Color generation system, color generation program, method for producing dye or illuminant, dye, and illuminant

Abstract

The color generation system includes an acquisition unit that acquires a reference spectrum, which is the spectrum of a reference color, and a subject model that indicates the color vision system of the subject; a response calculation unit that calculates a response from the color vision system of the reference color vision subject who visually recognizes the reference color as a reference response based on a predetermined reference model that indicates the color vision system of the reference color vision subject and the reference spectrum; a spectrum calculation unit that calculates a conversion spectrum for outputting a response from the subject model that matches or approximates the reference response; and a generation unit that generates a corresponding spectrum, which is the spectrum of a corresponding color that corresponds to the reference color, based on the conversion spectrum.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] One aspect of the present disclosure relates to a color generating system, a color generating program, a method for producing a dye or illuminant, a dye, and an illuminant. [Background technology]

[0002] Color processing that takes color-blind people into consideration has been known for some time. For example, a color processing device described in Patent Document 1 acquires color values ​​to be processed, calculates a color vision degree coefficient that indicates the degree of color vision deficiency based on the number of people in a predetermined group and the test results obtained by a color vision test, calculates a color conversion coefficient used to convert the acquired color values ​​based on the correspondence between the color vision degree coefficient and the sensitivity characteristics of the L cone, the M cone, and the S cone, and performs color conversion processing on the color values ​​using the color conversion coefficient. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 5924289 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] A mechanism for providing colors that take color vision variability into account is desirable. [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] A color generation system according to one aspect of the present disclosure includes an acquisition unit that acquires a reference spectrum, which is the spectrum of a reference color, and a subject model that represents the color vision system of a subject, a response calculation unit that calculates a response from the color vision system of a reference color vision subject who visually recognizes a reference color as a reference response based on a predetermined reference model that represents the color vision system of the reference color vision subject and the reference spectrum, a spectrum calculation unit that calculates a conversion spectrum for outputting a response from the subject model that matches or approximates the reference response, and a generation unit that generates a corresponding spectrum, which is the spectrum of a corresponding color that corresponds to the reference color, based on the conversion spectrum.

[0006] A color generation program according to one aspect of the present disclosure causes a computer to execute the steps of acquiring a reference spectrum, which is the spectrum of a reference color, and a subject model representing the color vision system of the subject; calculating a response from the color vision system of a reference color vision subject who visually recognizes the reference color as a reference response based on a predetermined reference model representing the color vision system of the reference color vision subject and the reference spectrum; calculating a conversion spectrum for outputting a response from the subject model that matches or approximates the reference response; and generating a corresponding spectrum, which is the spectrum of a corresponding color that corresponds to the reference color, based on the conversion spectrum.

[0007] In these aspects, a transformation spectrum that allows a subject to perceive a reference color in the same way as a reference color vision person is calculated, and a spectrum of a corresponding color that corresponds to the reference color (correspondence spectrum) is generated based on the transformation spectrum. This correspondence spectrum makes it possible to provide colors taking into account color vision diversity.

[0008] A method for manufacturing a pigment or illuminant according to one aspect of the present disclosure includes the steps of obtaining a reference spectrum, which is the spectrum of a reference color, and a subject model representing the color vision system of a subject; calculating a response from the color vision system of a reference color vision subject who visually recognizes a reference color as a reference response based on a predetermined reference model representing the color vision system of the reference color vision subject and the reference spectrum; calculating a conversion spectrum for outputting a response from the subject model that matches or approximates the reference response; generating a corresponding spectrum, which is the spectrum of a corresponding color that corresponds to the reference color, based on the conversion spectrum; and manufacturing a pigment or illuminant of the corresponding color based on the corresponding spectrum.

[0009] In this aspect, a conversion spectrum that allows a subject to perceive a reference color in the same way as a reference color vision person is calculated, and a spectrum of a corresponding color (corresponding spectrum) that corresponds to the reference color is generated based on this conversion spectrum. Then, a dye or illuminant of the corresponding color is manufactured based on this corresponding spectrum. By using this dye or illuminant, it is possible to provide colors taking into account color vision diversity.

[0010] A dye according to one aspect of the present disclosure has a corresponding spectrum based on a reference spectrum which is a spectrum of a reference color, and the reflectance exhibited by the corresponding spectrum is 0.025 or less in the range of 540 to 560 nm, and the corresponding spectrum includes regions where the reflectance is 0.2 or more in each of the ranges of 380 to 540 nm and 560 to 730 nm.

[0011] By using a dye having such characteristics, it is possible to provide colors that take color vision diversity into consideration.

