Communication methods, communication devices, and communication equipment, as well as storage media

Abstract

This application provides a communication method, a communication device, a communication equipment, and a storage medium. [Solution] The method includes the following: a first device determines a first frequency unit, and the first device communicates with a second device on the first frequency unit. The granularity of the first channel raster corresponding to the first frequency unit is less than or equal to the granularity of the second channel raster corresponding to the second frequency unit. The second frequency unit is used for communication between the first device and the third device. The first and second frequency units are located in the same operating band. Embodiments of this application provide a solution for determining a frequency unit, thereby enabling the first device to communicate with a second device via the first frequency unit. Furthermore, when a frequency unit is determined, the granularity of the channel raster is taken into consideration, and the granularity of the first channel raster corresponding to the first frequency unit is set to a smaller value to improve flexibility in deploying the first frequency unit.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and more particularly to communication methods, communication devices, communication equipment, and storage media. [Background technology]

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202210114704.6, filed with the China National Intellectual Property Administration on 30 January 2022 and titled "Communication Method, Communication Device, Communication Equipment, and Storage Medium," which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

[0003] With the widespread application of machine-type communication (MTC) and the Internet of Things (IoT), some communication systems, such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems and New Radio (NR) systems, support technologies like radio frequency identification (RFID) and wake-up receivers or wake-up radios (WUR) to reduce IoT application costs and power consumption. How to apply RFID and WUR technologies to communication systems to meet this requirement is an urgent issue that needs to be resolved. Regardless of the technology used, for device-to-device communication, the frequency unit used for communication must first be determined. [Overview of the Initiative]

[0004] Embodiments of this application provide a communication method, a communication device, and a communication equipment, as well as a storage medium, to provide a solution for determining the frequency unit of inter-device communication.

[0005] According to a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication method. The method includes the following: a first device determines a first frequency unit. This first device communicates with a second device on the first frequency unit. The granularity of the first channel raster corresponding to the first frequency unit is less than or equal to the granularity of the second channel raster corresponding to the second frequency unit. The second frequency unit is used for communication between the first device and the third device. The first frequency unit and the second frequency Number The knits are positioned in the same operating frequency band.

[0006] In a communication method provided in a first embodiment, when communicating with various devices, the first device determines a first frequency unit to be used for communication between the first device and a second device. The first frequency unit and the second frequency unit used for communication between the first device and a third device are located in the same operating band, and the granularity of the first channel raster corresponding to the first frequency unit is less than or equal to the granularity of the second channel raster. Embodiments of this application provide a solution for determining the frequency unit, thereby enabling the first device to communicate with the second device via the first frequency unit. Furthermore, when the frequency unit is determined, the granularity of the channel raster is taken into consideration, and the granularity of the first channel raster corresponding to the first frequency unit may be set to a smaller value to improve flexibility in deploying the first frequency unit.

[0007] The first device may communicate with other devices by transmitting or receiving signals.

[0008] In possible implementations, the frequency position where the first channel raster is located within the first frequency unit corresponds to the frequency position of the resource element within the first frequency unit, and the index of the resource element within the frequency domain is determined based on the transmission bandwidth of the first frequency unit or the transmission bandwidth of the second frequency unit.

[0009] In the communication method provided in this implementation, the first device determines the frequency position of the resource element corresponding to the first channel raster.

[0010] In possible implementations, the boundaries of resource blocks in the first frequency unit are aligned with the boundaries of resource blocks in the second frequency unit, or the boundaries of subcarriers in the first frequency unit are aligned with the boundaries of subcarriers in the second frequency unit.

[0011] In the communication method provided in this embodiment, the RB boundary in the first frequency unit must be aligned with the RB boundary in the second frequency unit to avoid resource fragmentation and a reduction in spectral utilization efficiency. The subcarrier boundary in the first frequency unit must be aligned with the subcarrier boundary in the second frequency unit to avoid interference caused to data transmission within the transmission bandwidth of the second frequency unit due to the non-orthogonal nature of the subcarriers.

[0012] In possible implementations, if the first frequency unit is included in the transmission bandwidth of the second frequency unit, the resource block boundary in the first frequency unit is aligned with the resource block boundary in the second frequency unit. Alternatively, if the first frequency unit is included in the guard band of the second frequency unit, the subcarrier boundary in the first frequency unit is aligned with the subcarrier boundary in the second frequency unit. Alternatively, if the first frequency unit is not included in the second frequency unit, and the frequency domain gap between the first and second frequency units is less than a threshold, the subcarrier boundary in the first frequency unit is aligned with the subcarrier boundary in the second frequency unit.

[0013] In the communication method provided in this implementation, if the first frequency unit is included in the transmission bandwidth of the second frequency unit, the RB boundary in the first frequency unit must be aligned with the RB boundary in the second frequency unit to avoid resource fragmentation and reduced spectral utilization efficiency. If the first frequency unit is not included in the transmission bandwidth of the second frequency unit, the subcarrier boundary in the first frequency unit must be aligned with the subcarrier boundary in the second frequency unit to avoid interference caused to data transmission within the transmission bandwidth of the second frequency unit due to the non-orthogonal nature of the subcarriers.

[0014] In possible implementations, the granularity of the first channel raster is determined based on at least one of the following: namely, the deployment mode of the first frequency unit and the subcarrier interval of the first frequency unit.

[0015] In the communication method provided in this implementation, the granularity of the first channel raster is determined based on the deployment mode of the first frequency unit and / or the subcarrier interval of the first frequency unit, thereby making the granularity of the first channel raster applicable to the current communication. For example, if the flexibility of deploying the first frequency unit is met, the granularity of the first channel raster does not need to be set to an excessively small value.

[0016] In possible implementations, within the same operating bandwidth, the granularity of the second channel raster is 100 kHz, while the granularity of the first channel raster is an integer multiple of 5 kHz, 10 kHz, or 20 kHz.

[0017] The communication method provided in this implementation offers improved flexibility in deploying the first frequency unit.

[0018] In a possible implementation, the radio frequency reference frequency corresponding to the first frequency unit satisfies the following: namely, F REF =F REF-Offs +ΔF Global (N REF -NREF-Offs ) + offset. F REF-Offs is the radio frequency reference frequency offset value, and ΔF Global is the granularity of the global channel raster, and N REF is the new radio absolute radio frequency channel number NR-ARFCN, N REF-Offs is the offset value of NR-ARFCN, and offset is the frequency offset. The value of the offset is one of {-50, -45, -40, -35, -30, -25, -20, -15, -10, -5, 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50} kHz.

[0019] In the communication method provided by this implementation, the radio frequency reference frequency is determined based on the offset with respect to the above-mentioned value, and a small value is used to determine the granularity of the first channel raster, thereby improving the flexibility of deploying the first frequency unit.

[0020] In a possible implementation, the first frequency unit includes an uplink frequency unit used to transmit an uplink signal and / or a downlink frequency unit used to transmit a downlink signal. The determination of the first frequency unit by the first device includes the following. That is, the first device determines the uplink frequency unit based on the uplink frequency position and the uplink offset. And / or, the first device determines the downlink frequency NumberDetermining the Knit. Before the first instrument determines the first frequency unit, the method includes: the first instrument determines the uplink offset and / or downlink offset based on at least one of the following: the type of frequency band in which the downlink frequency unit is located, the first capability of the second instrument, the type of the second instrument, the type of time-domain resource in which the signal carried by the downlink frequency unit resides, and the type of time-domain resource in which the signal carried by the uplink frequency unit resides. The first capability indicates whether frequency shifts of the uplink signal to uplink transmission frequency bands other than the downlink transmission frequency band in which the downlink frequency unit is located are supported.

[0021] In the communication method provided in this implementation, the first device determines a first frequency unit based on the uplink offset and / or downlink offset to avoid mutual interference caused to data transmission between communication systems because the subcarrier boundary in the first frequency unit does not align with the subcarrier boundary in other communication systems (e.g., LTE systems, etc.) (i.e., the subcarriers are not orthogonal).

[0022] In possible implementations, if the downlink frequency unit is located in the downlink transmission frequency band and the first capability indicates that frequency shifts of the uplink signal to uplink transmission frequency bands other than the downlink transmission frequency band are supported, the uplink offset is either the first or second value. Alternatively, if the first capability indicates that frequency shifts of the uplink signal to uplink transmission frequency bands other than the downlink transmission frequency band are not supported, the uplink offset is either the first value. Alternatively, if the downlink frequency unit is located in the uplink transmission frequency band, both the downlink offset and the uplink offset are either the first or second value.

[0023] In the communication method provided in this implementation, if a second device supports shifting the uplink signal relative to the uplink transmission frequency band, the subcarrier and the uplink carrier of another communication system (e.g., an LTE system) may be located in the same transmission frequency band. In this case, it is necessary to determine whether the uplink offset is a second value (i.e., the first frequency unit needs to be shifted) or a first value (i.e., the first frequency unit does not need to be shifted) to avoid the subcarrier boundary in the first frequency unit not matching the subcarrier boundary in the other communication system.

[0024] In possible implementations, the downlink and uplink transmission frequency bands are located within the same operating band.

[0025] The communication method provided in this implementation is more suitable for determining the uplink offset and / or downlink offset in FDD mode.

[0026] In possible implementations, the downlink and uplink transmission frequency bands are placed in different operating bands.

[0027] In the communication method provided in this implementation, in FDD mode, in scenarios where the downlink and uplink transmission frequency bands are not a pair of transmission frequency bands, the uplink offset and / or downlink offset are determined.

[0028] In possible implementations, if the uplink transmission frequency band is used for LTE uplink communication, the uplink offset is the second value. Alternatively, if the uplink transmission frequency band is not used for LTE uplink communication, the uplink offset is the first value.

[0029] In the communication method provided in this implementation, when the uplink transmission frequency band is used for LTE uplink communication, the first frequency unit is: In the first frequency unit A shift is necessary to implement alignment between the subcarrier boundary in the first frequency unit and the subcarrier boundary in the frequency unit of the LTE system. If the uplink transmission frequency band is not used for LTE uplink communication, the issue of alignment between the subcarrier boundary in the first frequency unit and the subcarrier boundary in the frequency unit of the LTE system does not exist, and a shift does not need to be performed.

[0030] In possible implementations, the first frequency unit is located in the TDD operating band, and if the downlink signal occupies downlink time-domain resources and the uplink signal occupies uplink time-domain resources, then both the downlink offset and the uplink offset are either the first or second value. Alternatively, if both the downlink signal and the uplink signal occupy downlink time-domain resources, then both the downlink offset and the uplink offset are either the first or second value.

[0031] In the communication method provided in this implementation, if both the uplink signal carried by the uplink frequency unit and the uplink signal of another communication system (e.g., an LTE system) can be transmitted over the uplink time-domain resource, it is necessary to further determine whether a frequency shift needs to be performed on the first frequency unit based on the uplink / downlink offset, in order to avoid a situation where the subcarrier boundary in the first frequency unit does not align with the subcarrier boundary in the frequency unit of the other communication system.

[0032] In possible implementations, if uplink time-domain resources are used for LTE uplink communication, the downlink and uplink offsets are the second value. Alternatively, if uplink time-domain resources are not used for LTE uplink communication, the downlink and uplink offsets are the first value.

[0033] In the communication method provided in this implementation, if it is determined that uplink time-domain resources will be used for LTE uplink communication, it is determined that a frequency shift must be performed on the first frequency unit based on the uplink / downlink offset to avoid a misalignment between the subcarrier boundaries in the first frequency unit and the subcarrier boundaries in the LTE frequency unit. Otherwise, a frequency shift is not required.

[0034] In possible implementations, the first value is 0 and the second value is 7.5 kHz.

[0035] In the communication method provided in this implementation, when the uplink offset / downlink offset is 0, the first frequency unit does not need to be shifted based on the uplink offset / downlink offset. When the first frequency unit does not need to be shifted based on the uplink offset / downlink offset, the uplink offset / downlink offset is 7.5 kHz, and this means that in the first frequency unit Deputy This ensures that the carrier boundary is reliably aligned with the subcarrier boundary in the LTE system.

[0036] In possible implementations, the method further includes the following: a first device receiving first configuration information, the first configuration information including one of the following: an uplink offset, a downlink offset, and the frequency domain interval between the downlink frequency position and the uplink frequency position.

[0037] The communication method provided in this implementation reduces the system overhead of the first device.

