Ironmaking method using ferrobiotics

Abstract

As a measure to reduce carbon dioxide emissions, hydrogen-fired steelmaking is also being tested at a test plant. The problems lie in the need for a cheap and abundant supply of hydrogen and the large amount of electricity used in electric furnaces. [Solution] It is possible to produce large quantities of water gas and hydrogen from solid biomass such as trees and bamboo. Coal gasification combined cycle power plants efficiently produce water gas from coal and then produce hydrogen, and biomass can be used instead of coal. Biomass can also be used in multi-stage hydrogen generators. There is no need to worry about inexpensive sources of water gas and hydrogen. Hydrogen-containing water gas produced in a separate device from the blast furnace, as well as hydrocarbons such as hydrogen and methane produced from renewable energy, are burned in the lower part of the blast furnace to supply the heat necessary for steelmaking. Even if iron raw materials and solid biomass are filled into the blast furnace, the iron raw materials will not melt down to the lower part of the blast furnace, thus resolving the problem of worsening gas leakage. Therefore, if the carbon content of the sintered ore and ferrocoke used as iron raw materials is derived from biomass, steelmaking will be possible with near zero carbon dioxide emissions.

Description

【Technical Field】 【0001】 The present invention fills a blast furnace with iron raw materials such as sintered ore and ferrocoke having a higher carbon content than it, and an iron raw material having a carbon content of the iron raw material derived from biomass, and further fills mainly solid biomass, etc. to generate a reducing gas, reduces the iron content in the iron raw material to obtain reduced iron, and moreover, a combustible gas produced by a method regarded as zero generation of carbon dioxide, a water gas mainly produced from biomass, and hydrogen are burned as combustible gases at the lower part of the blast furnace, thinning the cohesive zone due to melting of the iron raw material in the middle part of the blast furnace to improve gas escape compared to conventional blast furnace ironmaking, and also melting iron raw materials and reduced iron at the lower part of the blast furnace. The present invention also describes a sintered ore having a carbon content of the iron raw material derived from biomass as bio-sintered ore and ferrocoke having a carbon content of the iron raw material derived from biomass as ferro-bio. Therefore, if an iron raw material having a carbon content of the iron raw material derived from biomass is filled, it becomes a blast furnace ironmaking method in which the generation of carbon dioxide is regarded as almost zero. 【Background Art】 【0002】 In recent years, reduction of carbon dioxide emissions has been demanded, and governments of various countries are also requesting reduction. Therefore, various blast furnace ironmaking methods for reducing carbon dioxide emissions have been studied, and their technical contents are described below in

[0008] . In addition, technological development is progressing from the method of "producing coke from coal, burning the coke, reducing iron ore with the heat generated and the reducing gas (mainly carbon monoxide) generated, and directly reducing a part of the iron with carbon and melting it to take out iron" to the method of "reducing with hydrogen and melting in an electric furnace". Furthermore, utilization of hydrogen from coke oven gas and blast furnace gas, and separation and underground storage of the generated carbon dioxide are also being studied. Reduction of 10% of carbon dioxide by hydrogen injection technology into a blast furnace has been demonstrated. For further reduction, reduction with only hydrogen is being attempted to be industrialized, and a large amount of inexpensive and stable supply of hydrogen is required, but the prospect of domestic hydrogen is not promising. [Non-Patent Document 1] Here, the endothermic and exothermic reaction formulas of the reduction reactions of FeO, Fe2O3, and 2Fe3O4 are also described. 【0003】 Carbon dioxide emissions can be reduced by carbonizing trees in a coke oven to produce charcoal, which is then used in blast furnaces for steelmaking, instead of coal. However, it seems that charcoal strong enough to withstand steelmaking in current large blast furnaces cannot be produced. In Brazil, industrial steelmaking is carried out using charcoal made from eucalyptus trees, but the scale of the blast furnaces appears to be small. Therefore, it seems unlikely to become the mainstream method worldwide. [Non-Patent Literature 19] [Non-Patent Literature 20] [Non-Patent Literature 21] When charcoal is produced by contacting it with high molecular weight vapors such as tar, its strength increases significantly depending on the carbonization conditions. However, it has been noted that since high-strength charcoal can be produced from trees with a high specific gravity, such as oak, the improvement in strength from contact with tar vapor was only slight [Patent Document 22]. 【0004】 Biocoke utilizing biomass has been developed [Patent Document 10] [Non-Patent Document 9], but it has not yet been used in steelmaking. 【0005】 Replacing a portion of regular coke with ferrocoke (a coke-alternative reducing agent produced by the mixing, molding, and carbonization of general coal and low-grade iron ore) is expected to significantly reduce carbon dioxide emissions [Non-Patent Literature 2]. However, it is still far from being carbon-free. 【0006】 The present inventor's patent application [Patent Document 18] JPB 007251858, a multi-stage bio-hydrogen generation system, can produce water gas and hydrogen from a wide variety of biomass. 【0007】 Currently, the hydrogen generators in operational coal gasification combined cycle power plants produce gas from coal, air, and steam, from which carbon dioxide is removed to rotate a gas turbine generator and a steam turbine generator to generate electricity [Patent Document 19]. Using these devices, hydrogen can also be obtained by inserting biomass instead of coal and gasifying it. Even without removing carbon dioxide, the resulting gas is combustible and contains carbon monoxide and hydrogen, so it can be used in gas turbine generators [Non-Patent Document 12] and methanol synthesis. Devices for producing hydrogen from biomass have also been invented [Patent Document 8]. 【0008】 This document describes the progress of carbon dioxide emission reduction measures and technological developments in the steelmaking industry to date. By controlling the carbon / hydrogen molar ratio of the reducing gas blown in from the blast furnace tuyeres of a steel mill, the temperature inside the blast furnace was maintained and the reduction rate of iron ore was improved. This reduced the amount of coke used and contributed to a reduction in carbon dioxide emissions [Patent Document 1]. Similarly, optimizing the blowing conditions of the reducing gas blown in from the blast furnace tuyeres also contributed to a reduction in carbon dioxide emissions [Patent Document 2]. 【0009】 By reducing carbon dioxide in the exhaust gas from the blast furnace, i.e., the blast furnace gas, and recycling it back into the blast furnace, carbon dioxide emissions can be reduced [Patent Document 3]. 