[0012] An illuminant according to one aspect of the present disclosure has a corresponding spectrum based on a reference spectrum which is a spectrum of a reference color, and the ratio of the maximum intensity in the range of 380 to 540 nm of the corresponding spectrum to the maximum intensity in the range of 540 to 560 nm of the corresponding spectrum is 8.0 or more, and the ratio of the maximum intensity in the range of 560 to 730 nm of the corresponding spectrum to the maximum intensity in the range of 540 to 560 nm of the corresponding spectrum is 8.0 or more.

[0013] By using illuminants with such properties, it is possible to provide colors that take color vision variability into account. Effect of the Invention

[0014] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, colors can be provided taking color vision variability into account. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0015] [Figure 1] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a functional configuration of a color generation system. [Diagram 2] 1 is a graph showing an example of sensitivity characteristics of L cones, M cones, and S cones. [Diagram 3] 4 is a flowchart illustrating an example of the operation of the color generation system. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between a reference spectrum and a corresponding spectrum. [Diagram 5] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between a reference spectrum and a corresponding spectrum. [Figure 6] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between a reference spectrum and a corresponding spectrum. [Figure 7] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between a reference spectrum and a corresponding spectrum. [Figure 8] FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating another example of the functional configuration of the color generation system. [Figure 9] 10 is a flowchart illustrating another example of the operation of the color generation system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0016] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the description of the drawings, the same or equivalent elements are designated by the same reference numerals, and duplicated descriptions will be omitted.

[0017] [System Overview] The color generation system according to the present disclosure is a computer system or control system for providing colors taking into account color vision diversity. Color vision diversity refers to a situation in which people differ in their perception or discrimination of colors. The color generation system can be used to provide a common understanding of colors between people with different color vision, or to promote mutual understanding regarding color perception or discrimination.

[0018] There are five types of color vision: C type (Common), P type (Protanope), D type (Deuteranope), T type (Tritanope), and A type (Acromatic).

[0019] Type C is a group that has three types of cones: L cones, M cones, and S cones. L cones are photoreceptor cells that are highly sensitive to light in the long wavelength range, such as red. M cones are photoreceptor cells that are highly sensitive to light in the medium wavelength range, such as green. S cones are photoreceptor cells that are highly sensitive to light in the short wavelength range, such as blue. In the case of Japanese people, 95% of men and 99% of women belong to type C. Type C people are also said to have general color vision.

[0020] On the other hand, people with P, D, T, and A types are also called color-blind. P type is a group consisting of P type strong (Protanopia) who do not have L cones, and P type weak (Protanomaly) where the sensitivity of L cones is shifted and similar to that of M cones. D type is a group consisting of D type strong (Deuteranopia) who do not have M cones, and D type weak (Deuteranomaly) where the sensitivity of M cones is shifted and similar to that of L cones. T type is a group that does not have S cones. A type is a group that has only one type of cone or no cones at all. P type and D type make up the majority of color-blind people, and the proportion of T type and A type is extremely small.

[0021] As an example of the promotion of common recognition or mutual understanding mentioned above, the color generation system according to the present disclosure may be used to allow a person with color blindness to experience colors as perceived by a person with normal color vision, or to allow a person with normal color vision to experience colors as perceived by a person with color blindness. Alternatively, the color generation system may be used to provide colors that are perceived in the same way by both people with normal color vision and people with color blindness. The color generation system may be used to promote common recognition or mutual understanding of colors among people with C-type, P-type, D-type, T-type, and A-type blood types.

[0022] The color generating system generates a corresponding color, which is another color that takes color vision diversity into consideration, based on a reference color. The reference color is a color specified for generating the corresponding color. It can be said that the corresponding color is a color that corresponds to the reference color. In one example, the color generating system generates a corresponding spectrum, which is a spectrum of the corresponding color, based on a reference spectrum, which is a spectrum of the reference color. In another example, the color generating system manufactures a pigment or illuminant of the corresponding color based on the corresponding spectrum.

[0023] [System configuration] A color generation system is composed of one or more computers. When multiple computers are used, a single color generation system is logically constructed by connecting these computers via a communication network such as the Internet or an intranet.

[0024] A computer constituting a color generation system generally includes a processor, a memory, a communication interface, an input device, and an output device as hardware devices. Examples of the processor include a CPU and a GPU. The memory may be configured with a flash memory, a hard disk, etc. The communication interface may be configured with a network card or a wireless communication module. Examples of the input device include a keyboard, a pointing device, a touch panel, a microphone, a sensor, and a camera. Examples of the output device include a monitor, a touch panel, a head mounted display (HMD), and a speaker.

[0025] A color generation program for causing a computer to function as a color generation system includes program codes for implementing each functional module of the color generation system. The color generation program may be provided in a state where it is non-temporarily recorded on a tangible recording medium, such as a CD-ROM, a DVD-ROM, or a semiconductor memory. Alternatively, the color generation program may be provided via a communication network as a data signal superimposed on a carrier wave. The provided color generation program is recorded in a memory, for example.