[0038] In possible implementations, if the second frequency unit is located in the uplink transmission frequency band, the uplink frequency units within the first frequency unit are located in the transmission bandwidth of the second frequency unit, and the downlink frequency units within the first frequency unit are located in the guard band of the second frequency unit. Alternatively, if the second frequency unit is located in the downlink transmission frequency band, the downlink frequency units are located in the transmission bandwidth of the second frequency unit, and the uplink frequency units are located in the guard band of the second frequency unit. Alternatively, if the first frequency unit is located in the TDD operating band, and both the downlink signal transmitted on the downlink frequency unit and the uplink signal transmitted on the uplink frequency unit, corresponding to the downlink signal, occupy downlink time-domain resources, the downlink frequency units are located in the transmission bandwidth of the second frequency unit, and the uplink frequency units are located in the guard band of the second frequency unit. Alternatively, if the first frequency unit is located in the TDD operating band, and both the downlink signal transmitted on the downlink frequency unit and the uplink signal transmitted on the uplink frequency unit, corresponding to the downlink signal, occupy the uplink time-domain resources, then the downlink frequency unit is located in the guard band of the second frequency unit, and the uplink frequency unit is located in the guard band of the second frequency unit.

[0039] In the communication method provided in this implementation, for various scenarios where the direction of reception and transmission may differ, the downlink and uplink frequency units within the first frequency unit are deployed separately in the transmission bandwidth or guard band of the second frequency unit to avoid the problem of signal interference caused by the differing directions of reception and transmission between the first and second frequency units.

[0040] In possible implementations, the method further includes the following: the first device transmits first configuration information to the second device, the first configuration information representing at least one of the following: the uplink offset, the downlink frequency position and the frequency domain interval between the uplink frequency positions, and the uplink frequency unit.

[0041] In the communication method provided in this implementation, the first device can flexibly configure the second device, reducing the system overhead of the second device. Furthermore, the first device implements communication between the second and first devices by providing the second device with parameters that cannot be determined based on the capabilities of the second device.

[0042] According to a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device. The communication device can perform the procedure of the first aspect. For example, the communication device may include: a processing unit configured to determine a first frequency unit; and a transceiver unit configured to communicate with a second device on the first frequency unit. The granularity of the first channel raster corresponding to the first frequency unit is less than or equal to the granularity of the second channel raster corresponding to the second frequency unit. The second frequency unit is used for communication between the communication device and a third device. Number The knits are positioned in the same operating frequency band.

[0043] For the beneficial effects of the communication device provided in the second embodiment and possible implementations of the second embodiment, please refer to the beneficial effects brought about by the first embodiment and possible implementations of the first embodiment. Further details are not described herein.

[0044] According to a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device including a processor and memory. The memory is configured to store computer programs. The processor is configured to call and execute computer programs stored in memory to perform a method according to the first aspect or any one of the possible implementations.

[0045] According to a fourth aspect, one embodiment of the present application provides a chip including a processor configured to call computer instructions from memory and execute those computer instructions, causing a device on which the chip is installed to perform a method according to the first aspect or any one of the possible implementations.

[0046] According to the fifth aspect, one embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium configured to store computer program instructions. The computer program causes the computer to execute a method according to the first aspect or any one of the possible implementations.

[0047] According to the sixth aspect, one embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product including computer program instructions, which cause a computer to execute a method according to the first aspect or any one of the possible implementations. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0048] [Figure 1] This figure shows a communication system applicable to one embodiment of this application. [Figure 2a] This figure shows the RFID communication system related to this application. [Figure 2b]This figure shows a segmented architecture RFID communication system related to this application. [Figure 2c] This figure shows a centralized architecture RFID communication system according to the present application. [Figure 3a] This figure shows one type of WUR communication relating to this application. [Figure 3b] This figure shows another type of WUR communication relating to this application. [Figure 4] This figure shows the envelope detection method related to this application. [Figure 5] This figure shows the backscatter communication method related to this application. [Figure 6] This figure shows the common resource block related to this application. [Figure 7] This figure shows the positional relationship of the frequency domain between the bandwidth portion and the carrier wave according to the present application. [Figure 8] This is a schematic interaction flowchart illustrating a communication method 400 according to one embodiment of this application. [Figure 9a] This figure shows one deployment mode of a frequency unit according to one embodiment of the present application. [Figure 9b] This figure shows another deployment mode of the frequency unit according to one embodiment of the present application. [Figure 9c] This figure shows another deployment mode of the frequency unit according to one embodiment of the present application. [Figure 10] This figure shows a frequency unit according to one embodiment of the present application. [Figure 11] This is an interaction flowchart illustrating a communication method 500 according to one embodiment of this application. [Figure 12a] This figure shows a type of uplink / downlink transmission in FDD mode according to one embodiment of the present application. [Figure 12b] This figure shows another type of uplink / downlink transmission in FDD mode according to one embodiment of the present application. [Figure 12c]This figure shows another type of uplink / downlink transmission in FDD mode according to one embodiment of the present application. [Figure 13a] This figure shows a type of uplink / downlink transmission in TDD mode according to one embodiment of the present application. [Figure 13b] This figure shows another type of uplink / downlink transmission in TDD mode according to one embodiment of the present application. [Figure 13c] This figure shows another type of uplink / downlink transmission in TDD mode according to one embodiment of the present application. [Figure 14a] This figure shows one deployment mode of an uplink / downlink frequency unit according to one embodiment of the present application. [Figure 14b] This figure shows another deployment mode of an uplink / downlink frequency unit according to one embodiment of the present application. [Figure 14c] This figure shows another deployment mode of an uplink / downlink frequency unit according to one embodiment of the present application. [Figure 14d] This figure shows another deployment mode of an uplink / downlink frequency unit according to one embodiment of the present application. [Figure 15] This is a block diagram showing a communication device according to one embodiment of the present application. [Figure 16] This is another block diagram showing a communication device according to one embodiment of this application. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0049] The technical solution of this application will be described below with reference to the attached drawings.

[0050] The communication methods provided in this application are applicable to various communication systems, such as Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) systems, General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) systems, Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems, Advanced Long Term Evolution (LTE-A) systems, New Radio (NR) systems, evolved NR systems, LTE-based access to unlicensed spectrum (LTE-U) systems in unlicensed frequency bands, NR-based access to unlicensed spectrum (NR-U) systems in unlicensed frequency bands, Non-Terrestrial Network (NTN) systems, Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi), and fifth-generation (5) systems. th It can be applied to Generation (5G) communication systems or other communication systems.

[0051] Terminal devices may be stations (ST) within a WLAN and may include cellular phones, cordless phones, Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) phones, Wireless Local Loop (WLL) stations, Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) devices, handheld devices with wireless communication capabilities, computing devices, other processing devices connected to wireless modems, in-vehicle devices, wearable devices, next-generation communication systems, such as terminal devices in an NR network, or terminal devices in a future evolved Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) network, or similar.

[0052] In the embodiments of this application, the terminal device may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a computer with wireless transceiver functionality, a virtual reality (VR) terminal device, an augmented reality (AR) terminal device, a wireless terminal device in industrial control, a wireless terminal device in self-driving, a wireless terminal device in remote medical care, a wireless terminal device in a smart grid, a wireless terminal device in transportation safety, a wireless terminal device in a smart city, a wireless terminal device in a smart home, or similar.

[0053] As an example, and not an limitation, in the embodiments of this application, the terminal device may alternatively be a wearable device. Wearable devices, sometimes called wearable intelligent devices, are a general term for wearable devices that are intelligently designed and developed for everyday wear by using wearable technology, such as eyeglasses, gloves, watches, clothing, and shoes. Wearable devices are portable devices that can be worn directly on the body or incorporated into the user's clothing or accessories.

[0054] In embodiments of this application, network equipment may be equipment configured to communicate with mobile devices. Network equipment may be an access point (AP) in a WLAN, a base transceiver station (BTS) in GSM or CDMA, a node B (NB) in WCDMA, an evolved node B (eNB or eNodeB) in LTE, a relay station in an NR network, an access point, in-vehicle equipment, a wearable device, network equipment or gNB (gNB), network equipment in a future evolved PLMN network, network equipment in an NTN network, or similar.

[0055] In embodiments of this application, network equipment may provide services to cells, and terminal equipment communicates with network equipment by using transmission resources (e.g., called frequency domain resources or spectral resources) used by the cells. A cell may be a cell corresponding to network equipment (e.g., a base station). A cell may belong to a macro base station or to a base station corresponding to a small cell. Small cells as defined herein may include metro cells, micro cells, pico cells, femto cells, and similar types. These small cells have the characteristics of low coverage and low transmission power and are applicable to providing high-speed data transmission services.

[0056] It should be understood that this application does not limit the specific forms of network equipment and terminal equipment.

[0057] First, to facilitate understanding of the embodiments of this application, a communication system applicable to the embodiments of this application will be described in detail with reference to Figure 1. Figure 1 shows a communication system applicable to a communication method according to one embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 1, the communication system 100 may include network equipment and terminal equipment. There may be one or more network devices and one or more terminal devices, for example, network devices 111 and 112 shown in Figure 1, and terminal devices 121 to 128. In the communication system 100, network device 111 may communicate with one or more of terminal devices 121 to 126 via a wireless air interface, and network device 111 may communicate with one or more of terminal devices 127 and 128 via network device 112. Furthermore, terminal devices 124 to 126 may form a communication system 101. In the communication system 101, terminal device 124 may communicate with one or more of terminal devices 125 and 126 via a wireless air interface. The network device 112, and terminal devices 127 and 128, may form a communication system 102. In the communication system 102, the network device 112 may communicate with one or more of the terminal devices 127 and 128 via a wireless air interface.

[0058] It should be understood that communication system 101 may be a subsystem of communication system 100, or it may be a communication system independent of communication system 100. Communication system 102 may be a subsystem of communication system 100, or it may be a communication system independent of communication system 100.

[0059] Figure 1 is merely illustrative and shows two network devices and eight terminal devices within communication system 100. It should be further understood that three terminal devices are located within communication system 101, and one network device and two terminal devices are located within communication system 102. However, this does not constitute any limitation to the present application. Any of the above-described communication systems may include more or fewer network devices, or more or fewer terminal devices. This is not limited to the present embodiments of the present application.

[0060] With the proliferation of MTC and Internet of Things (IoT) communications within 5G NR systems, more IoT devices—such as smart water meters, shared bicycles, smart cities, environmental monitoring, smart homes, and forest fire prevention devices—targeted at detection and data collection are being deployed in people's lives. Therefore, in the future, IoT devices will be ubiquitous, potentially embedded in every piece of clothing, every piece of luggage, and every key. Almost all offline objects will come online through the realization of Internet of Things technology.

[0061] To further popularize IoT and embed IoT modules within the human body or smaller objects, it is necessary to use smaller batteries, or even eliminate battery limitations entirely, or to design methods to reduce the power consumption of wireless transceivers in order to overcome the limitations of cost, size, power consumption, and similar factors in IoT devices. Therefore, Passive IoT and Passive WUR will be introduced in 5G NR systems. Passive IoT will be developed based on ideas from current RFID technology, which is developing and being used on a large scale. Because power modules are eliminated, the size of passive RFID products can reach the centimeter level or even smaller. Furthermore, due to the simple configuration and low cost of passive RFID products, a low failure rate and long service life will be achieved.

[0062] The following will first explain RFID technology and WUR technology.

[0063] 1. RFID Technology: RFID technology is a contactless automatic identification technology that uses radio frequency signals to automatically identify target objects and acquire related data.

[0064] Typically, an RFID system includes a reader and a tag. Referring to Figure 2a, the reader sends an excitation signal to the tag to charge it. The tag receives the signaling transmitted by the reader and transmits a backscatter signal to the reader in a backscatter communication scheme. In this way, the reader can identify the tag's identifier (identity document, ID) and perform operations on the tag, such as read / write operations.

[0065] It should be noted that the excitation signal transmitted to the tag by the reader may be a downlink signal or one of the following downlink signals, and the backscatter signal may be an uplink signal or one of the following uplink signals. The tag transmits the backscatter signal to the reader in a backscatter communication scheme, and specifically, the tag transmits the uplink signal by using the carrier wave provided by the downlink signal.

[0066] Currently, the following two methods are commonly used to extend the effective operating range of RFID.

[0067] Method 1: Split Architecture: Referring to Figure 2b, the split reader includes a helper and a receiver. The helper transmits an excitation signal to the tag via the forward link, and the receiver receives a backscatter signal from the tag via the reverse link. Furthermore, the receiver generates RFID-related downlink signaling and transmits that downlink signaling to the helper via the fronthaul link. The helper then forwards the downlink signaling via the forward link.

