How to change communication settings during network system and network updates

Abstract

This invention provides a communication network system that can suppress the increase in communication load caused by network updates. [Solution] When the network is updated in the communication network system, the providing electronic control unit 20A sends an offer message MG1 to the first communication bus (S11). The electronic control unit 20 checks the offer message MG1 and selects whether or not to receive the service message MG3 provided by the providing electronic control unit 20A (S20). The receiving electronic control unit 20B, having selected to receive the service message MG3, changes its settings to receive the service message MG3 (S21). The receiving electronic control unit 20B sends a subscribe message MG2 to the first communication bus (S23). The providing electronic control unit 20A, having received the subscribe message MG2, starts providing the service using the service message MG3 (S13).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a communication network system and a method for changing communication settings during network update.

Background Art

[0002] The communication network system disclosed in Patent Document 1 includes a plurality of subscriber stations, and each subscriber station is connected to each other. An identifier is assigned to a message transmitted by a subscriber station in the communication network system. When a new subscriber station is connected and the network is updated, the communication network system assigns an identifier reserved as a resource for dynamic communication to a message transmitted by the new subscriber station. Therefore, the network system can perform communications that were not assumed in the design stage.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0003]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] In a dynamic network where network updates are possible, there may be an increase in communications that were not assumed in the design stage of the network system, so there is a risk of imposing a communication load exceeding the assumptions at the time of designing the network system.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0005] A communication network system for solving the above problems is a communication network system in which a plurality of electronic control devices are connected by a communication bus, and each of the electronic control devices selects a communication message to receive from among a plurality of communication messages transmitted on the communication bus by checking a first identifier contained in the communication message, and an application stored in the electronic control device uses the data contained in the received communication message. When the network is updated, the communication network system sends an offer message to the communication bus, which includes a service identifier unique to the service provided and is attached to the first identifier that is received by all of the electronic control devices. The communication network system selects whether or not to receive the communication message about the service provided by the provider electronic control device by checking the service identifier contained in the received offer message. The communication network system changes the settings of the receiving electronic control device, which has selected to receive the communication message about the service provided by the provider electronic control device, to receive the communication message which is attached to the first identifier which is a value generated from the value of the service identifier contained in the received offer message based on a specific rule. The communication network system transmits a subscribe message to the communication bus, which includes the service identifier contained in the received offer message and is accompanied by the first identifier that is received by all of the electronic control units. When the providing electronic control unit receives the subscribe message which includes the service identifier that it included in the offer message it transmitted, the communication network system begins providing the service using the communication message which is accompanied by the first identifier, which is a value generated by the providing electronic control unit from the value of the service identifier included in the offer message based on the specific rule.

[0006] A method for changing communication settings during network updates to solve the above problems is a method for changing communication settings during network updates in a communication network system in which a plurality of electronic control devices are connected by a communication bus, and each of the electronic control devices selects a communication message to receive from among a plurality of communication messages transmitted on the communication bus by checking a first identifier contained in the communication message, and an application stored in the electronic control device uses the data contained in the received communication message. This method for changing communication settings during network updates includes the step that, when the network is updated, the processing circuit of the service-providing electronic control device among the plurality of electronic control devices sends an offer message to the communication bus that includes a service identifier unique to the service to be provided and is attached to the first identifier to be received by all of the electronic control devices. This method for changing communication settings during network updates includes the step that the processing circuit of each of the plurality of electronic control devices selects whether or not to receive the communication message about the service provided by the service-providing electronic control device by checking the service identifier contained in the received offer message. The method for changing communication settings during network updates includes the step of a receiving electronic control unit, among the plurality of electronic control units, which has selected to receive the communication message for the service provided by the providing electronic control unit, changing its settings to receive the communication message to which a value generated from the value of the service identifier contained in the received offer message, based on a specific rule, is attached as the first identifier. The method for changing communication settings during network updates also includes the step of the receiving electronic control unit's processing circuit sending a subscribe message to the communication bus that includes the service identifier contained in the received offer message and is attached as the first identifier to be received by all of the electronic control units.The method for changing communication settings during network updates includes the step of the provider-side electronic control unit's processing circuit receiving the subscribe message which includes the service identifier included in the offer message transmitted by the provider-side electronic control unit, and then starting to provide the service by attaching a value generated by the provider-side electronic control unit from the value of the service identifier included in the offer message based on the specific rules as the first identifier in the communication message. [Effects of the Invention]

