Apparatus, system and interference avoidance method

Abstract

The present application provides an interference avoidance method, device and system, and relates to the field of communication technology. In the present application, based on the interference detection result, the parameters related to the beam coverage direction are dynamically transferred between the baseband unit and the radio frequency unit, and the interference in the spatial domain dimension is avoided. Since the spatial domain resource of the wireless air interface is fully used to avoid the interference without sacrificing the time domain resource and the frequency domain resource of the wireless air interface, the impact of the interference avoidance on the service performance is mitigated and the service performance of the base station is improved. In addition, the radio frequency unit is supported in automatically adjusting the beam coverage direction. Therefore, the problems of excessively long delay, low efficiency and possible performance loss in the solution of manually adjusting the coverage direction are solved to a certain extent, and the coverage direction can be adjusted more quickly and efficiently.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202111669290.5, entitled "Apparatus, System and Method for Avoiding Interference," filed with the State Intellectual Property Office of the People's Republic of China on December 31, 2021. This Chinese patent application is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

[0002] The present application relates to the field of communication technologies, and in particular to interference avoidance methods, devices and systems. [Background technology]

[0003] During operation, base stations are often interfered with by external radio frequency signals, resulting in a significant reduction in the cell's service capacity.

[0004] In the prior art, to avoid interference, if a base station is interfered with, the downlink transmission slots of service data are reduced, or if a base station is interfered with, the transmission slots of uplink service data are adjusted.

[0005] Using the above methods to avoid interference will have a significant impact on service performance. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The embodiments of the present application provide an interference avoidance method, device and system to help improve the service performance of a base station. The technical solutions are described as follows:

[0007] According to a first aspect, there is provided an interference avoidance method. The method includes a step of a baseband unit obtaining a first parameter based on an interference detection result; a step of the baseband unit generating a first message based on the first parameter, wherein the first message instructs a radio frequency unit to adjust a beam coverage direction based on the first parameter; and a step of the baseband unit transmitting the first message to the radio frequency unit.

[0008] In the above-mentioned method, parameters related to the beam coverage direction are dynamically transferred between the baseband unit and the radio frequency unit based on the interference detection result, thereby avoiding interference in the spatial domain dimension. Since the spatial domain resources of the wireless air interface are fully utilized to avoid interference without sacrificing the time domain and frequency domain resources of the wireless air interface, the impact of interference avoidance on service performance is mitigated, and the service performance of the base station is improved. In addition, the radio frequency unit is supported in automatically adjusting the beam coverage direction. Therefore, the problems of excessively long delays, low efficiency, and possible performance losses in solutions that manually adjust the coverage direction are resolved to some extent, and the coverage direction can be adjusted more quickly and efficiently.

[0009] In a possible implementation, the first message includes first time information, which indicates a time point when the first parameter starts to take effect.

[0010] In the above implementation, information related to the parameter validity time is transferred between the baseband unit and the radio frequency unit, so that the radio frequency unit is supported in automatically starting to adjust the beam coverage direction at the specified time, and the requirements of service scenarios in which many coverage direction adjustment opportunities are needed are met.

[0011] In a possible implementation, the first time information includes a frame number and / or a subframe number from which the first parameter begins to take effect.

[0012] In a possible implementation, the first time information includes a slot number, a sub-slot number or a mini-slot number at which the first parameter starts to take effect.

[0013] In a possible implementation, the first time information comprises a timestamp of when the first parameter starts to take effect.

[0014] In the above implementation, information such as the specific frame number, subframe number and slot number corresponding to the parameter validity time is transferred between the baseband unit and the radio frequency unit, so that the time of start of adjustment of the beam coverage direction is more accurate.

[0015] In a possible implementation, the first message includes first duration information, and the first duration information indicates a continuous valid duration of the first parameter.

[0016] In the above implementation, information related to the parameter effective duration is transferred between the baseband unit and the radio frequency unit, so that the radio frequency unit is supported in automatically returning to the beam direction after the specified duration, and the original beam coverage direction is automatically restored.

[0017] Additionally, the baseband unit does not need to be required to retransmit messages instructing the radio frequency unit to return to the beam coverage direction, thereby reducing communication overhead between the baseband unit and the radio frequency unit.

[0018] In a possible implementation, the first duration information includes at least one of the number of consecutive valid TTIs of the first parameter, the number of consecutive valid slots of the first parameter, or the number of consecutive valid radio frames of the first parameter.

[0019] In a possible implementation, the first duration information includes the number of consecutive valid seconds, minutes, hours or milliseconds of the first parameter.

[0020] In a possible implementation, the first duration information indicates a time point at which the valid state of the first parameter ends. For example, the first duration information includes a frame number, subframe number, slot number, or subslot number at which the valid state of the first parameter ends. In another example, the first duration information includes a timestamp at which the valid state of the first parameter ends.

[0021] In the above implementation, the baseband unit and the radio frequency unit support transmission of the parameter valid duration in multiple information formats to accommodate more application scenarios.

[0022] In a possible implementation, the first message is a CPRI message or an eCPRI message.

[0023] In the above implementation, the beam coverage direction parameters are transferred through CPRI or eCPRI, so the existing communication mechanism in CPRI or eCPRI can be reused, which reduces the implementation complexity and helps to smoothly evolve the live network.

[0024] In a possible implementation, the first parameter includes a downtilt angle and the first message includes a value of the downtilt angle or a variation of the downtilt angle.

[0025] In a possible implementation, the first message includes an index of an interval of values ​​of the downtilt angle.

[0026] In a possible implementation, the first parameter includes a beamforming matrix, and the first message includes a value of the beamforming matrix or an index of the beamforming matrix.

[0027] In a possible implementation, the first message includes values ​​for each sub-matrix in the beamforming matrix.

[0028] In a possible implementation, the first message includes the index of each sub-matrix in the beamforming matrix.

[0029] In a possible implementation, the baseband unit obtaining the first parameter based on the interference detection result includes the baseband unit obtaining the first parameter based on a parameter value used so far and a stepping value.

[0030] In the above implementation, the beam coverage direction can be adjusted in a step by step manner, which helps make the beam coverage direction adjustment process smoother and more precise.

[0031] In a possible implementation, the stepping value is positively correlated with the interference strength, ie, a larger interference strength indicates a larger corresponding stepping value.

[0032] In the above implementation, the base station is supported to make large adjustments to the beam coverage direction in scenarios where strong interference is present, thereby avoiding interference more quickly.

[0033] In a possible implementation, the interference detection result includes an interference direction, and the step of the baseband unit obtaining a first parameter based on the interference detection result includes the step of the baseband unit obtaining the first parameter based on the interference direction information, wherein the beam coverage direction corresponding to the first parameter avoids the interference direction.

[0034] In the above implementation, it is guaranteed that interference directions are avoided after the coverage directions are adjusted.

[0035] In a possible implementation, the beam coverage direction corresponding to the first parameter avoiding the interference direction includes the energy of the beam directed toward the interference direction being 0.

[0036] In the above implementation, the energy of the beam in the interference direction is 0, which corresponds to the signal strength in the interference direction being 0. There is no signal strength, and naturally there is no interference. This avoids the interference direction.

[0037] In a possible implementation, the beam coverage direction corresponding to the first parameter avoiding the interference direction includes the energy of the beam directed toward the interference direction being less than the energy of the beam directed toward the interference direction in a past period.

[0038] In the above implementation, since the energy of the beam toward the interference direction is smaller than that of the beam toward the interference direction in the past period, this corresponds to the signal strength being reduced in the interference direction, which reduces the influence of interference to a certain extent and ensures that the service data can still be received and transmitted in the interference direction.

[0039] In a possible implementation, before the baseband unit transmits the first message to the radio frequency unit, the method further includes the baseband unit determining a transmission time for the first message based on a message processing duration of the radio frequency unit and a transmission delay of the fronthaul interface.

[0040] In the above implementation, considering that a certain time needs to be consumed for processing a message inside the radio frequency unit and a certain time needs to be consumed for transmitting a message between the paths of the radio frequency unit and the baseband unit, the baseband unit determines the time for transferring parameters in the above implementation, which is equivalent to reserving time in advance for the radio frequency unit's subsequent message processing process and message transmission process, thereby ensuring that the radio frequency unit has enough time to adjust the beam coverage direction and avoiding the radio frequency unit being unable to perform the adjustment in time.

[0041] In a possible implementation, the time interval between the transmission time of the first message and the time indicated by the first time information is greater than the message processing duration of the radio frequency unit.

[0042] In a possible implementation, the time interval between the transmission time of the first message and the time indicated by the first time information is greater than the transmission delay of the fronthaul interface.

[0043] In a possible implementation, the time interval between the transmission time of the first message and the time indicated by the first time information is greater than or equal to the sum of the message processing duration of the radio frequency unit and the transmission delay of the fronthaul interface.

[0044] In a possible implementation, the step of the baseband unit determining the time of transmission of the first message based on the message processing duration of the radio frequency unit and the transmission delay of the fronthaul interface includes the step of the baseband unit determining the time of transfer of the parameters based on the duration of processing of the control plane message by the radio frequency unit and the transmission delay of the control plane interface; and the step of the baseband unit accordingly transmitting the first message to the radio frequency unit includes the step of the baseband unit transmitting the first message to the radio frequency unit through the control plane interface.

[0045] In a possible implementation, the step of the baseband unit determining the time of transmission of the first message based on the message processing duration of the radio frequency unit and the transmission delay of the fronthaul interface includes the step of the baseband unit determining the time of transfer of the parameters based on the duration of processing of the control plane message by the radio frequency unit and the transmission delay of the data plane interface; and the step of the baseband unit accordingly transmitting the first message to the radio frequency unit includes the step of the baseband unit transmitting the first message to the radio frequency unit through the data plane interface.

[0046] In the above implementation, parameters related to the coverage direction can be transferred in multiple ways, such as a control plane interface and a data plane interface.

[0047] In a possible implementation, the step of the baseband unit generating the first message based on the first parameter includes the following steps:

[0048] generating, by the baseband unit, the first message based on the first parameter in response to the interference detection result indicating that atmospheric duct interference is present; generating, by the baseband unit, the first message based on the first parameter in response to the interference detection result indicating that atmospheric duct interference has disappeared; generating, by the baseband unit, the first message based on the first parameter in response to the interference detection result indicating that the intensity of atmospheric duct interference is decreasing; or In response to the interference detection result indicating that a direction of atmospheric duct interference is changing, the baseband unit generates the first message based on the first parameter.

[0049] In the above implementation, scenarios where atmospheric duct interference is avoided are supported.

[0050] In a possible implementation, the method further comprises the following steps:

[0051] generating a second message by the baseband unit, wherein the second message instructs the radio frequency unit to transmit a designated sequence at a designated time based on a second parameter, the designated sequence being used by the baseband unit to perform interference detection, and a beam coverage direction corresponding to the second parameter being different from the beam coverage direction corresponding to the first parameter; and The baseband unit transmits the second message to the radio frequency unit.

[0052] In the above implementation, considering that the interfering signal may not be continuously received after the beam coverage direction is adjusted, when the specified sequence is transmitted, the original beam coverage direction is restored, which helps the baseband unit to continuously perform interference detection based on the specified sequence.

[0053] In a possible implementation, the second message includes second time information, which indicates a time point when the second parameter starts to take effect.

[0054] In a possible implementation, the second message includes second duration information, which indicates a continuing valid duration of the second parameter.

[0055] In a possible implementation, the second parameter includes a downtilt angle and the first message includes a value of the downtilt angle or a variation of the downtilt angle.

[0056] In a possible implementation, the second parameter includes a beamforming matrix, and the second message includes a value of the beamforming matrix or an index of the beamforming matrix.

[0057] In a possible implementation, the method comprises: generating a third message by the baseband unit if the radio frequency unit has transmitted a calibration sequence at the specified time, wherein the third message instructs the radio frequency unit to stop transmitting the calibration sequence, the calibration sequence being used to calibrate a transmission channel of the radio frequency unit; and the baseband unit transmitting the third message to the radio frequency unit. Further includes:

[0058] In a possible implementation, the third message further instructs the radio frequency unit to retransmit the calibration sequence after the validity period of the second parameter has expired; or The third message includes third time information, and the third time information indicates a time point at which the calibration sequence is transmitted.

[0059] In a possible implementation, the third message includes an activation identifier, which is used to identify the transmission of the calibration sequence or the end of the transmission of the calibration sequence.

[0060] According to a second aspect, there is provided an interference avoidance method. In the method, a radio frequency unit receiving a first message from a baseband unit, wherein the first message instructs the radio frequency unit to adjust a beam coverage direction based on a first parameter; and The radio frequency unit adjusts the beam coverage direction based on the first message and the first parameter.

[0061] In a possible implementation, the step of the radio frequency unit adjusting the beam coverage direction based on the first message and the first parameter includes a step of the radio frequency unit automatically adjusting the beam coverage direction based on the first message and the first parameter.

[0062] In one possible implementation, the first message includes first time information indicating a time point at which the first parameter begins to take effect, and the step of the radio frequency unit automatically adjusting the beam coverage direction based on the first message and the first parameter includes the step of the radio frequency unit starting to adjust the beam coverage direction at the time point indicated by the first time information.