[0068] Method 2: Centralized or Integrated Architecture: Referring to Figure 2c, in addition to the excitation and backscattering of signals between the leader and tag over forward and reverse links, the leader may further communicate with a central control unit (e.g., a base station), which may perform scheduling, control, and similar operations for the forward link resources used by the leader, as well as transmission operations.

[0069] In this embodiment of the present application, NR technology may be used for communication between a helper and a receiver in Method 1, and between a reader and a central control unit in Method 2, in order to support RFID in an NR system.

[0070] 2. WUR technology: After the primary connection radio (PCR), sometimes called the primary receiver, which has high power consumption, enters sleep mode, a companion radio, sometimes called the wake-up receiver (WUR), which has low power consumption, monitors the wake-up frame transmitted by the AP. The companion radio detects the wake-up frame through monitoring and then wakes up the PCR.

[0071] Referring to Figure 3a, the primary receiver 311 and wake-up receiver 312 are located within the receiving end device 310. When the transmitting end device 320 (e.g., AP or terminal device) is not transmitting data, the primary receiver is turned off, also known as sleep mode, and the wake-up receiver is turned on. Referring to Figure 3b, when the transmitting end device 320 transmits data, the transmitting end device 320 first transmits wake-up data (e.g., the wake-up frame described above), and the receiving end device 310 turns on the wake-up receiver 312. 2 After receiving wake-up data via the primary receiver 31, the receiving end device 310 receives the wake-up data via the primary receiver 31. 1 This activates the primary receiver, which is also called the active state. In this case, after the transmitting end device 320 sends wake-up data, the receiving end device 310 receives the data transmitted by the transmitting end device 320 via the primary receiver 311.

[0072] It should be noted that the wake-up machine's information bits are modulated into on-off keying (OOK) symbols. At the receiving end, OOK demodulation does not require any channel equalization in the frequency or time domain. Therefore, the receiving end performs monitoring by performing incoherent detection (e.g., envelope detection) via the wake-up receiver. When incoherent detection is performed, the receiving end does not need to maintain / track a high-precision transmission rate. This allows for the avoidance of phase-locked loops and further reduction of power consumption at the receiving end.

[0073] It should be understood that the OOK symbol is merely an example of the WUR wake-up frame and does not constitute any limitation to this application.

[0074] RFID technology applied to NR systems is sometimes referred to as, for example, Passive IoT. The Passive IoT transmission mechanism provided in this application is similar to an RFID transmission mechanism. In Passive IoT, Passive IoT devices (e.g., tags) can be battery-free, or in other words, they do not have a battery or wired power supply for power supply, or do not rely primarily on them. However, the absence of a power module in a Passive IoT device does not mean that the Passive IoT device does not require the use of power. Passive IoT devices can obtain energy from ambient light, heat, and radio frequencies to support the sensing, wireless transmission, distributed computing, and similar functions of the Internet of Things data. Alternatively, a Passive IoT device may be a Passive Energy Storage Device or a Semi-Passive Device. A Passive Energy Storage Device has an energy storage device. Semi-passive devices have batteries, but the battery power supply only provides auxiliary support to circuits that need power to maintain data within the tag, or circuits that need voltage to operate the tag chip, or tag circuits that consume little power. Also, the battery size is relatively small.

[0075] For example, Figures 4 and 5 show the passive IoT communication down Link communication method and up This diagram shows the link communication method.

[0076] For example, as shown in Figure 4, Figure 4 is a diagram illustrating a downlink communication method in passive IoT.

[0077] leader The amplitude-modulated signal is transmitted via the downlink. tagThe signal is transmitted to the tag, and the tag receives the amplitude-modulated signal. An envelope detector can be used to obtain low-frequency signals within the amplitude-modulated signal by performing envelope detection on the amplitude-modulated signal. An envelope detector mainly includes a diode and resistor-capacitor circuit (RC), i.e., an oscillator circuit, as shown in Figure 4.

[0078] The envelope detection circuit shown in Figure 4 can be understood as representing the most conventional basic circuit configuration. More advanced configurations of the envelope detection circuit are not described in detail herein. The configuration of the envelope detection circuit used by the tag is not limited to these embodiments of the present application.

[0079] For example, as shown in Figure 5, Figure 5 is a diagram illustrating an uplink communication method in passive IoT.

[0080] The tags cannot provide their own power, and there are no conditions for connecting to a wired power source for the data transmission they perform. Therefore, in order for the tags to perform data transmission and other operations such as data processing, they need to obtain energy from the external environment.

[0081] Specifically, upon receiving a carrier signal transmitted by the reader, the tag may use energy obtained from the electromagnetic field generated in space to drive the chip to transmit the information stored in the tag.

[0082] The uplink communication method in passive IoT communication shown in Figure 5 may be understood to be merely illustrative. In some other embodiments of this application, the tag may further acquire energy, such as ambient light and heat, to drive a chip to transmit the information stored in the tag. As described above, the tag may be a passive energy storage device or a semi-passive device.

[0083] It should be understood that "passive IoT" is merely an illustrative term, and other alternative expressions also fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0084] It should be further understood that the information exchange procedures and signaling formats in passive IoT scenarios are merely examples and not restrictive descriptions.

[0085] Currently, in order to apply RFID technology, WUR technology, or similar technologies to communication systems, determining the frequency unit between the primary devices in an NR system (e.g., transmitting reader, AP, and terminal equipment) and transmitting uplink or downlink data over that frequency unit is an urgent issue that needs to be resolved.

[0086] To address the aforementioned problems, embodiments of this application provide a solution for determining frequency units, thereby enabling a first device and a second device to communicate with each other in an NR system, an LTE system, or another similar communication system. Certainly, the solution for determining frequency units provided in this application is not limited to the RFID technology, WUR technology, or any similar technology described above. Regardless of the technology used, for inter-device communication, the frequency units for communication can be determined based on the solution provided in embodiments of this application.

[0087] Furthermore, in embodiments of this application, frequency units for communication between a first device and various other devices (e.g., a first frequency unit used for communication with a second device, and a second frequency unit used for communication with a third device) are arranged in the same operating band. When determining the frequency units, the granularity of the channel raster is taken into consideration, and for example, the granularity of the first channel raster corresponding to the first frequency unit is set to a smaller value to improve the flexibility of arranging the frequency units.

[0088] To help understand the embodiments of this application, we will first briefly explain the terms used herein.

[0089] 1. Operating bandwidth:

[0090] 5G NR defines two frequency ranges, FR1 and FR2. FR1 represents the low-frequency band, and FR2 represents the millimeter-wave high-frequency band.

[0091] For example, NR may operate within the operating band of FR1 shown in Table 1, where FR1 includes multiple operating bands in NR. Each operating band has a corresponding number, lower and upper frequency boundaries for uplink transmission (e.g., transmission from terminal to base station), lower and upper frequency boundaries for downlink transmission (e.g., transmission from base station to terminal), and duplex mode. As shown in Table 1, for an operating band numbered n1, the lower frequency boundary for uplink transmission of the operating band is F UL_low The upper frequency boundary F is 1920MHz, which is the upper limit of the uplink transmission operating bandwidth. UL_high The lower frequency boundary F of the downlink transmission in the operating bandwidth is 1980 MHz. DL_low The upper frequency boundary F is 2110MHz, which is the upper limit of downlink transmission in the operating bandwidth. DL_high The operating frequency is 2170 MHz, and the duplex mode used depending on the operating bandwidth is frequency division duplex (FDD). As shown in Table 1, for the operating bandwidth numbered n39, the lower frequency boundary for both uplink and downlink transmissions of the operating bandwidth is 1880 MHz, and the upper frequency boundary for both uplink and downlink transmissions of the operating bandwidth is 1920 MHz, and the duplex mode used depending on the operating bandwidth is time division duplex (TDD).

[0092] [Table 1-1]

[0093] [Table 1-2]

[0094] In addition to the FDD and TDD duplex modes described above, the duplex modes used by NR may further include a supplementary downlink (SDL) to increase the NR's downlink coverage and a supplementary uplink (SUL) to increase the NR's uplink coverage, as shown in Table 1. Both SDL and SUL are independent operating bandwidths and do not exist as a pair.

[0095] 2. Numerology: Numerology is introduced in NR systems to adapt to OFDM waveforms with multiple different subcarrier intervals. This allows the subcarrier interval to be adapted based on various application scenarios without limitations.

[0096] Table 2 shows the transmission numerologies supported by the NR system.

[0097] [Table 2]

[0098] Δf is the subcarrier interval, and μ is a non-negative integer.

[0099] 3 Antenna port: An antenna port is defined such that the channel of a symbol transmitted over that antenna port can be inferred from the channels of other symbols transmitted over the same antenna port; in other words, the channel environment experienced by various signals transmitted over the same antenna port is the same.

[0100] 4A resource grid, or simply called a resource grid, is a grid where one resource grid corresponds to one numerology and one carrier wave.

[0101]

number

[0102] Individual subcarriers and

[0103]

number

[0104] Contains OFDM symbols. When the subcarrier spacing configuration is μ,

[0105]

number

[0106] This is a resource block within a single resource grid (resource block This represents the quantity of RBs.

[0107]

number

[0108] This represents the number of subcarriers within a single RB. Optionally,

[0109]

number

[0110] This is equivalent to 12 consecutive subcarriers.

[0111] It should be understood that there is one resource grid group for each transmission direction (uplink or downlink). Given an antenna port p, subcarrier spacing configuration μ, and transmission direction (downlink or uplink), there is one resource grid.

[0112] The starting resource block of the resource grid is the common resource block (CRB).

[0113] 5 Resource element (RE): Each element in the resource grid used for the antenna port p and subcarrier spacing configuration μ is called a resource element, (k,l) p,μ A resource element is uniquely identified by k, where k is the index of the RE in the frequency domain and l is the symbol of the RE, representing the relative position of the symbol from a reference point in the time domain. (Resource element (k,l)) p,μ This involves physical resources and complex values.

[0114]

number

[0115] Corresponds to the following: If there is no risk of confusion, or if a specific antenna port or subcarrier interval is not specified, indices p and μ may be dropped, and as a result,

[0116]

number

[0117] or a k,l This is the result.

[0118] 6Common resource blocks: For a subcarrier spacing configuration μ, common resource blocks are numbered sequentially from 0 in the frequency domain. The center frequency of subcarrier 0 of common resource block 0 in the subcarrier spacing configuration μ coincides with the common reference point of the resource grid, i.e., point A. See Figure 6.

[0119] 7 Physical resource block: The physical resource block of the subcarrier spacing configuration μ is defined in the bandwidth part (BWP).

[0120] 8 .BWP: A given numerology μ in BWP i on a given carrier wave. i In contrast, BWP is a subset of continuous CRB. The frequency position relationship between BWP and the carrier wave can be shown in Figure 7.

[0121] Typically, terminal equipment may be configured with up to four BWPs on the downlink, with one downlink BWP being active at a given time. Terminal equipment may be configured with up to four BWPs on the uplink, with one uplink BWP being active at a given time. If terminal equipment is configured with a supplementary uplink, terminal equipment may be additionally configured with up to four bandwidth portions on the supplementary uplink, with a single supplementary uplink BWP being active at a given time.

[0122] 9 Global frequency raster

[0123] In NR systems, the global frequency raster is a radio frequency (RF) reference frequency F REFThis defines a group. The RF reference frequency is used in signaling to identify the RF channel, synchronization signal (SS) block, and the location of another element. The global frequency raster is defined for all frequencies from 0 to 100 GHz. The granularity of the global frequency raster is ΔF Global That is the case.

[0124] When the frequency range is 0 to 24250 MHz, the RF reference frequency is specified by the NR absolute radio frequency channel number (NR-ARFCN) within the range (0 to 2016666) on the global frequency raster. NR-ARFCN and RF reference frequency F REF The relationship between (MHz) is given by the following equation: F REF-Offs and N REF-Offs The values ​​are given in Table 3, and N REF It is NR-ARFCN. F REF =F REF-Offs +ΔF Global (N REF -N REF-Offs )

[0125] [Table 3]

[0126] 10 .Channel raster

[0127] In NR systems, channel rasters can be used to define a subset of radio frequency reference frequencies and to identify the location of radio frequency channels in uplink and downlink transmissions. The RF reference frequencies of RF channels are mapped to resource elements on the carrier. For each operating frequency band, a frequency subset from the global frequency raster is applicable to the frequency band, with a granularity of ΔF. Raster A channel raster is formed, and ΔF Raster is ΔF GlobalThe above is possible. For example, for an NR operating frequency band with a 100kHz channel raster, ΔF Raster = 20 × ΔF Global These are, for example, operating bands n1 and n2. For channel rasters and applicable NR-ARFCNs for each operating band in the NR system, see Table 5.4.2.3-1 in 3GPP TS38.101-1 V17.3.0. For NR-ARFCNs permitted in frequency bands n46 and n47, see Tables 5.4.2.3-2 and 5.4.2.3-3, respectively, in 3GPP TS38.101-1 V17.3.0. Due to length limitations, Table 4 is only an excerpt from Table 5.4.2.3-1.