[0026] The configuration of a color generation system 1 according to an example will be described with reference to Fig. 1. Fig. 1 is a diagram showing the functional configuration of the color generation system 1.

[0027] The color generation system 1 includes a color conversion system 10. The color conversion system 10 is a computer system that generates a corresponding spectrum based on a reference spectrum. The color conversion system 10 is composed of one computer or a plurality of computers connected to each other via a communication network. The color conversion system 10 includes a processor 101 and a memory 102. In one example, the processor 101 functions as an acquisition unit 11, a response calculation unit 12, a spectrum calculation unit 13, and a generation unit 14. The memory 102 pre-stores a predetermined reference model that is data indicating the color vision system of a reference color vision person. At least one of a normal color vision person and a color-weak person is assumed as the reference color vision person. A reference model may be prepared for each of a normal color vision person and a color-weak person. When a color-weak person is assumed as the reference color vision person, a reference model may be prepared for each type of color vision, for example, a P-type reference model, a D-type reference model, a T-type reference model, and an A-type reference model may be prepared. Furthermore, a reference model that takes into account the difference in the degree of the intensity or mildness of color vision may be prepared.

[0028] The acquisition unit 11 is a functional module that acquires input data indicating a reference spectrum, a subject model, and a consideration ratio. The subject model is data indicating the color vision system of a subject. The subject is a person who is assumed to be the target for which the corresponding color is provided. The subject may be a person with normal color vision, or a person with a specific type of color blindness such as P type, D type, etc. The consideration ratio is an index indicating the degree of change from the reference color to the corresponding color.

[0029] The response calculation unit 12 is a functional module that calculates the response from the color vision system of a person who sees a reference color as a reference response. The response calculation unit 12 calculates the reference response based on the reference spectrum and the reference model. The response corresponds to the electrical signals transmitted from the L-, M-, and S-cones to the brain through the optic nerve.

[0030] The spectrum calculation unit 13 is a functional module that calculates a conversion spectrum for outputting a response that matches or approximates a reference response from a subject model. A "response that matches or approximates a reference response" refers to a response whose difference from the reference response is equal to or less than a predetermined threshold.

[0031] The generator 14 is a functional module that generates a corresponding spectrum based on at least the transformed spectrum. In one example, the generator 14 generates the corresponding spectrum based on the reference spectrum, the transformed spectrum, and the consideration ratio.

[0032] The color generation system 1 may further include a manufacturing device 20. The manufacturing device 20 is a device or a group of devices that manufactures a pigment 40 of a corresponding color from one or more pigment materials 30 prepared in advance based on a corresponding spectrum. A pigment is a substance that imparts color to an object. The pigment may be a dye or a pigment.

[0033] [Color vision model] Both the reference model and the subject model can be said to be color vision models that represent the human color vision system. In one example, the color vision model shows the sensitivity characteristics of each of the L cones, M cones, and S cones. The sensitivity characteristics are also called spectral characteristics. Figure 2 is a graph showing an example of the sensitivity characteristics of each cone for a person with normal color vision and a person with color deficiency. The horizontal and vertical axes of the graph show wavelength (nm) and relative sensitivity, respectively. The color deficiency person shown in Figure 2 corresponds to P-type weakness. In this color deficiency person, the sensitivity characteristics of the M cones and L cones overlap to a greater extent than in a person with normal color vision (C type). Such differences in sensitivity characteristics cause differences in color recognition or discrimination.

[0034] [System Operation] A color generation method executed by the color generation system 1 will be described with reference to Fig. 3. Fig. 3 is a flow chart showing an example of the operation of the color generation system 1 as a process flow S1.

[0035] In step S11, the acquisition unit 11 acquires a reference spectrum, a subject model, and a consideration ratio. In one example, a user of the color conversion system 10 inputs a reference color, a type of color vision of the subject, and a consideration ratio. The acquisition unit 11 accepts the input, and reads out a reference spectrum corresponding to the reference color and a subject model corresponding to the type of color vision from a predetermined storage device. Alternatively, the acquisition unit 11 may accept input of the reference spectrum, the subject model, and the consideration ratio. Alternatively, the acquisition unit 11 may receive these data from another computer.

[0036] In one example, the reference spectrum is represented by the reflectance (%) at each wavelength (nm) in the visible light range. The reference spectrum may be expressed as a spectral function that indicates the relationship between wavelength and reflectance.

[0037] In one example, the subject model indicates the sensitivity characteristics of each of the L cones, M cones, and S cones as shown in FIG. 2. The subject model may be expressed by a sensitivity function indicating the relationship between wavelength and relative sensitivity. This sensitivity function may be prepared for each of the L cones, M cones, and S cones. As described above, the subject model indicates a color vision system (color vision model) of either a person with normal color vision or a person with color deficiency. The subject model may be a color vision model obtained by measuring the sensitivity of the L cones, M cones, and S cones of an individual (subject), or may be a color vision model based on representative values ​​such as P-type acuity and D-type acuity.

