Furthermore, mixtures containing L-glufosinate-ammonium or L-glufosinate-sodium as the L-glufosinate salt, or L-glufosinate as the free acid, are preferred. Particularly preferred are mixtures containing L-glufosinate-ammonium as the L-glufosinate salt.

[0024] Preferred Compound II is beflubutamid-M, tetflupyrolimet, benquitrione, bipyrazone, dioxopyritrione, fenpyrazone, tripyrasulfone, fluchloraminopyr, fluchloraminopyr-tefuryl, pyrifluobenzoxime, flufenoxymasyl, flusulfinam, ipro-triazopyrid, ikafolin, pyraquinate, and broxazon.

[0025] In one embodiment of the present invention, Compound II is beflubutamid-M.

[0026] In another embodiment of the present invention, Compound II is tetflupyrolimet.

[0027] In one embodiment of the present invention, Compound II is ikafolin.

[0028] In one embodiment of the present invention, Compound II is pyraquinate.

[0029] In one embodiment of the present invention, Compound II is bromoxynil.

[0030] Accordingly, a preferred mixture of the present invention is a mixture of L-glufosinate-ammonium or L-glufosinate-sodium as the L-glufosinate salt or L-glufosinate as the free acid, and a herbicide Compound II selected from the group consisting of beflubutamid-M, tetflupyrolimet, benquinox, bipyrazone, dioxopytrione, fenpyrazone, tripyrasulfone, flucolaminopyr, flucolaminopyr-tefuryl, pyriflubenzoxim, flufenoxymasyl, flusulfinam, ipro-triazpyrid, ikafolin, pyraquinate, and bromoxynil.

[0031] A preferred mixture of the present invention is a mixture of L-glufosinate-ammonium or L-glufosinate-sodium as the L-glufosinate salt or L-glufosinate as the free acid, and at least one herbicide Compound II selected from the group consisting of beflubutamid-M, tetflupyrolimet, benquinox, bipyrazone, tripyrasulfone, fenpyrazone, dioxopytrione, flucolaminopyr, flucolaminopyr-tefuryl, and ikafolin.

[0032] More preferably, the mixture of the present invention is a mixture of L-glufosinate-ammonium or L-glufosinate-sodium as the L-glufosinate salt or L-glufosinate as the free acid, and a herbicide Compound II selected from the group consisting of beflubutamid-M, tetflupyrolimet, and ikafolin.

[0033] Even more preferably, the mixture of the present invention is a mixture of L-glufosinate-ammonium and a herbicide Compound II selected from the group consisting of beflubutamid-M, tetflupyrolimet, and ikafolin.

[0034] All preferred mixtures are listed in Table 2, where the following abbreviations in Table 1 are used:

[0035]

Table 1

[0036]

Table 2

[0037]

Table 3

[0038] In another embodiment of the present invention, the mixture is a mixture of L-glufosinate-ammonium or L-glufosinate-sodium as the L-glufosinate salt or L-glufosinate as the free acid, and beflubutamid-M, tetflupyrolimet, or ikafolin as Compound II.

[0039] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mixture is a mixture of L-glufosinate-ammonium or L-glufosinate-sodium as the L-glufosinate salt or L-glufosinate as the free acid, and beflubutamid-M as Compound II.

[0040] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mixture is a mixture of L-glufosinate-ammonium or L-glufosinate-sodium as the L-glufosinate salt or L-glufosinate as the free acid, and tetflupyrolimet as Compound II.

[0041] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mixture is a mixture of L-glufosinate-ammonium or L-glufosinate-sodium as the L-glufosinate salt or L-glufosinate as the free acid, and ikafolin as Compound II.

[0042] Therefore, preferred are mixtures M-1, M-2, M-17, M-20, M-21, M-36, M-40, M-41, and M-58.

[0043] All of the mixtures mentioned above are hereinafter referred to in this specification as "the mixtures of the present invention".

[0044] The mixtures of the present invention may further contain one or more insecticides, fungicides, and herbicides.

[0045] The mixtures of the present invention can be converted into conventional types of pesticide mixtures, such as solutions, emulsions, suspensions, powders, dusts, pastes, granules, compressants, capsules, and mixtures thereof. Examples of mixture types are suspensions (e.g., SC, OD, FS), emulsifiable concentrates (e.g., EC), emulsions (e.g., EW, EO, ES, ME), capsules (e.g., CS, ZC), pastes, pastilles, wettable powders or wettable dusts (e.g., WP, SP, WS, DP, DS), compressants (e.g., BR, TB, DT), granules (e.g., WG, SG, GR, FG, GG, MG), pesticidal products (e.g., LN), and gel formulations (e.g., GF) for the treatment of plant propagation materials such as seeds. These and further mixture types are defined in the "Catalogue of pesticide formulation types and international coding system" (Technical Monograph No.2,6 th Ed.May 2008, CropLife International).

[0046] The mixtures are prepared by known methods, for example, as described in Mollet and Grubemann, Formulation technology, Wiley VCH, Weinheim, 2001; or Knowles, New developments in crop protection product formulation, Agrow Reports DS243, T&F Informa, London, 2005.

[0047] Suitable auxiliaries are solvents, liquid carriers, solid carriers or fillers, surfactants, dispersants, emulsifiers, wetting agents, adjuvants, solubilizers, penetration enhancers, protective colloid agents, adhesives, thickeners, humectants, repellents, attractants, feeding stimulants, cosolvents, bactericides, antifreezing agents, defoamers, colorants, tackifiers, and binders.

[0048] Suitable solvents and liquid carriers are water and organic solvents, such as middle-boiling to high-boiling mineral oil fractions, such as kerosene, diesel oil; oils of plant or animal origin; aliphatic, cyclic and aromatic hydrocarbons, such as toluene, paraffin, tetrahydronaphthalene, alkylated naphthalene; alcohols, such as ethanol, propanol, butanol, benzyl alcohol, cyclohexanol; glycols; DMSO; ketones, such as cyclohexanone; esters, such as lactate esters, carbonate esters, fatty acid esters, gamma-butyrolactone; fatty acids; phosphonates; amines; amides, such as N-methylpyrrolidone, fatty acid dimethylamide; and mixtures thereof.

[0049] Suitable solid carriers or fillers are mineral earths, such as silicates, silica gel, talc, kaolin, limestone, lime, chalk, clay, dolomite, diatomaceous earth, bentonite, calcium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, magnesium oxide; polysaccharides, such as cellulose, starch; fertilizers, such as ammonium sulfate, ammonium phosphate, ammonium nitrate, urea; products derived from plants, such as cereal flour, bark powder, wood powder, nut shell powder and mixtures thereof.

[0050] Suitable surfactants are surfactant compounds, such as anionic, cationic, nonionic and amphoteric surfactants, block polymers, polyelectrolytes, and mixtures thereof. Such surfactants can be used as emulsifiers, dispersants, solubilizers, wetting agents, penetration enhancers, protective colloid agents or adjuvants. Examples of surfactants are listed in McCutcheon’s, Vol.1: Emulsifiers & Detergents, McCutcheon’s Directories, Glen Rock, USA, 2008 (International Ed. or North American Ed.).

[0051] Suitable anionic surfactants are the alkali salts, alkaline earth salts or ammonium salts of sulfonates, sulfates, phosphates, carboxylates and mixtures thereof. Examples of sulfonates are alkylaryl sulfonates, diphenyl sulfonates, alpha-olefin sulfonates, lignin sulfonates, sulfonates of fatty acids and oils, sulfonates of ethoxylated alkylphenols, sulfonates of alkoxylated arylphenols, sulfonates of condensed naphthalenes, sulfonates of dodecyl- and tridecylbenzenes, sulfonates of naphthalene and alkylnaphthalenes, sulfosuccinates or sulfosuccinamates. Examples of sulfates are sulfates of fatty acids and oils, ethoxylated alkylphenols, alcohols, ethoxylated alcohols, or fatty acid esters. Examples of phosphates are phosphate esters. Examples of carboxylates are alkyl carboxylates, and carboxylated alcohol or alkylphenol ethoxylates.

[0052] Suitable nonionic surfactants are alkoxylates, N-substituted fatty acid amides, amine oxides, esters, sugar-based surfactants, polymer-based surfactants, and mixtures thereof. Examples of alkoxylates are compounds such as alcohols, alkylphenols, amines, amides, arylphenols, fatty acids or fatty acid esters that are alkoxylated with 1 to 50 equivalents. Ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide, preferably ethylene oxide, can be used for alkoxylation. Examples of N-substituted fatty acid amides are fatty acid glucamides or fatty acid alkanolamides. Examples of esters are fatty acid esters, glycerol esters or monoglycerides. Examples of sugar-based surfactants are sorbitan, ethoxylated sorbitan, sucrose and glucose esters or alkyl polyglucosides. Examples of polymer surfactants are homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl pyrrolidone, vinyl alcohol, or vinyl acetate.

[0053] Suitable cationic surfactants are quaternary surfactants, such as quaternary ammonium compounds having one or two hydrophobic groups, or salts of long-chain primary amines. Suitable amphoteric surfactants are alkyl betaines and imidazolines. Suitable block polymers are A-B or A-B-A type blocks containing polyethylene oxide and polypropylene oxide blocks, or A-B-C type block polymers containing alkanol, polyethylene oxide and polypropylene oxide. Suitable polyelectrolytes are polyacids or polybases. Examples of polyacids are polyacrylic acid or the alkali salts of polyacid comb-type polymers. Examples of polybases are polyvinylamine or polyethyleneamine.

[0054] Suitable adjuvants are compounds which have negligible pesticidal activity of their own or which have no pesticidal activity of their own and enhance the biological performance of the mixtures according to the invention against the target. For example, surfactants, mineral or vegetable oils, and other auxiliaries. Further examples are listed in Knowles, Adjuvants and additives, Agrow Reports DS256, T&F Informa UK, 2006, chapter 5.

[0055] Suitable thickeners are polysaccharides (for example xanthan gum, carboxymethyl cellulose), anorganic clays (organically modified or unmodified), polycarboxylates and silicates.

[0056] Suitable bactericides are bronopol and isothiazolinone derivatives, for example alkylisothiazolinone and benzisothiazolinone.

[0057] Suitable antifreezing agents are ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, urea and glycerol.

[0058] Suitable defoamers are silicones, long-chain alcohols, and salts of fatty acids.

[0059] Suitable colorants (for example red, blue or green) are low water-soluble pigments and water-soluble dyes. Examples thereof are inorganic colorants (for example iron oxide, titanium oxide, hexacyanoferrate) as well as organic colorants (for example alizarin, azo and phthalocyanine colorants).

[0060] Suitable tackifiers or binders are polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylate, biologically derived or synthetic waxes and cellulose ethers.

[0061] Examples of mixture types and their preparation are as follows: i) Water-soluble concentrates (SL, LS) 10 to 60% by weight of the mixture of the present invention, and 5 to 15% by weight of a wetting agent (for example, alcohol alkoxylate) are dissolved in water and / or a water-soluble solvent (for example, alcohol) to make 100% by weight. The active substance dissolves when diluted with water.

[0062] ii) Dispersibility concentrate (DC) 5 to 25% by weight of the mixture of the present invention, and 1 to 10% by weight of a dispersant (for example, polyvinylpyrrolidone) are dissolved in an organic solvent (for example, cyclohexanone) to make 100% by weight. A dispersion is obtained when diluted with water.

[0063] iii) Emulsibility concentrate (EC) 15 to 70% by weight of the mixture of the present invention, and 5 to 10% by weight of an emulsifier (for example, calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and castor oil ethoxylate) are dissolved in a water-insoluble organic solvent (for example, aromatic hydrocarbon) to make 100% by weight. An emulsion is obtained when diluted with water.

[0064] iv) Emulsifying agent (EW, EO, ES) 5 to 40% by weight of the mixture of the present invention and 1 to 10% by weight of an emulsifier (for example, calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and castor oil ethoxylate) are dissolved in 20 to 40% by weight of a water-insoluble organic solvent (for example, aromatic hydrocarbon). This mixture is introduced into water by an emulsifying device to make 100% by weight to form a uniform emulsion. An emulsion is obtained when diluted with water.

[0065] v) Suspending agent (SC, OD, FS) In a stirred ball mill, when 20 to 60% by weight of the mixture of the present invention is added with 2 to 10% by weight of a dispersant and a wetting agent (for example, sodium lignosulfonate and alcohol ethoxylate), 0.1 to 2% by weight of a thickening agent (for example, xanthan gum), and water up to 100% by weight and pulverized, a fine suspension of the active substance is obtained. A stable suspension of the active substance is obtained when diluted with water. For the FS type mixture, up to 40% by weight of a binder (for example, polyvinyl alcohol) is added.

[0066] vi) Water-dispersible granules and water-soluble granules (WG, SG) To 50 - 80% by weight of the mixture of the present invention, dispersants and wetting agents (for example, sodium lignosulfonate and alcohol ethoxylate) up to 100% by weight are added, finely pulverized, and prepared into water-dispersible granules or water-soluble granules using a dedicated device (for example, an extruder, a spray tower, a fluidized bed). When diluted with water, a stable dispersion or solution of the active substance can be obtained.

