Printed material, display device, and method for manufacturing printed material

Abstract

The present invention provides a printed material, a display device, and a method for manufacturing a printed material that can improve the quality of the image in a printed material in which the displayed content can be viewed through the image. [Solution] The pattern printing layer 5 can conceal the presence of the light source with its pattern when the light source is turned off. Therefore, the pattern of the pattern printing layer 5 is displayed on the printed material 50. On the other hand, when the light source is on, the pattern printing layer 5 can transmit light from the light source. Thus, when the light source from the back is not on, the pattern on the front side is visible, and when it is on, the content displayed by the light source can be seen through the pattern. Here, when the a-value and b-value of the reflected light from any measurement point on the printed material 50 are measured in the range of a receiving angle from 0 to 30 degrees and graphs are created, the first graph of the a-value has a mountain-shaped peak, and the second graph of the b-value also has a mountain-shaped peak.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to printed materials, display devices, and methods for manufacturing printed materials. [Background technology]

[0002] Traditionally, printed materials with wood grain or abstract patterns printed on substrates such as paper or film have been used for decorating walls and other surfaces. In this case, the printed wood grain or abstract pattern is the visible design element. However, depending on the usage scenario, it may be necessary for the visible pattern to change depending on whether or not a light source from the back is used, such as when a switch button is displayed.

[0003] For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a technology for printed materials in which a light source is provided beneath the printing layer, and when the light source is not turned on, the pattern is visible due to the reflected light from the RGB interference pigment printing layer, and when the light source is turned on, the pattern is visible due to the transmitted light from the CMY printing layer. Patent Document 2 also discloses a technology for a decorative sheet having two patterns using interference pigments, in which the patterns are visible when the image on the reverse side is not displayed, and the image on the reverse side is visible when the image on the reverse side is displayed. [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2015-120304 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2021-178431 [Overview of the project] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0005] In this context, there was a need to improve the quality of the image in printed materials where, if the light source from the back is not illuminated, the image on the front side is visible, and if the light source is illuminated, the content displayed by the light source can be seen through the image.

[0006] The present invention aims to provide a printed material, a display device, and a method for manufacturing a printed material that can improve the quality of the image in a printed material in which the image on the front side is visible when there is no light source from the back side, and the content displayed by the light source is visible through the image when there is light source. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] [1] The printed material according to the present invention comprises at least a translucent substrate and a pattern printing layer, wherein the pattern printing layer is provided on one side of the translucent substrate and includes a pattern layer composed of a plurality of dots, each of the plurality of dots includes a binder and a plurality of pigment chips dispersed inside the binder, the plurality of pigment chips are interference pigments, and when the a-value and b-value of reflected light from any measurement point of the printed material are measured in the range of a receiving angle of 0 to 30 degrees and a graph is created, the first graph of the a-value has a bell-shaped peak, and the second graph of the b-value has a bell-shaped peak.

[0008] The pattern printing layer is provided on one side of the translucent substrate and includes a pattern layer composed of multiple dots. Each of the multiple dots contains a binder and multiple pigment chips dispersed within the binder, and the multiple pigment chips are interference pigments. In this case, when the light source is turned off, the pattern on the pattern printing layer can conceal the presence of the light source. Therefore, the pattern on the pattern printing layer is displayed on the printed material. On the other hand, when the light source is on, the pattern printing layer can transmit light from the light source. Thus, when there is no light source from the back, the pattern on the front side is visible, and when there is light, the content displayed by the light source can be seen through the pattern. Here, when the a-value and b-value of the reflected light from an arbitrary measurement point on the printed material are measured in the range of a receiving angle from 0 to 30 degrees and graphs are created, the first graph of the a-value has a bell-shaped peak, and the second graph of the b-value also has a bell-shaped peak. In this case, compared to inkjet, the colors are easier to recognize even when observed from an angle deviating from the specular reflection of the light source. Thus, the quality of the pattern can be improved.

[0009] [2] In the printed material described in [1] above, if a first approximation line is set for the range from 0deg to the peak of the first graph and a second approximation line is set for the range from the peak to 30deg, the absolute value of the slope of the second approximation line may be greater than the absolute value of the slope of the first approximation line. If a third approximation line is set for the range from 0deg to the peak of the second graph and a fourth approximation line is set for the range from the peak to 30deg, the absolute value of the slope of the fourth approximation line may be greater than the absolute value of the slope of the third approximation line.

[0010] [3] In the printed material described in [1] or [2] above, an arbitrary unit measurement interval is set for the printed material, the area with the darkest color within the unit measurement interval is defined as the dense area, a first approximation line is set for the dense area from 0deg to the peak of the first graph, a second approximation line is set for the area from the peak to 30deg, a third approximation line is set for the area from 0deg to the peak of the second graph, and a fourth approximation line is set for the area from the peak to 30deg, the slope of the first approximation line may be 0.13 or greater, and the slope of the third approximation line may be 0.14 or greater. In this case, a pattern can be created in a density range in which a peak clearly appears.

[0011] [4] In any of the printed materials described in [1] to [3] above, an arbitrary unit measurement interval is set for the printed material, the darkest area within the unit measurement interval is defined as the dense area, a first approximation line is set for the dense area from 0deg to the peak of the first graph, a second approximation line is set for the area from the peak to 30deg, a third approximation line is set for the area from 0deg to the peak of the second graph, and a fourth approximation line is set for the area from the peak to 30deg, the absolute value of the slope of the second approximation line may be 0.23 or greater, and the absolute value of the slope of the fourth approximation line may be 0.34 or greater. In this case, a pattern can be created in a density range in which a clear peak appears.

[0012] [5] Any of the printed materials described in [1] to [4] above further comprises a white pattern layer provided on top of the image printing layer and composed of multiple silver dots, each of which may contain a silver binder and multiple silver pigment chips dispersed inside the silver binder. In this case, the color development of the first color pattern layer and the second color pattern layer is excellent, and the image printing layer can have an image that gives a whitish impression.

[0013] [6] Any of the printed materials described in [1] to [5] above may further have a translucent smoke printing layer provided on the outermost surface opposite to the translucent substrate relative to the pattern printing layer. In this case, the color development of the first color pattern layer and the second color pattern layer is improved. Furthermore, because the translucent smoke printing layer is translucent, the decrease in the visibility of the image on the display device is well suppressed.

[0014] [7] In any of the printed materials described in [1] to [6] above, the pattern layer comprises a first-color pattern layer consisting of a plurality of first-color dots provided on one side of a translucent substrate, and a second-color pattern layer consisting of a plurality of second-color dots provided on the first-color pattern layer, wherein each first-color dot contains a first-color binder and a plurality of first-color pigment chips dispersed inside the first-color binder, and each second-color dot contains a second-color binder and a plurality of second-color pigment chips dispersed inside the second-color binder, and either the first-color pigment chip or the second-color pigment chip produces color as interference light on the reflected light side and contains a plurality of interference pigments of different colors, and the other of the first-color pigment chip or the second-color pigment chip produces color as interference light on the reflected light side and contains one interference pigment that produces a different color from the mixture shown by the plurality of interference pigments contained in the other one, and the interference light may be additively mixed. Because either the first-color pattern layer or the second-color pattern layer contains multiple interference pigments that generate different interference light from each other, it is possible to achieve a three-dimensional effect even with a small number of printing layers. Furthermore, since only one of the first-color pattern layer or the second-color pattern layer needs to contain the interference pigments that generate multiple interference light, the color matching and registration work during printing can be simplified. Therefore, this printed material can express a three-dimensional effect even with a small number of printing layers, and the color matching and registration work during printing can be simplified.

[0015] [8] In any of the printed materials described in [1] to [7] above, the pattern layer comprises a first-color pattern layer provided on one side of a translucent substrate and composed of a plurality of first-color dots, and a second-color pattern layer provided on the first-color pattern layer and composed of a plurality of second-color dots, wherein each first-color dot contains a first-color binder and a plurality of first-color pigment chips dispersed inside the first-color binder, and each second-color dot contains a second-color binder and a plurality of second-color pigment chips dispersed inside the second-color binder, wherein the plurality of first-color pigment chips are first interference pigments that generate monochromatic first interference light, and the plurality of second-color pigment chips are second interference pigments that generate monochromatic second interference light different from the color shown by the first interference pigment, and the first interference light and the second interference light may be additively mixed. For example, for patterns that can be expressed with a limited number of colors, by limiting the interference pigments contained in the first and second color pattern layers to a single color, it becomes possible to express the pattern using only variations in the intensity of that single color. In this way, the color matching and registration processes during printing can be simplified. Therefore, this printed material simplifies the color matching and registration processes during printing.

[0016] [9] In any of the printed materials described in [1] to [8] above, the pattern layer comprises a first-color pattern layer consisting of a plurality of first-color dots provided on one side of a translucent substrate, and a second-color pattern layer consisting of a plurality of second-color dots provided on the first-color pattern layer, wherein each first-color dot contains a first-color binder and a plurality of first-color pigment chips dispersed inside the first-color binder, and each second-color dot contains a second-color binder and a plurality of second-color pigment chips dispersed inside the second-color binder, and either the plurality of first-color pigment chips or the plurality of second-color pigment chips are first interference pigments of multiple colors that each generate different first interference light, and the other of the plurality of first-color pigment chips or the plurality of second-color pigment chips is a second interference pigment that generates a monochromatic second interference light of the same color as any of the plurality of first interference pigments, and the plurality of first interference light and the second interference light may be additively mixed. Because either the first-color pattern layer or the second-color pattern layer contains multiple interference pigments that generate different interference light from each other, it is possible to achieve a three-dimensional effect even with a small number of printing layers. Furthermore, in this printed material, only one of the first-color pattern layer or the second-color pattern layer needs to contain the interference pigments that generate multiple interference light, thus simplifying color matching and registration work during printing. On the other hand, the other of the first-color pattern layer or the second-color pattern layer contains a second interference pigment that generates a single-color second interference light of the same color as one of the multiple first interference pigments. For example, for images that can be expressed with a small number of colors, by limiting the second interference pigment to a single color of the same color as the first interference pigment, it becomes possible to express the image by varying the intensity of that single color. Also, when it is desired to emphasize a certain hue, it is easier to adjust that hue by using two layers, the first-color pattern layer and the second-color pattern layer, rather than adjusting with only one color pattern layer. In addition, while adding too much interference pigment to a single color pattern layer reduces the strength of the coating film, this reduction in strength can be suppressed by using two color pattern layers. Therefore, the color matching and registration processes during printing can be simplified.

[0017]

[10] The display device according to the present invention, on one side, includes the printed matter described in [1] to [9] above and a display device.

[0018] In the display device of

[10] above, the same operations and effects as those of the printed matter of [1] can be obtained.

[0019]

[11] The method for manufacturing a printed matter according to the present invention, on one side, includes at least a light-transmissive substrate and a pattern printing layer. The pattern printing layer is provided on one surface side of the light-transmissive substrate and includes a pattern layer composed of a plurality of dots. Each of the plurality of dots includes a binder and a plurality of pigment chips dispersed inside the binder. The plurality of pigment chips are interference pigments. The method for manufacturing a printed matter is to print the pattern printing layer such that when a graph is created by measuring the a value and b value of the reflected light from an arbitrary measurement location of the printed matter within the range of a light-receiving angle of 0 to 30 degrees, the first graph of the a value has a mountain-shaped peak and the second graph of the b value has a mountain-shaped peak.

[0020] In the method for manufacturing a printed matter of

[11] above, the same operations and effects as those of the printed matter of [1] can be obtained.

Effects of the Invention

[0021] According to the present invention, in a printed matter where the pattern on the front side can be visually recognized when the light source on the back side is not lit, and the display content of the light source can be visually recognized through the pattern when there is lighting, a printed matter, a display device, and a method for manufacturing a printed matter capable of improving the quality of the pattern can be provided.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0022] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a display device according to the first - 1 example. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the pattern printing layer included in the display device shown in FIG. 1. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a printed matter according to the first - 2 example. [Figure 4]Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the white pattern layer of the printed material shown in Figure 3. [Figure 5] Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing printed materials related to the first three examples. [Figure 6] Figure 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing printed materials related to the examples 1-4. [Figure 7] Figure 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the pattern printing layer of the display device according to the example in 2-1. [Figure 8] Figure 8 is a diagram showing the structure of the printed materials related to Experimental Examples 1-3. [Figure 9] Figure 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the pattern printing layer of the display device according to the example of 3-1. [Figure 10] Figure 10(a) is a schematic diagram showing the color combinations of the patterned printing layer, and Figure 10(b) is a schematic diagram showing the color combinations of the patterned printing layer according to a comparative example. [Figure 11] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram showing specific examples of color combinations for the pattern printing layer. [Figure 12] Figure 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the pattern printing layer of the display device according to the example of 4-1. [Figure 13] Figure 13(a) is a schematic diagram showing the color combinations of the patterned printing layer, and Figure 13(b) is a schematic diagram showing the color combinations of the patterned printing layer in a comparative example. [Figure 14] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram showing specific examples of color combinations for the pattern printing layer. [Figure 15] Figure 15(a) shows the light source covered with printed material as viewed from the front when the power to light source 3 is OFF, and Figure 15(b) shows the light source covered with printed material as viewed from the front when the power to light source 3 is ON. [Figure 16] Figure 16 shows the samples used in the experiment. [Figure 17] Figure 17 illustrates the angles used in the experiment. [Figure 18] Figure 18 is an a*b* chromaticity diagram. [Figure 19]Figure 19 is a graph showing the measurement results of the experiment. [Figure 20] Figure 20 is a graph showing the measurement results of the experiment. [Figure 21] Figure 21 is a graph showing the measurement results of the experiment. [Figure 22] Figure 22 is a graph showing the measurement results of the experiment. [Figure 23] Figure 23 is a graph showing the measurement results of the experiment. [Figure 24] Figure 24 is a graph showing the measurement results of the experiment. [Figure 25] Figure 25 is a graph showing the measurement results of the experiment. [Figure 26] Figure 26 is a graph showing the measurement results of the experiment. [Figure 27] Figure 27 is a graph showing the measurement results of the experiment. [Figure 28] Figure 28 is a graph showing the measurement results of the experiment. [Figure 29] Figure 29 is a graph showing the measurement results of the experiment. [Figure 30] Figure 30 is a graph showing the measurement results of the experiment. [Figure 31] Figure 31 is a table showing the slopes of each approximation line. [Figure 32] Figure 32 is a graph illustrating the method for calculating the slope. [Figure 33] Figure 33 is a graph showing the slope of each approximation line. [Figure 34] Figure 34 is a graph showing the slope of each approximation line. [Figure 35] Figure 35 is a graph illustrating the method for calculating the slope. [Figure 36] Figure 36 is a graph showing the slope of each approximation line. [Figure 37] Figure 37 is a graph showing the slope of each approximation line. [Figure 38] Figure 38 is a graph showing the slope of each approximation line. [Figure 39] Figure 39 shows an example of a design. [Figure 40] Figure 40 is a diagram illustrating the measurement locations. [Figure 41] Figure 41 is a side view showing an example of a printed document. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0023] Specific examples of printed materials and display devices according to embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to these examples, and is intended to include all modifications within the meaning and scope of the claims, as indicated by the claims. In the following description, the same elements in the drawings are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant descriptions are omitted.

