Joint source channel encoding method and system - Patents.com

Abstract

This application discloses a joint source channel encoding method and information exchange method used during wireless data transmission, in which the access network can perform joint source channel encoding on service data through information exchange between an access network, a core network, and a server, and the access network can further jointly optimize source channel encoding parameters by referring to channel conditions to adapt to different channel conditions of terminals in real time, so as to improve data transmission efficiency during wireless transmission.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202310149145.7, entitled "COMMUNICATION METHOD AND DEVICE," filed with the State Intellectual Property Office of China on February 14, 2023, and Chinese Patent Application No. 202310532479.2, entitled "JOINT SOURCE-CHANNEL ENCODING METHOD AND SYSTEM," filed with the State Intellectual Property Office of China on May 12, 2023, both of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entireties.

[0002] This application relates to encoding methods, and more particularly to joint source channel encoding methods and systems. [Background technology]

[0003] In conventional data transmission, source encoding and channel encoding are two independent modules. Source encoding is processed at the application layer, while channel encoding is processed at the physical layer. The coding rate in channel encoding may be adjusted based on channel conditions. However, the encoding parameters for source encoding are not adjusted in real time based on channel quality. As a result, when channel conditions are poor, data reception quality deteriorates rapidly, resulting in frame freezing and mosaic artifacts. To improve data reception quality, a joint source-channel encoding scheme has been proposed in the industry. Specifically, entropy encoding and channel encoding are jointly performed in a video encoder. Compared with conventional individual source-channel encoding, joint source encoding has better adaptability to different channel conditions and a larger encoding gain.

[0004] In recent years, watching online videos via wireless devices such as mobile phones and tablets has become a part of people's daily lives. Therefore, there is an urgent need to improve the transmission efficiency of service data in wireless environments. Summary of the Invention [Means for solving the problem]

[0005]

[0006] The present application provides a communication method, a system (also referred to as a communication system), a communication device, a computer-readable storage medium, a chip, etc.

[0007] The present application provides a communication method, a system (also referred to as a communication system), a communication device, a computer-readable storage medium, a chip, etc.

[0008] The present application provides a communication method, a system (also referred to as a communication system), a communication device, a computer-readable storage medium, a chip, etc.

[0009] The present application provides a communication method, a system (also referred to as a communication system), a communication device, a computer-readable storage medium, a chip, etc.

[0010] The present application provides a communication method, a system (also referred to as a communication system), a communication device, a computer-readable storage medium, a chip, etc.

[0011] The present application provides a communication method, a system (also referred to as a communication system), a communication device, a computer-readable storage medium, a chip

[0006] According to a first aspect, the method is applied to a system including a first device, a second device, and a third device, and the method includes:

[0007] The third device transmits first information to the second device, where the first information instructs the second device to perform joint source channel encoding.

[0008] The third device transmits the first data to the second device.

[0009] The second device performs joint source channel encoding on the first data and transmits second data to the first device, the second data being data obtained by performing joint source channel encoding on the first data.

[0010] According to the first aspect, before the third device transmits the first data to the second device, the method further includes the third device receiving third data from the server, the third data being associated with the first data.

[0011] According to the first aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the first aspect, before the second device performs joint source channel encoding on the first data, the method includes:

[0012] The second device determines a third parameter based on at least one of the first parameter and the second parameter, and the third parameter is used by the second device to perform joint source channel encoding on the first data.

[0013] The first parameters include at least one of the following: type of source encoder, rate-distortion mapping model for I-frames, rate-distortion mapping model for P-frames, rate-distortion mapping model for B-frames, size of a group of pictures (GOP), type of each frame in the GOP, number of slices in each frame, length of each slice, motion vectors for predictive coding, source entropy rate, or source encoder processing delay information.

[0014] The second parameter indicates channel quality information between the second device and the first device.

[0015] The second device performs joint source channel encoding on the first data based on the third parameter.

[0016] According to the first aspect or any one of the implementations of the first aspect, The third parameter includes at least one of the following: a source quantization parameter, a coding rate in source encoding, a code length in source encoding, a base matrix in source encoding, a coding rate in channel encoding, a code length in channel encoding, or a base matrix in channel encoding.

[0017] According to the first aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the first aspect, the method includes:

[0018] The third device transmits the first parameter to the second device.

[0019] Alternatively, the second device receives the second parameter from the first device.

[0020] According to the first aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the first aspect, before the third device transmits the first parameter to the second device, the method further includes the third device receiving the first parameter from the server.

[0021] According to the first aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the first aspect, the method further includes the third device receiving a fourth parameter from the server, the fourth parameter being used by the third device to perform source decoding on the third data.

[0022] After the third device receives the third data from the server and before the third device transmits the first data to the second device, the method includes:

[0023] The third device further includes performing source decoding on the third data based on the fourth parameter, and the first data being data obtained by performing source decoding on the third data.

[0024] According to the first aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the first aspect, the fourth parameter includes at least one of the following: a type of source encoder, a code length in the source encoding, a coding rate in the source encoding, a source entropy rate, an encryption parameter, or a decoding parameter.

[0025] According to the first aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the first aspect, the third device transmits third information to the first device, and the third information instructs the first device to perform at least one of joint source channel encoding, joint source channel decoding, and source encoding.

[0026] According to the first aspect or any one of the implementations of the first aspect, the third device performs source decoding on the second data at the first protocol layer.

[0027] According to the first aspect or any one of the implementations of the first aspect, the first protocol layer is a protocol data unit (PDU) layer, or the first protocol layer is located below a PDU layer.

[0028] According to the first aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the first aspect, the packet header corresponding to the first protocol layer includes a fourth parameter.

[0029] According to the first aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the first aspect, before the third device transmits the first information to the second device, the method includes:

[0030] The third device receives first capability information from the second device and second capability information from the first device, the first capability information indicating at least one of a joint source channel encoding capability, a joint source channel decoding capability, or a joint source channel encoding capability of the second device, and the second capability information indicating at least one of a joint source channel encoding capability, a joint source channel decoding capability, or a joint source channel encoding capability of the first device.

[0031] According to the first aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the first aspect, before the third device transmits the first information to the second device, the method includes:

[0032] The third device receives the first capability information from the second device.

[0033] According to the first aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the first aspect, before the third device transmits the first information to the second device, the method includes the third device receiving second capability information from the first device.

[0034] According to the first aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the first aspect, the method includes:

[0035] The third device sends the first capability information to the server.

[0036] According to the first aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the first aspect, the method includes:

[0037] The third device sends the second capability information to the server.

[0038] According to the first aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the first aspect, the first capability information and the second capability information may be located in different messages or may be located in the same message.

[0039] According to the first aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the first aspect, the third device's decision to transmit the first information is based on at least one of the first capability information and the second capability information.

[0040] According to the first aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the first aspect, the third data is the same as the first data.

[0041] According to the first aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the first aspect, the third device includes a policy control function PCF network element, a session management function SMF network element, an access management function AMF network element, and a user plane function UPF network element.

[0042] The third device transmitting the first information to the second device includes an AMF transmitting the first information to the second device, or an SMF transmitting the first information to the second device, or an SMF transmitting the first information to the second device via an AMF.

[0043] According to the first aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the first aspect, the third device includes a policy control function PCF network element, a session management function SMF network element, an access management function AMF network element, and a user plane function UPF network element.

[0044] The third device receiving the first parameter from the server includes the PCF receiving the first parameter from the server.

[0045] After the PCF receives the first parameter from the server, the method includes the PCF sending the first parameter to the AMF, and the AMF sending the first parameter to the second device, or the PCF sending the first parameter to the SMF, and the SMF sending the first parameter to the second device, or the PCF sending the first parameter to the SMF, and the SMF sending the first parameter to the second device via the AMF.

[0046] According to the first aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the first aspect, the third device includes a policy control function PCF network element, a session management function SMF network element, and a user plane function UPF network element.

[0047] The third device receiving the fourth parameter from the server includes the PCF receiving the fourth parameter from the server.

[0048] After the PCF receives the fourth parameter from the server, the method includes the PCF sending the fourth parameter to the UPF, or the PCF sending the fourth parameter to the SMF, and the SMF sending the fourth parameter to the UPF.

[0049] According to the first aspect or any one of the implementations of the first aspect, Before the third device transmits the first information to the second device, the method includes the first device, the second device, and the third device determining a first protocol data unit (PDU) session, the first PDU session providing a connection between the first device and the server.

[0050] According to the first aspect or any one of the implementations of the first aspect, The first data is first streaming media data, the second data is second streaming media data, and the third data is third streaming media data.

[0051] According to the first aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the first aspect, the first streaming media data is first video data, the second streaming media data is second video data, and the third streaming media data is third video data.

[0052] According to the first aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the first aspect, the first PDU session includes a first quality of service QoS flow, the first QoS flow corresponds to a first QoS profile, the first QoS profile includes a first QoS parameter, the first QoS parameter includes first information, and the first data is associated with the first QoS flow.

[0053] According to the first aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the first aspect, the third device transmits the first QoS profile to the second device.

[0054] According to the first aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the first aspect, the first information instructs the second device to perform joint source channel encoding on data associated with the first QoS flow.

[0055] According to the first aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the first aspect, the second device transmits a fifth parameter to the first device, the fifth parameter being used by the first device to perform at least one of source decoding, channel decoding, or joint source-channel decoding on the second data, and the fifth parameter including at least one of the following: a type of source encoder, a coding rate in source encoding, a code length in source encoding, a base matrix in source encoding, a source entropy rate, a type of channel encoder, a coding rate in channel encoding, a code length in channel encoding, or a base matrix in channel encoding.

[0056] According to the first aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the first aspect, the first device performs at least one of source decoding, channel decoding, or joint source-channel decoding on the second data based on the fifth parameter.

[0057] According to a second aspect, there is provided a communication method, the method being applied to a second device, receiving first information from a third device, the first information instructing the second device to perform joint source channel encoding; receiving first data from a third device; and performing joint source channel encoding on the first data and transmitting second data to the first device, the second data being data obtained by performing joint source channel encoding on the first data.

[0058] According to a second aspect, before performing joint source channel encoding on the first data, the method comprises: determining third parameters based on at least one of the first parameter and the second parameter, the third parameters being used by the second device to perform joint source channel encoding on the first data, and the first parameters including at least one of the following: a type of source encoder, a rate-distortion mapping model for I frames, a rate-distortion mapping model for P frames, a rate-distortion mapping model for B frames, a size of a group of pictures GOP, a type of each frame in the GOP, the number of slices in each frame, a length of each slice, a motion vector for predictive coding, a source entropy rate, or source encoder processing delay information; and the second parameter indicates channel quality information between the second device and the first device; and performing, by the second device, joint source channel encoding on the first data based on the third parameter.

[0059] According to the second aspect or any one of the implementations of the second aspect, The third parameter includes at least one of the following: a source quantization parameter, a coding rate in source encoding, a code length in source encoding, a base matrix in source encoding, a coding rate in channel encoding, a code length in channel encoding, or a base matrix in channel encoding.

[0060] According to the second aspect or any one of the implementations of the second aspect, a method comprises: receiving the first parameter from the third device; or The method further includes receiving a second parameter from the first device.

[0061] According to the second aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the second aspect, before the second device receives the first information from the third device, the method further includes the second device transmitting first capability information to the third device, the first capability information indicating at least one of a joint source channel encoding capability, a joint source channel decoding capability, or a joint source channel coding capability of the second device.

[0062] According to the second aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the second aspect, before the second device receives the first information from the third device, the method further includes the second device transmitting second capability information to the third device, the second capability information indicating at least one of a joint source channel encoding capability, a joint source channel decoding capability, or a joint source channel coding capability of the first device.

[0063] According to the second aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the second aspect, before the second device transmits the second capability information to the third device, the method further includes the second device receiving the second capability information from the first device.

[0064] According to the second aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the second aspect, the first capability information and the second capability information may be located in different messages or may be located in the same message.

[0065] According to the second aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the second aspect, receiving the first information from the third device includes receiving the first information from an Access Management Function AMF network element or receiving the first information from a Session Management Function SMF network element.

[0066] According to the second aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the second aspect, the method includes:

[0067] The second device sends fifth parameters to the first device, and the fifth parameters are used by the first device to perform at least one of source decoding, channel decoding, or joint source-channel decoding on the second data, and the fifth parameters include at least one of the following: a type of source encoder, a coding rate in source encoding, a code length in source encoding, a base matrix in source encoding, a source entropy rate, a type of channel encoder, a coding rate in channel encoding, a code length in channel encoding, or a base matrix in channel encoding.

[0068] According to the second aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the second aspect, the first data is first streaming media data and the second data is second streaming media data.

[0069] According to the second aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the second aspect, the first streaming media data is first video data, and the second streaming media data is second video data.

[0070] According to the second aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the second aspect, the first data is associated with a first quality of service QoS flow, the first QoS flow corresponds to a first QoS parameter, and the first QoS parameter includes first information.

[0071] According to the second aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the second aspect, the first information instructs the second device to perform joint source channel encoding on data associated with the first QoS flow.

[0072] According to the second aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the second aspect, the first data is associated with a first quality of service QoS flow, the first QoS flow corresponds to a first QoS parameter, the first QoS parameter includes first information, and the first information instructs the second device to perform joint source channel encoding on the data associated with the first QoS flow.

