Method for correcting crooked holes

Abstract

This invention provides a method for correcting hole curvature that suppresses excessive ground cutting. [Solution] The hole curvature correction method includes the steps of: detecting the inclination of the drilling from the inclination of the rotary drilling shaft, which rotates in the forward direction to drill into the ground, relative to the vertical direction; and injecting fluid laterally from the tip of the rotary drilling shaft and cutting the hole wall that is inclined relative to the vertical direction while reversing and pulling up the rotary drilling shaft.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a method for correcting hole deviation.

Background Art

[0002] There is a method for correcting a boring hole that corrects a boring hole deviated from the planned position to the planned position (for example, Patent Document 1).

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0003]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] In Patent Document 1, when correcting hole deviation, since fluid is simultaneously injected and cut over the entire hole wall inclined with respect to the vertical direction, the ground is cut more than necessary.

[0005] The present disclosure provides a method for correcting hole deviation in which excessive cutting of the ground is suppressed.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0006] The hole deviation correction method according to the first aspect includes a step of detecting the inclination of the drilling from the inclination of the rotary drilling shaft that rotates forward to drill the ground with respect to the vertical direction, and a step of injecting fluid laterally from the tip of the rotary drilling shaft and cutting the hole wall inclined with respect to the vertical direction while reversing and pulling up the rotary drilling shaft.

[0007] In this aspect, since fluid is injected laterally from the tip of the rotary drilling shaft and the hole wall inclined with respect to the vertical direction is cut while reversing and pulling up the rotary drilling shaft, there is no ground that laterally presses and bends the rotary drilling shaft, the rotary drilling shaft becomes vertical, and the vertical accuracy of the rotary drilling shaft can be corrected.

[0008] Furthermore, in this embodiment, compared to a method of cutting by simultaneously injecting fluid into the entire borehole wall, the inclined borehole wall is cut while the rotary drilling shaft is raised, thus suppressing the cutting of excess ground and eliminating the need to treat excess sludge.

[0009] The second embodiment of the hole curvature correction method is the same as the first embodiment of the hole curvature correction method, wherein the hole wall inclined with respect to the vertical direction is cut in an arc shape.

[0010] In this embodiment, by cutting the borehole wall in an arc shape, it is possible to eliminate the need for the ground to bend the rotary drilling shaft by applying lateral pressure, with the minimum necessary amount of ground removal.

[0011] The third embodiment of the hole curvature correction method is the first embodiment of the hole curvature correction method, wherein the amount of material removed from the hole wall is controlled by controlling one of the following, or any combination thereof: the direction of fluid injection, the amount of fluid injection, the pulling speed of the rotary drilling shaft, and the reversing speed of the rotary drilling shaft.

[0012] In this embodiment, hole curvature can be corrected using an appropriate and optimal method, taking into account characteristics such as the hardness of the ground. [Effects of the Invention]

[0013] According to this disclosure, a method for correcting hole curvature that suppresses excessive ground cutting can be provided. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0014] [Figure 1] This is a conceptual diagram showing the state of drilling a hole in the ground with the auger of this embodiment. [Figure 2] This is a front view showing the main parts of the auger of this embodiment. [Figure 3] This is a cross-sectional view showing the spiral portion of the auger of this embodiment tilted underground. [Figure 4] This is a plan view conceptual diagram illustrating how fluid is ejected from the nozzle of the horizontal pipe in this embodiment. [Figure 5](A) is a conceptual diagram showing the state in which the tilt of the auger relative to the ground is detected, (B) is a state in which fluid is being ejected from the nozzle, and (C) is a state in which a portion of the ground has been cut and the auger is being pulled up. (D) is a conceptual diagram showing the state in which the auger has been pulled up higher than in (C) and fluid is being ejected from the nozzle, and (E) is a conceptual diagram showing the state in which the area of ​​ground that has been cut has increased compared to (C) and the tilt of the auger is within the acceptable range. (F) is a conceptual diagram showing the state in which drilling has been corrected and drilling has resumed at the design position. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0015] Hereinafter, an example of an embodiment of the technology of this disclosure (this embodiment) will be described with reference to the drawings. In each drawing, the same components and parts are given the same reference numerals. Also, the dimensional ratios in the drawings are exaggerated for illustrative purposes and may differ from the actual ratios.