[0007] According to the above-described communication network system and method for changing communication settings during network updates, it is possible to suppress the increase in communication load on the said communication network system. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0008] [Figure 1] Figure 1 is a block diagram illustrating the schematic of the communication network system according to the embodiment. [Figure 2] Figure 2 is a sequence diagram showing the flow of processing performed by a communication network system. [Figure 3] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the data structure for offer messages and subscribe messages. [Figure 4] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the data structure of a service message. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0009] Below, one embodiment of the communication network system will be described with reference to Figures 1 to 4. <Configuration of Communication Network System 10> Figure 1 shows a communication network system 10 installed in a vehicle. The communication network system 10 comprises a plurality of electronic control units 20. Each of the plurality of electronic control units 20 is connected by a first communication bus 11. The first communication bus 11 transmits communication messages based on the CAN protocol, which is a communication protocol defined in CAN (controller area network). Communication messages transmitted based on the CAN protocol include data indicating a CAN-ID as a first identifier. The CAN-ID is data used to identify the content of the communication message.

[0010] The communication network system 10 comprises a plurality of electronic control devices 21. Each of the plurality of electronic control devices 21 is connected by a second communication bus 12. The second communication bus 12 transmits communication messages based on the Ethernet protocol, which is a communication protocol defined in Ethernet®. Communication messages transmitted based on the Ethernet protocol have identifiers for IP (Internet protocol) communication.

[0011] The communication network system 10 includes an electronic control unit 22. The electronic control unit 22 is a gateway device connected to both the first communication bus 11 and the second communication bus 12. The electronic control unit 22 relays communication messages between the first communication bus 11 and the second communication bus 12. When relaying communication messages, the electronic control unit 22 has the function of converting a first identifier contained in the communication message to an identifier for IP communication.

[0012] <Configuration of the electronic control unit 20> Multiple electronic control units 20 connected to the first communication bus 11 each have a processing circuit 30, a storage device 40, and a communication device 50. The storage device 40 stores an application APL, middleware MW, and basic software BSW. The electronic control unit 20 provides services corresponding to the application APL by having the processing circuit 30 execute the application APL stored in the storage device 40. The application APL is software that runs on middleware MW. Middleware MW is software that runs on basic software BSW.

[0013] Application APL is software that enables each of the electronic control units 20 to perform a specific function. Application APL utilizes data contained in communication messages received by the electronic control unit 20. The specific functions that the electronic control unit 20 performs include functions for detecting vehicle speed and advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS). Basic software BSW is software that performs basic control of the hardware that makes up the electronic control unit 20. Middleware MW is software that mediates between the basic software BSW and application APL, enabling each of the electronic control units 20 to perform a specific function according to the application APL stored in the electronic control unit 20.

[0014] The communication device 50 outputs a communication message to the first communication bus 11. The communication device 50 receives a communication message from the first communication bus 11. The electronic control unit 20 receives the communication messages that contain data used by the application APL from among the input communication messages. Specifically, the electronic control unit 20 selects whether or not to receive the communication message by having the basic software BSW verify the first identifier contained in the communication message.

[0015] <Processing during network updates> The communication network system 10 is a dynamic network whose network can be updated. As shown in FIG. 2, when the network is updated, the communication network system 10 changes the communication settings of the network.

[0016] When the network is updated, the electronic control unit 20 first executes the process of step S10. In the process of step S10, the electronic control unit 20 generates an offer message MG1 as the providing-side electronic control unit 20A.

[0017] As shown in FIG. 3, the offer message MG1 includes a header area HD and a data area DT. In the header area HD, data indicating the CAN-ID as the first identifier is stored. The value of the first identifier in the offer message MG1 is "0x0001". The communication message including "0x0001" in the value of the first identifier is received by all the electronic control units 20 connected to the first communication bus 11. Therefore, the offer message MG1 is received by all the electronic control units 20 connected to the first communication bus 11. In the data area DT, data indicating the service identifier SID is stored. The service identifier SID is an identifier unique to the service provided by the providing-side electronic control unit 20A. In the present embodiment, the service provided by the providing-side electronic control unit 20A is "Service A". The value of the service identifier SID corresponding to "Service A" is "0x1123". Therefore, the value of the service identifier SID in the offer message MG1 generated by the providing-side electronic control unit 20A is "0x1123". After generating the offer message MG1 with the first identifier attached, the providing-side electronic control unit 20A proceeds to step S11.