[0038] In one example, the consideration ratio is represented by a numerical value greater than 0% and less than or equal to 100%. When the consideration ratio is 0%, the corresponding color is the same as the reference color. When the consideration ratio is 100%, the color recognized by the subject who sees the corresponding color is the same as or close to the color recognized by the reference color vision person who sees the reference color. In other words, when the consideration ratio is 100%, the subject can experience through the corresponding color the situation in which the reference color vision person sees the reference color. When the consideration ratio is within a specific numerical value or numerical range, the colors recognized by both the subject who sees the corresponding color and the reference color vision person can be the same or nearly the same. Such a consideration ratio can be, for example, 20% or a value close thereto.

[0039] In step S12, the response calculation unit 12 calculates a reference response based on the reference spectrum and the reference model. The reference response may be defined by a response α from an L cone, a response β from an M cone, and a response γ from an S cone, and this reference response is expressed as (α, β, γ) in the present disclosure.

[0040] In one example, the response calculation unit 12 calculates the response from each of the L, M, and S cones of the reference color vision person that senses the reference color as follows: The response calculation unit 12 calculates the product of the relative sensitivity of the cone and the reflectance shown in the reference spectrum at each wavelength in the visible light range. This product can be said to indicate the degree of excitation. The response calculation unit 12 calculates the sum of the products at each wavelength as the response from the cone.

[0041] Let the wavelength be x, and the sensitivity functions of the L, M, and S cones be f L (x),f M (x),f S Let the spectral function of the reference color be denoted as (x) and the spectral function of the reference color be denoted as g(x). In this case, the responses α, β, and γ can be expressed as equations (1) to (3), respectively. α=∫f L (x)g(x)dx …(1) β=∫f M (x)g(x)dx …(2) γ=∫f S (x)g(x)dx …(3)

[0042] That is, the response calculation section 12 can calculate the integral of the product of the sensitivity function and the spectral function in each cone as the reference response (α, β, γ).

[0043] In step S13, the spectrum calculation unit 13 calculates a conversion spectrum based on the reference spectrum, the subject model, and the reference response. In one example, the spectrum calculation unit 13 changes at least a part of the reference spectrum to generate a candidate spectrum. Then, the spectrum calculation unit 13 inputs the candidate spectrum to the subject model, and calculates a response from the color vision system of the subject who visually recognizes the color indicated by the candidate spectrum as the subject response (α', β', γ'). The spectrum calculation unit 13 determines whether the subject response (α', β', γ') matches or approximates the reference response (α, β, γ). While changing at least a part of the reference spectrum, the spectrum calculation unit 13 searches for a subject response (α', β', γ') that matches or approximates the reference response (α, β, γ), and finally identifies the conversion spectrum. The conversion spectrum can also be said to be a corresponding spectrum when the consideration ratio is 100%.

[0044] In step S14, the generation unit 14 generates a corresponding spectrum based on the reference spectrum, the transformed spectrum, and the consideration ratio. In one example, the generation unit 14 synthesizes the reference spectrum and the transformed spectrum by a linear combination based on the consideration ratio to generate a corresponding spectrum. The reference spectrum, the transformed spectrum, and the consideration ratio are respectively denoted as S d ,S v ,r, the corresponding spectrum S c is expressed by equation (4), where r is greater than 0 and equal to or less than 1. When r=1, that is, when the consideration ratio is 100%, the generation unit 14 sets the converted spectrum as the corresponding spectrum as it is. S c =(1-r) S d +r S v …(4)

[0045] In step S15, the manufacturing device 20 manufactures a pigment 40 of the corresponding color based on the generated corresponding spectrum. In one example, the manufacturing device 20 selects one or more pigment materials 30 from a plurality of pigment materials 30 prepared in advance by referring to the corresponding spectrum, and determines a mixing ratio for each of the selected pigment materials 30. Then, the manufacturing device 20 manufactures the pigment 40 by mixing the selected one or more pigment materials 30 according to the determined mixing ratio. The manufacturing device 20 may generate the pigment 40 according to the one or more pigment materials 30 and mixing ratio selected by the operator. In any case, the pigment 40 has a corresponding spectrum based on the reference spectrum, and contributes to color expression taking into account color vision diversity.

[0046] [Pigment] The configuration of the dye 40 manufactured by the color generation system 1 (manufacturing apparatus 20) will be described with reference to Fig. 4 to Fig. 7. Fig. 4 to Fig. 7 are all graphs showing the relationship between the reference spectrum and the corresponding spectrum. In each graph, the horizontal axis and vertical axis respectively indicate the wavelength (nm) and the reflectance (%).