[0067] vii) Water-dispersible powders and water-soluble powders (WP, SP, WS) In a rotor-stator mill, to 50 - 80% by weight of the mixture of the present invention, 1 - 5% by weight of a dispersant (for example, sodium lignosulfonate), 1 - 3% by weight of a wetting agent (for example, alcohol ethoxylate), and a solid carrier (for example, silica gel) up to 100% by weight are added and pulverized. When diluted with water, a stable dispersion or solution of the active substance can be obtained.

[0068] viii) Gel agents (GW, GF) In a stirred ball mill, when 3 - 10% by weight of a dispersant (for example, sodium lignosulfonate), 1 - 5% by weight of a thickener (for example, carboxymethyl cellulose), and water up to 100% by weight are added to 5 - 25% by weight of the mixture of the present invention and finely pulverized, a fine suspension of the active substance can be obtained. When diluted with water, a stable suspension of the active substance can be obtained.

[0069] ix) Microemulsion agents (ME) 5 - 20% by weight of the mixture of the present invention is added to 5 - 30% by weight of an organic solvent blend (for example, fatty acid dimethylamide and cyclohexanone), 10 - 25% by weight of a surfactant blend (for example, alcohol ethoxylate and arylphenol ethoxylate), and water up to 100% by weight. When this mixture is stirred for 1 hour, a thermodynamically stable microemulsion is spontaneously formed.

[0070] x) Microcapsule agents (CS) Disperse an oil phase containing 5 to 50% by weight of the mixture of the present invention, 0 to 40% by weight of a water-insoluble organic solvent (e.g., aromatic hydrocarbon), and 2 to 15% by weight of an acrylic monomer (e.g., methyl methacrylate, methacrylic acid, and diacrylate or triacrylate) in an aqueous solution of a protective colloid (e.g., polyvinyl alcohol). Radical polymerization initiated by a radical initiator forms poly(meth)acrylate microcapsules. Alternatively, disperse an oil phase containing 5 to 50% by weight of the mixture of the present invention according to the present invention, 0 to 40% by weight of a water-insoluble organic solvent (e.g., aromatic hydrocarbon), and an isocyanate monomer (e.g., diphenylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate) in an aqueous solution of a protective colloid (e.g., polyvinyl alcohol). When a polyamine (e.g., hexamethylenediamine) is added, microcapsules of polyurea are formed. The monomers total 1 to 10% by weight. The % by weight is based on the total CS mixture.

[0071] xi) Dustable powder (DP, DS) Micronize 1 to 10% by weight of the mixture of the present invention and mix well with up to 100% by weight of a solid carrier (e.g., micronized kaolin).

[0072] xii) Granules (GR, FG) Micronize 0.5 to 30% by weight of the mixture of the present invention and combine with up to 100% by weight of a solid carrier (e.g., silicate). Granulation is achieved by extrusion, spray drying, or fluidized bed.

[0073] xiii) Ultra-low volume liquid (UL) Dissolve 1 to 50% by weight of the mixture of the present invention in up to 100% by weight of an organic solvent (e.g., aromatic hydrocarbon).

[0074] Mixture types i) to xiii) may optionally contain further auxiliaries such as 0.1 to 1% by weight of a bactericide, 5 to 15% by weight of an antifreeze, 0.1 to 1% by weight of an antifoaming agent, and 0.1 to 1% by weight of a colorant.

[0075] The resulting pesticide mixtures generally contain 0.01 to 95% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 90% by weight, in particular 0.5 to 75% by weight of active substances. The active substances are used with a purity of 90% to 100%, preferably 95% to 100% (based on the NMR spectrum).

[0076] For the purpose of treating plant propagation materials (especially seeds), solution formulations for seed treatment (LS), suspoemulsion formulations (SE), flowable concentrates (FS), dry powders for treatment (DS), water-dispersible powders for slurry treatment (WS), water-soluble powders (SS), emulsion formulations (ES), emulsifiable concentrates (EC) and gel formulations (GF) are usually used. The mixtures in question give an active substance concentration of 0.01 to 60% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 40% by weight, in a ready-to-use preparation after dilution 2 to 10 times. Application can be carried out before sowing or during sowing. As methods of applying the mixtures of the present invention and their mixtures respectively to plant propagation materials (especially seeds), there may be mentioned dressing, coating, pelleting, dusting and soaking, as well as in-furrow application, etc. Preferably, the mixtures of the present invention or their mixtures are each applied to plant propagation materials by a method such that germination is not induced, for example by seed dressing, seed pelleting, seed coating and seed dusting.

[0077] The present invention also relates to a herbicidal preparation comprising a herbicidally active mixture as defined herein and at least one carrier substance (such as a liquid carrier substance and / or a solid carrier substance, etc.).

[0078] Various types of oils, wetting agents, adjuvants, fertilizers or micronutrients, and further pest control agents (such as herbicides, insecticides, fungicides, growth regulators, phytotoxicity reducers) may be added as a premix to the active substances or the mixtures of the present invention containing them, or, if appropriate, added immediately before use (tank mix). These agents can be mixed with the mixtures of the present invention in a weight ratio of 1:100 to 100:1, preferably 1:10 to 10:1.

[0079] The user applies the mixture according to the invention, usually from a device that can be pre-dosed, a backpack sprayer, a spray tank, an aerial sprayer, or an irrigation system. Usually, the pesticide mixture is adjusted to the desired application concentration with water, a buffer, and / or further adjuvants, and in this way an immediately usable spray liquid or pesticide mixture according to the invention is obtained. Usually, 20 to 2000 liters, preferably 50 to 400 liters, of the immediately usable spray liquid per hectare of agricultural useful area are applied.

[0080] As outlined above, the invention also relates to the use of the mixtures defined herein for burn-down programs, industrial vegetation management and forestry, for controlling unwanted vegetation in vegetable crops and perennial crops as well as in turf and lawns, where the mixtures of the invention can be applied before or after emergence, i.e. before, during and / or after the emergence of unwanted plants. Preference is given to application as a post-emergence treatment (i.e. during and / or after the emergence of unwanted plants). In the present specification, the mixtures of the invention are applied to the location where the crop is to be planted before the crop is planted or emerges.

[0081] Accordingly, the invention also relates to a method for burn-down treatment of unwanted vegetation in crops, which comprises applying the mixture of the invention to the location where the crop is to be planted (or sown) or emerges before the crop is planted or emerges. In the present specification, the mixtures of the invention are applied to unwanted vegetation or its location.

[0082] Accordingly, the invention thus relates to a method for controlling unwanted vegetation, which method comprises applying the mixture of the invention to a location where unwanted vegetation is present or is predicted to be present, where the application can be carried out before, during and / or after the emergence of the unwanted vegetation, preferably during and / or after the emergence.

[0083] The terms "control" and "eradicate" as used herein are synonyms.

[0084] As used herein, the terms "undesirable vegetation", "undesirable seeds", "undesirable plants", "noxious plants", "undesirable weeds", or "noxious weeds" are synonymous.

[0085] As used herein, the term "site" means an area where vegetation or plants are growing or will grow, typically a field.

[0086] In such a burn-down program, the mixture of the present invention can be applied either before seeding (planting) of the crop or after seeding (or planting), but is applied before emergence of the crop, particularly before seeding. The mixture of the present invention is preferably applied before seeding of the crop. In the case of burn-down, the mixture of the present invention will generally be applied on a day up to 9 months before planting of the crop, often up to 6 months before, preferably up to 4 months before. The burn-down application can be made on a day up to 1 day before emergence of the crop, preferably on the day before seeding / planting of the crop, preferably at least 1 day before planting, preferably at least 2 days before, particularly at least 4 days before, or from 6 months to 1 day before emergence, particularly from 4 months to 2 days before emergence, more preferably from 4 months to 4 days before emergence. Of course, within that time frame, it is possible to repeat the burn-down application one or more times, for example 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 times.

[0087] A particular advantage of the mixtures of the present invention is that they have extremely good post-emergence herbicidal activity, i.e., they exhibit excellent herbicidal activity against emerged unwanted plants. Thus, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mixtures of the present invention are applied post-emergence, i.e., during and / or after the emergence of unwanted plants. It is particularly advantageous to apply the mixtures of the present invention post-emergence, i.e., from the time when the unwanted plants begin to develop leaves until they flower. The mixtures of the present invention are used to control unwanted vegetation that has already developed to a state where it is difficult to control with conventional burn-down mixtures (i.e., when individual weeds are taller than 10 cm (4 inches) or even taller than 15 cm (6 inches)), and / or are particularly useful against dense weed populations.

[0088] In the case of post-emergence treatment of plants, the mixtures of the present invention are preferably applied by foliar application.

[0089] If active compounds I and II are not sufficiently tolerated by a particular crop, an application technique can be used in which the herbicide composition is sprayed using a spraying device in such a way that the active compounds reach the leaves of unwanted plants growing under the crop or the surface of the open-field soil, but come into contact with the leaves of the sensitive crop as little as possible (post-directed, lay-by). In addition, a spray shield can also be used.

[0090] The application can be carried out, for example, by conventional spraying techniques using water as a carrier, usually using an amount of spray mixture of 10 - 2000 L / ha, in particular 50 - 1000 L / ha.

[0091] The required application rate of the pure active compound mixture depends on the density of the unwanted vegetation, the stage of development of the plants, the climatic conditions at the location where the mixture is used, and the application method. Generally, the application rate of the mixture is 55 - 6000 g / ha, preferably 100 - 5000 g / ha, 200 - 4000 g / ha, more preferably 300 - 3000 g / ha of active ingredient (a.i.).

[0092] When using the mixture of the present invention in the method of the present invention, the active compounds present in the mixture of the present invention can be applied simultaneously or successively at locations where unwanted vegetation may occur. In the present specification, whether the individual compounds present in the mixture of the present invention are formulated together or separately, and whether they are applied together or separately, and further, in the case of separate applications, in what order the applications are carried out, is not important. The only requirement is that the individual compounds present in the mixture of the present invention are applied within a time frame that allows for the simultaneous action of the active ingredients on unwanted plants.

[0093] As described above, the mixture of the present invention has several advantages, namely enhanced herbicidal action, when compared to a mixture of racemic glufosinate and herbicide compound II.

[0094] Furthermore, the mixture of the present invention exhibits persistent herbicidal activity even under severe weathering conditions, which allows for more flexible application in burn-down applications and minimizes the risk of weed escaping. Apart from that, the mixture of the present invention shows excellent crop compatibility with certain conventional and herbicide-tolerant crops, i.e., the use of the mixture of the present invention in these crops results in a reduction in crop damage and / or does not result in an increase in crop damage. Therefore, the mixture of the present invention can also be applied after crop emergence. The mixture of the present invention can also exhibit a rapid action against harmful plants, i.e., the mixture of the present invention can cause damage to harmful plants more rapidly when compared to a mixture of racemic glufosinate and herbicide compound II.

[0095] Both the individual L - glufosinate and the mixtures of the present invention in the method of the present invention are effective against monocotyledonous weeds, especially annual weeds, such as Gramineae weeds (Gramineae plants), such as species of the genus Echinochloa, such as barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crusgalli var. crus - galli), Echinochloa walteri (Pursh) Heller, jungle rice (Echinochloa colona), Echinochloa crus - pavonis, Echinochloa oryzicola, species of the genus Digitaria, such as crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis), Digitaria horizontalis, sourgrass (Digitaria insularis) or naked crabgrass (Digitaria nuda), species of the genus Setaria, such as green foxtail (Setaria viridis), giant foxtail (Setaria faberii), yellow foxtail (Setaria glauca or Setaria pumila) or Setaria verticillata, species of the genus Sorghum, such as johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense Pers.), species of the genus Avena, such as wild oat (Avena fatua), Avena sterillis or Avena strigosa, species of the genus Cenchrus, such as field sandbur (Cenchrus pauciflorus) or Cenchrus echinatus, species of the genus Bromus, such as Bromusjaponicus Thunb), Bromus sterilis or Bromus tectorum, species of the genus Lolium, species of the genus Phalaris, such as Phalaris brachystachys, Phalaris minor or Phalaris persicaria, species of the genus Eriochloa, species of the genus Panicum, such as fall panicum (Panicum dichotomiflorum), Panicum fasciculatum or Panicum maximum, species of the genus Brachiaria, annual bluegrass (Poa annua), species of the genus Alopecurus, such as blackgrass (Alopecurus myosuroides), Alopecurus aequalis Sobol or Alopecurus japonicus Steud, species of the genus Aegilops, such as Aegilops cylindrica or Aegylops tauschii, Apera spica-venti, Eleusine indica, Cynodon dactylon, couch grass (Agropyron repens or Elymus repens), Agrostis alba, Beckmannia syzigachne (Steud.) Fernald, species of the genus Chloris, such as Chloris virgata, Species of the genus Commelina, such as Commelina benghalensis, Commelina communis, Commelina diffusa or Commelina erecta, Dactyloctenium aegyptium, Hordeum jubatum, Hordeum leporinum, Imperata cylindrica, Ischaemum rogusum, Ixophorus unisetus, Leersia hexandra, Leersia japonica, species of the genus Leptochloa, such as Leptochloa chinensis, Leptochloa fascicularis, Leptochloa filiformis or Leptochloa panicoides, species of the genus Lolium, such as Lolium multiflorum, Lolium perenne, Lolium persicum or rigid ryegrass (Lolium rigidum), Luziola subintegra, Murdannia nudiflora (L.) Brenan, Oryza latifolia, Oryza rufipogon, Paspalum distichum, species of the genus Paspalum, Pennisetum americanum, Pennisetum purpureum, Phleum paniculatum, Phragmites australia, Ploypogon fugax.N.) It is suitable for controlling a number of harmful plants in crops, including species of the genus Poa, such as Poa annua or Poa trivialis L., Puccinellia distans, Rottboellia cochinchinensis, Sclerochloa kengiana (Ohwi) Tzvel., Trichloris crinita, species of the genus Urochloa or Brachiaria, such as Brachiaria decumbens, Brachiaria plantaginea, Brachiaria platyphylla, Urochloa panicoides, Urochloa ramosa, etc.