[0063] In a possible implementation, the first time information includes a frame number at which the first parameter starts to become effective, and the step of the radio frequency unit automatically adjusting the beam coverage direction based on the first message and the first parameter includes the step of the radio frequency unit starting to adjust the beam coverage direction at a radio frame corresponding to the frame number.

[0064] In a possible implementation, the first time information includes a subframe number in which the first parameter starts to become effective, and the step of the radio frequency unit automatically adjusting the beam coverage direction based on the first message and the first parameter includes the step of the radio frequency unit starting to adjust the beam coverage direction in a subframe corresponding to the subframe number.

[0065] In a possible implementation, the first time information includes a frame number and a subframe number at which the first parameter starts to become effective, and the step of the radio frequency unit automatically adjusting the beam coverage direction based on the first message and the first parameter includes the step of the radio frequency unit starting to adjust the beam coverage direction in a subframe corresponding to the subframe number and a radio frame corresponding to the frame number.

[0066] In a possible implementation, the first time information comprises a timestamp of when the first parameter starts to take effect.

[0067] In one possible implementation, the first message includes first duration information indicating a continuous valid duration of the first parameter, and the step of the radio frequency unit automatically adjusting the beam coverage direction based on the first message and the first parameter includes the step of the radio frequency unit starting adjustment of the beam coverage direction based on the valid duration.

[0068] In a possible implementation, the first message is a CPRI message or an eCPRI message.

[0069] In a possible implementation, the first parameter includes a downtilt angle and the first message includes a value of the downtilt angle or a variation of the downtilt angle.

[0070] In a possible implementation, the first message includes an index of an interval of values ​​of the downtilt angle.

[0071] In a possible implementation, the first parameter includes a beamforming matrix, and the first message includes a value of the beamforming matrix or an index of the beamforming matrix.

[0072] In a possible implementation, the first message includes values ​​for each sub-matrix in the beamforming matrix.

[0073] In a possible implementation, the first message includes the index of each sub-matrix in the beamforming matrix.

[0074] In a possible implementation, the beam coverage direction corresponding to the first parameter avoids the interfering direction.

[0075] In a possible implementation, the beam coverage direction corresponding to the first parameter avoiding the interference direction includes the energy of the beam directed toward the interference direction being 0.

[0076] In a possible implementation, the beam coverage direction corresponding to the first parameter avoiding the interference direction includes the energy of the beam directed toward the interference direction being less than the energy of the beam directed toward the interference direction in a past period.

[0077] In a possible implementation, receiving the first message by the radio frequency unit from the baseband unit includes receiving the first message by the radio frequency unit over a control plane interface.

[0078] In a possible implementation, receiving the first message by the radio frequency unit from the baseband unit includes receiving the first message by the radio frequency unit over a data plane interface.

[0079] In a possible implementation, the method further comprises the following steps:

[0080] receiving, by the radio frequency unit, a second message from the baseband unit, wherein the second message instructs the radio frequency unit to transmit a designated sequence at a designated time based on a second parameter, the designated sequence being used by the baseband unit to perform interference detection, and a beam coverage direction corresponding to the second parameter being different from the beam coverage direction corresponding to the first parameter; and The radio frequency unit transmits the designated sequence at the designated time based on the second message and the second parameter.

[0081] In a possible implementation, the second message includes second time information, which indicates a time point when the second parameter starts to take effect.

[0082] In a possible implementation, the second message includes second duration information, which indicates a continuing valid duration of the second parameter.

[0083] In a possible implementation, the second parameter includes a downtilt angle and the first message includes a value of the downtilt angle or a variation of the downtilt angle.

[0084] In a possible implementation, the second parameter includes a beamforming matrix, and the second message includes a value of the beamforming matrix or an index of the beamforming matrix.

[0085] In a possible implementation, the method further comprises the following steps:

[0086] receiving, by the radio frequency unit, a third message from the baseband unit, wherein the third message instructs the radio frequency unit to stop transmitting a calibration sequence, the calibration sequence being used to calibrate a transmission channel of the radio frequency unit; and The radio frequency unit stops transmitting the calibration sequence based on the third message.

[0087] According to a third aspect, there is provided a communication device. The device is a processing module configured to obtain a first parameter based on the interference detection result, where the processing module is further configured to generate a first message based on the first parameter, the first message instructing the radio frequency unit to adjust a beam coverage direction based on the first parameter; and a transmitting module configured to transmit a first message to the radio frequency unit; Includes.

[0088] In a possible implementation, the first message includes first time information, which indicates a time point when the first parameter starts to take effect.

[0089] In a possible implementation, the first time information includes a frame number and / or a subframe number from which the first parameter begins to take effect.

[0090] In a possible implementation, the first message includes first duration information, and the first duration information indicates a continuous valid duration of the first parameter.

[0091] In a possible implementation, the first message is a CPRI message or an eCPRI message.

[0092] In a possible implementation, the first parameter includes a downtilt angle and the first message includes a value of the downtilt angle or a variation of the downtilt angle.

[0093] In a possible implementation, the first parameter includes a beamforming matrix, and the first message includes a value of the beamforming matrix or an index of the beamforming matrix.

[0094] In a possible implementation, the processing module is configured to obtain the first parameter based on previously used parameter values ​​and the stepping value.

[0095] In a possible implementation, the interference detection result includes an interference direction, and the processing module is configured to obtain the first parameter based on the interference direction information, wherein the beam coverage direction corresponding to the first parameter avoids the interference direction.

[0096] In a possible implementation, the beam coverage direction corresponding to the first parameter avoiding the interference direction may include: the energy of the beam directed in the interference direction is zero; or The energy of the beam directed in the interference direction is smaller than the energy of the beam directed in the interference direction in the past period. Includes.

[0097] In a possible implementation, the processing module comprises: configured to generate the first message based on the first parameter in response to the interference detection result indicating that an atmospheric duct interference exists; configured to generate the first message based on the first parameter in response to the interference detection result indicating that the atmospheric duct interference has disappeared; configured to generate the first message based on the first parameter in response to the interference detection result indicating that an intensity of atmospheric duct interference is decreasing; or The system is configured to generate the first message based on the first parameter in response to the interference detection result indicating that a direction of the atmospheric duct interference is changing.

[0098] In a possible implementation, the processing module is further configured to generate a second message, where the second message instructs the radio frequency unit to transmit a designated sequence at a designated time based on a second parameter, the designated sequence being used to perform interference detection, and a beam coverage direction corresponding to the second parameter is different from the beam coverage direction corresponding to the first parameter; and The transmission module is further configured to transmit the second message to the radio frequency unit.

[0099] In a possible implementation, the second message includes second time information, which indicates a time point when the second parameter starts to take effect.

[0100] In a possible implementation, the second message includes second duration information, which indicates a continuing valid duration of the second parameter.

[0101] In a possible implementation, the second parameter includes a downtilt angle and the first message includes a value of the downtilt angle or a variation of the downtilt angle.

[0102] In a possible implementation, the second parameter includes a beamforming matrix, and the second message includes a value of the beamforming matrix or an index of the beamforming matrix.

[0103] In a possible implementation, the processing module further comprises: the baseband unit is configured to generate a third message when the radio frequency unit transmits a calibration sequence at the specified time, wherein the third message instructs the radio frequency unit to stop transmitting the calibration sequence, the calibration sequence being used to calibrate a transmission channel of the radio frequency unit; and The transmitting module is further configured to transmit the third message to the radio frequency unit.

[0104] In a possible implementation, the third message further instructs the radio frequency unit to retransmit the calibration sequence after the validity period of the second parameter has expired; or The third message includes third time information, and the third time information indicates a time point at which the calibration sequence is transmitted.

[0105] In a possible implementation, the third message includes an activation identifier, which is used to identify the transmission of the calibration sequence or the end of the transmission of the calibration sequence.

[0106] In some embodiments, the units in the communication device provided in the third aspect are implemented using software, and the units in the communication device are program modules. In some other embodiments, the units in the communication device are implemented using hardware or firmware. For specific details of the communication device provided in the third aspect, please refer to the first aspect or any one of the optional schemes of the first aspect. Details will not be described again here.

[0107] According to a fourth aspect, there is provided a communication device. The device is disposed in a radio frequency unit, the device comprising: a receiving module configured to receive a first message from a baseband unit, wherein the first message instructs the radio frequency unit to adjust a beam coverage direction based on a first parameter; and a processing module configured to adjust the beam coverage direction based on the first message and the first parameter. Includes.

[0108] In a possible implementation, the processing module is configured to automatically adjust the beam coverage direction based on the first message and the first parameter.

[0109] In a possible implementation, the receiving module is further configured to receive a second message from the baseband unit, the second message instructing the radio frequency unit to transmit a designated sequence at a designated time based on a second parameter, the designated sequence being used by the baseband unit to perform interference detection, and a beam coverage direction corresponding to the second parameter being different from the beam coverage direction corresponding to the first parameter. The apparatus further includes a transmitting module configured to transmit the designated sequence at the designated time based on the second parameter and the second message.

[0110] In one possible implementation, the receiving module is further configured to receive a third message from the baseband unit, the third message instructing the radio frequency unit to stop transmitting a calibration sequence, the calibration sequence being used to calibrate a transmission channel of the radio frequency unit, and the device further includes a transmitting module configured to stop transmitting the calibration sequence based on the third message.

[0111] In some embodiments, the units in the communication device provided in the fourth aspect are implemented using software, and the units in the communication device are program modules. In some other embodiments, the units in the communication device are implemented using hardware or firmware. For specific details of the communication device provided in the fourth aspect, please refer to the second aspect or any one of the optional schemes of the second aspect. Details will not be described again here.

[0112] According to a fifth aspect, a communication device is provided. The communication device includes a processor, the processor is coupled to a memory, the memory stores at least one computer program instruction, and the at least one computer program instruction is loaded and executed by the processor, so that the communication device implements the method according to the first aspect or any one of the optional aspects of the first aspect. For specific details of the communication device provided in the fifth aspect, please refer to the first aspect or any one of the optional aspects of the first aspect. Details will not be described again here.

[0113] According to a sixth aspect, a communication device is provided. The communication device includes a processor, the processor is coupled to a memory, the memory stores at least one computer program instruction, and the at least one computer program instruction is loaded and executed by the processor, so that the communication device implements the method according to the second aspect or any one of the optional aspects of the second aspect. For specific details of the communication device provided in the sixth aspect, please refer to the second aspect or any one of the optional aspects of the second aspect. Details will not be described again here.

[0114] According to a seventh aspect, there is provided a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon at least one instruction that, when executed on a computer, enables the computer to perform a method according to the first aspect or any one of the optional implementations of the first aspect.

[0115] According to an eighth aspect, there is provided a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon at least one instruction that, when executed on a computer, enables the computer to perform a method according to the second aspect or any one of the optional implementations of the second aspect.

[0116] According to a ninth aspect, there is provided a computer program product, the computer program product comprising one or more computer program instructions which, when loaded and executed by a computer, enable the computer to perform the method according to the first aspect or any one of the optional implementations of the first aspect.

[0117] According to a tenth aspect, there is provided a computer program product, the computer program product comprising one or more computer program instructions which, when loaded and executed by a computer, enable the computer to perform a method according to the second aspect or any one of the optional implementations of the second aspect.

[0118] According to an eleventh aspect, there is provided a chip, the chip including programmable logic circuitry and / or program instructions, the chip being configured, when operated, to implement a method according to the first aspect or any one of the optional implementations of the first aspect.

[0119] According to a twelfth aspect, there is provided a chip, the chip including programmable logic circuitry and / or program instructions, which when operated is configured to implement a method according to the second aspect or any one of the optional schemes of the second aspect.

[0120] According to a thirteenth aspect, there is provided a communication system, the communication system including a communication device according to the third aspect and a communication device according to the fourth aspect; or the communication system including a communication device according to the fifth aspect and a communication device according to the sixth aspect. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0121] [Figure 1] 1 is a schematic diagram of a fronthaul network in a distributed base station defined in the eCPRI protocol according to an embodiment of the present application; FIG.

[0122] [Figure 2] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0123] [Figure 3] 1 is a schematic flowchart of an interference avoidance method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0124] [Figure 4] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of determining the time of transfer of parameters according to one embodiment.

[0125] [Figure 5] 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device 500 according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0126] [Figure 6] 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device 600 according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0127] [Figure 7] 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device 700 according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0128] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the following will describe the implementation of the present application in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0129] In the following, some terms and concepts in the embodiments of the present application are explained and described.

[0130] (1) Atmospheric duct interference

[0131] Atmospheric ducting is the effect of atmospheric refraction on electromagnetic waves under special weather conditions. Under the influence of atmospheric ducting, electromagnetic waves propagate as if in a waveguide, have extremely low propagation loss (similar to free-space propagation), and can cross horizontal planes to implement trans-horizon transmission. When atmospheric ducting occurs at a remote base station with a certain base station height level, the remote base station's high-power downlink signal can be transmitted over a long distance to a nearby base station. Because the long-distance transmission time exceeds the uplink and downlink guard intervals of a time division duplex (TDD) system, the remote base station's downlink signal is received by the nearby base station in its receive slot. As a result, the nearby base station's uplink reception is interfered with, generating long-distance co-channel interference in a TDD system.

[0132] (2) Interference detection results

[0133] The interference detection result indicates external interference received by the base station. Optionally, the interference detection result is a result obtained by detecting atmospheric duct interference, and the interference detection result indicates interference caused to the base station by radio signals transmitted by adjacent base stations or remote base stations due to the effect of the atmospheric duct. The interference detection result includes at least one of interference strength information and / or interference direction information.