[0047] FIG. 4 shows four examples 310, 320, 330, and 340. Each of these examples shows a pair of a Gaussian function-type reference spectrum and a corresponding spectrum generated for a P-type person based on the reference spectrum. Example 310 shows a reference spectrum 311 and a corresponding spectrum 312 generated based on the reference spectrum 311 with a consideration ratio of 100%. Corresponding spectra 322, 332, and 342 correspond to the reference spectra 321, 331, and 341, respectively. The consideration ratio of the corresponding spectra 322, 332, and 342 is also 100%.

[0048] 5 shows three examples 350, 360, and 370. Each of these examples shows a pair of a step-function-type reference spectrum and a corresponding spectrum generated for a P-type person based on the reference spectrum. The corresponding spectra 352, 362, and 372 correspond to the reference spectra 351, 361, and 371, respectively. The consideration ratio for the corresponding spectra 352, 362, and 372 is also 100%.

[0049] FIG. 6 shows four examples 310A, 320A, 330A, and 340A. Each of these examples shows a pair of a Gaussian function-type reference spectrum and a corresponding spectrum generated for a type D person based on the reference spectrum. The corresponding spectra 313, 323, 333, and 343 correspond to the reference spectra 311, 321, 331, and 341, respectively. The consideration ratio is 100% for each of the corresponding spectra 313, 323, 333, and 343.

[0050] 7 shows three examples 350A, 360A, and 370A. Each of these examples shows a pair of a step-function-type reference spectrum and a corresponding spectrum generated for a type D person based on the reference spectrum. The corresponding spectra 353, 363, and 373 correspond to the reference spectra 351, 361, and 371, respectively. The consideration ratios of the corresponding spectra 353, 363, and 373 are also 100%.

[0051] As shown in FIGS. 4 to 7, the corresponding spectra and dyes 40 obtained by the color generating system 1 can have two characteristics: The reflectance indicated by the corresponding spectrum is 0.025 or less in the range of 540 to 560 nm. The corresponding spectrum includes regions where the reflectance is 0.2 or more in each of the ranges of 380 to 540 nm and 560 to 730 nm.

[0052] Pigment 40 is the result of almost completely ignoring the 540-560 nm range where the L and M cones tend to overlap in the P-type and D-type, and actively utilizing the reflectance in the long wavelength range that is mainly absorbed by the L cones. This Pigment 40 makes it possible for a color-blind person to experience a situation in which a person with normal color vision perceives the reference color, and vice versa.

[0053] The pigment 40 may be used to manufacture various articles. For example, the pigment 40 may be used in paints or inks, or in stationery such as writing utensils, sticky notes, and notebooks, or in publications such as picture books, paintings, and photo books. Alternatively, the pigment 40 may be used in other articles such as clothes, fabrics, furniture, accessories, and signs. Through articles using the pigment 40, it is possible to provide a common understanding of color between people with normal color vision and people with color deficiency, and to promote mutual understanding regarding color recognition or discrimination. It is also possible to provide people with color deficiency with the opportunity to enjoy using articles in the same way as people with normal color vision. Alternatively, it is expected that through articles using the pigment 40, people with color deficiency will have confidence in their color selection and will reduce mistakes in color selection.

[0054] [Luminous bodies and their manufacture] With reference to FIG. 8, the configuration of a color generation system 1A according to an example will be described. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the functional configuration of the color generation system 1A. The color generation system 1A includes the above-mentioned color conversion system 10 and a manufacturing apparatus 50. The manufacturing apparatus 50 is an apparatus or a group of apparatuses that manufactures an illuminant 60 of a corresponding color based on a corresponding spectrum. An illuminant refers to an article that emits light by excitation energy (electrical energy, chemical energy, light energy, etc.). As shown in the example of FIG. 8, the color conversion system 10 can be used not only for manufacturing a pigment but also for manufacturing an illuminant.

[0055] A color generation method executed by the color generation system 1A will be described with reference to Fig. 9. Fig. 9 is a flowchart showing an example of the operation of the color generation system 1A as a process flow S1A. The process flow S1A differs from the above process flow S1 in that it includes step S15A instead of the above step S15. Step S15A will be described below.

[0056] In step S15A, the manufacturing apparatus 50 manufactures the luminous body 60 of the corresponding color based on the generated corresponding spectrum. In one example, the manufacturing apparatus 50 refers to the corresponding spectrum, selects one or more colors from a plurality of colors prepared in advance, and determines the mixing ratio of phosphors of each selected color. Then, the manufacturing apparatus 50 manufactures the luminous body 60 having one or more types of phosphors corresponding to the selected one or more colors at the determined mixing ratio. The phosphors of each color prepared for manufacturing the luminous body 60 may be manufactured by, for example, a method disclosed as Example 1 in JP 2009-161372 A. The quantum dots (quantum dot phosphors) disclosed in this document have a sharp emission spectrum with a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of about 30 nm. The manufacturing apparatus 50 may generate the luminous body 60 according to one or more colors (i.e., one or more types of phosphors) and mixing ratios selected by an operator. In any case, the luminous body 60 has a corresponding spectrum based on a reference spectrum, and contributes to color expression taking into account color vision diversity.