[0096] Both the individual L - glufosinate and the mixtures of the invention are effective against a number of dicotyledonous weeds, in particular species of the genus Polygonum, such as wild buckwheat (Polygonum convolvolus), Polygonum pensilvanicum, Polygonum persicaria or prostrate knotweed (Polygonum aviculare), species of the genus Amaranthus, such as pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus), Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri), tall waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus or Amaranthus rudis), redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus), green amaranth (Amaranthus hybridus), purple amaranth (Amaranthus lividus), prickly amaranth (Amaranthus spinosus) or Amaranthus quitensis, species of the genus Chenopodium, such as common lambsquarter (Chenopodium album L.), Chenopodium serotinum or quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa), species of the genus Sida, such as prickly sida (Sida spinosa L.), species of the genus Ambrosia, such as common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) or giant ragweed (Ambrosiaspecies of Bidens, species of Acanthospermum, species of Anthemis such as Anthemis arvensis or Anthemis cotula, species of Atriplex, species of Cirsium such as Cirsium arvense, species of Convolvulus such as Convolvulus arvensis (field bindweed), species of Conyza such as Conyza canadensis (Erigeron canadensis) or Conyza bonariensis (Erigeron bonariensis) (hairy fleabane), species of Cassia, species of Datura such as Datura stramonium (jimsonweed), species of Euphorbia such as Euphorbia dentata (toothed spurge), Euphorbia hirta, Euphorbia helioscopia or Euphorbia heterophylla (fireplant), species of Geranium such as Geranium donianum or Geranium pusillum, species of Galinsoga, species of Ipomoea (morning glory), species of Lamium such as Lamium amplexicaule (henbit dead-nettle), species of Malva such as Malva neglecta (dwarf mallow) or Malva parviflora (cheeseweed), Species of the genus Matricaria, such as chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla) or Matricaria inodora, species of the genus Sysimbrium, species of the genus Solanum, such as black nightshade (Solanum nigrum), species of the genus Xanthium, species of the genus Veronica, such as Veronica polita, species of the genus Viola, common chickweed (Stellaria media), velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti), species of the genus Sesbania, such as Sesbania exaltata, Sesbania herbacea or hemp sesbania (Sesbania exaltata Cory), Anoda cristata, species of the genus Bidens, such as Bidens frondosa or Bidens pilosa, Brassica kaber, species of the genus Capsella, such as Capsella media or Capsella bursa - pastoris, Centaurea cyanus, Galeopsis tetrahit, Galium aparine, Helianthus annuus, Desmodium tortuosum, Kochia scoparia, Mercurialis annua, Myosotis arvensis, Papaver rhoeas, species of the genus Raphanus, such as wild radish (Raphanusspecies of Raphanistrum, species of Salsola, such as Salsola tragus or Salsola kali, Sinapis arvensis, species of Sonchus, such as Sonchus asper, Sonchus arvensis or Sonchus oleraceus, Thlaspi arvense, Tagetes minuta, species of Richardia, such as Richardia scabra or Richardia brasiliensis, species of Aeschynomeme, such as Aeschynomene denticulata, Aeschynomene indica, or Aeschynomene rudis, Species of the genus Alisma, such as Alisma canaliculatum or Alisma plantago-aquatica, species of the genus Borreria, such as Borreria verticillata, Brassica rapa, Carduus acanthoides, Parietaria debilis, Portulaca oleracea, species of the genus Ipomoea, such as Ipomoea grandifolia, Ipomoea hederacea, Ipomoea indivisa, Ipomoea lacunose, Ipomoea lonchophylla or Ipomoea wrightii, Senna obtusifolia, species of the genus Sida, such as arrowleaf sida (Sida rhombifolia) or prickly sida (Sida spinosa), Spermacoce latifolia, Tridax procumbens, Trianthema portulacastrum, Parthenium hysterophorus, Portulaca oleracea, Acalypha australis, Ammi majus, species of the genus Atriplex, species of the genus Orobanche, Mercurialis annua, Cirsium arvense, Calystegia sepium, Stellaria media, species of the genus Lamium, species of the genus Viola, CelosiaArgentea), Melampodium divaricatum, Cleome viscosa, Molugo verticilatus, Borhevia erecta, species of the genus Gomphrena, Nicandra physalodes, Ricinus communis, Geranium dissectum, species of the genus Alternanthera, such as Alternanthera philoxeroides or Alternanthera tenella, species of the genus Ammannia, such as Ammania coccinea, Anacamtodon fortunei Mitt., Anagallis arvensis, Aneilema keisak, Arenaria serpyllifolia, Argemone mexicana, Asphodelus tenuifolius, Atriplex patula, Bacopa rotundifolia, Brassica napus, Species of Caperonia, such as Caperonia castaneifolia or Caperonia palustris, Cephalanoplos segetum, Corynopus didymus, Crepis capillaris, Crepis tectorum, Croton lobatus, Descuminia sophia (L.), Descurainia pinnata, Echinodorus grandiflorus, Eclipta alba, Eclipta prostrata, Eichhornia crassipes, species of Eleocharis, Equisetum arvense, Fallopia convolvulus, Fallopia convolvulus, Heteranthera limosa, species of Jussiaea, Kallstroemia maxima, Lactuca serriola, Lathyrus aphaca, Launea mudicaulis, Leucas chinensis, Limnocharis flava, Lindernia dubia, Lindernia pyxidaria, Litospermum arvense, species of Ludwigia, such as Ludwigia octovallis, Macroptilium lathyroides, Malachium aquaticum (L.) species of Melilotus, Merremia aegyptia, Momordica charantia, Monochoria hastate, Monochoria vaginalis, species of Mucuna, Murdannia nudiflora, Oxalis neaei, species of Phylanthus, species of Physalis, Pistia stratiotes, Potamogeton distinctus, Rorippa islandica, Rotala indica, Rotala ramosior, Rumex dentatus, Rumex obtusifolius, Sagittaria montevidensis, Sagittaria pygmaea Miq., Sagittaria sagittifolia, Sagittaria trifolia L., Senecio vulgaris, Sicyos polyacanthus, Silene gallica, species of chenopoSisymbrium, such as Sisymbrium oficinale, species of Solanum, Spergula arvensis, Sphenoclea zeylanica, etc. It is also suitable for controlling broadleaf weeds, including species of Trianthema, Tripleurospermum inodorum, species of Veronica, such as Veronica persica or Veronica polita, Vicia sativa, etc.

[0097] Both the individual L-glufosinate and the inventive mixtures are also suitable for controlling numerous annual and perennial sedge weeds, including species of the genus Cyperus, such as purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus L.), yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus L.), hime-kugu (Cyperus brevifolius H.), sedge weed (Cyperus microiria Steud), rice flatsedge (Cyperus iria L.), Cyperus difformis, Cyperus difformis L., Cyperus esculentus, Cyperus ferax, Cyperus flavus, Cyperus iria, Cyperus lanceolatus, Cyperus odoratus, Cyperus rotundus, Cyperus serotinus Rottb., Eleocharis acicularis, Eleocharis kuroguwai, Fimbristylis dichotoma, Fimbristylis miliacea, Scirpus grossus, Scirpus juncoides, Scirpus juncoides Roxb, Scirpus maritimus or Bolboschoenus maritimus, Scirpus mucronatus or Schoenoplectus mucronatus, Scirpus planiculmis Fr.Schmidt, etc.