[0024] [Regarding printed materials] First, an example of a printed material used in this embodiment will be described with reference to Figures 1 to 15. However, the description with reference to Figures 1 to 15 is merely an example of what kind of printed material can be used in the present invention. Therefore, the layer structure of the printed material exemplified in the description with reference to Figures 1 to 15 does not limit the layer structure of the printed material used in the present invention. For the purpose of describing the printed material, Figure 1 shows the printed material incorporated into a display device. In this specification, when a printed material is formed by printing dot-shaped ink, the layer structure of the printed material may have a part of one layer and a part of another layer in the same position in the thickness direction, or they may overlap each other, and when observed as a plan view, a structure in which the pattern forming one layer and the pattern forming another layer overlap in part and do not overlap in other parts may also be included. Furthermore, each layer in the layer structure of the printed material can also be considered as a superimposed printing pattern.

[0025] [Example 1-1] Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display device according to the first example. Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the pattern printing layer of the display device shown in Figure 1. As shown in Figure 1, the display device 1 comprises a printed material 2 and a light source 3. The printed material 2 is a sheet for displaying a pattern and comprises a light-transmitting substrate 4, a pattern printing layer 5, and a transparent smoke printing layer 30. The printed material 2 is placed in front of the light source 3 (between the viewer and the light source 3). The printed material 2 is fully light-transmitting. Therefore, when the power to the light source 3 is ON, the viewer can see the light from the light source 3 that has passed through the printed material 2, and when the power to the light source 3 is OFF, the viewer can see the pattern displayed by the printed material 2. The light source 3 is, for example, a display device.

[0026] The translucent substrate 4 is a substrate that transmits visible light. The translucent substrate 4 is, for example, made of a transparent resin. Examples of transparent resins include PET, PMMA, polycarbonate, polyethylene, polypropylene, and nylon. The translucent substrate 4 may also be a glass substrate. The thickness of the translucent substrate 4 is, for example, 25 μm to 250 μm, but substrates with thicknesses below or above this range can also be used if printing is possible. In the case of a glass substrate, for example, it is about a few millimeters to 10 mm. If necessary, a surface protective layer may be provided on the surface side of the translucent substrate 4 (opposite the pattern printing layer 5).

[0027] The pattern printing layer 5 is a layer that expresses the pattern of the printed material 2. The pattern printing layer 5 comprises a first color pattern layer 10 provided on one surface 4a of the translucent substrate 4, and a second color pattern layer 20 provided on the first color pattern layer 10.

[0028] The first color pattern layer 10 can be formed on surface 4a by, for example, screen printing, inkjet printing, gravure printing, or offset printing. As shown in Figure 2, the first color pattern layer 10 is composed of a plurality of first color dots 11. Here, "dot" refers to a point that constitutes an element of the printed image, and its shape is not limited to circles, but may be rectangular, polygonal, or other shapes. Each of the plurality of first color dots 11 contains a first color binder 12 and a plurality of first color pigment chips 13 dispersed inside the first color binder 12. The content of the plurality of first color pigment chips 13 is, for example, in the range of 0.5 parts by weight or more and 20 parts by weight or less, when the first color binder 12 is 100 parts by weight.

[0029] Examples of the first color binder 12 include vinyl resins, acrylic resins, thermoplastic urethane resins, polyester resins, and polycarbonate resins. The thickness of the first color pattern layer 10 is, for example, 1 μm to 10 μm. The first color pattern layer 10 may contain a curing agent. In this case, the heat resistance of the first color pattern layer 10 and the adhesion of the first color pattern layer 10 to the translucent substrate 4 can be improved. The first color pattern layer 10 may also contain a weather-resistant agent. Known ultraviolet absorbers and light stabilizers can be used as weather-resistant agents.

[0030] In the example of 1-1, the multiple first-color pigment chips 13 are multiple-color first interference pigments 14a, 14b that generate different interference light from each other. Each of the first interference pigments 14a, 14b consists of a thin film (not shown) that transmits visible light and a metal oxide film (not shown) that covers the thin film. The light incident from the translucent substrate 4 to the first-color pattern layer 10 that is reflected at the surface of the metal oxide film and the light that passes through the metal oxide film and is reflected at the surface of the thin film interfere with each other, generating interference light. By adjusting the thickness of the metal oxide film and the refractive index of the metal oxide film, interference light with a desired wavelength can be generated.

[0031] In example 1-1, each of the first interference pigments 14a and 14b is titanium dioxide-coated mica. The particle size range of the titanium dioxide-coated mica includes, for example, a range of 25 μm to 60 μm. Here, "particle size" refers to the longest diameter of the particle cross-section. The flakes constituting the first interference pigments 14a and 14b may be other than mica, for example, silica, alumina, glass, or polysilicate. The metal oxide film constituting the first interference pigments 14a and 14b may be other than titanium dioxide, for example, zirconium oxide, zinc oxide, iron oxide, or tin oxide.

[0032] When incident light E is incident on the first color pattern layer 10, each of the first interference pigments 14a and 14b generates two distinct first interference rays 15a and 15b. That is, the wavelengths of the first interference rays 15a and 15b are different from each other. As a result, the first interference pigments 14a and 14b exhibit color mixing. The first interference pigments 14a and 14b are, for example, a red interference pigment (red pearl pigment) and a gold interference pigment (gold pearl pigment). In this case, the first interference rays 15a and 15b each exhibit red and gold colors, respectively. The proportions of the first interference pigments 14a and 14b may be the same or different from each other.

[0033] The second color pattern layer 20 can be applied on the first color pattern layer 10 by, for example, screen printing, inkjet printing, gravure printing, or offset printing. As shown in Figure 2, the second color pattern layer 20 is composed of a plurality of second color dots 21. Here, "dot" refers to a point that constitutes an element of the printed image, and its shape is not limited to circles, but may be rectangular, polygonal, or other shapes. Each of the plurality of second color dots 21 contains a second color binder 22 and a plurality of second color pigment chips 23 dispersed inside the second color binder 22. The content of the plurality of second color pigment chips 23 is, for example, in the range of 0.5 parts by weight or more and 20 parts by weight or less, when the second color binder 22 is 100 parts by weight.

[0034] Examples of the second color binder 22 include vinyl resins, acrylic resins, thermoplastic urethane resins, polyester resins, and polycarbonate resins. The thickness of the second color pattern layer 20 is, for example, 1 μm to 10 μm. The second color pattern layer 20 may contain a curing agent. In this case, the heat resistance of the second color pattern layer 20 and the adhesion of the second color pattern layer 20 to the first color pattern layer 10 can be improved. The second color pattern layer 20 may also contain a weather-resistant agent. Known ultraviolet absorbers and light stabilizers can be used as weather-resistant agents.

[0035] In the example of 1-1, the multiple second-color pigment chips 23 are second interference pigments 24 that generate monochromatic interference light different from the color mixing shown by the first interference pigments 14a and 14b. The second interference pigment 24 is composed of a thin flake (not shown) that is transparent to visible light and a metal oxide film (not shown) that covers the flake. The light incident on the second-color pattern layer 20 from the translucent substrate 4 that is reflected at the surface of the metal oxide film interferes with the light that passes through the metal oxide film and is reflected at the surface of the flake, generating interference light. By adjusting the thickness of the metal oxide film and the refractive index of the metal oxide film, interference light with a desired wavelength can be generated.

[0036] In example 1-1, the second interference pigment 24 is titanium dioxide-coated mica. The particle size range of the titanium dioxide-coated mica includes, for example, a range of 25 μm to 60 μm. Here, "particle size" refers to the longest diameter of the particle cross-section. The flakes constituting the second interference pigment 24 may be other than mica, for example, silica, alumina, glass, or polysilicate. The metal oxide film constituting the second interference pigment 24 may be other than titanium dioxide, for example, zirconium oxide, zinc oxide, iron oxide, or tin oxide.

[0037] When incident light E enters the second color pattern layer 20 from the second interference pigment 24, a monochromatic second interference light 25 is generated. As a result, the second interference pigment 24 exhibits a monochromatic appearance. The second interference pigment 24 can be any interference pigment that generates a monochromatic second interference light 25 that is different from the color mixture shown by the first interference pigments 14a and 14b, for example, a green interference pigment (green pearl pigment). In this case, the second interference light 25 will appear green.

[0038] The transparent smoke printing layer 30 has the function of attenuating light coming from the viewpoint side that penetrates the printed material 2. The transparent smoke printing layer 30 is provided on the outermost surface opposite to the translucent substrate 4 relative to the pattern printing layer 5. In the first example, the transparent smoke printing layer 30 is provided on the second color pattern layer 20 as shown in Figure 1. The transparent smoke printing layer 30 can be provided on the second color pattern layer 20 by, for example, screen printing, inkjet printing, gravure printing, or offset printing, using an ink in which a small amount of carbon black is dispersed in a resin binder such as vinyl, acrylic, urethane, or polyester. The thickness of the transparent smoke printing layer 30 is, for example, 1 μm to 10 μm. The transparent smoke printing layer 30 may also contain a curing agent. In this case, the heat resistance of the transparent smoke printing layer 30 and the adhesion of the transparent smoke printing layer 30 to the second color pattern layer 20 can be improved. Furthermore, the transparent smoke printing layer 30 may contain a weather-resistant agent. Known ultraviolet absorbers and light stabilizers can be used as weather-resistant agents.

[0039] In printed material 2, the image is represented by additive color mixing of the first interference light 15a and 15b generated by the first interference pigments 14a and 14b and the second interference light 25 generated by the second interference pigment 24.

[0040] The total light transmittance of printed material 2 is, for example, 30% to 70%. The total light transmittance referred to here is the value measured using a spectrophotometer (for example, a UV-2100 spectrophotometer manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation).

[0041] In the printed material 2 of the example described above (Example 1-1), the first color pattern layer 10 contains first interference pigments 14a and 14b, and the second color pattern layer 20 contains second interference pigment 24. Therefore, even with a small number of printing layers, a three-dimensional effect can be achieved. Furthermore, in printed material 2, only the first color pattern layer 10 contains interference pigments that generate different interference light from each other, thus simplifying the color matching and registration work during printing. Consequently, printed material 2 allows for the expression of a three-dimensional effect even with a small number of printing layers, and simplifies the color matching and registration work during printing.

[0042] In example 1-1, the printed material 2 includes a translucent smoke printing layer 30 provided on the second color pattern layer 20. This improves the color development between the first color pattern layer 10 and the second color pattern layer 20. Furthermore, because the translucent smoke printing layer 30 is transparent, the decrease in the visibility of the image on the display device 1 is effectively suppressed.

[0043] In example 1-1, each of the first interference pigments 14a, 14b and the second interference pigment 24 contains titanium dioxide-coated mica with a particle size of 25 μm or more and 60 μm or less. When titanium dioxide-coated mica with a particle size of 25 μm or more is included, the transparency and color development of the pattern printing layer 5 can be improved. When titanium dioxide-coated mica with a particle size of 60 μm or less is included, a decrease in the resolution and gradation of the pattern printing layer 5 can be suppressed.

[0044] In the example of 1-1, the content of the multiple first-color pigment chips 13 is within the range of 0.5 parts by weight to 20 parts by weight when the first-color binder 12 is 100 parts by weight, and the content of the multiple second-color pigment chips 23 is within the range of 0.5 parts by weight to 20 parts by weight when the second-color binder is 100 parts by weight. Since the content of the multiple first-color pigment chips 13 is within the range of 0.5 parts by weight or more, the pattern of the first-color pattern layer 10 is well expressed. Since the content of the multiple first-color pigment chips 13 is within the range of 20 parts by weight or less, a decrease in the coating film properties and transparency of the first-color pattern layer 10 can be suppressed. Similarly, since the content of the multiple second-color pigment chips 23 is within the range of 0.5 parts by weight to 20 parts by weight when the second-color binder 22 is 100 parts by weight, the pattern of the second-color pattern layer 20 is well expressed while suppressing a decrease in the coating film properties and transparency of the second-color pattern layer 20.