[0057] The illuminant 60 manufactured by the color generation system 1A (manufacturing apparatus 50) also shows the relationship between the reference spectrum and the corresponding spectrum as shown in Fig. 4 to Fig. 7, similar to the dye 40 described above. In the case of the illuminant 60, the vertical axis of each graph in Fig. 4 to Fig. 7 indicates relative intensity. As shown in Fig. 4 to Fig. 7, the corresponding spectrum and the illuminant 60 obtained by the color generation system 1A can have the following two characteristics. The ratio of the maximum intensity Mb in the range of 380 to 540 nm of the corresponding spectrum to the maximum intensity Ma in the range of 540 to 560 nm of the corresponding spectrum is 8.0 or more, i.e., Mb / Ma≧8.0. The ratio of the maximum intensity Mc in the range of 560 to 730 nm of the corresponding spectrum to the maximum intensity Ma in the range of 540 to 560 nm of the corresponding spectrum is 8.0 or more, i.e., Mc / Ma≧8.0.

[0058] The illuminant 60 is the result of almost not using the 540-560 nm range where the overlap between L and M cones tends to be large in the P-type and D-type, and actively utilizing the intensity of the long wavelength region that is mainly absorbed by L cones. This illuminant 60 makes it possible for a color-blind person to experience a situation in which a person with normal color vision recognizes a reference color, and vice versa.

[0059] The illuminant 60 may be used to manufacture various articles. The illuminant 60 may be a fluorescent material or a phosphorescent material. The illuminant 60 may be used, for example, in displays, traffic lights, lighting, wavelength conversion films, backlights, indicators, luminescent dyes, luminescent paints, or luminescent inks. Through articles using the illuminant 60, it is possible to provide a common understanding of color between people with normal color vision and people with color deficiency, and to promote mutual understanding regarding color recognition or discrimination. It is also possible to provide people with color deficiency with the opportunity to enjoy using articles in the same way as people with normal color vision. Alternatively, it is expected that through articles using the illuminant 60, people with color deficiency will have confidence in color selection and will make fewer mistakes in color selection.

[0060] [Variations] The technology according to the present disclosure has been described in detail above based on various examples. However, the present disclosure is not limited to the above examples. The technology according to the present disclosure can be modified in various ways without departing from the gist of the technology.

[0061] In the above example, the color conversion system 10 generates a corresponding spectrum based on the consideration ratio. However, when the color generation system (conversion system) sets the converted spectrum as the corresponding spectrum as it is, that is, when generating a corresponding spectrum with a consideration ratio of 100%, the color generation system (conversion system) does not need to acquire and use the consideration ratio.

[0062] The manufacturing equipment that produces the corresponding color pigments or phosphors may be located in a computer or control system separate from the color generation system.

[0063] The processing procedure of the method executed by at least one processor is not limited to the above example. For example, some of the above steps may be omitted, or each step may be executed in a different order. In addition, any two or more of the above steps may be combined, or some of the steps may be modified or deleted. Alternatively, other steps may be executed in addition to the above steps.

[0064] In the present disclosure, when comparing the magnitude relationship of two numerical values, either of the two criteria of "greater than or equal to" and "greater than" may be used, or either of the two criteria of "less than or equal to" and "less than" may be used.

[0065] In this disclosure, the expression "at least one processor executes a first process, executes a second process, ... executes an nth process" or a corresponding expression indicates a concept including a case where the entity executing the n processes from the first process to the nth process, i.e., the processor, changes midway through. In other words, this expression indicates a concept including both a case where all of the n processes are executed by the same processor and a case where the processor changes among the n processes according to an arbitrary policy.