[0134] (3) Interference intensity information

[0135] The interference strength information indicates the strength of interference received by the base station. There are many data formats of the interference strength information. Optionally, the interference strength information is a received signal strength (RSS), a received signal strength indicator (RSSI), or an interference signal power, etc. Alternatively, the interference strength information is an interference strength level, or a quantized interference strength.

[0136] (4) Interference direction information

[0137] The interference direction information indicates the direction of the interference. Optionally, the interference direction information indicates the direction of the interference source. Alternatively, the interference direction information indicates the direction in which the interference strength is greater than a threshold. There are many specific data formats of the interference direction information. For example, the interference direction information is the included angle between the interference source and a reference direction (e.g., horizontal or true north). In another example, the interference direction information is an identifier of a spatial grid in which the interference source is located. The spatial grid corresponds to a quantized angle or angle interval. The spatial grid is obtained through a division of space centered on the antenna.

[0138] (5) Beam

[0139] A beam is a radio signal transmitted in a particular direction by an antenna array.

[0140] (6) Coverage

[0141] Coverage, also called coverage space, refers to the area from ground to sky from the direction of the antenna.

[0142] (7) Beamforming (BF)

[0143] In a traditional single-antenna communication mode, electromagnetic waves are transmitted from a single antenna to a single antenna between a base station and a mobile phone. The antenna's radiation direction is fixed without any physical adjustment. As a result, the number of users served at the same frequency and at the same time is limited. However, in beamforming technology, a base station has multiple antennas and can automatically adjust the phase of the transmission signal of each antenna, so that an effective superposition of electromagnetic waves is formed at the reception point of the mobile phone, generating a stronger signal gain to overcome the loss. This achieves the goal of improving received signal strength. For example, traditional single-antenna communication is like a light bulb that illuminates an entire room. However, beamforming is like a flashlight whose light can be intelligently focused on a target location, and the number of flashlights can be further determined based on the number of targets. In a communication system, the greater the number of antennas and the larger the scale, the more obvious the effects that beamforming can have. In the 5G era, as antenna arrays expand from one dimension to two dimensions, beamforming technology will evolve to three-dimensional (3D) beamforming, which allows the shape of the antenna's directivity pattern to be controlled in both the horizontal and vertical directions. 3D beamforming enables base stations to precisely direct signals to target users based on the users' different spatial distributions.

[0144] (8) Beamforming matrix

[0145] A beamforming matrix is ​​a parameter that assists an antenna array in generating a particular beam, including but not limited to a beam of a particular direction, a beam of a particular shape, or a beam with a particular power (or energy).

[0146] Optionally, the beamforming matrix is ​​a weight matrix, specifically, each element in the beamforming matrix is ​​a weight, which is used to perform vector multiplexing using radio signals received and / or transmitted by the antennas, which is called "antenna weighting".

[0147] In some other embodiments, the weight matrix is ​​replaced by another parameter used to implement beamforming, such as a steering vector, a precoding matrix in Long Term Evolution (LTE), and the signal amplitude and phase of an antenna port.

[0148] (9) Beamforming matrix index

[0149] The index of a beamforming matrix is ​​used to look up the corresponding beamforming matrix in a group of pre-stored beamforming matrices, and the form of the index includes, but is not limited to, a number, a name, etc.

[0150] (10) Cell

[0151] A cell is an area obtained by dividing the signal coverage area in a mobile network system. A cell may be hexagonal, square, circular or some other shape, and is usually a hexagonal cellular shape.

[0152] (11) Downtilt angle

[0153] The downtilt angle is the angle between the antenna and the horizontal.

[0154] (12) Variation in downtilt angle (i.e., Δ downtilt angle, also called delta downtilt angle)

[0155] The downtilt angle variation is the difference between the new value of the downtilt angle and the old value of the downtilt angle. For example, if the original value of the downtilt angle is 2° and the new value of the downtilt angle after the downtilt angle is adjusted is 3°, the downtilt angle variation is 1°.

[0156] (13) Stepping value

[0157] The stepping value, also called the step size, refers to the amplitude of each adjustment.

[0158] (14) Radio frame (also called system frame)

[0159] In mobile communications, data is transmitted in the form of frames within wireless networks. A radio frame corresponds to a data transmission period or time unit for data transmission. In 5G (the fifth generation) and LTE, one radio frame occupies 10 ms.

[0160] (15) Frame number

[0161] The frame number is the number of a wireless frame, and is information for identifying the wireless frame. For example, the frame number ranges from 0 to 1023 (1024 standard).

[0162] (16) Subframe

[0163] A subframe is a time unit smaller than a radio frame, and one radio frame includes multiple subframes. For example, in LTE, one radio frame includes 10 subframes, each of which is 1 millisecond (ms) long and has a duration equal to one transmission time interval (TTI). One subframe includes multiple slots.

[0164] (17) Subframe number

[0165] The subframe number is a subframe number that identifies a corresponding subframe within a radio frame. For example, in LTE, one radio frame includes 10 subframes, and the subframe numbers of the 10 subframes are numbered 0 to 9.

[0166] (18) Specified Sequence

[0167] The designated sequence is a sequence used for interference detection. The designated sequence is any sequence different from service data. For example, the designated sequence is a training sequence, a pseudorandom sequence, a preamble sequence, etc. For example, the designated sequence is an m-sequence, a GOLD sequence, or a ZC (Zadoff-Chu) sequence.

[0168] The basic procedure for performing interference detection based on the designated sequence is generally as follows: base station A and base station B pre-store the designated sequence; base station A transmits a wireless signal including the designated sequence; base station B performs an autocorrelation calculation and / or a cross-correlation calculation based on the received wireless signal and the locally stored designated sequence; and if the correlation result between the received wireless signal and the locally stored designated sequence is greater than a threshold, base station B determines that base station A causes interference to base station B. Optionally, when base station A transmits a wireless signal including the designated sequence, base station B also transmits a wireless signal including the designated sequence. Base station A detects whether base station B causes interference to base station A in a similar manner.

[0169] (19) Channel Calibration

[0170] Channel calibration is for tracking and compensating for channel delay and amplitude / phase characteristics so that the amplitude / phase characteristics of the transmission channel match those of the reference channel, reducing channel errors and meeting system accuracy requirements.

[0171] (20) Calibration sequence

[0172] The calibration sequence is used to calibrate the transmission channel of the radio frequency unit. Optionally, the calibration sequence is pre-stored in the baseband unit. For example, the calibration sequence is a training sequence or a reference signal sequence, e.g., a 2048-point Golay sequence. Alternatively, the calibration sequence is generated by the baseband unit based on a cell identity.

[0173] (21)Base station

[0174] A base station is a wireless communication site installed at a fixed location within a cellular mobile communication network. The main function of a base station is to provide radio coverage and support communications between terminals and the core network. Base stations include, but are not limited to, evolved NodeBs (eNBs or e-NodeBs) in LTE, or gNodeBs (gNBs) in 5G networks such as New Radio (NR). The physical structure of a base station mainly includes a baseband unit (BU) and a radio frequency unit (RU).

[0175] (22) Baseband unit

[0176] A BU is a module or device that has baseband signal processing functions and / or RU management functions. Baseband signal processing includes, for example, channel coding, multiplexing, modulation, spreading, carrier power limitation, and power limitation cancellation. For example, a BU can be a building baseband unit (BBU), a central unit (CU), or a distributed unit (DU).

[0177] (23) Radio frequency unit

[0178] An RU is a module or device that has intermediate frequency signals, radio frequency signals, or the ability to process intermediate frequency signals and radio frequency signals. For example, an RU is a remote radio unit (RRU) or an active antenna unit (AAU).

[0179] (24) Distributed base station (DBS)

[0180] A distributed base station refers to a base station in which the baseband unit and the radio frequency unit are deployed separately. The core concept of a distributed base station is to divide a traditional macro base station into two functional modules based on functions. The baseband, main control, transmission, and clock functions of the base station are integrated into the baseband unit (usually called BU or BBU) module. The baseband unit is small and can be installed flexibly. The intermediate and radio frequency functions, such as the transceiver and power amplifier, are integrated into a separate RF unit (usually called RU), and the radio frequency unit is installed on the antenna. The radio frequency unit and the baseband unit are connected through optical fiber to form a distributed base station.

[0181] (25)CU and DU

[0182] In a 5G network, the BBU evolves into two entities: a CU and a DU. The CU is mainly configured to handle non-real-time functions, such as processing upper layer protocol stacks, for example, packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer and radio resource control (RRC) layer. Optionally, the CU is further configured to handle some core network and edge application service functions. The DU is mainly configured to handle real-time functions within the BBU, such as media access control (MAC) layer and radio link control protocol (RLC) layer function modules.

[0183] (26)AAU

[0184] The RRU and the passive antenna are integrated to form an AAU, which is configured to implement functions of the RRU and the antenna, and optionally, is further configured to implement some physical layer functions in the BBU.

[0185] (27) Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI)

[0186] CPRI is an interface standard between a BBU and an RRU, replacing the traditional coaxial cable connection. The CPRI protocol provides specifications for the communication interface between a radio equipment control (REC) and a radio equipment (RE) in a cellular wireless network. A typical example of an REC is a BBU, and a typical example of an RE is an RRU. CPRI is an interface standard based on a direct cable connection, implements data multiplexing through TDM, and requires exclusive ownership of the transmission bandwidth. It defines three types of data streams: a user data stream, a control and management data stream, and a synchronization data stream. The user plane data stream is used to transmit a quantized IQ modulated (I is in-phase, and Q is quadrature) signal from the RRU antenna.

[0187] (28)eCPRI

[0188] eCPRI is an interface standard evolved from CPRI. The eCPRI protocol defines specifications for connecting eCPRI RECs (eRECs) and eCPRI REs (eREs) through a fronthaul network. A typical example of an eREC is a BBU, and a typical example of an eRE is an AAU or RRU. Unlike CPRI, eCPRI is a packet-based interface standard and does not specify the network implementation format. It can be implemented based on any network, such as Ethernet, Internet Protocol (IP), Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), User Datagram Protocol (UDP), and optical transport network (OTN). Based on the BBU-RRU partitioning mode defined by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), eCPRI proposes several partitioning modes for reference. Some or all physical layer functions are implemented by the RRU. In this way, the data transmitted between the BBU and the RRU is converted from the IQ signal on the antenna to a modulation symbol (IID), a coded bit sequence (ID), or even the original data bit (D). Compared with CPRI, eCPRI reduces the transmission bandwidth between the baseband unit and the radio frequency unit, helping to meet the bandwidth resource requirements of wide-bandwidth multi-antenna services such as massive multiple-input multiple-output (massive MIMO).

[0189] (29) Fronthaul Interface and Fronthaul Network

[0190] The fronthaul interface is a communication interface between a baseband unit and a radio frequency unit. The fronthaul interface includes, but is not limited to, CPRI or eCPRI. Of course, the fronthaul interface may be another interface evolved from CPRI or eCPRI. The fronthaul network is a network between the baseband unit and the radio frequency unit. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a fronthaul network in a distributed base station defined in the eCPRI protocol. As shown in FIG. 1, the fronthaul network is a network between an eREC (i.e., a baseband unit such as a BBU) and an eRE (i.e., a radio frequency unit such as an AAU or an RRU).

[0191] In the following, an example will be used to explain the architecture of the communication protocol on which the embodiments of the present application are based.

[0192] 1 is a diagram of an architecture of the eCPRI protocol according to one embodiment. Figure 1 shows the location of the eCPRI protocol within a protocol stack. As shown in Figure 1, the eCPRI protocol at the application layer and standard protocol stacks (such as the HTTP and FTP protocols) are at the same layer within the protocol stack.

[0193] The transport layer protocol at the bottom of the eCPRI protocol is optionally a TCP / IP protocol or an Ethernet MAC layer protocol. Specifically, in terms of packet format, the packet header encapsulated in the outer layer of the eCPRI message may be a UDP header or a TCP header, or the TCP / IP protocol stack may be skipped and a MAC Ethernet frame header is directly encapsulated in the outer layer of the eCPRI message.

[0194] The eCPRI protocol provides three types of interfaces: a user plane (abbreviated as U-plane, also called data plane) interface, a synchronization plane (abbreviated as S-plane) interface, and a control & management plane (abbreviated as C&M plane or C-plane) interface, as shown in Figure 1.

[0195] The user plane interface is configured to transmit service data, e.g., IQ data, between the base station and the user equipment, i.e., sampled data after orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) modulation. Optionally, the user plane interface is further configured to transmit real-time control data related to the service data.

[0196] The synchronization plane interface is configured to transmit synchronization and timing information for data between the BBU and the RRU.

[0197] The control and management plane interface is configured to transmit data obtained by the BBU, which performs operation administration and maintenance (OAM) for the RRU.

[0198] In the following, an example is used to illustrate the application scenario of the embodiments of the present application.

[0199] 2 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario according to an embodiment of the present application. The scenario shown in FIG. 2 includes a baseband unit 21, a radio frequency unit 22 and an antenna 23.

