Pest and disease control methods and devices

Abstract

To provide a pest damage control method and a pest damage control device that can obtain the excellent pest suppression function.SOLUTION: A pest damage control method and a pest damage control device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure irradiates pests including at least one of thrip, whitefly and aphid or an adhered body thereof with irradiation light consisting of the ultraviolet B-wave with a wavelength of 280 nm to 315 nm having the pest suppression function. More specifically, the pests may include at least one of Frankliniella intonsa, Bemisia tabaci and Aphis gossypii.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for controlling pests and diseases. [Background technology]

[0002] Patent Document 1 describes an integrated farmland management system that manages the growth of crops in a farmland via a communication network. This integrated farmland management system includes multiple sensors, one or more pest control units, an in-farm terminal, and a prediction device.

[0003] The multiple sensors detect environmental parameters that represent the environment in the field at predetermined time intervals. One or more pest control units suppress pests from infesting crops. The in-field terminal transmits the environmental parameters to the prediction device via a communication network, receives control signals from the prediction device that control the operation of the pest control unit, and controls the operation of the pest control unit. The prediction device has a pest infestation prediction model that predicts pests that will infest crops based on changes in the environmental parameters, predicts pest infestation based on newly input environmental parameters, and generates control signals corresponding to the pests whose infestation is predicted.

[0004] The in-field terminal includes a determination unit that determines whether the value of the environmental parameter is greater than a threshold value, and a first notification unit that issues a first alarm to the user when the value of the environmental parameter is greater than the threshold value. The prediction device includes a second notification unit that issues a second alarm to a call control server that has the user's mobile phone number registered therein, using a mobile phone line, when the first alarm is issued or when a pest outbreak is predicted by the pest outbreak prediction model. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0005] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 7065163 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] However, according to the inventor's intensive research, the prior art including Patent Document 1 has room for improvement in that the pest control function against certain types of pests and diseases, particularly pests including at least one of thrips, whiteflies, and aphids, may be insufficient.

[0007] The present invention has been completed based on the above-mentioned awareness of the problem, and aims to provide a method and device for controlling pests that can provide excellent pest control functions. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] The method for controlling pests of this embodiment includes: Cotton aphid pest Or has a pest control function against the attached body, Photon density is 6.0×10 19 (μmol / m 2 / sec) and wavelength 308 nm The irradiation light consists of ultraviolet B waves , with exposure time of at least 9 hours and 30 minutes each day for at least 8 consecutive days. The present invention is characterized by irradiating the

[0013] It is preferable to irradiate the light for at least 8 consecutive days for a period of 9 hours and 30 minutes or more, including the period from 21:30 on one day to 7:00 on the next day.

[0016] The attachment body of the pest is preferably a strawberry.

[0017] The pest control device of this embodiment is Cotton aphid pest Or has a pest control function against the attached body, Photon density is 6.0×10 19 (μmol / m 2 / sec) and wavelength 308 nm The irradiation light consists of ultraviolet B waves , with exposure time of at least 9 hours and 30 minutes each day for at least 8 consecutive days. The present invention is characterized by irradiating the [Effects of the Invention]

[0018] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a method and an apparatus for controlling pests that can provide an excellent pest control function. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0019] [Figure 1] 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of a farmland integrated management system to which a pest control method and a pest control device are applied. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram showing the internal configuration of the control box. [Figure 3] 1 is a diagram showing the advantages of the disease and pest control function of the disease and pest control method and the disease and pest control device. FIG. [Figure 4] FIG. 1 shows the superiority of pest control function against oriental flower thrips. [Figure 5] FIG. 1 shows the superiority of pest control function against Bemisia tabaci. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0020] The pest control method and pest control device of this embodiment relate to a pest control technique that uses optical technology.

[0021] It is said that damage caused by pests and diseases in Japan amounts to 50 to 100 billion yen per year, and due to recent environmental changes (global warming, etc.), this damage is on the rise compared to other countries. Therefore, the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (MAFF) has called for pest and disease control measures. However, Japan's current pest and disease control technology relies primarily on chemical pesticides. Traditional pesticides are highly risky, and pests that have become problematic in recent years have become resistant to them, resulting in cases where pesticides are ineffective. Physical pest and disease control techniques, such as insect netting and heat treatment, are also being considered, but no comprehensively effective methods exist. Furthermore, efforts are underway to reduce the use of chemical pesticides on a risk-equivalent basis, necessitating the establishment and widespread adoption of physical pest and disease control techniques that can replace chemical pesticides.

[0022] The present inventors have recognized the above-mentioned current situation as an important technical challenge and have conducted extensive research. As a result, they have discovered that for certain types of pests and diseases, particularly pests including at least one of thrips, whiteflies, and aphids, excellent pest control functions can be achieved by irradiating them with light of a specific wavelength, specifically, ultraviolet B (UVB) rays with a wavelength of 280 nm to 315 nm, and have thus completed the present invention.