[0018] In the process of step S11, the providing-side electronic control unit 20A transmits the offer message MG1 with the first identifier attached to the first communication bus 11. Then, the providing-side electronic control unit 20A shifts to a standby state where it can receive a subscribe message MG2 described later from the first communication bus 11.

[0019] The electronic control device 20 that has received the offer message MG1 executes the process of step S20 as the receiving-side electronic control device 20B. In the process of step S20, the receiving-side electronic control device 20B selects whether to receive a communication message regarding the service provided by the providing-side electronic control device 20A by checking the service identifier SID included in the received offer message MG1. Specifically, when the middleware MW of the receiving-side electronic control device 20B receives an offer message MG1 that includes a service identifier SID indicating the service that the application APL wishes to use, it determines to receive a communication message regarding the service provided by the providing-side electronic control device 20A.

[0020] The service that the application APL wishes to use is determined at the design time of the communication network system 10 or when the network is updated. In the example shown in FIG. 2, the application APL stored in the receiving-side electronic control device 20B wishes to use "Service A". Therefore, the middleware MW determines whether it has received an offer message MG1 that includes the value "0x1123" of the service identifier SID indicating "Service A" in the data area DT. When the receiving-side electronic control device 20B receives an offer message MG1 that includes "0x1123" (S20: YES), the receiving-side electronic control device 20B determines to receive a communication message regarding the service provided by the providing-side electronic control device 20A. Then, the process proceeds to step S21.

[0021] In the process of step S21, the receiving-side electronic control device 20B changes the setting of the basic software BSW. Specifically, the middleware MW changes the setting of the basic software BSW so as to receive a communication message attached with a value GSID generated based on a specific rule from the value of the service identifier SID indicating "Service A" as the first identifier.

[0022] The electronic control unit 20 uses the last two digits of the service identifier SID value as the GSID value generated from the service identifier SID value based on a specific rule. That is, if the service identifier SID value is "0x1123", the GSID value generated from the service identifier SID value based on a specific rule is "0x0023".

[0023] The middleware MW modifies the settings of the basic software BSW, causing the basic software BSW to select a communication message with a first identifier value of "0x0023" as the communication message to be received. As a result, the receiving electronic control unit 20B becomes able to receive communication messages with a first identifier value of "0x0023". After modifying the settings of the basic software BSW in step S21, the process proceeds to step S22.

[0024] In step S22, the receiving electronic control unit 20B generates a subscribe message MG2. As shown in Figure 3, the subscribe message MG2 includes a header area HD and a data area DT. The header area HD stores data indicating the CAN-ID as the first identifier. The value of the first identifier in the subscribe message MG2 is "0x0001". Therefore, the subscribe message MG2 is received by all electronic control units 20 connected to the first communication bus 11. The data area DT of the subscribe message MG2 stores data indicating the service identifier SID. The service identifier SID stored in the data area DT of the subscribe message MG2 is the same as the service identifier SID stored in the data area DT of the offer message MG1 received by the receiving electronic control unit 20B in step S20. Therefore, the value of the service identifier SID in the subscribe message MG2 is "0x1123". After generating the subscribe message MG2, the receiving electronic control unit 20B proceeds to step S23. In step S23, the receiving electronic control unit 20B sends a subscribe message MG2 with a first identifier to the first communication bus 11.

[0025] When the provider-side electronic control unit 20A receives a subscribe message MG2 that includes the service identifier SID included in the offer message MG1 transmitted by the provider-side electronic control unit 20A, it executes the process in step S12. In the process in step S12, the provider-side electronic control unit 20A generates a service message MG3. The service message MG3 is a communication message about the service provided by the provider-side electronic control unit 20A.