[0200] Optionally, referring to Fig. 1, the baseband unit 21 in Fig. 2 is the eREC in Fig. 1. The radio frequency unit 22 in Fig. 2 is the eRE in Fig. 1. In Fig. 2, both the fronthaul interface 211 of the baseband unit 21 and the fronthaul interface 221 of the radio frequency unit 22 are eCPRI. The fronthaul interface 211 of the baseband unit 21 and the fronthaul interface 221 of the radio frequency unit 22 in Fig. 2 include, but are not limited to, the U-plane interface, the S-plane interface or the control and management plane interface in Fig. 1.

[0201] The baseband unit 21 is configured to determine, based on the interference status received by the base station, whether to adjust the beam coverage direction of the base station and whether to transfer parameters related to the beam coverage direction (such as a downtilt angle and a beamforming matrix) to the radio frequency unit 22. Optionally, the baseband unit 21 is specifically configured to determine an adjustment opportunity, an adjustment amount, an adjustment duration, etc. of the beam coverage direction, and transfer the parameters related to the adjustment opportunity, the adjustment amount, and the adjustment duration to the radio frequency unit 22. Optionally, the baseband unit 21 is further configured to detect, based on an uplink signal received from the radio frequency unit 22, a situation in which the base station is interfered with by an adjacent base station or a remote base station.

[0202] The radio frequency unit 22 is configured to automatically adjust the beam coverage direction of the antenna 23 based on parameters related to the beam coverage direction received from the baseband unit 21 .

[0203] The antenna 23 is configured, under the control of the radio frequency unit 22, to form beam coverage in a specified direction.

[0204] 2, the baseband unit 21 transfers the downtilt angle to the radio frequency unit 22 through the fronthaul interface 211, and the radio frequency unit 22 sends a command to the antenna 23 based on the downtilt angle received from the fronthaul interface 221. The command includes the downtilt angle received from the baseband unit 21. The antenna 23 executes the command received from the radio frequency unit 22 and adjusts the downtilt angle to the downtilt angle included in the command, so that the beam coverage direction generated by the antenna 23 is adjusted to the direction specified by the baseband unit 21.

[0205] The baseband unit 21 and the radio frequency unit 22 are connected through a fronthaul network. The fronthaul network includes, but is not limited to, a wired network or a wireless network. The fronthaul network includes, but is not limited to, a TCP / IP network, an Ethernet network, or a private network. The hardware on which the fronthaul network is based during implementation includes, but is not limited to, optical fibers, feeders, switches, routers, etc.

[0206] The radio frequency unit 22 and the antenna 23 are connected through a feeder or optical fiber.

[0207] An example of the procedure of the method according to the embodiment of the present application will be described below.

[0208] 3 is a schematic flowchart of an interference avoidance method according to an embodiment of the present application. Interaction subjects of the method shown in FIG. 3 include a baseband unit and a radio frequency unit.

[0209] Optionally, referring to Fig. 1, the method shown in Fig. 3 is based on the architecture of the communication protocol shown in Fig. 1. The baseband unit in Fig. 3 is the eREC in Fig. 1. The radio frequency unit 22 in Fig. 3 is the eRE in Fig. 1. In the method shown in Fig. 3, messages between the radio frequency unit and the baseband unit are transmitted through the U-plane interface, the control and management plane interface or the S-plane interface in Fig. 1.

[0210] Optionally, referring to Figure 2, a network deployment scenario on which the method shown in Figure 3 is based is shown in Figure 2. The baseband unit in the method shown in Figure 3 is the baseband unit 21 in Figure 2, and the radio frequency unit 22 in the method shown in Figure 3 is the radio frequency unit 22 in Figure 2.

[0211] The method shown in FIG. 3 includes the following steps S301 to S305.

[0212] S301: The baseband unit obtains a first parameter based on an interference detection result.

[0213] For the concept of interference detection results, please refer to the explanation of terms and concepts (2) above. There are multiple methods for the baseband unit to obtain the interference detection results. Below, we will explain the implementations for obtaining the interference detection results by using examples and referring to Implementation 1 to Implementation 3.

[0214] Implementation 1: The baseband unit determines the interference detection result based on the uplink signal received by the radio frequency unit.

[0215] Implementation 1 is a blind detection method. In a possible implementation, the radio frequency unit transmits the received uplink signal to the baseband unit. After the baseband unit receives the uplink signal from the radio frequency unit, the baseband unit measures the interference received by the base station based on the uplink signal to obtain an interference detection result. For example, the baseband unit detects the strength of the uplink signal during a period when no service data is transmitted. If the strength of the uplink signal is significantly higher than the normal background noise strength and the uplink signal exhibits the characteristic of decreasing power over time, it is determined that the base station is being interfered with by an adjacent base station or a distant base station.

[0216] Implementation 2: The baseband unit determines the interference detection result based on the specified sequence.

[0217] In a possible implementation, the radio frequency unit of the base station transmits a radio signal including a specified sequence, the base band unit of the base station detects the signal at a specified location, and correlation and / or cross-correlation is performed on the signal at the specified location and in the specified sequence to obtain the interference status of the base station (i.e., the interference detection result).

[0218] Implementation 3: The baseband unit receives the interference detection result from the radio frequency unit.

[0219] In a possible implementation, after the radio frequency unit receives the uplink signal, the radio frequency unit measures the interference received by the base station based on the uplink signal to obtain an interference detection result, the radio frequency unit transmits the interference detection result to the baseband unit, and the baseband unit receives the interference detection result transmitted by the radio frequency unit.

[0220] The first parameter is a parameter related to a beam coverage direction. The type of the first parameter includes multiple cases. The following describes the type of the first parameter by using examples.

[0221] Optionally, the first parameter is a parameter in a spatial domain dimension, i.e., an antenna parameter. For example, the first parameter is a downtilt angle of an antenna. Alternatively, the first parameter is a beamforming matrix.

[0222] Alternatively, the first parameter is another parameter that may indicate an antenna angle other than the downtilt angle, for example, the elevation angle, azimuth angle, lobe angle and half-power angle of the antenna.

[0223] Alternatively, the first parameter is another parameter used to support beamforming other than a beamforming matrix, for example, a steering vector of an antenna port, a precoding matrix, or a signal amplitude and phase.

[0224] Alternatively, the first parameter is a parameter related to the radiated energy of the antenna, for example the transmission power or gain of the antenna.

[0225] The rules for selecting the two parameters, i.e., the manner for determining the type of the first parameter, include multiple specific implementations. The following describes the rules for selecting the downtilt angle and the beamforming matrix by using examples.

[0226] In a possible implementation, if the antenna is a large-scale antenna array, the beam coverage direction is adjusted by adjusting a beamforming matrix. If the antenna has a small scale, the beam coverage direction is adjusted by adjusting a downtilt angle. For example, the baseband unit stores hardware type information of the antenna. If the baseband unit determines based on an interference detection result that the beam coverage direction needs to be adjusted, the baseband unit determines whether the antenna is a large-scale antenna array based on the hardware type information. If the hardware type information indicates that the antenna is a large-scale antenna array, the baseband unit selects a beamforming matrix as the first parameter. If the hardware type information indicates that the antenna is not a large-scale antenna array, the baseband unit selects a downtilt angle as the first parameter. In this implementation, the beam coverage direction adjustment method can be flexibly determined based on different types of hardware. Optionally, the size of the antenna is defined based on whether massive MIMO technology is supported. For example, large scale antenna arrays may mean that the number of antennas reaches 16, 32, 64, 128 or more.

[0227] Optionally, the beam coverage direction corresponding to the first parameter avoids the interference direction. For example, the original beam coverage direction of the antenna is from floor k to floor m. The baseband unit determines through interference detection that the interference direction is from floor m, and determines the first parameter based on the interference detection result. The beam coverage direction corresponding to the first parameter is from floor k to floor (m-1). This beam coverage direction prevents interference signals in the direction of floor m from entering the base station, that is, avoids signals in the interference direction to avoid interfering with the base station.

[0228] How the baseband unit determines the first parameter includes multiple implementations. In the following, the manner of determining the first parameter will be described by taking examples and referring to Implementation I to Implementation IV.

[0229] Implementation I: The baseband unit determines the first parameter based on the parameter value used so far and the stepping value.

[0230] The downtilt angle is used as an example. For example, the downtilt angle 1 previously used by the baseband unit is X°, and the stepping value is k°. The baseband unit determines the downtilt angle 2 based on the downtilt angle 1 previously used and the stepping value. The value of the downtilt angle 2 is (Xk)°. The downtilt angle 2 is the first parameter.

[0231] The beamforming matrix is ​​used as an example. For example, the energy of the beam directed toward the interference direction of beamforming matrix 1 previously used by the baseband unit is m watts, and the stepping value is k watts. The baseband unit obtains beamforming matrix 2 based on the beamforming matrix 1 previously used and the stepping value. The energy of the beam directed toward the interference direction of beamforming matrix 2 is (mk) watts, and beamforming matrix 2 is the first parameter.

[0232] The stepping values ​​used by the baseband unit have multiple implementations. The following describes the implementation of the stepping values ​​by using examples with reference to Case I-1 and Case I-2.

[0233] Implementation I-1: The stepping value is related to the interference strength.

[0234] For example, there is a positive correlation between the stepping value and the interference intensity, that is, a larger interference intensity indicates a larger corresponding stepping value. In a possible implementation, the baseband unit stores a correspondence relationship between the interference intensity and the stepping value. After the baseband unit obtains the interference intensity information, the baseband unit selects a stepping value corresponding to the interference intensity information based on the pre-stored correspondence relationship. The correspondence relationship between the interference intensity and the stepping value is, for example, a mapping table or a mathematical function.

[0235] Implementation I-2: The stepping value is fixed.

[0236] In a possible implementation, the baseband unit stores a stepping value, and each time the beam coverage direction needs to be adjusted, the baseband unit determines the adjusted parameter based on the stored stepping value. Optionally, the stepping value is a parameter preset by a network administrator.

[0237] Implementation II: The baseband unit determines the first parameter based on the interference direction information.

[0238] Optionally, the energy of the beam in the beam coverage direction corresponding to the first parameter, directed toward the interference direction, is 0. In a possible implementation, the baseband unit uses the energy of the beam directed toward the interference direction being 0 as a constraint, and determines the first parameter based on the constraint by using an adaptive beamforming algorithm.

[0239] Optionally, the energy of the beam in the beam coverage direction corresponding to the first parameter toward the interference direction is smaller than the energy of the beam toward the interference direction in a past period. In other words, the energy of the beam in the beam coverage direction toward the interference direction corresponding to the first parameter is smaller than the energy of the beam toward the interference direction corresponding to a beam matrix used so far. In a possible implementation, the baseband unit uses as a constraint that the energy of the beam toward the interference direction is smaller than the energy of the beam toward the interference direction in a past period, and determines the first parameter based on the constraint by using an adaptive beamforming algorithm.

[0240] Implementation III: The baseband unit determines the first parameter in a trial and convergence manner.

[0241] The downtilt angle is used as an example. The baseband unit stores an adjustment range of the downtilt angle, and the baseband unit tries to adjust the beam coverage direction by using each downtilt angle in the adjustment range in turn until the downtilt angle reaches a preset matrix downtilt angle or the interference strength becomes smaller than a threshold.

[0242] Implementation IV: The baseband unit receives a first parameter from a designated network element other than a base station.

[0243] In a possible implementation, the baseband unit transmits the interference detection result to a designated network element other than the base station. The designated network element includes, but is not limited to, a network management device, a control plane device, a terminal, a core network, etc. The designated network element determines a first parameter based on the interference detection result and transmits the first parameter to the baseband unit. The baseband unit receives the first parameter from the designated network element.

[0244] S302: The baseband unit generates a first message based on a first parameter.

[0245] The first message instructs the radio frequency unit to adjust the beam coverage direction based on a first parameter.

[0246] Optionally, the first message is a fronthaul interface message. The interface protocol type on which the first message is based includes multiple implementations. For example, the first message is a CPRI message. In another example, the first message is an eCPRI message. Alternatively, the first message is a message specified in another protocol of the fronthaul interface other than CPRI and eCPRI. For example, the first message is a message defined in a protocol of a next-generation interface evolved from eCPRI.

[0247] The content of the first message includes multiple implementations. The following describes the content that may be included in the first message by using examples with reference to three aspects.

[0248] First aspect: When to adjust the beam coverage direction

[0249] For example, the first message includes first time information, which indicates a time when the first parameter starts to take effect. Adjustment of a downtilt angle is used as an example. The first time information indicates a time when the radio frequency unit uses a new downtilt angle (first parameter) or a time when the downtilt angle of the antenna is adjusted to a new downtilt angle (first parameter).

[0250] The specific form of the first time information includes multiple implementations. Hereinafter, possible implementations of the first time information will be described by using examples with reference to Implementation 1 to Implementation 3.

[0251] Implementation 1: The first time information includes a frame number and / or a subframe number at which the first parameter begins to take effect.

[0252] For example, the first message includes a frame number m and a subframe number n, and the first message instructs the radio frequency unit to adjust the beam coverage direction based on the first parameter when the subframe number is n in a radio frame whose frame number is m, where m and n are positive integers greater than or equal to 0.

[0253] In another example, the first message includes a frame number m, and the first message instructs the radio frequency unit to adjust the beam coverage direction based on a first parameter in a specified subframe (e.g., the first subframe, the last subframe, or another default subframe) in the radio frame having frame number m.

[0254] In another example, the first message includes a subframe number n, and the first message instructs the radio frequency unit to adjust the beam coverage direction based on the first parameter when the subframe number in the current radio frame is n.