[0073] According to a third aspect, there is provided a communication method, the method being applied to a third device, the method comprising: transmitting first information to a second device, the first information instructing the second device to perform joint source channel encoding; transmitting the first data to the second device.

[0074] According to a third aspect, before transmitting the first data to the second device, the method further includes a step of receiving third data from the server, the third data being associated with the first data.

[0075] According to the third aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the third aspect, the method further includes a step of transmitting first parameters to the second device, wherein the first parameters include at least one of the following: a type of source encoder, a rate-distortion mapping model for I frames, a rate-distortion mapping model for P frames, a rate-distortion mapping model for B frames, a size of a group of pictures GOP, a type of each frame in the GOP, the number of slices in each frame, a length of each slice, a motion vector for predictive coding, a source entropy rate, or source encoder processing delay information.

[0076] According to the third aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the third aspect, before transmitting the first parameter to the second device, the method includes: The method further includes receiving a first parameter from the server.

[0077] According to the third aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the third aspect, the method further includes a step of receiving a fourth parameter from the server, the fourth parameter being used by the third device to perform source decoding on the third data.

[0078] After receiving the third data from the server and before transmitting the first data to the second device, the method includes: The method further includes a step of performing source decoding on the third data based on a fourth parameter, wherein the first data is data obtained by performing source decoding on the third data.

[0079] According to the third aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the third aspect, the fourth parameter includes at least one of the following: a type of source encoder, a code length in the source encoding, a coding rate in the source encoding, a source entropy rate, an encryption parameter, or a decoding parameter.

[0080] According to the third aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the third aspect, the first parameter and the fourth parameter may be located in different messages or may be located in the same message.

[0081] According to the third aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the third aspect, the third device performs source decoding on the third data at a first protocol layer, where the first protocol layer is a protocol data unit (PDU) layer or the first protocol layer is located below the PDU layer.

[0082] According to the third aspect or any one of the implementations of the third aspect, the packet header corresponding to the first protocol layer includes a fourth parameter.

[0083] According to the third aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the third aspect, before transmitting the first information to the second device, the method further includes a step of receiving first capability information from the second device, wherein the first capability information indicates at least one of a joint source channel encoding capability, a joint source channel decoding capability, or a joint source channel coding capability of the second device.

[0084] According to the third aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the third aspect, before transmitting the first information to the second device, the method further includes a step of receiving second capability information from the first device or a step of receiving second capability information from the second device, wherein the second capability information indicates at least one of a joint source channel encoding capability, a joint source channel decoding capability, or a joint source channel coding capability of the first device, and the first device communicates with the second device.

[0085] According to the third aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the third aspect, the first capability information or the second capability information is transmitted to the server before receiving the third data from the server.

[0086] According to the third aspect or any one of the implementations of the third aspect, the third data is the same as the first data.

[0087] According to the third aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the third aspect, the third device includes a policy control function PCF network element, a session management function SMF network element, an access management function AMF network element, and a user plane function UPF network element.

[0088] The step of sending the first information to the second device includes the AMF sending the first information to the second device, or the SMF sending the first information to the second device, or the SMF sending the first information to the second device via the AMF.

[0089] According to the third aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the third aspect, the third device includes a policy control function PCF network element, a session management function SMF network element, an access management function AMF network element, and a user plane function UPF network element.

[0090] The step of receiving the first parameter from the server includes the PCF receiving the first parameter from the server.

[0091] After the PCF receives the first parameter from the server, the method includes the PCF sending the first parameter to the AMF, and the AMF sending the first parameter to the second device, or the PCF sending the first parameter to the SMF, and the SMF sending the first parameter to the second device, or the PCF sending the first parameter to the SMF, and the SMF sending the first parameter to the second device via the AMF.

[0092] According to the third aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the third aspect, the third device includes a policy control function PCF network element, a session management function SMF network element, and a user plane function UPF network element.

[0093] The step of receiving the fourth parameter from the server includes the PCF receiving the fourth parameter from the server.

[0094] After the PCF receives the fourth parameter from the server, the method includes the PCF sending the fourth parameter to the UPF, or the PCF sending the fourth parameter to the SMF, and the SMF sending the fourth parameter to the UPF.

[0095] According to the third aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the third aspect, before transmitting the first information to the second device, the method includes the third device, the second device, and the first device determining a first protocol data unit (PDU) session, the first PDU session providing a connection between the first device and a server, and the first device communicating with the second device.

[0096] According to the third aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the third aspect, the first data is first streaming media data and the third data is third streaming media data.

[0097] According to the third aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the third aspect, the first streaming media data is first video data, the third streaming media data is third video data, the first parameter is a video encoder parameter, and the second parameter is a source rate or a channel rate.

[0098] According to the third aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the third aspect, the first data is associated with a first quality of service QoS flow, the first QoS flow corresponds to a first QoS parameter, and the first QoS parameter includes first information.

[0099] According to the third aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the third aspect, the first information instructs the second device to perform joint source channel encoding on data associated with the first QoS flow.

[0100] According to a fourth aspect, there is provided a communication method, the method being applied to a system, the system including a first device, a second device, and a third device, the method including:

[0101] The third device sends first parameters to the server, where the first parameters are used by the server to perform source encoding on the first data, and the first parameters include at least one of the following: a source quantization parameter, a coding rate in the source encoding, a code length in the source encoding, or a base matrix in the source encoding.

[0102] The third device receives second data from the server, the second data being data obtained by the server performing source encoding on the first data based on the first parameter, and the third device transmits the second data to the second device.

[0103] The second device performs channel encoding on the second data and transmits third data to the first device, where the third data is data obtained by performing channel encoding on the second data.

[0104] According to a fourth aspect, before the third device transmits the first parameter to the server, the method includes:

[0105] The second device determines the first parameter based on at least one of the second parameter and the third parameter.

[0106] The second parameters include at least one of the following: type of source encoder, rate-distortion mapping model for I frames, rate-distortion mapping model for P frames, rate-distortion mapping model for B frames, size of group of pictures GOP, type of each frame in the GOP, number of slices in each frame, length of each slice, motion vectors for predictive coding, source entropy rate, or source encoder processing delay information.

[0107] The third parameter indicates channel quality information between the second device and the first device.

[0108] The second device transmits the first parameter to the third device.

[0109] According to the fourth aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the fourth aspect, the method further includes:

[0110] The third device receives the second parameter from the server, and the second device receives the second parameter from the third device.

[0111] Alternatively, the second device receives a third parameter from the first device.

[0112] According to the fourth aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the fourth aspect, the method further includes:

[0113] The second device determines a fourth parameter based on at least one of the second parameter and the third parameter, and the fourth parameter includes at least one of the following: a coding rate in the channel encoding, a code length in the channel encoding, or a base matrix in the channel encoding.

[0114] The second device performs channel encoding on the second data based on the fourth parameter.

[0115] According to the fourth aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the fourth aspect, before the server sends the second parameter to the second device via the third device, the method includes:

[0116] The server receives first capability information from the third device, the first capability information indicating at least one of a joint source channel encoding capability, a joint source channel decoding capability, or a joint source channel coding capability of the second device.

[0117] According to the fourth aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the fourth aspect, before the server sends the second parameter to the second device via the third device, the method includes:

[0118] The server receives second capability information from the third device, where the second capability information indicates at least one of a joint source channel encoding capability, a joint source channel decoding capability, or a joint source channel coding capability of the first device.

[0119] According to the fourth aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the fourth aspect, before the server receives the first capability information from the third device, the method includes the third device receiving the first capability information from the second device.

[0120] According to the fourth aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the fourth aspect, before the server receives the second capability information from the third device, the method includes the third device receiving the second capability information from the second device.

[0121] According to the fourth aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the fourth aspect, the first capability information and the second capability information may be located in different messages or may be located in the same message.

[0122] According to the fourth aspect or any one of the implementations of the fourth aspect, Before the server transmits the second parameter to the second device via the third device, the method includes the first device, the second device, and the third device determining a first protocol data unit (PDU) session, the first PDU session providing a connection between the first device and the server.

[0123] According to the fourth aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the fourth aspect, the first data is first streaming media data, the second data is second streaming media data, and the third data is third streaming media data.

[0124] According to the fourth aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the fourth aspect, the first streaming media data is first video data, the second streaming media data is second video data, and the third streaming media data is third video data.

[0125] According to the fourth aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the fourth aspect, the third device transmits first information to the second device, where the first information instructs the second device to perform joint source channel encoding, or the first information instructs the second device to jointly optimize source channel encoding parameters.

[0126] According to the fourth aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the fourth aspect, the first PDU session includes a first quality of service QoS flow, the first QoS flow corresponds to a first QoS profile, the first QoS profile includes a first QoS parameter, the first QoS parameter includes first information, and the first data is associated with the first QoS flow.

[0127] According to the fourth aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the fourth aspect, the first information instructs the second device to perform joint source channel encoding on data associated with the first QoS flow, or the first information instructs the second device to jointly optimize source channel encoding parameters for data associated with the first QoS flow.

[0128] According to the fourth aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the fourth aspect, the third device transmits third information to the first device, and the third information instructs the first device to perform at least one of joint source channel encoding, joint source channel decoding, or source encoding.

[0129] According to a fifth aspect, there is provided a communication method, the method being applied on a second device, sending first parameters to a third device, the first parameters being used by the server to perform source encoding on the first data, the first parameters including at least one of the following: a source quantization parameter, a coding rate in the source encoding, a code length in the source encoding, or a fundamental matrix in the source encoding; receiving second data from a third device, the second data being data obtained by performing source encoding on the first data based on the first parameter by the server; and a step of performing, by the second device, channel encoding on the second data and transmitting third data to the first device, wherein the third data is data obtained by performing channel encoding on the second data.

[0130] According to a fifth aspect, before transmitting the first parameter to the third device, the method comprises: determining a first parameter based on at least one of the second parameter and the third parameter; the second parameters include at least one of the following: a type of source encoder, a rate-distortion mapping model for I frames, a rate-distortion mapping model for P frames, a rate-distortion mapping model for B frames, a size of a group of pictures GOP, a type of each frame in the GOP, a number of slices in each frame, a length of each slice, a motion vector for predictive coding, a source entropy rate, or source encoder processing delay information; and a third parameter indicating channel quality information between the second device and the first device; and transmitting the first parameter to a third device.

[0131] According to the fifth aspect or any one of the implementations of the fifth aspect, a method comprises: receiving second parameters from a third device; or The method further includes receiving a third parameter from the first device.

[0132] According to the fifth aspect or any one of the implementations of the fifth aspect, a method comprises: The method further includes a step of transmitting first capability information to a third device, wherein the first capability information indicates at least one of a joint source channel encoding capability, a joint source channel decoding capability, or a joint source channel coding capability of the second device.

[0133] According to the fifth aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the fifth aspect, when determining the first parameter, the second device further determines a fourth parameter.

[0134] The second device performs channel encoding on the second data based on the fourth parameter.

[0135] According to the fifth aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the fifth aspect, the fourth parameter includes at least one of the following: a coding rate in channel encoding, a code length in channel encoding, or a base matrix in encoding.

[0136] According to the fifth aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the fifth aspect, the first parameter is the same as the fourth parameter, and the first parameter or the fourth parameter includes at least one of the following: a source quantization parameter, a coding rate in source encoding, a code length in source encoding, a base matrix in source encoding, a coding rate in channel encoding, a code length in channel encoding, or a base matrix in channel encoding.

[0137] According to the fifth aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the fifth aspect, before receiving the second data from the third device, the method includes the second device, the third device, and the first device determining a first protocol data unit (PDU) session, the first PDU session providing a connection between the first device and the server.

[0138] According to the fifth aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the fifth aspect, the second data is second streaming media data, and the third data is third streaming media data.

[0139] According to the fifth aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the fifth aspect, the second streaming media data is second video data, the third streaming media data is third video data, the first parameters are source encoding parameters, and the third parameters are video encoder parameters.

[0140] According to the fifth aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the fifth aspect, the second device receives first information from the third device, and the first information instructs the second device to perform joint source channel encoding, or the first information instructs the second device to jointly optimize source channel encoding parameters.

[0141] According to the fifth aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the fifth aspect, the first PDU session includes a first quality of service QoS flow, the first QoS flow corresponds to a first QoS profile, the first QoS profile includes a first QoS parameter, the first QoS parameter includes first information, and the first data is associated with the first QoS flow.

[0142] According to the fifth aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the fifth aspect, the first information instructs the second device to perform joint source channel encoding on data associated with the first QoS flow, or the first information instructs the second device to jointly optimize source channel encoding parameters for data associated with the first QoS flow.

[0143] According to the fifth aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the fifth aspect, the first data is associated with a first quality of service QoS flow, the first QoS flow corresponds to a first QoS parameter, the first QoS parameter includes first information, and the first information instructs the second device to perform joint source channel encoding on the data associated with the first QoS flow.

[0144] According to a sixth aspect, there is provided a communication method, the method being applied to a system, the system including a first device, a second device, and a third device, the method including:

[0145] The first device performs joint source channel encoding on the first data based on the second parameter to obtain second data, and the first device transmits the second data to the second device.

