Intraocular lens support

Abstract

One aspect of the present invention aims to provide a connecting support that has a standardized inner surface that can be connected to an intraocular lens and can stably place an intraocular lens inside a capsule regardless of the type of intraocular lens. [Solution] A connecting support according to one aspect of the present invention is an annular structure provided inside a capsular bag along the equator for inserting an intraocular lens into the inside of the capsular bag, and in a cross section of the structure cut in the visual axis direction, the inner and outer walls of the structure have a convex shape facing the capsular bag, and the wall includes a front section located forward in the visual axis direction, a rear section extended from the front section and located behind the equator, and a fixing means for fixing the end of a haptic portion (support portion) to the inner surface of the wall.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] One aspect of the present invention relates to a connecting support for an intraocular lens that has not previously existed, and relates to a connecting support for an intraocular lens that efficiently transmits the force transmitted through the capsule to the intraocular lens, while simultaneously performing the function of stably positioning the intraocular lens at a predetermined position inside the capsule. [Background technology]

[0002] Korean Patent No. 10-0843454, one of the inventor's intraocular lens-related patents, discloses an intraocular lens support. Unlike tension rings used to maintain the circular contour of the capsule during cataract surgery, the intraocular lens support solves the problem of the anterior and posterior capsules adhering to each other when using conventional capsule tension rings, making it difficult to adjust the thickness of the intraocular lens's crystalline lens. The document discloses that the intraocular lens support efficiently transmits the force related to the relaxation and contraction movements transmitted from the zonules to the intraocular lens inside the capsule, thereby providing the intraocular lens with excellent accommodation capabilities similar to a natural crystalline lens.

[0003] Korean Patent Publication No. 10-1718075 also discloses an intraocular lens connecting means, which has the function of connecting the intraocular lens and the support body in order to efficiently transmit the force transmitted from the support body to the intraocular lens.

[0004] The connecting means can reduce the size of the support, shortening the length of the cataract incision during surgery. The connecting means also firmly connects the intraocular lens within the support, ensuring reliable force transmission.

[0005] The above-mentioned support and connecting means propose a new concept that has not existed in the past, but not all intraocular lenses are manufactured in a form that can be connected to the support or connecting means. In other words, when using the support and connecting means, compatibility with intraocular lenses becomes an issue, and a standardized support and connecting means that can be connected to all intraocular lenses is required. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0006] [Patent Document 1] Korean Patent Registration No. 10-0843454 [Patent Document 2] Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1718075 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0007] One aspect of the present invention aims to provide a connecting support that has a standardized inner surface that can be connected to an intraocular lens and can stably place the intraocular lens inside the capsule regardless of the type of intraocular lens.

[0008] One aspect of the present invention aims to provide a connecting support for an intraocular lens that integrates a support and connecting means that efficiently transmits the force transmitted from the outside to the capsule to the intraocular lens while also having the function of stably positioning the intraocular lens on the inner surface. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] A connecting support according to one aspect of the present invention includes: The intraocular lens connecting and supporting device is an annular structure provided inside a capsular bag along the equator thereof for inserting an intraocular lens into the bag, wherein in a cross section of the structure cut in the visual axis direction, the inner and outer surfaces of the wall of the structure are convex toward the bag, and the wall includes an anterior section located forward in the visual axis direction, a posterior section extending from the anterior section and located rearward of the equator, and a fixing means for fixing the end of a haptic portion (supporting portion) to the inner surface of the wall.

[0010] In this case, the fixing means is preferably a bending section that extends from the rear section and bends toward the inside of the eye.

[0011] In addition, in the vicinity of a point where the inner surface of the rear section and the inner surface of the bent section intersect, the inner surface of the rear section may be a curved surface, and the inner surface of the bent section may be a flat surface.

[0012] At a point where the inner surface of the rear section intersects with the inner surface of the bent section, the angle formed by a tangent to the inner surface of the rear section and the inner surface of the bent section may be 45 to 110°.

[0013] Furthermore, in the vicinity of a point where the inner surface of the rear section and the inner surface of the bent section intersect, the inner surface of the rear section may be a curved surface, and the bent section may also be a curved surface.