[0066] The articles in which the dye or illuminant according to the present disclosure is used are classified into various categories. The categories include, for example, food, clothing, and shelter, clothing / fashion, school / children, brand / advertising, toys, and others. Specific examples of articles included in these categories are as follows. Articles related to food, clothing, and shelter include, for example, clothing, food containing coloring agents, tableware, tablecloths, wallpaper, furniture, bedding, and the like. Articles related to food, clothing, and shelter may be combinations of wallpaper, furniture, bedding, and the like with lighting. Examples of clothing / fashion-related items include umbrellas, hats, hairpins, hair ties, headbands, hair bands, glasses, sunglasses, earrings, pierced earrings, earphones, cosmetics, nail art items (nail polish, gel, stickers, etc.), necklaces, ties, scarves, mufflers, shawls, tie pins, inner tops, outer tops, inner bottoms, outer bottoms, gloves, wristbands, bracelets, watches, smart watches, rings, smartphone cases, bags, belts, socks, leggings, tights, stockings, anklets, shoes, sandals, geta (wooden clogs), slippers, folding fans, handkerchiefs, towels, etc. Examples of school / children-related items include stationery, notebooks, letter sets, tool cases, school bags, textbooks / teaching materials, uniforms, gym clothes, indoor shoes, paint sets, lunch boxes, crayons, sticky notes, files, binders, etc. Examples of brand / advertising related items include items with logos, signs, advertising items, packages (drinks, sweets, book covers, CD jackets), etc. Examples of toy related items include stuffed toys / dolls, play house supplies, clay, etc. Other items include candles, soap, business cards, etc. Thus, the items according to the present disclosure are diverse, with specific items included in each category. This makes it possible to accommodate a variety of uses or scenes.

[0067] [Note] As can be seen from the various examples above, the present disclosure includes the following aspects. (Appendix 1) an acquisition unit that acquires a reference spectrum that is a spectrum of a reference color and a subject model that represents a color vision system of a subject; a response calculation unit that calculates a response from the color vision system of a reference color vision person who visually recognizes the reference color as a reference response based on a predetermined reference model that indicates the color vision system of the reference color vision person and the reference spectrum; a spectrum calculation unit for calculating a transformation spectrum for outputting a response from the subject model that matches or approximates the reference response; a generation unit that generates a corresponding spectrum, which is a spectrum of a corresponding color corresponding to the reference color, based on the converted spectrum; A color generation system comprising: (Appendix 2) the acquisition unit further acquires a consideration ratio indicating a degree of change from the reference color to the corresponding color; The generation unit generates the corresponding spectrum based on the reference spectrum, the converted spectrum, and the consideration ratio. 2. The color generation system of claim 1. (Appendix 3) the generation unit synthesizes the reference spectrum and the converted spectrum by a linear combination based on the consideration ratio to generate the corresponding spectrum. 3. The color generation system of claim 2. (Appendix 4) The generation unit sets the converted spectrum as the corresponding spectrum. 2. The color generation system of claim 1. (Appendix 5) the subject model represents sensitivity characteristics of each of the subject's L cones, M cones, and S cones; The reference model indicates sensitivity characteristics of each of the L cones, the M cones, and the S cones of the reference color vision person, The response calculation unit calculates responses from the L cones, the M cones, and the S cones of the reference color vision person as the reference responses; The spectrum calculation unit calculates the transformed spectrum based on responses from each of the L cones, the M cones, and the S cones of the subject. A color generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 4. (Appendix 6) obtaining a reference spectrum, which is a spectrum of reference colors, and a subject model representative of the subject's color vision system; calculating a response from the color vision system of a reference color vision person who visually recognizes the reference color as a reference response based on a predetermined reference model representing the color vision system of the reference color vision person and the reference spectrum; calculating a transformed spectrum to cause the subject model to output a response that matches or approximates the reference response; generating a corresponding spectrum, which is a spectrum of a corresponding color corresponding to the reference color, based on the converted spectrum; A color generation program that causes a computer to execute the above. (Appendix 7) obtaining a reference spectrum, which is a spectrum of reference colors, and a subject model representative of the subject's color vision system; calculating a response from the color vision system of a reference color vision person who visually recognizes the reference color as a reference response based on a predetermined reference model representing the color vision system of the reference color vision person and the reference spectrum; calculating a transformed spectrum to cause the subject model to output a response that matches or approximates the reference response; generating a corresponding spectrum, which is a spectrum of a corresponding color corresponding to the reference color, based on the converted spectrum; producing a pigment or phosphor of the corresponding color based on the corresponding spectrum; A method for producing a dye or luminescent material comprising the steps of: (Appendix 8) having a corresponding spectrum based on a reference spectrum, the reference spectrum being a spectrum of a reference color; The reflectance shown by the corresponding spectrum is 0.025 or less in the range of 540 to 560 nm, The corresponding spectrum includes a region in which the reflectance is 0.2 or more in each of the ranges of 380 to 540 nm and 560 to 730 nm. Pigment. (Appendix 9) having a corresponding spectrum based on a reference spectrum, the reference spectrum being a spectrum of a reference color; the ratio of the maximum intensity in the range of 380 to 540 nm of the corresponding spectrum to the maximum intensity in the range of 540 to 560 nm of the corresponding spectrum is 8.0 or more; a ratio of a maximum intensity in the range of 560 to 730 nm of the corresponding spectrum to a maximum intensity in the range of 540 to 560 nm of the corresponding spectrum is 8.0 or more; Light emitter.