[0146] The second device performs source channel decoding on the second data based on the second parameter to obtain third data, and the second device transmits the third data to the third device.

[0147] According to a sixth aspect, the system further includes a server, wherein before the first device transmits the second data to the second device, The first device transmits the third parameter to the third device, and the third parameter is used by the third device to perform source encoding on the third data.

[0148] The third device performs source encoding on the third data based on the third parameter in response to receiving the third data to obtain fourth data, and transmits the fourth data to the server.

[0149] According to the sixth aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the sixth aspect, before the first device performs joint source channel encoding on the first data, The first device performs source decoding on the first data.

[0150] According to the sixth aspect or any one of the implementations of the sixth aspect, the first device performs source decoding on the first data at a first protocol layer.

[0151] According to the sixth aspect or any one of the implementations of the sixth aspect, the first protocol layer is a protocol data unit (PDU) layer, or the first protocol layer is located below a PDU layer.

[0152] According to the sixth aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the sixth aspect, a packet header corresponding to the first protocol layer includes a third parameter.

[0153] According to the sixth aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the sixth aspect, before the first device transmits the second data to the second device, The first device transmits second capability information to the third device, the second capability information indicating at least one of a joint source channel encoding capability, a joint source channel decoding capability, or a joint source channel coding capability of the first device.

[0154] According to the sixth aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the sixth aspect, before the first device transmits the second data to the second device, The third device sends a first parameter to the first device based on the second capability information, where the first parameter instructs the first device to perform joint source channel encoding.

[0155] According to a seventh aspect, there is provided a communication method, the method being applied to a first device, the method comprising: transmitting second parameters to a second device, the second parameters being used by the second device to perform source channel decoding on the second data; performing joint source channel encoding on the first data to obtain second data, and transmitting the second data to the second device.

[0156] According to a seventh aspect, before transmitting the second data to the second device, The third parameter is sent to the third device, and the third parameter is used by the third device to perform source encoding on the third data.

[0157] According to the seventh aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the seventh aspect, before performing joint source channel encoding on the first data, Source decoding is performed on the first data based on the third parameter.

[0158] According to the seventh aspect or any one of the implementations of the seventh aspect, source decoding is performed on the first data at a first protocol layer.

[0159] According to the seventh aspect or any one of the implementations of the seventh aspect, the first protocol layer is a protocol data unit (PDU) layer, or the first protocol layer is located below a PDU layer.

[0160] According to the seventh aspect or any one of the implementation forms of the seventh aspect, a packet header corresponding to the first protocol layer includes a third parameter.

[0161] According to an eighth aspect, there is provided a communication apparatus, the communication apparatus including one or more processors, the one or more processors coupled to one or more memories, the one or more memories configured to store computer programs or instructions, and the one or more processors configured to execute the computer programs or instructions stored in the one or more memories to enable the apparatus to perform any one of the implementations of the first aspect to the fifth aspect or the implementations of the first aspect to the seventh aspect.

[0162] According to a ninth aspect, there is provided a computer-readable storage medium comprising a program or instructions, which, when executed on a processor, performs any one of the implementations of the first to seventh aspects or the first to fifth aspects.

[0163] According to a tenth aspect, there is provided a chip, the chip including a processor and a communication interface, the communication interface coupled to the processor, the processor configured to execute a computer program or instructions to perform any one of the implementation forms of the first to fifth aspects or the implementation forms of the first to seventh aspects. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0164] [Figure 1] 1 is a diagram of source coding and channel coding used in video transmission. [Figure 2] 1 is a diagram of a joint source-channel coding method used in video transmission. [Figure 3] Diagram of 5G network architecture. [Figure 4] FIG. 1 is a diagram of the protocol stack during wireless transmission of video. [Figure 5] 1 is a schematic flowchart of joint source channel encoding of data according to Embodiment 1 of the present application; [Figure 6] FIG. 1 is a diagram of a data distribution procedure according to Embodiment 1 of the present application. [Figure 7] FIG. 10 is a diagram of determining joint source channel coding parameters by a second device according to Embodiment 1 of the present application; [Figure 8] 1 is a schematic flowchart of transmitting a first parameter according to Embodiment 1 of the present application; [Figure 9] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating performing source decoding on data by a third device according to Embodiment 1 of the present application. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a diagram of instructing a first device to perform decryption by a third device according to Embodiment 1 of the present application; [Figure 11] FIG. 10 is a diagram of the transmission of capability information by a first device and a second device to a third device according to Embodiment 1 of the present application; [Figure 12]FIG. 10 is a diagram of transmitting decoding parameters to a first device by a second device according to Embodiment 1 of the present application; [Figure 13] FIG. 1 is a diagram of the overall communication interaction procedure between devices according to Embodiment 1 of the present application. [Figure 14] FIG. 10 is a diagram of a communication interaction procedure between devices according to Embodiment 2 of the present application; [Figure 15] FIG. 10 is a diagram of an extended protocol stack according to embodiment 2 of the present application. [Figure 16] FIG. 10 is a diagram of a communication interaction procedure between devices according to Embodiment 3 of the present application. [Figure 17] FIG. 10 is a diagram of a complete communication interaction procedure between devices according to Embodiment 3 of the present application. [Figure 18] FIG. 10 is a diagram of a communication interaction procedure between devices according to Embodiment 4 of the present application. [Figure 19] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an instruction by a third device to a first device to perform joint source channel encoding on data according to Embodiment 5 of the present application; [Figure 20] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a third device sending a message to a first device in a scenario involving a specific network element according to Embodiment 5 of the present application. [Figure 21] FIG. 10 is a diagram of a communication interaction procedure in an uplink data scenario according to embodiment 5 of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0165] The following detailed description will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although several embodiments of the present application are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present application may be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments described herein, but instead, these embodiments are provided for a more thorough and complete understanding of the present application. It should be understood that the accompanying drawings and embodiments of the present application are merely used as examples and are not used to limit the protection scope of the present application.

[0166] Embodiments of the present application may be implemented in accordance with any suitable communication protocol, including, but not limited to, cellular communication protocols such as 3rd Generation (3G), 4th Generation (4G), 5th Generation (5G), and 6th Generation (6G), wireless local area network communication protocols such as Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11, or any other protocol now known or developed in the future.

[0167] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application may be used in a communication system conforming to any suitable communication protocol, such as a General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) system, a Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), an Enhanced Data rate for GSM Evolution (EDGE) system, a Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), a Long Term Evolution (LTE) system, a Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) system, a Code Division Multiple Access 2000 (CDMA2000) system, a Time Division-Synchronization Code Division Multiple Access (TD-SCDMA) system, a Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) system, a Time Division Duplex (TDD) system, a 5th Generation system or a New Radio (New Radio) system. This applies to NR (Radio) systems, or future evolved 6th generation communication systems.

[0168] The data referred to in the present application, in particular the data used for transmission such as the first data, the second data and the third data, may be understood as streaming media data and may further be audiovisual data such as video or audio.

[0169] For example, Figure 1 shows a transmission scenario in which individual source channel coding is used. After an entropy encoding 02 step is performed on a data source 01, a channel encoding 03 is performed in a physical layer (PHY) 10. After the encoded data is transmitted over a channel 04, a channel decoding 05 is also performed in the PHY 10, followed by an entropy decoding 06, to obtain a data output 07.

[0170] However, a problem with individual source channel coding is that the reception quality of the data deteriorates rapidly as the signal-to-noise ratio decreases.

[0171] For example, Figure 2 shows another transmission scenario. Compared with the scenario shown in Figure 1, the differences between the scenario shown in Figure 2 and the scenario shown in Figure 1 are as follows: the source-channel encoding parameters are obtained by joint optimization based on a rate allocation algorithm 08 and the conditions of the channel 04, where the conditions can be, for example, channel state information (CSI), a channel quality indicator (CQI), a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), or a signal-to-interference plus noise ratio (SINR). The entropy encoding 02 used for source encoding can be replaced with an encoding scheme, such as low-density parity check (LDPC) encoding or polar encoding, which is the same as the channel encoding 03. By performing joint processing on the source and channel (joint source-channel encoding 20), data transmission quality can be improved. Correspondingly, joint processing can be performed on the receiving side for channel decoding 05 and source entropy decoding 06 (joint source-channel decoding 30). The joint source channel processing method is called joint source channel coding. Compared with the separate coding method, this method can overcome or mitigate the cliff effect on data reception quality caused by a decrease in signal-to-noise ratio.

[0172] Currently, people watch online videos through wireless transmissions. For example, Figure 3 shows a 5G system architecture in which interfaces between network elements are named in different ways. The 5G system architecture is a specific application scenario of an embodiment of the present application.

[0173] The following describes the functions of the network elements in the system in this application.

[0174] A 5G radio access network (RAN) is a network that includes multiple 5G RAN nodes and performs functions of the radio physical layer, resource scheduling and radio resource management, radio access control, and mobility management. The 5G RAN is connected to a user plane function (UPF) network element via a user plane interface N3 to transfer UE data. The RAN establishes a control plane signaling connection to an Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) network element of the core network via a control plane interface N2 to perform functions such as radio access bearer control.

[0175] The AMF network element is primarily responsible for functions such as user equipment (UE) authentication, UE mobility management, network slice selection, and Session Management Function (SMF) network element selection. The AMF network element acts as an anchor for N1 and N2 signaling connections, provides routing of N1 and N2 Session Management (SM) messages to SMF network elements, and maintains and manages UE status information.

[0176] The SMF network element is connected to the AMF network element via the N11 interface and is primarily responsible for all control plane functions for UE session management, including User Plane Function (UPF) network element selection, Internet Protocol (IP) address allocation, session Quality of Service (QoS) attribute management, and Policy Control and Charging (PCC) rule retrieval from the Policy Control Function (PCF) network element.

[0177] The PCF network element is connected to the SMF network element via an N7 interface and to the AMF network element via an N15 interface. The PCF network element is configured to generate and store PCC rules related to session management and provide the PCC rules to the SMF network element, and is further configured to generate policy information related to mobility management and provide the policy information for the AMF network element.

[0178] The UPF network element is connected to the SMF network element via the N4 interface. The UPF network element acts as the anchor for Protocol Data Unit (PDU) session connections and is responsible for user equipment data packet filtering, data transmission / forwarding, rate control, and UE charging information generation.

[0179] The NEF network element is a network capability publishing functional entity responsible for publishing network capabilities to the outside world. Network capabilities include a monitoring capability, a provisioning capability, a policy / charging capability, and an analytics reporting capability. The monitoring capability is for monitoring specific events for UEs in a 5G system. The provisioning capability is for enabling external parties to provide information that can be used by UEs in the 5G system. The policy / charging capability is for processing QoS and charging policies for UEs based on external requests. The analytics reporting capability is for enabling external parties to obtain analytics information generated by the 5G system or subscribe / unsubscribe to analytics information.

[0180] The AF network element is an application service function entity that provides data services such as video to users based on content from the operator network or third-party over-the-top (OTT) services.

[0181] It should be understood that all the network elements shown in Figure 3 may be independent of each other, or two or more network elements may be integrated together, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0182] The UE may be a mobile phone, a tablet, a customer-premises equipment (CPE), a computer, an in-vehicle device, or a similar terminal device with wireless access capabilities.

[0183] The server, also called an application server, may be any platform, device, program, etc. that provides application service content or services for the communication system in this application, and may be, for example, a streaming media server.

[0184] For example, FIG. 4 shows a protocol stack when data is transmitted based on the system architecture of FIG.

[0185] For downlink data transmission services, source encoding of data is performed in the application layer 040 of the server 021. The data bit stream obtained by performing source encoding on the data is transmitted to the RAN 022 via the UPF 023. The PHY 041 of the RAN 022 performs channel encoding on the data bit stream transmitted by the upper layer protocol stack, and then transmits the data bit stream to the terminal 020 via the air interface. The terminal 020 performs channel decoding in the PHY 042 and source decoding in the application layer 043.

[0186] Similarly, for an uplink data transmission service, source encoding of data is performed in the application layer 043 of the terminal 020, and channel encoding is performed in the PHY 042 of the terminal 020. The terminal 020 transmits a data bit stream obtained by performing channel encoding on the data to the RAN 022 via the air interface. The RAN 022 performs channel decoding in the PHY 041, and then transmits the data bit stream to an upper protocol layer, and then transmits the data bit stream to the server 021 via the UPF 023. The server 021 performs source decoding in the application layer 040.

[0187] Through analysis, the researchers found that for the RAN and third devices, when the data stream is transmitted within the protocol stack, the data at the application layer is transmitted transparently within the procedure, and there is no interface for performing joint source channel encoding.

[0188] The above-described deficiencies are addressed by five embodiments, namely, Embodiment 1 to Embodiment 5, with reference to the accompanying drawings. Embodiment 1 is related to FIGS. 5 to 13, Embodiment 2 is related to FIGS. 14 to 15, Embodiment 3 is related to FIGS. 16 to 17, Embodiment 4 is related to FIG. 18, and Embodiment 5 is related to FIGS. 19 to 21. Source encoding in the present application may alternatively be replaced with source entropy encoding, and source decoding may alternatively be replaced with source entropy decoding. Before data in the present application is transmitted to another device, different packet headers may be added or removed, or operations such as segmentation, encryption, and decryption may be performed at different protocol layers. This is not limited in the present application. For example, a core network receives first data from a server, and the core network transmits the first data to an access network. Although both the first data received by the core network and the first data transmitted by the core network are referred to as the first data, different packet headers may be added to or removed from the first data at different protocol layers before the core network transmits the first data to the access network.