【0010】 Methane gas is synthesized from steam reformed gas produced by the thermal decomposition of waste plastics and blast furnace gas, and supplied through the blast furnace tuyer to suppress CO2 emissions. However, the tuyer temperature must be 1200°C or higher. [Patent Document 4] 【0011】 Regarding a suitable lance for blowing two to three types of gases from the tuyeres of a blast furnace [Patent Document 5] A method of iron production by charging reduced iron, which has been hydrogen-reduced in a reduction furnace, into a blast furnace [Patent Document 6] 【0012】 A method for converting carbon monoxide from blast furnace gas to carbon dioxide using a shift reaction, and then separating and recovering hydrogen using a swing adsorption method [Patent Document 7] 【0013】 A method for producing reduced iron, which involves self-aggregating finely powdered iron ore in a fluidized bed and then reducing the aggregated iron ore in a fluidized bed [Patent Document 9] 【0014】 A method for producing hard, high-calorific value biocoke by pressing biomass into a mold, heating it under pressure, and then cooling it. [Patent Document 10] Sintered ore aims to achieve both strength and improved reducibility as a blast furnace raw material while also increasing meltability. In other words, sintered ore is not merely an agglomerate for ensuring ventilation in the blast furnace, but also plays a role in improving the reducing properties in the blast furnace and reducing the reducing agent ratio by using the CaO component as a melting point to partially melt the iron ore [Non-Patent Literature 11]. 【0015】 Regarding the manufacturing method and quality of sintered ore A method for producing sintered ore, comprising granulating a sintering raw material mixture of iron ore, limestone, MgO-containing auxiliary raw materials, carbon material, and return ore, charging it into a pallet of a downward suction type sintering machine, and firing it, characterized in that the average particle size (MSC) of the carbon material is greater than 2.0 mm and less than or equal to 2.8 mm, and the ratio of the average particle size (MSL) of the limestone to the average particle size (MSC) of the carbon material is 0.94 ≤ MSL / MSC ≤ 1.2. Iron ore accounts for approximately 70% to 85% by mass of the sintering raw material, and is used with a particle size range of 10 mm or less. Typically, 5 to 10 types of iron ore brands are mixed, and the average particle size of the iron ore is in the range of 1.3 mm to 2.5 mm depending on the mixing ratio. The auxiliary raw materials are CaO-containing auxiliary raw materials such as limestone and quicklime, and MgO-containing auxiliary raw materials such as olivine and nickel slag. Carbon materials include commonly used coke and anthracite, as well as coal char, and are primarily composed of carbon components (free carbon) that serve as a heat source for sintering. In the sintering process, carbon materials act as a heat source that generates molten material around the iron ore in the raw material packing bed. Limestone is a raw material for the molten material and melts due to the combustion of carbon materials. The CaO in the limestone reacts with the Fe2O3 in the iron ore to produce a calcium ferrite (CaO·Fe2O3) molten material, and this molten material promotes the agglomeration of the blended raw materials (sintering raw materials). Therefore, in the molten material generation (sintering) reaction of the sintering raw materials, limestone and carbon materials are important factors that directly affect the yield, as they influence the amount of molten material generated, i.e., the strength of the sintered ore that is fired. [Patent Document 11] 【0016】 A method for producing sintered ore, comprising adding water to a raw material for sintered ore production and mixing and granulating it to produce a granulated sintered raw material which is a pseudo-particle, and firing it in a Dwightroid type sintering machine to obtain the finished sintered ore. A method for producing sintered ore, characterized by measuring the component concentration and moisture content of the raw material for sintered ore production, and then adding a chemical agent to the raw material for sintered ore production based on the component concentration and moisture content to control the flow state of the raw material [Patent Document 12]. A method for producing sintered ore, comprising: charging sintering raw materials onto a circulating pallet to form a charging layer; igniting the upper surface layer of the charging layer using an ignition furnace; drawing air from below the charging layer to burn the carbon material contained in the sintering raw materials to form a sintered cake; and then discharging the sintered cake from a discharge section to produce sintered ore, characterized in that the amount of shrinkage of the charging layer after ignition is measured, and the initial packing density of the charging layer is adjusted so that the amount of shrinkage of the charging layer falls within a predetermined range [Patent Document 13] 【0017】 A sintering carbon material used in the iron ore sintering process, comprising coal and biomass charcoal as compounding materials, wherein the ratio (mass%) of fixed carbon of the biomass charcoal to the fixed carbon of the coal and biomass charcoal after carbonization is greater than 0 and 30% by mass or less, and the volatile matter content after carbonization is 5.0% by mass or less. Biomass charcoal has the characteristic of having a low combustion temperature, and because it is more porous than powdered coke, a fast combustion rate can be obtained even at a low combustion start temperature [Patent Document 14]. MgO·CaO and other substances contained in sintered ore can also be used as catalysts (reaction accelerators) for water gasification reactions [Non-Patent Literature 15]. 【0018】 Ferrocoke is a coke substitute reducing agent produced by mixing, molding, and carbonizing general coal and low-grade iron ore [Non-Patent Literature 2]. Because the iron mixed inside acts as a catalyst, it is more reactive than ordinary coke and reacts at a lower temperature. Since the reaction of ferrocoke is endothermic, it can lower the heat retention zone temperature of the blast furnace, promoting the reduction of sintered ore in the blast furnace and lowering the reducing agent ratio. The reactivity of ferrocoke containing Ca in addition to Fe is dramatically improved compared to ferrocoke containing Fe but not Ca. It was produced by mixing 30% by mass of iron raw material with coal, molding the mixture into egg-shaped briquettes with dimensions of 30 mm × 25 mm × 18 mm, and then carbonizing it. [Patent Literature 16] By distilling and modifying the tar obtained in the process of producing ferrocoke, modified tar usable as a binder can be manufactured at low cost. Because this modified tar has strong binding properties, it is particularly suitable for use as a binder for steelmaking raw materials. [Patent Document 17] 【0019】 Ironmaking technology utilizing hydrogen [Non-Patent Literature 1]. This is also explained in the diagram in the document. "A method in which iron ore is reduced in its solid state using hydrogen, and then transferred to an electric furnace for melting. Because hydrogen is used for reduction, coke is not used, thus reducing carbon dioxide emissions compared to blast furnaces. However, this method requires hydrogen from an external source. If hydrogen is obtained from coke oven gas, coal is used, so carbon dioxide emissions are unavoidable. The aim is to further reduce carbon dioxide emissions." [Non-Patent Literature 1] [Non-Patent Literature 6] 【0020】 Steel mills recover all the heat generated to produce electricity [Non-Patent Literature 5]. In particular, they generate electricity using blast furnace gas, and the recovery and utilization of heat has been practiced for more than 15 years. [Non-Patent Literature 3] [Non-Patent Literature 4] The three types of furnaces used in steelmaking are blast furnaces, converters, and electric furnaces [Non-Patent Document 7]. 