Waveguide combiner without rainbow

Abstract

A waveguide display without rainbows, a near-eye display incorporating a waveguide without rainbows, and a method for manufacturing a waveguide without rainbows are provided. [Solution] The display has a length (L Eyebox The waveguide display includes an eyebox plane having θ and is configured to direct image light towards the user's eye. The waveguide display includes a waveguide combiner and an output coupler grid, the output coupler grid is configured to direct all incident angles θ of light from an external light source. in However, the diffraction angle θ avoids the user's eyes. out Lattice period Λ that produces OC It has.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The embodiments described herein generally relate to near-eye display systems, and more particularly to near-eye display systems with reduced rainbow artifacts, and to methods for forming such near-eye display systems. [Background technology]

[0002] Virtual reality (VR) is generally considered to be a computer-generated simulated environment in which the user has an apparent physical presence. Virtual reality experiences can be viewed using a head-mounted display (HMD), such as glasses or other wearable display devices, which have a near-eye display panel as a lens for displaying a virtual reality environment that is generated in 3D and replaces the real environment.

[0003] However, augmented reality (AR) enables users to still view their surroundings through the display lenses of glasses or other HMD devices, and also to see images of virtual objects that are generated for display and appear as part of that environment. AR can include any type of input, such as audio and haptic input, as well as virtual images, graphics, and video, to enhance or extend the environment the user experiences. As a new technology, augmented reality has many challenges and design limitations.

[0004] Conventional diffraction-based near-eye display systems have a drawback: external light source diffraction, such as the rainbow artifact, which causes the appearance of rainbow streaks of light in the user's field of view (FoV). This rainbow artifact is an unwanted diffraction for the user experience in AR display systems.

[0005] Therefore, what is needed in this field is a near-eye display system with reduced rainbow artifacts. [Overview of the project]

[0006] Embodiments described herein generally relate to near-eye display systems, and more particularly to near-eye display systems with reduced rainbow artifacts, and methods for forming such near-eye display systems.

[0007] In one embodiment, a method for manufacturing a rainbow-free waveguide display is provided. This method involves length (L Eyebox The invention includes manufacturing a waveguide display assembly configured to direct image light to the user's eye and to an eyebox plane having θ. The waveguide display assembly includes a waveguide combiner and an output coupler grid. The output coupler grid is configured to direct image light to the user's eye at all incident angles θ from an external light source. in However, the following first-order diffraction equation (I) The diffraction angle θ avoids the user's eyes by satisfying TIFF2026102556000002.tif9170. out Lattice period Λ that produces OC It has such that λ is the wavelength of light from an external light source.

[0008] In another embodiment, a waveguide display is provided. This waveguide display has a length (L Eyebox The waveguide display is configured to direct image light towards the user's eye and onto an eyebox plane having θ. The waveguide display includes a waveguide combiner and an output coupler grid. The output coupler grid is configured to direct image light towards the user's eye at all incident angles θ of light from an external light source. in However, the following first-order diffraction equation (I) The diffraction angle θ avoids the user's eyes by satisfying TIFF2026102556000003.tif11170. out Lattice period Λ that produces OC It has such that λ is the wavelength of light from an external light source.

[0009] In another aspect, a near-eye display is provided. The near-eye display includes a frame and a display. The display includes a waveguide display configured to direct image light onto an eyebox plane having a length (L Eyebox ) and toward a user's eye. The waveguide display includes a waveguide combiner and an output coupler grating, and the output coupler grating has a grating period Λ in such that all angles of incidence θ of light from an external light source result in a diffraction angle θ out that avoids the user's eye by satisfying the following first-order diffraction type (I) OC where λ is the wavelength of light from the external light source.

[0010] In another aspect, a non-transitory computer-readable medium has instructions stored thereon that, when executed by a processor, cause the process to perform the operations of the above-described apparatus and / or method.