[0189] Embodiment 1 Embodiment 1 is a joint source channel encoding method for downlink data. For example, the downlink data corresponds to a video service and is data transmitted by a server to a terminal. The server performs source encoding on the downlink data and then transmits the data to a User Plane Function (UPF) of a core network. The UPF performs source entropy decoding on the data transmitted by the server and then transmits the data to an access network (e.g., referred to as a RAN or a base station, where the RAN is used as an example for the following description). Optionally, the RAN may further obtain source channel encoding parameters through joint optimization based on the video encoder parameters delivered by the server and the channel condition information parameters reported by the terminal, and the RAN uses the parameters to perform joint source channel encoding on the corresponding data.

[0190] Embodiment 1 includes Fig. 5 to Fig. 13. Fig. 5 is a diagram showing a joint source channel encoding procedure for data in a system. Fig. 6 is a procedure for distributing data from a server. Fig. 7 is a procedure for the second device 101 to determine joint source channel encoding parameters. Fig. 8 is a procedure for transmitting first parameters related to the procedure. Fig. 9 is a related procedure for the third device 102 to perform source decoding on data. Fig. 10 shows the third device instructing the first device to perform source channel decoding on specified data. Fig. 11 is a procedure for the first device 103 and the second device 101 to transmit capability information to the third device 102. Fig. 12 is a procedure for the second device 101 to transmit joint source channel encoding parameters to the first device 103. Fig. 13 is an overall communication interaction procedure between devices according to one embodiment.

[0191] For example, a server, a first device, a second device, and a third device are used as an example to specifically describe a joint source channel encoding method among the server, the first device, the second device, and the third device, where the first device is a terminal device, the second device is an access network device, and the third device is a core network device.

[0192] It should be noted that in this specification, the first device, the second device, and the third device are only used as examples for explanation, and joint source channel encoding methods among more devices are also included in the scope of this application.

[0193] Optionally, the server, the first device, the second device and the third device may form a communication system.

[0194] For example, as shown in FIG. 5, the method includes the following steps:

[0195] S105: The third device 102 sends first information to the second device 101, where the first information instructs the second device 101 to perform joint source channel encoding.

[0196] S106: The third device 102 transmits the first data to the second device 101.

[0197] S107: The second device 101 performs joint source channel encoding on the first data, and the encoded first data is the second data.

[0198] S108: The second device 101 transmits the second data to the first device 103.

[0199] If possible, the end-to-end data transmission between the first device and the server is associated with a first PDU session. For example, the first device may initiate a request to establish the first PDU session, or the third device may trigger the first device to initiate a request to establish the first PDU session. The first PDU session includes a first Quality of Service (QoS) flow, the first QoS flow corresponds to a first QoS profile, the first QoS profile includes first QoS parameters, the first QoS parameters include first information, and the first data is associated with the first QoS flow. For example, the second device 101 is an access network device, and the third device 102 is a core network device. The UPF of the third device 102 receives a video service from the server, and the video service is mapped to the first QoS flow for transmission. The PCF of the third device 102 can generate corresponding policy and charging control (PCC) rules and deliver the corresponding PCC rules to the SMF. The SMF may generate QoS parameters for the first QoS flow based on the received PCC rule, and then the SMF may send a QoS profile corresponding to the first QoS flow to the second device 101. The QoS profile includes the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow, and the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow include first information, and the first information instructs the second device 101 to perform joint source channel encoding on data associated with the first QoS flow. When receiving first data from the third device 102 and determining that the first data is associated with the first QoS flow, the second device 101 may determine whether to perform joint source channel encoding on the first data based on the first information included in the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow.For example, the second device 101 may map a first QoS flow to a first data radio bearer (DRB) at a service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) layer, and if it determines to perform joint source channel encoding on data associated with the first QoS flow, the second device 101 may perform joint source channel encoding on data corresponding to the first DRB at the PHY.

[0200] If possible, the first information may be set to "enable" or "disable." If the first information is set to "enable," the second device 101 is instructed to perform joint source channel encoding. If the first information is set to "disable," the second device 101 is instructed not to perform joint source channel encoding. Furthermore, the third device 102 may instruct the second device 101 whether to perform joint source channel encoding for specific data in the QoS flow based on a combination of the first information and the QoS flow information.

[0201] Further explanation of S106 may be seen in FIG.

[0202] S110: The server 104 transmits the third data to the third device 102.

[0203] S111: The third device 102 transmits the first data to the second device 101.

[0204] When possible, the first data is associated with third data. For example, after receiving the third data from the server and before sending the first data to the second device 101, the third device 102 performs source decoding on the third data to obtain the first data, or obtains the first data without performing source decoding on the third data.

[0205] If possible, the first data is the same as the third data. For example, after receiving the third data from the server and before sending the first data to the second device 101, the third device 102 obtains the first data without performing source decoding on the third data.

[0206] Further explanation of S107 may be seen in FIG.

[0207] S120: The third device 102 transmits the first parameter to the second device 101.

[0208] If possible, the first parameters include at least one of the following: type of source encoder, rate-distortion mapping model for I frames, rate-distortion mapping model for P frames, rate-distortion mapping model for B frames, size of group of pictures GOP, type of each frame in the GOP, number of slices in each frame, length of each slice, motion vectors for predictive coding, source entropy rate, or source encoder processing delay information.

[0209] S121: The first device 103 sends a second parameter to the second device 101, where the second parameter indicates channel quality information between the second device and the first device.

[0210] Where possible, the second parameter includes at least one of the following: CSI, CQI, SNR, or SINR.

[0211] S122: The second device 101 determines a third parameter based on at least one of the first parameter or the second parameter, and after receiving the first data, performs joint source channel encoding on the first data using the third parameter, and the encoded first data is the second data.

[0212] If possible, the second device 101 receives a second parameter from the first device and, if it receives a first parameter from the third device, determines a third parameter based on the first parameter and the second parameter.

[0213] If possible, if the second device 101 receives only the first parameter or the second parameter, the second device determines the third parameter based on the received parameter.

[0214] If possible, the second device 101 does not receive the first parameter or the second parameter, in which case the second device 101 uses a preconfigured third parameter or determines the third parameter by itself.

[0215] If possible, the third parameter includes at least one of the following: a source quantization parameter, a coding rate in source encoding, a code length in source encoding, a base matrix in source encoding, a coding rate in channel encoding, a code length in channel encoding, or a base matrix in channel encoding.

[0216] Regarding S120, optionally, as shown in FIG. 8,

[0217] S130: The server 104 sends the first parameter to the third device 102.

[0218] S131: The third device 102 transmits the first parameter to the second device 101.

[0219] S130 is executed before S131. Specifically, the third device 102 first receives first parameters from the server 104 and then transmits the first parameters to the second device 101. For example, the first PDU session includes a first QoS flow, and the first PDU session is associated with a first AF session. In the process of establishing the first AF session, the AF transmits the first parameters to the third device 102. For example, the AF includes the first parameters in an "Nnef_AFsessionWithQoS_Create request" message. After receiving the first parameters, the PCF of the third device 102 may generate a corresponding PCC rule and deliver the PCC rule to the SMF. The SMF generates QoS parameters for the first QoS flow based on the received PCC rule, and then the SMF can transmit a QoS profile corresponding to the first QoS flow to the second device 101. The QoS profile includes the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow, and the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow include the first parameter, i.e., the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow may include both the first information and the first parameter.

[0220] If possible, S130 is performed before S106 described above.

[0221] Based on the above case, optionally, when the server performs source encoding on the transmitted data, there is a procedure shown in FIG.

[0222] S140: The server 104 sends the fourth parameter to the third device 102.

[0223] If possible, the fourth parameter includes at least one of the following: type of source encoder, code length in source encoding, code rate in source encoding, source entropy rate, encryption parameters, or decoding parameters.

[0224] If possible, the data to be transmitted is not encrypted and there is no encryption requirement, the fourth parameter does not include encryption or decryption parameters.

[0225] For example, the first PDU session includes a first QoS flow, and the first PDU session is associated with a first AF session. In the process of establishing the first AF session, the AF sends a fourth parameter to the third device 102. For example, the AF includes the fourth parameter in an “Nnef_AFsessionWithQoS_Create request” message.

[0226] S141: The third device 102 performs source decoding on the third data using the fourth parameter, and the decoded third data is the first data.

[0227] If possible, the third device 102 performs source decoding on the third data at the PDU protocol layer.

[0228] If possible, the third device 102 performs source decoding on the third data in a newly added protocol layer below the PDU layer, for example, the newly added protocol layer is located between the PDU protocol layer and the SDAP protocol layer.

[0229] When available, the protocol layer packet header for source decoding includes a fourth parameter, which may be the PDU layer as described above or a newly added protocol layer.

[0230] If possible, source encoding is not performed on the third data in the server. Therefore, the third device 102 does not need to perform source decoding on the third data. In this case, the third device can complete the conversion from the third data to the first data by simply replacing the packet headers required for the third data.

[0231] S142: The third device 102 transmits the first data to the second device 101.

[0232] If possible, S140 is performed before S106 above.

[0233] Based on the above case, for example, as shown in Figure 10,

[0234] S150: The third device 102 sends third information to the first device 103, where the third information instructs the first device to perform at least one of joint source channel encoding, source channel decoding, and source encoding.

[0235] If possible, the third device 102 transmits the third information to the first device 103 via the second device 101. For example, the third device 102 transmits the third information to the first device 103 via non-access stratum (NAS) signaling, where the third information instructs the first device 103 to perform an operation related to source channel decoding on data associated with the first QoS flow. After receiving the second data, the first device 103 determines that the second data is associated with the first QoS flow. In this case, the third device 102 may perform source encoding on the second data at the PDU layer or a newly added protocol layer below the PDU layer, and then transmit the second data to the application layer for source decoding at the application layer. Before performing source encoding on the second data at the PDU layer or a newly added protocol layer below the PDU layer, the third device 102 may further perform joint source channel decoding or individual source channel decoding on the second data at the PHY. If possible, S150 is performed before S106 described above.

[0236] Based on the above case, for example, as shown in Figure 11,

[0237] S160: The second device 101 transmits first capability information to the third device 102, the first capability information indicating at least one of the joint source channel encoding capability, the joint source channel decoding capability, or the joint source channel coding capability of the second device 101.

[0238] If possible, the first capability information does not need to be transmitted and the third device 102 pre-configures the capability information.

[0239] S161: The first device 103 transmits second capability information to the third device 102, where the second capability information indicates at least one of the first device 103's joint source channel encoding capability, joint source channel decoding capability, or joint source channel coding capability.

[0240] If possible, the first device 103 sends the second capability information directly to the third device 102 .

[0241] If possible, after parsing the message for the first device 103 received in S161, the second device 101 reconstructs the message and transmits it to the third device 102 in S162.

[0242] If possible, the second device 101 transmits the message for the first device 103 received in S161 directly and transparently to the third device 102.

[0243] If possible, the third device 102 receives the information of S160 and S161 in the same message.

[0244] If possible, steps S160 to S162 are performed before step S105 described above.

[0245] If possible, the first information in the above-mentioned S105 is determined based on at least one of the first capability information and the second capability information.

[0246] If possible, the third information in S150 above is determined based on at least one of the first capability information and the second capability information.

[0247] If possible, steps S160 to S162 are performed before step S150 described above.

[0248] If possible, the third device 102 transmits the first capability information or the second capability information to the server 104 before S105 described above.

[0249] If possible, the server 104 transmits the first parameter in the above-mentioned S130 or the fourth parameter in the above-mentioned S140 in response to the received first capability information or second capability information.

[0250] Based on the above case, optionally, as shown in FIG.

[0251] S170: The second device 101 sends a fifth parameter to the first device 103, and the fifth parameter is used by the first device 103 to perform at least one of source decoding, channel decoding, or joint source-channel decoding on the second data, and the fifth parameter includes at least one of the following: type of source encoder, coding rate in source encoding, code length in source encoding, base matrix in source encoding, source entropy rate, type of channel encoder, coding rate in channel encoding, code length in channel encoding, or base matrix in channel encoding.

[0252] If possible, a Media Access Control (MAC) layer of the second device 101 generates one or more transport blocks (TBs) based on the data in the first DRB. The PHY of the second device 101 performs joint source channel encoding on the one or more TBs. The one or more encoded TBs are then carried on one or more physical downlink shared channels (PDSCHs) and transmitted to the first device 103. The second device 101 may send fifth parameters corresponding to the one or more PDSCHs to the first device 103 using radio resource controller (RRC) signaling, a Media Access Control control element (MAC CE), or downlink control information (DCI) for the first device 103 to decode the TBs carried on the one or more PDSCHs.

[0253] If possible, S170 is performed before the second data is sent to the first device 103 in S108 described above.

[0254] For example, as shown in Figure 13, a long procedure combines several of the above features to provide a more intuitive understanding of the overall interaction.

[0255] S1010: The third device 102 acquires the first capability information of the second device 101.