【0021】 Method and apparatus for producing biocoke by heating, pressurizing, and cooling [Patent Document 10] In the bio-coke utilization test, the compressive strength, calorific value, etc. of coke were compared, and it was reported that it can be used for ironmaking in a blast furnace instead of coke [Non-Patent Document 9]. 【0022】 The compressive strength of coal varies extremely depending on the particle size of the coal, that is, its size [Non-Patent Document 14]. If it is not made into coke, it will be difficult to vent gas in the blast furnace, and it seems impossible to use. Therefore, it is used as a carbon material for sintered ore and ferrocoke. [Patent Document 16] [Patent Document 17] [Non-Patent Document 2] [Non-Patent Document 11] 【0023】 A hydrogen gas reduction ironmaking method in which hydrogen gas injection is carried out in the center of the furnace and in the two stages above it. The upper injection is a temperature-rising gas containing steam heated to 800 °C or higher by burning hydrogen and oxygen. [Patent Document 20] In this case, only hydrogen is used, so there is no generation of carbon dioxide. Since hydrogen reduction is an endothermic reaction, heating is required [Non-Patent Document 1] [Non-Patent Document 6]. 【0024】 When hydrogen is blown into the blast furnace for reduction, the amount of coke can be reduced accordingly, but the gas venting of the molten iron ore becomes poor. Also, if the amount of coke is reduced too much, the iron ore will not melt [Non-Patent Document 1] [Non-Patent Document 6]. In order not to solidify the molten iron, etc., the tuyere temperature is required to be 1200 °C or higher [Patent Document 4]. done An invention of a technology that can modify low-quality coal into raw coal with excellent caking properties by directly contacting the pyrolysis gas generated during the carbonization of low-quality coal with the low-quality coal, then cooling it, mixing the low-quality coal with the char and strongly caking coal during carbonization, and carbonizing it in a chamber coke oven [Patent Document 15]. 【0025】 As described above, it is difficult to significantly reduce carbon dioxide emissions except for ironmaking methods using hydrogen ironmaking or bio-coke. Hydrogen ironmaking requires a large electric furnace and has the problem of procuring a large amount of electricity. There is an international agreement that biomass utilization during regeneration is not considered to generate carbon dioxide. However, at present, only power generation by burning biomass to generate steam is being carried out. This is so-called biomass power generation, which has problems of fuel procurement and utilization efficiency. The biggest problem seems to be that there is no accompanying regeneration work such as afforestation. In addition, it has been reported that a coal gasification combined cycle power plant can gasify and combine gas turbine power generation and steam power generation to dramatically improve the power generation efficiency per unit of coal [Non-Patent Document 23]. Similar improvement in power generation efficiency can be expected for biomass. However, it has not been industrialized. [Non-Patent Document 9] concludes that the compressive strength of coal coke is 20 MPa and that of bio-coke is 150 MPa, and both can be used in blast furnace ironmaking. Therefore, the results of an investigation of the compressive strength of trees were summarized in [Non-Patent Document 13]. As a result, even cedar, which is said to be a soft wood, had a compressive strength of 34 MPa. Thus, it was found that it can withstand the weight of iron ore, etc. even when filled in a blast furnace. Solid biomass can be filled in blast furnace ironmaking instead of coke. However, in order to burn it and melt the iron raw material, solid biomass with a calorific value higher than that of coke must be obtained. When the heat required for ironmaking is supplied by the combustion method of gas in the lower part of the blast furnace, solid biomass for generating reducing gas such as water gasification reaction can be used in blast furnace ironmaking if it has sufficient compressive strength. 【0026】 The technical basis of the present invention will be described. A coal gasification combined cycle power plant [Patent Document 19] generates water gas from coal, steam, and air, converts carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide using a shift reaction catalyst, separates carbon dioxide to increase the hydrogen concentration, and then generates electricity with a gas turbine. If appropriate biomass is used instead of coal, it is possible to obtain water gas and hydrogen in the same way. 【0027】 In the bio multi-stage hydrogen generation system of the present inventor [Patent Document 18], a large amount of water gas can be produced from biomass. Furthermore, there are also devices for producing hydrogen from biomass [Patent Document 8], and there are other methods for producing combustible gas from biomass. 【0028】 We also drew inspiration from gas turbine technology. Gas turbines can obtain rotational power commensurate with the heat content of low-calorie gases such as blast furnace gas. Therefore, even with biomass gasification, rotational power commensurate with its potential heat content can be obtained, enabling power generation. [Non-Patent Literature 12] The track record of blast furnace gas power generation is reported in [Non-Patent Literature 3] and [Non-Patent Literature 4]. This document provides a detailed explanation of the reaction equation, reaction heat, and catalyst (reaction accelerator) related to water gases. [Non-Patent Document 15] 【0029】 Furthermore, in conventional blast furnace steelmaking, the necessary heat is obtained by burning coke in the middle and upper parts of the blast furnace. Even if hydrogen or methane gas is injected from the bottom of the blast furnace, or coal powder is injected and burned, it is only to supplement a portion of the total heat required for steelmaking, and there is no idea of ​​using it to supply the total heat. Moreover, it is considered as an auxiliary to the reducing agent for iron, and only the reduction in coke usage is expected. [Patent Document 1] [Patent Document 2] [Patent Document 3] [Patent Document 4] [Patent Document 5] [Patent Document 6] Therefore, in the middle of the blast furnace, iron raw materials such as iron ore and reduced iron melt, reducing the ventilation space and making gas escape difficult. Also, because iron raw materials and reduced iron melt, it is not possible to prevent the formation of fusion zones, so non-melting coke or similar material is required for gas escape to be possible. 