[0011] For a better understanding of the features set forth above in this disclosure, a more detailed description of the embodiments briefly summarized above may be made by reference to the embodiments shown in part in the accompanying drawings. However, it should be noted that the present disclosure may admit of other equally effective embodiments, and the accompanying drawings show only general embodiments of the present disclosure and should not be regarded as limiting its scope.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0012] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a near-eye display system according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the near-eye display system of FIG. 1 according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a waveguide display according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 4A]A K-space diagram of a lattice vector architecture according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 4B] A K-space diagram of the lattice vector architecture of FIG. 4A, including the path of rainbow artifact light. [Figure 5] A flowchart of a method for determining system design parameters for a rainbow-free near-eye display system according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 6] A diagram showing various design parameters used in the method shown by the flowchart of FIG. 5 according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 7] A diagram showing various design parameters used in the method shown by the flowchart of FIG. 5 according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 8] A diagram showing various design parameters used in the method shown by the flowchart of FIG. 5 according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 9] A plot diagram showing the maximum viewing angle (°) versus the substrate refractive index according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

[0013] For ease of understanding, the same reference numbers are used to designate the same elements common to the figures, where possible. It is contemplated that elements and features of one embodiment may be beneficially incorporated into other embodiments without further elaboration.

[0014] The following disclosure generally describes display systems for virtual and augmented reality. Some details are described in the following description and Figures 1-9 to provide a complete understanding of the various embodiments of this disclosure. Other details describing well-known structures and systems often associated with display systems for virtual and augmented reality are not included in the following disclosure to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the description of the various embodiments.

[0015] Many of the details, dimensions, angles, and other features shown in the figures are merely illustrative of a particular embodiment. Therefore, other embodiments may have other details, components, dimensions, angles, and features without departing from the spirit or scope of this disclosure. Furthermore, further embodiments of this disclosure may be practiced without some of the details described below.

[0016] The embodiments described herein generally relate to near-eye display systems, and more particularly to near-eye display systems with reduced rainbow artifacts, and to methods for forming such near-eye display systems. Near-eye display systems utilize a diffraction waveguide combiner layer designed to prevent light sources from the outside from diffracting and entering the user's eye (commonly referred to as rainbow artifacts). A set of relationships and constraints relating to the waveguide combiner and optical system design are provided to ensure that rainbow artifacts cannot reach the user's eye under normal operation.

[0017] Conventional diffraction-based near-eye displays are affected by external light source diffraction (rainbow artifact), causing the appearance of rainbow streaks of light within the user's field of view. Such external light sources include indoor light and sunlight. This rainbow artifact is an unwanted distraction to the user experience in augmented reality display systems.

[0018] Current near-eye display designs either coexist with the problem, mitigate it with complex lattice structures, use external films to mitigate the problem, or use mechanical features such as visors to block undesirable light paths. In contrast, in some embodiments of this disclosure, rainbow artifacts are eliminated by utilizing output coupler lattice periods that do not allow diffracted orders from an external light source to reach the user's eye.

[0019] By utilizing the design relationships and constraints outlined herein, the display systems described herein are unaffected by external light source diffraction ("rainbow" artifacts) within the user's field of view. Unlike other techniques for mitigating this artifact, some embodiments described herein do not use external devices or layers to filter light from sources around the world that enter the waveguide combiner. Furthermore, some embodiments described herein do not use mechanical shielding, such as visors, that extend beyond the plane of the waveguide combiner to prevent optical paths that generate "rainbow" artifacts from striking the waveguide combiner.

[0020] The appearance of rainbow artifacts depends on the spectrum of the light source that produces the rainbow artifacts, as well as the position of the user's pupil. To provide a quantitative definition without "rainbow," a minimum wavelength of 450 nm is used for the source spectrum, and it is assumed that the user's pupil is located at the nominal eye position (center) on the designed eyebox plane in the intended eye relief of the waveguide combiner display system. In this definition, the only possible rainbow artifacts that may be visible in some cases would be extremely blue / violet (due to the 450 nm cutoff in the assumption) and would be located over a small angular range near the edge of the output coupling grating region.

[0021] Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a near-eye display system 100 according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. The near-eye display system 100 can present media to the user. Examples of media presented by the near-eye display system 100 may include one or more images, videos, and / or audio. In one embodiment, which may be combined with other embodiments, audio may be presented via an external device (e.g., a speaker and / or headphones) which receives audio information from the near-eye display system 100, a console, or both, and presents audio data based on that audio information. The near-eye display 100 is generally configured to operate as an artificial reality display. In one embodiment, which may be combined with other embodiments, the near-eye display system 100 may operate as an augmented reality (AR) display.

[0022] The near-eye display system 100 may include a frame 110 and a display 120. The frame 110 may be coupled to one or more optical elements. The display 120 may be configured for the user to view content presented by the near-eye display system 100. In one embodiment, which may be combined with other embodiments, the display 120 may include a waveguide display assembly for directing light from one or more images towards the user's eye.