[0098] Both the individual L - glufosinate and the mixtures of the invention are suitable for controlling weeds that are resistant to commonly used herbicides, such as weeds resistant to glyphosate, auxin - inhibiting herbicides, such as 2,4 - D or dicamba, photosynthesis - inhibiting herbicides, such as atrazine, ALS - inhibiting herbicides, such as sulfonylureas, imidazolinones or triazolopyrimidines, ACC - ase inhibiting herbicides, such as clethodim, quizalofop - p - ethyl or pinoxaden, or protoporphyrinogen IX oxidase - inhibiting herbicides, such as sulfentrazone, flumioxazin, mesotrione or acifluorfen, for example, weeds listed in the International Survey of Resistant Weeds (http: / / www.weedscience.org / Summary / SpeciesbySOATable.aspx). In particular, they are resistant weeds listed in the International Survey of Resistant Weeds, such as ACC - ase - resistant barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus - galli), wild oat (Avena fatua), blackgrass (Alopecurus myosuroides), jungle rice (Echinochloa colona), Japanese blackgrass (Alopecurus japonicus), cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum), wall barley (Hordeum murinum), Indian sprangletop (Ischaemum rugosum), green foxtail (Setaria viridis), Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense), slender amur foxtail (Alopecurus aequalis), common couch (Apera spica - venti), wild oat (Avena sterilis), knotgrass (Beckmannia szygachne), ripgut brome (Bromus diandrus), large crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis), barnyard grass (Echinocloa oryzoides), barnyardgrass (EchinochloaPhyllopogon, Phalaris minor, Phalaris paradoxa, Setaria faberi, Setaria viridis, Brachypodium distachyon, Bromus diandrus, Bromus sterilis, Cynosurus echinatus, Digitaria insularis, Digitaria ischaemum, Leptochloa chinensis, Phalaris brachystachis, Rotboellia cochinchinensis, Digitaria ciliaris, Ehrharta longiflora, Eriochloa punctata, Leptochloa panicoides, Lolium persicum, Polypogon fugax, Sclerochloa kengiana, Snowdenia polystacha, Sorghum sudanese, and Brachiaria plantaginea, ALS inhibitor-resistant barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus-galli), annual bluegrass (Poa annua), wild oat (Avena fatua), blackgrass (Alopecurus myosuroides), jungle rice (Echinochloa colona), smooth pigweed (Amaranthus hybridus), Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri), redroot pigweed (Amaranthus rudis), tall fleabane (Conyza sumatrensis), redroot amaranth (Amaranthus retroflexus), common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisifolia), horseweed (Conyza canadensis), burningbush (Kochia scoparia), wild radish (Raphanus raphanistrum), field groundsel (Senecio vernalis), Japanese blackgrass (Alopecurus japonicus), beggarticks (Bidens pilosa), downy brome (Bromus tectorum), common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album), Argentinean fleabane (Conyza bonariensis), wall barley (Hordeum murinum), Indian sprangletop (Ischaemum rugosum), common groundsel (Senecio vulgaris), green foxtail (Setaria viridis), wild mustard (Sisymbrium orientale), johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense), shortawn foxtail (Alopecurus aequalis), frostweed (Amaranthus blitum), Powell amaranth (Amaranthus powellii), couch grass (Apera spica-venti), sterile oat (Avena sterilis), turnip (Brassica rapa), soft brome (Bromus diandrus), flixweed (Descurainia sophia), crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis), barnyard grass (Echinochloaoryzoides), Echinochloa phyllopogon, Euphorbia heterophylla, Lactuca serriola, Phalaris minor, Phalaris paradoxa, Setaria faberi, Setaria viridis, Sinapis arvensis, Solanum ptycanthum, Sonchus oleraceus, Stellaria media, Amaranthus blitoides, Amaranthus spinosus, Amaranthus viridis, Ambrosia trifida, Bidens subalternans, Bromus diandrus, Bromus sterilis, Capsella bursa-pastoris, Centaurea cyanus, Cynosurus echinatus, Cyperus difformis, Fimbristilis miliacea, Galeopsis tetrahit, Galium aparine, Galium spurium, Helianthus annuus, Hirschfeldia incana, Limnocharis flava, Limnophila erecta, Papaver rhoeas, Parthenium hysterophorus, Phalaris brachystachis, Polygonum convolvulus, Polygonum lapathifolium, Polygonum persicaria, Ranunculus acris, Rottboellia cochinchinensis, Sagittaria montevidensis, Salsola tragus, Schoenoplectus mucronatus, Setaria pumila, Sonchus asper, Xanthium strumarium, Ageratum conyzoides, Alisma canaliculatum, Alisma plantago-aquatica, Ammannia auriculata, Ammannia coccinea, Ammannia arvensis, Anthemis cotula, Bacopa rotundifolia, Bifora radians, Blyxa aubertii, Brassica tournefortii, Bromus japonicus, Bromus secalinus, Lithospermum arvense, Camelina microcarpa, Chamaesyce maculata, Chrysanthemum coronarium, ClidemiaHieracium pilosella, Crepis tectorum, Cuscuta pentagona, Cyperus brevifolis, Cyperus compressus, Cyperus esculentus, Cyperus iria, Cyperus odoratus, Damasonium minus, Diplotaxis erucoides, Diplotaxis tenuifolia, Dopatrum junceum, Echium plantagineum, Elatine triandra, Eleocharis acicularis, Erucaria hispanica, Erysimum repandum, Galium tricornutum, Iva xanthifolia, Ixophorus unisetus, Lamium amplexicaule, Limnophilia sessiliflora, Lindernia dubia, Lindernia micrantha, Lindernia procumbens, Ludwigia prostrata, Matricaria recutita, Mesembryanthemum crystallinum, Monochoria korsakowii, Monochoria vaginalis, Myosoton aquaticum, Neslia paniculata, Oryza sativa var.Sylvatica), Pentzia suffruticosa, Picris hieracioides, Raphanus sativus, Rapistrum rugosum, Rorippa indica, Rotala indica, Rotala pusilla, Rumex dentatus, Sagittaria guayensis, Sagittaria pygmaea, Sagittaria trifolia, Schoenoplectus fluviatilis, Schoenoplectus juncoides, Schoenoplectus wallichii, Sida spinosa, Silene gallica, Sinapis alba, Sisymbrium thellungii, Sorghum bicolor, Spergula arvensis, Thlaspi arvense, Tripleurospermum perforatum, Vaccaria hispanica, and Vicia sativa,. Photosynthesis inhibitor-resistant barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus-galli), annual bluegrass (Poa annua), blackgrass (Alopecurus myosuroides), jungle rice (Echinochloa colona), slender amaranth (Amaranthus hybridus), Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri), redroot amaranth (Amaranthus rudis), tall fleabane (Conyza sumatrensis), redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus), common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisifolia), horseweed (Conyza canadensis), burningbush (Kochia scoparia), wild radish (Raphanus raphanistrum), corn marigold (Senecio vernalis), Japanese blackgrass (Alopecurus japonicus), hairy beggarticks (Bidens pilosa), downy brome (Bromus tectorum), common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album), common fleabane (Conyza bonariensis), rugose ischaemum (Ischaemum rugosum), groundsel (Senecio vulgaris), green foxtail (Setaria viridis), oriental hedge mustard (Sisymbrium orientale), Amaranthus blitum, Amaranthus powellii, Apera spica-venti, Beckmannia syzigachne, Brassica rapa, Digitaria sanguinalis, Euphorbia heterophylla, Phalaris minor, Phalaris paradoxa, Setaria faberi, Setaria viridis, Sinapis arvensis, Solanum ptycanthum, Stellaria media, Amaranthus blitoides, Amaranthus viridis, Bidens subalternans, Brachypodium distachyon, Capsella bursa-pastoris, Chloris barbata, Cyperus difformis, Echinochloa erecta, Epilobium ciliatum, Polygonum aviculare, Polygonum convolvulus, Polygonum lapathifolium, Polygonum persicaria, Portulaca oleracea, Schoenoplectus mucronatus, Setaria pumila, Solanum nigrum, Sonchus asper, Urochloa panicoides, Vulpia bromoides, Abutilon theophrasti, Amaranthus albus, Amaranthus cruentus, Arabidopsis thaliana, Arenaria serpyllifolia, Bidens tripartita, Chenopodium album, Chenopodium ficifolium, Chenopodium polyspermum, Crypsis schoenoides, Datura stramonium, Epilobium tetragonum, Galinsoga ciliata, Matricaria discoidea, Panicum capillare, Panicum dichotomiflorum, Plantago lagopus, Polygonum hydropiper, Polygonum pensylvanicum, Polygonum monspeliensis, Rostraria smyrnacea, Rumex acetosella, Setaria verticillata, and Urtica urens, PS-I electron transfer inhibitor-resistant annual bluegrass (Poa annua), Sumatran fleabane (Conyza sumatrensis), Canadian fleabane (Conyza canadensis), Japanese foxtail (Alopecurus japonicus), hairy beggarticks (Bidens pilosa), bonariensis fleabane (Conyza bonariensis), wall barley (Hordeum murinum), rugose ischaemum (Ischaemum rugosum), purple amaranth (Amaranthus blitum), American nightshade (Solanum ptycanthum), capeweed (Arctotheca calendula), American willowherb (Epilobium ciliatum), whorled hedotis (Hedyotis verticillata), black nightshade (Solanum nigrum), small fescue (Vulpia bromoides), field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis), fireweed (Crassocephalum crepidioides), cuphea (Cuphea carthagensis), Philadelphia fleabane (Erigeron philadelphicus), Pennsylvania gamochaeta (Gamochaeta pensylvanica), dotted duckweed (Landoltia punctata), Virginia pepperweed (Lepidium virginicum), Faurie's mazus (Mazus fauriei), dwarf mazus (Mazus pumilus), hairy mitracarpus (Mitracarpus hirtus), hard brome (Sclerochloa dura), American nightshade (Solanum americanum), and Japanese hawksbeard (Youngia japonica), Glyphosate-resistant annual bluegrass (Poa annua), jungle rice (Echinochloa colona), smooth pigweed (Amaranthus hybridus), Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri), redroot pigweed (Amaranthus rudis), tall fleabane (Conyza sumatrensis), common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisifolia), horseweed (Conyza canadensis), burningbush (Kochia scoparia), wild radish (Raphanus raphanistrum), hairy beggarticks (Bidens pilosa), Argentinean fleabane (Conyza bonariensis), wall barley (Hordeum murinum), Sorghum halepense, Brassica rapa, Bromus diandrus, Lactuca serriola, Sonchus oleraceus, Amaranthus spinosus, Ambrosia trifida, Digitaria insularis, Hedyotis verticillata, Helianthus annuus, Parthenium hysterophorus, Plantago lanceolata, Salsola tragus, Urochloa panicoides, Brachiaria eruciformis, Bromus rubens, Chloris elata, Chloris truncata, Chloris virgata, Cynodon hirsutus, Lactuca saligna, Leptochloa virgata, Paspalum paniculatum, and Tridax procumbens, Echinochloa crus-galli, Poa annua, Avena fatua, Alopecurus myosuroides, Amaranthus palmeri, Setaria viridis, Sorghum halepense, Alopecurus aequalis, Beckmannia syzigachne, and Fumaria densifloria with resistance to microtubule assembly inhibitors,Auxin herbicide-resistant barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus-galli), jungle rice (Echinochloa colona), smooth pigweed (Amaranthus hybridus), redroot pigweed (Amaranthus rudis), tall fleabane (Conyza sumatrensis), summer cypress (Kochia scoparia), wild radish (Raphanus raphanistrum), common lambsquarters (Chenopodim album), field mustard (Sisymbrium orientale), tansymustard (Descurainia sophia), prickly lettuce (Lactuca serriola), charlock (Sinapis arvensis), sow thistle (Sonchus oleraceus), common chickweed (Stellaria media), capeweed (Arctotheca calendula), cornflower (Centaurea cyanus), smooth crabgrass (Digitaria ischaemum), small fimbry (Fimbristylis miliacea), common hemp nettle (Galeopsis tetrahit), cleavers (Galium aparine), yellow bedstraw (Galium spurium), false flax (Hirschfeldia incana), yellow waterlily (Limnocharis flava), erect waterlily (Limnocharis erecta), corn poppy (Papaver rhoeas), ribwort plantain (Plantago lanceolata), meadow buttercup (Ranunculus acris), musk thistle (Carduus nutans), clustered thistle (Carduus pycnocephalus), yellow starthistle (Centaurea soltitialis), Centaurea stoebe ssp.) Micranthos, Cirsium arvense, Commelina diffusa, Echinochloa crus-pavonis, Soliva sessilis, and Sphenoclea zeylanica, HPPD inhibitor-resistant Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) and redroot pigweed (Amaranthus rudis), PPO inhibitor-resistant copperleaf (Acalypha australis), smooth pigweed (Amaranthus hybridus), Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri), redroot amaranth (Amaranthus retroflexus), redroot pigweed (Amaranthus rudis), common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisifolia), wild oat (Avena fatua), tall fleabane (Conyza sumatrensis), flixweed (Descurainia sophia), painted euphorbia (Euphorbia heterophylla), and field groundsel (Senecio vernalis), Carotenoid biosynthesis inhibitor-resistant Hydrilla verticillata, wild radish (Raphanus raphanistrum), field groundsel (Senecio vernalis), and hedge mustard (Sisymbrium orientale), It is also suitable for controlling Alopecurus myosuroides, wild oat (Avena fatua), and barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus-galli) resistant to VLCFA inhibitors.

[0099] The mixture according to the invention is suitable for controlling / eradicating common harmful plants in fields where useful plants are grown (i.e., in crops). The mixture according to the invention is generally suitable for the burn - down of unwanted vegetation in fields of the following crops: - Cereal crops, such as - Wheat (Triticum aestivum) and wheat - like crops, such as durum wheat (T. durum), einkorn wheat (T. monococcum), emmer wheat (T. dicoccon), spelt wheat (T. spelta), rye (Secale cereale), triticale (Tritiosecale), barley (Hordeum vulgare) and other small - grain cereal crops; - Maize (corn; Zea mays); - Sorghum (e.g., Sorghum bicolour); - Rice (Oryza spp., such as Oryza sativa and Oryza glaberrima); and - Sugarcane etc., - Leguminous plants (Fabaceae), such as soybeans (Glycine max), peanuts (Arachis hypogaea), and pulse cereals, such as pea (Pisum sativum), chickpeas and lentils such as Lens culinaris var., broad beans (Vicia faba), Vigna spp., and Phaseolus spp., and lentils (Lens culinaris var.) etc.; - Brassicaceae, such as canola (Brassica napus), oilseed rape (OSR, Brassica napus), cabbage (B. oleracea var.), mustard greens (e.g., B. juncea), B. campestris, B. narinosa, B. nigra, and B. tournefortii; and turnip (Brassica rapa var.), etc.; - Other broadleaf crops, such as sunflower, cotton, flax, linseed, sugar beet, potato, and tomato, etc.; - TNV crops (TNV: trees, nuts, and vines), such as grapes, citrus fruits, pomaceous fruits (e.g., apples and pears, coffee, pistachio, and oil palm), stone fruits (e.g., peaches, almonds, walnuts, olives, cherries, plums, and apricots), etc.; - Turf, forage, and pasture land; - Onions and garlic; - Bulbous ornamental plants, such as tulips and daffodils; - Coniferous and deciduous trees, such as pine, fir, oak, maple, dogwood, hawthorn, crabapple, and cotoneaster (backthorn); and - Garden ornamental plants, such as roses, petunias, marigolds, and snapdragons.

[0100] The mixture according to the invention is particularly suitable for the burn - down of unwanted vegetation in the fields of the following crops: small - grain cereal crops (such as wheat, barley, rye, triticale and durum wheat, rice, etc.), corn, sugarcane, sorghum, soybeans, pulse cereals (such as chickpeas, beans and lentils), peanuts, sunflowers, sugar beets, potatoes, cotton, cruciferous crops (such as rapeseed, canola, mustard greens, cabbage and turnips), turf, forage, pasture, vines, pome fruits (such as apples and pears), stone fruits (such as peaches, almonds, walnuts, pecans, olives, cherries, plums and apricots), citrus fruits, coffee, pistachios, garden ornamental plants (such as roses, petunias, marigolds, snapdragons), bulbous ornamental plants (such as tulips and daffodils), coniferous and deciduous trees (such as pines, firs, oaks, maples, dogwoods, hawthorns, crabapples and cotoneasters).

[0101] The mixture according to the invention is most suitable for the burn - down of unwanted vegetation in the fields of the following crops: small - grain cereal crops, such as wheat, barley, rye, triticale and durum wheat, rice, corn, sugarcane, soybeans, pulse cereals (such as chickpeas, beans and lentils), peanuts, sunflowers, cotton, cruciferous crops (such as rapeseed, canola), turf, forage, pasture, vines, stone fruits (such as peaches, almonds, walnuts, pecans, olives, cherries, plums and apricots), citrus fruits and pistachios.

[0102] The invention further relates to the use of the mixture as defined herein for controlling unwanted vegetation in crops in a burn - down program, wherein the crops are produced by genetic engineering or breeding and are resistant to one or more herbicides and / or pathogens such as phytopathogenic fungi and / or attacks by insects; preferably resistant to glufosinate.

[0103] Thus, as used in the present invention, the term "crop" as used herein also encompasses (crop) plants that have been modified by mutagenesis or genetic engineering to provide new traits to the plant or to modify existing traits.

[0104] Examples of mutagenesis include techniques for random mutagenesis using X-rays or mutagenic chemicals, and further techniques for targeted mutagenesis for generating mutations at specific loci in the plant genome. Targeted mutagenesis techniques often use oligonucleotides or proteins such as CRISPR / Cas, zinc finger nucleases, TALENs or meganucleases to obtain a targeted effect.

