Method and device for charging a blast furnace with a burden

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for charging a blast furnace with a burden which is composed of different burden materials, each of which is present as bulk material. According to the invention, a final composition of the burden materials in which the burden is introduced into the blast furnace is estimated continuously and depending on time, and a discharge position at which the burden is discharged in a shaft of the blast furnace is set depending on the estimated final composition. The discharge position is expediently set depending on the estimated final composition in such a way that wear of copper staves of the blast furnace is kept low, wherein the burden is preferably introduced into the blast furnace in such a way that only or predominantly those burden materials which inhibit the wear, in particular chemical, thermal and / or abrasive wear, of the copper staves come into contact with the copper staves. The invention also relates to a device for charging a blast furnace with a burden.

Description

[0001] Description:

[0002] Method and apparatus for charging a blast furnace with burden

[0003] The invention relates to a method for charging a blast furnace with burden material, which is composed of various burden materials, each in bulk form.

[0004] Such a process is known through use. Various materials, present as bulk material and together forming the burden, are successively fed from several so-called bunkers onto a conveyor belt at different points and transported by the conveyor belt into a charging bunker. The burden is then distributed from the charging bunker into the blast furnace shaft by means of a rotary chute. It is generally assumed that the burden, which is gradually discharged into the blast furnace, has a uniform composition.

[0005] The invention is based on the objective of improving the charging of the blast furnace.

[0006] According to the invention, this problem is solved by continuously estimating the final composition of the burden materials in which the burden is fed into the blast furnace as a function of time, and by setting a discharge position at which the burden is discharged into a shaft of the blast furnace as a function of the estimated final composition.

[0007] The inventors recognized that the distribution of the various burden materials, in particular sinter, lump ore, coke, small coke, coarse iron, additives and / or gravel, plays an important role during discharge in the blast furnace shaft, and that differences in the burden composition only affect the blast furnace process with regard to the absolute quantities of the burden materials with which the blast furnace is charged. Advantageously, thanks to the invention, it becomes possible to take the composition of the burden into account when charging the blast furnace and to position the various burden materials in a targeted manner within the blast furnace.

[0008] Estimating the final composition allows consideration of the metallurgical properties (e.g., basicity) and physical properties of the burden discharged into the blast furnace shaft (e.g., its permeability or the degree of voids resulting from the burden).

[0009] In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the discharge position is adjusted depending on the estimated final composition such that wear of the blast furnace copper bars is minimized. Advantageously, the burden is fed into the blast furnace in such a way that only or primarily those burden materials come into contact with the cooling copper bars which inhibit wear of the copper bars, in particular chemical, thermal, and / or abrasive wear. Preferably, these latter burden materials are specifically positioned at the edge of the blast furnace shaft.

[0010] Advantageously, the burden, which has a final composition that promotes wear, is placed in the blast furnace in such a way that reactions associated with the discharge of the burden in the blast furnace have no or only a minor effect on the wear of the copper bars.

[0011] In one embodiment of the invention, the discharge position is set by means of a device for distributing the burden in the shaft of the blast furnace, preferably a rotary chute.

[0012] In a further embodiment of the invention, the conveying rate of each of the burden materials is continuously estimated and / or simulated separately for each of the burden materials as a function of time, preferably using a computer-aided model.

[0013] Advantageously, to estimate the final composition, the quantity and / or period of time in which each of the burden materials is fed onto a device for conveying the burden materials, preferably a conveyor belt, to the blast furnace is continuously estimated and / or simulated separately for each of the burden materials as a function of time.

[0014] In one embodiment of the invention, the throughput of the respective burden materials to the device for conveying the burden materials to the blast furnace, preferably the conveyor belt, is continuously estimated and / or, preferably by means of a computer-aided model, simulated to estimate the conveying capacity.

[0015] To estimate the respective throughput, it is advantageous to simulate, preferably using a computer-aided model, how the respective material behaves when discharged from a material container, preferably taking into account the duration of a discharge of a batch of the respective material.

[0016] In a further embodiment of the invention, in particular for estimating the conveying capacity, a speed at which the conveying device transports the bulk materials and / or a position at which the respective bulk material is placed on the conveying device is taken into account.