[0026] As shown in Figure 4, service message MG3 includes a header area HD and a data area DT. Service message MG3 includes a value GSID as the first identifier in the header area HD, which is generated by the provider-side electronic control unit 20A based on a specific rule from the value of the service identifier SID included in offer message MG1. The electronic control unit 20 uses the last two digits of the value of the service identifier SID as the value GSID generated from the value of the service identifier SID based on a specific rule. If the value of the service identifier SID is "0x1123", then the value GSID generated from the value of the service identifier SID based on a specific rule is "0x0023". Therefore, the value of the first identifier stored in the header area HD of service message MG3 is "0x0023".

[0027] The service message MG3 contains data in the data area DT related to the service provided by the provider-side electronic control unit 20A. Specifically, the data area DT of the service message MG3 stores data for "Service A". After the provider-side electronic control unit 20A generates the service message MG3, the process proceeds to step S13.

[0028] In step S13, the provider-side electronic control unit 20A sends a service message MG3 to the first communication bus 11. As a result, the provider-side electronic control unit 20A starts providing a service via a communication message to which a value GSID, generated based on a specific rule from the value of the service identifier SID included in the offer message MG1 by the provider-side electronic control unit 20A, is attached as the first identifier.

[0029] In step S21, the receiving electronic control unit 20B, whose basic software BSW settings have been changed, is able to receive a communication message in which the value of the first identifier is "0x0023". Therefore, the receiving electronic control unit 20B is able to receive a service message MG3 in which the value of the first identifier is "0x0023". Upon receiving the service message MG3, the receiving electronic control unit 20B uses the service provided by the providing electronic control unit 20A as the processing in step S24.

[0030] If the offer message MG1 containing the service identifier SID indicating the desired service is not received (step S20: NO), the receiving electronic control unit 20B maintains the settings of the basic software BSW as the process in step S25.

[0031] If the provider-side electronic control unit 20A does not receive a subscribe message MG2 containing the service identifier SID included in the offer message MG1 sent by the provider-side electronic control unit 20A within a predetermined time, it releases the waiting state as part of the process in step S14. In this case, even if the provider-side electronic control unit 20A receives a subscribe message MG2 containing the service identifier SID included in the offer message MG1 sent by the provider-side electronic control unit 20A, it does not send a service message MG3.

[0032] <Operation of this embodiment> The provider-side electronic control unit 20A begins providing the service when it receives the subscribe message MG2 and confirms that there is a receiving-side electronic control unit 20B that has selected to receive communication messages about the service provided by the provider-side electronic control unit 20A. In other words, if the provider-side electronic control unit 20A has not confirmed that there is a receiving-side electronic control unit 20B that has selected to receive communication messages about the service provided by the provider-side electronic control unit 20A, it does not send communication messages about the service to the first communication bus 11.

[0033] <Effects of this embodiment> (1) The communication network system 10 can suppress the transmission of unnecessary communication messages to the first communication bus 11. This allows the communication network system 10 to suppress an increase in the communication load on the communication network system 10.

[0034] (2) The receiving electronic control unit 20B, which has selected to receive the service message MG3, changes the settings of the basic software BSW to receive the service message MG3. As a result, the communication network system 10 can reduce the load on the electronic control unit 20 compared to a communication network system that requires the electronic control unit 20 to determine whether or not a communication message is necessary each time it is received.

[0035] (3) The communication network system 10 has an electronic control unit 20 that stores middleware MW and basic software BSW. The basic software BSW stored in the electronic control unit 20 selects the communication messages to be received. Therefore, the communication network system 10 does not need to implement a function to select the communication messages to be received for each different type of application APL.

[0036] (4) The electronic control unit 20 connected to the first communication bus 11 in the communication network system 10 transmits communication messages using the CAN protocol as the communication protocol. The communication network system 10 can establish a dynamic network in which the increase in communication load on the communication network system 10 is suppressed while using the conventional CAN protocol.

[0037] (5) The communication network system 10 comprises a first communication bus 11 and a second communication bus 12. The first communication bus 11 transmits communication messages using the CAN protocol as its communication protocol. The second communication bus 12 transmits communication messages using the Ethernet protocol as its communication protocol. The electronic control unit 22 is a gateway device connected to both the first communication bus 11 and the second communication bus 12. The electronic control unit 22 relays communication messages between the first communication bus 11 and the second communication bus 12. Furthermore, the electronic control unit 22 has a function to convert a first identifier contained in a communication message to an identifier for IP communication when relaying a communication message. As a result, the communication network system 10 can establish a dynamic network in which the increase in communication load is suppressed even between multiple communication buses with different communication protocols.