[0045] In example 1-1, the total light transmittance of printed material 2 is 30% to 70%. When the total light transmittance is 30% or more, when printed material 2 is placed in front of the screen, the image printing layer 5 becomes difficult to see due to the light from the image on the screen, and the image is seen more clearly. When the total light transmittance is 70% or less, even if the screen is black, the image on the image printing layer 5 does not appear dark, which can be suppressed.

[0046] In the example of 1-1, the display device 1 comprises a printed material 2 and a light source 3. According to the display device 1, when the light source 3 is not lit, the pattern on the pattern printing layer 5 is visible, and when the light source 3 is lit, the transmitted light from the light source 3 (pattern display, image display, etc.) is visible.

[0047] In example 1-1, the light source 3 may be a display device. In this case, if the display is not lit, the pattern on the pattern printing layer 5 is visible, and if the display is lit, the transmitted light from the display (pattern display, video display, etc.) is visible.

[0048] As described above, the multiple interference pigments 14a, 14b, and 24 may include pearl pigments. That is, the pattern printing layer 5 may contain multiple different interference pearl pigments (interference pigments 14a, 14b, and 24). Therefore, the printed material 2 comprises a translucent substrate 4 and a pattern printing layer 5, and the pattern printing layer 5 may contain multiple interference pearl pigments. This allows the pattern printing layer 5 to create a three-dimensional effect.

[0049] The pattern printing layer 5 may include a first-color pattern layer 10 containing interference pearl pigment and a second-color pattern layer 20 containing interference pearl pigment. This allows the pattern printing layer 5 to create an even more three-dimensional effect.

[0050] Each of the first color pattern layer 10 and the second color pattern layer 20 may contain multiple interference pearl pigments. This allows the pattern printing layer 5 to have an even greater sense of three-dimensionality. For example, the second color pattern layer 20 may contain other interference pearl pigments in addition to the interference pigment 24.

[0051] The particle sizes of the multiple interference pearl pigments may differ from one another. By including interference pearl pigments of varying particle sizes in this way, the reduction in the transparency of the pattern printing layer 5 is suppressed.

[0052] The particle sizes of the multiple interference pearl pigments may be between 25 μm and 60 μm. In this case, the color development of the pattern on the pattern printing layer 5 can be improved. Furthermore, by suppressing an excessive decrease in the transparency of the pattern printing layer 5, the visibility of the image on the display device can be improved when a display device is used.

[0053] Interference pearl pigments may contain titanium dioxide-coated mica. In this case, the wavelength of interference light can be adjusted by adjusting the thickness of the titanium dioxide film. Furthermore, the brightness can be improved by increasing the smoothness of the mica surface.

[0054] Furthermore, the effect of including multiple interference pearl pigments in the pattern printing layer 5 can be obtained not only in the first example, but also in the second to sixth examples described later.

[0055] [Examples 1-2] In the following, printed material 2A relating to Example 1-2 will be described with reference to Figures 3 and 4. Note that in the description of Example 1-2, descriptions that overlap with Example 1-1 above will be omitted, and only the differences from Example 1-1 will be described. In other words, to the extent technically possible, descriptions from Example 1-1 above may be appropriately used in Example 1-2.

[0056] Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a printed material according to the first and second examples. Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the white pattern layer of the printed material shown in Figure 3. Printed material 2A comprises a translucent substrate 4 and a pattern printing layer 5. Printed material 2A further comprises a white pattern layer 40 provided on the second color pattern layer 20.

[0057] The white pattern layer 40 can be formed on the second color pattern layer 20 by, for example, screen printing, inkjet printing, gravure printing, or offset printing. As shown in Figure 4, the white pattern layer 40 is composed of a plurality of silver dots 41. Here, "dot" refers to a point that constitutes an element of the printed image, and its shape is not limited to circles, but may be rectangular, polygonal, or other shapes. Each of the plurality of silver dots 41 contains a silver binder 42 and a plurality of silver pigment chips 43 dispersed inside the silver binder 42. The content of the plurality of silver pigment chips 43 is, for example, in the range of 0.5 parts by weight or more and 20 parts by weight or less, when the silver binder 42 is 100 parts by weight.

[0058] Examples of silver binders 42 include vinyl resins, acrylic resins, thermoplastic urethane resins, polyester resins, and polycarbonate resins. The thickness of the white pattern layer 40 is, for example, 1 μm to 10 μm. The white pattern layer 40 may contain a curing agent. In this case, the heat resistance of the white pattern layer 40 and the adhesion of the white pattern layer 40 to the second color pattern layer 20 can be improved. The white pattern layer 40 may also contain a weather-resistant agent. Known ultraviolet absorbers and light stabilizers can be used as weather-resistant agents.

[0059] Even with the configuration of the printed material 2A described above, the same effects and advantages as in the example of 1-1 above are achieved. Furthermore, in the example of 1-2, a white pattern layer 40 is provided on the second color pattern layer 20 and is composed of a plurality of silver dots 41, each of which contains a silver binder 42 and a plurality of silver pigment chips 43 dispersed inside the silver binder 42. As a result, the color development of the first color pattern layer 10 and the second color pattern layer 20 is excellent, and the pattern printing layer 5 can have a pattern that gives a whitish impression.

[0060] [Examples 1-3] In the following, the printed material 2B relating to Example 1-3 will be explained with reference to Figure 5. Note that in the explanation of Example 1-3, descriptions that overlap with Examples 1-1 and 1-2 above will be omitted, and only the parts that differ from Examples 1-1 and 1-2 will be described. In other words, to the extent technically possible, descriptions from Examples 1-1 and 1-2 above may be appropriately used in Example 1-3.

[0061] Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a printed material according to the first to third examples. The printed material 2B comprises a translucent substrate 4 and a pattern printing layer 5. That is, the printed material 2B does not include a translucent smoke printing layer 30 and a white pattern layer 40. Even with the configuration of the printed material 2B described above, the same effects and advantages as in the first to first example are achieved.

[0062] [Examples 1-4] In the following, the printed material 2C relating to Example 1-4 will be explained with reference to Figure 6. Note that in the explanation of Example 1-4, descriptions that overlap with Examples 1-1, 1-2, and 1-3 above will be omitted, and only the parts that differ from Examples 1-1, 1-2, and 1-3 will be described. In other words, to the extent technically possible, descriptions from Examples 1-1, 1-2, and 1-3 above may be appropriately used in Example 1-4.

[0063] Figure 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a printed material according to the first to fourth examples. The printed material 2C comprises a translucent substrate 4, a pattern printing layer 5, a white pattern layer 40, and a translucent smoke printing layer 30. The white pattern layer 40 is provided on the second color pattern layer 20, and the translucent smoke printing layer 30 is provided on the white pattern layer 40. Even with the configuration of the printed material 2C described above, the same effects and advantages as those of the first to fourth examples are achieved.

[0064] The display devices and printed materials according to this disclosure are not limited to the examples described above, and various other modifications are possible. For example, the second color pattern layer may include multiple first interference pigments that generate different first interference light from each other, and the first color pattern layer may include a second interference pigment that generates a single-color second interference light different from the color mixture shown by the multiple first interference pigments. Also, in the above examples, the first color pigment chip was two first interference pigments, but the first color pigment chip may be three or more first interference pigments.

[0065] [Second example] [Example 2-1] The printed material and display device in this example may have the same configuration as shown in Figure 1. Therefore, the explanation of the configuration of the printed material and display device in this example that is the same as that of the printed material and display device in Example 1-1 will be omitted. The printed material and display device in Example 2-1 employ the layer configuration shown in Figure 7 instead of the layer configuration shown in Figure 2.

[0066] The first interference pigment 14a comprises a plurality of first titanium dioxide coated mica 18a of small particle size grades including a particle size range of 5 μm to 25 μm, and a second titanium dioxide coated mica 18b of large particle size grades including a particle size range of 25 μm to 40 μm. The first interference pigment 14b comprises a plurality of first titanium dioxide coated mica 16a of small particle size grades including a particle size range of 5 μm to 25 μm, and a plurality of second titanium dioxide coated mica 16b of large particle size grades including a particle size range of 25 μm to 40 μm. The average particle size (D50) of the first titanium dioxide coated mica 18a, 16a is, for example, about 15 μm, and the average particle size (D50) of the second titanium dioxide coated mica 18b, 16b is, for example, about 25 μm. As a result, the average particle size of the first titanium dioxide-coated mica 18a,16a is smaller than the average particle size of the second titanium dioxide-coated mica 18b,16b. The second titanium dioxide-coated mica 18b,16b may include a particle size range of 25 μm to 60 μm. In this case, the average particle size (D50) of the second titanium dioxide-coated mica 18b,16b is, for example, about 35 μm. Each of the multiple first titanium dioxide-coated mica 18a,16a is arranged to fill the gaps between the multiple second titanium dioxide-coated mica 18b,16b, as shown in Figure 7. Here, "particle size" refers to the longest diameter of the particle cross-section.

[0067] When incident light L enters the first color pattern layer 10 from each of the first interference pigments 14a and 14b, two different first interference rays 17a and 17b are generated. That is, the wavelengths of the first interference rays 17a and 17b are different from each other. As a result, the first interference pigments 14a and 14b exhibit color mixing. Each of the first interference pigments 14a and 14b may be, for example, a red interference pigment (red pearl pigment) and a gold interference pigment (gold pearl pigment). In this case, the first interference rays 17a and 17b will each exhibit red and gold colors. Each of the first interference pigments 14a and 14b may be an interference pigment of another color. The proportions of the first interference pigments 14a and 14b may be the same or different from each other.

[0068] As the second color pattern layer 20, you may use one that is similar in nature to the one shown in the first example.

[0069] The second interference pigment 24 includes a plurality of first titanium dioxide coated mica 25a particles of small particle size grade, including a particle size range of 5 μm to 25 μm, and second titanium dioxide coated mica 25b particles of large particle size grade, including a particle size range of 25 μm to 40 μm. The average particle size (D50) of the first titanium dioxide coated mica 25a is, for example, about 15 μm, and the average particle size (D50) of the second titanium dioxide coated mica 25b is, for example, about 25 μm. As a result, the average particle size of the first titanium dioxide coated mica 25a is smaller than the average particle size of the second titanium dioxide coated mica 25b. The second titanium dioxide coated mica 25b may include a particle size range of 25 μm to 60 μm. In this case, the average particle size (D50) of the second titanium dioxide coated mica 25b is, for example, about 35 μm. Each of the multiple first titanium dioxide-coated mica 25a is arranged to fill the gaps between the multiple second titanium dioxide-coated mica 25b. Here, "particle size" refers to the longest diameter of the particle cross-section.

[0070] When incident light L enters the second color pattern layer 20 from the second interference pigment 24, a monochromatic second interference light 26 is generated. As a result, the second interference pigment 24 exhibits a monochromatic color. The second interference pigment 24 can be any interference pigment that generates a monochromatic second interference light 26 different from the mixed colors shown by the first interference pigments 14a and 14b, for example, a green interference pigment (green pearl pigment). In this case, the second interference light 26 exhibits a green color. Note that the second interference pigment 24 may be an interference pigment of a color other than green.

[0071] The transparent smoke printing layer 30 is a layer for attenuating light transmitted through the printed material 2. The transparent smoke printing layer 30 is provided on the outermost surface opposite to the translucent substrate 4 relative to the pattern printing layer 5. In the example of 2-1, the transparent smoke printing layer 30 is provided on the second color pattern layer 20 as shown in Figure 1. The transparent smoke printing layer 30 can be provided on the second color pattern layer 20 by, for example, screen printing, inkjet printing, gravure printing, or offset printing, using an ink in which a small amount of carbon black is dispersed in a resin binder such as vinyl, acrylic, urethane, or polyester. The thickness of the transparent smoke printing layer 30 is, for example, 1 μm to 10 μm. The transparent smoke printing layer 30 may also contain a curing agent. In this case, the heat resistance of the transparent smoke printing layer 30 and the adhesion of the transparent smoke printing layer 30 to the second color pattern layer 20 can be improved. Furthermore, the transparent smoke printing layer 30 may contain a weather-resistant agent. Known ultraviolet absorbers and light stabilizers can be used as weather-resistant agents.

[0072] In printed material 2, the image is represented by additive color mixing of the first interference light 17a and 17b generated by the first interference pigments 14a and 14b and the second interference light 26 generated by the second interference pigment 24.

[0073] The total light transmittance of printed material 2 is, for example, 30% to 70%. The total light transmittance referred to here is the value measured using a spectrophotometer (for example, a UV-2100 spectrophotometer manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation).

[0074] In the printed material 2 according to the example 2-1 described above, in the first color pattern layer 10, each of the multiple first titanium dioxide coated mica 18a, 16a of small particle size grade, including a particle size range of 5 μm to 25 μm, is arranged to fill the gaps between the multiple second titanium dioxide coated mica 18b, 16b of large particle size grade, including a particle size range of 25 μm to 40 μm. In the printed material 2, in the second color pattern layer 20, each of the multiple first titanium dioxide coated mica 25a of small particle size grade, including a particle size range of 5 μm to 25 μm, is arranged to fill the gaps between the multiple second titanium dioxide coated mica 25b of large particle size grade, including a particle size range of 25 μm to 40 μm. Therefore, printed material 2 can provide a pattern with excellent visibility and color development. Furthermore, in printed material 2, the first color pattern layer 10 contains large-particle-size grade second titanium dioxide coated mica 18b,16b, and the second color pattern layer 20 contains large-particle-size grade second titanium dioxide coated mica 25b, thereby suppressing a decrease in the transparency of the pattern printing layer 5. Therefore, according to printed material 2, when the power is turned on, the decrease in the visibility of the image on the display device is well suppressed.