[0023] Figure 2 shows a cross-sectional view of the near-eye display system 100 of Figure 1 according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. The near-eye display system 100 may include at least one waveguide display assembly 210. The waveguide display assembly 210 is configured to direct image light, such as display light, to an eyebox plane 220 that defines an eyebox plane, and then to the user's eye 230. The waveguide display assembly 210 may include one or more materials having one or more refractive indices. In one embodiment, which may be combined with other embodiments, the near-eye display system 100 may include one or more optical elements between the waveguide display assembly 210 and the user's eye 230.

[0024] Figure 3 shows a cross-sectional view of a waveguide display 300 according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 3 shows a rainbow artifact in the waveguide display 300. The waveguide display 300 includes a waveguide display assembly 310. The waveguide display assembly 310 includes a waveguide combiner 320 and an output coupler grid 330. The waveguide display 300 may further include a projector 340. Display light from the projector 340 is coupled to the waveguide combiner 320 and then partially coupled from the waveguide combiner 320 at different locations by the output coupler grid 330 to reach the waveguide, the user's eye 230. External light 352 from an external light source 350, for example, the sun or a lamp, is also diffracted by the output coupler grid 330 and enters the waveguide combiner 320, and then propagates through the waveguide combiner 320 to reach the user's eye 230. This external light 352 may indicate the presence of a rainbow artifact.

[0025] Referring to Figure 3, the general principle followed to guarantee a "rainbow"-free system is that external light from the outside world, for example, external light 352 from an external light source 350 incident on the output coupler grating 330 at any angle in front of the user's eye 230, is not allowed to diffract from the output coupler grating 330 and enter the user's eye 230. A limited example of this artifact is short-wavelength light incident on a large-period grating. This can be understood by looking at the first-order diffraction equation (I). TIFF2026102556000005.tif9170

[0026] In the above equation, θ out θ is the angle of the light 354 diffracted by the output coupler grating 330. in λ is the angle of light 352 incident on the output coupler grating 330, λ is the wavelength of light 354, and Λ OC This is the period of the output coupler grid 330. The wavelength λ becomes shorter, or the grid period Λ OC As the length increases, θ out is θ in The diffracted light 354 is therefore closer to the center of the user's field of view. However, the output coupler grating 330 is not affected by all incident angles θ. in The diffraction angle θ avoids the user's eye 230. out A lattice period Λ is small enough to produce this. OC If designed to have this feature, the Rainbow Artifact will not be visible to the user.

[0027] Furthermore, it is desirable to enable a large field of view (FoV) and eyebox plane 220 for the virtual content, while also eliminating "rainbow" artifacts. The maximum FoV of the system can be determined by the substrate index. Conversely, the minimum substrate index required for the waveguide combiner 320 can be determined from the requirements regarding the FoV.

[0028] Effective output coupler grid period

[0029] Figure 4A shows the K-space diagram 410 of the lattice vector architecture. Figure 4B shows the K-space diagram 420 of the lattice vector architecture of Figure 4A, including the path of rainbow artifact light. The effective power coupler lattice period is a parameter used when designing a waveguide combiner without "rainbow" artifacts. The effective power coupler lattice period is defined as the maximum effective period of all possible diffraction orders that can generate rainbow artifacts in the output coupling region of the waveguide combiner. The effective power coupler lattice period is easily defined for a waveguide combiner lattice architecture with a single one-dimensional lattice in the output coupling region, in this case Λ OCEff =Λ OC However, in more complex waveguide combiner lattice architectures, there may be two-dimensional lattices or two one-dimensional lattices with different orientations on each surface of the waveguide combiner, which can result in more complex paths for rainbow artifacts. In these cases, light can diffract from an external light source through different lattice vectors to internal total internal reflection (TIR), and then diffract from TIR. The sum of these two diffraction events may be a k-vector with a magnitude shorter than either of the original lattice vectors. An example of such a lattice vector architecture is shown in Figures 4A and 4B. K-space diagram 410 shows the path of the virtual FoV, which is the intended image path. K-space diagram 420 shows the path of external light diffraction, which is the undesirable rainbow path. Next is the effective output coupler lattice period Λ OCEff To determine the required periodicity of other lattices in the system, the minimum effective lattice vector identified for a particular lattice architecture may be used.