[0038] (6) The method for changing communication settings during network updates performed by the communication network system 10 includes the step (step S11) in which, when the network is updated, the processing circuit 30 of the service-providing electronic control unit 20A, among the multiple electronic control units 20, performs a process to send an offer message MG1 to the first communication bus 11, which includes a service identifier SID unique to the service to be provided and is attached to a first identifier that is received by all electronic control units 20. The method for changing communication settings during network updates performed by the communication network system 10 includes the step (step S20) in which the processing circuit 30 of each of the multiple electronic control units 20 checks the service identifier SID included in the received offer message MG1 to select whether or not to receive a communication message about the service provided by the service-providing electronic control unit 20A. The method for changing communication settings during network updates performed by the communication network system 10 includes a step (step S21) in which the processing circuit 30 of the receiving electronic control unit 20B, which has selected to receive communication messages about the service provided by the providing electronic control unit 20A among the multiple electronic control units 20, changes its settings to receive communication messages to which a value GSID, generated based on a specific rule from the value of the service identifier SID contained in the received offer message MG1, is attached as a first identifier. The method for changing communication settings during network updates performed by the communication network system 10 includes a step (step S23) in which the processing circuit 30 of the receiving electronic control unit 20B performs a process to send a subscribe message MG2 to the first communication bus 11, which includes the service identifier SID contained in the received offer message MG1 and is attached as a first identifier that will be received by all electronic control units 20.The method for changing communication settings during network updates performed by the communication network system 10 includes a step (step S13) in which, when the processing circuit 30 of the provider-side electronic control unit 20A receives a subscribe message MG2 that includes a service identifier SID included in the offer message MG1 transmitted by the provider-side electronic control unit 20A, the provider-side electronic control unit 20A starts providing a service using a service message MG3, which is a communication message to which a value GSID, generated by the provider-side electronic control unit 20A based on a specific rule from the value of the service identifier SID included in the offer message MG1, is attached as the first identifier. By performing the above method for changing communication settings during network updates, the communication network system 10 causes the provider-side electronic control unit 20A to start providing a service when it can confirm that there is a receiving-side electronic control unit 20B that has received the subscribe message MG2 and selected to receive a communication message about the service provided by the provider-side electronic control unit 20A. In other words, by executing the above method for changing communication settings during network updates, the communication network system 10 will not allow the provider-side electronic control unit 20A to send a communication message about the service to the first communication bus 11 if it cannot confirm that there is a receiving-side electronic control unit 20B that has selected to receive a communication message about the service provided by the provider-side electronic control unit 20A. The above method for changing communication settings during network updates can suppress the flow of unnecessary communication messages on the communication bus even if the network is updated. As a result, the above method for changing communication settings during network updates can suppress an increase in the communication load on the communication network system 10.

[0039] <Example of changes> This embodiment can be implemented with the following modifications. This embodiment and the following modifications can be combined with each other to the extent that they do not contradict each other technically.

[0040] The service identifier SID and the GSID, a value generated from the service identifier SID based on a specific rule, may be the same value. In this case, the specific rule is to output the same value.

[0041] The electronic control unit 20 does not need to store the middleware MW and the basic software BSW. In that case, the electronic control unit 20 only needs to select the communication message to be received from among the multiple communication messages transmitted on the first communication bus 11 by the application APL.

[0042] In each of the above embodiments, the combination of communication protocols for the multiple communication buses constituting the communication network system is not limited to the combination of CAN and Ethernet®. For example, a combination of CAN and FlexRay® may also be used.