[0256] If possible, the first capability information does not need to be transmitted and the third device 102 pre-configures the capability information.

[0257] S1020: The third device 102 acquires the second capability information of the first device 103.

[0258] If possible, the second capability information is included in the PDU session establishment request message sent by the first device 103.

[0259] If possible, the first PDU session includes a first quality of service QoS flow, the first QoS flow corresponds to a first QoS profile, the first QoS profile includes a first QoS parameter, the first QoS parameter includes first information, and the first data is associated with the first QoS flow.

[0260] If possible, the first information may be set to "enable" or "disable." If the first information is set to "enable," the second device 101 is instructed to perform joint source channel encoding. If the first information is set to "disable," the second device 101 is instructed not to perform joint source channel encoding. Furthermore, the third device 102 may instruct the second device 101 whether to perform joint source channel encoding for specific data in the QoS flow based on a combination of the first information and the QoS flow information.

[0261] If possible, the first device 103 transmits the second capability information to the third device 102 via the second device 101 .

[0262] S1030: The third device 102 sends first information to the second device 101, where the first information instructs the second device 101 to perform joint source channel encoding.

[0263] If possible, the first information in the above-mentioned S105 is determined based on at least one of the first capability information and the second capability information.

[0264] S1040: The third device 102 sends third information to the first device 103, where the third information instructs the first device to perform at least one of joint source channel encoding, source channel decoding, and source encoding.

[0265] If possible, the third information in the above-mentioned S105 is determined based on at least one of the first capability information and the second capability information.

[0266] If possible, the third device 102 performs S1030 and S1040 using the same message.

[0267] S1050: The third device 102 obtains the first parameter from the server 104.

[0268] If possible, the first parameters include at least one of the following: type of source encoder, rate-distortion mapping model for I frames, rate-distortion mapping model for P frames, rate-distortion mapping model for B frames, size of group of pictures GOP, type of each frame in the GOP, number of slices in each frame, length of each slice, motion vectors for predictive coding, source entropy rate, or source encoder processing delay information.

[0269] If possible, S1050 is preceded by step S1050A, in which the third device 102 exposes to the server 104 the capability information obtained in S1010 or S1020.

[0270] Based on the above possible cases, if possible, the first parameter of S1050 of the server 104 is sent in response to receiving the published capability information in S1050A.

[0271] If possible, the first parameter is sent by the server 104 to the third device 102 using an AF session establishment related message.

[0272] S1060: The third device 102 transmits the first parameter to the second device 101.

[0273] If possible, the first parameters include at least one of the following: type of source encoder, rate-distortion mapping model for I frames, rate-distortion mapping model for P frames, rate-distortion mapping model for B frames, size of group of pictures GOP, type of each frame in the GOP, number of slices in each frame, length of each slice, motion vectors for predictive coding, source entropy rate, or source encoder processing delay information.

[0274] S1070: The first device 103 transmits the second parameter to the second device 101.

[0275] If possible, the second parameter indicates channel condition information between the first device 103 and the second device 101, and the second parameter includes at least one of the following: CSI, CQI, SNR, or SINR.

[0276] If possible, the second parameter is reported after the second device 101 instructs the first device 103 to perform a periodic or aperiodic measurement.

[0277] S1080: The second device 101 determines a third parameter based on at least one of the first parameter or the second parameter.

[0278] If possible, the second device 101 receives a second parameter from the first device and, if it receives a first parameter from the third device, determines a third parameter based on the first parameter and the second parameter.

[0279] If possible, if the second device 101 receives only the first parameter or the second parameter, the second device 101 can determine the third parameter based on the received parameter.

[0280] If possible, the second device 101 does not receive the first parameter or the second parameter, in which case the second device 101 uses a preconfigured third parameter or determines the third parameter by itself.

[0281] Based on the above case where the second device 101 receives parameters, in possible cases the first device 103 and the third device 102 do not have a mechanism for transmitting the relevant parameters.

[0282] If possible, the third parameter includes at least one of the following: a source quantization parameter, a coding rate in source encoding, a code length in source encoding, a base matrix in source encoding, a coding rate in channel encoding, a code length in channel encoding, or a base matrix in channel encoding.

[0283] S1090: The second device 101 transmits the fifth parameter to the first device 103.

[0284] If possible, the fifth parameter includes at least one of the following: type of source encoder, coding rate in source encoding, code length in source encoding, base matrix in source encoding, source entropy rate, type of channel encoder, coding rate in channel encoding, code length in channel encoding, or base matrix in channel encoding.

[0285] If possible, the fifth parameter is determined based on the third parameter.

[0286] S1100: The third device 102 obtains a fourth parameter from the server 104.

[0287] If possible, the fourth parameter includes at least one of the following: type of source encoder, code length in source encoding, code rate in source encoding, source entropy rate, encryption parameters, or decoding parameters.

[0288] If possible, the data to be transmitted is not encrypted and there is no encryption requirement, the fourth parameter does not include encryption or decryption parameters.

[0289] In one embodiment, the encryption and decryption parameters may alternatively be combined into one.

[0290] S1110: The server 104 transmits the third data to the third device 102.

[0291] S1120: The third device 102 performs source decoding on the third data using the fourth parameter, and the decoded third data is the first data.

[0292] If possible, the third device 102 performs source decoding on the third data at the PDU protocol layer.

[0293] If possible, the third device 102 performs source decoding on the third data in a newly added protocol layer below the PDU layer.

[0294] When available, the protocol layer packet header for source decoding includes a fourth parameter, which may be the PDU layer as described above or a newly added protocol layer.

[0295] If possible, source encoding is not performed on the third data in the server. Therefore, the third device 102 does not need to perform source decoding on the third data either, and the third device 102 only needs to perform packet header processing required for the corresponding protocol stack on the third data during transmission, so that the conversion from the third data to the first data can be completed. In this case, from the perspective of the payload of the original data, the first data is the same as the third data.

[0296] S1130: The third device 102 transmits the first data to the second device 101.

[0297] S1140: The second device 101 performs joint source channel encoding on the first data using the third parameter, and the encoded first data is the second data.

[0298] S1150: The second device 101 transmits the second data to the first device 103.

[0299] In the above-mentioned embodiment 1, the first device 103, the second device 101, and the third device 102 may alternatively include more specific network elements, such as the AF network elements mentioned in the possibility of S1050. The present application further provides detailed embodiment descriptions. The following specifically describes embodiment 2.

[0300] Embodiment 2 Embodiment 2 relates to Figures 14 and 15. Figure 14 shows a communication interaction procedure between devices in embodiment 2. Figure 15 shows a new protocol stack architecture in which a new protocol layer is introduced in the UPF and the terminal in embodiment 2.

[0301] For example, compared with embodiment 1, the third device 102 of embodiment 2 includes an AMF 202, a UPF 203, an SMF 204, a PCF 205, and an NEF 206. The server 104 corresponds to the AF 207 and the first data network 208, the second device 101 is represented by the RAN 201, and the first device 103 is still the first device 103.

[0302] With reference to the communication interaction procedure shown in FIG. 14, the joint source channel encoding method embodied in this embodiment will be described in detail below.

[0303] S2010: The AMF 202 acquires first capability information from the RAN 201, where the first capability information indicates at least one of a joint source channel encoding capability, a joint source channel decoding capability, or a joint source channel coding capability of the RAN 201.

[0304] If possible, the RAN 201 sends its first capability information when the RAN 201 establishes a link with the AMF 202 for the first time.

[0305] If possible, the first capability information of the RAN 201 is pre-configured on the AMF 202.

[0306] If possible, the AMF 202 receives first capability information of the RAN 201 via the N2 interface.

[0307] S2020: The AMF 202 acquires second capability information for the first device 103, where the second capability information indicates at least one of the joint source channel encoding capability, the joint source channel decoding capability, or the joint source channel coding capability of the first device 103.

[0308] If possible, the first device 103 triggers a PDU session establishment procedure, and the second capability information of the first device 103 is reported to the AMF 202 in a "PDU Session Establishment Request" message.

[0309] If possible, AMF202 receives the first capability information and the second capability information in the same message, i.e., S2010 and S2020 are performed using the same message.

[0310] S2030: The AMF 202 sends capability information to the SMF 204, and the SMF 204 sends first information or third information to the AMF 202 based on the received capability information. The first information instructs the RAN 201 to perform joint source channel encoding, and the third information instructs the first device 103 to perform at least one of joint source channel encoding, joint source channel decoding, and source encoding.

[0311] If possible, the first information is determined by the SMF 204 based on at least one of the first capability information and the second capability information.

[0312] Where possible, the third information is determined by the SMF 204 based on at least one of the first capability information and the second capability information.

[0313] If possible, the AMF 202 does not receive both the first and second capability information, in which case the SMF 204 may deliver the corresponding information based only on the reported capability information, or may deliver both the first and third information.

[0314] S2040: The AMF 202 transmits the first information to the RAN 201.

[0315] S2050: The AMF 202 transmits the third information to the first device 103.

[0316] If possible, AMF 202 performs S2040 and S2050 using the same message.

[0317] S2060: The PCF 205 acquires the first parameter from the AF 207.

[0318] If possible, the first parameters include at least one of the following: type of source encoder, rate-distortion mapping model for I frames, rate-distortion mapping model for P frames, rate-distortion mapping model for B frames, size of group of pictures GOP, type of each frame in the GOP, number of slices in each frame, length of each slice, motion vectors for predictive coding, source entropy rate, or source encoder processing delay information.

[0319] If possible, step S2030A is present before S2030, in which the AMF 202 exposes the first capability information or the second capability information to the AF 207.

[0320] For example, the message used to expose S2030A is the protocol message Namf_EventExposure_Notify.

[0321] If possible, step S2030B exists before S2030, and S2030B and S2030A do not coexist. The first capability information or the second capability information is published to the AF 207 after the NEF 206 receives a message from the AMF 202.

[0322] For example, in this case, the message used for publishing is the protocol message Nnef_EventExposure_Notify.

[0323] Based on the above possible cases, in another possible case, the AF 207 transmits the first parameter in response to receiving the published capability information.

[0324] For example, in S2030B, the message used for publishing is the protocol message Nnef_AFsessionWithQoS_Create request.

[0325] S2070: The PCF 205 transmits the first parameter to the SMF 204.

[0326] S2080: The SMF 204 transmits the first parameter to the UPF 203.

[0327] S2090: SMF204 further sends the first parameter to AMF202.

[0328] If possible, the PCF 205 sends the first parameter directly to the AMF 202, which then sends the first parameter to the SMF 204, which then sends the first parameter to the UPF 203.

[0329] S2100: The AMF 202 transmits the first parameter to the RAN 201.

[0330] For example, the AMF 202 transmits the first parameter to the RAN 201 via the N2 interface.

[0331] S2110: The first device 103 sends the second parameter to the RAN 201.

[0332] If possible, the second parameter indicates channel condition information between the first device 103 and the RAN 201, and the second parameter includes at least one of the following: CSI, CQI, SNR, or SINR.

[0333] If possible, the second parameter is reported after the RAN 201 instructs the first device 103 to perform a periodic or aperiodic measurement.

[0334] S2120: The RAN 201 determines a third parameter based on at least one of the first parameter and the second parameter.

[0335] If possible, the RAN 201 receives the second parameter from the first device and, if it receives the first parameter from the AMF 202, determines the third parameter based on the first parameter and the second parameter.

[0336] If possible, if the RAN 201 receives only the first parameter or the second parameter, the RAN 201 can determine the third parameter based on the parameter alone.

[0337] If possible, the RAN 201 does not receive the first parameter or the second parameter, in which case the RAN 201 uses a preconfigured third parameter or determines the third parameter by itself.

[0338] If possible, the third parameter includes at least one of the following: a source quantization parameter, a coding rate in source encoding, a code length in source encoding, a base matrix in source encoding, a coding rate in channel encoding, a code length in channel encoding, or a base matrix in channel encoding.

[0339] S2130: The RAN 201 sends the fifth parameter to the first device 103.

[0340] If possible, the fifth parameter includes at least one of the following: type of source encoder, coding rate in source encoding, code length in source encoding, base matrix in source encoding, source entropy rate, type of channel encoder, coding rate in channel encoding, code length in channel encoding, or base matrix in channel encoding.

[0341] If possible, the fifth parameter is determined based on the third parameter.

[0342] S2140: The AF 207 transmits the fourth parameter to the PCF 205.

[0343] If possible, in response to receiving the fourth parameter, the PCF 205 sends the fourth parameter to the SMF 204, and the SMF 204 sends the fourth parameter to the UPF 203.

[0344] If possible, the fourth parameter includes at least one of the following: type of source encoder, code length in source encoding, code rate in source encoding, source entropy rate, encryption parameters, or decoding parameters.

[0345] If possible, the data to be transmitted is not encrypted and there is no encryption requirement, the fourth parameter does not include encryption or decryption parameters.

[0346] If possible, S2140 and S2060 are performed using the same message.

[0347] S2150: The first data network 208 transmits the third data to the UPF 203.

[0348] S2160: The UPF 203 performs source decoding on the third data using the fourth parameter, and the decoded third data is the first data.

[0349] If possible, the UPF 203 performs source decoding on the third data at the PDU protocol layer.