[0030] "Effective" output coupler lattice period Λ OCEff One example is the following: There is a rainbow path that can produce a rainbow artifact that is generated from a combination of two different physical grids but has an output angle that follows a single "effective" grid period.

[0031] If there are two or more output coupler lattice vectors, we should look for a combination (sum) of lattice vectors, which is Λ OCeff To find it, we implicitly create lattice vectors of smaller magnitude.

[0032] For example, regarding two 1D output coupler grids,

[0033] TIFF2026102556000006.tif11170

[0034] TIFF2026102556000007.tif11170

[0035] TIFF2026102556000008.tif7170

[0036] TIFF2026102556000009.tif7170 and If the filename is TIFF2026102556000010.tif7170

[0037] TIFF2026102556000011.tif13170

[0038] In the above equation, TIFF2026102556000012.tif6170 is the periodic vector of the first 1D output coupler, TIFF2026102556000013.tif6170 is the periodic vector of the second 1D output coupler, TIFF2026102556000014.tif7170 is the grid vector of the first 1D output coupler, TIFF2026102556000015.tif7170 is the grid vector of the second 1D output coupler, TIFF2026102556000016.tif7170 is the effective grid vector of the output coupler combination, TIFF2026102556000017.tif7170 is the effective output coupler periodicity vector, and λ is the wavelength of light that will be canceled out in this calculation.

[0039] An example of this type of multi-output coupler grid configuration is illustrated in Figures 4A and 4B.

[0040] There are various options for the number of waveguide combiner layers used in a "rainbow"-less system. In a single waveguide layer, three display channels (red, green, and blue) propagate through the same layer, diffract from the same lattice structure, and send a virtual image to the user's eye. In a three-waveguide layer system, each waveguide layer may be designed to support only a single display color channel. Generally, a three-waveguide layer system is designed to support only red wavelengths (600-650 nm), instead of requiring a dedicated red layer to also include shorter blue wavelengths (430-470 nm), resulting in a larger effective power coupler lattice period Λ than a single waveguide layer system. OCEff Use it.

[0041] Maximum allowable effective power coupler lattice period Λ OCEff A "rainbow"-free embodiment of a multilayer waveguide combiner can be made, provided that the requirements for rainbows are maintained for all layers in the system. The advantage of using multiple waveguide layers is that, despite the grid period being limited by the "rainbow"-free constraint, the grid structure can be optimized for the intended display color channels that the grid structure is designed to support, which can result in improved color uniformity, luminance uniformity, and efficiency compared to a single-layer embodiment.

[0042] Number of waveguide combiner layers

[0043] There are various options for the number of waveguide combiner layers used in a "rainbow"-less system. In a single waveguide layer, three display channels (red, green, and blue) propagate through the same layer, diffract from the same lattice structure, and send a virtual image to the user's eye. In a three-waveguide layer system, each waveguide layer may be designed to support only a single display color channel. Generally, a three-waveguide layer system is designed to support only red wavelengths (600-650 nm), instead of requiring a dedicated red layer to also include shorter blue wavelengths (430-470 nm), resulting in a larger effective power coupler lattice period Λ than a single waveguide layer system. OCEff Use it.

[0044] Maximum allowable effective power coupler lattice period Λ OCEff A "rainbow"-free embodiment of a multilayer waveguide combiner can be made, provided that the requirements for rainbows are maintained for all layers in the system. One advantage of using multiple waveguide layers is that, despite the grid period being limited by the "rainbow"-free constraint, the grid structure can be optimized for the intended display color channels that the grid structure is designed to support, which can result in improved color uniformity, luminance uniformity, and efficiency compared to a single-layer embodiment.

[0045] Figure 5 shows a flowchart of Method 500 for determining system design parameters for a non-rainbow waveguide assembly and / or near-eye display system. Method 500 is described in conjunction with Figures 6 to 8. Figure 6 shows various design parameters 600 used in Method 500 as shown by the flowchart in Figure 5. Figure 7 shows various design parameters used in the method as shown by the flowchart in Figure 5. Figure 8 shows various design parameters used in the method as shown by the flowchart in Figure 5.

[0046] In step 510 of Method 500, the target FoV is determined. In step 520 of Method 500, the eyebox dimensions are determined. In step 530 of Method 500, the waveguide slope is determined. The target FoV, eyebox dimensions, and waveguide slope are used as inputs to calculate the output coupler grid dimensions in step 540, the maximum angle from the output coupler grid to the eye in step 550, the minimum grid vector (maximum period) of the output coupler grid required to avoid the rainbow effect in step 560, and the minimum substrate ratio required to support the target FoV in step 570.