【0030】 Therefore, if combustible gas is supplied to the burner at the bottom of the blast furnace and burned to melt iron raw materials such as iron ore, and the heat required for the reduction reaction is also supplied, then only a small amount of iron raw materials such as iron ore and reduced iron will need to be melted in the middle of the blast furnace, and the deterioration of gas escape will be minimal. In addition, solid combustible materials for heat generation, such as coke and solid biomass, will not be necessary. Thus, the amount of coke and solid biomass, which also play a role in generating reducing gas in the middle of the blast furnace, can be significantly reduced compared to conventional steelmaking methods. Moreover, if combustible gas is produced in a way that is considered to produce zero carbon dioxide, it is a hydrocarbon compound such as hydrogen, water gas, and methane, and after combustion, it becomes water vapor, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and nitrogen from the air. Therefore, coke and solid biomass generate water gas (containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen) in the water gasification reaction and become a reducing gas, which reduces the iron content of the iron raw materials. Therefore, the blast furnace only needs to be filled with iron raw materials such as iron ore, sintered ore, and ferrocoke, along with solid combustible materials to generate the necessary amount of reducing gas. In other words, the amount of solid combustible materials used for combustion to generate heat can be significantly reduced, so the amount of solid combustible materials that generate reducing gas, i.e., coke and solid biomass, needed to be filled in a much smaller amount relative to the iron raw materials compared to conventional steelmaking methods. As a result, the amount of iron raw materials that can be filled increases, and the productivity of reduced iron is improved. The necessary combustible gas can be procured using a method that produces water gas from biomass in a device separate from the blast furnace. This is described in

[0026] and

[0027] . 【0031】 Since the amount of solid combustible materials required for steelmaking, namely coke and solid biomass, is significantly reduced compared to conventional blast furnace steelmaking, solid biomass can also be used for steelmaking if it has a similar strength to coke. Non-Patent Document 9 concludes that coal coke has a compressive strength of 20 MPa and biocoke has 150 MPa, making them usable in blast furnace steelmaking. Therefore, we investigated the compressive strength of trees and summarized the findings in Non-Patent Document 13. As a result, even cedar, which is said to be a soft wood, had a compressive strength of 34 MPa. Thus, it was found that it can withstand the weight of iron ore and other materials even when filled into a blast furnace. The main cause of poor gas venting in the middle of the blast furnace is the melting of iron raw materials such as iron ore. This reduces the space available for gas venting, causing gas to escape through the surface of unmelted coke and other materials. Therefore, if coke and other materials are pulverized, the space available for gas venting decreases further, making blast furnace steelmaking difficult. In other words, even if iron raw materials and reduced iron melt, it is sufficient if solid material remains to allow gas venting space. Therefore, if iron raw materials, reduced iron, and slag are melted by gas combustion in the lower part of the blast furnace, melting in the middle of the blast furnace is minimal, resulting in good gas venting. Even if soft woods such as cedar carbonize in the blast furnace, becoming low-strength charcoal with smaller particle sizes, the porous nature of the material means that gas venting is likely to only decrease slightly. For information on machines that crush biomass to a desired size, we used a portion of a catalog as source material [Non-Patent Document 18]. 【0032】 The carbon content in sintered ore and ferrocoke also undergoes a water gasification reaction, generating carbon monoxide and hydrogen. It was discovered that this also causes a reduction reaction of iron oxide, producing reduced iron. Therefore, even when biomass is used as the carbon source, a water gasification reaction occurs, and reducing gases are also generated. By mixing in high-molecular-weight substances such as tar, high-strength sintered ore and ferrocoke can be produced. [Patent Document 15] [Patent Document 16] [Patent Document 17] Mixing in high-molecular-weight substances such as tar is effective in obtaining high-strength charcoal [Patent Document 22]. Using biomass-derived tar and resins in the production of sintered ore and ferrocoke makes it possible to produce blast furnace steel that utilizes the combustion heat of combustible gases from biomass and, if filled with solid biomass, can be considered to produce absolutely zero carbon dioxide emissions. A technology that allows for the modification of inferior coal into coking coal with excellent coking properties by directly contacting the carbonization gas generated during the carbonization of inferior coal with the inferior coal and then cooling it [Patent Document 15]. By distilling and modifying the tar obtained in the process of obtaining ferrocoke, modified tar that can be used as a binder can be produced at low cost. Because this modified tar has strong binding properties, it can be suitably used as a binder for steelmaking raw materials [Patent Document 17]. Therefore, we realized that it is possible to produce strong biosintered ore and ferrobiotics using high molecular weight substances such as tree sap, natural resins, and tar obtained from the carbonization of solid biomass, along with solid biomass and iron ore. 【0033】 Excess reducing gas not used in the reduction reaction can be supplied from the top of the blast furnace to power generation equipment and put to good use. If sufficient heat recovery is achieved, it has been found that blast furnace steelmaking and power generation can be performed with the same amount of biomass as used in biomass power generation, and it is possible to generate about the same amount of power as biomass power generation. It has been announced that coal gasification combined cycle power plants have a high potential to generate about 5 / 3 times the power of conventional coal-fired power plants [Non-Patent Literature 23]. Hydrocarbons such as hydrogen and methane produced without generating carbon dioxide, as well as naturally occurring hydrogen, can also be used in this invention as reducing gases or combustible gases. The structure of a blast furnace is illustrated on the internet [Non-Patent Document 24]. [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents] 【0034】 [Patent Document 1] JPB 007055082 - Blast Furnace Operation Method [Patent Document 2] JPB 007297091 - Blast Furnace Operation Method [Patent Document 3] JPB 006843489 - Steelmaking systems and steelmaking methods [Patent Document 4] JPA 2021152212 - Blast Furnace Operation Methods and Blast Furnace Ancillary Equipment [Patent Document 5] JPWO2014010660A1 Blast furnace operation method and tube bundle type lance [Patent Document 6] JPA 2023067695 Blast Furnace Operation Methods [Patent Document 7] JPA 2018071894 - Method for separating and recovering hydrogen from blast furnace gas, method for producing hydrogen, and apparatus for separating and recovering hydrogen from blast furnace gas. [Patent Document 8] JPB 005830142 - Apparatus for generating hydrogen gas using biomass [Patent Document 9] JPA 2021188093 - Equipment for manufacturing reduced iron and method for manufacturing reduced iron [Patent Document 10] WO2010113679A1 Biocoke manufacturing method and manufacturing apparatus [Patent Document 11] JJPB 007205362 Method for manufacturing sintered ore [Patent Document 12] JPA 2024-067239 Method for producing sintered ore [Patent Document 13] JPA202429278 Method for producing sintered ore and sintering machine [Patent Document 14] JPB7456560 Carbon material for sintering, sintered ore, and method for manufacturing carbon material for sintering [Patent Document 15] JPA 2021161308 - Method for producing coke [Patent Document 16] WO2017 / 145696 Method for manufacturing ferrocoke [Patent Document 17] JPA 2024106138—Method for producing modified tar, method for producing binders for steelmaking raw materials, method for producing molded bodies, and method