[0043] The electronic control unit 20 may be configured as a circuit including one or more processors that execute various processes according to a computer program (software). Alternatively, the electronic control unit 20 may be configured as a circuit including one or more dedicated hardware circuits, such as application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), or a combination thereof, that execute at least some of the various processes. The processor includes a CPU and memory such as RAM and ROM. The memory stores program code or instructions configured to cause the CPU to execute processes. Memory, or computer-readable media, includes any available media accessible by a general-purpose or dedicated computer. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0044] 10...Communication network system, 11...First communication bus, 12...Second communication bus, 20, 21, 22...Electronic control unit, 30...Processing circuit, 20A...Provider-side electronic control unit, 20B...Receiver-side electronic control unit, APL...Application, MW...Middleware, BSW...Basic software, MG1...Offer message, MG2...Subscribe message, SID...Service identifier

Claims

1. A communication network system in which multiple electronic control units are connected by a communication bus, and each of the electronic control units selects a communication message to receive from among multiple communication messages transmitted on the communication bus by checking a first identifier contained in the communication message, and an application stored in the electronic control unit utilizes the data contained in the received communication message. When the network is updated, Among the plurality of electronic control devices, the provider-side electronic control device that provides the service transmits an offer message to the communication bus that includes a service identifier unique to the service provided and is accompanied by the first identifier, which is received by all of the electronic control devices. Each of the plurality of electronic control devices selects whether or not to receive the communication message regarding the service provided by the offering electronic control device by checking the service identifier contained in the received offer message. Among the plurality of electronic control devices, the receiving electronic control device that has selected to receive the communication message for the service provided by the providing electronic control device changes its settings to receive the communication message to which a value generated from the value of the service identifier contained in the received offer message, based on a specific rule, is attached as the first identifier. The receiving electronic control unit transmits a subscribe message to the communication bus that includes the service identifier contained in the received offer message and is accompanied by the first identifier that is received by all of the electronic control units. When the provider-side electronic control unit receives the subscribe message which includes the service identifier included in the offer message transmitted by the provider-side electronic control unit, the provider-side electronic control unit starts providing the service via a communication message to which the value generated by the provider-side electronic control unit from the value of the service identifier included in the offer message, based on the specific rule, is attached as the first identifier. Communication network system.

2. The aforementioned electronic control unit stores middleware and basic software. The application runs on the middleware, and the middleware runs on the basic software. The basic software selects the communication message to be received from among the multiple communication messages being transmitted on the communication bus. The communication network system according to claim 1.

3. The CAN protocol is used as the communication protocol to transmit the aforementioned communication message. The communication network system according to claim 1.

4. The communication bus comprises a first communication bus and a second communication bus, wherein the first communication bus transmits the communication message using the CAN protocol as the communication protocol, and the second communication bus transmits the communication message using the Ethernet protocol as the communication protocol. Of the plurality of electronic control devices, at least one electronic control device is a gateway device connected to both the first communication bus and the second communication bus. The gateway device has a function to relay the communication messages between the first communication bus and the second communication bus, and to convert the first identifier contained in the communication message to an IP communication identifier during the relay process. The communication network system according to claim 1.

5. A method for changing communication settings during network updates in a communication network system in which multiple electronic control devices are connected by a communication bus, and each of the electronic control devices selects a communication message to receive from among multiple communication messages transmitted on the communication bus by checking a first identifier contained in the communication message, and an application stored in the electronic control device uses the data contained in the received communication message. When the network is updated, The process includes the step of sending an offer message to the communication bus, which includes a service identifier unique to the service to be provided and which is attached to the first identifier that is received by all of the electronic control devices, among the plurality of electronic control devices, and which is a processing circuit of the electronic control device providing the service that provides the service. The processing circuit of each of the plurality of electronic control devices selects whether or not to receive the communication message regarding the service provided by the offering electronic control device by checking the service identifier contained in the received offer message, The processing circuit of the receiving electronic control unit, which has selected to receive the communication message for the service provided by the providing electronic control unit, among the plurality of electronic control units, modifies its settings to receive the communication message to which a value generated from the value of the service identifier contained in the received offer message, based on a specific rule, is attached as the first identifier. The processing circuit of the receiving electronic control unit performs the process of sending a subscribe message to the communication bus that includes the service identifier contained in the received offer message and is accompanied by the first identifier that is received by all of the electronic control units. The process circuit of the provider-side electronic control unit receives the subscribe message which includes the service identifier included in the offer message transmitted by the provider-side electronic control unit, and the provider-side electronic control unit starts providing the service by attaching a value generated by the provider-side electronic control unit from the value of the service identifier included in the offer message based on the specific rule as the first identifier to the communication message. How to change communication settings during network updates.

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