[0047] Figure 6 shows the various design parameters 600 used in method 500, as shown by the flowchart in Figure 5. Field of view θ FoV This can be considered the axis of FoV in the direction of the effective output coupler grid vector, which can be tilted by a quantity θ0. Furthermore, the tilt (θ) of the waveguide combiner 320 with respect to the eyebox plane 220. tilt )610 is assumed to be aligned with the axis of the effective output coupler grid vector. L Eyebox 620 is the length of the eyebox plane 220, z eye 630 is the eye relief distance from the eyebox plane 220 to the waveguide combiner 320.

[0048] Figure 7 shows the various design parameters 700 used in Method 500 to calculate the dimensions of the output coupler grid in step 540. The length of the output coupler grid is determined using the target FoV provided in step 510, the eyebox dimensions provided in step 520, and the waveguide slope provided in step 530. First, the size of the output coupler to support the eyebox and target FoV is calculated using equations (II) and (III) as shown in Figure 7.

[0049] In equation (II), TIFF2026102556000018.tif7170 is the length of the upper half of the output coupler grid region. TIFF2026102556000019.tif13170

[0050] In equation (III), TIFF2026102556000020.tif5170 represents the length of the lower half of the output coupler grid region. TIFF2026102556000021.tif13170

[0051] Figure 8 shows the maximum angle from the output coupler to the eye in step 550. TIFF2026102556000022.tif7170810 and The various design parameters 800 used in method 500 to calculate TIFF2026102556000023.tif5170820 are shown. In step 550, the maximum angle (θ) from the boundary of the output coupler grid to the user's eye is calculated. outmax ) is calculated using equations (IV), (V), and (VI). TIFF2026102556000024.tif14170TIFF2026102556000025.tif13170TIFF2026102556000026.tif7170

[0052] In typical system design, TIFF2026102556000027.tif5170 is, in general, a limited case.

[0053] In step 560, the minimum lattice vector (maximum period) required to avoid the "rainbow" artifact is calculated using diffraction equation (VII). From diffraction equation (VII), the effective power coupler lattice period can be related to the maximum power angle calculated in step 550 using equation (VI). TIFF2026102556000028.tif9170

[0054] In the above equation, λ0 is the shortest wavelength of the “rainbow” artifact being considered. In some embodiments, which may be combined with other embodiments, it is assumed that λ0 = 450 nm.

[0055] In step 570, the minimum refractive index (n) of the substrate, e.g., waveguide combiner 320, is calculated to support the target FoV. The refractive index (n) of the substrate, e.g., waveguide combiner 320, should be large enough to allow the entire target virtual FoV to propagate in TIR. A limited example here is the red-displayed channel FoV at the longest wavelength. The minimum refractive index (n) of the substrate is calculated using equation (VIII). TIFF2026102556000029.tif9170

[0056] In the above equation, n is the refractive index of the waveguide combiner substrate, and λ R is the wavelength of the red display channel (assuming it is 620 nm in this example).

[0057] example:

[0058] The following non-limiting examples are provided to further illustrate the embodiments described herein. However, the examples are not exhaustive and do not limit the scope of the embodiments described herein.

[0059] Table I below shows some exemplary system design parameters that would result in a "rainbow-free" system using the formula shown above. TIFF2026102556000030.tif120170

[0060] Figure 9 shows plot 900 representing the maximum field of view (°) versus the substrate refractive index according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. Plot 900 shows the maximum “rainbow”-free virtual FoV supported by the substrate refractive index for a 15 mm eyebox at a 20 mm eye relief. Line 910 represents a 0 FoV slope, 0 layer slope; line 920 represents a 10 FoV slope, 0 layer slope; line 930 represents a 0 FoV slope, 10 layer slope; and line 940 represents a 10 FoV slope, 10 layer slope.

[0061] In some embodiments, which may be combined with other embodiments, high refractive index substrate materials are used to maximize the field of view and maintain the ability to design a "rainbow-free" system. Examples of these high refractive index substrate materials include, but are not limited to, high refractive index glass, as well as transparent crystalline materials (such as SiC, LiNbO3, LiTaO3, and KTaO3), which are good candidates for substrates to be used in "rainbow-free" diffraction waveguide combiner augmented reality display systems.