[0014] At the point where the inner surface of the rear section intersects with the inner surface of the bent section, the angle formed by the tangent to the inner surface of the rear section and the tangent to the inner surface of the bent section may be 45 to 110°.

[0015] In addition, it is desirable that a part of the connecting support member is an open section, and that the open section has a central angle in the range of 1 to 30°.

[0016] The connecting support may be manufactured to have a variety of diameters ranging from 9.3 to 12 mm depending on the size of the eye, but it is preferable that the inner diameter is constant.

[0017] It is also desirable that the maximum thickness (x, unit: mm) between the outer surface and the inner surface of the connecting support is 0.35≦x.

[0018] Furthermore, it is desirable that the maximum thickness of the connecting support be inversely proportional to the hardness (Shore hardness) of the connecting support.

[0019] Furthermore, it is desirable that the maximum thickness (x, mm) and the hardness (y, Shore hardness) of the connecting support satisfy the following formula 1. (Formula 1) -196.08x 3 + 523.43x 2 - 503.5x + 204 ≦ y ≦ 196.08x 3 + 523.43x 2 - 503.5x + 207 (However, 0.35 ≦ x)

[0020] Another aspect of the present invention is an intraocular lens assembly comprising: An intraocular lens connecting support to be inserted into a capsular bag, the intraocular lens connecting support being an annular structure inserted into the interior along the equator of the capsular bag, wherein in a cross section of the structure cut in the visual axis direction, the inner and outer walls of the structure have a convex shape toward the capsular bag, the wall including a front section located forward in the visual axis direction, a rear section extending from the front section and located rearward of the equator, and a fixing means for fixing an end of a haptic portion (supporting portion) to the inner surface of the wall; and The intraocular lens includes an optic portion and a haptic portion, and is characterized in that the haptic portion contacts the inner surface of the intraocular lens connecting support, and the end of the haptic portion is placed in the bending section.

[0021] At this time, it is desirable that the optic part of the intraocular lens moves forward or backward in response to the force transmitted from the zonules of Zinn within the capsule. [Effects of the Invention]

[0022] As described above, the connecting support for an intraocular lens according to one aspect of the present invention combines the function of efficiently transmitting the force transmitted from the capsule to the intraocular lens with the function of placing and fixing the haptic portion (support portion) of the intraocular lens in a predetermined position without the need for a separate connecting means, thereby enabling easy intraocular lens insertion surgery and enabling the intraocular lens to be stably fixed in a predetermined position (i.e., the center).

[0023] In addition, the connecting support according to one aspect of the present invention moves the intraocular lens forward by the bending section that supports the optic part of the intraocular lens when a force that deforms the crystalline lens is transmitted. As a result, the support proposed by the inventors previously not only provides the intraocular lens with excellent deformation force similar to that of a natural crystalline lens, but also achieves an even higher vision correction effect.

[0024] Furthermore, the connecting support according to one aspect of the present invention enables vision correction according to a desired power after surgery. That is, when an intraocular lens with a predetermined power is inserted, the intraocular lens is inserted in a predetermined position, preventing differences in corrected vision from occurring between patients and enabling vision correction according to a desired power.

[0025] Therefore, the connecting support according to one aspect of the present invention can provide accommodation even when a general intraocular lens is used, without using an intraocular lens having a separate accommodation function. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0026] [Figure 1] 1 is a perspective view of an intraocular lens connecting support according to a first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. [Figure 3] 1 is a graph showing the relationship between the hardness (Shore hardness) and the maximum thickness of an intraocular lens connecting support. [Figure 4]1A to 1C are cross-sectional views showing a first type of intraocular lens coupled in different directions to an intraocular lens coupling support according to a first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 5] 1A-1C are plan views of various intraocular lenses that can be used with the connecting support of the present invention. [Figure 6] 1A and 1B are explanatory diagrams illustrating the operation of an intraocular lens when gazing at long distances and near distances, respectively, according to one embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0027] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0023] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0024] As those skilled in the art will recognize, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments set forth herein;

[0028] In describing the present invention in detail below, it should be understood that the terms used in the present specification are for the purpose of describing particular embodiments and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, which is defined solely by the appended claims. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in the present specification have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art.