[0105] Genetic engineering typically uses recombinant DNA technology to generate mutations in the plant genome that are not easily obtained by cross-breeding, mutagenesis or natural recombination under natural environmental conditions. Typically, one or more genes are incorporated into the plant's genome to add or improve traits. These incorporated genes are also referred to as transgenes in the art, and plants containing such transgenes are referred to as transgenic plants. Methods of plant transformation usually result in several transformation events with different genomic loci where the transgene is incorporated. Plants containing a specific transgene at a specific genomic locus are usually described as containing a specific "event" named after the specific event. Examples of traits introduced or modified in plants include, in particular, herbicide tolerance, insect resistance, increased yield and tolerance to abiotic conditions such as drought.

[0106] Herbicide tolerance has been generated by using mutagenesis as well as by using genetic engineering. Plants that are tolerant to acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitor herbicides by conventional mutagenesis methods and breeding methods include plant varieties that are commercially available under the name Clearfield®. However, most herbicide tolerance traits have been generated by the use of transgenes.

[0107] Herbicide tolerance has been generated against glyphosate, glufosinate, 2,4-D, dicamba, oxynil herbicides (such as bromoxynil and ioxynil), sulfonylurea herbicides, ALS inhibitor herbicides, and 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD) inhibitors (such as isoxaflutole and mesotrione).

[0108] Transgenes that have been used to provide herbicide tolerance traits include the following: transgenes for tolerance to glyphosate: cp4 epsps, epsps grg23ace5, mepsps, 2mepsps, gat4601, gat4621, and goxv247; transgenes for tolerance to glufosinate: pat and bar; transgenes for tolerance to 2,4-D: aad-1 and aad-12; transgenes for tolerance to dicamba: dmo; transgenes for tolerance to oxynil herbicides: bxn; transgenes for tolerance to sulfonylurea herbicides: zm-hra, csr1-2, gm-hra, S4-HrA; transgenes for tolerance to ALS inhibitor herbicides: csr1-2; transgenes for tolerance to HPPD inhibitor herbicides: hppdPF, W336, and avhppd-03.

[0109] Transgenic corn events containing herbicide tolerance genes include, for example, but are not limited to, DAS40278, MON801, MON802, MON809, MON810, MON832, MON87411, MON87419, MON87427, MON88017, MON89034, NK603, GA21, MZHG0JG, HCEM485, VCO-φ1981-5, 676, 678, 680, 33121, 4114, 59122, 98140, Bt10, Bt176, CBH-351, DBT418, DLL25, MS3, MS6, MZIR098, T25, TC1507 and TC6275.

[0110] Transgenic soybean events containing herbicide tolerance genes include, for example, but are not limited to, GTS 40-3-2, MON87705, MON87708, MON87712, MON87769, MON89788, A2704-12, A2704-21, A5547-127, A5547-35, DP356043, DAS44406-6, DAS68416-4, DAS-81419-2, GU262, SYHTφH2, W62, W98, FG72 and CV127.

[0111] Transgenic cotton events containing herbicide tolerance genes include, for example, but are not limited to, 19-51a, 31707, 42317, 81910, 281-24-236, 3006-210-23, BXN10211, BXN10215, BXN10222, BXN10224, MON1445, MON1698, MON88701, MON88913, GHB119, GHB614, LLCotton25, T303-3 and T304-40.

[0112] Transgenic canola events containing herbicide tolerance genes include, for example, but are not limited to, MON88302, HCR-1, HCN10, HCN28, HCN92, MS1, MS8, PHY14, PHY23, PHY35, PHY36, RF1, RF2 and RF3.

[0113] Insect resistance is mainly generated by transferring bacterial genes of insecticidal proteins into plants. The most frequently used transgenes are toxin genes of Bacillus species and their synthetic variants, such as cry1A, cry1Ab, cry1Ab-Ac, cry1Ac, cry1A.105, cry1F, cry1Fa2, cry2Ab2, cry2Ae, mcry3A, ecry3.1Ab, cry3Bb1, cry34Ab1, cry35Ab1, cry9C, vip3A(a), vip3Aa20, etc. However, genes derived from plants are also being transferred to other plants. In particular, genes encoding protease inhibitors such as CpTI and pinII. A further approach is to use transgenes to generate double-stranded RNAs that target and down-regulate insect genes in plants. An example of such a transgene is dvsnf7.

[0114] Transgenic maize events containing genes for insecticidal proteins or double-stranded RNAs are, for example, but not excluding others, Bt10, Bt11, Bt176, MON801, MON802, MON809, MON810, MON863, MON87411, MON88017, MON89034, 33121, 4114, 5307, 59122, TC1507, TC6275, CBH-351, MIR162, DBT418 and MZIR098.

[0115] Transgenic soybean events containing genes for insecticidal proteins are, for example, but not excluding others, MON87701, MON87751 and DAS-81419.

[0116] Transgenic cotton events containing genes for insecticidal proteins include, for example, but are not limited to, SGK321, MON531, MON757, MON1076, MON15985, 31707, 31803, 31807, 31808, 42317, BNLA-601, Event1, COT67B, COT102, T303-3, T304-40, GFM Cry1A, GK12, MLS 9124, 281-24-236, 3006-210-23, GHB119 and SGK321.

[0117] The increased yield is generated by increasing the ear biomass using the transgene athb17 present in the maize event MON87403, or by enhancing photosynthesis using the transgene bbx32 present in the soybean event MON87712.

[0118] Crops with modified oil content have been created by using the transgenes: gm-fad2-1, Pj.D6D, Nc.Fad3, fad2-1A and fatb1-A. Soybean events containing at least one of these genes are: 260-05, MON87705 and MON87769.

[0119] Tolerance to abiotic conditions, particularly drought, has been generated by using the transgene cspB contained in the maize event MON87460 and also by using the transgene Hahb-4 contained in the soybean event IND-φφ41φ-5.

[0120] Traits are often combined by combining genes in one transformation event or by combining different events during the breeding process. Preferred combinations of traits are combinations of herbicide tolerance to different groups of herbicides, insect tolerance to different types of insects (particularly tolerance to Lepidoptera insects and Coleoptera insects), herbicide tolerance and one or several types of insect resistance, herbicide tolerance and increased yield, and herbicide tolerance and tolerance to abiotic conditions.

[0121] Plants containing specific traits or stacked traits, as well as the genes and events providing these traits, are well known in the art. For example, detailed information regarding mutated or integrated genes and each event can be obtained from the websites of the International Service for the Acquisition of Agri-biotech Applications (ISAAA) (http: / / www.isaaa.org / gmapprovaldatabase) and the Center for Environmental Risk Assessment (CERA) (http: / / cera-gmc.org / GMCropDatabase), as well as from patent applications such as European Patent No. 3028573 and International Publication No. 2017 / 011288 pamphlet.

[0122] The use of the mixtures of the present invention on crops can result in effects specific to crops containing certain genes or events. These effects can also include changes in growth behavior, or changes in resistance to biological stress factors or abiotic stress factors. Such effects can in particular include enhanced yield, enhanced resistance, or tolerance to insect pathogens, nematode pathogens, fungal pathogens, bacterial pathogens, mycoplasma pathogens, viral pathogens or viroid pathogens, as well as early vigour, early or delayed ripening, cold tolerance or heat tolerance, and changes in the spectrum or content of amino acids or fatty acids.

[0123] Furthermore, by the use of recombinant DNA technology, in particular for improving raw material production, plants containing modified amounts of components or new components are also included, such as potatoes producing increased amounts of amylopectin (e.g., Amflora® potato, BASF SE, Germany).

[0124] Preferred are crops that are resistant to glufosinate, where the glufosinate-resistant crops are preferably selected from the group consisting of rice, canola, soybean, corn and cotton plants.