[0016] In the diagram, arrow D indicates the horizontal depth direction, arrow W indicates the horizontal width direction, and arrow H indicates the vertical direction (up and down). The depth, width, and up and down directions are perpendicular to each other.

[0017] <Overall Structure> As shown in Figure 1, the construction machine 10 used in the hole curvature correction method of this embodiment is equipped with an auger 20 and is a mobile body that can move under its own power to the drilling position. The construction machine 10 drills a hole in the ground G by rotating the auger 20, which is positioned upright relative to the surface of the ground G, in one direction in the vertical direction. The construction machine 10 also lifts the auger 20 and a portion of the drilled ground G from the ground G by rotating the auger 20 in the other direction in the vertical direction. For convenience, in this specification, one direction of rotation in the vertical direction is called forward rotation, and the other direction of rotation in the vertical direction is called reverse rotation, but the other direction of rotation may be called forward rotation and one direction of rotation may be called reverse rotation. In this specification, both the cutting that creates a hole by forward rotation and the resulting hole are referred to as drilling.

[0018] (Auger) The auger 20 is a spiral body connected by a plurality of joints 30. The auger 20 includes a spiral part 22, a pipe 40, an inclination sensor 50 (see FIG. 3), and a protective material 60. The auger 20 is an example of a rotary boring axis.

[0019] ((Spiral part)) As shown in FIG. 2, the spiral part 22 is a member having spiral blades formed on the outer circumference of a cylinder. When the spiral part 22 is rotated forward or backward by the construction machine 10, the spiral part 22 bores or pulls up according to the direction of the blades. The spiral part 22 is formed with a shaft part 22A and a first blade part 22B.

[0020] The shaft part 22A is a cylinder constituting the central part of the spiral part 22. The first blade part 22B is a spiral blade and is formed on the outer circumference of the shaft part 22A. The diameter of the hole formed in the ground G is determined according to the outer edge of the first blade part 22B.

[0021] Also, as shown in FIG. 1, the spiral part 22 can be divided into a plurality of parts in the vertical direction. In the present embodiment, the spiral part 22 has a first spiral part 24, a second spiral part 26, and a third spiral part 28 from bottom to top in a state where the auger 20 is upright. The first spiral part 24 and the second spiral part 26, and the second spiral part 26 and the third spiral part 28 are connected by joints 30, respectively.

[0022] As shown in FIG. 2, the first spiral part 24 is the tip part of the auger 20 and cuts the ground G in a state of contacting the ground G. The first spiral part 24 has a head 32 at its tip.

[0023] The head 32 is set to have a higher boring ability than the first blade part 22B. Specifically, the head 32 has a second blade part 32A that is larger in diameter than the first blade part 22B and has a double spiral shape. A bit 34 is formed at the tip of the head 32.

[0024] As shown in FIG. 1, the second spiral part 26 is connected to the rear end (upper end in the vertical direction) of the first spiral part 24 via a joint 30.

[0025] The third helical section 28 is connected to the rear end (upper end in the vertical direction) of the second helical section 26 via a joint 30. The third helical section 28 is also connected to the construction machine 10 at its rear end via a mounting member (not shown).

[0026] ((tube)) As shown in Figure 2, the pipe 40 is formed inside the shaft portion 22A of the helical portion 22. A fluid Q that cuts the ground G flows inside the pipe 40. For example, the fluid Q is a high-pressure fluid. In this embodiment, the pipe 40 has a vertical pipe 42 and a horizontal pipe 44.

[0027] The vertical pipe 42 extends vertically and is formed in the central part of the shaft portion 22A. In this embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, the vertical pipe 42 is formed in the vertical direction of the second helical portion 26 and the third helical portion 28. Also, as shown in Figure 2, the vertical pipe 42 is formed from the rear end to the front end of the first helical portion 24. Fluid Q flows through the vertical pipe 42 in the order of the third helical portion 28, the second helical portion 26, and the first helical portion 24.

[0028] The horizontal pipe 44 is formed continuously from the vertical pipe 42 of the first helical section 24 along a direction that intersects with the vertical pipe 42 of the first helical section 24. The horizontal pipe 44 changes the fluid Q flowing vertically through the pipe 40 to a horizontal direction. In other words, the horizontal pipe 44 injects the fluid in a horizontal direction. In this specification, the horizontal direction refers to a direction that includes at least a horizontal component. In this embodiment, the horizontal pipe 44 is perpendicular to the vertical pipe 42 and is formed at the head 32 of the first helical section 24. In other words, the horizontal pipe 44 is formed only at the tip of the first helical section 24 and not at the second helical section 26 and the third helical section 28. The head 32 is an example of a tip.