[0128] [Table 4]

[0129] Refer to Table 5 for the mapping between the RF reference frequency and the corresponding resource element on the channel raster. The location of the RF channel can be determined based on the mapping relationships shown in Table 5. The mapping is based on the total number of resource blocks (RBs) allocated to the RF channel N. RB It depends on the total number of resource blocks N allocated to the RF channel. For example, the total number of resource blocks N RB If the number is even, the RF channel is its physical resource block index but

[0130]

number

[0131] Therefore, it is placed on the resource element whose resource element index is k=0. Alternatively, the total number of resource blocks N allocated to the RF channel. RB If the number is odd, the RF channel's physical resource block index is

[0132]

number

[0133] It is placed on the resource element whose resource element index is k=6.

[0134] The mapping relationship between RF reference frequencies and resource elements is applicable to uplink (UL) and downlink (DL) in NR systems.

[0135] [Table 5]

[0136] a mod b represents the remainder obtained when a is divided by b.

[0137] To facilitate understanding of the embodiments of this application, the following explanations are provided.

[0138] Firstly, in the following embodiments, the first number, the second number, and various numbers are used simply for distinction to facilitate explanation and are not used to limit the scope of the embodiments of this application. For example, distinctions are made between various devices, frequency units, and channel rasters.

[0139] Secondly, the “protocol” included in the embodiments of this application may refer to standard protocols in the field of communications, and may include, for example, the LTE protocol, the NR protocol, and related protocols applicable to future communications systems. This is not limited to the present application.

[0140] Thirdly, in the embodiments of this application, all statements such as “when,” “in some cases,” and “if” mean that the device (e.g., network device or terminal device) will perform the corresponding process in objective circumstances, and do not limit the time. Furthermore, the device (e.g., network device or terminal device) is not necessarily required to perform the decision action during implementation, and this does not imply any other limitations.

[0141] The sidelink transmission method provided in the embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings.

[0142] It should be understood that, for the sake of ease of understanding and explanation, the interaction between the first and second devices is used below as an example to illustrate in detail the method provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0143] The first device is, for example, the tag or tag-related device (or a device having tag-related functions) as described above. Device The second device may be a terminal device to which the above-mentioned reader, reader-related device (or device having reader-related functions) is deployed. Device The first device may be a terminal device on which a tag-related device is deployed, or it may be a network device on which a reader-related device is deployed. If the first device is a terminal device on which a tag-related device is deployed and the second device is a terminal device on which a reader-related device is deployed, the first device may be terminal device 125 or 126 in Figure 1, and the second device may be terminal device 124 in Figure 1. If the first device is a terminal device on which a tag is deployed and the second device is a network device on which a reader is deployed, the first device may be any one of terminal devices 121 to 123 in Figure 1, and the second device may be network device 111 in Figure 1, or the first device may be terminal device 127 or 128 in Figure 1, and the second device may be network device 112 in Figure 1.

[0144] The first device may be, for example, the wake-up machine described above, or the terminal device on which the wake-up machine is deployed. The second device may be, for example, network equipment (e.g., a base station or AP, etc.), or the second device may be terminal equipment. If the first device is terminal equipment on which the wake-up machine is deployed and the second device is terminal equipment, the first device may be terminal equipment 125 or 126 in Figure 1, and the second device may be terminal equipment 124 in Figure 1. If the first device is terminal equipment on which the wake-up machine is deployed and the second device is network equipment, the first device may be any one of terminal equipment 121 to 123 in Figure 1, and the second device may be network equipment 111 in Figure 1, or the first device may be terminal equipment 127 or 128 in Figure 1, and the second device may be network equipment 112 in Figure 1.

[0145] Embodiments of this application further include a third device. The first device communicates separately with the second and third devices via different frequency units. The third device may be a network device or a terminal device; however, this is not limited to this application.

[0146] However, it should be understood that this does not constitute any limitation on the execution body of the method provided in this application. Any device capable of performing the method provided in this application by executing a program that records the code of the method provided in the embodiments of this application may be used as the execution body of the method provided in the embodiments of this application. For example, the first device shown in the following embodiments may be replaced by an alternative component within the first device, e.g., a chip, a chip system, or another functional module capable of calling and executing a program. The second device may be replaced by an alternative component within the second device, e.g., a chip, a chip system, or another functional module capable of calling and executing a program. The third device may be replaced by an alternative component within the third device, e.g., a chip, a chip system, or another functional module capable of calling and executing a program.

[0147] Figure 8 is a schematic interaction flowchart showing a communication method 400 according to one embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 8, method 400 may include some or all of steps S410-1, S410-2, S420-1, and S420-2. Each step in method 400 will be described in detail below.

[0148] S410-1: The first device determines the first frequency unit.

[0149] S410-2: The second device determines the first frequency unit.

[0150] S420-1: The first device transmits a downlink signal to the second device on the first frequency unit. In response, the second device receives a downlink signal from the first device on the first frequency unit.

[0151] S420-2: The second device transmits an uplink signal to the first device on the first frequency unit. In response, the first device receives the uplink signal from the second device on the first frequency unit.

[0152] In other words, the first frequency unit is determined to be used for communication between the first and second devices. This communication may involve the transmission or reception of signals.

[0153] The execution of S410-1 and S410-2 does not follow any particular order in this application. S410-2 may be performed before S410-1 if the second device needs to determine the first frequency unit based on the configuration of the first device.

[0154] Either S420-1 or S420-2 may be performed, or S420-1 and S420-2 may be performed sequentially. For example, after receiving a downlink signal transmitted by the first device, the second device transmits an uplink signal to the first device. In this way, the first device communicates with the second device on the first frequency unit.

[0155] The granularity of the first channel raster corresponding to the first frequency unit is less than or equal to the granularity of the second channel raster corresponding to the second frequency unit. The second frequency unit is used for communication between the first and third devices. Number The knits are positioned in the same operating frequency band.

[0156] The first frequency unit may be a carrier wave or a BWP. For example, if the first device communicates with the second device based on passive IoT technology, the first frequency unit may be a carrier wave configured for passive IoT (abbreviated as the passive IoT carrier wave). As another example, if the first device communicates with the second device based on WUR technology, the first frequency unit may be a carrier wave configured for WUR (abbreviated as the WUR carrier wave). The passive IoT carrier wave and the WUR carrier wave may be the same carrier wave or different carrier waves.

[0157] The first frequency unit may be a frequency unit used for uplink transmission, for example, an uplink frequency unit. Alternatively, the first frequency unit may be a frequency unit used for downlink transmission, for example, a downlink frequency unit. Alternatively, the first frequency unit may include a frequency unit used for uplink transmission and a frequency unit used for downlink transmission. In other words, the first frequency unit includes an uplink frequency unit and a downlink frequency unit. In some embodiments, the uplink frequency unit and the downlink frequency unit may be the same frequency unit. In other words, the first frequency unit is a frequency unit used for both uplink and downlink transmission.

[0158] If the first frequency unit is an uplink frequency unit, S420-2 may include the following: the first device receives an uplink signal from the second device on the uplink frequency unit. In response, the second device transmits an uplink signal to the first device on the uplink frequency unit. If the first frequency unit is a downlink frequency unit, S420-1 may include the following: the first device transmits a downlink signal to the second device on the downlink frequency unit. In response, the second device receives a downlink signal from the first device on the downlink frequency unit. If the first frequency unit includes both an uplink frequency unit and a downlink frequency unit, the first device transmits a downlink signal to the second device on the downlink frequency unit within the first frequency unit and receives an uplink signal from the second device on the uplink frequency unit within the first frequency unit.

[0159] If the first frequency unit is a WUR carrier, the downlink signal may be, for example, a wake-up signal, and the first device may transmit the wake-up signal to the second device on the downlink frequency unit.

[0160] If the first frequency unit is a passive IoT carrier, the downlink signal may be a carrier signal, or it may be downlink signaling and / or data, and the uplink signal may be a backscattered signal based on the carrier signal. For example, the first device transmits a carrier signal to the second device on the downlink frequency unit, and in a carrier-based backscatter communication scheme, the uplink frequency unit receives the backscattered signal transmitted by the second device. In this case, the carrier signal transmitted by the first device and the backscattered signal transmitted by the second device overlap in the time domain.

[0161] The difference between carrier signals and downlink signaling / data lies in the following: The carrier signal is used to provide a carrier for uplink backscattering or to provide energy for passive tags; the waveform corresponding to the carrier signal can be a sine or cosine wave at a given frequency; or amplitude modulation and / or phase modulation is not performed on the waveform corresponding to the carrier signal; or amplitude modulation and / or phase modulation is performed on the waveform corresponding to the carrier signal, but the overall amplitude is received as transmitted data. believer side It is not sufficient for interpretation by the receiver. Amplitude modulation and / or phase modulation are performed on the waveform corresponding to the downlink signaling / downlink data, and the overall amplitude is sufficient for the receiver to interpret it as transmitted data.

[0162] It can be understood that before the second device communicates with the first device, the second device may determine the first frequency unit, or may obtain the first frequency unit from the first configuration information transmitted and received by the first device.

[0163] The second frequency unit may be a carrier wave. For example, the second frequency unit may be an NR carrier wave configured within an NR system. Similar to the first frequency unit, the second frequency unit may be a frequency unit used for uplink transmission, or a frequency unit used for downlink transmission, or it may include a frequency unit used for uplink transmission and a frequency unit used for downlink transmission.

[0164] If the first frequency unit includes an uplink frequency unit and a downlink frequency unit, then the placement of the first and second frequency units in the same operating band may mean that the uplink frequency units in the first and second frequency units are in the same operating band, or that the downlink frequency units in the first and second frequency units are in the same operating band, or that all of the uplink frequency units and the second frequency units in the first and downlink frequency units are in the same operating band.

[0165] If the first frequency unit includes an uplink frequency unit and a downlink frequency unit, and the second frequency unit includes a frequency unit used for uplink transmission and a frequency unit used for downlink transmission, then the arrangement of the first and second frequency units in the same operating band may include at least one of the following examples:

[0166] Example 1: The uplink frequency unit in the first frequency unit and the frequency unit in the second frequency unit used for uplink transmission are located in the same operating band. Example 2: The downlink frequency unit in the first frequency unit and the frequency unit in the second frequency unit used for downlink transmission are located in the same operating band. Example 3: The uplink frequency unit in the first frequency unit and the frequency unit in the second frequency unit used for downlink transmission are located in the same operating band. Example 4: The downlink frequency unit in the first frequency unit and the frequency unit in the second frequency unit used for uplink transmission are located in the same operating band.

[0167] If at least three of Examples 1 to 4 include the first frequency unit and the second frequency unit being located in the same operating band, then it is indicated that all uplink and downlink frequency units within the first frequency unit, as well as all frequency units within the second frequency unit used for uplink and downlink transmission, are located in the same operating band.

[0168] Assuming that communication method 400 is applied to an NR communication system, the operating band in which the first and second frequency units are located may be, for example, the NR operating band in Table 1. For example, both the first and second frequency units may be deployed in the operating band corresponding to n1.

[0169] Optionally, the first frequency unit may have various deployment modes. See Figures 9a to 9c. The second frequency unit (e.g., NR carrier) includes a transmission bandwidth (e.g., NR transmission bandwidth) and a guard band (e.g., NR guard band). The transmission bandwidth of the second frequency unit is N RB Individual RBs, for example, RB #0 to RB #N RB This includes -1. For example, the first frequency unit may be deployed in the transmission bandwidth of the second frequency unit, and the first frequency unit may occupy one or more RBs in the second frequency unit. As shown in Figure 9a, the first frequency unit occupies RB #1 in the second frequency unit. Alternatively, the first frequency unit may be deployed in the guard band of the second frequency unit. See Figure 9b. Alternatively, the frequency domain spacing between the first and second frequency units is less than a threshold. See Figure 9c. Referring to Figures 9a to 9c, a resource element in the first frequency unit that corresponds to the first channel raster in the first frequency unit may be a resource element in the first frequency unit, and the index of the RB in which the resource element is located is given by the formula in Table 5.