[0075] In example 2-1, the large-particle-size grade second titanium dioxide-coated mica 18b, 16b, and 25b may have a particle size range of 25 μm to 60 μm. In this case, the color development of the pattern is improved. Furthermore, by suppressing an excessive decrease in the transparency of the pattern printing layer 5, the visibility of the image on the display device 1 can be improved when a display device is used.

[0076] In example 2-1, the first interference pigments 14a, 14b, and the second interference pigment 24 are interference pigments containing titanium dioxide-coated mica. Therefore, the wavelength of the interference light can be adjusted by adjusting the thickness of the titanium dioxide film. In addition, the brightness can be improved by increasing the smoothness of the mica surface.

[0077] In the second example, the configuration relating to examples 1-2 to 1-4 in the first example may also be adopted.

[0078] In the above examples, the first interference pigment and the second interference pigment each contained multiple first titanium dioxide-coated mica and multiple second titanium dioxide-coated mica. However, it is sufficient if at least one of the first interference pigment and the second interference pigment contains multiple first titanium dioxide-coated mica and multiple second titanium dioxide-coated mica. Also, in the above examples, the first color pigment chip contained two first interference pigments, but the first color pigment chip may contain three or more first interference pigments. Furthermore, multiple first interference pigments may be mixed together.

[0079] [Example of experiment] Here, we will explain the tendency of how the image on a liquid crystal monitor appears in relation to the particle size of titanium dioxide-coated mica contained in the pattern printing layer, using experimental examples. As shown in Figure 8 and Experimental Examples 1-3 described later, printed materials were prepared with adjusted particle sizes of titanium dioxide-coated mica. Figure 8 is a diagram showing the composition of the printed materials for Experimental Examples 1-3. A liquid crystal monitor was placed on the back side (transparent smoke printing layer side) of the printed materials for Experimental Examples 1-3. The distance between the printed material and the liquid crystal monitor was set to 2 mm. The visibility (items 1-4 described later) with the liquid crystal monitor powered on and off was evaluated. Sensory evaluation was conducted by four people for items 1-4, and the average score was calculated.

[0080] <Experimental Example 1> A printed material was prepared by sequentially applying a first-color pattern layer, a second-color pattern layer, a white pattern layer, and a translucent smoke printing layer on a transparent substrate made of transparent PET. In Experimental Example 1, the first-color pattern layer was formed by screen printing technology using an ink containing a first-color binder (urethane resin) and red interference pigment and gold interference pigment dispersed within the first-color binder. As for the content of the red interference pigment and gold interference pigment, when the first-color binder was 100 parts by weight, the red interference pigment with a particle size of 10 to 40 μm was 8 parts by weight, the red interference pigment with a particle size of 5 to 25 μm was 2 parts by weight, the gold interference pigment with a particle size of 10 to 60 μm was 5 parts by weight, and the gold interference pigment with a particle size of 5 to 25 μm was 2 parts by weight.

[0081] In Experimental Example 1, a second-color pattern layer was formed using screen printing technology with an ink containing a second-color binder (urethane resin) and a green interference pigment dispersed within the second-color binder. The green interference pigment content was as follows: 100 parts by weight of the second-color binder, 4 parts by weight of green interference pigment with a particle size of 10-40 μm, and 1 part by weight of green interference pigment with a particle size of 5-25 μm. The red, gold, and green interference pigments were all titanium dioxide-coated mica.

[0082] In Experimental Example 1, a white pattern layer was formed using screen printing technology with an ink containing a silver binder (urethane resin) and silver pigment chips dispersed within the silver binder. The silver pigment chip content was 1 part by weight of silver pigment chips with a particle size of 5-25 μm for every 100 parts by weight of silver binder. Furthermore, a translucent smoke print layer was formed using screen printing technology with an ink mixture of medium ink and black ink in a 40:1 ratio.

[0083] <Experimental Example 2> A printed material was prepared by sequentially applying a first-color pattern layer, a second-color pattern layer, a white pattern layer, and a translucent smoke printing layer on a transparent substrate made of transparent PET. In Experimental Example 2, the first-color pattern layer was formed by screen printing technology using an ink containing a first-color binder (urethane resin) and red interference pigments and gold interference pigments dispersed within the first-color binder. As for the content of the red interference pigments and gold interference pigments, when the first-color binder was 100 parts by weight, the red interference pigment with a particle size of 10 to 40 μm was 8 parts by weight, the red interference pigment with a particle size of 5 to 25 μm was 2 parts by weight, the gold interference pigment with a particle size of 10 to 60 μm was 5 parts by weight, and the gold interference pigment with a particle size of 5 to 25 μm was 2 parts by weight.

[0084] In Experimental Example 2, a second-color pattern layer was formed using screen printing technology with an ink containing a second-color binder (urethane resin) and a green interference pigment dispersed within the second-color binder. The green interference pigment content was 4 parts by weight of green interference pigment with a particle size of 10-40 μm per 100 parts by weight of the second-color binder. The red, gold, and green interference pigments were all titanium dioxide-coated mica.

[0085] In Experimental Example 2, a white pattern layer was formed using screen printing technology with an ink containing a silver binder (urethane resin) and silver pigment chips dispersed within the silver binder. The silver pigment chip content was 1 part by weight of silver pigment chips with a particle size of 5-25 μm for every 100 parts by weight of silver binder. Furthermore, a translucent smoke print layer was formed using screen printing technology with an ink mixture of medium ink and black ink in a 40:1 ratio.

[0086] <Experimental Example 3> A printed material was prepared by sequentially applying a first-color pattern layer, a second-color pattern layer, and a translucent smoke printing layer on a transparent substrate made of transparent PET. In Experimental Example 3, the first-color pattern layer was formed by screen printing using an ink containing a first-color binder (urethane resin) and a green interference pigment dispersed within the first-color binder. As for the content of the green interference pigment, when the first-color binder was 100 parts by weight, 4 parts by weight of green interference pigment with a particle size of 10 to 40 μm and 1 part by weight of green interference pigment with a particle size of 5 to 25 μm were used.

[0087] In Experimental Example 3, a second-color pattern layer was formed using screen printing technology with an ink containing a second-color binder (urethane resin) and red and gold interference pigments dispersed within the second-color binder. The content of the red and gold interference pigments was as follows: 8 parts by weight of red interference pigment with a particle size of 10-40 μm and 5 parts by weight of gold interference pigment with a particle size of 10-60 μm, based on 100 parts by weight of the second-color binder.

[0088] In Experimental Example 3, a transparent smoke print layer was formed using screen printing technology with an ink mixture of medium ink and black ink in a 40:1 ratio.

[0089] <Item 1: Regarding the clarity of the displayed content> We evaluated the clarity of the images and text displayed on the LCD monitor when the LCD monitor was powered on. <Rating> 5 points: The image on the LCD monitor is not very prominent compared to the images and text displayed, making the images and text appear clearer. 3 points: The image on the LCD monitor is somewhat overpowering compared to the images and text displayed, and the image appears to slightly overlap with the images and text. 1. The image on the LCD monitor is too prominent compared to the images and text displayed, making it appear as if the image is overlapping with the images and text.

[0090] <Item 2: Brightness of Displayed Content> We evaluated the brightness of the images and text displayed on the LCD monitor when the LCD monitor was powered on. <Rating> 5 points: The images and text displayed on the LCD monitor appear bright. 3 points: The images and text displayed on the LCD monitor appear somewhat dim. 1. The images and text displayed on the LCD monitor appear quite dark.

[0091] <Item 3: Regarding the impact of black LCD monitors> We evaluated the effect of the black color of the LCD monitor on the image when the LCD monitor's power is turned off. <Rating> 5 points: The black color on the LCD monitor does not interfere with the image, and the picture is clearly visible. 3 points: The black color of the LCD monitor has a slight effect, making the image appear somewhat dark and subdued (transparency is slightly high). 1 point: The black color of the LCD monitor is noticeable, making the image appear quite dark and muted (high transparency).

[0092] <Item 4: Regarding the color reproduction of the design> We evaluated the color reproduction of images when the LCD monitor was turned off. <Rating> 5 points: The colors of the design are vibrant. 3 points: The colors of the design are somewhat weak, and the colors of the design appear pale (whitish). 1 point: The colors of the design are weak, and the colors of the design appear white.

[0093] Table 1 below shows the results of the sensory evaluation of items 1-4 for Experimental Examples 1-3. Items with a rating of 3 or higher were judged to be at a level acceptable for practical use. Experimental Example 1 revealed that the influence of the black liquid crystal monitor on the image was quite low, and the visibility of the image tended to be expressed at a sufficiently high level. Furthermore, high evaluation results were obtained for the color reproduction of the image and the clarity and brightness of the image and text display. On the other hand, Experimental Examples 2 and 3 revealed that while the influence of the black liquid crystal monitor on the image was kept low, the color reproduction of the image and the clarity and brightness of the image and text display tended to be generally good.

[0094] [Table 1]

[0095] [Third example] [Example 3-1] The printed material and display device in this example may have the same configuration as shown in Figure 1. Therefore, the explanation of the configuration of the printed material and display device in this example that is the same as that of the printed material and display device in Example 1-1 will be omitted. The printed material and display device in this example employ the layer configuration shown in Figure 9 instead of the layer configuration shown in Figure 2.

[0096] The first color pattern layer 10 can be applied to the surface 4a by, for example, screen printing, inkjet printing, gravure printing, or offset printing. As shown in Figure 9, the first color pattern layer 10 is composed of a plurality of first color dots 11. Here, "dot" refers to a point that constitutes an element of the printed image, and its shape is not limited to circles, but can be rectangular, polygonal, or other shapes. Each of the plurality of first color dots 11 contains a first color binder 12 and a plurality of first color pigment chips 13 dispersed inside the first color binder 12. The content of the plurality of first color pigment chips 13 is, for example, in the range of 0.5 parts by weight or more and 20 parts by weight or less, when the first color binder 12 is 100 parts by weight. In this case, the pattern of the first color pattern layer 10 can be expressed well while suppressing a decrease in the coating film properties and transparency of the first color pattern layer 10.

[0097] In the example of 3-1, the multiple first-color pigment chips 13 are interference pigments 14 (first interference pigments) that generate monochromatic interference light of a predetermined color. The interference pigment 14 is composed of a thin film (not shown) that transmits visible light and a metal oxide film (not shown) that covers the thin film. Of the light incident from the translucent substrate 4 to the first-color pattern layer 10, the light reflected at the surface of the metal oxide film and the light that passes through the metal oxide film and is reflected at the surface of the thin film interfere with each other, generating interference light. By adjusting the thickness of the metal oxide film and the refractive index of the metal oxide film, interference light with a desired wavelength can be generated.

[0098] When incident light E enters the first color pattern layer 10 from the interference pigment 14, monochromatic interference light 15 (first interference light) is generated. As a result, the interference pigment 14 exhibits a monochromatic appearance.

[0099] The second color pattern layer 20 can be applied on the first color pattern layer 10 by, for example, screen printing, inkjet printing, gravure printing, or offset printing. As shown in Figure 9, the second color pattern layer 20 is composed of a plurality of second color dots 21. Here, "dot" refers to a point that constitutes an element of the printed image, and its shape is not limited to circles, but can be rectangular, polygonal, or other shapes. Each of the plurality of second color dots 21 contains a second color binder 22 and a plurality of second color pigment chips 23 dispersed inside the second color binder 22. The content of the plurality of second color pigment chips 23 is, for example, in the range of 0.5 parts by weight or more and 20 parts by weight or less, when the second color binder 22 is 100 parts by weight. The pattern of the second color pattern layer 20 can be expressed well while suppressing a decrease in the coating film properties and transparency of the second color pattern layer 20.

[0100] When incident light E enters the second color pattern layer 20 from the interference pigment 24 (second interference pigment), monochromatic interference light 25 (second interference light) is generated. As a result, the interference pigment 24 exhibits a monochromatic color. The interference pigment 24 can be any interference pigment that generates monochromatic interference light 25 that is different in color from the interference pigment 14.

[0101] The total light transmittance of printed material 2 is, for example, 30% to 70%. The total light transmittance referred to here is the value measured using a spectrophotometer (for example, a UV-2100 spectrophotometer manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation). When the total light transmittance is 30% or more, when printed material 2 is placed in front of the screen, the image printing layer 5 becomes difficult to see due to the light from the image on the screen, and the image is seen more clearly. When the total light transmittance is 70% or less, even if the screen is black, the image on the image printing layer 5 does not appear dark, which can be suppressed.

[0102] Next, the color combinations in the pattern printing layer 5 will be explained with reference to Figures 10 and 11. Figure 10(a) is a schematic diagram showing the color combinations of the pattern printing layer 5. Figure 10(b) is a schematic diagram showing the color combinations of the pattern printing layer 105 according to an example for comparison. Figure 11 is a schematic diagram showing a specific example of the color combinations of the pattern printing layer 5.

[0103] As shown in Figure 10(a), the first color pattern layer 10 contains a single-color "color A" interference pigment, generating interference light of single-color "color A". The second color pattern layer 20 contains a single-color "color B" interference pigment, generating interference light of single-color "color B". Color B is a different color from color A. Therefore, in printed material 2, the image is represented by additive color mixing of the interference light of color A and the interference light of color B.