[0255] Implementation 2: The frame number and subframe number in Implementation 1 are replaced with other information that can identify a specified period within a radio frame, such as a time unit number with finer granularity than a subframe, such as a slot number, a subslot number, or a mini-slot number, so that the beam coverage direction can be adjusted more precisely.

[0256] Implementation 3: The frame number and subframe number in Implementation 1 are replaced with the timestamp when the first parameter becomes effective. For example, the format of the first time information is **year**month**day**minute**second.

[0257] Second aspect: Effective duration of adjusted beam coverage direction

[0258] For example, the first message includes first duration information, and the first duration information indicates a continuous valid duration of the first parameter.

[0259] The specific form of the first duration information includes multiple implementations. Hereinafter, possible implementations of the first duration information will be described by using examples with reference to Implementation 1 to Implementation 3.

[0260] Implementation 1: The first duration information includes the number of consecutive valid TTIs of the first parameter, the number of consecutive valid slots of the first parameter, or the number of consecutive valid radio frames of the first parameter.

[0261] The beamforming matrix is ​​used as an example. For example, the first duration information includes the number m of TTIs (first duration information) and the index of the beamforming matrix k, where the first duration information indicates that the beamforming matrix k of the radio frequency unit is continuously effective for m TTIs, and m and k are positive integers greater than or equal to 0.

[0262] Alternatively, the number of TTIs, number of slots, number of radio frames, etc. in implementation 1 may be replaced with other time units related to data transmission in wireless communication, such as the number of subslots, the number of half slots, and the number of minislots.

[0263] Implementation 2: The first duration information includes the number of consecutive valid seconds, minutes, hours or milliseconds of the first parameter.

[0264] The beamforming matrix is ​​used as an example. For example, the first duration information includes m minutes (first duration information) and an index of the beamforming matrix k, where the first duration information indicates that the beamforming matrix k of the radio frequency unit is continuously effective for m minutes, and m and k are positive integers greater than or equal to 0.

[0265] Implementation 3: The first duration information indicates the time point at which the valid state of the first parameter ends.

[0266] For example, the first duration information may be a frame number, a subframe number, a slot number, or a subslot number at which the valid state of the first parameter ends. In another example, the first duration information may be a timestamp at which the valid state of the first parameter ends.

[0267] In an exemplary embodiment, the first message generated by the baseband unit includes two types of information indicating time. One type of information indicating time (i.e., first time information) indicates that the time when the first parameter starts to be effective is time point 1, and the other type of information indicating time (i.e., first duration information) indicates that the time when the effective state of the first parameter ends is time point 2. After receiving the first message, the radio frequency unit starts adjusting the beam coverage direction based on the first parameter at time point 1 to perform the time adjustment, and stops adjusting the beam coverage direction based on the first parameter when time point 2 is reached.

[0268] Third aspect: Parameter values ​​corresponding to the adjusted beam coverage direction

[0269] The format of the adjusted downtilt angle value includes multiple implementations. In the following, possible formats of the adjusted downtilt angle value are described by using examples with reference to Case 1 and Case 2.

[0270] Case 1: Downtilt angle adjustment

[0271] Specific implementations of Case 1 include, but are not limited to, Implementations A to C below.

[0272] Implementation A: The first message contains the adjusted downtilt angle value.

[0273] For example, the first message may include m°, and the first message may instruct the radio frequency unit to adjust the downtilt angle of the antenna to m°.

[0274] Implementation B: The first message includes the variation between the downtilt angle after the adjustment and the downtilt angle before the adjustment.

[0275] For example, the original downtilt angle of the antenna is k°, the first message contains m°, and the first message instructs the radio frequency unit to adjust the downtilt angle of the antenna to (km)°.

[0276] Implementation C: The first message contains the index of the adjusted downtilt angle.

[0277] For example, the baseband unit divides the value range of the downtilt angle into multiple intervals and quantizes the downtilt angle by assigning a corresponding index to the downtilt angle in each interval, and then the index of the adjusted downtilt angle is included in the first message.

[0278] Case 2: Adjusting the beamforming matrix

[0279] Specific implementations of Case 2 include, but are not limited to, Implementations A to C below.

[0280] Implementation A: The first message contains the adjusted beamforming matrix values.

[0281] For example, the first message includes the weights for each row and column in the adjusted beamforming matrix.

[0282] Implementation B: The first message includes the index of the adjusted beamforming matrix.

[0283] Implementation C: The first message includes a value of each sub-matrix in the adjusted beamforming matrix, or the first message includes an index of each sub-matrix in the adjusted beamforming matrix.

[0284] S303: The baseband unit sends a first message to the radio frequency unit.

[0285] In some embodiments, the baseband unit transfers the parameters related to the beam coverage direction to the radio frequency unit over a fronthaul interface, i.e., the baseband unit transmits the first message over the fronthaul interface, e.g., the radio frequency unit transmits the first message over a CPRI interface or an eCPRI interface.

[0286] The fact that the fronthaul interface is selected by the baseband unit to transfer parameters related to the beam coverage direction includes several specific implementations. In the following, possible implementations for transferring parameters related to the beam coverage direction will be described by using examples with reference to Implementation 1 and Implementation 2.

[0287] Implementation 1: The baseband unit transfers parameters related to the beam coverage direction through the control plane interface.

[0288] For example, the type of the first message is a control plane message, and the baseband unit sends the first message to the radio frequency unit through a control plane interface.

[0289] Implementation 2: The baseband unit transfers parameters related to the beam coverage direction through the data plane interface.

[0290] For example, the type of the first message is a data plane message, and the baseband unit transmits the first message to the radio frequency unit through the data plane interface.

[0291] Optionally, the baseband unit transfers the parameters related to the beam coverage direction in advance. In this specification, advance means that the time when the baseband unit transmits the parameters related to the beam coverage direction is earlier than the time when the parameters start to become effective. In a possible implementation of advance transmission, the baseband unit determines the time when to transmit the parameters related to the beam coverage direction based on an expected effective time. For example, when transmitting a first message including first time information, the baseband unit determines the transmission time of the first message based on the time indicated by the first time information. The transmission time of the first message is earlier than the time indicated by the first time information.

[0292] The specific manner in which the baseband unit determines when to transfer the parameters related to the beam coverage direction includes multiple implementations. In the following, an example is used for explanation with reference to FIG. 4.

[0293] In some embodiments, the baseband unit determines the time for transferring the parameters based on the message processing duration of the radio frequency unit, the transmission delay of the fronthaul interface, and the expected validity point of the parameters.

[0294] The message processing duration of the radio frequency unit is the duration for the radio frequency unit to analyze and process a message received from the baseband unit. For example, the value range of the message processing duration of the radio frequency unit is from 1 millisecond to 10 milliseconds.

[0295] How the baseband unit acquires the message processing duration of the radio frequency unit includes multiple implementations. Optionally, the baseband unit stores the message processing duration of the radio frequency unit in advance. For example, the baseband unit stores attribute information of the radio frequency unit. The attribute information of the radio frequency unit is, for example, from a configuration file. The baseband unit acquires the message processing duration of the radio frequency unit from the attribute information of the radio frequency unit. Alternatively, the baseband unit sends an information acquisition request to the radio frequency unit, and the radio frequency unit transmits the message processing duration to the baseband unit in response to the information acquisition request, and the baseband unit receives the message processing duration of the radio frequency unit from the radio frequency unit.

[0296] The transmission delay of the fronthaul interface refers to the time difference between the time when the baseband unit transmits a message and the time when the message arrives at the radio frequency unit. For example, the transmission delay of the control plane interface may reach the millisecond level or a second level. The transmission delay of the data plane may be at the millisecond level or within the 1 millisecond time range.

[0297] The manner in which the baseband unit obtains the transmission delay of the fronthaul interface includes multiple implementations. Optionally, the baseband unit pre-stores the transmission delay of the fronthaul interface. Alternatively, the baseband unit automatically measures the transmission delay of the fronthaul interface. For example, the baseband unit transmits a test message through the fronthaul interface, the radio frequency unit records the reception time of the test message and notifies the radio frequency unit of the reception time, and the radio frequency unit calculates the transmission delay based on the transmission time and reception time of the test message.

[0298] In an exemplary embodiment, if a control plane interface is used to transfer the parameters, the baseband unit determines the time of transfer of the parameters based on the duration of the radio frequency unit processing the control plane message and the transmission delay of the control plane interface. If the parameters are transferred through a data plane interface, the baseband unit determines the time of transfer of the parameters based on the duration of the radio frequency unit processing the data plane message and the transmission delay of the data plane interface.

[0299] 4 is a schematic diagram of determining the time of parameter transfer according to one embodiment. In FIG. 4, t0 is an example of the transmission time of the first message (the time of parameter transfer), Δt1 is an example of the message processing duration of the radio frequency unit, t3 is an example of the expected valid time of the parameter (the time indicated by the first time information), and Δt2 is an example of the transmission delay of the fronthaul interface. As shown in FIG. 4, the time interval between the transmission time of the first message and the time indicated by the first time information is greater than or equal to the sum of the message processing duration of the radio frequency unit and the transmission delay of the fronthaul interface.

[0300] The effects achieved by the above implementation include, but are not limited to, the following: Considering that a certain time needs to be consumed to process a message inside the radio frequency unit and a certain time needs to be consumed when a message is transmitted between the paths of the radio frequency unit and the baseband unit, the baseband unit determines the time of parameter transfer in the above implementation, which is equivalent to reserving time in advance for the radio frequency unit's subsequent message processing process and message transmission process. This ensures that the radio frequency unit has enough time to adjust the beam coverage direction and avoids the radio frequency unit being unable to perform the adjustment in time.

[0301] S304: The radio frequency unit receives a first message from the baseband unit.

[0302] S305: The radio frequency unit adjusts the beam coverage direction based on the first message and the first parameter.

[0303] Optionally, the process of the radio frequency unit obtaining the first parameter includes: the radio frequency unit parsing the first message based on a protocol stack of the fronthaul interface (e.g., an eCPRI protocol stack or a CPRI protocol stack); and the radio frequency unit obtaining the first parameter from a message body (or a payload field) of the first message.

[0304] In some embodiments, the radio frequency unit automatically adjusts the beam coverage direction based on the first message without relying on a manual configuration operation. How the radio frequency unit automatically adjusts the beam coverage direction includes multiple specific implementations. The following describes possible implementations for automatically adjusting the beam coverage direction by using examples with reference to Implementation 1 and Implementation 3.

[0305] Implementation 1: The radio frequency unit automatically adjusts the beam coverage direction to the direction indicated by the baseband unit.

[0306] With reference to Implementation 1-1 and Implementation 1-2, the following describes the downtilt angle case and the beamforming matrix case separately.

[0307] In a possible implementation, if the baseband unit detects that interference is present, the baseband unit instructs the radio frequency unit to decrease the downtilt angle, and if the baseband unit detects that the interference has disappeared, the baseband unit instructs the radio frequency unit to increase the downtilt angle.

[0308] In an exemplary embodiment, the radio frequency unit determines a value of the downtilt angle indicated by the baseband unit based on the first message. The radio frequency unit generates an adjustment command based on the value of the downtilt angle indicated by the baseband unit and transmits the adjustment command to the antenna. The adjustment command includes the value of the downtilt angle indicated by the baseband unit. In response to the adjustment command from the radio frequency unit, the antenna adjusts the downtilt angle to the value of the downtilt angle indicated by the baseband unit. If the interference detection result indicates that interference exists, the value of the downtilt angle in the first message is greater than the original value of the downtilt angle. If the interference detection result indicates that the interference has disappeared, the value of the downtilt angle in the first message is less than the original value of the downtilt angle.

[0309] How the radio frequency unit determines the value of the downtilt angle indicated by the baseband unit includes multiple implementations. In one possible implementation, the first message includes the value of the downtilt angle indicated by the baseband unit, and the radio frequency unit analyzes the first message to obtain the value of the downtilt angle included in the first message. In another possible implementation, the first message includes a variation of the downtilt angle, and the radio frequency unit analyzes the first message to obtain the variation of the downtilt angle included in the first message, and the radio frequency unit performs subtraction or addition on the current value of the downtilt angle and the variation included in the first message to obtain the value of the downtilt angle.

[0310] In the above implementation 1-1, the downtilt angle is reduced when interference exists to prevent signals in the interference direction from entering the base station, thereby avoiding the interference.

[0311] Implementation 1-2: The radio frequency unit updates the beamforming matrix to the beamforming matrix indicated by the baseband unit.

[0312] In an exemplary embodiment, the radio frequency unit determines the value of the beamforming matrix indicated by the baseband unit based on the first message, updates the value of the beamforming matrix of the antenna to the value of the beamforming matrix indicated by the baseband unit, and receives and / or transmits data using the updated beamforming matrix.

[0313] How the radio frequency unit determines the value of the beamforming matrix indicated by the baseband unit includes multiple implementations. In one possible implementation, the first message includes the value of the beamforming matrix indicated by the baseband unit, and the radio frequency unit parses the first message to obtain the value of the beamforming matrix included in the first message. In another possible implementation, the first message includes an index of the adjusted beamforming matrix, and the radio frequency unit parses the first message to obtain the index of the beamforming matrix included in the first message. The radio frequency unit queries the value of the beamforming matrix corresponding to the index from the correspondence between the stored value of the beamforming matrix and the index of the beamforming matrix.