[0170]

number

[0171] It can satisfy,

[0172]

number

[0173] It can be understood that is the quantity of RB included in the transmission bandwidth of the first frequency unit. Resource elements in the second frequency unit, which correspond to the second channel raster in the second frequency unit, can be resource elements in the second frequency unit, and the index of the RB in which the resource element is located is given by the formula in Table 5.

[0174]

number

[0175] It may satisfy this condition.

[0176] Regarding the relative positional relationship between the first and second frequency units deployed in the frequency domain, the frequency domain resource relationship between the first and second frequency units further includes the following three possible examples:

[0177] In the first example, when the first frequency unit is deployed in the transmission bandwidth of the second frequency unit, the RB boundary in the first frequency unit needs to be aligned with the RB boundary in the second frequency unit in order to avoid causing resource fragmentation and reducing spectral utilization efficiency.

[0178] In the second example, if the first frequency unit is deployed in the guard band of the second frequency unit, the subcarrier boundary in the first frequency unit may be aligned with the subcarrier boundary in the second frequency unit to avoid interference caused to data transmission within the transmission bandwidth of the second frequency unit, since the subcarriers are non-orthogonal. In this case, the frequency domain resources occupied by the first frequency unit do not overlap with the transmission bandwidth of the second frequency unit, and the spectral utilization efficiency of the second frequency unit is unaffected if the RB boundary in the first frequency unit is not aligned with the RB boundary in the second frequency unit. Therefore, whether or not the RB boundary in the first frequency unit is aligned with the RB boundary in the second frequency unit may not be limited.

[0179] In the third example, if the frequency domain interval between the first and second frequency units is less than a threshold, then, as in the second example, the subcarrier boundary in the first frequency unit may be aligned with the subcarrier boundary in the second frequency unit, and it is not limited whether the RB boundary in the first frequency unit is aligned with the RB boundary in the second frequency unit.

[0180] The deployment modes of the first frequency unit in the second and third examples are sometimes referred to as the following out-of-band deployments.

[0181] The frequency position where the first channel raster is located within the first frequency unit corresponds to the frequency position of the resource element within the first frequency unit. The index of the position of the resource element in the frequency domain can be determined using the following two examples.

[0182] Example 1: The index of the position of a resource element in the frequency domain can be determined based on the transmission bandwidth of the first frequency unit. As shown in Table 5, if the transmission bandwidth of the first frequency unit is N' RB Assume that it contains RBs. N' RBIf it is an odd number (i.e., N' RB If mod 2 = 1, the resource element index is 6, and the physical resource block index is

[0183]

number

[0184] That is. N' RB is even (i.e., N' RB If mod 2 = 0, the resource element index is 0, and the physical resource block index is

[0185]

number

[0186] For example, in Figure 9a, the frequency position corresponding to the first channel raster is the physical resource block index.

[0187]

number

[0188] This means that the resource element index is 6.

[0189] Example 2: The index of the position of a resource element in the frequency domain is the transmission bandwidth N of the second frequency unit. RB It can be determined based on the following. As shown in Table 5, the transmission bandwidth of the first frequency unit is N RB Includes RBs. RB If it is an odd number (i.e., N RB If mod 2 = 1, the resource element index is 6, and the physical resource block index is

[0190]

number

[0191] That is the case. N RB is even (i.e., N RB If mod 2 = 0, the resource element index is 0, and the physical resource block index is

[0192]

number

[0193] That is the case.

[0194] Example 1 can be understood as applicable to the scenarios in the first, second, or third example. Specifically, if the first frequency unit is deployed in the transmission bandwidth or guard band of the second frequency unit, or if the frequency domain gap between the first and second frequency units is less than a threshold, the first device can determine the location of the resource element corresponding to the first channel raster, i.e., the first frequency unit, based on the transmission bandwidth of the first frequency unit. Example 2 is typically applicable to the scenario in the first example. Specifically, if the first frequency unit is deployed in the transmission bandwidth of the second frequency unit... width When deployed in this configuration, the first device can be considered to determine the location of the resource element corresponding to the first channel raster, i.e., to determine the first frequency unit, based on the transmission bandwidth of the second frequency unit. Below, the scenarios in the first, second, and third examples, the method for determining the first frequency unit in the first and second examples, and the granularity of the channel raster will be further described to ensure spectral utilization efficiency and prevent the subcarriers from becoming non-orthogonal, while making the deployment of the first frequency unit more flexible.

[0195] In this embodiment of the present application, the granularity of the first channel raster corresponding to the first frequency unit may be the same as or different from the granularity of the channel raster corresponding to the second frequency unit. In this embodiment of the present application, the granularity of the first channel raster is less than or equal to the granularity of the second channel raster in order to avoid a case where the granularity of the first channel raster is excessively large, thereby reducing the flexibility of deploying the first frequency unit.

[0196] Referring to the first example and Figure 10, the flexibility in deploying the first frequency unit is explained based on the case where the granularity of the first channel raster is the same as that of the second channel raster.

[0197] As shown in Figure 10, the quantity N of RB occupied by the second frequency unit (e.g., an NR carrier) is RB N is an odd number, in other words, N RB mod 2 = 1 is possible. For example, the quantity N of RB included in the transmission bandwidth of the second frequency unit in (a) RB This is equal to 2N+1. Alternatively, N is the quantity of RB occupied by the second frequency unit. RB N is an even number, or in other words, N RB mod 2 = 0 is possible. For example, the quantity N of RB included in the transmission bandwidth of the second frequency unit in (b) RB This is equal to 2N. The position of the arrow is the frequency position of the resource element within the second frequency unit, which corresponds to the frequency position of the second frequency unit, in other words, the frequency position where the second channel raster is located. For example, the quantity N of RB included in the transmission bandwidth of the second frequency unit. RB If is equal to 2N+1, the frequency position where the second channel raster is located corresponds to RE #6 of RB #N. As another example, the number of RBs N included in the transmission bandwidth of the second frequency unit. RB If equal to 2N, the frequency position where the second channel raster is located corresponds to RE #0 of RB #N.

[0198] As shown in Figure 10, the quantity N' of RB occupied by the first frequency unit. RB Also, odd numbers, in other words, N' RB mod 2 = 1 is possible. For example, the quantity N' of RB included in the transmission bandwidth of the first frequency unit in (c) RB This is equal to 2M+1. Alternatively, the quantity N' of RB occupied by the first frequency unit. RB N' is an even number, or in other words, N' RB mod 2 = 0. For example, the quantity N' of RB included in the transmission bandwidth of the first frequency unit in (d) RB This is equal to 2M. The position of the arrow is the frequency position of the resource element within the first frequency unit, which corresponds to the frequency position of the first frequency unit, in other words, the frequency position where the first channel raster is located. For example, the quantity N' of RB included in the transmission bandwidth of the first frequency unit. RB If is equal to 2M+1, the frequency position where the first channel raster is located corresponds to RE #6 of RB #M. As another example, the number of RBs N included in the transmission bandwidth of the first frequency unit. RB If equal to 2M, the frequency position where the first channel raster is located corresponds to RE #0 of RB #M.

[0199] Both M and N are positive integers. Typically, M is less than or equal to N.

[0200] As shown in (a), (b), (c), and (d) in Figure 10, four scenarios can be obtained regarding the parity of the quantities of RB occupied by the first frequency unit and the second frequency unit, respectively. For example, N RB The parity of is N' RB This matches the parity of . For example, see (a) for the second frequency unit. For the first frequency unit 、( See c). Or, for the second frequency unit, see (b). For the first frequency unit, see (d). Or, N RB The parity of is N'RB It does not match the parity. For example, see (a) for the second frequency unit. For the first frequency unit 、( See (d). Alternatively, for the second frequency unit, see (b). For the first frequency unit, see (c).

[0201] Based on the four scenarios described above, we will use an example where the subcarrier interval is 15 kHz, both the first and second channel rasters are 100 kHz, and the RB bandwidth is 180 kHz. If it is certain that the boundary of RB in the first frequency unit matches the boundary of RB in the second frequency unit, then the possible values ​​of the frequency corresponding to the first channel raster are f p This is shown in Table 6. k, n, and m are all integers, where k*100 is the frequency corresponding to the second channel raster, and m*180 represents an integer multiple of the RB bandwidth.

[0202] [Table 6]

[0203] As shown in Table 6, within the transmission bandwidth of the second frequency unit, we assume that the index of the central resource block (RB) is 0, the index of an RB with a frequency higher than that RB is positive, and the index of an RB with a frequency lower than that RB is negative. If the parity of the transmission bandwidth of the second frequency unit matches the parity of the transmission bandwidth of the first frequency unit, then only a limited number of RB locations within the second frequency unit can be used to deploy the first frequency unit. m represents the index of the RB. N RB The parity of N' RB If it matches the parity of the second frequency unit, the central RB within the transmission bandwidth of the second frequency unit can be used to position the first frequency unit, with m = 0, ±5, ±10, ±15, ... and the positions at intervals of five RBs can be used to position the first frequency unit.RB The parity of N’ RB If it does not match the parity of RB , the frequency positions that can be used to deploy the first frequency unit cannot be found in the NR carrier.

[0204] In some embodiments, according to the method provided in Example 2, when the parity of the number of RBs included in the transmission bandwidth of the first frequency unit does not match the parity of the number of RBs included in the transmission bandwidth of the second frequency unit, in order to avoid the case where the first frequency unit cannot be configured, that is, when the parity of the number of RBs included in the transmission bandwidth of the first frequency unit does not match the parity of the number of RBs included in the transmission bandwidth of the second frequency unit, due to the configuration of the first frequency unit, in order to avoid the case where the RB boundaries in the first frequency unit are not aligned with the RB boundaries in the second frequency unit, the index of the position in the resource element in the frequency domain can be determined based on the transmission bandwidth of the second frequency unit.

[0205] However, referring to Table 6, even when the parity of the number of RBs included in the transmission bandwidth of the first frequency unit does not match the parity of the number of RBs included in the transmission bandwidth of the second frequency unit, the frequency positions within the second frequency unit that can be used to configure the first frequency unit are quite limited. In order to further improve the flexibility of deploying the first frequency unit, in this embodiment, it is considered to further reduce the granularity of the first channel raster.

[0206] For example, referring to Table 6, set the value of m in the formula of f p to 0, 1, 2, 3,... and try to set the value of n. The deviation between k*100 ± m*180 or k*100 ± (m*180 + 90) and n*100 is calculated, and a deviation of 0, ±10, ±20, ±30, ±40, or ±50 (kHz) is obtained. In this case, for deploying the first frequency unit at any RB position within the second frequency unit, the first channel raster granularity It can be set to 10kHz.

[0207] First channel raster granularity It should be understood that the fact that it is 10 kHz is merely illustrative and does not constitute any limitation to this application. If the granularity of the first channel raster is less than that of the second channel raster, any multiple values ​​for the granularity of the first channel raster can improve the flexibility of deploying the first frequency unit. For example, the granularity of the first channel raster could alternatively be 5 kHz, 20 kHz, or similar.

[0208] For example, in the four scenarios in Figure 10 where each of (a) and (b) is combined with each of (c) and (d), we use an example where the subcarrier interval is 30 kHz, both the first and second channel rasters are 100 kHz, and the RB bandwidth is 180 kHz. If it is certain that the RB boundary in the first frequency unit matches the RB boundary in the second frequency unit, the possible values ​​of the frequency corresponding to the first channel raster are shown in Table 7.

[0209] [Table 7]

[0210] Referring to Table 7, the frequency f corresponding to the first channel raster is p Through analysis, it can be further understood that the possible values ​​of and the deviations between integer multiples of 100 kHz are 0, ±20, and ±40 (kHz). In order to deploy the first frequency unit at any RB position in the second frequency unit, the granularity of the first channel raster can be set to 20 kHz. Indeed, the first channel raster granularity Alternatively, it can be set to 10kHz or 5kHz.

[0211] When the subcarrier interval is 60 kHz, the frequency f corresponding to the first channel raster is pThe deviation between the possible values ​​and integer multiples of 100 kHz is the same as the deviation obtained when the subcarrier interval is 30 kHz. In other words, when the subcarrier interval is 60 kHz, the granularity of the first channel raster can still be 5 kHz, 10 kHz, or 20 kHz.