[0104] In the example shown in Figure 11(a), "gold" is used as color A of the first color pattern layer 10, and "red" is used as color B of the second color pattern layer 20. The printed material 2 may express a wood grain pattern as an image by additive color mixing of gold and red. Because the first color pattern layer 10 is gold, a light wood grain can be expressed. In this case, the interference pigment 14 shown in Figure 9 is, for example, a gold interference pigment (gold pearl pigment). The interference light 15 shows gold. The interference pigment 24 is, for example, a red interference pigment (red pearl pigment). The interference light 25 shows red.

[0105] In the example shown in Figure 11(b), "red" is used as color A in the first color pattern layer 10, and "gold" is used as color B in the second color pattern layer 20. Printed material 2 may represent a wood grain pattern as an image by additive color mixing of red and gold. Because the first color pattern layer 10 is red, a wood grain with a slightly reddish tint can be represented.

[0106] In the example shown in Figure 11(c), "silver" is used as color A of the first color pattern layer 10, and "gold" is used as color B of the second color pattern layer 20. The printed material 2 may express a hairline pattern as a design by additive color mixing of silver and gold. Because the second color pattern layer 20 is gold, the normal stainless steel hairline can be adjusted to a gold tone. Note that the interference pigment 14 shown in Figure 9 is, for example, a silver interference pigment (silver pearl pigment). The interference light 15 shows silver.

[0107] In the example shown in Figure 11(d), "silver" is used as color A of the first color pattern layer 10, and "red" is used as color B of the second color pattern layer 20. Printed material 2 may express a hairline pattern as a design by additive color mixing of silver and red. By making the second color pattern layer 20 red, the stainless steel hairline can be adjusted to a bronze tone.

[0108] In the example shown in Figure 11(e), "gold" is used as color A in the first color pattern layer 10, and "silver" is used as color B in the second color pattern layer 20. Printed material 2 may express a hairline pattern as an image by additive color mixing of gold and silver. By using gold (or a color containing gold) for the first color pattern layer 10, a finish that more emphasizes the gold tone can be achieved.

[0109] In the printed material 2 according to the example 3-1 described above, the first color pattern layer 10 includes an interference pigment 14 that generates monochromatic interference light 15, and the second color pattern layer 20 includes an interference pigment 24 that generates monochromatic interference light 25 that is different from the color shown by the interference pigment 14. Here, as an example for comparison, as shown in Figure 10(b), we give printed material 102 in which the first color pattern layer 10 includes interference pigments of color X and color Y, and the second color pattern layer 20 includes an interference pigment of color Z. For example, when representing a pattern like the one described in Figure 11 with the configuration of the example for comparison, it is necessary to adjust the three colors X, Y, and Z, which makes the color matching and registration work during printing time-consuming. On the other hand, for patterns that can be represented with fewer colors, as in Figure 11, by limiting the interference pigments included in the first color pattern layer 10 and the second color pattern layer 20 to monochromatic, as in printed material 2 according to this example, it is possible to represent the pattern using only the intensity of the monochromatic color. In this way, the color matching and registration work during printing can be simplified. Therefore, according to this printed material 2, the color matching and registration processes during printing can be simplified.

[0110] In the third example, the configuration relating to examples 1-2 to 1-4 in the first example may also be adopted.

[0111] [Example 4] [Example 4-1] The printed material and display device in this example may adopt a configuration similar to that shown in Figure 1. Therefore, the explanation of the configuration of the printed material and display device in this example that is similar to that of the printed material and display device in Example 1-1 will be omitted. The printed material and display device in this example adopt the layer configuration shown in Figure 12 instead of the layer configuration shown in Figure 2.

[0112] The first color pattern layer 10 can be formed on surface 4a by, for example, screen printing, inkjet printing, gravure printing, or offset printing. As shown in Figure 12, the first color pattern layer 10 is composed of a plurality of first color dots 11. Here, "dot" refers to a point that constitutes an element of the printed image, and its shape is not limited to circles, but can be rectangular, polygonal, or other shapes. Each of the plurality of first color dots 11 contains a first color binder 12 and a plurality of first color pigment chips 13 dispersed inside the first color binder 12. The content of the plurality of first color pigment chips 13 is, for example, in the range of 0.5 parts by weight to 20 parts by weight when the first color binder 12 is 100 parts by weight. In this case, the pattern of the first color pattern layer 10 can be expressed well while suppressing a decrease in the coating film properties and transparency of the first color pattern layer 10.

[0113] In the example of 4-1, the multiple first-color pigment chips 13 are interference pigments 14 (second interference pigments) that generate monochromatic interference light of a predetermined color. The interference pigment 14 is the same color as either of the interference pigments 24a or 24b (first interference pigments) described later. The interference pigment 14 is composed of a thin flake (not shown) that transmits visible light and a metal oxide film (not shown) that covers the flake. The light incident from the translucent substrate 4 to the first-color pattern layer 10 interferes with the light reflected at the surface of the metal oxide film and the light that passes through the metal oxide film and is reflected at the surface of the flake, generating interference light. By adjusting the thickness of the metal oxide film and the refractive index of the metal oxide film, interference light with a desired wavelength can be generated.

[0114] When incident light E enters the first color pattern layer 10 from the interference pigment 14, monochromatic interference light 15 (second interference light) is generated. As a result, the interference pigment 14 exhibits a monochromatic appearance.

[0115] The second color pattern layer 20 can be applied on the first color pattern layer 10 by, for example, screen printing, inkjet printing, gravure printing, or offset printing. As shown in Figure 12, the second color pattern layer 20 is composed of a plurality of second color dots 21. Here, "dot" refers to a point that constitutes an element of the printed image, and its shape is not limited to circles, but can be rectangular, polygonal, or other shapes. Each of the plurality of second color dots 21 contains a second color binder 22 and a plurality of second color pigment chips 23 dispersed inside the second color binder 22. The content of the plurality of second color pigment chips 23 is, for example, in the range of 0.5 parts by weight to 20 parts by weight when the second color binder 22 is 100 parts by weight. The pattern of the second color pattern layer 20 can be expressed well while suppressing a decrease in the coating film properties and transparency of the second color pattern layer 20.

[0116] In the example of 4-1, the multiple second-color pigment chips 23 are multiple-color interference pigments 24a, 24b that generate different interference light from each other. Each of the interference pigments 24a, 24b consists of a thin film (not shown) that transmits visible light and a metal oxide film (not shown) that covers the thin film. The light incident from the translucent substrate 4 to the second-color pattern layer 20 that is reflected at the surface of the metal oxide film interferes with the light that passes through the metal oxide film and is reflected at the surface of the thin film, generating interference light. By adjusting the thickness of the metal oxide film and the refractive index of the metal oxide film, interference light with a desired wavelength can be generated.

[0117] In example 4-1, the interference pigments 24a and 24b are titanium dioxide-coated mica. The particle size range of the titanium dioxide-coated mica includes, for example, a range of 25 μm to 60 μm. Here, "particle size" refers to the longest diameter of the particle cross-section. The flakes constituting the interference pigments 24a and 24b may be other than mica, for example, silica, alumina, glass, or polysilicate. The metal oxide film constituting the interference pigments 24a and 24b may be other than titanium dioxide, for example, zirconium oxide, zinc oxide, iron oxide, or tin oxide.

[0118] When incident light E enters the second color pattern layer 20 from each of the interference pigments 24a and 24b, two different interference lights 125a and 125b (first interference light) are generated. That is, the wavelengths of the interference lights 125a and 125b are different from each other. As a result, the interference pigments 24a and 24b exhibit color mixing. The proportions of interference pigments 24a and 24b may be the same or different. Interference pigment 24a may be any interference pigment that generates an interference light 125a of the same monochromatic color as the interference pigment 14. Alternatively, interference pigment 24b may be an interference pigment that generates an interference light 126b of the same monochromatic color as the interference pigment 14.

[0119] The total light transmittance of printed material 2 is, for example, 30% to 70%. The total light transmittance referred to here is the value measured using a spectrophotometer (for example, a UV-2100 spectrophotometer manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation). When the total light transmittance is 30% or more, when printed material 2 is placed in front of the screen, the image printing layer 5 becomes difficult to see due to the light from the image on the screen, and the image is seen more clearly. When the total light transmittance is 70% or less, even if the screen is black, the image on the image printing layer 5 does not appear dark, which can be suppressed.

[0120] Next, the color combinations in the pattern printing layer 5 will be explained with reference to Figures 13 and 14. Figures 13(a) and 13(b) are schematic diagrams showing the color combinations of the pattern printing layer 5. Figure 13(c) is a schematic diagram showing the color combinations of the pattern printing layer 105 in a comparative example. Figure 14 is a schematic diagram showing a specific example of the color combinations of the pattern printing layer 5.

[0121] As shown in Figure 13(a), the first color pattern layer 10 contains a single-color "color A" interference pigment, generating interference light of single-color "color A". The second color pattern layer 20 contains single-color "color A" and single-color "color B" interference pigments, generating interference light of a mixture of "color A" and "color B". Color B is a different color from color A. Therefore, in printed material 2, the image is represented by additive color mixing of the interference light of color A and the interference light of both color A and color B.

[0122] Alternatively, as shown in Figure 13(b), the second color pattern layer 20 contains a single-color "color A" interference pigment, generating interference light of single-color "color A". The first color pattern layer 10 contains single-color "color A" and single-color "color B" interference pigments, generating interference light of a mixture of "color A" and "color B". Color B is a different color from color A. Therefore, in printed material 2, the image is represented by additive color mixing of the interference light of color A and the interference light of both color A and color B.

[0123] In the example shown in Figure 14(a), "gold" is used as color A in the first color pattern layer 10, and "gold" is used as color A and "red" as color B in the second color pattern layer 20. The printed material 2 may represent a wood grain pattern as an image by additive color mixing of gold and red. By making the first color pattern layer 10 gold, a light wood grain can be represented. In this case, the interference pigments 14 and 24a shown in Figure 12 are, for example, gold interference pigments (gold pearl pigments). The interference light 15 and 125a show gold. The interference pigment 24b is, for example, a red interference pigment (red pearl pigment). The interference light 126b shows red.

[0124] In the example shown in Figure 14(b), "red" is used as color A in the first color pattern layer 10, and "red" is used as color A and "gold" as color B in the second color pattern layer 20. Printed material 2 may represent a wood grain pattern as an image by additive color mixing of red and gold. Because the first color pattern layer 10 is red, a wood grain with a slightly reddish tint can be represented.

[0125] In the example shown in Figure 14(c), "silver" is used as color A in the first color pattern layer 10, and "silver" is used as color A and "gold" as color B in the second color pattern layer 20. Printed material 2 may express a hairline pattern as a design by additive color mixing of silver and gold. By including gold in the second color pattern layer 20, the normal stainless steel hairline can be adjusted to a gold tone. Note that the interference pigments 14 and 24a shown in Figure 12 are, for example, silver interference pigments (silver pearl pigments). Interference light 15 and interference light 126a show silver.

[0126] In the example shown in Figure 14(d), "silver" is used as color A in the first color pattern layer 10, and "silver" is used as color A and "red" as color B in the second color pattern layer 20. Printed material 2 may express a hairline pattern as a design by additive color mixing of silver and red. By including red in the second color pattern layer 20, the stainless steel hairline can be adjusted to a bronze tone.

[0127] In the example shown in Figure 14(e), "silver" is used as color A and "gold" as color B in the first color pattern layer 10, and "silver" is used as color A in the second color pattern layer 20. Printed material 2 may express a hairline pattern as an image by additive color mixing of gold and silver. By including gold (or a color containing gold) in the first color pattern layer 10, a finish that more emphasizes the gold tone can be achieved.

[0128] In the printed material 2 according to the example 4-1 described above, since either the first color pattern layer 10 or the second color pattern layer 20 contains multiple interference pigments that generate interference light of different colors A and B, a three-dimensional image can be achieved even with a small number of printing layers. Furthermore, in this printed material 2, since only one of the first color pattern layer 10 or the second color pattern layer 20 needs to contain interference pigments that generate multiple interference lights, the color matching and registration work during printing can be simplified. On the other hand, the other of the first color pattern layer 10 and the second color pattern layer 20 contains an interference pigment that generates monochromatic interference light of the same color A as any of the multiple interference pigments. Here, as a comparative example, as shown in Figure 13(c), printed material 102 is given in which the first color pattern layer 10 contains interference pigments of colors X and Y, and the second color pattern layer 20 contains an interference pigment of color Z. For example, when representing a pattern like the one explained in Figure 14 using the configuration of the comparative example, it is necessary to adjust three colors, X, Y, and Z, which makes color matching and registration work during printing time-consuming. On the other hand, for patterns that can be represented with fewer colors, as in Figure 14, by focusing on the same single color A using the interference pigment in the first color pattern layer 10 and the interference pigment in the second color pattern layer 20, it becomes possible to represent the pattern by varying the intensity of the single color A. Furthermore, when it is desired to emphasize the hue of color A, using two layers, the first color pattern layer 10 and the second color pattern layer 20, makes it easier to adjust the hue than adjusting with only one color pattern layer. In addition, if too much interference pigment is added to a single color pattern layer, the strength of the coating film decreases, but by using two color pattern layers 10 and 20, this decrease in strength can be suppressed. As a result, color matching and registration work during printing can be simplified.

[0129] In the fourth example, the configuration relating to examples 1-2 to 1-4 in the first example may also be adopted.

[0130] Printed materials and display devices are not limited to the examples described above, and various other modifications are possible.