[0017] It is advantageous to consider condition information about the equipment of a device for charging a blast furnace, in particular at least one container and / or at least one device for conveying the charge materials, and / or measurement data relating to the conveying capacity and / or the throughput, for the purpose of estimation.

[0018] In a further development of the invention, the discharge, in particular the discharge rate, of the respective burden material from the respective burden material container is controlled separately to adjust the final composition. Advantageously, it becomes possible not only to react to the respective final composition to be discharged by adjusting the discharge position, but also to directly influence the final composition. This allows for better and more precise control over the blast furnace process.

[0019] Advantageously, the feed rate of the bulk material from the respective bulk material container is controlled separately to adjust the final composition. Preferably, the feed rate of the respective bulk material, in particular the feed rate, is controlled to adjust the final composition.

[0020] In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the final composition in which the burden is fed into the shaft of the blast furnace is estimated by means of a suitable data processing program that uses a computer-aided model which simulates the processes occurring during the charging of the blast furnace. Advantageously, status information about the components of a device for charging a blast furnace and / or measurement data relating to the conveying rate and / or the throughput are used for this purpose.

[0021] The use of a computer-aided model to simulate the processes involved in charging the blast furnace, particularly the discharge from the charge containers and / or the conveying to the blast furnace and / or into the blast furnace shaft, has proven advantageous because direct process control based on measurement data and / or condition information is problematic. For example, the charge materials do not always behave uniformly during conveying for various reasons, such as changing environmental conditions that cause the charge materials to freeze, exhibit different moisture levels, or due to inconsistent behavior of the conveying equipment and / or the charge containers or their components. Such inconsistent behavior can occur, for instance, when the conveying equipment, charge containers, or their components are subject to wear.

[0022] In a further embodiment of the invention, the charging device for estimating the final composition in which the burden is fed into the shaft of the blast furnace comprises a data processing device equipped with a suitable data processing program that uses a computer-aided model which replicates processes occurring during the charging of the blast furnace, in particular using state information about devices of a device for charging a blast furnace and / or using measurement data relating to the conveying capacity and / or the throughput.

[0023] Advantageously, the feeding device has a device for controlling the discharge rate of the bulk material from the respective bulk material container and / or for conveying the respective bulk material, in particular the conveying speed.

[0024] The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to an exemplary embodiment and the accompanying drawings relating to that embodiment.

[0025] Figure 1 shows a blast furnace 2 and a charging device 1 according to the invention. The charging device 1 comprises several containers 3, each containing different charge materials from which charge material is assembled and transported to the blast furnace 2 by means of a conveying device 4. The different charge materials, in particular sinter, lump ore, coke, small coke, coarse iron, additives and / or gravel, are arranged separately from one another in the containers 3.

[0026] The bulk materials are fed from the containers 3 onto a first conveyor belt 5 by opening the containers 3 each by means of a control 6, possibly for a certain period of time, and the respective bulk material falls from the respective container 3 onto the conveyor belt 5.

[0027] The burden materials are transported via a second conveyor belt 7 to bunkers 8 located above blast furnace 2. From there, the burden materials are distributed into the shaft 10 of blast furnace 2 by means of a rotary chute 9.

[0028] The feeding device 1 comprises a computer 1 1 on which a computer program runs that simulates, by means of a computer-aided model, the final composition of the burden, composed of the various burden materials, when fed into the blast furnace shaft 10. The simulation takes into account how long the containers 3 are open and during what period of time, the position of each container 3 above the conveyor belt, and the speed at which the conveyor belt 5 moves.

[0029] From this, it can be deduced what the final composition of the burden will be after further transport via conveyor belt 5, through the bunkers 8 and towards the rotary chute 9, particularly taking into account the respective transport speed on conveyor belt 7 and through the bunkers 8 and towards and through the rotary chute 9 into the blast furnace shaft 10. Depending on the estimated final composition of the burden, the rotary chute 9 is positioned in the blast furnace shaft 10 to influence the blast furnace process. For example, the burden is fed into the blast furnace shaft 10 in such a way that only or primarily those components of the burden come into contact with the copper bars (not shown in Fig. 1) used for cooling the blast furnace shaft 10, which inhibit the wear of the copper bars, particularly chemical, thermal and / or abrasive wear.If the final composition contains such wear-promoting burden materials, the burden is positioned at a specific distance from the edge of the blast furnace shaft, where the copper bars are arranged, by means of the rotary chute 9.