[0314] In an exemplary embodiment, after the baseband unit updates the value of the beamforming matrix to the value of the beamforming matrix indicated by the baseband unit, the energy of the beam transmitted and / or received by the antenna, directed toward the interference direction, is 0. A possible implementation using a beamforming matrix is ​​as follows: after the antenna receives a signal, the radio frequency unit first performs a multiplication operation on the adjusted beamforming matrix and the received signal, and then performs multiplexing on this matrix before performing further signal processing based on the obtained signal. Since the energy of the beam directed toward the interference direction is 0, this corresponds to the signal strength in the interference direction being 0. There is no signal strength, and naturally, there is no interference. This allows the interference direction to be avoided.

[0315] In an exemplary embodiment, after the baseband unit updates the value of the beamforming matrix to the value of the beamforming matrix indicated by the baseband unit, the energy of the beam transmitted and / or received by the antenna, directed toward the interference direction, is smaller than the energy of the beam directed toward the interference direction in the past period. A possible implementation using a beamforming matrix is ​​as follows: after the antenna receives a signal, the radio frequency unit first performs a multiplication operation on the adjusted beamforming matrix and the received signal, and then performs multiplexing on this matrix before performing further signal processing based on the obtained signal. Since the energy of the beam directed toward the interference direction is smaller than the energy of the beam directed toward the interference direction in the past period, this corresponds to a reduction in the signal strength in the interference direction. This reduces the impact of interference to a certain extent, ensuring that service data can still be received and transmitted in the interference direction.

[0316] Implementation 2: The radio frequency unit automatically initiates adjustment of the beam coverage direction at the time indicated by the baseband unit.

[0317] In an exemplary embodiment, the radio frequency unit obtains first time information from the first message, determines an effective time point of the first parameter indicated by the baseband unit based on the first time information, and adjusts the beam coverage direction to the direction indicated by the baseband unit when the time reaches the effective time point indicated by the baseband unit.

[0318] Implementation 3: When the effective duration indicated by the baseband unit ends, the radio frequency unit automatically adjusts the beam coverage direction back to the original direction.

[0319] In an exemplary embodiment, the radio frequency unit obtains first duration information from the first message, determines an effective duration of the first parameter indicated by the baseband unit based on the first duration information, and adjusts the beam coverage direction to return to the beam coverage direction before the first parameter became effective when the actual effective duration of the first parameter reaches the effective duration indicated by the baseband unit.

[0320] According to the method provided in this embodiment, parameters related to the beam coverage direction are dynamically transferred between the baseband unit and the radio frequency unit based on the interference detection result, thereby avoiding interference in the spatial domain dimension. Since the spatial domain resources of the radio air interface are fully utilized to avoid interference without sacrificing the time domain and frequency domain resources of the radio air interface, the impact of interference avoidance on service performance is mitigated and the service performance of the base station is improved. In addition, the radio frequency unit is supported in automatically adjusting the beam coverage direction. Therefore, the problems of excessively long delay, low efficiency, and possible performance loss in the solution of manually adjusting the coverage direction are resolved to some extent, and the coverage direction can be adjusted more quickly and efficiently.

[0321] The method shown in FIG. 3 is optionally applied to a scenario of avoiding atmospheric duct interference.

[0322] In an exemplary embodiment, the procedure for adjusting the beam coverage direction is triggered by the effect of atmospheric duct interference. In a possible implementation, the beam coverage direction adjustment procedure is entered when the presence of atmospheric duct interference is detected. For example, in response to an interference detection result indicating that atmospheric duct interference is present, the baseband unit generates a first message based on a first parameter. In a possible implementation, the beam coverage direction adjustment procedure is entered when the disappearance of the atmospheric duct interference is detected. For example, in response to an interference detection result indicating that the disappearance of the atmospheric duct interference, the baseband unit generates a first message based on the first parameter. In a possible implementation, the beam coverage direction adjustment procedure is entered when a decrease in intensity of the atmospheric duct interference is detected. For example, in response to an interference detection result indicating that the intensity of the atmospheric duct interference is decreasing, the baseband unit generates a first message based on the first parameter. In a possible implementation, the beam coverage direction adjustment procedure is entered when a change in the direction of the intensity of the atmospheric duct interference is detected. For example, in response to the interference detection result indicating that the direction of the atmospheric duct interference is changing, the baseband unit generates a first message based on a first parameter.

[0323] In an exemplary embodiment, the interference detection is specifically detection of atmospheric duct interference. For example, the baseband unit takes into account characteristics related to atmospheric duct interference when performing interference detection. For example, based on performing interference detection by using the uplink signal, the baseband unit further performs interference detection by using weather information of the current geographical location at the current time and / or known characteristics of the cell interfered by the atmospheric duct, and by combining the uplink signal, the weather information, and the known characteristics of the cell interfered by the atmospheric duct.

[0324] In some embodiments of the present application, automatic return to the beam coverage direction is supported, that is, the beam coverage direction is restored to the original beam coverage direction before adjustment. How to return the beam coverage direction includes multiple implementations. The following describes the procedure for returning to the beam coverage direction by using an example with reference to Scenario 1 and Scenario 2.

[0325] Scenario 1: When the radio frequency unit transmits a specified sequence used for interference detection, the baseband unit instructs the radio frequency unit to restore the beam coverage direction to the original beam coverage direction.

[0326] In an exemplary embodiment, the baseband unit generates a second message. The baseband unit transmits the second message to the radio frequency unit. The radio frequency unit receives the second message from the baseband unit. The radio frequency unit adjusts a beam coverage direction at a specified time and transmits a specified sequence based on the second parameter and the second message.

[0327] The second message instructs the radio frequency unit to adjust the beam coverage direction at the specified time based on the second parameter.

[0328] The designated time is the time at which the radio frequency unit transmits the designated sequence, for example, at a particular point in time in a particular radio subframe within a particular radio frame.

[0329] The second parameter is a parameter related to a beam coverage direction, and differs from the first parameter in that the beam coverage direction corresponding to the second parameter is different from the beam coverage direction corresponding to the first parameter. Optionally, the second parameter is an original parameter used before the first parameter is enabled, and the beam coverage direction corresponding to the second parameter is an original beam coverage direction before the first parameter is enabled.

[0330] For example, the original downtilt angle of the antenna is k°. If interference is detected, the downtilt angle is adjusted from k° to m°. If a designated sequence for detecting interference needs to be transmitted, the downtilt angle is adjusted from m° back to k°. In this example, the first parameter is downtilt angle m° and the second parameter is downtilt angle k°.

[0331] Optionally, the second parameter includes a downtilt angle, and the second message includes a value of the downtilt angle or a variation of the downtilt angle.

[0332] Optionally, the second parameter includes a beamforming matrix, and the second message includes a value of the beamforming matrix or an index of the beamforming matrix.

[0333] Optionally, the second message includes second time information, where the second time information indicates a time point at which the second parameter starts to take effect, for example, the second time information includes a frame number and / or a subframe number at which the second parameter starts to take effect.

[0334] Optionally, the second message includes second duration information, the second duration information indicating a continuing valid duration of the second parameter.

[0335] Optionally, the second message is a CPRI message or an eCPRI message.

[0336] According to the method provided in this embodiment, taking into consideration that interference signals may not be continuously received after the beam coverage direction is adjusted, when the specified sequence is transmitted, the original beam coverage direction is restored, which helps the baseband unit to continuously perform interference detection based on the specified sequence.

[0337] The foregoing description focuses on the differences between the second message and the first message and the differences between the second parameter and the first parameter. Cross-references may be made to the same or similar features of the second message and the first message, and cross-references may be made to the same or similar features of the second parameter and the first parameter.

[0338] Scenario 2: When the strength of the interference received by the base station decreases or the interference direction changes, the baseband unit instructs the radio frequency unit to restore the beam coverage direction to the original beam coverage direction.

[0339] The communication procedure between the baseband unit and the radio frequency unit in scenario 2 is similar to that in the method shown in Figure 3. The difference is that the value of the first parameter in the method shown in Figure 3 is replaced from the value of the interference avoidance direction with the parameter value used so far, so that the beam coverage direction is restored to the original beam coverage direction.

[0340] Optionally, if the specified time and the transmission time of the calibration sequence are within the same period, the baseband unit generates a third message. The third message instructs the radio frequency unit to stop transmitting the calibration sequence. The baseband unit transmits the third message to the radio frequency unit. The radio frequency unit receives the third message and stops transmitting the calibration sequence based on the third message.

[0341] The designated time and the transmission time of the calibration sequence are within the same period, for example, the designated sequence and the calibration sequence are transmitted by using the same radio frame.

[0342] Considering that the designated sequence used for interference detection and the calibration sequence used for channel calibration may conflict in the time domain, for example, the designated sequence and the calibration sequence are transmitted using the same radio frame, it is difficult for the receiving end to accurately receive the designated sequence and the calibration sequence. In the above implementation, in order to improve the success rate of transmission of the designated sequence and the calibration sequence, it is necessary to alternate the transmission time of the designated sequence and the transmission time of the calibration sequence.

[0343] Optionally, the baseband unit further instructs the radio frequency unit to retransmit the calibration sequence after an effective time of a parameter of the beam coverage direction corresponding to the specified sequence has expired. For example, the third message further instructs the radio frequency unit to retransmit the calibration sequence after an effective time of the second parameter has expired. After the radio frequency unit receives the third message, the radio frequency unit retransmits the calibration sequence based on the third message after an effective time of the second parameter has expired.

[0344] Optionally, the baseband unit indicates a time point for transmitting the calibration sequence. For example, the third message includes third time information, and the third time information indicates a time point for transmitting the calibration sequence. After the radio frequency unit receives the third message, the radio frequency unit transmits the calibration sequence at the time point indicated by the third time information.

[0345] Optionally, the third message includes an enablement identifier, and the enablement identifier is used to identify transmission of the calibration sequence or end of transmission of the calibration sequence. After the radio frequency unit receives the third message, the radio frequency unit obtains the enablement identifier from the third message. If the enablement identifier is used to identify transmission of the calibration sequence, the radio frequency unit transmits the calibration sequence. If the enablement identifier is used to identify stop of transmission of the calibration sequence, the radio frequency unit stops transmitting the calibration sequence.

[0346] With reference to a particular application scenario and some specific examples, the following describes an embodiment of the aforementioned method by using an example.

[0347] In the following specific examples, the BBU is the baseband unit in the method shown in Figure 3. The RRU or AAU is the radio frequency unit in the method shown in Figure 3. The downtilt angle / beam coverage matrix is ​​the first parameter in the method shown in Figure 3.

[0348] The following specific example applies to a scenario to avoid atmospheric duct interference. It is a common phenomenon that atmospheric ducting causes long-range inter-cell interference in TDD systems. In addition, the occurrence date, time of occurrence, and duration of inter-cell interference are uncertain along with weather changes.

[0349] When the cell coverage direction or downtilt angle is adjusted, only mutual interference between local cells is considered, which is determined during initial field deployment. Alternatively, if cell performance is poor for an extended period of time after field deployment, the downtilt angle is manually reconfigured to improve cell performance. If a cell experiences atmospheric duct interference, performance will be significantly degraded, which will significantly affect user experience.

[0350] Considering this, the following example provides a method for quickly and automatically adjusting the coverage direction of a cell in real time. In this method, the BBU initiates a decision regarding adjustment of the downtilt angle / beam coverage direction based on the monitored remote interference status. The BBU adjusts the downtilt angle or beam coverage direction of the cell based on this decision. To meet the special requirements of some signals, this method supports quickly returning the downtilt angle or beam coverage direction and readjusting the downtilt angle or beam coverage direction. The BBU determines the adjustment time and adjustment amount based on the requirements of the service signal and transmits the adjustment time and adjustment amount to the RRU in real time for quick adjustment.

[0351] The BBU is configured to perform the following steps (1) to (6):

[0352] In step (1), the BBU performs uplink interface measurement based on the uplink signal received from the RRU. If it is detected that the base station is interfered with by an adjacent base station or a remote base station in an uplink slot, the BBU enters into a downtilt angle or beam coverage direction adjustment procedure, which decreases or increases the downtilt angle or adjusts the beam coverage direction.

[0353] Methods for determining the downtilt angle or beam coverage direction include the following methods (1.1) and (1.2).

[0354] Method (1.1): Incremental approach (step-by-step method)

[0355] Method (1.2): The BBU adjusts the downtilt angle / beam coverage direction based on the interference direction obtained through uplink measurements (interference strength is measured in each beam direction based on beamforming) to avoid the interference direction.

[0356] In step (2), the BBU adjusts the downtilt angle or beam coverage direction of the downlink slot and the uplink slot through the fronthaul interface. The related information elements include the valid frame number, the subframe number, the delta downtilt angle value or the downtilt angle value, and the beamforming matrix or the index of a specific beamforming matrix.

[0357] In step (3), to ensure continuous interference detection, the BBU instructs the RRU through the fronthaul interface to transmit a specified special sequence at a specific position of a specific radio frame number and subframe number, and instructs the RRU to use the original downtilt angle at this time and the continuous effective duration of the downtilt angle.

[0358] The associated information elements include a valid frame number, a subframe number, a delta downtilt angle value or a downtilt angle value, a beamforming matrix or index of a specific beamforming matrix and a valid duration.