for molding ferrocoke. [Patent Document 18] JPB 007251858 Bio Multistage Hydrogen Generation System [Patent Document 19] JPB 002870929 - Coal Gasification Combined Cycle Power Plant, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. [Patent Document 20] JPB 00726313 Method for operating a shaft furnace and method for producing reduced iron [Patent Document 21] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2012-007213 Direct reduction ironmaking method and apparatus for producing reducing gas therefor [Non-patent literature] 【0035】 [Non-Patent Document 1] https: / / www.meti.go.jp / shingikai / energy_environment / suiso_nenryo / pdf / 020_05_00.pd Hydrogen Utilization in the Steel Industry February 9, 2021 Nippon Steel Corporation [Non-Patent Document 2] https: / / www.nedo.go.jp / content / 100906314.pdf 100906314 Development of environmentally friendly process technologies Development of ferrocoke technology [Non-Patent Document 3] https: / / www.mhi.co.jp / technology / review / pdf / 444 / 444032.pdf Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Technical Report VOL.44 NO.4: 2007 Construction and Operation Results of a 300 MW Blast Furnace Gas-Fired Combined Cycle Plant for China Anshan Iron and Steel Group Co., Ltd. [Non-Patent Document 4] https: / / prtimes.jp / main / html / rd / p / 000000265.000025611.html Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. receives order for 180,000kW class blast furnace gas-fired GTCC power generation equipment for a steelworks of the Jiangsu Shagang Group in China [Non-Patent Document 5] https: / / www.nipponsteel.com / company / publications / quarterly-nssmc / pdf / 2013_8_003_14_21.pdf Steelworks are power plants [Non-Patent Document 6] https: / / www.enecho.meti.go.jp / about / special / johoteikyo / suiso_seitetu.html How far has hydrogen-based steelmaking technology progressed? | Special Content | Agency for Natural Resources and Energy (meti.go.jp) [Non-Patent Document 7] https: / / persol-tech-s.co.jp / hatalabo / mono_engineer / 102.html Three "furnaces" in the steelmaking industry that are surprisingly little known [Non-Patent Document 8] JFE Steel Corporation begins demonstration testing of medium-scale equipment for ferrocoke production, aiming to establish technology that will reduce CO2 emissions and energy consumption in the ironmaking process by approximately 10% | JFE Steel Corporation (jfe-steel.co.jp) [Non-Patent Document 9] https: / / www.jstage.jst.go.jp / article / mcwmr / 28 / 1 / 28_45 / _pdf / -char / ja [Special Feature: New Trends in Biomass Utilization] Basic Characteristics of Biocoke (BIC) and Towards Promoting its Widespread Use [Non-Patent Document 10] 2. Suspended Exothermic Gasification and Liquid Fuel Synthesis of Plant Biomass [2kinkiagri.or.jp / activity / Sympo / sympo50(100315) / 2sakai.pdf1] [Non-Patent Document 11] https: / / www.jstage.jst.go.jp / article / tetsutohagane / 100 / 2 / 100_100_TETSU-2013-060 / _html / -char / ja / 1 Responding to resource changes: Quality and manufacturing technology of sintered ore, 100 years of sintering history, and the future. [Non-Patent Document 12] https: / / www.iae.or.jp / wp / wp-content / uploads / 2014 / 09 / 2006-1.pdf Gas Turbine Technology, March 2007, Institute of Advanced Energy Engineering - [Non-Patent Document 13] Compressive strength and flexural strength of trees[1] Hirai, Shinji, "Encyclopedia of Trees," Asakura Shoten, (1996)[2] Kijima, Tsuneo, Okamoto, Shogo, Hayashi, Shozo, "Illustrated Encyclopedia of Wood in Color," Hoikusha, (1962) (Literature values ​​are in kg / cm2. For conversion to MPa, the acceleration due to gravity was assumed to be 9.8 m / s2, and the calculation result was rounded to two decimal places.) Tree Compressive strength Flexural strength Source kg / cm2 kg / cm2 (MPa in parentheses) (MPa in parentheses) Japanese cedar 350 (34) 650 (64) [1] p.46 Japanese cypress 400 (39) 750 (74) [1] p.51, [2] p.21 Japanese zelkova 500 (49) 1000 (98) [1] p.180, [2] p.50 Japanese cherry 450 (44) 1050 (103) [1] p.66, [2] p.270 *Prunus serrulata* 510 (50) 670 (66) [1] p.275, [2] p.64 *Prunus mume* 540 (53) 900 (88) [1] p.288, [2] p.65 *Loquat* 630 (62) No data [1] p.299, [2] p.68 *Quercus phillyraeoides* 680 (67) 1100 (110) [1] p.156, [2] p.43 Types of natural resins: Pine resin, Varnish, Natural sap, Natural rubber, Pine root oil (Oil obtained by dry distillation of the roots of coniferous trees or the roots and branches of pine trees. Similar to turpentine oil and used as a solvent in paints and varnishes. There was a time when it was also used as a raw material for aviation fuel. Quoted from Kojien dictionary.) [Non-Patent Document 14] ja (jst.go.jp) Compressive Strength of Coal - A Study on the Mechanism of Coal Micropulverization [Non-Patent Document 15] Fundamentals of Coal Gasification Reactions — Received November 29, 1978 — Yoshiro Morita, Waseda University — Search (bing.com) [Non-Patent Document 16] Hydrogen-based steelmaking technology. Toyoji Isohara, Acting General Manager, Technology Division, Nippon Steel Corporation. (ja (jst.go.jp) / article / kakyoshi / 70 / 9 / 70_422 / _pdf / -char / ja) [Non-Patent Document 17] Specific gravity of iron ore, edited by the Geological Survey of Japan (now the Geological Survey of Japan, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology), Geological News No. 96 (https: / / www.gsj.jp / publications / pub / chishitsunews / news1962-08.html) [Non-Patent Document 18] https: / / evort.jp / article / mill-machine What is a milling machine? We introduce the differences between milling machines and crushing machines, typical types, and recommended related products. | Online exhibition platform evort [Non-Patent Document 19] ja (jst.go.jp) Brazilian charcoal [Non-Patent Document 20] ja (jst.go.jp) Production structure of the Brazilian steel industry, Shin Hasegawa, Tohoku University (Graduate School) [Non-Patent Document 21] Green Steel - Enhancing Sustainability in the Steel Industry (pictet.co.jp) [Non-Patent Document 22] (jspp.org) About tree sap _ Everyone's Corner _ The Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists [Non-Patent Document 23] https: / / www.mhi.com / jp / products / energy / integrated_coal_gasfication_combined_cycle.html Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) plant, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Group [Non-Patent Document 24] https: / / www.bing.com / searchpglt=2083q=blast furnace structure - search images [Overview of the project] [Problems that the invention aims to solve] 【0036】 Conventional methods using blast furnaces and coal have limitations in reducing carbon dioxide emissions, and hydrogen-based steelmaking faces the challenges of procuring large quantities of inexpensive hydrogen and large quantities of inexpensive electricity through the use of electric furnaces. Biocoke requires processes such as crushing, heating, compressing, and cooling of biomass, which presents challenges in mass production and cost. Furthermore, conventional blast furnace steelmaking relies on burning coke in the middle and upper parts of the blast furnace to obtain the necessary heat. Even if hydrogen or methane gas is injected from the bottom of the blast furnace, or coal powder is injected and burned, it only supplements a portion of the total heat required for steelmaking. There is no idea of ​​using it to supply the total heat, and it is only considered as an auxiliary to the reducing agent for iron, with the expectation of reducing the amount of coke used. [Patent Document 1] [Patent Document 2] [Patent Document 3] [Patent Document 4] [Patent Document 5] [Patent Document 6] While the productivity