[0125] Transgenic maize events containing the glufosinate tolerance gene include, for example, 5307×MIR604×Bt11×TC1507×GA21×MIR162 (event code: SYN-φ53φ7-1×SYN-IR6φ4-5×SYN-BTφ11-1×DAS-φ15φ7-1×MON-φφφ21-9×SYN-IR162-4, gene: pat, commercially available as, for example, Agrisure® Duracade™ 5222), 59122 (event code: DAS-59122-7, gene: pat, commercially available as, for example, Herculex™ RW), 5307×MIR604×Bt11×TC1507×GA21 (event code: SYN-φ53φ7-1×SYN-IR6φ4-5×SYN-BTφ11-1×DAS-φ15φ7-1×MON-φφφ21-9, gene: pat, commercially available as, for example, Agrisure® Duracade™ 5122), 59122×NK603 (event code: DAS-59122-7×MON-φφ6φ3-6, gene: pat, for example, Herculex™ RW RoundupReady (trademark), commercially available as such; Bt10 (gene: pat, commercially available as Bt10 for example); Bt11 (X4334CBR, X4734CBR) (event code: SYN-BTφ11-1, gene: pat, commercially available as Agrisure (trademark) CB / LL for example); BT11×59122×MIR604×TC1507×GA21 (event code: SYN-BTφ11-1×DAS-59122-7×SYN-IR6φ4-5×DAS-φ15φ7-1×MON-φφφ21-9, gene: pat, commercially available as Agrisure (registered trademark) 3122 for example); Bt11×GA21 (event code: SYN-BTφ11-1×MON-φφφ21-9, gene: pat, commercially available as Agrisure (trademark) GT / CB / LL for example); Bt11×MIR162 (event code: SYN-BTφ11-1×SYN-IR162-4, gene: pat, commercially available as Agrisure (registered trademark) Viptera (trademark) 2100 for example); Bt11×MIR162×GA21 (event code: SYN-BTφ11-1×SYN-IR162-4×MON-φφφ21-9, gene: pat, commercially available as Agrisure (registered trademark) Viptera (trademark) 3110 for example); BT11×MIR162×MIR604 (event code: SYN-BTφ11-1×SYN-IR162-4×SYN-IR6φ4-5, gene: pat, commercially available as Agrisure (registered trademark) Viptera (trademark) 3100 for example); Bt11×MIR162×MIR604×GA21 (event code: SYN-BTφ11-1×SYN-IR162-4×SYN-IR6φ4-5×MON-φφφ21-9, gene: pat, commercially available as Agrisure (registered trademark) Viptera (trademark) 3111, Agrisure (registered trademark) Viptera (trademark) 4 for example); Bt11×MIR162×TC1507×GA21 (event code: SYN-BTφ11-1×SYN-IR162-4×DAS-φ15φ7-1×MON-φφφ21-9, gene: pat, commercially available as Agrisure (trademark) Viptera 3220 for example); Bt11×MIR604 (Event code: SYN - BTφ11 - 1×SYN - IR6φ4 - 5, gene: pat, commercially available as, for example, Agrisure™ CB / LL / RW), BT11×MIR604×GA21 (Event code: SYN - BTφ11 - 1×SYN - IR6φ4 - 5×MON - φφφ21 - 9, gene: pat, commercially available as, for example, Agrisure™ 3000GT), Bt176(176) (Event code: SYN - EV176 - 9, gene: bar, commercially available as, for example, NaturGard KnockOut™, Maximizer™), CBH - 351 (Event code: ACS - ZMφφ4 - 3, gene: bar, commercially available as, for example, Starlink™ Maize), DBT418 (Event code: DKB - 89614 - 9, gene: bar, commercially available as, for example, Bt Xtra™ Maize), MON89034×TC1507×MON88017×59122 (Event code: MON - 89φ34 - 3×DAS - φ15φ7 - 1×MON - 88φ17 - 3×DAS - 59122 - 7, gene: pat, commercially available as, for example, Genuity® SmartStax™), MON89034×TC1507×NK603 (Event code: MON - 89φ34 - 3×DAS - φ15φ7 - 1×MON - φφ6φ3 - 6, gene: pat, commercially available as, for example, Power Core™), NK603×T25 (Event code: MON - φφ6φ3 - 6×ACS - ZMφφ3 - 2, gene: pat, commercially available as, for example, Roundup Ready® Liberty Link® Maize), T14 (Event code: ACS - ZMφφ2 - 1, gene: pat, commercially available as, for example, Liberty Link® Maize), T25 (Event code: ACS - ZMφφ3 - 2, gene: pat, commercially available as, for example, Liberty Link® Maize), T25×MON810 (Event code: ACS - ZMφφ3 - 2×MON - φφ81φ - 6, gene: pat, for example, LibertyLink (trademark), commercially available as Yieldgard (trademark) Maize, TC1507 (Event code: DAS-φ15φ7-1, gene: pat, commercially available as, for example, Herculex (trademark) I, Herculex (trademark) CB), TC1507×59122×MON810×MIR604×NK603 (Event code: DAS-φ15φ7-1×DAS-59122-7×MON-φφ81φ-6×SYN-IR6φ4-5×MON-φφ6φ3, gene: pat, commercially available as, for example, Optimum (trademark) Intrasect Xtreme), TC1507×59122 (Event code: DAS-φ15φ7-1×DAS-59122-7, gene: pat, commercially available as, for example, Herculex XTRA (trademark)), TC1507×59122×MON810×NK603 (Event code: DAS-φ15φ7-1×DAS-59122-7×MON-φφ81φ-6×MON-φφ6φ3-6, gene: pat, commercially available as, for example, Optimum (trademark) Intrasect XTRA), TC1507×59122×NK603 (Event code: DAS-φ15φ7-1×DAS-59122-7×MON-φφ6φ3-6, gene: pat, commercially available as, for example, Herculex XTRA (trademark) RR), TC1507×MIR604×NK603 (Event code: DAS-φ15φ7-1×SYN-IR6φ4-5×MON-φφ6φ3-6, gene: pat, commercially available as, for example, Optimum (trademark) TRIsect), TC1507×MON810×NK603 (Event code: DAS-φ15φ7-1×MON-φφ81φ-6×MON-φφ6φ3-6, gene: pat, commercially available as, for example, Optimum (trademark) Intrasect) TC1507×NK603 (Event code: DAS-φ15φ7-1×MON-φφ6φ3-6, gene: pat, commercially available as, for example, Herculex™ I RR), 3272×Bt11 (Event code: SYN-E3272-5×SYN-BTφ11-1, gene: pat), 3272×Bt11×GA21 (Event code: SYN-E3272-5×SYN-BTφ11-1×MON-φφφ21-9, gene: pat), 3272×Bt11×MIR604 (Event code: SYN-E3272-5×SYN-BTφ11-1×SYN-IR6φ4-5, gene: pat), 3272×BT11×MIR604×GA21 (Event code: SYN-E3272-5×SYN-BTφ11-1×SYN-IR6φ4-5×MON-φφφ21-9, gene: pat), 33121 (Event code: DP-φ33121-3, gene: pat), 4114 (Event code: DP-φφ4114-3, gene: pat), 59122×GA21 (Event code: DAS-59122-7×MON-φφφ21-9, gene: pat), 59122×MIR604 (Event code: DAS-59122-7×SYN-IR6φ4-5, gene: pat), 5307×MIR604×Bt11×TC1507×GA21×MIR162 (Event code: gene: pat), 59122×MIR604×GA21 (Event code: DAS-59122-7×SYN-IR6φ4-5×MON-φφφ21-9, gene: pat), 59122×MIR604×TC1507 (Event code: DAS-59122-7×SYN-IR6φ4-5×DAS-φ15φ7-1, gene: pat), 59122×MIR604×TC1507×GA21 (Event code: gene: pat), (Event code: DAS-59122-7×SYN-IR6φ4-5×DAS-φ15φ7-1×MON-φφφ21-9, gene: pat), 59122×MON810 (Event code: DAS-59122-7×MON-φφ81φ-6, gene: pat), 59122×MON810×NK603 (Event code: DAS-59122-7×MON-φφ81φ-6×MON-φφ6φ3-6, gene: pat), 59122×TC1507×GA21 (Event code: DAS-59122-7×DAS-φ15φ7-1×MON-φφφ21-9, gene: pat),676 (Event Code: PH-φφφ676-7, Gene: pat), 678 (Event Code: PH-φφφ678-9, Gene: pat), 680 (Event Code: PH-φφφ68φ-2, Gene: pat), 98140×59122 (Event Code: DP-φ9814φ-6×DAS-59122-7, Gene: pat), 98140×TC1507 (Event Code: DP-φ9814φ-6×DAS-φ15φ7-1, Gene: pat), 98140×TC1507×59122 (Event Code: DP-φ9814φ-6×DAS-φ15φ7-1×DAS-59122-7, Gene: pat), 59122×MON88017 (Event Code: DAS-59122-7×MON-88φ17-3, Gene: pat), Bt11×59122 (Event code: SYN - BTφ11 - 1×DAS - 59122 - 7, Gene: pat), Bt11×59122×GA21 (Event code: SYN - BTφ11 - 1×DAS - 59122 - 7×MON - φφφ21 - 9, Gene: pat), Bt11×59122×MIR604 (Event code: SYN - BTφ11 - 1×DAS - 59122 - 7×SYN - IR6φ4 - 5, Gene: pat), Bt11×59122×MIR604×GA21 (Event code: SYN - BTφ11 - 1×DAS - 59122 - 7×SYN - IR6φ4 - 5×MON - φφφ21 - 9, Gene: pat), Bt11×59122×MIR604×TC1507 (Event code: Bt11×59122×MIR604×TC1507, Gene: pat), Bt11×59122×TC1507 (Event code: SYN - BTφ11 - 1×DAS - 59122 - 7×DAS - φ15φ7 - 1, Gene: pat), Bt11×59122×TC1507×GA21 (Event code: SYN - BTφ11 - 1×DAS - 59122 - 7×DAS - φ15φ7 - 1×MON - φφφ21 - 9, Gene: pat), Bt11×MIR162×TC1507 (Event code: SYN - BTφ11 - 1×SYN - IR162 - 4×DAS - φ15φ7 - 1, Gene: pat), Bt11×MIR604×TC1507 (Event code: SYN - BTφ11 - 1×SYN - IR6φ4 - 5×DAS - φ15φ7 - 1, Gene: pat), Bt11×TC1507 (Event code: SYN - BTφ11 - 1×DAS - φ15φ7 - 1, Gene: pat), Bt11×TC1507×GA21 (Event code: SYN - BTφ11 - 1×DAS - φ15φ7 - 1×MON - φφφ21 - 9, Gene: pat), GA21×T25 (Event code: MON - φφφ21 - 9×ACS - ZMφφ3 - 2, Gene: pat), MIR162×TC1507 (Event code: SYN - IR162 - 4×DAS - φ15φ7 - 1, Gene: pat), MIR162×TC1507×GA21 (Event code: SYN - IR162 - 4×DAS - φ15φ7 - 1×MON - φφφ21 - 9, Gene: pat), MIR604×TC1507 (Event code: SYN - IR6φ4 - 5×DAS - φ15φ7 - 1, Gene: pat),MON87427×MON89φ34×TC15φ7×MON88φ17×59122 (Event Code: MON-87427-7×MON-89φ34-3×DAS-φ15φ7-1×MON-88φ17-3×DAS-59122-7, Gene: pat), MON89034×59122 (Event Code: MON-89φ34-3×DAS-59122-7, Gene: pat), MON89034×59122×MON88017 (Event Code: Gene: pat), MON89034×TC1507 (Event Code: MON-89φ34-3×DAS-59122-7×MON-88φ17-3, Gene: pat), (Event Code: MON-89φ34-3×DAS-φ15φ7-1, Gene: pat), MIR604×TC1507 (Event Code: SYN-IR6φ4-5×DAS-φ15φ7-1, Gene: pat), MON87427×MON89φ34×TC15φ7×MON88φ17×59122 (Event Code: MON-87427-7×MON-89φ34-3×DAS-φ15φ7-1×MON-88φ17-3×DAS-59122-7, Gene: pat), MON89034×59122 (Event Code: MON-89φ34-3×DAS-59122-7, Gene: pat), MON89034×59122×MON88017 (Event Code: Gene: pat), MON89034×TC1507 (Event Code: MON-89φ34-3×DAS-59122-7×MON-88φ17-3, Gene: pat), (Event Code: MON-89φ34-3×DAS-φ15φ7-1, Gene: pat), DLL25(B16) (Event Code: DKB-8979φ-5, Gene: bar), MIR604×TC1507 (Event Code: SYN-IR6φ4-5×DAS-φ15φ7-1, Gene: pat), MON87427×MON89φ34×TC15φ7×MON88φ17×59122 (Event Code: MON-87427-7×MON-89φ34-3×DAS-φ15φ7-1×MON-88φ17-3×DAS-59122-7, Gene: pat), MON89034×59122 (Event Code: MON-89φ34-3×DAS-59122-7, Gene: pat), MON89034×59122×MON88017 (Event Code: MON-89φ34-3×DAS-59122-7×MON-88φ17-3, Gene: pat), MON89034×TC1507 (Event Code: MON-89φ34-3×DAS-φ15φ7-1, Gene: pat), MON89034×TC1507×59122 (Event Code: MON-89φ34-3×DAS-φ15φ7-1×DAS-59122-7, gene: pat), MON89034×TC1507×MON88017 (event code: MON-89φ34-3×DAS-φ15φ7-1×MON-88φ17-3, gene: pat), MON89034×TC1507×MON88017×59122×DAS40278 (event code: MON-89φ34-3×DAS-φ15φ7-1×MON-88φ17-3×DAS-59122-7×DAS-4φ278-9, gene: pat), MON89034×TC1507×MON88017×DAS40278 (event code: MON-89φ34-3×DAS-φ15φ7-1×MON-88φ17-3×DAS-59122-7×DAS-4φ278-9, gene: pat), MON89034×TC1507×NK603×DAS40278 (event code: MON-89φ34-3×DAS-φ15φ7-1×MON-φφ6φ3-6×DAS-4φ278-9, gene: pat), NK603×MON810×4114×MIR 604 (event code: MON-00603-6×MON-00810-6×DP004114-3×SYN-IR604-4, gene: pat), TC1507×MON810×MIR604×NK603 (event code: DAS-φ15φ7-1×MON-φφ81φ-6×SYN-IR6φ4-5×MON-φφ6φ3-6, gene: pat), TC1507×59122×MON810 (event code: DAS-φ15φ7-1×DAS-59122-7×MON-φφ81φ-6, gene: pat), TC1507×59122×MON88017 (event code: DAS-φ15φ7-1×DAS-59122-7×MON-88φ17-3, gene: pat), TC1507×GA21 (event code: DAS-φ15φ7-1×MON-φφφ21-9, gene: pat), TC1507×MON810 (Incident Code: DAS-φ15φ7-1×MON-φφ81φ-6, Gene: pat), TC1507×MON810×MIR162×NK603 (Incident Code: DAS-φ15φ7-1×MON-φφ81φ-6×SYN-IR162-4×MON-φφ6φ3-6, Gene: pat), 3272×Bt11×MIR604×TC1507×5307×GA21 (Incident Code: SYN-E3272-5×SYN-BTφ11-1×SYN-IR6φ4-5×DAS-φ15φ7-1×SYN-φ53φ7-1×MON-φφφ21-9, Gene: pat), TC1507×MIR162×NK603 (Incident Code: DAS-φ15φ7-1×SYN-IR162-4×MON-φφ6φ3-6, Gene: pat), TC1507×MON810×MIR162 (Incident Code: DAS-φ15φ7-1×MON-φφ81φ-6×SYN-IR162-4, Gene: pat), MON87419 (Incident Code: MON87419-8, Gene: pat), TC1507×MON88017 (Incident Code: DAS-φ15φ7-1×MON-88φ17-3, Gene: pat), TC6275 (Incident Code: DAS-φ6275-8, Gene: bar), MZHG0JG (Incident Code: SYN-φφφJG-2, Gene: pat), MZIR098 (Incident Code: SYN-φφφ98-3, Gene: pat), Bt11×MIR162×MON89034 (Incident Code: SYN-BTφ11-1×SYN-IR162-4×MON-89φ34-3, Gene: pat) and Bt11×MIR162×MON89φ34×GA21 (Incident Code: SYN-BTφ11-1×SYN-IR162-4×MON-89φ34-3×MON-φφφ21-9, Gene: pat), 59122×DAS40278 (Incident Code: DAS-59122-7×DAS-4φ278-9, Gene: pat), 59122×MON810×MIR604 (Incident Code: DAS-59122-7×MON-φφ81φ-6×SYN-IR6φ4-5, Gene: pat), 59122×MON810×NK603×MIR604 (Incident Code: DAS-59122-7×MON-φφ81φ-6×MON-φφ6φ3-6×SYN-IR6φ4-5, Gene: pat),59122 × MON88017 × DAS40278 (Event code: DAS-59122-7 × MON-88φ17-3 × DAS-4φ278-9, Gene: pat), 59122 × NK603 × MIR604 (Event code: DAS-59122-7 × MON-φφ6φ3-6 × SYN-IR6φ4-5, Gene: pat), Bt11 × 5307 (Event code: SYN-BTφ11-1 × SYN-φ53φ7-1, Gene: pat), Bt11 × 5307 × GA21 (Event code: SYN-BTφ11-1 × SYN-φ53φ7-1 × MON-φφφ21-9, Gene: pat), Bt11 × MIR162 × 5307 (Event code: SYN-BTφ11-1 × SYN-IR162-4 × SYN-φ53φ7-1, Gene: pat), Bt11 × MIR162 × 5307 × GA21 (Event code: SYN-BTφ11-1 × SYN-IR162-4 × SYN-φ53φ7-1 × MON-φφφ21-9, Gene: pat) BT11×MIR162×MIR604×5307 (Event code: SYN - BTφ11 - 1×SYN - IR162 - 4×SYN - IR6φ4 - 5×SYN - φ53φ7 - 1, Gene: pat), Bt11×MIR162×MIR604×5307×GA21 (Event code: SYN - BTφ11 - 1×SYN - IR162 - 4×SYN - IR6φ4 - 5×SYN - φ53φ7 - 1 x MON - φφφ21 - 9, Gene: pat), Bt11×MIR162×MIR604×MON89034×5307×GA21 (Event code: SYN - BTφ11 - 1×SYN - IR162 - 4×SYN - IR6φ4 - 5×MON - 89φ34 - 3×SYN - φ53φ7 - 1×MON - φφφ21 - 9, Gene: pat), BT11×MIR162×MIR604×TC1507 (Event code: SYN - BTφ11 - 1×SYN - IR162 - 4×SYN - IR6φ4 - 5×DAS - φ15φ7 - 1, Gene: pat), BT11×MIR162×MIR604×TC1507×5307 (Event code: SYN - BTφ11 - 1×SYN - IR162 - 4×SYN - IR6φ4 - 5×DAS - φ15φ7 - 1×SYN - φ53φ7 - 1, Gene: pat), Bt11×MIR162×MIR604×TC1507×GA21 (Event code: SYN - BTφ11 - 1×SYN - IR162 - 4×SYN - IR6φ4 - 5×DAS - φ15φ7 - 1×MON - φφφ21 - 9, Gene: pat), Bt11×MIR162×TC1507×5307 (Event code: SYN - BTφ11 - 1×SYN - IR162 - 4×DAS - φ15φ7 - 1×SYN - φ53φ7 - 1, Gene: pat), BT11×MIR162×MIR604×TC1507×5307 (Event code: SYN - BTφ11 - 1×SYN - IR162 - 4×SYN - IR6φ4 - 5×DAS - φ15φ7 - 1×SYN - φ53φ7 - 1, Gene: pat), Bt11×MIR162×MIR604×TC1507×GA21 (Event code: SYN - BTφ11 - 1×SYN - IR162 - 4×SYN - IR6φ4 - 5×DAS - φ15φ7 - 1×MON - φφφ21 - 9, Gene: pat), Bt11×MIR162×TC1507×5307 (Event code: SYN - BTφ11 - 1×SYN - IR162 - 4×DAS - φ15φ7 - 1×SYN - φ53φ7 - 1,Genes: pat), Bt11×MIR162×TC1507×5307×GA21 (Event code: SYN-BTφ11-1×SYN-IR162-4×DAS-φ15φ7-1×SYN-φ53φ7-1×MON-φφφ21-9, Gene: pat), Bt11×MIR604×5307 (Event code: SYN-BTφ11-1×SYN-IR6φ4-5×SYN-φ53φ7-1, Gene: pat), Bt11×MIR604×5307×GA21 (Event code: SYN-BTφ11-1×SYN-IR6φ4-5×SYN-φ53φ7-1×MON-φφφ21-9, Gene: pat), Bt11×MIR604×TC1507×5307 (Event code: SYN-BTφ11-1×SYN-IR6φ4-5×DAS-φ15φ7-1×SYN-φ53φ7-1, Gene: pat), Bt11×MIR604×TC1507×GA21 (Event code: SYN-BTφ11-1×SYN-IR6φ4-5×DAS-φ15φ7-1×MON-φφφ21-9, Gene: pat), Bt11×MON89034 (or Bt11×MON89φ34) (Event code: SYN-BTφ11-1×MON-89φ34-3, Gene: pat), Bt11×MON89034×GA21 (Event code: SYN-BTφ11-1×MON-89φ34-3×MON-φφφ21-9, Gene: pat), Bt11×MON89φ34×GA21 (Event code: SYN-BTφ11-1×MON-89φ34-3×MON-φφφ21-9, Gene: pat), Bt11×TC1507×5307 (Event code: SYN-BTφ11-1×DAS-φ15φ7-1×SYN-φ53φ7-1, Gene: pat), Bt11×TC1507×5307×GA21 (Incident Code: SYN-BTφ11-1×DAS-φ15φ7-1×SYN-φ53φ7-1×MON-φφφ21-9, Gene: pat), MIR162×MIR604×TC1507×5307 (Incident Code: SYN-IR162-4×SYN-IR6φ4-5×DAS-φ15φ7-1×SYN-φ53φ7-1, Gene: pat), MIR162×MIR604×TC1507×5307×GA21 (Incident Code: SYN-IR162-4×SYN-IR6φ4-5×DAS-φ15φ7-1×SYN-φ53φ7-1×MON-φφφ21-9, Gene: pat), MIR162×MIR604×TC1507×GA21 (Incident Code: SYN-IR162-4×SYN-IR6φ4-5×DAS-φ15φ7-1×MON-φφφ21-9, Gene: pat), MIR162×TC1507×5307 (Incident Code: SYN-IR162-4×DAS-φ15φ7-1×SYN-φ53φ7-1, Gene: pat), MIR162×TC1507×5307×GA21 (Incident Code: SYN-IR162-4×DAS-φ15φ7-1×SYN-φ53φ7-1×MON-φφφ21-9, Gene: pat), MIR604×TC1507×5307 (Incident Code: SYN-IR6φ4-5×DAS-φ15φ7-1×SYN-φ53φ7-1, Gene: pat), MIR162×TC1507×5307 (Incident Code: SYN-IR162-4×DAS-φ15φ7-1×SYN-φ53φ7-1, Gene: pat), MIR162×TC1507×5307×GA21 (Incident Code: SYN-IR162-4×DAS-φ15φ7-1×SYN-φ53φ7-1×MON-φφφ21-9, Gene: pat), MIR604×TC1507×5307 (Incident Code: SYN-IR6φ4-5×DAS-φ15φ7-1×SYN-φ53φ7-1, Gene: pat), MIR604×TC1507×5307×GA21 (Incident Code: SYN-IR6φ4-5×TC1507×SYN-φ53φ7-1×MON-φφφ21-9, Gene: pat), MIR604×TC1507×GA21 (Incident Code: SYN-IR6φ4-5×TC1507×MON-φφφ21-9, Gene: pat),MON87427 × 59122 (Event code: MON-87427-7 × DAS-59122-7, gene: pat), MON87427 × MON89034 × 59122 (Event code: MON-87427-7 × MON-89φ34-3 × DAS-59122-7, gene: pat), MON87427 × MON89034 × MON88017 × 59122 (Event code: MON-87427-7 × MON-89φ34-3 × MON-88φ17-3 × 59122, gene: pat), MON87427 × MON89034 × TC1507 (Event code: MON-87427-7 × MON-89φ34-3 × DAS-φ15φ7-1, gene: pat), MON87427 × MON89034 × TC1507 × 59122 (Event code: MON-87427-7 × MON-89φ34-3 × DAS-φ15φ7-1 × DAS-59122-7, gene: pat), MON87427 × MON89034 × TC1507 × MON87411 × 59122 (Event code: MON-87427-7 × MON-89φ34-3 × DAS-φ15φ7-1 × MON-87411-9 × DAS-59122-7, gene: pat), MON87427×MON89034×TC1507×MON87411×59122×DAS40278(Event Code: MON-87427-7×MON-89φ34-3×DAS-φ15φ7-1×MON-87411-9×DAS-59122-7×DAS-4φ278-9, Gene: pat), MON87427×MON89034×TC1507×MON88017(Event Code: MON-87427-7×MON-89φ34-3×DAS-φ15φ7-1×MON-88φ17-3, Gene: pat), MON87427×TC1507(Event Code: MON-87427-7×DAS-φ15φ7-1, Gene: pat), MON87427×TC1507×59122(Event Code: MON-87427-7×DAS-φ15φ7-1×DAS-59122-7, Gene: pat), MON87427×TC1507×MON88017(Event Code: MON-87427-7×DAS-φ15φ7-1×MON-88φ17-3, Gene: pat), MON87427×TC1507×MON88017×59122(Event Code: MON-87427-7×DAS-φ15φ7-1×MON-88φ17-3×DAS-59122-7, Gene: pat), MON89034×59122×DAS40278(Event Code: MON-89φ34-3×DAS-59122-7×DAS-4φ278-9, Gene: pat), MON89034×59122×MON88017×DAS40278(Event Code: MON-89φ34-3×DAS-59122-7×MON-88φ17-3×DAS-4φ278-9, Gene: pat), MON89034×TC1507×59122×DAS40278(Event Code: MON-89φ34-3×DAS-φ15φ7-1×DAS-59122-7×DAS-4φ278-9, gene: pat), MON89034×TC1507×DAS40278 (event code: MON-89φ34-3×DAS-φ15φ7-1×DAS-4φ278-9, gene: pat), MON89034×TC1507×NK603×MIR162 (event code: MON-89φ34-3×DAS-φ15φ7-1×MON-φφ6φ3-6×SYN-IR162-4, gene: pat), TC1507×5307 (event code: DAS-φ15φ7-1×SYN-φ53φ7-1, gene: pat), TC1507×5307×GA21 (event code: DAS-φ15φ7-1×SYN-φ53φ7-1×MON-φφφ21-9, gene: pat), TC1507×59122×DAS40278 (event code: DAS-φ15φ7-1×DAS-59122-7×DAS-4φ278-9, gene: pat), TC1507×59122×MON810×MIR604 (event code: DAS-φ15φ7-1×DAS-59122-7×MON-φφ81φ-6×SYN-IR6φ4-5, gene: pat), TC1507×59122×MON88017×DAS40278 (event code: DAS-φ15φ7-1×DAS-59122-7×MON-88φ17-3×DAS-4φ278-9, gene: pat), TC1507×59122×NK603×MIR604 (event code: gene: pat), DAS-φ15φ7-1×DAS-59122-7×MON-φφ6φ3-6×SYN-IR6φ4-5, TC1507 × DAS40278 (Incident Code: DAS-φ15φ7-1 × DAS-4φ278-9, Gene: pat), TC1507 × MON810 × MIR604 (Incident Code: DAS-φ15φ7-1 × MON-φφ81φ-6 × SYN-IR6φ4-5, Gene: pat), TC1507 × MON810 × NK603 × MIR604 (Incident Code: DAS-φ15φ7-1 × MON-φφ81φ-6 × MON-φφ6φ3-6 × SYN-IR6φ4-5, Gene: pat), TC1507 × MON88017 × DAS40278 (Incident Code: DAS-φ15φ7-1 × MON-88φ17-3 × DAS-4φ278-9, Gene: pat) and TC1507 × NK603 × DAS40278 (Incident Code: DAS-φ15φ7-1 × MON-φφ6φ3-6 × DAS-4φ278-9, Gene: pat), but without excluding others.