[0359] Step (3) may be replaced by step (3.1).

[0360] Alternatively, in step (3.1), the BBU may instruct the RRU to use only the latest downtilt angle, and compared with the information element in step (3), the information element in step (3.1) does not include a validity duration.

[0361] In step (4), if a channel calibration sequence is also transmitted within the radio frame, the BBU instructs the RRU to stop transmitting the channel calibration sequence in real time through the fronthaul interface. After the valid time point of the downtilt angle of the special sequence ends, the BBU transmits the calibration sequence. Related information elements include the frame number, subframe number, and the calibration sequence of the enable / disable transmission.

[0362] Step (4) may be replaced by step (4.1).

[0363] Step (4.1) corresponds to step (3.1), and the BBUs may alternatively indicate individually the time points for transmitting the calibration sequence.

[0364] Step (5) corresponds to step (3.1). After the special sequence is transmitted, the BBU instructs the RRU to use the new downtilt angle. The related information elements are the same as those in step (3).

[0365] In step (6), the BBU continuously monitors interference to the base station based on the uplink signal and the special sequence. If the interference decreases or the interference direction changes, the BBU instructs the AAU to gradually adjust the downtilt angle or beam coverage direction until the original coverage direction is restored.

[0366] If the interference is still strong, the BBU continues to reduce the downtilt angle or beam coverage direction until the downtilt angle is adjusted to the pre-set maximum value (basic coverage of the cell must be guaranteed). The relevant information elements are the same as in step (2).

[0367] The transmission of the aforementioned various information elements within the fronthaul network includes, but is not limited to, the following implementation 1 and implementation 2.

[0368] Implementation 1: Through the data plane interface, the BBU transfers the downtilt angle, beam coverage direction, effective frame number, subframe number, and effective duration to the RRU with TTI-level granularity. To ensure that the RRU has time for adjustment, the BBU notifies the RRU xx milliseconds in advance.

[0369] Implementation 2: Through the control plane interface, the BBU forwards the corresponding information element to the RRU before the effective time. Compared with that in the data plane interface, the BBU notifies the RRU in advance by xx milliseconds plus the transmission duration of the control plane interface.

[0370] The RRU adjusts the downtilt angle or beam coverage direction in the corresponding frame number and subframe number based on the indication of the BBU and the specified effective duration.

[0371] Example 1

[0372] For the type of RRU that does not support 3D beamforming, the BBU performs the following steps:

[0373] In step (1), the BBU performs uplink interface measurement based on the uplink signal received from the RRU. If it is detected that the base station is interfered with by an adjacent base station or a remote base station in an uplink slot, the BBU enters into a downtilt angle adjustment procedure to decrease or increase the downtilt angle.

[0374] The downtilt angle may be determined in steps, i.e., in a progressive approach.

[0375] In step (2), the BBU adjusts the downtilt angles of the downlink slots and the uplink slots through the fronthaul interface, and the related information elements include a valid frame number, a subframe number, a delta downtilt angle value, or a downtilt angle value.

[0376] In step (3), to ensure continuous interference detection, the BBU instructs the RRU through the fronthaul interface to transmit a specified special sequence at a specific position of a specific radio frame number and subframe number, and instructs the RRU to use the original downtilt angle at this time and the continuous effective duration of the downtilt angle.

[0377] The associated information elements include a valid frame number, a subframe number, a delta downtilt angle value or a downtilt angle value and a valid duration.

[0378] Step (3) may be replaced by step (3.1).

[0379] Alternatively, in step (3.1), the BBU may instruct the RRU to use only the latest downtilt angle, and compared with the information element in step (3), the information element in step (3.1) does not include a validity duration.

[0380] In step (4), if a channel calibration sequence is also transmitted within the radio frame, the BBU instructs the RRU to stop transmitting the channel calibration sequence in real time through the fronthaul interface. After the valid time point of the downtilt angle of the special sequence ends, the BBU transmits the calibration sequence. Related information elements include the frame number, subframe number, and the calibration sequence of the enable / disable transmission.

[0381] Step (4) may be replaced by step (4.1).

[0382] Step (4.1) corresponds to step (3.1), and the BBUs may alternatively indicate individually the time points for transmitting the calibration sequence.

[0383] Step (5) corresponds to step (3.1). After the special sequence is transmitted, the BBU instructs the RRU to use the new downtilt angle. The related information elements are the same as those in step (3.1).

[0384] In step (6), the BBU continuously monitors the interference to the base station based on the uplink signal and the special sequence. If the interference decreases or the interference direction changes, the BBU instructs the AAU to gradually adjust the downtilt angle until the downtilt angle is restored to its original value.

[0385] If the interference is still strong, the BBU continues to decrease the downtilt angle until the downtilt angle is adjusted to the pre-set matrix downtilt angle (basic coverage of the cell needs to be guaranteed). The relevant information elements are the same as in step (2).

[0386] The transmission of the aforementioned various information elements within the fronthaul network includes, but is not limited to, the following implementation 1 and implementation 2.

[0387] Implementation 1: Through the data plane interface, the BBU transfers the downtilt angle, the effective frame number, the subframe number, and the effective duration to the RRU based on TTI-level granularity. To ensure that the RRU has time for adjustment, the BBU notifies the RRU xx milliseconds in advance.

[0388] Implementation 2: Through the control plane interface, the BBU transfers the corresponding information element to the RRU before the effective time of the adjusted downtilt angle. Compared with that in the data plane interface, the BBU notifies the RRU in advance by xx milliseconds plus the transmission duration of the control plane interface.

[0389] The RRU adjusts the downtilt angle in the corresponding frame number and subframe number based on the indication of the BBU and the specified valid duration.

[0390] The beneficial effects brought about by the method described in the above Example 1 include, but are not limited to, the following: the BBU collects service status and interference characteristics in real time, quickly determines a downtilt angle adjustment strategy, and transmits the downtilt angle adjustment strategy to the RRU in real time through the fronthaul interface to implement adaptive and fast adjustment. In addition, different adjustment strategies are used for different signals to meet different service requirements. In this embodiment, dynamic interference is effectively avoided by quickly and adaptively adjusting the downtilt angle in real time.

[0391] Example 2

[0392] For the type of RRU / AAU that supports 3D beamforming, in addition to the technical solution in Example 1, the BBU may also use the technical solution in this embodiment. In Example 2, the BBU performs the following steps:

[0393] In step (1), the BBU performs uplink interface measurement based on the uplink signal received from the RRU or AAU. If it is detected that the base station is interfered with by an adjacent base station or a remote base station in the uplink slot, the BBU enters a beam coverage direction adjustment procedure to select a new coverage type based on the interference direction.

[0394] The new coverage type selection method is as follows: based on beamforming, the interference strength in each beam direction is measured. For a direction with strong interference strength, the energy of the beam in this direction is set to 0, so that the RRU or AAU avoids the interfering direction during transmission or reception.

[0395] In step (2), the BBU adjusts the beam coverage direction of the downlink slot and the uplink slot through the fronthaul interface. The related information elements include an effective frame number, a subframe number, a beamforming matrix, or an index value of the beamforming matrix.

[0396] In step (3), to ensure continuous interference detection, the BBU instructs the RRU through the fronthaul interface to transmit a specified special sequence at a specific position of a specific radio frame number and subframe number, and instructs the RRU to use the original beamforming matrix at this time and the continuous effective duration of the original beamforming matrix.

[0397] The associated information elements include a valid frame number, a subframe number, a beamforming matrix or a beamforming matrix index value, and a valid duration.

[0398] Step (3) may be replaced by step (3.1).

[0399] Alternatively, in step (3.1), the BBU may instruct the RRU to use only the latest beamforming matrix, and compared with the information element in step (3), the information element in step (3.1) does not include a validity duration.

[0400] In step (4), if a channel calibration sequence is also transmitted within the radio frame, the BBU instructs the RRU to stop transmitting the channel calibration sequence in real time through the fronthaul interface. After the validity time of the beamforming matrix of the special sequence ends, the BBU transmits the calibration sequence. Related information elements include the frame number, subframe number, and the calibration sequence of the activation / deactivation transmission.

[0401] Step (4) may be replaced by step (4.1).

[0402] Step (4.1) corresponds to step (3.1), and the BBUs may alternatively indicate individually the time points for transmitting the calibration sequence.

[0403] Step (5) corresponds to step (3.1). After the special sequence is transmitted, the BBU instructs the RRU to use a new beamforming matrix. The related information elements are the same as those in step (3.1).

[0404] In step (6), the BBU continuously monitors interference to the base station based on the uplink signal and the special sequence. If the interference decreases or the interference direction changes, the BBU instructs the AAU to gradually adjust the beamforming matrix until the original coverage direction is restored.

[0405] If the interference is still strong, the BBU continues to calculate the beamforming matrix until the preset minimum coverage range is reached (basic coverage of the cell must be guaranteed). The relevant information elements are the same as in step (2).

[0406] The transmission of the aforementioned various information elements within the fronthaul network includes, but is not limited to, the following implementation 1 and implementation 2.

[0407] Implementation 1: Through the data plane interface, the BBU transfers the beam coverage direction, the valid frame number, the subframe number, and the valid duration to the RRU based on TTI-level granularity. To ensure that the RRU has time for adjustment, the BBU notifies the RRU xx milliseconds in advance.

[0408] Implementation 2: Through the control plane interface, the BBU forwards the corresponding information element to the RRU before the effective time of the adjusted beamforming matrix. Compared with that in the data plane interface, the BBU notifies the RRU in advance by xx milliseconds plus the transmission duration of the control plane interface.

[0409] The RRU adjusts the beamforming matrix in the corresponding frame number and subframe number based on the indication of the BBU and the specified valid duration to adjust the coverage direction.

[0410] The beneficial effects brought about by the method described in the above Example 2 include, but are not limited to, the following: the BBU collects service status and interference characteristics in real time, quickly determines a beam coverage adjustment scheme, and transmits the beam coverage adjustment scheme to the RRU through the fronthaul interface in real time to implement adaptive and fast adjustment. In addition, different adjustment strategies are used for different signals to meet different service requirements. In this embodiment, dynamic interference is effectively avoided by quickly and adaptively adjusting the beam coverage in real time.

[0411] It can be seen from the above embodiments that in some embodiments of the present application, the downtilt angle / beam coverage of a cell is determined in real time based on the real-time interference status. Different downtilt angles / beam coverages are used for different signal determinations. Different downtilt angles / beam coverages are used for the same signal at different times.

[0412] It can be seen from the foregoing embodiments that beneficial effects brought by the embodiments of the present application include, but are not limited to: the BBU refers to remote interference information to determine the downtilt angle / beam coverage of a cell in real time, uses different downtilt angles / beam coverages for different signals, and transmits the downtilt angles / beam coverages to the RRU through the fronthaul interface in real time to quickly adjust the downtilt angles / beam coverages, thereby avoiding interference and improving the service performance of the cell.

[0413] Regarding the technical principle for achieving the effect of improving service performance, if the transmission slot of a service is reduced or adjusted to avoid interference, the service performance of the cell will be affected; if the downtilt angle is manually adjusted, the downtilt angle adjustment speed is too slow to avoid the impact of distant interference in time. However, in some embodiments of the present application, interference conditions are automatically monitored in real time, and the coverage direction of the cell is adaptively adjusted, so that the wireless air interface resources are maximized without sacrificing the time domain resources and frequency domain resources of the wireless air interface. In addition, to adapt to interference conditions in real time, the direction is adjusted only in the case of interference. This reduces the performance loss caused by untimely manual adjustment and significantly improves service performance.

[0414] 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device 500 according to an embodiment of the present application. The communication device 500 includes: a processing module 501 and a sending module 502.

[0415] Optionally, referring to FIG. 1, the communication device 500 shown in FIG. 5 is disposed in the eREC in FIG.

[0416] Optionally, referring to FIG. 2, the communication device 500 shown in FIG. 5 is disposed in the baseband unit 21 in FIG.

[0417] Optionally, referring to Fig. 3, the communication device 500 shown in Fig. 5 is disposed in the baseband unit in Fig. 3. The processing module 501 is configured to support the communication device 500 in performing S301 and S302. The transmitting module 502 is configured to support the communication device 500 in performing S303.

[0418] The embodiment of the device illustrated in FIG. 5 is merely an example. For example, the division into multiple modules is merely a logical division of functions, and other divisions may be used in actual implementation. For example, multiple modules or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some functions may be ignored or not performed. Multiple functional modules in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing module, or each module may exist physically alone, or two or more modules may be integrated into one module.

[0419] All or some of the modules in the communication device 500 may be implemented using software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof.

[0420] When software is used for implementation, for example, the processing module 501 is implemented by a software functional module generated after at least one processor 701 in FIG. 7 reads program code stored in memory 702.

[0421] When hardware is used for implementation, for example, each of the aforementioned modules in Fig. 5 is implemented by different hardware. For example, the processing module 501 is implemented by several processing resources (e.g., one core or two cores in a multi-core processor) in at least one processor 701 in Fig. 7, or by a programmable device such as a field programmable gate array (FPGA), or a coprocessor. The transmission module 502 is implemented by the network interface 703 in Fig. 7.

[0422] 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device 600 according to an embodiment of the present application. The communication device 600 includes: a receiving module 601 and a processing module 602.