[0212] In some embodiments, the parity of the quantity of RB included in the transmission bandwidth of the first frequency unit matches the parity of the quantity of RB included in the transmission bandwidth of the second frequency unit. For example, the first device can determine the quantity of RB included in the transmission bandwidth of the first frequency unit based on the parity of the quantity of RB included in the transmission bandwidth of the second frequency unit, thereby ensuring that the parity of the quantity of RB included in the transmission bandwidth of the first frequency unit matches the parity of the quantity of RB included in the transmission bandwidth of the second frequency unit. This increases the flexibility in deploying the first frequency unit.

[0213] In the examples related to Figure 10 and Table 6, the scenario in the first example, specifically the scenario in which the first frequency unit is deployed in the transmission bandwidth of the second frequency unit, will be primarily used as an illustrative example. Hereafter, the scenarios in the second or third example, specifically the scenario in which the first frequency unit is deployed in the guard band of the second frequency unit, or the scenario in which the frequency domain gap between the first and second frequency units is less than a threshold, will be used as illustrative examples.

[0214] As described above, if the first frequency unit is deployed in the guard band of the second frequency unit, or if the frequency domain spacing between the first and second frequency units is less than a threshold, the first and second frequency units are not orthogonal, and therefore, in order to avoid interference caused to data transmission within the transmission bandwidth of the second frequency unit, the subcarrier boundary in the first frequency unit is aligned with the subcarrier boundary in the second frequency unit.

[0215] We assume that the granularity of both the first and second channel rasters is 100 kHz, and the subcarrier interval is 15 kHz. Below, we will analyze the available frequency positions that satisfy the condition that the channel rasters are integer multiples of 100 kHz, referring to Table 8.

[0216] [Table 8]

[0217] Table 8 shows only the analysis results by using examples where the transmission bandwidth of the NR carrier is 5 MHz and 10 MHz. Within the transmission bandwidth of the second frequency unit, it is assumed that the frequency corresponding to the RB at the central RB position is 0 Hz, the frequency of an RB with a frequency higher than that RB is a positive value, and the frequency of an RB with a frequency lower than that RB is a negative value. f satisfying an integer multiple of 100 kHz p Table 8 shows that the number of values ​​for is quite limited. For example, if the transmission bandwidth of the second frequency unit is 5 MHz, and the first frequency Number If the number of RBs included in the transmission bandwidth of the nit is even, the first frequency unit is f p =± 2250 It can only be deployed on (kHz). If the transmission bandwidth of the second frequency unit is a different value, f p Each possible position can be calculated by using a similar method. Due to length limitations, examples will not be described one by one in this specification. In a similar scheme, if the transmission bandwidth of the second frequency unit is a different value, f p The conclusion is that the frequency range satisfying the condition that is an integer multiple of 100 kHz is quite limited; in other words, the range of locations where the first frequency unit can be deployed is quite limited.

[0218] Further analysis involves the frequency f corresponding to the first channel raster. pPossible values that are those of, the possible values shown in Table 8, and possible values that are not shown in Table 8 but are obtained through calculations in a similar manner, for the frequency f corresponding to the first channel raster p The deviation between and an integer multiple of 100 kHz is shown to be 0, ±5, ±10, ±15, ±20, ±25, ±30, ±35, ±40, ±45, and ±50 (kHz). To deploy the first frequency unit at any position within the guard band of the second frequency unit, the granularity of the first channel raster can be 5 kHz. In Table 9, the case where the second frequency unit is an NR carrier is used as a possible example. Due to length limitations, only the operating bands n1, n2, n3, and n5 are listed in the table. It should be understood that for another operating band where the granularity of the second channel raster (e.g., an NR channel raster, etc.) is 100 kHz, it is also applicable that the granularity of the first channel raster is 5 kHz.

[0219]

Table 9

[0220] Based on reasons similar to the reasons described above, for subcarriers interval when it is 30 kHz, the deviation between the frequency f corresponding to the first channel raster p and an integer multiple of 100 kHz is 0, ±10, ±20, ±30, ±40, and ±50 (kHz). In this case, the granularity of the first channel raster may be 10 kHz, or it may surely be 5 kHz. When the subcarrier spacing is 60 kHz, the deviation between the frequency f corresponding to the first channel raster p and an integer multiple of 100 kHz is 0, ±20, and ±40 (kHz). In this case, the granularity of the first channel raster may be 20 kHz, or it may surely be 5 kHz or 10 kHz.

[0221] Based on Tables 6 to 9 and related examples, the granularity of the first channel raster is related to at least one of the deployment mode of the first frequency unit and the subcarrier interval of the first frequency unit. Based on this, the first instrument can determine the granularity of the first channel raster based on at least one of the deployment mode of the first frequency unit and the subcarrier interval of the first frequency unit.

[0222] It should be noted that the subcarrier interval of the first frequency unit may be the subcarrier interval agreed upon by the first frequency unit, or it may be the subcarrier interval configured within the first frequency unit.

[0223] For example, the correspondence between the channel raster of the first frequency unit and the subcarrier interval of the first frequency unit may include the following: (1) The subcarrier interval is 15 kHz and the channel raster is 5 kHz. (2) The subcarrier interval is 30 kHz and the channel raster is 10 kHz, and (3) The subcarrier interval is 60 kHz and the channel raster is 20 kHz.

[0224] As another example, the correspondence between the channel raster of the first frequency unit, the subcarrier interval of the first frequency unit, and the deployment mode of the first frequency unit may include the following: (1) The subcarrier interval is 15 kHz, the deployment is within the transmission bandwidth, and the channel raster is 10 kHz. (2) The subcarrier interval is 15 kHz, the deployment is outside the transmission bandwidth, and the channel raster is 5 kHz. (3) The subcarrier interval is 30 kHz, the deployment is within the transmission bandwidth, and the channel raster is 20 kHz. (4) The subcarrier interval is 30 kHz, the deployment is outside the transmission bandwidth, and the channel raster is 10 kHz. (5) The sub-carrier spacing is 60 kHz, the allocation is within the transmission bandwidth, and the channel raster is 20 kHz, and (6) The sub-carrier spacing is 60 kHz, the allocation is outside the transmission bandwidth, and the channel raster is 20 kHz.

[0225] This correspondence relationship may be predefined or preconfigured. The first device can determine the granularity of the first channel raster based on the correspondence relationship. Alternatively, the granularity of the first channel raster can be a predefined value, for example, an integer multiple of 5 kHz, 10 kHz, or 20 kHz.

[0226] In some embodiments, the radio frequency reference frequency F corresponding to the first frequency unit REF satisfies the following. That is, F REF = F REF-Offs + ΔF Global (N REF - N REF-Offs ) + offset. F REF-Offs is the radio frequency reference frequency offset value, ΔF Global is the granularity of the global channel raster, N REF is the NR-ARFCN, N REF-Offs is the NR-ARFCN offset value, and offset is the frequency offset.

[0227] F REF-Offs and N REF-Offs For the values of, please refer to Table 10.

[0228]

Table 10

[0229] For example, the value of the offset is one of {-50, -45, -40, -35, -30, -25, -20, -15, -10, -5, 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50} kHz.

[0230] For example, with respect to the first device, the first frequency unit may be determined by the first device, or the first frequency unit may be obtained by the first device from second configuration information received by the fourth device. With respect to the second device, the first frequency unit may be determined by the second device, or the first frequency unit may be obtained by the second device from first configuration information transmitted by the first device. Optionally, the fourth device may be a network device, such as a base station or a macro base station.

[0231] Therefore, in this embodiment of the present application, when communicating with various devices, the first device determines a first frequency unit to be used for communication between the first device and the second device. The first frequency unit and the second frequency unit used for communication between the first device and the third device are located in the same operating band, and the granularity of the first channel raster corresponding to the first frequency unit is less than or equal to the granularity of the second channel raster. The embodiment of the present application provides a solution for determining the frequency unit, thereby enabling the first device to communicate with the second device via the first frequency unit. Furthermore, when the frequency unit is determined, the granularity of the channel raster is taken into consideration, and for example, the granularity of the first channel raster corresponding to the first frequency unit is set to a smaller value to improve the flexibility of deploying the first frequency unit.

[0232] In some communication systems (e.g., LTE systems), to mitigate the problem of DC subcarrier performance degradation due to local oscillator feedthrough on the network or terminal equipment side, one DC subcarrier is reserved in the downlink frequency unit and not used for transmitting information, and the uplink carrier is offset overall by half the subcarrier (e.g., 7.5 kHz). In some other communication systems (e.g., NR systems), the problem of DC subcarrier performance degradation due to local oscillator feedthrough is handled via network or terminal equipment, but the DC subcarrier is not reserved in the downlink carrier, and the uplink carrier is not offset overall by half the subcarrier. When the two aforementioned communication systems (e.g., LTE and NR systems) share spectral resources, the downlink frequency units in the two communication systems are not offset, and therefore the subcarrier boundaries are matched. However, in two communication systems, the uplink frequency unit in one communication system is offset by half the subcarrier, while the uplink frequency unit in the other communication system is not offset. As a result, the subcarrier boundaries in the two communication systems are not aligned (i.e., the subcarriers are not orthogonal), leading to mutual interference between the communication systems during data transmission.

[0233] The following example illustrates how to determine the first frequency unit in a shared spectrum.

[0234] Figure 11 is an interaction flowchart showing a communication method 500 according to one embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 11, the communication method 500 further includes some or all of the following steps.

[0235] S510: The first device determines the uplink offset and / or downlink offset based on at least one of the following: the type of frequency band in which the downlink frequency unit is located, the first capability of the second device, the type of the second device, the type of time-domain resource in which the signal carried by the downlink frequency unit is located, and the type of time-domain resource in which the signal carried by the uplink frequency unit is located.

[0236] S520-1: The first device determines the uplink frequency unit based on the uplink frequency position and uplink offset.

[0237] S520-2: The second device determines the uplink frequency unit based on the uplink frequency position and uplink offset.

[0238] S530-1: The first device determines the downlink frequency unit based on the downlink frequency position and downlink offset.

[0239] S530-2: The second device determines the downlink frequency unit based on the downlink frequency position and downlink offset.

[0240] S540-1: The first device transmits a downlink signal to the second device on the downlink frequency unit. In response, the second device receives a downlink signal from the first device on the downlink frequency unit.

[0241] S540-2: The second device transmits an uplink signal to the first device on the uplink frequency unit. In response, the first device receives an uplink signal from the second device on the uplink frequency unit.

[0242] The execution of S520-1, S520-2, S530-1, and S530-2 does not follow any particular order in this embodiment.

[0243] Either S540-1 or S540-2 may be performed, or S540-1 and S540-2 may be performed sequentially. For example, after receiving a downlink signal transmitted by the first device, the second device transmits an uplink signal to the first device.

[0244] As described above, the first frequency unit may include an uplink frequency unit used to transmit uplink signals and / or a downlink frequency unit used to transmit downlink signals. In this case, in S410-1 in the embodiment shown in Figure 8, the determination of the first frequency unit by the first device may include the following: namely, S520-1: The first device determines the uplink frequency unit based on the uplink frequency position and uplink offset, and / or S530-1: The first device determines the downlink frequency unit based on the downlink frequency position and downlink offset.

[0245] The uplink frequency position may be agreed upon in the protocol, predefined by a first device, or preconfigured for the first device by a fourth device, but is not limited to this application. The downlink frequency position is similar and will not be described in detail again. In passive IoT, there is usually a frequency domain gap between the uplink frequency position and the downlink frequency position. The frequency domain gap may also be agreed upon in the protocol, predefined by a first device, or preconfigured for the first device by a fourth device.

[0246] Based on this, in this embodiment of the present application, the first device may first determine the uplink offset and / or downlink offset based on S510, thereby the first device determines the first frequency unit based on the uplink offset / downlink offset in order to avoid interference caused to data transmission because the subcarrier boundaries between communication systems in the shared spectrum are not aligned.

[0247] The type of frequency band in which the downlink frequency unit is located may include, for example, the uplink transmission frequency band in FDD mode, the downlink transmission frequency band in FDD mode, the SDL transmission frequency band, the SUL transmission frequency band, and the TDD transmission frequency band. Hereinafter, the uplink transmission frequency band in FDD mode and the SUL transmission frequency band will be collectively referred to as the uplink transmission frequency band, and the downlink transmission frequency band in FDD mode and the SDL transmission frequency band will be collectively referred to as the downlink transmission frequency band.

[0248] The first capability indicates whether the second device supports the frequency shift of the uplink signal to the uplink transmission frequency band other than the downlink transmission frequency band in which the downlink frequency unit is located.