[0350] Where possible, the UPF 203 can be applied to an extended user plane protocol stack. As shown in Figure 15, in a user plane protocol stack where the UPF 203 serves as a PDU Session Anchor, a new layer, i.e., a new protocol layer 044, is added below the PDU layer. The UPF 203 performs source decoding in the new protocol layer 044. The newly added protocol layer may have a different name, which is not a limitation of the present invention.

[0351] If possible, the protocol layer for source decoding is called the first protocol layer, and the first protocol layer packet header includes the fourth parameter. This protocol layer may be the PDU layer as described above, or it may be a newly added protocol layer.

[0352] Where possible, the actions to be performed when UPF 203 performs source decoding include: a: removing IP packet headers, sorting the IP packets according to IP packet header indication information, and recombining the IP packets into a complete data frame; b: performing source decoding on the recombined data frames; c) Dividing the data frame obtained by source decoding into multiple IP packets and adding IP packet headers.

[0353] If possible, if the service data is encrypted and the AF 207 delivers encryption or decryption parameters in the parameter real-time information of the third message, the UPF 203 performs a decryption operation when removing the IP packet header in step a.

[0354] Based on the above case, in another possible case, the UPF 203 may perform an encryption operation when adding the IP packet header in step c. Correspondingly, the AMF 202 needs to deliver corresponding decryption parameters to the first device 103, or the first device may determine the decryption parameters based on information about the first protocol layer packet header.

[0355] If possible, source encoding is not performed on the third data in the server. Therefore, the UPF 203 does not need to perform source decoding on the third data. During transmission, the UPF 203 only needs to perform packet header processing required for the corresponding protocol stack on the third data, so that the conversion from the third data to the first data can be completed. In this case, from the perspective of the payload of the original data, the first data is the same as the third data.

[0356] S2170: The UPF 203 transmits the first data to the RAN 201.

[0357] S2180: The RAN 201 performs joint source channel encoding on the first data using the third parameter, and the encoded first data is the second data.

[0358] If possible, the method for RAN 201 to perform joint source channel encoding on service data is as follows: referring to the protocol stack in FIG. 15, the service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) layer, packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer, radio link control (RLC) layer, and media access control (MAC) layer of RAN 201 respectively add packet headers to the upper layer data, and finally, the SDAP / PDCP / RLC / MAC packet header and the data portion of the service data are jointly encoded in the physical layer 041.

[0359] In another possible case, the SDAP / PDCP / RLC / MAC packet header and the data portion of the service data are transmitted separately or encoded independently. The RAN 201 performs joint encoding only on the data portion and channel encoding on the packet header portion. For example, the channel encoding is performed by an LDPC channel encoding module or a polar channel encoding module.

[0360] Based on the above two cases, in possible cases, the RAN 201 uses a dual LDPC source channel encoding module or a dual polar source channel encoding module to perform joint source channel encoding.

[0361] S2190: The RAN 201 transmits the second data to the first device 103.

[0362] In embodiment 2 and its further or alternative solutions, a more specific network element architecture is introduced to further describe the implementation of the solution. Through the cooperation between the UPF and the RAN, the goal of performing joint source channel encoding on the downlink service data at the RAN side is achieved, and the problem of the lack of joint source channel encoding interface in the existing protocol is solved, so that the transmission quality of the downlink service data of the mobile terminal can be greatly improved.

[0363] In addition to Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2, the present application further provides another embodiment. Hereinafter, Embodiment 3 will be described in detail.

[0364] Embodiment 3 In embodiment 3, the second device 101 determines the first parameter and the fourth parameter based on the second parameter and the third parameter. For example, the first parameter is a source encoding portion of the optimized joint source channel encoding parameters and is used by the server to perform source encoding on the data. The second parameter is a related parameter used by the server to perform video encoding on the video service. The third parameter is a parameter related to channel quality information between the first device 103 and the second device 101. The fourth parameter is a channel encoding portion of the optimized joint source channel encoding parameters and is used by the second device 101 to perform channel encoding on the data. The second device 101 sends the determined first parameter to the server 104 to perform source encoding on the data. When the data obtained by source encoding is sent to the second device 101, the second device 101 performs channel encoding on the data using the fourth parameter to complete joint source channel encoding on the data. In a manner in which the joint source channel encoding operation is performed by the server 104 and the second device 101 separately, the computational pressure of the second device 101 can be alleviated while the transmission quality of the data is guaranteed.

[0365] 16 is mainly included, which is the related procedure in which the second device 101 sends the source encoding parameters to the server 104 and performs the subsequent encoding. FIG. 17 is the complete procedure of this embodiment.

[0366] First, as shown in the figure, a detailed description will be given with reference to FIG.

[0367] S3010: The second device 101 transmits the first parameter to the third device 102.

[0368] If possible, for how to determine the first parameter, please refer to the procedure of jointly optimizing joint source-channel coding parameters by the second device 101 described in S120 to S122. The first parameter includes at least one of the following: a source quantization parameter, a coding rate in source encoding, a code length in source encoding, or a base matrix in source encoding.

[0369] Based on this case, if possible, the second device 101 transmits the determined joint source channel coding parameters as the first parameters to the third device 102 .

[0370] Based on this case, if possible, the second device 101 transmits the parameters of the source encoding part in the determined joint source channel coding parameters to the third device 102 as the first parameters.

[0371] S3020: The third device 102 sends the first parameter to the server 104.

[0372] S3030: The server 104 performs source encoding on the first data using the first parameter to obtain second data.

[0373] S3040: The server 104 transmits the second data to the third device 102.

[0374] S3050: The third device 102 transmits the second data to the second device 101.

[0375] S3060: The second device 101 performs channel encoding on the second data using the fourth parameter to obtain third data.

[0376] Whenever possible, the fourth parameter is the same as the first parameter.

[0377] S3070: The second device 101 transmits the third data to the first device 103.

[0378] S3080: The first device 103 performs at least one of source decoding, channel decoding, or joint source-channel decoding on the third data to finally obtain the first data.

[0379] The complete procedure of FIG. 17 can then be obtained as shown.

[0380] S3210: The third device 102 obtains first capability information, where the first capability information indicates at least one of a joint source channel encoding capability, a joint source channel decoding capability, or a joint source channel encoding capability of the second device 101. If possible, the third device 102 sends the first capability information to the server 104.

[0381] S3220: The third device 102 sends first information to the second device 101, where the first information instructs the second device to perform joint source channel encoding, or the first information instructs the second device to jointly optimize source channel encoding parameters.

[0382] If possible, the first device 103, the second device 101, and the third device 102 determine a first PDU session, where the first PDU session includes a first quality of service QoS flow, the first QoS flow corresponds to a first QoS profile, the first QoS profile includes a first QoS parameter, the first QoS parameter includes first information, and the first data is associated with the first QoS flow. For example, the second device 101 is an access network device, and the third device 102 is a core network device. The UPF of the third device 102 receives a video service from the server, and the video service is mapped to the first QoS flow for transmission. The PCF of the third device 102 can generate a corresponding PCC rule and deliver the corresponding PCC rule to the SMF. The SMF may generate QoS parameters for the first QoS flow based on the received PCC rule, and then the SMF may transmit a QoS profile corresponding to the first QoS flow to the second device 101. The QoS profile includes QoS parameters for the first QoS flow, and the QoS parameters for the first QoS flow include first information, where the first information instructs the second device 101 to perform joint source channel encoding on data associated with the first QoS flow or the first information instructs the second device 101 to jointly optimize source channel encoding parameters for the data associated with the first QoS flow. When receiving first data from the third device 102 and determining that the first data is associated with the first QoS flow, the second device 101 may determine whether to perform joint source channel encoding on the first data or whether to jointly optimize source channel encoding parameters for the first data based on the first information included in the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow. For example, the second device 101 may map the first QoS flow to the first DRB at the SDAP layer.If it is determined to perform joint source channel encoding on data associated with the first QoS flow or to jointly optimize source channel encoding parameters for data associated with the first QoS flow, the second device 101 may perform channel encoding on data corresponding to the first DRB in a PHY based on the jointly optimized source channel encoding parameters.

[0383] If possible, the first information may be set to "enable" or "disable." If the first information is set to "enable," the second device 101 is instructed to perform joint source channel encoding. If the first information is set to "disable," the second device 101 is instructed not to perform joint source channel encoding. Furthermore, the third device 102 may instruct the second device 101 whether to perform joint source channel encoding for specific data in the QoS flow based on a combination of the first information and the QoS flow information.

[0384] S3230: The server 104 sends the second parameters to the third device 102, where the second parameters are related parameters used by the server to perform video encoding for the video service.

[0385] If possible, the server 104 sends the second parameter in response to the first capability information sent by the third device 102 .

[0386] S3240: The second device 101 receives the second parameter sent by the third device 102.

[0387] If possible, the first PDU session includes the first QoS flow, and the first PDU session is associated with the first AF session. In the process of establishing the first AF session, the AF sends the second parameters to the third device 102. For example, the AF includes the second parameters in an "Nnef_AFsessionWithQoS_Create request" message. After receiving the second parameters, the PCF of the third device 102 may generate a corresponding PCC rule and deliver the PCC rule to the SMF. The SMF may generate QoS parameters for the first QoS flow based on the received PCC rule, and then the SMF may send a QoS profile corresponding to the first QoS flow to the second device 101. The QoS profile includes the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow, and the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow include the second parameters.

[0388] S3250: The second device 101 receives a third parameter transmitted by the first device 103, where the third parameter is a parameter related to channel quality information between the first device 103 and the second device 101.

[0389] S3260: The second device 101 determines the first parameter and the fourth parameter based on the second parameter and / or the third parameter.

[0390] If possible, the first parameters are the source encoding portion of the optimized joint source channel encoding parameters and are used by the server to perform source encoding on the data.

[0391] If possible, the fourth parameter is the channel encoding part of the optimized joint source channel encoding parameters and is used by the second device 101 to perform channel encoding on the data.

[0392] When possible, the first parameter is the same as the fourth parameter.

[0393] Where possible, all of the above steps are optional.

[0394] S3270: The second device 101 transmits the first parameter to the third device 102.

[0395] S3280: The third device 102 sends the first parameter to the server 104.

[0396] S3290: The server 104 performs source encoding on the first data using the first parameter to obtain second data.

[0397] S3300: The server 104 transmits the second data to the third device 102.

[0398] S3310: The third device 102 transmits the second data to the second device 101.

[0399] S3320: The second device 101 performs channel encoding on the second data using the fourth parameter to obtain third data.

[0400] S3330: The second device 101 transmits the third data to the first device 103.

[0401] S3340: The first device 103 performs source channel decoding on the third data.

[0402] In the above procedure, the wireless device collects channel condition information of the terminal and determines a first parameter and a fourth parameter. The server pre-source encodes the data based on the first parameter, and the network device does not perform any additional processing. The wireless device then performs channel encoding on the data based on the fourth parameter. The joint source channel encoding of the data is completed by different individual devices. In addition to ultimately achieving the goal of improving the reception quality of the data by the terminal, the computational pressure of the wireless device is further reduced.

[0403] In addition to Embodiment 1, Embodiment 2, and Embodiment 3, the present application further provides another embodiment. Hereinafter, Embodiment 4 will be described in detail.

[0404] Embodiment 4 Embodiment 4, with reference to FIG. 18, illustrates a communication interaction procedure between devices in embodiment 4.

[0405] In embodiment 4, compared with embodiment 3, the third device 102 includes an AMF 202, a UPF 203, an SMF 204, a PCF 205, and an NEF 206. The server 104 corresponds to the AF 207 and the first data network 208, the second device 101 includes the RAN 201, and the first device 103 is still the first device 103. This is equivalent to a more specific configuration method of the network elements.

[0406] The method embodied in this embodiment will be described in detail below with reference to the communication interaction procedure shown in FIG.

[0407] S4010: RAN201 sends the first parameter to AMF202.

[0408] For example, the RAN 201 sends the first parameter to the AMF 202 via the N2 interface.

[0409] If possible, for a method of determining the first parameter, refer to the procedure in which the second device 101 determines the third parameter described in S120 to S122. The first parameter includes at least one of the following: a source quantization parameter, a coding rate in the source encoding, a code length in the source encoding, or a base matrix in the source encoding.

[0410] When possible, when determining the first parameter, the RAN 201 further determines a fourth parameter, which includes at least one of the following: a coding rate in the channel encoding, a code length in the channel encoding, or a base matrix in the channel encoding.

[0411] When possible, the first parameters transmitted by the RAN 201 include only the portion required for the source encoding.

[0412] When transmitting the first parameters, the RAN 201 is instructed to perform source encoding using an LDPC code or a polar code, if possible.

[0413] S4020: The AMF 202 sends the first parameter to the PCF 205.

[0414] For example, the AMF 202 sends the first parameter to the PCF 205 via the N15 interface.

[0415] S4030: The PCF 205 transmits the first parameter to the AF 207.

[0416] For example, the PCF 205 sends the first parameter to the AF 207 via the N5 interface.

[0417] If possible, the PCF 205 sends the first parameter to the AF 207 via the NEF 206.

[0418] S4040: The AF 207 transmits the first parameter to the first data network 208.