[0029] Throughout this specification and the claims, unless specifically stated otherwise, the words "comprise", "comprises", and "comprising" are used to mean the inclusion of the stated object, step, or group of objects and steps, and not to the exclusion of any other object, step, or group of objects and groups of steps.

[0030] Furthermore, the various embodiments of the present invention may be combined with any other embodiment unless expressly indicated to the contrary. Any feature indicated as being particularly preferred or advantageous may be combined with any other feature or features indicated as being preferred or advantageous.

[0031] In the drawings, the width, length, thickness, etc. of components may be exaggerated for convenience. The description of the drawings as a whole is from the viewpoint of the viewer, and when one component is referred to as being "above / below" or "above / below" another component, this includes not only the case where the component is "directly above / directly below" the other component, but also the case where there is another component between them.

[0032] FIG. 1 is a plan view of a connecting support for an intraocular lens according to one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.

[0033] In the present invention, the connecting support (100), like the supports proposed in the past, maintains the shape of the capsule while solving the problem of the anterior and posterior capsules adhering to each other, and at the same time efficiently transmits the relaxation and contraction of the zonules to the intraocular lens, thereby enabling the intraocular lens to provide distance vision like a natural lens.

[0034] Furthermore, the connecting support (100) of the present invention is a structure with a function not found in conventional supports. That is, by making the size of the inner surface of the connecting support constant, it has a standardized inner surface that can be applied to all intraocular lenses as long as the size is consistent, regardless of the shape of the haptic part (support part) of the intraocular lens. In other words, because the standardized inner surface provides a single size, it is not necessary to manufacture intraocular lenses in various sizes, and it is possible to standardize on a single size.

[0035] The connecting support (100) also has a haptic (support) fixing means that allows the intraocular lens to be accurately positioned in the center of the eye. Furthermore, the fixing means moves the intraocular lens forward by the force transmitted from the zonules of Zinn, ensuring excellent vision when viewing at a distance.

[0036] During cataract surgery, the connecting support (100) is inserted into the internal space of the human eye capsule before the intraocular lens, and its outer surface is fixed in place with the outer surface in contact with the equator of the capsule. When the intraocular lens is then inserted, the haptics (supports) of the intraocular lens are placed on the inner surface of the connecting support.

[0037] The connecting support (100) is an open or closed annular structure, and has a wall whose inner and outer surfaces are both convex outward in a cross section taken along an imaginary plane in the visual axis direction (Y direction) of the crystalline lens, as shown in Figure 2. This wall includes, in cross section, a front section (110), a rear section (120), and a fixing means (130), with the equator of the support as the boundary.

[0038] The anterior section (110) is a section located in front of the equator line, which is a line connecting both ends of the apex of the convex shape of the connecting support (100), and the posterior section (120) is a section extending from the anterior section and located behind the equator line, which is a line connecting both ends of the apex of the convex shape of the connecting support. The fixing means (130) is provided in one area of ​​the wall and is a means for fixing the end of the haptic portion (support portion) of the intraocular lens.

[0039] A preferred example of the fixing means 130 is a bending section. The bending section is a section that extends from the rear section and bends inward. In this case, the end of the haptic (supporting part) of the intraocular lens is placed at the point where the inner surface of the rear section intersects with the inner surface of the bending section, or on the inner surface of the bending section.

[0040] The point where the inner surface of the rear section (120) and the inner surface of the bending section (130) intersect is where the inner surface of the rear section (120) and the inner surface of the bending section intersect to form an area where the end of the haptic portion (supporting portion) can be placed, and if the length of the haptic portion (supporting portion) is long, it may pass through that point and be placed on the inner surface of the bending section.

[0041] That is, around the point where the inner surface of the rear section (120) intersects with the inner surface of the bent section (130), the inner surface of the rear section is curved, and when the inner surface of the bent section is flat, the angle formed by the tangent to the inner surface of the rear section and the inner surface of the bent section at the point where the inner surface of the rear section intersects with the inner surface of the bent section on the cross section can be 45 to 110 degrees, preferably 60 to 100 degrees.