[0423] Optionally, referring to FIG. 1, the communication device 600 shown in FIG. 6 is located in the eRE in FIG.

[0424] Optionally, referring to FIG. 2, the communication device 600 shown in FIG. 6 is located in the radio frequency unit 22 in FIG.

[0425] Optionally, referring to Fig. 3, the communication device 600 shown in Fig. 6 is disposed in the radio frequency unit in Fig. 3. The receiving module 601 is configured to support the communication device 600 in performing S304. The processing module 602 is configured to support the communication device 600 in performing S305.

[0426] The embodiment of the device described in FIG. 6 is merely an example. For example, the division into multiple modules is merely a logical division of functions, and other divisions may be used in actual implementation. For example, multiple modules or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some functions may be ignored or not performed. Multiple functional modules in the embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing module, or each module may exist physically alone, or two or more modules may be integrated into one module.

[0427] All or some of the modules in the communication device 600 may be implemented using software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof.

[0428] When software is used for implementation, for example, the processing module 602 is implemented by a software functional module generated after at least one processor 701 in FIG. 7 reads program code stored in memory 702.

[0429] When hardware is used for implementation, for example, each of the aforementioned modules in Fig. 6 is implemented by different hardware. For example, the processing module 602 is implemented by several processing resources (e.g., one core or two cores in a multi-core processor) in at least one processor 701 in Fig. 7, or by a programmable device such as a field programmable gate array (FPGA), or a coprocessor. The receiving module 601 is implemented by the network interface 703 in Fig. 7.

[0430] 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application. The communication device 700 includes at least one processor 701, a memory 702 and at least one network interface 703.

[0431] Optionally, referring to FIG. 1, the communication device 700 shown in FIG. 7 is disposed in the eREC or the eRE in FIG.

[0432] Optionally, referring to FIG. 2, the communication device 700 shown in FIG. 7 is located in the baseband unit 21 or the radio frequency unit 22 in FIG.

[0433] Optionally, referring to Fig. 3, the communication device 700 shown in Fig. 7 is disposed in the baseband unit in Fig. 3. The processor 701 is configured to support the communication device 700 in performing S301 and S302. The network interface 703 is configured to support the communication device 700 in performing S303. Alternatively, the communication device 700 shown in Fig. 7 is the radio frequency unit in Fig. 3. The receiving module 601 is configured to support the communication device 600 in performing S304. The processing module 602 is configured to support the communication device 600 in performing S305.

[0434] The processor 701 may be, for example, a general-purpose central processing unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), a graphics processing unit (GPU), a neural network processing unit (NPU), a data processing unit (DPU), a microprocessor, or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the solutions of the present application. For example, the processor 701 may include an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), or a combination thereof. The PLD may be, for example, a complex programmable logic device (CPLD), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a generic array logic (GAL), or any combination thereof.

[0435] Memory 702 may be, for example, but is not limited to, read-only memory (ROM) or another type of static storage device capable of storing static information and instructions, or random access memory (RAM) or another type of dynamic storage device capable of storing information and instructions, or electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other compact disc storage, optical disc storage (including compact discs, laser discs, optical discs, digital versatile discs, and Blu-ray discs, etc.), magnetic disk storage media or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium accessible by a computer that can be used to contain or store expected program code in the form of instructions or data structures. Optionally, memory 702 exists independently and is connected to processor 701 through internal connection 704. Alternatively, memory 702 and processor 701 are integrated together.

[0436] The network interface 703 may be any transceiver-type device configured to communicate with another device or a communication network. The network interface 703 may include, for example, at least one of a wired network interface and a wireless network interface. The wired network interface may be, for example, an Ethernet interface. The Ethernet interface may be, for example, an optical interface, an electrical interface, or a combination thereof. The wireless network interface may be, for example, a wireless local area network (WLAN) interface, a cellular network interface, or a combination thereof.

[0437] In some embodiments, the processor 701 includes one or more CPUs, for example, CPU0 and CPU1 shown in FIG.

[0438] Optionally, the processor 701 implements the method in the foregoing embodiment by reading a program code stored in the memory 702, or the processor 701 implements the method in the foregoing embodiment by using a program code stored therein. If the processor 701 implements the method in the foregoing embodiment by reading a program code stored in the memory 702, the memory 702 stores a program code 710 for implementing the method provided in this embodiment of the present application.

[0439] In some embodiments, communications apparatus 700 optionally includes multiple processors, such as processor 701 and processor 705 shown in FIG. 7. Each of these processors may be, for example, a single-core processor (single-CPU) or a multi-core processor (multi-CPU). A processor optionally refers to one or more devices, circuits, and / or processing cores configured to process data (e.g., computer program instructions).

[0440] In some embodiments, the communication device 700 further includes an internal connection 704. The processor 701, the memory 702, and the at least one network interface 703 are connected through the internal connection 704. The internal connection 704 includes a channel for transmitting information among the aforementioned components. Optionally, the internal connection 704 is a board or a bus. Optionally, the internal connection 704 includes an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc.

[0441] In some embodiments, the communication device 700 further includes an input / output interface 706. The input / output interface 706 is connected to the internal connection 704.

[0442] For further details of the implementation of the aforementioned functions by the processor 701, please refer to the description in the aforementioned method embodiment, and the details will not be described again here.

[0443] In some embodiments, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, which stores at least one instruction that, when executed on a computer, enables the computer to perform steps of the method performed by the baseband unit in the method embodiments described above.

[0444] In some embodiments, a computer-readable storage medium is provided that stores at least one instruction that, when executed on a computer, enables the computer to perform the steps of the method performed by the radio frequency unit in the method embodiments described above.

[0445] In some embodiments, a computer program product is provided, which includes one or more computer program instructions that, when loaded and executed by a computer, enable the computer to perform the steps of the method performed by the baseband unit in the method embodiments described above.

[0446] In some embodiments, a computer program product is provided, which includes one or more computer program instructions that, when loaded and executed by a computer, enable the computer to perform the steps of the method performed by the radio frequency unit in the method embodiments described above.

[0447] In some embodiments, a chip is provided, the chip including programmable logic circuitry and / or program instructions, which when operated is configured to implement the steps of the method performed by the baseband unit in the method embodiments described above.

[0448] According to a twelfth aspect, there is provided a chip, the chip including programmable logic circuitry and / or program instructions, which, when operated, is configured to implement the steps of the method performed by the radio frequency unit in the method embodiments described above.

[0449] The term "and / or" as used herein should be understood to indicate and include any or all possible combinations of one or more items in the associated list. The term "and / or" describes a correspondence relationship for describing related objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B may indicate three cases: only A is present, both A and B are present, and only B is present. Additionally, the character " / " in this application generally indicates an "or" relationship between related objects.

[0450] The embodiments herein are described in an incremental manner, and reference is made to each other for identical or similar parts of the embodiments, with each embodiment highlighting its differences from other embodiments.

[0451] Referencing B in relation to A means that A is the same as B, or that A is a simple variation of B.

[0452] In this specification and claims, terms such as "first" and "second" are used to distinguish between different objects and are not intended to describe a particular order of those objects and cannot be understood as indicating or suggesting relative importance. For example, "first message" and "second message" are used to distinguish between different messages but are not used to describe a particular order of the messages and the first message cannot be understood as being more important than the second message.

[0453] In the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise specified, "at least one" means "one or more" and "plurality" means two or more.

[0454] All or some of the above-described embodiments may be implemented using software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When software is used for implementation, the implementation may be implemented, in whole or in part, in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or some of the procedures or functions described in the embodiments of the present application are generated. The computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or another programmable device. The computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, or digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, radio wave, or microwave) methods. The computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium accessible by a computer, or may be a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media. The available media may be magnetic media (e.g., floppy disks, hard disks, or magnetic tapes), optical media (e.g., DVDs), or semiconductor media (e.g., solid state disks (SSDs)).

[0455] The above embodiments are only intended to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that, without departing from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, further modifications may be made to the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or equivalent substitutions may be made to some technical features thereof.

Claims

1. A method for avoiding interference in a base station, comprising: determining, by a baseband unit of the base station, that the base station is interfered with and obtaining an interference detection result, or receiving, by the baseband unit, the interference detection result from a radio frequency unit of the base station; determining, by the baseband unit, a first parameter based on the interference detection result; generating, by the baseband unit, a first message based on the first parameter, wherein the first message instructs the radio frequency unit to adjust a beam coverage direction of the base station based on the first parameter; and transmitting, by said baseband unit, said first message to said radio frequency unit; A method comprising:

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first message includes first time information, the first time information indicating a time point when the first parameter begins to take effect.

3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the first time information includes a frame number and / or a subframe number at which the first parameter begins to take effect.

4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first message includes first duration information, the first duration information indicating a continuous valid duration of the first parameter.

5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first message is a CPRI message or an eCPRI message.

6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first parameter comprises a downtilt angle, and the first message comprises a value of the downtilt angle or a variation of the downtilt angle.

7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first parameter includes a beamforming matrix, and the first message includes a value of the beamforming matrix or an index of the beamforming matrix.

8. The step of determining the first parameter by the baseband unit based on the interference detection result comprises: obtaining, by the baseband unit, the first parameter based on previously used parameter values ​​and a stepping value; having The method of claim 1.

9. The interference detection result includes an interference direction, and the step of determining the first parameter by the baseband unit based on the interference detection result includes: obtaining the first parameter based on the interference direction by the baseband unit, wherein the beam coverage direction corresponding to the first parameter is a beam that avoids the interference direction; having The method of claim 1.

10. The beam coverage direction corresponding to the first parameter avoids the interference direction, the energy of the beam directed in the interference direction is zero; or The energy of the beam directed in the interference direction is smaller than the energy of the beam directed in the interference direction in the past period. Including, 10. The method of claim 9.

11. generating, by the baseband unit, the first message based on the first parameters, generating, by the baseband unit, the first message based on the first parameter in response to the interference detection result indicating that atmospheric duct interference is present; generating, by the baseband unit, the first message based on the first parameter in response to the interference detection result indicating that atmospheric duct interference has disappeared; generating, by the baseband unit, the first message based on the first parameter in response to the interference detection result indicating that the intensity of atmospheric duct interference is decreasing; or generating, by the baseband unit, the first message based on the first parameter in response to the interference detection result indicating that a direction of atmospheric duct interference is changing. having The method of claim 1.

12. generating, by the baseband unit, a second message, wherein the second message instructs the radio frequency unit to transmit a designated sequence at a designated time based on a second parameter, the designated sequence being used by the baseband unit to perform interference detection, and a beam coverage direction corresponding to the second parameter being different from the beam coverage direction corresponding to the first parameter; and transmitting, by said baseband unit, said second message to said radio frequency unit; The method of claim 1 further comprising:

13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the second message includes second time information, the second time information indicating a time point when the second parameter begins to take effect.

14. The method of claim 12 , wherein the second message includes second duration information, the second duration information indicating a continuing valid duration of the second parameter.

15. The method of claim 12 , wherein the second parameter comprises a downtilt angle, and the second message comprises a value of the downtilt angle or a variation of the downtilt angle.

16. The method of claim 12 , wherein the second parameters include a beamforming matrix, and the second message includes a value of the beamforming matrix or an index of the beamforming matrix.

17. generating a third message by the baseband unit if the radio frequency unit has transmitted a calibration sequence at the specified time, wherein the third message instructs the radio frequency unit to stop transmitting the calibration sequence, the calibration sequence being used to calibrate a transmission channel of the radio frequency unit; and transmitting, by the baseband unit, the third message to the radio frequency unit. The method of claim 12 further comprising:

18. the third message further instructs the radio frequency unit to retransmit the calibration sequence after the validity period of the second parameter has expired; or The third message includes third time information, and the third time information indicates a time point at which the calibration sequence is transmitted.

18. The method of claim 17.

19. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein the third message includes an activation identifier, the activation identifier being used to identify the transmission of the calibration sequence or an end of transmission of the calibration sequence.

20. A method for avoiding interference in a base station, comprising: receiving, by a radio frequency unit of the base station, a first message from a base band unit of the base station, wherein the first message instructs the radio frequency unit to adjust a beam coverage direction of the base station based on a first parameter; and adjusting, by the radio frequency unit, the beam coverage direction based on the first message and the first parameter; Equipped with The method, wherein the first message includes first time information, the first time information indicating a time point when the first parameter begins to take effect.

21. The step of adjusting the beam coverage direction based on the first message and the first parameter by the radio frequency unit includes: automatically adjusting, by the radio frequency unit, the beam coverage direction based on the first message and the first parameter. having 21. The method of claim 20.

22. A communication device comprising a unit configured to implement the method of any one of claims 1 to 19.

23. A communications device comprising a processor, coupled to a memory, the processor configured to implement a method according to any one of claims 1 to 19.

24. A communication device comprising a unit configured to implement the method according to any one of claims 20 and 21.

25. A communications device comprising a processor, coupled to a memory, the processor configured to implement the method of any one of claims 20 and 21.

26. A communication system comprising a communication device having a unit configured to implement the method of any one of claims 1 to 19 and a communication system comprising a communication device having a unit configured to implement the method of any one of claims 20 and 21.

27. 22. A computer-readable storage medium storing at least one instruction that, when executed on a computer, enables the computer to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 19 or claims 20 and 21.

28. A computer program product for causing a computer to carry out the method according to any one of claims 1 to 19 or claims 20 and 21.

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