[0068] According to Supplementary Note 1 and 6, a conversion spectrum that allows the subject to perceive the reference color in the same way as the reference color vision person is calculated, and a spectrum of a corresponding color that corresponds to the reference color (corresponding spectrum) is generated based on this conversion spectrum. This corresponding spectrum makes it possible to provide colors taking into account color vision diversity.

[0069] According to Supplementary Note 2, the consideration ratio can be used to precisely generate a desired corresponding spectrum. For example, a spectrum of colors that is recognized in the same way by both normal color vision sufferers and color-blind people can be generated.

[0070] According to Appendix 3, the reference spectrum and the transformed spectrum are synthesized by a linear combination, so that the corresponding spectrum can be generated by a simple calculation.

[0071] According to Note 4, the conversion spectrum is set as the corresponding spectrum as is, making it possible for a color-blind person to experience colors as perceived by a person with normal color vision, and vice versa.

[0072] According to Appendix 5, a subject model and a reference model that mimic the actual human color vision system are used, so that the corresponding spectrum can be generated more accurately.

[0073] According to Appendix 7, a conversion spectrum that allows the subject to perceive the reference color in the same way as a reference color vision person is calculated, and a spectrum of a corresponding color (corresponding spectrum) that corresponds to the reference color is generated based on this conversion spectrum. Then, a pigment or illuminant of the corresponding color is manufactured based on this corresponding spectrum. By using this pigment or illuminant, it is possible to provide colors taking into account color vision diversity.

[0074] According to Appendix 8, by using a dye having the above properties, it is possible to provide colors that take into account color vision diversity.

[0075] According to Supplementary Note 9, by using an illuminant having the above characteristics, it is possible to provide colors taking into account color vision diversity. [Explanation of symbols]

[0076] 1, 1A...color generation system, 10...color conversion system, 11...acquisition unit, 12...response calculation unit, 13...spectrum calculation unit, 14...generation unit, 20...manufacturing apparatus, 30...dye material, 40...dye, 50...manufacturing apparatus, 60...illuminant.

Claims

1. an acquisition unit that acquires a reference spectrum that is a spectrum of a reference color and a subject model that represents a color vision system of a subject; a response calculation unit that calculates a response from the color vision system of a reference color vision person who visually recognizes the reference color as a reference response based on a predetermined reference model that indicates the color vision system of the reference color vision person and the reference spectrum; a spectrum calculation unit for calculating a transformation spectrum for outputting a response from the subject model that matches or approximates the reference response; a generation unit that generates a corresponding spectrum, which is a spectrum of a corresponding color corresponding to the reference color, based on the converted spectrum; Equipped with The spectrum calculation unit is modifying at least a portion of the reference spectrum to generate candidate spectra; inputting the candidate spectrum into the subject model and calculating a response from the color vision system of the subject visually perceiving the color represented by the candidate spectrum as a subject response; determining whether the subject response matches or approximates the reference response; searching for a subject response that matches or approximates the reference response while varying the at least a portion of the reference spectrum to identify the transformed spectrum. Color generation system.

2. the acquisition unit further acquires a consideration ratio indicating a degree of change from the reference color to the corresponding color; The generation unit generates the corresponding spectrum based on the reference spectrum, the converted spectrum, and the consideration ratio. The color generating system of claim 1 .

3. the generation unit synthesizes the reference spectrum and the converted spectrum by a linear combination based on the consideration ratio to generate the corresponding spectrum. The color generating system of claim 2 .

4. The generation unit sets the converted spectrum as the corresponding spectrum. The color generating system of claim 1 .

5. the subject model represents sensitivity characteristics of each of the subject's L cones, M cones, and S cones; the reference model indicates sensitivity characteristics of each of the L cones, the M cones, and the S cones of the reference color vision person; The response calculation unit calculates responses from each of the L cones, the M cones, and the S cones of the reference color vision person as the reference responses; The spectrum calculation unit calculates responses from each of the L cone, the M cone, and the S cone of the subject as the subject response. A color generating system according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

6. obtaining a reference spectrum, which is a spectrum of reference colors, and a subject model representative of the subject's color vision system; calculating a response from the color vision system of a reference color vision person who visually recognizes the reference color as a reference response based on a predetermined reference model representing the color vision system of the reference color vision person and the reference spectrum; calculating a transformed spectrum to cause the subject model to output a response that matches or approximates the reference response; generating a corresponding spectrum, which is a spectrum of a corresponding color corresponding to the reference color, based on the converted spectrum; Run the following on your computer: In the step of calculating the transformed spectrum, modifying at least a portion of the reference spectrum to generate candidate spectra; inputting the candidate spectrum into the subject model and calculating a response from the color vision system of the subject visually perceiving the color represented by the candidate spectrum as a subject response; determining whether the subject response matches or approximates the reference response; searching for a subject response that matches or approximates the reference response while varying the at least a portion of the reference spectrum to identify the transformed spectrum. Color generation program.

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