[0062] Embodiments may include one or more of the following potential advantages. By utilizing the design relationships and constraints outlined herein, the display systems described herein are free from the drawback of external light source diffraction ("rainbow" artifact) in the user's field of view. Unlike other techniques for mitigating this artifact, some embodiments described herein do not use external devices or layers to filter the light from the source in the world that is incident on the waveguide combiner. Furthermore, some embodiments described herein do not use mechanical shielding, such as a visor, that extends beyond the plane of the waveguide combiner to prevent the optical path that generates the "rainbow" artifact from hitting the waveguide combiner.

[0063] All embodiments and functional processes described herein may be implemented in digital electronic circuits, or in computer software, firmware, or hardware, or in combination thereof, including the structural means and structural equivalents disclosed herein. Embodiments described herein may be implemented as one or more computer programs tangibly embodied in a data processing device, such as a programmable processor, a computer, or one or more non-temporary computer program products for execution by or control of the operation thereof by multiple processors or computers, i.e., a machine-readable storage device.

[0064] The processes and logic flows described herein may be implemented by one or more programmable processors that execute one or more computer programs to perform their functions by acting on input data and generating outputs. The processes and logic flows may also be implemented by dedicated logic circuits, such as FPGAs (Field-Programmable Gate Arrays) or ASICs (Application-Specific Integrated Circuits), and the devices may also be implemented as dedicated logic circuits.

[0065] The term "data processing device" encompasses all devices, machines, and equipment for processing data, including, for example, programmable processors, computers, or multiple processors or computers. In addition to hardware, a device may include code that creates an execution environment for the computer program in question, such as processor firmware, protocol stacks, database management systems, operating systems, or code comprising one or more of these. Processors suitable for executing computer programs include, for example, both general-purpose and dedicated microprocessors, and any one or more processors of any type of digital computer.

[0066] Computer-readable media suitable for storing computer program instructions and data include, as an example, non-volatile memory, media and memory devices, such as semiconductor memory devices, e.g., EPROM, EEPROM, and flash memory devices; magnetic disks, such as internal hard disks or removable disks; magneto-optical disks; and CD-ROM and DVD-ROM disks in all forms. Processors and memory may be supplemented by or incorporated into dedicated logic circuits.

[0067] When describing elements of this disclosure or its exemplary embodiments or (one or more) embodiments, the articles "a," "an," "the," and "said" shall mean that there is one or more of the elements.

[0068] The terms "comprising," "including," and "having" are comprehensive and mean that there may be additional elements other than those listed.

[0069] The foregoing applies to embodiments of the present disclosure, but other and further embodiments of the present disclosure may be devised without departing from its basic scope, the scope of which is determined by the following claims.

Claims

1. A method for manufacturing a waveguide display without rainbows, Length (L) Ｅｙｅｂｏｘ The invention relates to manufacturing a waveguide display assembly configured to direct image light towards the user's eye, wherein the waveguide display assembly is configured to have an eyebox plane having ), Waveguide combiner, Output coupler grid and The output coupler grid is equipped with all incident angles θ of light from an external light source. ｉｎ However, the following first-order diffraction equation (I) The diffraction angle θ that avoids the user's eyes by satisfying the conditions. ｏｕｔ Lattice period Λ that produces ＯＣ It has such that λ is the wavelength of the light from the external light source, Manufacturing waveguide display assemblies Methods that include...

2. The length of the upper half of the output coupler grid is ) and the length of the lower half of the output coupler grid ( The length (L) is the sum of the two values. ＯＣ The method according to claim 1, having ).

3. is the following formula (II) Determined using, However, the following equation (III) determined using, field of view θ ＦｏＶ is the axis of the FoV in the direction of the effective output coupler lattice vector that can be tilted by an amount (θ ０ ), and (θ ｔｉｌｔ ) is the tilt of the waveguide combiner with respect to the plane defined by the eyebox plane, and the waveguide combiner is at a first distance z ｅｙｅ from the eyebox plane. The method according to claim 2.

4. The maximum angle (θ) from the boundary of the output coupler grid to the user's eye. ｏｕｔｍａｘ ) is equation (IV), equation (V), and equation (VI) The method according to claim 3, determined using

5. The output coupler grid is given by the following equation (VII) It has the maximum period satisfying λ ０ The method according to claim 4, wherein the shortest wavelength of the “rainbow” artifact considered is the shortest wavelength.