[0419] S4050: The first data network 208 performs source encoding on the first data using the first parameter, and the first data after the source encoding is the second data.

[0420] S4060: The first data network 208 transmits the second data to the UPF 203.

[0421] For example, the first data network 208 transmits the second data to the UPF 203 via the N6 interface.

[0422] S4070: The UPF 203 transmits the second data to the RAN 201.

[0423] For example, the UPF 203 transmits the second data to the RAN 201 via the N3 interface.

[0424] S4080: The RAN 201 performs channel encoding on the second data using the fourth parameter, and the second data after the channel encoding is the third data.

[0425] For example, the RAN 201 performs channel encoding in the PHY.

[0426] For example, the RAN 201 performs channel encoding using an LDPC code or a polar code.

[0427] If possible, the RAN 201 has selected the encoding algorithm when sending the source encoding parameters in S4070.

[0428] If possible, the RAN 201 reads the source encoding used in the received service data to determine whether to specifically use an LDPC code or a polar code to perform the channel encoding.

[0429] S4090: The RAN 201 transmits the third data to the first device 103.

[0430] S4100: The first device 103 decrypts the third data to finally obtain the first data.

[0431] Where possible, the first device 103 performs joint or individual source channel decoding according to the encoding scheme used by the first data network 208 and the RAN 201 .

[0432] Based on the above case, the first device performs source decoding on the service data after channel decoding in the application layer, to finally obtain the first data.

[0433] In embodiment 4 and its further or alternative solutions, a detailed network element architecture is introduced to further describe a specific implementation of another joint source channel encoding scheme. Optimized joint source channel encoding parameters are obtained from the RAN, and source encoding and channel encoding operations are performed separately in the server and the RAN based on the parameters, thereby performing joint source channel encoding on downlink service data and achieving the goal of solving the problem of the lack of a joint source channel encoding interface in existing protocols. In addition, the transmission quality of downlink service data of a mobile terminal can be significantly improved, and the calculation load on the radio side can be reduced.

[0434] In addition to the above-mentioned embodiments 1 to 4, the present application further provides another embodiment. Hereinafter, embodiment 5 will be described in detail.

[0435] Embodiment 5 Embodiment 5 relates to Fig. 19 to Fig. 21. Fig. 19 shows an exchange procedure in which a network device instructs a terminal to perform joint source channel encoding on uplink data in embodiment 5. Fig. 20 shows a communication interaction procedure between devices. Fig. 21 is a diagram of sending a message to a terminal when a network device includes a possible combination of specific network elements.

[0436] In embodiment 5, a process in which a terminal transmits data to a server is described, which is also called a joint source channel encoding method for uplink data. Compared with the above-mentioned joint source channel encoding method for downlink data, in this case, both source encoding and channel encoding are performed on the terminal side. Therefore, there is less signaling interaction in this scenario.

[0437] The parameters in this embodiment are independent from other embodiments, in other words, the same first parameter, the same second parameter, etc. have different specific meanings and need to be understood with reference to the description.

[0438] First, the case of FIG. 19 will be described.

[0439] S301: The first device 103 sends a request to the third device 102 to establish a first session.

[0440] S302: The third device 102 sends a first parameter to the first device 103, where the first parameter instructs the first device 103 to perform joint source channel encoding on the first data.

[0441] Where possible, as shown in FIG. 20, the third device 102 includes an SMF 204 and an AMF 202.

[0442] Based on this case, if possible, the SMF 204 delivers a non-access stratum (NAS) message to the first device 103 via the AMF 202 and the second device 101 (not shown) to instruct the first device 103 to perform joint source channel encoding on the first data, which is data sent by the first device 103 to the server.

[0443] Based on this case, if possible, the first session is a second PDU session. For example, the second PDU session includes a second QoS flow, the first data is mapped to the second QoS flow for transmission, and the first parameter instructs the first device 103 to perform joint source channel encoding on the data associated with the second QoS flow. The NAS message delivered by the SMF 204 via the AMF 202 is a PDU session establishment accept message, and the message includes an Authorized QoS rules field, which includes a QoS rule for the second QoS flow, the QoS rule includes a first parameter, which can be set to enabled or disabled. If the parameter is set to "enabled," the first device 103 determines to perform joint source channel encoding on the uplink data of the second QoS flow. If the parameter is set to "disabled," the first device 103 does not perform joint source channel encoding on the uplink data of the second QoS flow.

[0444] Based on this case, if possible, the first device 103 applies reflective QoS control and obtains the first parameter from the downlink data obtained in the previous procedure or by exporting a QoS rule from another data service sent to the first device 103 by the server 104. The SMF 204 does not need to send an additional message to the first device 103 to include the first parameter.

[0445] If possible, the first device 103 and the third device 102 send messages to each other via the second device 101 in S301 and S302.

[0446] If possible, in the scenario of this embodiment, before S302, there are optionally possible steps of S160, S161 as described above and the corresponding explanations in FIG.

[0447] After the procedure of the method for instructing to perform joint source channel encoding on specific data in an uplink data scenario is understood, the overall procedure will be described below with reference to FIG.

[0448] S5010: The second device 101 acquires the second parameter sent by the first device 103.

[0449] If possible, the second parameters are obtained by the first device 103 through joint optimization based on the video encoding parameters corresponding to the first data indicated by the application layer and the channel quality measured by the first device, and are used for source channel encoding. The second parameters include at least one of the following: a source quantization parameter, a coding rate in source encoding, a code length in source encoding, a base matrix in source encoding, a coding rate in channel encoding, a code length in channel encoding, or a base matrix in channel encoding.

[0450] S5020: The third device 102 acquires the third parameter sent by the first device 103.

[0451] If possible, the third parameters are used by the third device 102 to perform the source encoding.

[0452] If possible, the third parameter includes at least one of the following: type of source encoder, code length in source encoding, coding rate in source encoding, source entropy rate, encryption parameters, or decoding parameters.

[0453] Based on this case, if possible, the data to be transmitted is not encrypted and there is no encryption requirement, the third parameter does not include encryption or decryption parameters.

[0454] S5030: The first device 103 performs joint source channel encoding on the first data to obtain second data.

[0455] If possible, the first device 103 performs joint source channel encoding on the first data in the PHY.

[0456] If possible, the first device 103 further performs source decoding on the first data before performing joint source channel encoding on the first data.

[0457] Based on this case, if possible, the first data is a video service, and before performing source encoding on the first data, the first device 103 further performs video encoding on the first data at the application layer.

[0458] Based on this case, if possible, the first device 103 performs source decoding on the first data based on the third parameter.

[0459] Based on this case, if possible, the first device 103 performs source decoding on the first data at the PDU protocol layer.

[0460] Based on this case, if possible, the first device 103 performs source decoding on the first data in a newly added layer below the PDU layer.

[0461] Based on this case, if possible, the first device 103 performs source decoding on the first data using either arithmetic coding, LDPC codes, or polar codes.

[0462] Based on this case, the data may be encrypted: the first device 103 decrypts the data before performing source decryption, and encrypts the data after source decryption is complete.

[0463] S5040: The second device 101 receives the second data transmitted by the first device 103.

[0464] S5050: The second device 101 performs joint source channel decoding or individual source channel decoding on the second data based on the second parameter to obtain third data.

[0465] In possible cases, the second device 101 performs source channel decoding in the PHY.

[0466] S5060: The third device 102 receives the third data transmitted by the second device 101.

[0467] S5070: The third device 102 performs source encoding on the received third data based on the third parameter to obtain fourth data.

[0468] If possible, the third device 102 performs source encoding on the third data at the PDU layer or a new protocol layer below the PDU layer.

[0469] If possible, the service data is in encrypted form and the third device 102 performs the decryption at the PDU layer or at a new protocol layer below the PDU layer.

[0470] S5080: The third device 102 transmits the fourth data to the server 104.

[0471] In relation to the above embodiment, by applying the method in the embodiment of the present application, joint source channel coding is performed on the data during transmission, which can improve the data transmission efficiency.

[0472] Any part or all of any features in any embodiment of the present application may be freely combined, and the combined technical solutions are also included in the scope of the present application.

[0473] The aforementioned method in the embodiment of the present application is applicable to a communication system. The communication system includes a server, a first device, a second device, and a third device. The server executes the steps executed by the server in the aforementioned method in the embodiment of the present application. The third device executes the steps executed by the third device in the aforementioned method in the embodiment of the present application. The second device executes the steps executed by the second device in the aforementioned method in the embodiment of the present application. The first device executes the steps executed by the first device in the aforementioned method in the embodiment of the present application.

[0474] An embodiment of the present application further provides a chip. The chip can include an input interface, an output interface, and a processing circuit. In this embodiment of the present application, the input interface and the output interface can be used to perform signaling interactions or data exchanges related to a server, a first device, a second device, or a third device, and the processing circuit can be used to generate and process signaling or data information related to the server, the first device, the second device, or the third device.

[0475] An embodiment of the present application further provides a chip system including a processor configured to support a computing device in performing the functions of any one of the aforementioned embodiments. In a possible design, the chip system may further include a memory configured to store necessary program instructions and data. When the processor executes the program instructions, the device in which the chip system is installed is enabled to perform a method related to the server, the first device, the second device, or the third device of any one of the aforementioned embodiments. For example, the chip system may include one or more chips, or may include a chip and another individual component.

[0476] An embodiment of the present application further provides a processor configured to be coupled to a memory, the memory storing instructions that, when executed by the processor, enable the processor to perform methods and functions associated with the server, the first device, the second device, or the third device in any one of the aforementioned embodiments.

[0477] An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer program product including instructions, which, when executed on a server, a first device, a second device, or a third device, enable the server, the first device, the second device, or the third device to perform methods and functions associated with the server, the first device, the second device, or the third device in any one of the foregoing embodiments.

[0478] An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores computer instructions, which, when executed by a processor, enable the processor to perform methods and functions related to the server, the first device, the second device, or the third device in any one of the aforementioned embodiments.

[0479] Generally, various embodiments of the present application may be implemented by hardware or special purpose circuits, software, logic, or any combination thereof. Some aspects may be implemented by hardware, while other aspects may be implemented by firmware or software, and may be executed by a controller, microprocessor, or another computing device. While aspects of embodiments of the present application are shown and described as block diagrams or flowcharts, or represented by some other figures, it should be understood that the blocks, apparatus, systems, techniques, or methods described herein may be implemented, for example, by way of non-limiting example, hardware, software, firmware, special purpose circuits or logic, general purpose hardware, a controller, another computing device, or combinations thereof.

[0480] The present application further provides at least one computer program product tangibly stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. The computer program product includes computer-executable instructions, such as instructions included in program modules, that execute on a device on a real or virtual target processor to perform the processes / methods described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. Typically, program modules include routines, programs, libraries, objects, classes, components, data structures, etc. that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. In various embodiments, the functionality of the program modules may be combined or divided among program modules as desired. Machine-executable instructions for program modules may be executed locally or in distributed devices. In distributed devices, program modules may be located locally or in remote storage media.

[0481] Computer program code for implementing the methods in the present application may be written in one or more programming languages. The computer program code may be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or another programmable data processing apparatus, so that, when the program code is executed by the computer or another programmable data processing apparatus, the functions / acts specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams are performed. The program code may run entirely on the computer, partly on the computer, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the computer and partly on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server.

[0482] In the context of the present application, computer program code or associated data may be included in any suitable carrier such that a device, apparatus, or processor can perform the various processes and operations described above. Examples of carriers include signals, computer-readable media, etc. Examples of signals may include electrical signals, optical signals, radio signals, audio signals, or other forms of propagated signals such as carrier waves or infrared signals.

[0483] A computer-readable medium may be any tangible medium that contains or stores a program used in or associated with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. A computer-readable medium may be a computer-readable signal medium or a computer-readable storage medium. A computer-readable medium may include, but is not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any suitable combination thereof. More specific examples of computer-readable storage media include an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer disk, a hard disk drive, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination thereof.

[0484] Additionally, although the operations of the methods in the present application are described in a particular order in the accompanying figures, this does not require or imply that these operations need to be performed in a particular order, or that all of the operations shown need to be performed to achieve a desired result. Instead, the order of execution of steps shown in the flowcharts may vary. Additionally or alternatively, some steps may be omitted, multiple steps may be combined into a single step for execution, or a single step may be divided into multiple steps for execution. It should further be noted that features and functions of two or more devices according to the present application may be unique to one device. Alternatively, features and functions of one device described above may also be unique in multiple devices.

[0485] In the embodiments of the present application, as used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular expressions "a," "the," "the foregoing," "this," and "the one" are also intended to include expressions such as "one or more," unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. In the following embodiments of the present application, it should be further understood that "at least one" and "one or more" mean one or more (including two). The term "or" is used to describe an association relationship between associated objects and indicates that three relationships may exist. For example, A or B can represent the following three cases: when only A is present, when both A and B are present, and when only B is present, and A and B may be singular or plural.

[0486] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" in the specification of this application mean that one or more embodiments of the application include the particular feature, structure, or feature described with reference to the embodiment. Thus, phrases such as "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in some other embodiments," and "in other embodiments" appearing in different places in this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Instead, these phrases mean "one or more, but not all, of the embodiments" unless specifically emphasized otherwise. The terms "including," "comprising," and "having," and variations thereof, all mean "including, but not limited to," unless specifically emphasized otherwise. The term "connected" includes direct and indirect connections unless otherwise specified. The terms "first" and "second" are intended for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as an indication or implication of relative importance or an implicit indication of the number of technical features depicted.