[0131] A sheet comprising a pattern layer and an opacity layer may be used as the printed material. The opacity layer is a layer that hides the color of the display device when the image is not displayed, while allowing the image to be displayed when the image is displayed. The opacity layer is set to a visible light transmittance within a predetermined range. Openings are formed in the opacity layer. The opacity layer may be printed using an inkjet device, for example, with a white ink containing titanium dioxide. Specifically, the opacity layer may be printed on the back of the pattern layer, for example, with solid white printing. An inkjet device can be used as an example of a printing method, but it is not limited to this. In addition to inkjet printing, various printing methods such as gravure printing, offset printing, letterpress printing, flexographic printing, screen printing, and electrostatic printing may be applied. The printing method is not limited to the printing method exemplified above, and any conventionally known image forming means can be applied, such as hand-drawing, suminagashi (marbling), transfer, photography, electrophotography, photosensitive resin, vacuum deposition, chemical etching, thermochromic, and discharge destruction. The pattern layer is formed on the surface of the opacity layer using a printing method and is provided for the purpose of adding design to the printed material. The pattern layer may be applied to the entire surface as long as it has a certain degree of light transmittance. Since the pattern layer does not require openings like the opacity layer, a high-definition design can be provided. Specifically, the pattern layer can be printed using an inkjet device, and the desired pattern may be printed using four colors of ink, such as cyan, magenta, yellow, and black. Although an inkjet device has been exemplified as the printing method for the pattern layer, it is not limited to this, and various printing methods can be applied, similar to the opacity layer. The printed material can adopt any known structure as long as it can perform the above functions.

[0132] Referring to Figure 15, the opacity and visibility of the printed material 2 will be explained in more detail. Note that the explanation based on Figure 15 is merely an illustrative use to explain the properties of the printed material 2. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to such uses. Figures 15(a) and 15(b) show the light source 3 covered by the printed material 2, viewed from the front. Figure 15(a) shows the state when the power to the light source 3 is OFF. Figure 15(b) shows the state when the power to the light source 3 is ON. Here, a wood grain pattern is used as the design for the printed material 2. A display device is used as the light source 3. The area of ​​the printed material 2 that covers the light source 3 is called the display area DE. As shown in Figure 15(a), when the power to the light source 3 is OFF, the light source 3 is concealed by the design of the printed material 2. The printed material 2 conceals the light source 3 not by a light-shielding layer that blocks light, but by the light-transmitting design layer itself. Therefore, the visual information V1 displayed in display area DE is the pattern of the printed material 2. At this time, the observer cannot see the display surface (black screen) of the light source 3, nor the outline of the light source 3, from outside the printed material 2. The visual information V1 visible in display area DE, and the visual information V2 visible in the area surrounding display area DE, are the same as the pattern of the printed material 2. Therefore, the observer cannot see the presence of the light source 3 from outside the printed material 2.

[0133] As shown in Figure 15(b), when the power to the light source 3 is ON, the light source 3 emits light and projects an arbitrary image GF onto the display surface. Here, the letter "X" shown on a solid-color background is used as the image GF. In the display area DE, the light of image GF passes through the printed material 2. As a result, the observer sees the image GF by viewing the transmitted light in the display area DE. Therefore, the visual information V3 displayed in the display area DE is the image GF projected by the light source 3. The content of visual information V3 may include information not included in the content of visual information V1. In this case, visual information V3 may consist only of light transmitted through the pattern of the printed material 2.

[0134] For example, as a comparative example, a sheet that displays the visual information "X" using a light source may be made by cutting out a part of the light-shielding layer in the shape of "X" to form a light-transmitting layer (different from printed material 2 in this embodiment). In such a sheet and a light source such as a lamp, the visual information V3 obtained consists of the pattern on the surface of the light-shielding layer for the background portion, and the "X" portion is made up of the light from the light source that has passed through the light-transmitting layer. Alternatively, as a comparative example, a sheet may be made in which a light-shielding layer in the shape of "X" is formed on a part of the light-transmitting layer. In such a sheet, the visual information V3 obtained consists of the light from the light source that has passed through the light-transmitting layer for the background portion, and the "X" portion is made up of the pattern on the surface of the light-shielding layer. In the comparative example, the visual information V3 is made up of a combination of the light that has passed through the sheet and the reflected light from the sheet surface in the area where the light is shielded. Furthermore, when using a sheet like the comparative example, even when the power to the light source is OFF, the sheet itself is formed in a way that makes the shape of "X" visible, so the visual information V1 also contains the content of "X". Therefore, the content of visual information V3 is already included within visual information V1.

[0135] Unlike the sheet using a light-shielding layer as in the comparative example, the visual information V3 in Figure 15(b) using printed material 2 is composed entirely of light transmitted through printed material 2. Note that the printed material 2 shown in Figure 15 may be composed entirely of a layer that forms a light-transmitting pattern, or at least the entire display area DE may be composed of a layer that forms a light-transmitting pattern. However, even in printed material 2, a light-shielding layer may be provided in a part of the display area DE, or a light-shielding layer may be provided in a part of an area other than the display area DE.

[0136] There are display devices that form a pattern in anticipation of the content of the image of the light source 3, and when the power to the light source 3 is turned ON, they form visual information V3 by combining the pattern and the image. In the example shown in Figure 15, the purpose is to make the presence of the light source 3 undetectable from the outside, so the visual information V3 in Figure 15(b) is different from the visual information V3 formed by such a combination. However, depending on the brightness of the image and the color of some areas, it is permissible for the pattern to be faintly reflected in all or part of the visual information V3. Also, for purposes other than those shown in Figure 15, a visual information V3 may be adopted in which the pattern and image of the printed material 2 work together in cooperation. When a touch panel is used as the light source 3, the user operates the touch panel via the printed material 2. Therefore, the printed material 2 may be set to a thickness, material, and hardness that does not hinder touch panel operation.

[0137] First, before describing the characteristics of the printed material according to the embodiment of the present invention, we will describe the measurements and experiments that led to the discovery of these characteristics.

[0138] As shown in Figure 16, samples were prepared for the experiment. Samples relating to examples printed to form a patterned print layer, as described in Figures 1 to 15, which can be used in the present invention, may be referred to as "Double View Film (WVF)". On the other hand, a comparative example print layer (not having the pattern layer structure described in Figures 1 to 15) was printed using inkjet technology. Therefore, samples relating to the comparative example may be referred to as "Inkjet (IJ)". As shown in Figure 16(a), four print layers SPA1 to SPA4 were printed on the BSA substrate. The pigment concentrations of print layers SPA1 to SPA4 were 100%, 75%, 50%, and 25%, respectively. Areas without a print layer were used as samples with a pigment concentration of 0%. Samples with the BSA substrate replaced with PET and embossed were also prepared. The sample with the BSA substrate replaced with PET is referred to as "Sample WVF·PET". The sample with the BSA substrate embossed is referred to as "Sample WVF·ENB". As shown in Figure 16(b), four printing layers SPB1 to SPB4 were printed on the substrate BSB by inkjet printing. The pigment concentrations of the printing layers SPB1 to SPB4 were 100%, 75%, 50%, and 25%, respectively. Areas where no printing layer was formed were used as samples with a pigment concentration of 0%. Samples of this type were prepared with the substrate BSB made of PET and with an embossed substrate. The sample with the substrate BSB made of PET is referred to as "Sample IJ·PET". The sample with the substrate BSB embossed is referred to as "Sample IJ·ENB".

[0139] Next, the angles used in the experiment will be explained with reference to Figure 17. As shown in Figure 17, a measurement point DP is set at a predetermined location on the printed material 2. At this time, a reference axis SL1 is set in a direction perpendicular to the printed material 2 with respect to the measurement point DP. An arbitrary direction DL1 is set that passes through the measurement point DP and is inclined from the reference axis SL1. At this time, the angle that the arbitrary direction DL1 makes with respect to the reference axis SL1 is called the "zenith angle θ1". In addition, an arbitrary reference axis SL2 is set on the surface of the printed material 2 with the measurement point DP as the origin. The position of the reference axis SL1 in one direction is called "0°", and the angle around the measurement point DP is called the "azimuth angle θ2".

[0140] Next, we will explain the various measurements used to evaluate each of the samples mentioned above. First, we will explain what measurements are performed to evaluate each sample. As a result of diligent research, the inventors have found that it is preferable to evaluate in L*a*b space rather than based on the distorted xy space. The measuring device is not particularly limited, but here we used the spectroscopic color difference meter "GC5000" (manufactured by Nippon Denshoku Industries Co., Ltd.) as the measuring device. A white spot light was used as the light source. Under the condition of "D50", light was incident on the measurement point DP from a position with a "zenith angle θ1 = 35deg". Note that "D50" refers to the CIE standard light source D50, which is a standard light defined by the CIE (International Commission on Illumination) for color measurement. In particular, it is widely used as a standard light source for daylight simulation in industries such as color inspection, color evaluation, color proofing, color verification in printing and manufacturing, and print certification. Black PET was used as the back surface of each sample during measurement to enhance specular reflection. The light spot diameter at the measurement point was set to 8 mm. The measurement resolution (angle resolution) was measured in 2.5-degree increments. The angle of the light receiving unit relative to the measurement point DP was set to "azimuth angle θ2 = 90 degrees" and "zenith angle θ1 = 0 to 40 degrees". In the following explanation, the zenith angle of the light receiving unit relative to the measurement point DP may be referred to as the "receiving angle". White plate correction was applied to the measurement results (xy). The "GC5000" manufactured by Nippon Denshoku Industries, Ltd. is a spectroscopic colorimeter designed for measuring the color of samples. This device automatically moves to an arbitrarily set receiving angle and can continuously measure spectral reflectance and spectral transmittance at each angle. Furthermore, this device can calculate and graph various color values ​​from the obtained data, enabling detailed analysis of the optical characteristics of the sample.

[0141] Using the measuring device described above, the chromaticity (a) of different pigment concentrations was measured. * b * The changes in ) and the changes in brightness at different densities were measured. Figure 18 shows a * b * A chromaticity diagram is shown. The horizontal axis is "a * The vertical axis is set to "b *" is set. When the point P indicating the measurement result of the chromaticity diagram is determined, the hue is obtained based on the angle, and the chroma is obtained based on the distance to the center (coordinates (0,0)).

[0142] Next, referring to FIGS. 19 and 20, the measurement results of the a * b * transition for each sample will be described. The horizontal axis is a * and the vertical axis is b * FIG. 19(a) is a graph showing the measurement results for the sample WVF·PET. FIG. 19(b) is a graph showing the measurement results for the sample WVF·ENB. FIG. 20(a) is a graph showing the measurement results for the sample IJ·PET. FIG. 20(b) is a graph showing the measurement results for the sample IJ·ENB. In each graph, the plotted points shown larger than other plotted points are the measurement results when the light-receiving angle is 0 deg (vertical light reception). From here, the light-receiving part was moved to the position of specular reflection in 2.5 deg increments per plot, and the transitions of each plot were connected by lines and shown.

[0143] As shown in FIG. 19, for the samples of the double-view film, all had a shape like the character "tsu" (extending in a predetermined direction, turning in a U shape, and returning in the opposite direction to the predetermined direction). This means having conditions with high vividness at angles other than specular reflection. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 20, for the samples of inkjet, all had a shape like the character "no" (extending gently curved in a predetermined direction). This means that simply by tilting the viewing point from specular reflection, the color fades.

[0144] Next, the difference in the transition between the sample of the double-view film and the sample of the inkjet obtained as described above was quantified. Specifically, a graph showing the change in chroma was created. Note that the chroma is "sqrt(a 2 +b 2The results were obtained using the following method: The horizontal axis represents the angle of light reception, and the vertical axis represents saturation. Figure 21(a) is a graph showing the measurement results for the WVF·PET sample. Figure 21(b) is a graph showing the measurement results for the WVF·ENB sample. Figure 22(a) is a graph showing the measurement results for the IJ·PET sample. Figure 22(b) is a graph showing the measurement results for the IJ·ENB sample. As shown in Figure 21, for the double-view film samples, a mountain-shaped (i.e., convex upward) peak was observed in the graph for each density. For the double-view film samples, the peak position shifted towards specular reflection as the density increased. Also, the peak value of saturation increased with increasing density. As shown in Figure 22, for the inkjet samples, no arbitrary trend was observed in the peak position between densities, and the saturation decreased downward from near specular reflection. Also, the saturation itself was generally low, and no difference in trend was observed depending on the density. These results, which determine saturation using absolute values ​​(sum of squares), do not provide information about the "direction" of the transition. Without considering the direction, it is difficult to compare the 0% measurement result in double-view film with other densities.

[0145] Based on the above, graphs focusing on the changes in the a-value and b-value were created. The horizontal axis represents the light reception angle, and the vertical axis represents the a-value or b-value. Figure 23(a) is a graph showing the measurement results of the a-value for the WVF·PET sample. Figure 23(b) is a graph showing the measurement results of the a-value for the WVF·ENB sample. Figure 24(a) is a graph showing the measurement results of the b-value for the WVF·PET sample. Figure 24(b) is a graph showing the measurement results of the b-value for the WVF·ENB sample. Figure 25(a) is a graph showing the measurement results of the a-value for the IJ·PET sample. Figure 25(b) is a graph showing the measurement results of the a-value for the IJ·ENB sample. Figure 26(a) is a graph showing the measurement results of the b-value for the IJ·PET sample. Figure 26(b) is a graph showing the measurement results of the b-value for the IJ·ENB sample.