[0029] A nozzle 44A is formed in the horizontal pipe 44 at the end opposite the connection point with the vertical pipe 42. The nozzle 44A is an opening facing the opposing ground G. Fluid Q, which is pumped through pipe 40 by a pumping unit (not shown), is injected through the nozzle 44A. In other words, the horizontal pipe 44 functions as an injection nozzle.

[0030] ((Tilt sensor)) As shown in Figure 3, the tilt sensor 50 is a sensor that outputs the tilt of the helical section 22 relative to the vertical direction, with multiple sensors arranged on the helical section 22. In this embodiment, one sensor is arranged on each of the helical sections 22 of the first helical section 24, the second helical section 26, and the third helical section 28.

[0031] The tilt sensor 50 outputs a signal corresponding to a tilt angle θ of 0° (zero degrees) when the helical section 22 is aligned vertically to the construction machine 10 or a controller (not shown). Furthermore, when the helical section 22 is tilted relative to the vertical, the tilt sensor 50 outputs a signal corresponding to a tilt angle θ, for example, 2°, as the drilling inclination to the construction machine 10 or the controller. The tilt sensor 50 outputs a tilt angle θ for each helical section 22. In other words, the tilt sensor 50 outputs multiple tilt angles θ corresponding to the tilt of each helical section 22.

[0032] When the tilt sensor 50 outputs the tilt angle θ to the construction machine 10 or controller, the planned drilling position of the helical section 22 and the amount of horizontal deviation X from the tip of the helical section 22 to the tip of the helical section 22 are calculated based on the tilt angle θ and the known length L from the tip to the rear end in the vertical direction of the helical section 22.

[0033] In this embodiment, the amount of displacement X1 is calculated based on the length L1 and inclination angle θ1 of the first helical portion 24. The amount of displacement X2 is calculated based on the length L2 and inclination angle θ2 of the second helical portion 26. Note that the length L2 and inclination angle θ2 may also be used to calculate the amount of displacement X1.

[0034] ((protective material)) As shown in Figure 2, the protective material 60 is positioned on the outer circumference of the horizontal pipe 44 and serves as a buffer to protect the horizontal pipe 44. The outer circumference of one end of the protective material 60 on the side of the nozzle 44A is tapered.

[0035] The auger 20 is thus constructed.

[0036] <Injection method> Next, the method of injecting the fluid Q will be explained using Figure 4. In Figure 4, a displacement amount X1 occurs at the tip of the first helical section 22 while the ground G is being drilled by the auger 20, and this is explained as an example. In other words, the displacement amount X1 is the amount of displacement in the width direction between the outer edge FC of the hole already drilled by the first helical section 24 and the outer edge PC of the hole to be drilled. The outer edge FC of the hole already drilled in the ground G is an example of a borehole wall.

[0037] Furthermore, in Figure 4, we consider the first helical section 24 of the auger 20 to rotate in the opposite direction to the central axis, that is, the first helical section 24 to rotate counterclockwise in the R direction. During rotation in the R direction, the range in which the nozzle 44A of the horizontal pipe 44 faces the ground G is from position P1 to position P2, which is the position after rotating counterclockwise.

[0038] Position P1 is one of the intersection points of the outer edge FC and the outer edge PC. Position P2 is also one of the intersection points of the outer edge FC and the outer edge PC, and is a different position from position P1, but positions P1 and P2 may be the same. Position P3 is a position between positions P1 and P2, and is defined as the position where a widthwise displacement X1 occurs between the outer edge FC and the outer edge PC.

[0039] First, when the first helical section 24 is reversed (rotated in the R direction), the nozzle 44A of the horizontal pipe 44 is positioned at position P1, and the injection of fluid Q from the nozzle 44A toward the ground G begins.