[0487] In the embodiments of the present application, terms such as "example" and "for example" are used to indicate providing an example, illustration, or explanation. Any embodiment or design scheme described in the embodiments of the present application as an "example" or "for example" should not be construed as preferred or more advantageous over other embodiments or design schemes. Strictly speaking, the use of terms such as "example," "for example," and the like is intended to present the related concept in a particular manner.

[0488] It should be noted that, provided that one or more mutual conflicts are not introduced, any embodiment of the present application and all or part of the features of any embodiment may be combined with each other, and the combined technical solution also falls within the scope of the present application.

[0489] The foregoing has described implementations of the present application. The foregoing description is exemplary, not exhaustive, and is not limited to the disclosed implementations. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described implementations. The choice of terms used herein is intended to fully describe the principles, practical applications, or improvements to the technology in the marketplace of the implementations, or to enable those skilled in the art to understand the implementations disclosed herein. [Explanation of symbols]

[0490] 01 Data Source 02 Entropy Encoding 03 Channel Encoding 04 Channel 05 Channel Decoding 06 Entropy Decoding 07 Data output 08 Rate Allocation Algorithm 20 Co-Source Channel Encoding 30 Joint Source-Channel Decoding 020 terminal 021 Server 022 RAN 023 UPF 040 Application Layer 041, 042 Physical layer 043 Application Layer 044, 045 New Protocol Layer 101 Second Device 102 Third Device 103 First Device 104 Server 201 RAN 202 AMF 203 UPF 204 SMF 205 PCF 206 NEF 207AF 208 First Data Network

Claims

1. A communication method applied to a system, the system comprising a first device, a second device and a third device, the method comprising: transmitting, by the third device, first information to the second device, the first information instructing the second device to perform joint source channel encoding; transmitting, by the third device, first data to the second device; and performing, by the second device, joint source channel encoding on the first data and transmitting second data to the first device, wherein the second data is data obtained by performing joint source channel encoding on the first data.

2. Before transmitting the first data by the third device to the second device, the method further comprises: The method of claim 1 , further comprising receiving third data from a server by the third device, the third data being associated with the first data.

3. Before performing joint source channel encoding on the first data by the second device, the method further comprises: determining, by the second device, a third parameter based on at least one of the first parameter and the second parameter, the third parameter being used by the second device to perform joint source channel encoding on the first data; the first parameters include at least one of the following: a type of source encoder, a rate-distortion mapping model for I frames, a rate-distortion mapping model for P frames, a rate-distortion mapping model for B frames, a size of a GOP, a type of each frame in the GOP, a number of slices in each frame, a length of each slice, a motion vector for predictive coding, a source entropy rate, or processing delay information of the source encoder; and the second parameter indicating channel quality information between the second device and the first device; The method of claim 1 or 2, further comprising: performing, by the second device, joint source channel encoding on the first data based on the third parameter.

4. transmitting, by the third device, the first parameter to the second device; or The method of claim 3 , further comprising receiving, by the second device, the second parameter from the first device.

5. receiving, by the third device, a fourth parameter from the server, the fourth parameter being used by the third device to perform source decoding on the third data; After receiving the third data from the server by the third device and before transmitting the first data to the second device by the third device, the method includes:

5. The method of claim 2, further comprising: performing, by the third device, source decoding on the third data based on the fourth parameter, wherein the first data is data obtained by performing source decoding on the third data.

6. A communication method applied to a second device, the method comprising: receiving first information from a third device, the first information instructing the second device to perform joint source channel encoding; receiving first data from the third device; performing joint source channel encoding on the first data and transmitting second data to a first device, wherein the second data is data obtained by performing joint source channel encoding on the first data.

7. Before performing joint source channel encoding on the first data, the method further comprises: determining a third parameter based on at least one of the first parameter and the second parameter, the third parameter being used by the second device to perform joint source channel encoding on the first data; the first parameters include at least one of the following: a type of source encoder, a rate-distortion mapping model for I frames, a rate-distortion mapping model for P frames, a rate-distortion mapping model for B frames, a size of a group of pictures (GOP), a type of each frame in the GOP, a number of slices in each frame, a length of each slice, a motion vector for predictive coding, a source entropy rate, or processing delay information of the source encoder; and the second parameter indicating channel quality information between the second device and the first device; The method of claim 6 , further comprising: performing, by the second device, joint source channel encoding on the first data based on the third parameter.

8. 8. The method of claim 7, wherein the third parameter comprises at least one of the following: a source quantization parameter, a coding rate in the source encoding, a code length in the source encoding, a base matrix in the source encoding, a coding rate in the channel encoding, a code length in the channel encoding, or a base matrix in the channel encoding.

9. receiving the first parameter from the third device; or The method of claim 7 or 8, further comprising receiving the second parameter from the first device.

10. 10. The method of claim 6, further comprising, before receiving first information from the third device by the second device, transmitting first capability information by the second device to the third device, the first capability information indicating at least one of a joint source channel encoding capability, a joint source channel decoding capability, or a joint source channel coding capability of the second device.

11. 11. The method of claim 6, further comprising, before receiving the first information from the third device by the second device, transmitting second capability information by the second device to the third device, the second capability information indicating at least one of a joint source channel encoding capability, a joint source channel decoding capability, or a joint source channel coding capability of the first device.

12. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein before transmitting, by the second device, the second capability information to the third device, the method further comprises receiving, by the second device, the second capability information from the first device.

13. 13. The method of claim 6, further comprising: transmitting, by the second device, fifth parameters to the first device, the fifth parameters being used by the first device to perform at least one of source decoding, channel decoding, or joint source-channel decoding on the second data, the fifth parameters including at least one of the following: a type of source encoder, a coding rate in source encoding, a code length in source encoding, a base matrix in source encoding, a source entropy rate, a type of channel encoder, a coding rate in channel encoding, a code length in channel encoding, or a base matrix in channel encoding.

14. 14. The method of claim 6, wherein the first data is first streaming media data and the second data is second streaming media data.

15. the first data is associated with a first quality of service QoS flow, the first QoS flow corresponds to a first QoS parameter, the first QoS parameter includes first information; 15. The method of claim 6, wherein the first information instructs the second device to perform joint source channel encoding on data associated with the first QoS flow.

16. 1. A communication method applied to a third device, the method comprising: transmitting first information to a second device, the first information instructing the second device to perform joint source channel encoding; transmitting first data to the second device.

17. 17. The method of claim 16, wherein before transmitting the first data to the second device, the method further comprises receiving third data from a server, the third data being associated with the first data.

18. 18. The method of claim 16 or 17, further comprising: transmitting first parameters to the second device, the first parameters including at least one of the following: a type of source encoder, a rate-distortion mapping model for I frames, a rate-distortion mapping model for P frames, a rate-distortion mapping model for B frames, a size of a group of pictures (GOP), a type of each frame in the GOP, the number of slices in each frame, a length of each slice, a motion vector for predictive coding, a source entropy rate, or processing delay information of the source encoder.

19. Before transmitting the first parameter to the second device, the method further comprises: The method of claim 18, further comprising receiving the first parameter from the server.

20. receiving fourth parameters from the server, the fourth parameters being used by the third device to perform source decoding on the third data; After receiving the third data from the server and before transmitting the first data to the second device, the method includes:

20. The method of claim 17, further comprising: performing source decoding on the third data based on the fourth parameter, wherein the first data is data obtained by performing source decoding on the third data.

21. 21. The method of claim 20, wherein the fourth parameter includes at least one of the following: a type of source encoder, a code length in the source encoding, a coding rate in the source encoding, a source entropy rate, an encryption parameter, or a decoding parameter.

22. The method of claim 20 or 21, wherein the third device performs source decoding on the third data at a first protocol layer, and the first protocol layer is a protocol data unit (PDU) layer or is located below a PDU layer.

23. 23. The method of claim 16, further comprising, before transmitting the first information to the second device, receiving first capability information from the second device, the first capability information indicating at least one of a joint source channel encoding capability, a joint source channel decoding capability, or a joint source channel coding capability of the second device.

24. 23. The method of claim 16, wherein, before transmitting the first information to the second device, the method further comprises receiving second capability information from the first device or receiving second capability information from the second device, the second capability information indicating at least one of a joint source channel encoding capability, a joint source channel decoding capability, or a joint source channel coding capability of the first device, and the first device communicating with the second device.

25. 25. The method of claim 16, wherein the first data is associated with a first quality of service QoS flow, the first QoS flow corresponds to a first QoS parameter, and the first QoS parameter includes the first information.

26. 26. The method of claim 25, wherein the first information instructs the second device to perform joint source channel encoding, and the first information instructs the second device to perform joint source channel encoding on data associated with the first QoS flow.

27. A communication method applied to a system, the system comprising a first device, a second device and a third device, the method comprising: sending first parameters to a server by the third device, the first parameters being used by the server to perform source encoding on the first data, the first parameters including at least one of the following: a source quantization parameter, a coding rate in source encoding, a code length in source encoding, or a base matrix in source encoding; receiving second data from the server by the third device, the second data being data obtained by performing source encoding on the first data based on the first parameter by the server; and transmitting the second data to the second device by the third device; and a step of performing, by the second device, channel encoding on the second data and transmitting third data to the first device, wherein the third data is data obtained by performing channel encoding on the second data.

28. Before transmitting the first parameter to the server by the third device, the method further comprises: determining, by the second device, the first parameter based on at least one of a second parameter and a third parameter; the second parameters include at least one of the following: a type of source encoder, a rate-distortion mapping model for I frames, a rate-distortion mapping model for P frames, a rate-distortion mapping model for B frames, a size of a group of pictures (GOP), a type of each frame in the GOP, a number of slices in each frame, a length of each slice, a motion vector for predictive coding, a source entropy rate, or processing delay information of the source encoder; and the third parameter indicating channel quality information between the second device and the first device; and transmitting, by the second device, the first parameter to the third device.

29. receiving, by the third device, the second parameters from the server, and receiving, by the second device, the second parameters from the third device; or 30. The method of claim 28, further comprising receiving, by the second device, the third parameter from the first device.

30. determining, by the second device, a fourth parameter based on at least one of the second parameter and the third parameter, wherein the fourth parameter includes at least one of the following: a coding rate in channel encoding, a code length in channel encoding, or a base matrix in channel encoding; and performing, by the second device, channel encoding on the second data based on the fourth parameter.

31. A communication method applied to a second device, the method comprising: sending first parameters to a third device, the first parameters being used by a server to perform source encoding on the first data, the first parameters including at least one of the following: a source quantization parameter, a coding rate in source encoding, a code length in source encoding, or a base matrix in source encoding; receiving second data from the third device, the second data being data obtained by performing source encoding on the first data based on the first parameter by the server; performing channel encoding on the second data and transmitting third data to a first device, wherein the third data is data obtained by performing channel encoding on the second data.

32. Before transmitting the first parameter to the third device, the method further comprises: determining the first parameter based on at least one of a second parameter and a third parameter; the second parameters include at least one of the following: a type of source encoder, a rate-distortion mapping model for I frames, a rate-distortion mapping model for P frames, a rate-distortion mapping model for B frames, a size of a group of pictures (GOP), a type of each frame in the GOP, a number of slices in each frame, a length of each slice, a motion vector for predictive coding, a source entropy rate, or processing delay information of the source encoder; and 32. The method of claim 31, further comprising: the third parameter indicating channel quality information between the second device and the first device.

33. receiving the second parameter from the third device; or 33. The method of claim 32, further comprising receiving the third parameter from the first device.

34. 34. The method of claim 31, further comprising: transmitting first capability information to the third device, the first capability information indicating at least one of a joint source channel encoding capability, a joint source channel decoding capability, or a joint source channel coding capability of the second device.

35. 35. The method of claim 31, wherein the first data is associated with a first quality of service QoS flow, the first QoS flow corresponds to a first QoS parameter, the first QoS parameter includes first information, and the first information instructs the second device to perform joint source channel encoding on data associated with the first QoS flow.

36. 10. A communications device comprising one or more processors, the one or more processors coupled to one or more memories, the one or more memories configured to store computer programs or instructions, the one or more processors configured to execute the computer programs or instructions stored in the one or more memories to enable the device to perform a method according to any one of claims 6 to 15, or to perform a method according to any one of claims 16 to 26, or to perform a method according to any one of claims 31 to 35.

37. 35. A computer-readable storage medium, the computer-readable storage medium being comprised in a second device or a third device, the computer-readable storage medium comprising a program or instructions that, when executed on a processor of the second device or the third device, enable the second device to perform the method of any one of claims 6 to 15 or claims 31 to 35, or enable the third device to perform the method of any one of claims 16 to 26.

38. 10. A chip comprising a processor and a communication interface, the communication interface coupled to the processor, the processor configured to execute computer programs or instructions, the chip being provided in a second device or a third device to enable the second device to perform the method of any one of claims 6 to 15 or claims 31 to 35, or to enable a third device to perform the method of any one of claims 16 to 26.

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