[0146] The graphs of the a-value and b-value for the double-view film samples both show a bell-shaped peak in the range of light-receiving angles from 0 to 30 degrees. The light-receiving angles and a-values ​​at the peaks of the graphs from 100% to 0% for the WVF·PET and WVF·ENB samples were determined, and the first and third approximation lines were set for the range from 0 degrees to the peak, and the second and fourth approximation lines were set for the range from the peak to 30 degrees. The slope of each approximation line was then calculated.

[0147] Here, Figure 31 shows the calculation results of the slopes of the first to fourth approximation lines for each sample. Note that the notation "wvf pet 000p p1 ref_sx.txt" in "Sample Name" means "wvf (identification of WVF and IJ), pet (identification of PET and ENB), 000p (percentage of concentration), p1 (identification of which of measurement locations 1 to 3), ref_sx.txt". From the data in Figures 23 and 24, the data in the range of 0 to 30 deg (receiving angle Δ=2.5 deg) from the graphs for each concentration of each sample was approximated as a quartic function using spreadsheet software (Microsoft Excel), and the coefficients of each term were calculated (using the LINEST function). The numerical values ​​of each angle from 0 to 30 deg (receiving angle Δ=1 deg) were substituted into the above quartic function, and the approximation lines were derived. For example, Figure 32 shows an example of creating an approximation curve using the actual data from the third graph of the 100% sample WVF·ENB. The peak index (corresponding to the light reception angle) was determined from this approximation curve. The peak index is shown as the "maximum index" in Figure 31. Next, as shown in Figure 32, a point AP1 at 0 degrees, a peak point AP2, and a point AP3 at 30 degrees are set on the approximation curve. The first approximation line AL1 is set by connecting points AP1 and AP2. The second approximation line is set by connecting points AP2 and AP3. By calculating the slopes of these approximation lines AL1 and AL2, the slopes of the first and second approximation lines can be obtained. The slopes of other samples, and the third and fourth approximation lines, can be calculated using the same method. Figures 33 to 36 show bar graphs of the slopes of each approximation line for each sample.

[0148] As described above, in both the a-value graphs and b-value graphs for the 100% to 25% range for both the WVF·PET and WVF·ENB samples, the absolute value of the slope of the second approximation line was greater than the absolute value of the slope of the first approximation line. Furthermore, the absolute values ​​of the slopes of both the first and second approximation lines increased with increasing concentration. On the other hand, no peaks were observed for the inkjet samples.

[0149] Next, the brightness of each sample was measured. Here, the Y value of each sample was measured using a measuring device. The horizontal axis was the light reception angle, and the vertical axis was the brightness (Y value). Figure 27(a) is a graph showing the measurement results for the WVF·PET sample. Figure 27(b) is a magnified graph of the results in the range of 0 to 20 degrees. Figure 28(a) is a graph showing the measurement results for the WVF·ENB sample. Figure 28(b) is a magnified graph of the results in the range of 0 to 20 degrees. Figure 29(a) is a graph showing the measurement results for the IJ·PET sample. Figure 29(b) is a magnified graph of the results in the range of 0 to 20 degrees. Figure 30(a) is a graph showing the measurement results for the IJ·ENB sample. Figure 30(b) is a magnified graph of the results in the range of 0 to 20 degrees. For the WVF·PET, WVF·ENB, IJ·PET, and IJ·ENB samples, approximation lines were set for the 0-20deg range of the 100%-0% graphs, and the slope of the approximation lines was calculated. The results are shown in Figure 37. Figure 38 shows the slope for the 0-15deg range. The brightness slope was calculated using a linear function (SLOPE function) with respect to the measurement results (0-15deg or 20deg) using spreadsheet software (Microsoft Excel).

[0150] As described above, the brightness at 20 degrees for the WVF·PET and WVF·ENB samples increased with increasing density. For the IJ·PET and IJ·ENB samples, there was no correlation between the brightness at 20 degrees and the density, and areas were observed where the brightness of high-density samples was lower than that of low-density samples.

[0151] Next, we will describe printed material 2, which was manufactured based on the measurement results described above. Here, as shown in Figure 39, a patterned print layer with a wood grain pattern was printed. First, inks for double-view film, as used in the experiment described above, were prepared for each density. Using these inks, a patterned print layer was printed on a translucent substrate. A unit measurement interval DTE was set at an arbitrary location on printed material 2. The unit measurement interval DTE is a square-shaped area, and the length of one side is not particularly limited, but it may be set to, for example, 10 cm.

[0152] As shown in Figure 40(a), multiple measurement points DTP are set randomly within the unit measurement interval DTE. The pigment concentration at each measurement point DTP is greater than 0% and less than or equal to 100%. The a-value and b-value of the reflected light from any measurement point DTP on the printed material 2 are measured within a receiving angle range of 0 to 30 degrees, and graphs are created. In this case, similar to Figures 23 and 24, the first graph of the a-value has a bell-shaped peak, and the second graph of the b-value also has a bell-shaped peak.

[0153] Furthermore, if a first approximation line is set for the range from 0deg to the peak of the first graph, and a second approximation line is set for the range from the peak to 30deg, the absolute value of the slope of the second approximation line will be greater than the absolute value of the slope of the first approximation line, similar to Figures 23 and 24. If a third approximation line is set for the range from 0deg to the peak of the second graph, and a fourth approximation line is set for the range from the peak to 30deg, the absolute value of the slope of the fourth approximation line will be greater than the absolute value of the slope of the third approximation line, similar to Figures 23 and 24.

[0154] As shown in Figure 40(b), the densest area in the unit measurement interval DTE is defined as the dense area DTP1. A first approximation line is set for the range from 0deg to the peak of the first graph, and a second approximation line is set for the range from the peak to 30deg. A third approximation line is set for the range from 0deg to the peak of the second graph, and a fourth approximation line is set for the range from the peak to 30deg. The numerical range of the absolute values ​​of the slopes of the first and third approximation lines, and the slopes of the second and fourth approximation lines, is not particularly limited. In this case, the slope of the first approximation line may be 0.13 or greater. The slope of the third approximation line may be 0.14 or greater. The absolute value of the slope of the second approximation line may be 0.23 or greater. The absolute value of the slope of the fourth approximation line may be 0.34 or greater. The lower limit of the slopes of these approximation lines is based on the average value of the 50% slope of the sample WVF·ENB shown in Figure 31. In regions with slopes greater than these, patterns can be created in areas of 50% or more where peaks are clearly visible. While there are no particular upper limits for each approximation line, the value at 100% shown in Figure 31 may serve as the upper limit.

[0155] Next, we will explain the relationship between printed material 2 and brightness. As shown in Figure 40(a), multiple arbitrary measurement points DTP with different color intensities are set within the unit measurement interval DTE. Multiple measurement points DTP are randomly selected from locations with different color intensities. The number of different color intensities (i.e., the number of measurement points DTP) is not particularly limited, but for example, three or more may be selected, or five or more may be selected. Alternatively, multiple measurement points DTP (e.g., three) may be measured for one type of intensity, and their average value may be treated as a single measurement value for that intensity. When the brightness of reflected light from multiple measurement points DTP is measured in the range of receiving angles from 0 to 20 degrees and a graph is created, the brightness of each measurement point DTP at 20 degrees increases as the color at the measurement point DTP becomes darker.

[0156] As shown in Figure 40(b), the area with the darkest color within the unit measurement interval DTE is designated as the dense area DTP1, and the area with the lightest color is designated as the sparse area DTP2. A graph is created for the dense area DTP1, and a first slope is set for this graph. When a graph is created for the sparse area DTP2, and a second slope is set for this graph, the value of "first slope / second slope" may be 1.7 or greater. Of the slopes in Figure 37, the average of the three results for 100% of the sample WFP·PET is designated as the first slope, and the average of the three results for 0% of the sample WFP·PET is designated as the second slope. In this case, "first slope / second slope" is 5.63. When creating a pattern, it is not necessary to use the entire range of density from 0 to 100%, but by allowing a predetermined range in density, the expressiveness of the pattern can be improved. As a guideline, allowing a range of about 30% can improve expression. In other words, since "5.63 × 0.3 = 1.69", the expressiveness of the image can be improved by setting the "first slope / second slope" ratio to 1.7 or higher. Furthermore, to allow for a range of about 40%, the "first slope / second slope" ratio can be set to 2.3 or higher, and to allow for a range of about 50%, the "first slope / second slope" ratio can be set to 2.8 or higher.

[0157] Figure 41 is a schematic side view showing a printed material 50 and a display device 100 manufactured by the manufacturing method described above. The display device 100 comprises a printed material 50 and a display device 70. Any of the printed materials 2 described with reference to Figures 1 to 15 may be used as the printed material 2. Therefore, the printed material 2 comprises at least a translucent substrate 4 and a pattern printing layer 5. The uses and application locations of this printed material 50 and display device 100 are not limited, but for example, the printed material 50 and display device 100 may be used for the following purposes. • Built into a device that transparently displays images on parts of the walls and ceilings in bedrooms, kitchens, living rooms, etc. • Information displays on table tops, kitchen doors, exterior parts of system kitchens, kitchen panels, back panels of island kitchens, refrigerator doors, and entrance doors. • Concealing intercoms and control panels installed on bathroom walls, closet doors, bathroom interior walls, toilet interiors, doors, and walls. • Bed headboards, electronic piano music stands, restaurant tables, ordering tablets, desks in schools, libraries and other cultural facilities, study desk surfaces, amusement facility walls, elevator displays, elevator walls, delivery boxes • Concealing the display of a serving mobile robot or robot, or the display of a commercial or household robot. Concealment of advertisements inside and outside public transportation such as buses and trains, ATM display boards, ticket vending machines, landscape-conscious signs, timetable displays, vending machine displays, shop windows of commercial facilities, election poster boards, and information boards used during disasters. • Concealing the displays of home appliances (vacuum cleaners, electric fans, microwave ovens, rice cookers, kettles, coffee makers, oven ranges, toaster ovens, air conditioners, washing machines, refrigerators, clocks, televisions, fax machines, telephones, printers, wine cellars, etc.) • Concealing the display on smartphones and mobile devices • Mobility interior (instrument panel, information display unit, door trim, interior trim, ceiling of the vehicle), mobility exterior surface Devices such as teleprompters, wearable devices, VR goggles, and e-paper. • Stone structures such as tombstones and monuments • Musical instruments, toys, and other equipment • Wall surfaces (other than the wall surfaces exemplified above)

[0158] Next, we will explain the functions and effects of printed material 50.

[0159] The pattern printing layer 5 is provided on one side of the translucent substrate 4 and includes a pattern layer composed of multiple dots, each of which includes a binder and multiple pigment chips dispersed within the binder, and the multiple pigment chips are interference pigments. In this case, when the light source is turned off, the pattern printing layer 5 can conceal the presence of the light source with its pattern. Therefore, the pattern of the pattern printing layer 5 is displayed on the printed material 50. On the other hand, when the light source is on, the pattern printing layer 5 can transmit light from the light source. Thus, when the light source from the back is not on, the pattern on the front side is visible, and when it is on, the content displayed by the light source can be seen through the pattern. Here, when the a-value and b-value of the reflected light from an arbitrary measurement point on the printed material 50 are measured in the range of a receiving angle from 0 to 30 degrees and graphs are created, the first graph of the a-value has a bell-shaped peak, and the second graph of the b-value also has a bell-shaped peak. In this case, compared to inkjet, the colors are easier to recognize even when observed from an angle deviating from the specular reflection of the light source. Therefore, the quality of the image can be improved.

[0160] If a first approximation line is set for the range from 0deg to the peak of the first graph, and a second approximation line is set for the range from the peak to 30deg, the absolute value of the slope of the second approximation line may be greater than the absolute value of the slope of the first approximation line. If a third approximation line is set for the range from 0deg to the peak of the second graph, and a fourth approximation line is set for the range from the peak to 30deg, the absolute value of the slope of the fourth approximation line may be greater than the absolute value of the slope of the third approximation line.

[0161] For the printed material 50, an arbitrary unit measurement interval is set, the area with the darkest color within the unit measurement interval is defined as the dense area, a first approximation line is set for the range from 0deg to the peak of the first graph for the dense area, a second approximation line is set for the range from the peak to 30deg, a third approximation line is set for the range from 0deg to the peak of the second graph, and a fourth approximation line is set for the range from the peak to 30deg. The slope of the first approximation line may be 0.13 or greater, and the slope of the third approximation line may be 0.14 or greater. In this case, a pattern can be created in a density range where a clear peak appears.

[0162] For the printed material 50, an arbitrary unit measurement interval is set, the area with the darkest color within the unit measurement interval is defined as the dense area, and for the dense area, a first approximation line is set for the range from 0deg to the peak of the first graph, a second approximation line is set for the range from the peak to 30deg, a third approximation line is set for the range from 0deg to the peak of the second graph, and a fourth approximation line is set for the range from the peak to 30deg. The absolute value of the slope of the second approximation line may be 0.23 or greater, and the absolute value of the slope of the fourth approximation line may be 0.34 or greater. In this case, a pattern can be created in a density range where a clear peak appears.

[0163] Furthermore, if an arbitrary unit measurement interval is set for the printed material 50, and multiple arbitrary measurement points with different color intensities are set within that unit measurement interval, and the brightness of the reflected light from these multiple measurement points is measured within a receiving angle range of 0 to 20 degrees and a graph is created, the brightness at 20 degrees for each measurement point increases as the color at the measurement point becomes darker. In this case, it becomes easier to understand the relationship between color intensity and brightness during printing, and a good image can be printed by taking this relationship into consideration. Therefore, the quality of the image can be improved.