[0040] Next, as the first helical section 24 reverses direction, while the nozzle 44A moves from position P1 through position P3 to position P2, the fluid Q continues to be ejected from the nozzle 44A over the range from position P1 through position P3 to position P2. During this time, the ejection conditions of the fluid Q ejected from the nozzle 44A are adjusted as appropriate so that the ground G is cut along the outer edge PC, that is, cut in an arc shape. For example, the ejection conditions are set so that one or a combination of the ejection direction, ejection amount, auger 20 lifting speed, and auger 20 reversal speed are controlled. The ejection conditions are also changed according to the specifications of the horizontal pipe 44 as an ejection nozzle and the geological conditions of the ground G.

[0041] For example, the cutting force used to cut the ground G is set to increase as you move from position P1 to position P3, reaching its maximum cutting force at position P3. Conversely, the cutting force is set to decrease as you move from position P3 to position P2.

[0042] Then, when the nozzle 44A reaches position P2 due to the reversal of the first helical section 24, the injection of fluid Q into the ground G is terminated.

[0043] Furthermore, as the first helical section 24 reverses, the injection of fluid Q remains stopped until the nozzle 44A moves from position P2 to position P1.

[0044] The above describes the method for injecting fluid Q from position P1 in the plan view, through positions P3 and P2, and back to position P1.

[0045] <Method for correcting hole curvature> Next, the hole bending correction method of this embodiment will be explained using Figure 5. While Figure 4 explained the start and end of fluid Q injection from the nozzle 44A of the horizontal pipe 44 during one rotation (360°) of the auger 20, Figure 5 explains the combination of forward and reverse rotation of the auger 20 and the injection of fluid Q from the nozzle 44A of the horizontal pipe 44. Furthermore, although the following explanation assumes that the construction machine 10 controls the injection of fluid Q, it is not limited to this. For example, a controller (not shown) located outside the construction machine 10 may control the injection.

[0046] Inside the ground G, the auger 20 is rotated forward, and the tilt of the drilling is detected from the tilt angle θ of the auger 20 output by the tilt sensor 50. If the tilt angle θ is less than a predetermined value, it is determined that no hole curvature correction is necessary, and the construction machine 10 continues drilling with the auger 20.

[0047] On the other hand, if the inclination angle θ is greater than or equal to a predetermined value, as shown in Figure 5(A), the construction machine 10 rotates the auger 20 so that the nozzle 44A of the horizontal pipe 44 of the first helical section 24 faces the ground G, indicating that hole bending correction is necessary.

[0048] As shown in Figure 5(B), the construction machine 10 rotates the auger 20 in the R direction and pulls it up while injecting fluid Q from the nozzle 44A over the area where cutting of the ground G is required, from position P1 through position P3 to position P2 (see Figure 4).

[0049] As shown in Figure 5(C), the fluid Q cuts through the hole wall of the ground G, resulting in the creation of a first cutting region CA1, which is a defined cutting range of the ground G. On the other hand, in parts of the ground G where cutting is unnecessary, the construction machine 10 stops the injection of fluid Q and rotates the auger 20 in the R direction.

[0050] As a result, the construction machine 10 rotates the auger 20 360° and lifts the auger 20 towards the ground at a predetermined lifting amount and reverse speed.

[0051] Next, the construction machine 10 determines whether to inject fluid Q based on the tilt angle θ measured by the tilt sensor 50, whether to cut a portion of the ground G above the first cutting area CA1 in the vertical direction.

[0052] In this embodiment, the case where injection is necessary will be described. As shown in Figure 5(D), the construction machine 10 rotates the auger 20 in the R direction and injects fluid Q from the injection port 44A over the area where cutting of the ground G is necessary, from position P1 through position P3 to position P2 (see Figure 4). When injecting, the injection conditions are set to be smaller than the maximum value of the injection conditions that created the first cutting area CA1.

[0053] As shown in Figure 5(E), the fluid Q cuts the ground G, resulting in the creation of a second cutting region CA2, which is a defined cutting range of the ground G. The second cutting region CA2 includes the first cutting region CA1 and is defined as the region above the first cutting region CA1 in the vertical direction. Furthermore, the construction machine 10 determines whether to inject fluid Q based on the tilt angle θ measured by the tilt sensor 50, regarding whether to cut a portion of the ground G above the second cutting region CA2 in the vertical direction. In Figure 5(E), assuming that the tilt angle θ of the auger 20 is less than a defined value, the construction machine 10 terminates the rotation of the auger 20 in the R direction and the injection of fluid Q.

[0054] With the above steps completed, the construction machine 10 finishes correcting the hole curvature using the auger 20.