[0249] For example, in a passive IoT scenario, the second device could be a tag. The type of the second device can include active and passive tags. In some examples, the type of the second device may reflect the capabilities of the first. For instance, if the type of the second device is a passive tag, the second device does not have the ability to perform frequency shifts of uplink signals to uplink transmission frequency bands other than the downlink transmission frequency band in which the downlink frequency unit is located.

[0250] The types of time-domain resources may include, for example, uplink time-domain resources (e.g., uplink slots) and downlink time-domain resources (e.g., downlink slots) in TDD mode.

[0251] The following will explain S510 using several examples.

[0252] 1. The first device determines the uplink offset and / or downlink offset based on at least one of the type of frequency band in which the downlink frequency unit is located and the capability of the second device (or the type of the second device).

[0253] For example, if the downlink frequency unit is located in the downlink transmission frequency band and the second device supports frequency shifting of the uplink signal to an uplink transmission frequency band other than the downlink transmission frequency band, the uplink offset is either the first or second value. Alternatively, if the downlink frequency unit is located in the downlink transmission frequency band and the second device does not support frequency shifting of the uplink signal to an uplink transmission frequency band other than the downlink transmission frequency band, the uplink offset is the first value.

[0254] It should be noted that whether the second device supports frequency shifting of the uplink signal to an uplink transmission frequency band other than the downlink transmission frequency band may be indicated by the capabilities of the first device or determined by the type of the second device.

[0255] As described above, the downlink transmission frequency band may be the downlink transmission frequency band in FDD mode or the SDL transmission frequency band, and the uplink transmission frequency band may be the uplink transmission frequency band in FDD mode. or SUL transmission frequency bandwidth is also acceptable.

[0256] If the downlink transmission frequency band is the downlink transmission frequency band in FDD mode, and the uplink transmission frequency band is the uplink transmission frequency band in FDD mode, then it should be understood that the downlink transmission frequency band and the uplink transmission frequency band are located in the same operating band. For example, as shown in Table 1, the uplink transmission frequency band is the uplink operating band within NR operating band n1, and the downlink transmission frequency band is the downlink operating band within NR operating band n1. NR operating band n1 is merely an example and can be replaced with operating bands corresponding to any FDD mode in Table 1, e.g., n2, n3, ...

[0257] Indeed, the downlink and uplink transmission frequency bands do not have to be a pair of transmission frequency bands, or the uplink and downlink transmission frequency bands may be located in different operating bands, or the frequency band numbers (e.g., n1, n2, n3, ...) of the uplink and downlink transmission frequency bands may be different. For example, the downlink transmission frequency band is the downlink transmission frequency band in FDD mode, and the uplink transmission frequency band is the SUL transmission frequency band. As another example, the downlink transmission frequency band is the downlink operating band within NR operating band n1, and the uplink transmission frequency band is the uplink operating band within NR operating band n2.

[0258] Furthermore, the uplink transmission frequency band may be, for example, a spectrum shared with LTE. In this case, if the uplink transmission frequency band is used for LTE uplink communication, the uplink offset is set to a second value, which may be, for example, 7.5 kHz, to ensure that the subcarrier boundary in the uplink frequency unit is aligned with the subcarrier boundary in the LTE frequency unit. If the uplink transmission frequency band is not used for LTE uplink communication, the uplink offset is a first value, which may be, for example, 0.

[0259] For example, suppose the second frequency unit includes an NR uplink carrier for transmitting NR uplink signals and / or an NR downlink carrier for transmitting NR downlink signals, and the first frequency unit includes a passive IoT uplink carrier for transmitting passive IoT uplink signals and / or a passive IoT downlink carrier for transmitting passive IoT downlink signals, and the first frequency unit is positioned in the shared spectrum of NR and LTE. The above example is illustrated with reference to Figures 12a and 12b.

[0260] Refer to Figure 12a. The passive IoT downlink carrier is located in the downlink transmission frequency band, and the second device supports the frequency shift of the passive IoT uplink signal relative to the uplink transmission frequency band corresponding to the downlink transmission frequency band in which the passive IoT downlink carrier is located. In this case, both the passive IoT uplink carrier and the LTE uplink carrier are located in the uplink transmission frequency band. Therefore, the uplink offset of the passive IoT uplink carrier is 7.5 kHz. Indeed, if it is determined that the uplink transmission frequency band is not used for LTE uplink communication, the uplink offset can be 0. Optionally, the NR uplink carrier is similar to the passive IoT uplink carrier, and the uplink offset of the NR uplink carrier is the same as the uplink offset of the passive IoT uplink carrier.

[0261] Refer to Figure 12b. The passive IoT downlink carrier is located in the downlink transmission frequency band, and the second device does not support frequency shifting of the passive IoT uplink signal to the uplink transmission frequency band other than the downlink transmission frequency band in which the passive IoT downlink carrier is located. In this case, if the passive IoT uplink carrier is still located in the downlink transmission frequency band and the downlink transmission frequency band is not used for LTE uplink communication, the uplink offset of the passive IoT uplink carrier is 0.

[0262] In the example described above, the downlink frequency unit is located in the downlink transmission frequency band, and the downlink transmission frequency band is not used for LTE uplink communication. Therefore, the downlink offset can be 0.

[0263] In another example, if the downlink frequency unit is located in the uplink transmission frequency band, both the downlink offset and the uplink offset are either the first or second value.

[0264] Furthermore, the uplink transmission frequency band may be, for example, a spectrum shared with LTE. In this case, if the uplink transmission frequency band is used for LTE uplink communication, both the downlink offset and uplink offset are set to a second value, which may be, for example, 7.5 kHz, to ensure that the subcarrier boundaries in the downlink frequency unit and uplink frequency unit are aligned with the subcarrier boundaries in the LTE frequency unit. If the uplink transmission frequency band is not used for LTE uplink communication, both the downlink offset and uplink offset are set to a first value, which may be, for example, 0.

[0265] For example, we still assume that the second frequency unit includes an NR uplink carrier for transmitting NR uplink signals and / or an NR downlink carrier for transmitting NR downlink signals, and the first frequency unit includes a passive IoT uplink carrier for transmitting passive IoT uplink signals and / or a passive IoT downlink carrier for transmitting passive IoT downlink signals, and that the first frequency unit is located in the shared spectrum of NR and LTE. Refer to Figure 12c for an example of what is described above.

[0266] Please refer to Figure 12c. The passive IoT uplink carrier is located in the downlink transmission frequency band. In this case, the passive IoT downlink carrier, passive IoT uplink carrier, and LTE uplink carrier are all located in the uplink transmission frequency band. Therefore, both the downlink offset of the passive IoT downlink carrier and the uplink offset of the passive IoT uplink carrier are 7.5 kHz. Indeed, if it is determined that the uplink transmission frequency band is not used for LTE uplink communication, both the downlink offset and the uplink offset can be 0. Optionally, the NR downlink carrier is located in the downlink transmission frequency band. Therefore, the downlink offset of the NR downlink carrier can be 0. The NR uplink carrier is similar to the passive IoT uplink carrier, and the uplink offset of the NR uplink carrier is the same as the uplink offset of the passive IoT uplink carrier.

[0267] 2. When the first frequency unit is located in the TDD operating band, the first device determines the uplink offset and downlink offset based on the type of time-domain resource where the signal carried by the downlink frequency unit is located and the type of time-domain resource where the signal carried by the uplink frequency unit is located.

[0268] Example 1: If the downlink signal carried by the downlink frequency unit occupies downlink time-domain resources, and the uplink signal carried by the uplink frequency unit occupies uplink time-domain resources, then both the downlink offset and the uplink offset are either the first or second value. For example, suppose the second frequency unit includes an NR uplink carrier for transmitting NR uplink signals and / or an NR downlink carrier for transmitting NR downlink signals, and the first frequency unit includes a passive IoT uplink carrier for transmitting passive IoT uplink signals and / or a passive IoT downlink carrier for transmitting passive IoT downlink signals, and the first frequency unit is placed in the shared spectrum of NR and LTE. Referring to Figure 13a, the passive IoT downlink signal is transmitted in the downlink slot, and the passive IoT uplink signal is transmitted in the uplink slot. In this case, both the passive IoT uplink signal and the LTE uplink signal are transmitted in the uplink slot. Therefore, both the uplink offset of the passive IoT uplink carrier and the downlink offset of the passive IoT downlink carrier are 7.5 kHz. Indeed, if it is determined that the uplink slot will not be used for LTE uplink communication, both the uplink and downlink offsets can be 0. Optionally, the NR uplink carrier is similar to the passive IoT uplink carrier, and the uplink offset of the NR uplink carrier is the same as the uplink offset of the passive IoT uplink carrier.

[0269] Example 2: Downlink signal carried by downlink frequency unit, upIf both the uplink signal and the downlink signal carried by the link frequency unit occupy the downlink time-domain resources, then both the downlink offset and the uplink offset are the first value. We still assume that the second frequency unit includes an NR uplink carrier for transmitting NR uplink signals and / or an NR downlink carrier for transmitting NR downlink signals, and the first frequency unit includes a passive IoT uplink carrier for transmitting passive IoT downlink signals and / or a passive IoT downlink carrier for transmitting passive IoT downlink signals, and that the first frequency unit is placed in the shared spectrum of NR and LTE. Referring to Figure 13b, both the passive IoT downlink signal and the passive IoT uplink signal are transmitted in the downlink slot, and the downlink slot is not used for LTE uplink communication. Therefore, both the uplink offset of the passive IoT uplink carrier and the downlink offset of the passive IoT downlink carrier are 0.

[0270] Example 3: When both the downlink signal carried by the downlink frequency unit and the uplink signal carried by the uplink frequency unit occupy the uplink time-domain resources, both the downlink offset and the uplink offset are either the first or second value. We still assume that the second frequency unit includes an NR uplink carrier for transmitting NR uplink signals and / or an NR downlink carrier for transmitting NR downlink signals, and the first frequency unit includes a passive IoT uplink carrier for transmitting passive IoT uplink signals and / or a passive IoT downlink carrier for transmitting passive IoT downlink signals, and that the first frequency unit is placed in the shared spectrum of NR and LTE. Referring to Figure 13c, both the passive IoT downlink signal and the passive IoT uplink signal are transmitted in the uplink slot. In this case, both the passive IoT uplink signal and the LTE uplink signal are transmitted in the uplink slot. Therefore, both the uplink offset of the passive IoT uplink carrier and the downlink offset of the passive IoT downlink carrier are 7.5 kHz. If it is determined that the uplink slot will not be used for LTE uplink communication, both the uplink offset and the downlink offset may be 0. Optionally, the NR uplink carrier is the same as the passive IoT uplink carrier, and the uplink offset of the NR uplink carrier is the same as the uplink offset of the passive IoT uplink carrier.

[0271] Optionally, in any one of the examples described above, in a passive IoT scenario, the downlink signal carried by the downlink frequency unit could be a carrier signal or downlink signaling / downlink data.

[0272] The uplink offset of the uplink frequency unit is the RF reference frequency (F) corresponding to the uplink frequency unit. RERIt can be understood that this could be an offset of the RF reference frequency. Similarly, the downlink offset of a downlink frequency unit can be an offset of the RF reference frequency corresponding to the downlink frequency unit.

[0273] For example, the first device may determine the downlink frequency unit based on the downlink frequency position and the downlink offset. For example, the first device may determine the downlink frequency unit based on the sum of the downlink frequency position and the downlink offset. The uplink offset may be a positive or negative value.

[0274] For example, the first device may determine the uplink frequency unit based on the uplink frequency position and the uplink offset. For example, the first device may determine the uplink frequency unit based on the sum of the uplink frequency position and the uplink offset. Alternatively, the first device may determine the uplink frequency unit based on the downlink frequency position, the uplink offset, and the frequency domain interval between the uplink frequency position and the downlink frequency position. For example, the first device may determine the downlink frequency Number place The uplink frequency unit is determined based on the position, uplink offset, and the sum of the frequency domain intervals between the uplink and downlink frequency positions. The uplink offset may be a positive or negative value, and the frequency domain interval between the uplink and downlink frequency positions may be a positive or negative value.

[0275] With respect to the downlink frequency position, downlink offset, uplink frequency position, uplink offset, and the frequency domain interval between the uplink and downlink frequency positions, each part of the frequency information may be determined by the first instrument, configured for the first instrument by the fourth instrument, or defined in a protocol, so that the first instrument can determine the first frequency unit based on some or all of the parts of the frequency information.

[0276] Optionally, a fourth device may transmit second configuration information to the first device. The second configuration information includes at least one of the following: a downlink frequency position, a downlink offset, an uplink frequency position, an uplink offset, and the frequency domain interval between the uplink and downlink frequency positions.