[0042] Furthermore, in the vicinity of the point where the inner surface of the rear section (120) and the inner surface of the bent section (130) intersect, if the inner surface of the rear section is curved and the inner surface of the bent section is also curved, the angle formed by the tangent to the inner surface of the rear section and the tangent to the inner surface of the bent section at the point where the inner surfaces of the rear section and the bent section intersect on the cross section can be 45 to 110 degrees, preferably 60 to 90 degrees.

[0043] If the distance exceeds the above range, the legs of the haptic portion (support portion) of the intraocular lens cannot be placed on the inner surface of the bending section or on the point where the inner surface of the rear section and the inner surface of the bending section intersect; if the distance is less than the above range, if the legs of the haptic portion (support portion) are long, they will pass through the intersecting point and will not be placed on the inner surface of the bending section.

[0044] Another example of a fixing means is a protrusion provided on the inner wall of the connecting support. The protrusion differs from the bending section in that it extends and protrudes from the inner wall surface of the rear section along a ring, but functions similarly to the bending section in terms of seating the legs of the haptics (support parts) of the intraocular lens.

[0045] Another example of a fixing means is to form a resting groove in addition to the bent section. By additionally forming a resting groove, the end of the haptic portion (support portion) can be positioned more stably.

[0046] The connecting support (100) preferably has an open section in part to facilitate insertion during surgery. This open section is preferably open at a central angle of 1 to 30 degrees. If the open section is less than 1 degree, it may be difficult to insert the connecting support through a small incision during surgery, and if it exceeds 30 degrees, the connecting support's ability to support the intraocular lens may be reduced.

[0047] The overall diameter of the connecting support can be manufactured in the range of 9.3 to 12 mm depending on the size of the eye. However, even if the overall diameter of the connecting support changes, it is desirable that the inner diameter, which is the distance from the inner surface of the connecting support to the inner surface on the opposite side, be constant, for example, 8.6 mm. This allows the intraocular lens to be standardized. In other words, when using this connecting support, all intraocular lenses can be manufactured in a standardized size determined by the diameter of the connecting support, and various powers can be manufactured as needed within the standardized size.

[0048] In this case, the thickness (x, mm) between the inner and outer surfaces of the connecting support, which has a large overall diameter, is preferably 0.35 ≦ x. If the thickness is less than 0.35 mm, the length of the haptic (supporting part) becomes too short when inserting an intraocular lens with a diameter of 12 to 14 mm, and it may not be placed in the bending section described above.

[0049] On the other hand, it is desirable that the maximum thickness (x, mm) has an inversely proportional relationship with the hardness (y, Shore hardness) of the connecting support, and for example, it is desirable that the following formula 1 is satisfied. (Formula 1) -196.08x 3 + 523.43x 2 - 503.5x + 204 ≦ y ≦ 196.08x 3 + 523.43x 2 - 503.5x + 207 (However, 0.35 ≦ x)

[0050] A graph showing the relationship between hardness (Shore hardness) and maximum thickness according to Equation 1 is shown in Figure 4. The reason for maintaining an inversely proportional relationship between the maximum thickness and hardness of the connecting support is that, as the thickness increases, the size increases, so by setting the hardness low and maintaining ductility, flexibility is provided during surgery, and the incision site is made smaller.

[0051] The inner surface (102) is a smooth surface, and it is desirable that the haptic portion (supporting portion) of the intraocular lens slides smoothly, and the bending section is bent so that the end of the haptic portion (supporting portion) is placed and does not come off, and is stably fixed.

[0052] The outer surface (101) is the surface that contacts the inner surface of the sac, and contacts it at least at two points. In order to effectively transmit the force transmitted to the sac, it is desirable that at least 1 / 2 to 1 / 2 of the cross-sectional length of the outer surface (101) contacts the sac, and in this case, it is necessary that at least 1 / 2 of the contact area includes the section where the zonula of Zinn is connected around the equator. This is to efficiently transmit the force transmitted from the zonula of Zinn.

[0053] Meanwhile, Table 1 shows an example of the size, thickness and hardness of the connecting support.