[0030] The control unit 6 can be used to control the discharge speed of the containers 3 and the opening period of the bunkers 8. Furthermore, the control unit 6 is configured to control the orientation of the rotating chute 9.

[0031] Furthermore, the discharge of the respective bulk material from the respective bulk material container can be controlled separately using control unit 6 to adjust the final composition, for example by opening the bulk material container and closing it again after a predetermined period. This makes it possible to directly influence the final composition.

Claims

1. Method for charging a blast furnace with burden material composed of various burden materials, each in bulk form, characterized in that a final composition of the burden materials in which the burden is fed into the blast furnace is continuously estimated as a function of time, and a discharge position at which the burden is discharged into a shaft of the blast furnace is set as a function of the estimated final composition.

2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the discharge position is adjusted depending on the estimated final composition in such a way that wear of the copper bars of the blast furnace is kept to a minimum, wherein preferably the burden is fed into the blast furnace in such a way that only or primarily those of the burden materials come into contact with the copper bars which inhibit the, in particular chemical, thermal and / or abrasive, wear of the copper bars.

3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the discharge position is set by means of a device for distributing the burden in the shaft of the blast furnace, preferably a rotary chute.

4. Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, in order to estimate the final composition, the conveying rate of each of the burden materials is continuously estimated and / or simulated separately over time, preferably using a computer-aided model, to determine the conveying rate of the respective burden material to the blast furnace.

5. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, that, in order to estimate the final composition, the quantity and / or period in which each of the burden materials is fed to a device for conveying the burden materials, preferably a conveyor belt, to the blast furnace is continuously estimated and / or simulated separately for each of the burden materials as a function of time.

6. Method according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, in order to estimate the conveying capacity, the throughput of the respective burden materials is continuously estimated and / or, preferably by means of a computer-aided model, simulated.

7. Method according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, to estimate the respective throughput, preferably by means of a computer-aided model, it is simulated how the respective bulk material behaves when discharged from a bulk material container, preferably taking into account the duration of a discharge of a batch of the respective bulk material.

8. Method according to one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that, in particular for estimating the conveying capacity, a speed at which the conveying device transports the bulk materials and / or a position at which the respective bulk material is placed on the conveying device is taken into account.

9. Method according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, for the purpose of estimation, status information about the facilities of a device for charging a blast furnace, in particular at least one container and / or at least one device for conveying the charge materials, and / or measurement data relating to the conveying capacity and / or the throughput are taken into account.

10. Method according to one of claims 5 or 6, characterized in that, for adjusting the final composition, a discharge, in particular a discharge rate, of the respective bulk material from the respective bulk material container is controlled separately. 1 1 . Method according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the conveyance of the respective bulking agent, in particular the conveyance speed, is controlled to adjust the final composition.

12. Method according to one of claims 1 to 1 1 , characterized in that the final composition in which the burden is fed into the shaft of the blast furnace is estimated by means of a suitable data processing program which uses a computer-aided model which replicates processes taking place for charging the blast furnace, in particular using state information about devices of a device for charging a blast furnace and / or using measurement data relating to the conveying capacity and / or the throughput.

13. Device for charging a blast furnace with burden material, which is formed from various burden materials, each in bulk form, characterized in that the charging device is designed to continuously estimate a final composition of the burden materials in which the burden is fed into the blast furnace as a function of time and to set a discharge position within the blast furnace, at which the burden is discharged into a shaft of the blast furnace, as a function of the estimated final composition.

14. Device according to claim 13, characterized in that the feeding device for estimating the final composition in which the burden is fed into the shaft of the blast furnace comprises a data processing device which is connected to is equipped with a suitable data processing program that uses a computer-aided model which replicates processes taking place for charging the blast furnace, in particular using state information about the equipment of a device for charging a blast furnace and / or using measurement data relating to the conveying capacity and / or the throughput.

15. Device according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the feeding device for adjusting the discharge position comprises a It features a rotating chute.

Images