of steelmaking is increasing due to the use of sintered ore and ferrocoke, it is impossible to reduce carbon dioxide emissions to zero as long as coal is used. [Means for solving the problem] 【0037】 Therefore, if a combustible gas "produced in a manner considered to produce no carbon dioxide" is supplied to the burner in the lower part of the blast furnace and burned to melt iron raw materials such as iron ore, supplying the heat necessary for the reduction reaction, only a small amount of iron raw materials such as iron ore and reduced iron will need to be melted in the middle part of the blast furnace, as the majority will melt in the lower part of the blast furnace, resulting in only a slight deterioration in gas escape. In addition, solid combustible materials for heat generation, such as coke and solid biomass, become unnecessary. Thus, the amount of coke and solid biomass, which also play a role in generating reducing gas in the middle part of the blast furnace, can be significantly reduced compared to conventional steelmaking methods. Moreover, if the combustible gas is produced in a manner considered to produce zero carbon dioxide emissions, it consists of hydrocarbon compounds such as hydrogen, water gas, and methane, and after combustion, it becomes water vapor, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and nitrogen from the air. Therefore, since the temperature in the middle of the blast furnace also exceeds 1000°C, coke and solid biomass undergo a water gasification reaction, generating water gas (containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen), which becomes a reducing gas and reduces the iron content of the iron raw material. Normally, the water gasification reaction by steam occurs at temperatures above 800°C [Patent Document 10] [Patent Document 15]. Thus, the blast furnace only needs to be filled with iron raw materials such as iron ore, sintered ore, and ferrocoke, along with solid combustible materials that generate the necessary reducing gas. Since the amount of solid combustible material used for heat generation by combustion is significantly reduced, the amount of solid combustible material that generates reducing gas, i.e., coke and solid biomass, required for filling is less than in conventional steelmaking methods relative to the iron raw material. Therefore, the amount of iron raw material that can be filled increases, and the productivity of reduced iron is improved. The necessary combustible gases are produced in a separate apparatus from the blast furnace, using a method that is considered not to generate carbon dioxide. They can be procured mainly by producing water gas from biomass. See

[0026] and

[0027] . In other words, blast furnace steelmaking is possible by burning iron and the rocks contained in iron ore at a temperature that melts them, and by burning a combustible gas such as water gas at a temperature above 1600°C, which is above the melting point of iron. If the required temperature cannot be reached by burning water gas at the bottom of the blast furnace, it is possible to burn a gas with a high hydrogen concentration separated using a device that removes carbon dioxide from water gas (devices used in coal gasification combined cycle power generation [Non-Patent Document 19] can also be used), and hydrocarbons such as methane produced by a method that does not generate carbon dioxide. If that is still insufficient, steelmaking can be made by blowing in oxygen. 【0038】 Furthermore, [Non-Patent Document 9] concludes that coal coke has a compressive strength of 20 MPa and biocoke has 150 MPa, making them usable in blast furnace steelmaking. Therefore, we investigated the compressive strength of trees and summarized the findings in [Non-Patent Document 13]. The results showed that even cedar, considered a soft wood, had a compressive strength of 34 MPa. Thus, it was found that it can withstand the weight of iron ore and other materials when filled into a blast furnace. 【0039】 Excess reducing gas not used in the reduction reaction can be supplied from the top of the blast furnace to power generation equipment and put to good use. If sufficient heat recovery is achieved, it has been found that the same amount of electricity can be generated using the same amount of biomass as used for biomass power generation, by using blast furnace steelmaking, gas turbine power generation with blast furnace gas, and steam power generation by recovering heat from each steelmaking device [Non-Patent Literature 3] [Non-Patent Literature 4] [Non-Patent Literature 5]. However, while biomass regeneration systems such as afforestation are necessary, a large amount of unused biomass is left neglected. 【0040】 Therefore, it was found that blast furnace steelmaking can be carried out using biomass. It is clear that hydrocarbons such as hydrogen and methane produced without generating carbon dioxide, as well as naturally occurring hydrogen, can also be used in this invention as reducing gases or combustible gases. For example, it is possible to burn hydrogen produced by electrolyzing water using renewable energy such as solar power and wind power, hydrogen produced by directly decomposing water with sunlight, and hydrocarbons such as methane and ammonia produced using that hydrogen in the lower part of the blast furnace. This brings us closer to zero carbon dioxide emissions. Hydrocarbons such as water gas, hydrogen, and methane burned in the lower part of the blast furnace simply turn into carbon dioxide and steam. However, they react with the carbon in sintered ore and ferrocoke to produce water gas, generating carbon monoxide and hydrogen. It was then discovered that this reaction also causes a reduction reaction of iron oxide, producing reduced iron. Therefore, even when biomass is used as the carbon source, the water gas reaction occurs, and reducing gases are also generated. 【0041】 Sintered ore aims to achieve both strength and improved reducibility as a blast furnace raw material, while also increasing moltenness. Some sintered ore is produced by sintering high-grade hematite powder iron ore and powder limestone to suppress the difficult-to-reduce mineral structure. In other words, sintered ore is not simply an agglomerate to ensure ventilation in the blast furnace, but also plays a role in improving the reducing properties in the blast furnace and reducing the reducing agent ratio by using the CaO component as a melting point to partially melt the iron ore and control the pores and mineral structure [Non-Patent Document 15]. The manufacturing method and quality of sintered ore are described in [Patent Document 11], [Patent Document 12], [Patent Document 13], [Patent Document 14], and [Non-Patent Document 11]. MgO and CaO contained in sintered ore can also be used as catalysts (reaction accelerators) for water gasification reactions [Non-Patent Document 15]. The types of iron ore and their iron content are described in [Non-Patent Document 17]. 