[0277] For example, the first device may be implemented as a base station, and the fourth device may be implemented as a macro base station, or the first device may be implemented as a terminal device, and the fourth device may be implemented as a base station.

[0278] A second device may receive first configuration information transmitted by the first device. The second device may determine a first frequency unit based on the first configuration information.

[0279] In some embodiments, the first configuration information may indicate a downlink frequency unit. A second device may receive downlink signals from the first device on the downlink frequency unit.

[0280] In some other embodiments, the first configuration information may indicate the frequency domain interval between the downlink frequency position and the uplink frequency position, the downlink frequency unit, and the uplink offset. The second device may determine the uplink frequency unit based on the frequency domain interval between the downlink frequency position and the uplink frequency position, the downlink frequency unit, and the uplink offset. For example, the second device may determine the uplink frequency unit based on the sum of the frequency domain interval between the downlink frequency position and the uplink frequency position, the downlink frequency unit, and the uplink offset.

[0281] In some other embodiments, the first configuration information may indicate an uplink frequency unit. The second device may transmit an uplink signal to the first device on the uplink frequency unit.

[0282] Downlink frequency unit, uplink frequency unit, downlink frequency position and frequency domain interval between uplink frequency positions, downlink offset It should be noted that some or all of the frequency information for the uplink offset may also be defined in the protocol or predefined by the second instrument. In this case, the first configuration information may not include some or all of the frequency information defined in the protocol or predefined by the second instrument.

[0283] In the embodiment shown in Figure 11, the first device determines the first frequency unit based on uplink offset and / or downlink offset in order to avoid mutual interference caused to data transmission between communication systems because the subcarrier boundary in the first frequency unit does not align with the subcarrier boundary in another communication system (e.g., an LTE system) (i.e., the subcarriers are not orthogonal).

[0284] As described above, in a passive IoT communication scenario, in one embodiment, backscatter communication is used for the uplink transmission of the passive IoT, in other words, a second device receives a downlink carrier signal when transmitting an uplink backscatter signal. In this case, the uplink transmission signal and the downlink carrier signal overlap in the time domain, so that both the uplink transmission signal and the downlink carrier signal may be placed in the uplink time-domain resource of the TDD transmission frequency band, or the TDD transmission frequency bandwidth They may be placed in the downlink time-domain resources. In the second embodiment, the ability of the second device to perform frequency shifting with respect to the uplink backscatter signal relative to the downlink carrier signal is limited. In other words, if the ability of the second device to perform frequency shifting is limited, both the uplink frequency unit carrying the uplink signal and the downlink frequency unit carrying the downlink signal may be placed in the uplink transmission frequency band or in the downlink transmission frequency band. In the two embodiments described above, there may be a problem of signal interference caused by the different directions of reception and transmission between passive IoT and NR.

[0285] Regarding the above-mentioned problem, in this embodiment, in order to avoid the problem of different receiving and transmitting directions between the first and second frequency units, it is considered that frequency units whose transmission direction differs from that of the second frequency unit are deployed in a guard band. Please refer to Figures 14a to 14d.

[0286] Refer to Figure 14a. The second frequency unit is the frequency unit used for uplink transmission; in other words, the second frequency unit is located in the uplink transmission frequency band. In this case, the direction of the uplink frequency unit within the first frequency unit is the same as the direction of the second frequency unit. The uplink frequency unit may be located in the transmission bandwidth of the second frequency unit, and since the direction of the downlink frequency unit is different from that of the second frequency unit, the downlink frequency unit within the first frequency unit is located in the guard band of the second frequency unit.

[0287] Refer to Figure 14b. The second frequency unit is the frequency unit used for downlink transmission. In other words, the second frequency unit is located in the downlink transmission frequency band. Because the direction of the uplink frequency unit within the first frequency unit is different from the direction of the second frequency unit, the uplink frequency unit may be located in the guard band of the second frequency unit. Because the direction of the downlink frequency unit within the first frequency unit is the same as the direction of the second frequency unit, the downlink frequency unit may be located in the transmission bandwidth of the second frequency unit.

[0288] Refer to Figure 14c. When the first frequency unit is located in the TDD operating band, and both the downlink signal transmitted on the downlink frequency unit and the uplink signal transmitted on the uplink frequency unit, corresponding to the downlink signal, occupy the downlink time-domain resources, the downlink frequency unit is located in the transmission bandwidth of the second frequency unit, and the uplink frequency unit is located in the guard band of the second frequency unit.

[0289] Refer to Figure 14d. When the first frequency unit is located in the TDD operating band, and both the downlink signal transmitted on the downlink frequency unit and the uplink signal transmitted on the uplink frequency unit, corresponding to the downlink signal, occupy the uplink time-domain resources, the downlink frequency unit is located in the guard band of the second frequency unit, and the uplink frequency unit is located in the guard band of the second frequency unit.

[0290] In this embodiment, for various scenarios where the issue of different directions of reception and transmission may exist, the downlink frequency unit and uplink frequency unit within the first frequency unit are deployed separately in the transmission bandwidth or guard band of the second frequency unit to avoid signal interference caused by different directions of reception and transmission between the first and second frequency units.

[0291] The method provided in the embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to Figures 8 to 14d. The apparatus provided in the embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to Figures 15 and 16.

[0292] Figure 15 is a block diagram showing a communication device according to one embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 15, the device 600 may include a transceiver unit 610 and a processing unit 620.

[0293] Optionally, the communication device 600 may correspond to the first device in the embodiment of the method described above, and may be, for example, the first device, or a component configured in the first device (e.g., a chip or chip system).

[0294] It should be understood that the communication device 600 may correspond to the first device in the method shown in Figures 8 and 11 according to embodiments of this application. The communication device 600 may include a unit configured to perform the method performed by the first device in the method in Figures 8 and 11. Furthermore, the units within the communication device 600, as well as the other operations and / or functions described above, are used to implement the corresponding steps of the method in Figures 8 and 11, respectively.

[0295] The communication device 600 may include a transceiver unit 610 and a processing unit 620. The transceiver unit 610 performs processing related to receiving and transmitting information, and the processing unit 620 performs processing in addition to receiving and transmitting information.

[0296] For example, if the communication device 600 is configured to perform the methods shown in Figures 8 and 11, the processing unit 620 may be configured to determine a first frequency unit. The transceiver unit 610 may be configured to communicate with a second device on the first frequency unit. The granularity of the first channel raster corresponding to the first frequency unit is less than or equal to the granularity of the second channel raster corresponding to the second frequency unit. The second frequency unit is used for communication between the communication device and a third device. Number The knits are positioned in the same operating frequency band.

[0297] The communication device 600 may alternatively correspond to the second device in the embodiment of the method described above, and may be, for example, the second device, or a component configured in the second device (e.g., a chip or chip system).

[0298] The transceiver unit 610 in the communication device 600 may be implemented via a transceiver and may correspond, for example, to the transceiver 710 in the communication device 700 shown in Figure 16. The processing unit 620 in the communication device 600 may be implemented via at least one processor and may correspond, for example, to the processor 720 in the communication device 700 shown in Figure 16.

[0299] If the communication device 600 is a chip or chip system configured in a communication device (for example, a first device or a second device), the transceiver unit 610 within the communication device 600 may be implemented through an input interface / output interface, circuit, or the like, and the processing unit 620 within the communication device 600 may be implemented through a processor, microprocessor, integrated circuit, or the like incorporated into a chip or chip system.

[0300] Figure 16 is another block diagram showing a communication device according to one embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 16, the communication device 700 may include a transceiver 710, a processor 720, and a memory 730. The transceiver 710, processor 720, and memory 730 communicate with each other via an internal connection path. The memory 730 is configured to store instructions, and the processor 720 is configured to execute instructions stored in the memory 730, controlling the transceiver 710 to transmit and / or receive signals.

[0301] It should be understood that the communication device 700 may correspond to the first or second device in the embodiment of the method described above and may be configured to perform steps and / or procedures performed by the first or second device in the embodiment of the method described above. Optionally, the memory 730 may include read-only memory and random access memory and provide instructions and data to the processor. Part of the memory may further include non-volatile random access memory. The memory 730 may be a separate device or may be incorporated into the processor 720. The processor 720 may be configured to execute instructions stored in the memory 730, and when the processor 720 executes instructions stored in memory, the processor 720 is configured to perform steps and / or procedures corresponding to the first or second device in the embodiment of the method described above.

[0302] Optionally, the communication device 700 is the first device in the embodiment described above.

[0303] Optionally, the communication device 700 is the second device in the embodiment described above.

[0304] The transceiver 710 may include a transmitter and a receiver. The transceiver 710 may further include an antenna, and one or more antennas may be present. The processor 720, memory 730, and transceiver 710 may be devices integrated on different chips. For example, the processor 720 and memory 730 may be integrated on a baseband chip, and the transceiver 710 may be integrated on a radio frequency chip. Alternatively, the processor 720, memory 730, and transceiver 710 may be devices integrated on the same chip. This is not limited to the present application.

[0305] Optionally, the communication device 700 is a component configured in the first device, such as a chip or chip system.

[0306] Optionally, the communication device 700 is a component configured in the second device, such as a chip or chip system.

[0307] Transceiver 7 1 0 could alternatively be a communication interface such as an input interface / output interface or circuit. Transceiver 7 1 0, Processor 7 2 0 and memory 730 may be integrated into the same chip, for example, into a baseband chip.

[0308] This application further provides a processing apparatus comprising at least one processor. The at least one processor is configured to execute a computer program stored in memory in order to cause the processing apparatus to perform a method performed by a first device in an embodiment of the method described above, or a method performed by a second device in an embodiment of the method described above.

[0309] Embodiments of this application further provide a processing apparatus including a processor and an input / output interface. The input / output interface is coupled to the processor. The input / output interface is configured to input and / or output information. This information includes at least one of instructions and data. The processor is configured to execute a computer program to cause the processing apparatus to perform a method performed by a first device in the embodiments of the above-described method, or a method performed by a second device in the embodiments of the above-described method.

[0310] Embodiments of the present application further provide a processing apparatus including a processor and memory. The memory is configured to store a computer program, and the processor is configured to call a computer program from the memory and execute the computer program in order to cause the processing apparatus to perform a method performed by a first device in the embodiments of the above-described method, or by a second device in the embodiments of the above-described method.

[0311] It should be understood that a processing unit can be one or more chips. For example, a processing unit can be a field programmable gate array (FPGA), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a system on a chip (SoC), a central processing unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), a digital signal processor (DSP), a microcontroller unit (MCU), a programmable logic device (PLD), or another integrated chip.

[0312] It should be noted that the processor in the embodiments of this application may be an integrated circuit chip and have signal processing capabilities. In implementation, the steps in the embodiments of the method described above may be implemented by using hardware integrated logic circuits within the processor or by using instructions in software form. The processor may be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), another programmable logic device, a discrete gate, a transistor logic device, or a discrete hardware component. The methods, steps, and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of this application may be implemented or executed. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, or the processor may be any conventional processor or similar.

[0313] The memory in the embodiments of this application may be understood to be volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or to include both volatile and non-volatile memory. Non-volatile memory may be read-only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), erasable PROM (EPROM), electrically EPROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory may be random access memory (RAM) used as an external cache. Many forms of RAM may be used, for example, static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double data rate SDRAM (DDR SDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchlink DRAM (SLDRAM), and direct rambus RAM (DR RAM). It should be noted that the memory of the systems and methods described herein includes, but is not limited to, these memories and any other suitable type of memory.

[0314] According to the methods provided in embodiments of this application, this application further provides a computer program product, the computer program product including computer program code. When the computer program code is executed on a computer, the computer is made to perform a method executed by a first or second device in embodiments of the methods described above.

[0315] According to the method provided in the embodiments of this application, the application further provides a computer-readable storage medium that stores program code. When the program code is executed on a computer, the computer is made to perform a method executed by the first or second device in the embodiments of the method described above.

[0316] According to the methods provided in the embodiments of this application, this application further provides a communication system. The communication system may include the first and second devices described above.

[0317] Those skilled in the art will recognize, in combination with the examples described in the embodiments disclosed herein, that the units and algorithmic steps may be implemented by electronic hardware, or by a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether the functions are performed by hardware or by software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art may use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementations should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0318] The above description is merely a specific implementation of the present application, but is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Any modification or substitution that is readily conceivable to a person skilled in the art within the scope of the technical scope disclosed herein shall fall within the scope of protection of this application. Accordingly, the scope of protection of this application shall be subject to the scope of protection of the claims.

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