[0055] Then, as shown in Figure 5(F), the construction machine 10 resumes drilling vertically downward along the outer edge PC of the hole to be drilled by rotating the auger 20 in the forward direction (rotation in the -R direction).

[0056] <Effects and Effects> The hole curvature correction method of this embodiment includes the steps of detecting the inclination of the drilling from the inclination angle θ of the auger 20, which rotates in the forward direction to drill into the ground G, with respect to the vertical direction, and injecting fluid Q laterally from the nozzle 44A of the horizontal pipe 44 of the first helical section 24, and cutting the hole wall that is inclined with respect to the vertical direction while reversing and pulling up the auger 20.

[0057] In this embodiment, fluid Q is injected laterally from the nozzle 44A of the horizontal pipe 44 of the first helical section 24, and the auger 20 is reversed and pulled up while cutting the hole wall which is inclined with respect to the vertical direction. As a result, there is no ground that will laterally press and bend the auger 20, the auger 20 becomes vertical, and the vertical accuracy of the auger 20 can be corrected.

[0058] Furthermore, in this embodiment, compared to a method in which fluid Q is simultaneously injected into the entire borehole wall of the ground G for cutting, the auger 20 is raised while cutting the inclined borehole wall in the ground G, thus suppressing the cutting of excess ground G and eliminating the need to treat excess sludge.

[0059] Furthermore, in the hole curvature correction method of this embodiment, the hole wall that is inclined with respect to the vertical direction is cut in an arc shape.

[0060] In this embodiment, by cutting the hole wall in an arc shape, it is possible to eliminate the amount of ground G that would cause the auger 20 to bend by lateral pressure, with the minimum necessary amount of ground G being removed.

[0061] In the hole curvature correction method of this embodiment, the amount of material removed from the hole wall is controlled by controlling one of the following: the injection direction and injection amount of fluid Q, the pulling speed of the auger 20, and the reversing speed of the auger 20, or by controlling any combination thereof.

[0062] In this embodiment, hole curvature can be corrected using an appropriate and optimal method, taking into account characteristics such as the hardness of the ground.

[0063] <Variation> Furthermore, the present disclosure can also be constructed by partially combining the configurations illustrated in the attached drawings. As described above, this disclosure includes various embodiments not described above, and the technical scope of this disclosure is determined solely by the inventive features of the claims that are reasonable from the above description.

[0064] In the above embodiment, the borehole wall, which is inclined with respect to the vertical, is cut in an arc shape, but this is not essential. For example, it may be cut in a rectangular or other shape, as long as the lateral pressure on the auger 20 by the ground G is eliminated.

[0065] In the above embodiment, the amount of material removed from the borehole wall is controlled by controlling one or a combination of the injection direction and injection amount of fluid Q, the pulling speed of the auger 20, and the reverse rotation speed of the auger 20, but this is not essential. For example, the injection direction and injection amount of fluid Q, the pulling speed of the auger 20, and the reverse rotation speed of the auger 20 may all be controlled to a constant value, or injection conditions such as injection pressure and injection time may be considered. [Explanation of symbols]

[0066] 10 Construction Machinery 20 Auger (an example of a rotary drilling shaft) 22 Each spiral part 22 Spiral part 22A Shaft 22B Blade section 24 1st spiral part 26 Second spiral part 28 Third spiral part 30 joints 32 Head (Example of tip section) 32A Blade section 40 tubes 42 Vertical pipes 44 Horizontal pipe 44A injection port 50 Tilt Sensor 60 protective materials θ Tilt angle CA1 cutting area CA2 cutting area

Claims

1. A process to detect the inclination of the drilling from the inclination of the rotary drilling shaft, which rotates in the forward direction to drill into the ground, A hole curvature correction method comprising the steps of: injecting fluid laterally from the tip of the rotary drilling shaft, and cutting the hole wall inclined with respect to the vertical direction while reversing and pulling up the rotary drilling shaft.

2. The hole wall, which is inclined with respect to the vertical, is cut in an arc shape. The method for correcting hole curvature according to claim 1.

3. The amount of material removed from the borehole wall is controlled by controlling one or a combination of the following: the direction and amount of fluid injection, the pulling speed of the rotary drilling shaft, and the reversing speed of the rotary drilling shaft. The method for correcting hole curvature according to claim 1 or 2.

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