[0164] When the darkest areas within a unit measurement interval are defined as dense areas and the lightest areas as sparse areas, and a graph is created for the dense areas and a first slope is set for that graph, and the same graph is created for the sparse areas and a second slope is set for that graph, the value of "first slope / second slope" may be 1.7 or greater. In this case, printing can be performed within a density range that allows for a certain degree of variation in the pigment concentration used, making it easier to understand the relationship between color density and brightness during printing. By providing a wide density range in this way, the expressive power of the image can be improved.

[0165] By using the printed material 2 shown in Figures 3 and 6 as printed material 2, the printed material 50 further has a white pattern layer 40 provided on the pattern printing layer 5 and composed of multiple silver dots, each of which may contain a silver binder 42 and multiple silver pigment chips 43 dispersed inside the silver binder 42. This allows for excellent color development between the first color pattern layer 10 and the second color pattern layer 20, and enables the pattern printing layer 5 to have a pattern that gives a whitish impression.

[0166] By using the printed material 2 shown in Figure 6 as printed material 2, printed material 50 may further have a translucent smoke printing layer 30 provided on the outermost surface opposite to the translucent substrate 4 relative to the pattern printing layer 5. This improves the color development of the first color pattern layer 10 and the second color pattern layer 20. Furthermore, because the translucent smoke printing layer 30 is translucent, the decrease in the visibility of the image on the display device 1 is effectively suppressed.

[0167] By using Figure 2, etc., as the pattern printing layer 5, the printed material 50 comprises a pattern layer consisting of a first-color pattern layer 10 made up of a plurality of first-color dots, provided on one side of the translucent substrate 4, and a second-color pattern layer 20 made up of a plurality of second-color dots, provided on the first-color pattern layer 10, wherein each first-color dot contains a first-color binder and a plurality of first-color pigment chips dispersed inside the first-color binder, and the second-color dots Each includes a binder for the second color and a plurality of second-color pigment chips dispersed inside the binder. Either the first-color pigment chip or the second-color pigment chip produces interference light on the reflected light side and contains multiple interference pigments of different colors. The other of the first-color pigment chip or the second-color pigment chip produces interference light on the reflected light side and contains one interference pigment that produces a different color from the color mixing shown by the multiple interference pigments contained in the other one, and additive color mixing of the interference light is possible. Since the first-color pattern layer 10 contains first interference pigments 14a and 14b and the second-color pattern layer 20 contains second interference pigment 24, a three-dimensional image can be achieved even with a small number of printing layers. Furthermore, in printed material 2, only the first-color pattern layer 10 contains interference pigments that generate different interference light from each other, so the color matching and registration work during printing can be simplified. Therefore, according to printed material 2, it is possible to express a three-dimensional image even with a small number of printing layers, and the color matching and registration work during printing can be simplified.

[0168] By adopting Figure 9, etc., as the pattern printing layer 5, the printed material 50 comprises a pattern layer consisting of a plurality of first-color dots provided on one side of the translucent substrate 4, and a second-color pattern layer 20 consisting of a plurality of second-color dots provided on the first-color pattern layer 10, wherein each first-color dot contains a first-color binder and a plurality of first-color pigment chips dispersed inside the first-color binder, and each second-color dot contains a second-color binder and a plurality of second-color pigment chips dispersed inside the second-color binder, wherein the plurality of first-color pigment chips are first interference pigments that generate monochromatic first interference light, and the plurality of second-color pigment chips are second interference pigments that generate monochromatic second interference light different from the color shown by the first interference pigment, and the first interference light and the second interference light may be additively mixed. For example, for patterns that can be expressed with a limited number of colors, by limiting the interference pigments contained in the first color pattern layer 10 and the second color pattern layer 20 to a single color, it becomes possible to express the pattern using only the intensity of that single color. In this way, the color matching and registration work during printing can be simplified. Therefore, this printed material simplifies the color matching and registration work during printing.

[0169] By using Figure 12, etc., as the pattern printing layer 5, the printed material 50 comprises a pattern layer consisting of a first-color pattern layer 10 made up of a plurality of first-color dots, which is provided on one side of the translucent substrate 4, and a second-color pattern layer 20 made up of a plurality of second-color dots, which is provided on the first-color pattern layer 10, with each first-color dot containing a first-color binder and a plurality of first-color pigment chips dispersed inside the first-color binder, and each second-color dot containing a second-color binder The binder for the second color includes an inder and a plurality of second-color pigment chips dispersed inside the binder. Either the plurality of first-color pigment chips or the plurality of second-color pigment chips are multiple-color first interference pigments that each generate different first interference light, and the other of the plurality of first-color pigment chips or the plurality of second-color pigment chips is a second interference pigment that generates a monochromatic second interference light of the same color as any of the plurality of first interference pigments. The plurality of first interference light and the second interference light may be additively mixed. Since either the first-color pattern layer 10 or the second-color pattern layer 20 contains multiple-color interference pigments that generate different interference light, a three-dimensional image can be achieved even with a small number of printing layers. Furthermore, in this printed material 50, the pattern layer containing interference pigments that generate multiple interference light only needs to be one of the first-color pattern layer 10 or the second-color pattern layer 20, thus simplifying the color matching and registration work during printing. On the other hand, the other of the first color pattern layer 10 and the second color pattern layer 20 includes a second interference pigment that generates a monochromatic second interference light of the same color as one of the multiple first interference pigments. For example, for patterns that can be expressed with a small number of colors, by limiting the second interference pigment to a monochromatic color of the same color as the first interference pigment, it becomes possible to express the pattern by varying the intensity of the monochromatic color. Also, when it is desired to emphasize a certain hue, using two layers, the first color pattern layer 10 and the second color pattern layer 20, makes it easier to adjust that hue than adjusting with only one color pattern layer. Furthermore, if too much interference pigment is added to one color pattern layer, the strength of the coating film decreases, but by using two color pattern layers, this decrease in strength can be suppressed. As a result, color matching and registration work during printing can be simplified.

[0170] The display device 100 comprises, on one side, the printed material 50 and the display device 70.

[0171] The display device 100 can achieve the same effects and benefits as the printed material 50 described above.

[0172] A method for manufacturing a printed material 50 comprises, on one side, at least a translucent substrate and a pattern printing layer, the pattern printing layer being provided on one side of the translucent substrate and including a pattern layer composed of a plurality of dots, each of the plurality of dots including a binder and a plurality of pigment chips dispersed inside the binder, the plurality of pigment chips being interference pigments, and the method for manufacturing a printed material is to print the pattern printing layer such that when the a-value and b-value of reflected light from any measurement point on the printed material are measured in the range of a receiving angle of 0 to 30 degrees and a graph is created, the first graph of the a-value has a bell-shaped peak and the second graph of the b-value has a bell-shaped peak.

[0173] Furthermore, the method for manufacturing the printed material 50 comprises at least a translucent substrate and a pattern printing layer, the pattern printing layer being provided on one side of the translucent substrate and including a pattern layer composed of a plurality of dots, each of the plurality of dots including a binder and a plurality of pigment chips dispersed inside the binder, the plurality of pigment chips being interference pigments, the method for manufacturing the printed material comprising setting an arbitrary unit measurement interval for the printed material, setting a plurality of arbitrary measurement points with different color intensities within the unit measurement interval, and printing the pattern printing layer such that when the brightness of the reflected light from the plurality of measurement points is measured in the range of receiving angles from 0 to 20 degrees and a graph is created, the brightness at 20 degrees for each measurement point increases as the color at the measurement point becomes darker.

[0174] This manufacturing method can achieve the same effects and benefits as the printed material 50 described above.

[0175] The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above.

[0176] For example, while the above explanation involved preparing and measuring specific samples, the material and pattern conditions are not limited to those of these samples and can be applied to any conditions. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0177] 2...Printed material, 4...Translucent substrate, 5...Pattern printing layer, 10...First color pattern layer, 20...Second color pattern layer, 40...White pattern layer, 50...Printed material, 70...Display device, 100...Display device.

Claims

1. A printed material comprising at least a translucent substrate and a pattern printing layer, The aforementioned pattern printing layer is provided on one side of the translucent substrate and includes a pattern layer composed of a plurality of dots. Each of the aforementioned multiple dots comprises a binder and a plurality of pigment chips dispersed within the binder. The aforementioned plurality of pigment chips are interference pigments, When the a-value and b-value of reflected light from any measurement point on the aforementioned printed material are measured within a light receiving angle range of 0 to 30 degrees and a graph is created, A printed document in which the first graph of the a value has a bell-shaped peak, and the second graph of the b value also has a bell-shaped peak.

2. If a first approximation line is set for the range from 0 degrees to the peak of the first graph, and a second approximation line is set for the range from the peak to 30 degrees, then the absolute value of the slope of the second approximation line is greater than the absolute value of the slope of the first approximation line. The printed material according to claim 1, wherein a third approximation line is set for the range from 0 degrees to the peak of the second graph, and a fourth approximation line is set for the range from the peak to 30 degrees, and the absolute value of the slope of the fourth approximation line is greater than the absolute value of the slope of the third approximation line.

3. A unit measurement interval is set for the printed material, the area with the darkest color within the unit measurement interval is defined as the dense area, and the dense area is defined as follows: A first approximation line is set for the range from 0 degrees to the peak of the first graph, and a second approximation line is set for the range from the peak to 30 degrees. A third approximation line is set for the range from 0 degrees to the peak of the second graph, and a fourth approximation line is set for the range from the peak to 30 degrees. The slope of the first approximation line is 0.13 or greater. The printed material according to claim 1, wherein the slope of the third approximation line is 0.14 or greater.

4. A unit measurement interval is set for the printed material, the area with the darkest color within the unit measurement interval is defined as the dense area, and the dense area is defined as follows: A first approximation line is set for the range from 0 degrees to the peak of the first graph, and a second approximation line is set for the range from the peak to 30 degrees. A third approximation line is set for the range from 0 degrees to the peak of the second graph, and a fourth approximation line is set for the range from the peak to 30 degrees. The absolute value of the slope of the second approximation line is 0.23 or greater. The printed material according to claim 1, wherein the absolute value of the slope of the fourth approximation line is 0.34 or greater.

5. The aforementioned pattern printing layer is provided above and further comprises a white pattern layer composed of multiple silver dots, The printed material according to claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of silver dots includes a silver binder and a plurality of silver pigment chips dispersed inside the silver binder.

6. The printed article according to claim 1, further comprising a transparent smoke printing layer provided on the outermost surface opposite to the translucent substrate relative to the pattern printing layer.

7. The aforementioned pattern layer is A first color pattern layer, composed of a plurality of first color dots, is provided on one side of the translucent substrate, The device comprises a second color pattern layer, which is provided on the first color pattern layer and is composed of a plurality of second color dots, Each of the first color dots comprises a first color binder and a plurality of first color pigment chips dispersed within the first color binder. Each of the second color dots comprises a second color binder and a plurality of second color pigment chips dispersed within the second color binder. Either the first color pigment chip or the second color pigment chip produces color as interference light on the reflected light side, and contains multiple interference pigments of different colors. The other of the first and second color pigment chips produces a color as interference light on the reflected light side and contains one interference pigment that produces a color different from the mixed color shown by the multiple interference pigments contained in either of the two chips. The printed material according to claim 1, wherein the aforementioned interference light is additively mixed.

8. The aforementioned pattern layer is A first color pattern layer, composed of a plurality of first color dots, is provided on one side of the translucent substrate, The device comprises a second color pattern layer, which is provided on the first color pattern layer and is composed of a plurality of second color dots, Each of the first color dots comprises a first color binder and a plurality of first color pigment chips dispersed within the first color binder. Each of the second color dots comprises a second color binder and a plurality of second color pigment chips dispersed within the second color binder. The plurality of first color pigment chips are first interference pigments that generate monochromatic first interference light, The plurality of second-color pigment chips are second interference pigments that generate monochromatic second interference light that is different in color from the first interference pigment, The printed material according to claim 1, wherein the first interference light and the second interference light are additively mixed.

9. The aforementioned pattern layer is A first color pattern layer, composed of a plurality of first color dots, is provided on one side of the translucent substrate, The device comprises a second color pattern layer, which is provided on the first color pattern layer and is composed of a plurality of second color dots, Each of the first color dots comprises a first color binder and a plurality of first color pigment chips dispersed within the first color binder. Each of the second color dots comprises a second color binder and a plurality of second color pigment chips dispersed within the second color binder. Either of the plurality of first-color pigment chips or the plurality of second-color pigment chips is a plurality of first interference pigments of different colors, each generating a different first interference light. The other of the plurality of first-color pigment chips and the plurality of second-color pigment chips is a second interference pigment that generates a monochromatic second interference light of the same color as any of the plurality of first interference pigments. The printed material according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of first interference lights and second interference lights are additively mixed.

10. A display device comprising a printed document according to any one of claims 1 to 9 and a display device.

11. It comprises at least a translucent substrate and a pattern printing layer, The aforementioned pattern printing layer is provided on one side of the translucent substrate and includes a pattern layer composed of a plurality of dots. Each of the aforementioned multiple dots comprises a binder and a plurality of pigment chips dispersed within the binder. The plurality of pigment chips are interference pigments, in a method for manufacturing printed materials, When the a-value and b-value of reflected light from any measurement point on the aforementioned printed material are measured within a light receiving angle range of 0 to 30 degrees and a graph is created, A method for manufacturing a printed material, comprising printing the pattern printing layer such that the first graph of the a value has a bell-shaped peak and the second graph of the b value has a bell-shaped peak.

Images