[0054] This shows that the outer diameter of the connecting support varies depending on the outer diameter of the connecting support, but the inner diameter of the connecting support is designed to remain constant. Also, it shows that the connecting support is designed so that the maximum thickness and the Shore hardness of the silicone are inversely proportional to each other.

[0055] [Table 1]

[0056] Meanwhile, the outer diameter of the connecting support may be larger or smaller than that of the above-mentioned embodiment, for example, the outer diameter may be 11.75 to 12 mm, in which case the Shore hardness may be 30 or less.

[0057] Figure 5 is a plan view of various types of intraocular lenses that can be used with the connecting support body of the present invention, and Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view showing the state in which the haptic portion (support portion) of the intraocular lens is placed on the connecting support body for the intraocular lens.

[0058] According to this, the various shapes of intraocular lenses (200) shown in Figure 5 are typically composed of an optic portion (210) and a haptic portion (220). The optic portion (210) is the lens portion where the intraocular lens (200) is inserted into the capsular bag, and is typically a convex lens (although in some patients with extremely high myopia, it may also be a concave lens).

[0059] The haptic portion (supporting portion) 220 extends from the optic portion 210 and serves as a leg portion for positioning the optic portion 210 inside the capsule. It is manufactured in various shapes. For example, it may be configured with three radial legs or four rectangular legs. The haptic portion (supporting portion) 220 may be positioned on the same plane as the optic portion 210, or may be connected to the optic portion at an angle. The shape of the haptic portion (supporting portion) in the present invention is not particularly limited, but the overall length of the haptic portion (supporting portion) must be longer than the inner diameter of the connecting support and long enough to allow the end of the haptic portion (supporting portion) to rest in the bending section.

[0060] The combined length of the optic and haptics of commercially available intraocular lenses is 12 to 14 mm. Commercially available intraocular lenses are first folded and inserted with the capsule tension ring inserted into the capsule, and then unfolded, with the legs that make up the haptics (supporting parts) elastically fixed in place while in contact with the inner surface of the capsule.

[0061] When such an intraocular lens is inserted directly into the capsule, the lens is often not centered accurately and the force of the zonules is not transmitted to the intraocular lens at all.

[0062] However, when the connecting support of the present invention is used, since the maximum thickness of the connecting support is 0.35≦x≦1, the legs of the haptic portion (supporting portion) (220) of the intraocular lens cannot be fully unfolded due to the size of the internal space, and instead bend and extend until they come into contact with the bending section (130) of the connecting support.

[0063] 6, the legs of the haptics (supporting parts) are extended while contacting the inner surface of the connecting support, and the ends are placed in the bending section. Therefore, the intraocular lens (200) is extended while the haptics (supporting parts) (220) are in contact with the inner surface of the connecting support, and can efficiently receive the force transmitted to the connecting support. In addition, since both ends are placed in the bending section, centering can be easily achieved.

[0064] FIG. 6(a) shows a case where the haptics (supporting parts) are flat, and FIG. 6(b) and FIG. 6(c) show a state where an intraocular lens with inclined haptics (supporting parts) is inserted.

[0065] According to this, when the haptic portion (support portion) (220) is flat, the haptic portion (support portion) curves while contacting the inner surface of the connecting support, and the end portion is placed on the inner surface of the bending section (130) or the point where the inner surfaces of the bending section (130) and the rear section (120) intersect.

[0066] This shows that the connecting support of the present invention can be applied to intraocular lenses with tilted haptics (supporting parts) 220, regardless of the direction of tilt. In particular, as shown in Figure 6(b), when the tilt of the haptics (supporting parts) faces forward and then bends backward again, the optic part 210 can be moved forward very strongly.

[0067] FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the function of an intraocular lens when gazing at a long distance and a short distance, according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0068] As mentioned above, by making the overall length of the intraocular lens (200) larger than the inner diameter of the connecting support and forming a bent section at the end of the wall of the connecting support (100), the optic part of the intraocular lens (200) can be positioned anterior to the equator.

[0069] Therefore, by positioning the optic part (210) forward of the equator, the force transmitted from the capsule to the connecting support deforms the haptic part (220) when viewing at a distance, allowing the optic part (210) to move forward, and this forward movement of the optic part (210) can maximize the corrective effect of improving vision.