[0126] Transgenic soybean events containing the glufosinate tolerance gene include, for example, A2704-12 (event code: ACS-GMφφ5-3, gene: pat, commercially available as Liberty Link™ soybean), A2704-21 (event code: ACS-GMφφ4-2, gene: pat, commercially available as Liberty Link™ soybean), A5547-127 (event code: ACS-GMφφ6-4, gene: pat, commercially available as Liberty Link™ soybean), A5547-35 (event code: ACS-GMφφ8-6, gene: pat, commercially available as Liberty Link™ soybean), GU262 (event code: ACS-GMφφ3-1, gene: pat, commercially available as Liberty Link™ soybean), W62 (event code: ACS-GMφφ2-9, gene: pat, commercially available as Liberty Link™ soybean), W98 (event code: ACS-GMφφ1-8, gene: pat, commercially available as Liberty Link™ soybean), DAS68416-4 (event code: DAS-68416-4, gene: pat, commercially available as Enlist™ Soybean), DAS44406-6 (event code: DAS-444φ6-6, gene: pat), DAS68416-4×MON89788 (event code: DAS-68416-4×MON-89788-1, gene: pat), SYHTφH2 (event code: SYN-φφφH2-5, gene: pat), DAS81419×DAS44406-6 (event code: DAS-81419-2×DAS-444φ6-6, gene: pat), and FG72×A5547-127 (event code: MST-FGφ72-3×ACS-GMφφ6-4, gene: pat), without excluding others.