【0042】 Ferrocoke was developed and is being put into practical use to facilitate the melting of reduced iron and reduce the amount of coke used by utilizing low-grade iron ore and general coal [Non-Patent Document 2] [Non-Patent Document 8]. Not only CaO in ferrocoke, but also Fe increases the rate of iron reduction by carbon monoxide, thus increasing productivity. The reactivity of ferrocoke containing Ca in addition to Fe is dramatically improved compared to ferrocoke containing Fe but not Ca. A mixture of coal and iron raw material was prepared by mixing iron raw material at a ratio of 30% by mass relative to the mass of the mixed raw material. This mixture was then molded into egg-shaped briquettes with dimensions of 30 mm × 25 mm × 18 mm, and subsequently produced by carbonization. [Patent Document 16] Replacing these carbon components with biomass-derived carbon compounds will bring carbon dioxide emissions close to zero. Ferrocoke will be labeled as ferrobio when replaced with biomass-derived carbon compounds. Biomass-derived carbon compounds include solid biomass, charcoal obtained by dry distillation of bamboo and trees, sap obtained by damaging the surface of bamboo and trees, especially natural rubber, and tar obtained by smoking bamboo and trees, which are also effective in improving the strength of sintered ore and ferrobio and can be used [Patent Document 17]. 【0043】 According to [Non-Patent Document 1], a blast furnace simultaneously performs 1) heating, 2) reduction, and 3) melting (separation of non-ferrous components). In a hydrogen-utilizing blast furnace, if the amount of carbon (coke) is reduced and hydrogen is injected under pressure to increase it, 1. The amount of coke (support) decreases, reducing the gaps → making it difficult for hydrogen to pass through and the reaction to proceed. 2. The amount of heat generated decreases → melting will not occur. The main reaction in the current blast furnace is Reduction by hot air CO: Exothermic reaction FeO + CO → Fe + CO2 + 16.7 kJ / mol Reduction by carbon: Large endothermic reaction FeO + C → Fe + CO - 155.8 kJ / mol Hydrogen reduction*: Endothermic reaction FeO + H2 → Fe + H2O - 24.4 kJ / mol Oxidation of carbon: A large exothermic reaction C + 0.5 O2 → CO + 110.5 kJ / mol 3Fe2O3+CO→2Fe3O4+CO2 + 47.2 kJ / mol Fe3O4+CO→3FeO+CO2―36.6 kJ / mol [Effects of the Invention] 【0044】 If biomass regeneration, such as afforestation, is implemented, carbon dioxide emissions can be considered zero. Therefore, even in conventional blast furnace steelmaking, using biomass would bring carbon dioxide emissions close to zero. The blast furnace only needs to be filled with iron raw materials such as iron ore, sintered ore, and ferrocoke, along with the amount of solid biomass necessary for reduction. Since the amount of iron raw materials that can be filled increases, the productivity of reduced iron will improve, provided that reducing gases and combustible gases are supplied in sufficient quantities. There is also a high possibility of cost reduction. [Brief explanation of the drawing] 【0045】 [Figure 1] A conceptual diagram illustrating an apparatus for carrying out the present invention. [Figure 2] Details of a blast furnace for carrying out the present invention [Figure 3] Blast furnaces for hydrogen-based steelmaking [Modes for carrying out the invention] 【0046】 The principle of the present invention will be explained with reference to Figure 1. 100 is a device that obtains combustible gas in a manner that is considered not to generate carbon dioxide. In other words, 100 also includes a device that converts biomass into water gas using high-temperature steam and a reducing agent such as air. It is also possible to repurpose the coal gasifier and gas purification equipment of a combined cycle coal gasification power generation system to produce water gas from biomass. The device described in the inventor's patent [Patent Document 18] may also be used. Alternatively, it includes a device that produces hydrogen by electrolyzing water using electricity such as solar power or wind power, or a device that produces hydrogen by decomposing water using a catalyst with sunlight. Furthermore, it also includes a device that produces combustible gas such as methane using that hydrogen. It also includes a device that extracts naturally occurring hydrogen. 【0047】 The combustible gas 40 generated in 100 is supplied to burner A installed at the bottom of the blast furnace 400, where it is burned with pressurized air to supply the heat necessary for steelmaking. 【0048】 If the combustible gas generated from biomass at 100 is water-based gas, and the temperature at the bottom of the blast furnace does not reach the temperature required to melt iron and slag, then water-based gas 40 and high-temperature steam 20 are supplied to the shift reactor 200 to react carbon monoxide with the steam to produce carbon dioxide and hydrogen. This gas 50 is then supplied to the carbon dioxide removal unit 300. The hydrogen-rich gas 60, from which carbon dioxide has been removed, is supplied to burner B, located at the bottom of the blast furnace 400, to raise the temperature at the bottom of the blast furnace to the required level. Alternatively, a gas with a high concentration of hydrocarbons such as hydrogen or methane, produced by a method that is considered not to generate carbon dioxide, is supplied to 60. If the temperature is still insufficient, oxygen is blown in as well as air. 75 is the high-concentration carbon dioxide gas separated by the carbon dioxide removal unit 300. 【0049】 The iron raw material manufacturing apparatus 600 is supplied with iron ore, limestone, carbon, and other auxiliary materials 80 to produce sintered ore, ferrocoke, or biosintered ore or ferrobio in which the carbon content derived from coal is replaced with carbon content derived from biomass. That apparatus is 600. For the production of sintered ore, ferrocoke, or biosintered ore or ferrobio in which the carbon content derived from coal is replaced with carbon content derived from biomass, please refer to

[0042] , [Patent Document 15], [Patent Document 17], etc. 【0050】 The molten iron 85 accumulated at the bottom of the blast furnace 400 is supplied to processing equipment 500 that processes it into steel materials such as iron wire and iron plates, and the resulting products 1000 are shipped out. The molten slag is disposed of after its heat is recovered. 【0051】 Method for manufacturing sintered ore The sintering raw material, which is a mixture of iron ore, limestone, MgO-containing auxiliary materials, and carbon material, is mixed with a polymer substance such as tar, granulated, and then loaded into a pallet of a downward suction type sintering machine for firing. The average particle size (MSC) of the carbon material is greater than 2.0 mm and less than or equal to 2.8 mm, and the ratio of the average particle size (MSL) of the limestone to the average particle size (MSC) of the carbon material is 0.94 ≤ MSL / MSC ≤ 1.2 as a guideline. Iron ore accounts for approximately 70% to 85% by mass of the sintering raw material, and it is preferable to use iron ore with a particle size range of 10 mm or less. Usually, 5 to 10 types of iron ore brands are mixed, and the average particle size of the iron ore is in the range of 1.3 mm to 2.5 mm as a guideline, depending on the mixing ratio. The auxiliary materials are CaO-containing auxiliary materials such as limestone and quicklime, and MgO-containing auxiliary materials such as olivine and nickel slag. Carbon materials include commonly used coke and anthracite, as well as coal char, and other materials primarily composed of carbon components (free carbon) that serve as a heat source for sintering. During the sintering process, carbon materials act as a heat source, generating molten material around the iron ore in the raw material packing bed. [Patent Document 11] [Patent Document 12] [Patent Document 13] [Patent Document 14] [Non-Patent Document 11] Method for producing biosintered ore The carbon material of the aforementioned sintered ore is replaced with biomass-derived charcoal, powder of solid biomass such as trees and bamboo, and sap obtained by making incisions in tree trunks or resin seeping from trees. These are mixed, granulated, and sintered in the same manner as described above. Sap is described in [Patent Document 22]. 