[0070] In other words, because intraocular lenses (IOLs) are very thin, it is difficult to increase the curvature of the IOL even when force is transmitted, making it difficult to achieve a corrective effect through accommodation. However, by moving the IOL forward, it is possible to achieve a high corrective effect.

[0071] Conversely, when viewing at close range, the optic section (210) moves backward again, and the mechanism at this time is the opposite of when the optic section (210) moves forward.

[0072] The features, structures, effects, etc. shown in the above-described embodiments can be combined or modified into other embodiments by those skilled in the art, and therefore, the contents related to these combinations and modifications should be interpreted as being included in the scope of the present invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0073] 100: Connection support 101:Exterior 102:Inside 110: Front section 120: Rear section 130: Fixing means (bending section) 200: Intraocular lens 210: Optics section 220: Haptic Club

Claims

1. An intraocular lens connecting and supporting device comprising: an annular structure provided inside a capsule along the equator thereof for the purpose of inserting an intraocular lens into the capsule; in a cross section of the structure cut in the visual axis direction, the inner and outer surfaces of the wall of the structure are convex toward the capsule; the wall includes a front section located forward in the visual axis direction; a rear section extending from the front section and located rearward of the equator; and a fixing means for fixing the end of a haptic portion (supporting portion) to the inner surface of the wall.

2. In claim 1, The fixing means is a bending section that extends from the rear section and bends toward the inside of the eye.

3. In claim 1, The intraocular lens connecting support body has an inner surface of the rear section that is curved and an inner surface of the bending section that is flat around a point where the inner surface of the rear section and the inner surface of the bending section intersect.

4. In claim 1, The intraocular lens connecting support body has an angle of 45 to 110° between a tangent to the inner surface of the rear section and the inner surface of the bending section at a point where the inner surface of the rear section and the inner surface of the bending section intersect.

5. In claim 1, The intraocular lens connecting support body has an inner surface of the rear section that is curved around a point where the inner surface of the rear section intersects with the inner surface of the bending section, and the bending section is also curved.

6. In claim 1, The intraocular lens connecting support body has an angle of 45 to 110° formed by a tangent to the inner surface of the rear section and a tangent to the inner surface of the bending section at a point where the inner surface of the rear section and the inner surface of the bending section intersect.

7. In claim 1, The intraocular lens connecting support body has a partial section that is an open section, and the central angle of the open section is in the range of 1 to 30°.

8. In claim 1, The connecting support body is manufactured to have a variety of overall diameters ranging from 9.3 to 12 mm depending on the size of the eye, but the inner diameter is constant.

9. In claim 1, An intraocular lens connecting support body, wherein the maximum thickness (x, unit: mm) between the outer surface and the inner surface of the connecting support body is 0.35≦x.

10. In claim 1, An intraocular lens connecting support body, wherein the maximum thickness of the connecting support body is inversely proportional to the hardness (Shore hardness) of the connecting support body.

11. In claim 1, The connecting support has a maximum thickness (x, mm) and a hardness (y, Shore hardness) of the connecting support that satisfy the following formula 1: (Formula 1) -196.08x ３ + 523.43x ２ - 503.5x + 204 ≦ y ≦ 196.08x ３ + 523.43x ２ - 503.5x + 207 (However, 0.35≦x)

12. An intraocular lens connecting support that is inserted into a capsule, the intraocular lens connecting support being an annular structure that is inserted into the capsule along its equator, and in a cross section of the structure cut in the visual axis direction, the inner and outer walls of the structure have a convex shape toward the capsule, the wall including a front section located forward in the visual axis direction, a rear section that extends from the front section and is located rearward of the equator, and a fixing means for fixing an end of a haptic portion (supporting portion) to the inner surface of the wall; and An intraocular lens assembly including an intraocular lens having an optic portion and a haptic portion, wherein the haptic portion contacts the inner surface of the intraocular lens connecting support and the end of the haptic portion is placed in the bending section.

13. In claim 12, An intraocular lens assembly in which the optic part of the intraocular lens moves forward or backward in response to a force transmitted from the zonules of Zinn within the capsule.

Images