6. λ ０ The method according to claim 5, wherein the wavelength is 450 nm.

7. The waveguide combiner is given by the following equation (VIII) It has the minimum refractive index (n) that satisfies λ Ｒ The method according to claim 5, wherein the wavelength is that of the red display channel.

8. λ Ｒ The method according to claim 7, wherein the wavelength is 620 nm.

9. Waveguide display, Length (L) Ｅｙｅｂｏｘ The waveguide display includes an eyebox plane having ) and is configured to direct image light towards the user's eye, and the waveguide display is, Waveguide combiner, Output coupler grid and The output coupler grid is equipped with all incident angles θ of light from an external light source. ｉｎ However, the following first-order diffraction equation (I) The diffraction angle θ that avoids the user's eyes by satisfying the conditions. ｏｕｔ Lattice period Λ that produces ＯＣ A waveguide display having λ being the wavelength of the light from the external light source.

10. The length of the upper half of the output coupler grid is ) and the length of the lower half of the output coupler grid ( The length (L) is the sum of the two values. ＯＣ A waveguide display according to claim 9, having )

11. is the following formula (II) Determined using, However, the following equation (III) Determined using the field of view θ ＦｏＶ However, a certain quantity (θ ０ The axis of FoV in the direction of the effective output coupler lattice vector is such that it can be tilted by (θ). ｔｉｌｔ ) is the inclination of the waveguide combiner with respect to the plane defined by the eyebox plane, and the waveguide combiner is at a first distance z from the eyebox plane. ｅｙｅ A waveguide display according to claim 10, arranged in the specified location.

12. The maximum angle (θ) from the boundary of the output coupler grid to the user's eye. ｏｕｔｍａｘ ) is equation (IV), equation (V), and equation (VI) A waveguide display according to claim 11, determined using

13. The output coupler grid is given by the following equation (VII) It has the maximum period satisfying λ ０ However, the waveguide display according to claim 12, wherein the shortest wavelength of the “rainbow” artifact to be considered is the wavelength of the “rainbow” artifact.

14. λ ０ Waveguide display according to claim 13, wherein the wavelength is 450 nm.

15. The waveguide combiner is given by the following equation (VIII) It has the minimum refractive index (n) that satisfies λ Ｒ The waveguide display according to claim 13, wherein the wavelength is that of the red display channel.

16. λ Ｒ The waveguide display according to claim 15, wherein the wavelength is 620 nm.

17. It is a near-eye display, Frame and, Display and The display is equipped with, Length (L) Ｅｙｅｂｏｘ The system includes an eyebox plane having ) and a waveguide display configured to direct image light towards the user's eye, and the waveguide display is, Waveguide combiner, Output coupler grid and The output coupler grid is equipped with all incident angles θ of light from an external light source. ｉｎ However, the following first-order diffraction equation (I) The diffraction angle θ that avoids the user's eyes by satisfying the conditions. ｏｕｔ Lattice period Λ that produces ＯＣ A near-eye display having λ, where λ is the wavelength of the light from the external light source.

18. The length of the upper half of the output coupler grid is ) and the length of the lower half of the output coupler grid ( The length (L) is the sum of the two values. ＯＣ The near-eye display according to claim 17, having )

19. is the following formula (II) Determined using, However, the following equation (III) Determined using the field of view θ ＦｏＶ However, a certain quantity (θ ０ The axis of FoV in the direction of the effective output coupler lattice vector is such that it can be tilted by (θ). ｔｉｌｔ ) is the inclination of the waveguide combiner with respect to the plane defined by the eyebox plane, and the waveguide combiner is at a first distance z from the eyebox plane. ｅｙｅ The near-eye display according to claim 18, which is positioned as follows.

20. The maximum angle (θ) from the boundary of the output coupler grid to the user's eye. ｏｕｔｍａｘ ) is equation (IV), equation (V), and equation (VI) Determined using the following equation (VII), the output coupler grid is determined by the following equation (VII). It has the maximum period satisfying λ ０ However, this is the shortest wavelength of the "rainbow" artifacts that are being considered. λ ０ It is 450 nm, The waveguide combiner is given by the following equation (VIII) It has the minimum refractive index (n) that satisfies λ Ｒ However, this is the wavelength of the red display channel, λ Ｒ It is 620 nm. The near-eye display according to claim 19.

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