[0127] Transgenic cotton events containing the glufosinate tolerance gene include, for example, 3006-210-23×281-24-236×MON1445 (Event code: DAS-21φ23-5×DAS-24236-5×MON-φ1445-2, gene: bar, commercially available as, for example, WideStrike™ Roundup Ready™ Cotton), 3006-210-23×281-24-236×MON88913 (Event code: DAS-21φ23-5×DAS-24236-5×MON-88913-8, gene: bar, commercially available as, for example, Widestrike™ Roundup Ready Flex™ Cotton), 3006-210-23×281-24-236×MON88913×COT102 (Event code: DAS-21φ23-5×DAS-24236-5×MON-88913-8×SYN-IR1φ2-7, gene: pat, commercially available as, for example, Widestrike™ × Roundup Ready Flex™ × VIPCOT™ Cotton), GHB614×LLCotton25 (Event code: BCS-GHφφ2-5×ACS-GHφφ1-3, gene: bar, commercially available as, for example, GlyTol™ Liberty Link™), GHB614×T304-40×GHB119 (Event code: BCS-GHφφ2-5×BCS-GHφφ4-7×BCS-GHφφ5-8, gene: bar, commercially available as, for example, Glytol™ × Twinlink™), LLCotton25 (Event code: ACS-GHφφ1-3, gene: bar, commercially available as, for example, ACS-GHφφ1-3), GHB614×T304-40×GHB119×COT102 (Event code: BCS-GHφφ2-5×BCS-GHφφ4-7×BCS-GHφφ5-8×SYN-IR1φ2-7, gene: bar, commercially available as, for example, Glytol™ × Twinlink™ × VIPCOT™ Cotton), LLCotton25×MON15985 (Event code: ACS-GHφφ1-3×MON-15985-7, gene: bar, commercially available as, for example, Fibermax™ Liberty Link™ BollgardII (commercially available as a trademark), T304 - 40×GHB119 (event code: BCS - GHφφ4 - 7×BCS - GHφφ5 - 8, gene: bar, commercially available as, for example, TwinLink (trademark) Cotton), GHB614×T304 - 40×GHB119×COT102 (event code: BCS - GHφφ2 - 5×BCS - GHφφ4 - 7×BCS - GHφφ5 - 8×SYN - IR1φ2 - 7, gene: bar, commercially available as, for example, Glytol (trademark)×Twinlink (trademark)×VIPCOT (trademark) Cotton), GHB119 (event code: BCS - GHφφ5 - 8, gene: bar), GHB614×LLCotton25×MON15985 (event code: CS - GHφφ2 - 5×ACS - GHφφ1 - 3×MON - 15985 - 7, gene: bar), MON 887φ1 - 3 (event code: MON88701, gene: bar), T303 - 3 (event code: BCS - GHφφ3 - 6, gene: bar), T304 - 40 (event code: BCS - GHφφ3 - 6, gene: bar), (event code: BCS - GHφφ4 - 7, gene: bar), 81910 (event code: DAS - 81910 - 7, gene: pat), MON8870 (event code: MON 887φ1 - 3, gene: bar), MON88701×MON88913 (event code: MON 887φ1 - 3×MON - 88913 - 8, gene: bar), MON88701×MON88913×MON15985 (event code: MON 887φ1 - 3×MON - 88913 - 8×MON - 15985 - 7, gene: bar), 281 - 24 - 236×3006 - 210 - 23×COT102×81910 (event code: DAS - 24236 - 5×DAS - 21φ23 - 5×SYN - IR1φ2 - 7×DAS - 81910 - 7, gene: pat), COT102×MON15985×MON88913×MON88701 (event code: SYN - IR1φ2 - 7×MON - 15985 - 7×MON - 88913 - 8×MON887φ1-3, gene: bar) and 3006-210-23×281-24-236×MON88913×COT102×81910 (event code: DAS-21φ23-5×DAS-24236-5×MON-88913-8×SYN-IR1φ2-7×DAS-81910-7, gene: pat), but does not exclude others.

[0128] Transgenic canola events containing the glufosinate tolerance gene include, for example, HCN10 (Topas 19 / 2) (event code: gene: bar, commercially available as, for example, Liberty Link™ Independence™), HCN28 (T45) (event code: ACS-BNφφ8-2, gene: pat, commercially available as, for example, InVigor™ Canola), HCN92 (Topas 19 / 2 (event code: ACS-BNφφ7-1, gene: bar, commercially available as, for example, Liberty Link™ Innovator™), MS1 (B91-4) (event code: ACS-BNφφ4-7, gene: bar, commercially available as, for example, InVigor™ Canola), MS1×RF1 (PGS1) (event code: ACS-BNφφ4-7×ACS-BNφφ1-4, gene: bar, commercially available as, for example, InVigor™ Canola), MS1×RF2 (PGS2) (event code: ACS-BNφφ4-7×ACS-BNφφ2-5, gene: bar, commercially available as, for example, InVigor™ Canola), MS1×RF3 (event code: ACS-BNφφ4-7×ACS-BNφφ3-6, gene: bar, commercially available as, for example, InVigor™ Canola), MS8 (event code: ACS-BNφφ5-8, gene: bar, commercially available as, for example, InVigor™ Canola), MS8×RF3 (event code: ACS-BNφφ5-8×ACS-BNφφ3-6, gene: bar, commercially available as, for example, InVigor™ Canola), RF1 (B93-101) (event code: ACS-BNφφ1-4, gene: bar, commercially available as, for example, InVigor™ Canola), RF2 (B94-2) (event code: ACS-BNφφ2-5, gene: bar, commercially available as, for example, InVigor™ Canola), RF3 (event code: ACS-BNφφ3-6, gene: bar, commercially available as, for example, InVigor™ Canola), MS1×MON88302 (event code: ACS-BNφφ4-7×MON-883φ2-9, gene: bar, commercially available as, for example, InVigor™×TruFlex™ RoundupReady (trademark), commercially available as Canola; MS8 × MON88302 (incident code: ACS - BNφφ5 - 8×MON - 883φ2 - 9, gene: bar, e.g., commercially available as InVigor (trademark) × TruFlex (trademark) Roundup Ready (trademark) Canola); RF1 × MON88302 (incident code: ACS - BNφφ1 - 4×MON - 883φ2 - 9, gene: bar, e.g., commercially available as InVigor (trademark) × TruFlex (trademark) Roundup Ready (trademark) Canola); RF2 × MON88302 (incident code: ACS - BNφφ2 - 5×MON - 883φ2 - 9, gene: bar, e.g., commercially available as InVigor (trademark) × TruFlex (trademark) Roundup Ready (trademark) Canola); HCN28 × MON88302 (incident code: ACS - BNφφ8 - 2×MON - 883φ2 - 9, gene: pat, e.g., commercially available as InVigor (trademark) × TruFlex (trademark) Roundup Ready (trademark) Canola); HCN92 × MON88302 (incident code: ACS - BNφφ7 - 1×MON - 883φ2 - 9, gene: bar, e.g., commercially available as Liberty Link (trademark) Innovator (trademark) × TruFlex (trademark) Roundup Ready (trademark) Canola); HCR - 1 (gene: pat); MON88302 × MS8 × RF3 (incident code: MON - 883φ2 - 9×ACS - BNφφ5 - 8×ACS - BNφφ3 - 6, gene: bar); MON88302 × RF3 (incident code: MON - 883φ2 - 9×ACS - BNφφ3 - 6, gene: bar); MS8 × RF3 × GT73 (RT73) (incident code: gene: bar); PHY14 (incident code: ACS - BNφφ5 - 8×ACS - BNφφ3 - 6×MON - φφφ73 - 7, gene: bar); PHY23 (gene: bar); PHY35 (gene: bar); and PHY36 (gene: bar); and 73496 × RF3 (incident code: DP - φ73496 - 4×ACS - BNφφ3 - 6, gene: bar), but not excluding others.

[0129] Transgenic rice events containing the glufosinate tolerance gene include, for example, LLRICE06 (event code: ACS-OSφφ1-4, commercially available as Liberty Link™ rice, for example), LLRICE601 (event code: BCS-OSφφ3-7, commercially available as Liberty Link™ rice, for example), and LLRICE62 (event code: ACS-OSφφ2-5, commercially available as Liberty Link™ rice, for example), but not excluding others.

[0130] The mixtures of the present invention can be applied by conventional methods using techniques well known to those skilled in the art. Suitable techniques include, for example, spraying, spreading, dusting, spreading or watering. The application type is determined by the intended purpose in well-known methods, but in any case, the finest possible spraying of the active ingredients according to the present invention should be ensured.

[0131] In one embodiment, the mixtures of the present invention are applied to the application site mainly by spraying, particularly by foliar spraying of an aqueous dilution of the active ingredients of the present mixture. The application can be carried out by conventional spraying techniques, for example using water as a carrier and a spray liquid volume of about 10 to 2000 L / ha or 50 to 1000 L / ha (for example 100 to 500 L / ha). Similar to the application of the mixtures of the present invention in particulate form, the mixtures of the present invention can also be applied by low-volume and ultra-low-volume methods.

[0132] The required application rate of the pure active compound mixture is determined by the density of unwanted vegetation, the developmental stage of the plants, the climatic conditions at the location where the mixture is used, and the application method.

[0133] Generally, the application rate of L - glufosinate is usually in the range of 50 g / ha to 3000 g / ha of active substance (a.i.), preferably 100 g / ha to 2000 g / ha or 200 g / ha to 1500 g / ha of active substance (a.i.), and the application rate of herbicide compound II is in the range of 1 g / ha to 2000 g / ha of active substance (a.i.), preferably 5 g / ha to 1500 g / ha, more preferably 25 g / ha to 900 g / ha of active substance (a.i.).

[0134] The following examples serve to illustrate the invention without imposing any limitations.

[0135] Biological Examples The synergistic effect can be explained as an interaction when the effect of a combination of two or more compounds exceeds the sum of the individual effects of each compound. The presence of a synergistic effect regarding percent control between two mixing partners (X and Y) can be calculated using Colby's formula (Colby, S.R., 1967, Calculating Synergistic and Antagonistic Responses in Herbicide Combinations, Weeds, 15, 21 - 22):

Equation

[0136] When the control effect of the observed combination exceeds the predicted (calculated) control effect (E) of the combination, the effect of the combination is synergistic.

[0137] The following tests demonstrate the control efficacy of the compounds, mixtures or compositions of the present invention against specific weeds. However, the weed control provided by these compounds, mixtures or compositions is not limited to these species. The analysis of synergistic effects or antagonistic actions between mixtures or compositions was determined using Colby's formula.

[0138] Greenhouse Usage Examples The cultivation containers used were plastic flower pots containing loamy sand with about 3.0% humus soil as the base soil. The seeds of the test plants were sown separately for each species and / or resistant biotype. For the pre-emergence treatment, the active ingredient suspended or emulsified in water was applied using a fine spray nozzle immediately after sowing. The containers were gently irrigated to promote germination and growth, and then covered with a transparent plastic hood until the plants took root. This cover ensured uniform germination of the test plants as long as they were not damaged by the active ingredient. For the post-emergence treatment, first, the test plants were grown to a height of 3 - 15 cm according to their herbaceous nature, and then treated with the active ingredient suspended or emulsified in water for the first time. For this purpose, the test plants were either sown directly and grown in the same containers or grown separately as seedlings first and transplanted into the test containers a few days before the treatment. The above plants were kept at 10 - 25°C or 20 - 35°C respectively according to their species. The test period extended until 20 days after the treatment. During this period, the above plants were cared for and their responses to individual treatments were evaluated. The evaluation was carried out using a scale of 0 - 100. 100 means no germination of the plants or at least complete destruction of the above-ground parts, and "0" means no damage or a normal growth process.

[0139] Product: L-Glyphosinate ammonium: 600 g / L Tetflupyrolimet: 50 mg / mL EC formulation

[0140] Weeds in the test:

[0141]

Table 4

[0142] The results of these tests are shown in the following Use Examples 1 and 2 to demonstrate the synergistic effect of the mixture containing Compound I (L-Glyphosinate) and Compound II (Tetflupyrolimet).

[0143] As shown in each example, the evaluation was performed either 7 days or 20 days after treatment (DAT).

[0144]

Table 5

[0145]

Table 6

Claims

1. a) L-glufosinate as compound I and its salts; b) Herbicide compound II and A herbicide mixture comprising L-glufosinate in an amount of more than 70% by weight of an L-enantiomer.

2. The herbicide mixture according to claim 1, wherein compound I is selected from the group consisting of L-glufosinate-ammonium and L-glufosinate-sodium as L-glufosinate salts, and L-glufosinate as a free acid.

3. The herbicide mixture according to claim 1, wherein compound I is L-glufosinate-ammonium.

4. The herbicide mixture according to claim 1, comprising more than 80% by weight, preferably more than 90% by weight, and more preferably 95% by weight of L-glufosinate L-enantiomer.

5. Compound II is selected from the group consisting of beflubutamide-M, tetoflupyrrolimet, dimesulfazet, benkitrione, bipirazone, cypirafluone, dioxopyritrione, fenpyrazone, limisoxafene, tripyrasulfone, fluchloraminopyr, fluchloraminopyr-tefuryl, pyriflubenzoxime, fluphenoximacil, flusulfinum, iptriazopyride, icaforin, pyrakinate, and broclozone. The herbicide mixture according to claim 1, preferably, compound II is selected from the group consisting of beflubutamide-M, tetoflupyrrolimet, benkitrion, bipirazone, tripyrasulfone, fenpyrazone, dioxopitrion, fluchloraminopyr, fluchloraminopyr-tefuryl, and icaforin.

6. The herbicide mixture according to claim 1, wherein compound II is selected from the group consisting of beflubutamide-M, tetoflupyrrolimet, and icaforin.

7. The herbicide mixture according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of compound I to compound II is 1000:1 to 1:

500.

8. The herbicide mixture according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of compound I to compound II is 50:1 to 1:

5.

9. A pest-killing composition comprising a liquid carrier or a solid carrier and a mixture according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A method for controlling undesirable vegetation, comprising applying a mixture according to any one of claims 1 to 8 to a place where undesirable vegetation is present or is expected to be present.

11. The method according to claim 10, comprising applying the mixture according to any one of claims 1 to 8 before the emergence of a crop.

12. The method according to claim 10, comprising applying the mixture according to any one of claims 1 to 8 before planting a crop.

13. The method according to claim 10, wherein the crop is selected from rice, corn, cereals, cotton, canola, small grains, soybeans, peanuts, sugarcane, sunflowers, plantation crops, tree crops, nuts, and grapes.

14. The method according to claim 10, wherein the crop is selected from glufosinate-tolerant crops.

15. The method according to claim 10, wherein compounds I and II of the mixture according to any one of claims 1 to 8 are applied simultaneously, i.e., together, separately, or sequentially.