【0052】 Method for producing ferrocoke Ferrocoke is a coke substitute reducing agent produced by mixing, molding, and carbonizing general coal and low-grade iron ore [Non-Patent Literature 2]. Because the iron mixed inside acts as a catalyst, it is more reactive than ordinary coke and reacts at a lower temperature. Since the reaction of ferrocoke is endothermic, it can lower the heat retention zone temperature of the blast furnace, promoting the reduction of sintered ore in the blast furnace and lowering the reducing agent ratio. The reactivity of ferrocoke containing Ca in addition to Fe is dramatically improved compared to ferrocoke containing Fe but not Ca. It is produced by mixing 30% by mass of iron raw material with the mass of a mixed raw material consisting of coal and iron raw material, molding the mixture into egg-shaped briquettes with dimensions of 30 mm × 25 mm × 18 mm, and then carbonizing it [Patent Literature 16]. Methods for producing ferrobiotics In the method for manufacturing ferrocoke, the carbon material is replaced from coal with biomass-derived charcoal, powder of solid biomass such as trees and bamboo, and sap obtained by making incisions in tree trunks or resin seeping from trees. These are then mixed, granulated, and sintered in the same manner as described above. When using solid biomass powder, mixing in even a few percent of tree sap, which provides strength similar to natural rubber used in car tires, makes it easier to produce high-strength ferrobiotics. [Industrial applicability] 【0053】 This invention allows the use of bamboo, trees, and their twigs—materials that have not been widely utilized until now—for the production of reducing and combustible gases for steelmaking. With the implementation of regeneration systems such as afforestation, carbon dioxide emissions can be considered zero. Even old steelmaking equipment can be reused by installing new steam injection pipes and water gas collection main pipes in the coke oven and installing burners at the end of the air injection pipes at the bottom of the blast furnace. Even if the coke oven walls are damaged, they can be used as is as combustible gas and combustible gas production equipment because there is no process for pushing out solid material. 【0054】 Traditional steelmaking methods used carbon monoxide generated from coke to reduce iron ore. Hydrogen molecules are smaller than carbon monoxide molecules and can penetrate deep into the small pores within the iron ore. Therefore, using hydrogen results in a faster reduction reaction rate and higher productivity. Since water gas contains a large amount of hydrogen, it improves productivity compared to the coke-based manufacturing method. By replacing a portion of conventional coke with "ferrocoke" (a coke-alternative reducing agent produced by the mixing, molding, and carbonization of general coal and low-grade iron ore), the metallic iron in the ferrocoke acts as a catalyst in the reduction reaction, allowing for a significant reduction in the reducing agent ratio, which contributes to CO2 emission reduction and energy conservation. Since the reduction rate is also high with ferrobiomass, it becomes possible to produce highly productive steel with near-zero carbon dioxide emissions even when using solid biomass. 【0055】 Furthermore, since water gas and hydrogen are burned in the lower part of the blast furnace, the resulting steam reacts with the carbon content in the iron raw material above the middle of the blast furnace to produce water gas. Thus, hydrogen is supplied, and the reduction reaction of iron proceeds even further. [Explanation of Symbols] 【0056】 10 Compressed air 20 High-temperature steam 30 Biomass 40 Water-based gas 50. Water gas obtained by converting CO in water gas to CO2. High-hydrogen gas obtained by separating CO2 from a 60 / 50 water gas. 75 Separated CO2 80 Iron ore and auxiliary raw materials such as limestone and carbon 82 Biosintered ore and ferrobio, which replace carbon content derived from sintered ore, ferrocoke, or coal with carbon content derived from biomass. 85 Molten iron 90 Molten slag 95 Gas from the top of the blast furnace: Blast furnace gas 100 Water gas generator (including equipment for removing impurities from water gas) 200 Shift Reactor 300 CO2 removal equipment 400 A blast furnace that produces steel using the heat of combustion from flammable gases and reducing gases from solid biomass. 500 Processing plants such as converters and rolling mills 600 Iron raw material manufacturing equipment 1000 Steel Products P inside the circle: Pressure pump A water-based gas burner B Hydrogen gas burner

Claims

[Claim 1] A steelmaking method characterized by filling a blast furnace with a mixture of iron ore or sintered ore and ferrocoke, as well as solid biomass with a particle size similar to that of ferrocoke, injecting a large amount of hydrogen-containing combustible gas produced in a separate device from the blast furnace from the bottom of the blast furnace and burning it with a burner to supply the amount of heat necessary for the reduction of the iron ore, and combining this with a system that generates electricity using the blast furnace gas. This is a highly thermally efficient steelmaking method in which, when producing hydrogen-containing combustible gas from biomass, carbon dioxide and other substances are not removed, and the gas is supplied to the blast furnace while maintaining the high temperature at which it was produced. It is also a steelmaking method in which, depending on the pressure during production of the combustible gas, a pump is used to pressurize the gas to facilitate its injection into the blast furnace. [Claim 2] The steelmaking method according to claim 1, which uses a gas with high hydrogen purity obtained by removing carbon dioxide from a gas produced by a water gas generator, or a high concentration of hydrocarbons such as hydrogen or methane produced by a method that is not considered to generate carbon dioxide, in order to ensure stable combustion and maintain high temperature of the burner in the lower part of the blast furnace. [Claim 3] A steelmaking method characterized by filling a blast furnace with a mixture of iron ore, sintered ore, biosintered ore, ferrobiotics, and solid biomass with a particle size similar to that of ferrocoke, injecting a large amount of hydrogen-containing combustible gas produced in a separate device from the blast furnace from the bottom of the blast furnace and burning it with a burner to supply the heat necessary for reducing the iron ore, and combining this with a system that generates electricity using blast furnace gas. This is a highly thermally efficient steelmaking method in which, when producing hydrogen-containing combustible gas from biomass, carbon dioxide and other substances are not removed, and the gas is supplied to the blast furnace while maintaining the high temperature at which it was produced. It is also a steelmaking method in which, depending on the pressure during production of the combustible gas, a pump is used to pressurize the gas to facilitate its injection into the blast furnace. [Claim 4] The steelmaking method according to claim 3, which uses a gas with high hydrogen purity obtained by removing carbon dioxide from a gas produced by a water gas generator, or a high concentration of hydrocarbons such as hydrogen or methane produced by a method that is not considered to generate carbon dioxide, in order to ensure stable combustion and maintain high temperature of the burner in the lower part of the blast furnace.

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