[0023] According to the inventor's intensive research, it has been confirmed that irradiation light consisting of ultraviolet B waves with a wavelength of 280 nm to 315 nm has a significant pest control function against thrips, whiteflies, and aphids compared to light of other wavelengths, such as UVA (ultraviolet A) with a wavelength of 365 nm, blue light (blue) with a wavelength of 450 nm, green light (green) with a wavelength of 525 nm, and red light (red) with a wavelength of 660 nm. Furthermore, it has been confirmed that irradiation light consisting of ultraviolet B waves with a wavelength of 280 nm to 315 nm has a significant pest control function against thrips, whiteflies, and aphids compared to pests that are not targeted by this embodiment, such as spider mites.

[0024] Incidentally, UVA (ultraviolet A) light with a wavelength of 365 nm and blue light with a wavelength of 450 nm were also confirmed to have some pest control effects on thrips. However, it was only ultraviolet B light with a wavelength of 280 nm to 315 nm that was able to exert a significant pest control effect uniformly on all developmental stages of thrips (egg I, egg II, egg III, adult), whiteflies (egg, larvae, adult), and aphids (first and second generation). It was also found that the mechanism of pest control for these insects is the reduction of bacteria that live symbiotically with the insects through light irradiation. Furthermore, by adjusting the wavelength optimal for control for each disease and pest within the 280 nm to 315 nm wavelength range, it is possible to reduce egg production and slow growth rates.

[0025] Irradiation light consisting of ultraviolet B rays with wavelengths of 280nm to 315nm is effective in controlling thrips, whiteflies, and aphids (preventing hatching, killing them, reducing egg production, and slowing growth due to a reduction in symbiotic bacteria), and is also effective in controlling diseases such as anthracnose, wilt, gray mold, and powdery mildew.

[0026] In this way, in the pest control method and pest control device of this embodiment, pests including at least one of thrips, whiteflies, and aphids or their attached bodies are irradiated with ultraviolet-B light having a wavelength of 280 nm to 315 nm, which has pest suppression function.

[0027] The pest control method and pest control device of this embodiment exhibit excellent pest control functions against pests including at least one of thrips, whiteflies, and aphids, particularly, oriental flower thrips, tobacco whitefly, and cotton aphid. The pests targeted for pest control may include, among thrips, melon thrips, onion thrips, western flower thrips, and yellow tea thrips. The pests targeted for pest control may also include, among whiteflies, greenhouse whitefly, silverleaf whitefly, and azalea whitefly. Furthermore, the pests to be controlled may include honeybee aphids, dogwood aphids, spotted aphids, carewheat aphids, stag beetles, giant aphids, flat-headed aphids, and green peach aphids. All of these pests cause damage to various crops and are therefore troublesome for agricultural crops.

[0028] Agricultural crops, especially strawberries, are examples of hosts for pests such as thrips, whiteflies, and aphids. Strawberries are prone to infestation by thrips, whiteflies, and aphids, and because they are a crop with a large shipping value per unit volume, total shipping value, and overseas export value, the need for, and therefore the effectiveness of, pest control (pest suppression) is greater for strawberries than for other agricultural crops.

[0029] The light irradiated with pest-suppressing properties preferably has a wavelength in the range of 280 nm to 315 nm, and in particular is composed of ultraviolet-B rays with a wavelength of 308 nm. This allows for a more pronounced control (suppression) of pests, including at least one of thrips, whiteflies, and aphids. This is thought to be because, among the UV rays from sunlight that reach the earth, UVB rays with a relatively short wavelength of 280 nm to 315 nm, especially 308 nm, are absorbed by the DNA of thrips, whiteflies, and aphids, causing abnormal structures (DNA damage) called cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers and (6-4) photoproducts, which impair transcription and translation, resulting in cell death and functional abnormalities.

[0030] The photon density (number of photons) of the irradiated light that has the pest control function is 6.0 x 10 19 (μmol / m 2 / sec), where sec means seconds (s). This allows the control function (suppression function) of pests including at least one of thrips, whiteflies, and aphids to be more significantly exhibited.

[0031] The photon density (number of photons) can be obtained based on the following calculation formulas (X) and (Y). (X) Irradiance (W / m 2 )=photon density (mol / m 2 / s) × Avogadro's number (mol -1 ) × Planck multiplier (Js) × speed of light (m / s) ÷ wavelength (m) (Y) Photon density (mol / m 2 / s)={irradiance(W / m 2 ) × wavelength (m)} / {Avogadro's number (mol -1 ) × Planck multiplier (Js) × speed of light (m / s)}

[0032] The photon density (number of photons) of the irradiated light having the pest control function is preferably 5.0 × 10 19 (μmol / m 2 / sec) ~ 7.0 × 10 19 (μmol / m 2 / sec), more preferably 5.5 × 10 19 (μmol / m 2 / sec)~6.5×10 19 (μmol / m 2 / sec). The most preferred photon density (number of photons) within this range is 6.0×10 19 (μmol / m 2 / sec).

[0033] When the pest is an aphid, particularly aphid gossypii, it is preferable to irradiate the light having pest-suppressing function for at least 8 consecutive days, with the irradiation time each day being 9 hours 30 minutes or more. More specifically, it is preferable to irradiate the light having pest-suppressing function for at least 8 consecutive days, with the irradiation time being 9 hours 30 minutes or more, including 9:30 PM one day to 7:00 AM the next day. This makes it possible to more significantly exhibit the control function (suppression function) of aphids, particularly aphid gossypii. Note that, as long as the irradiation time each day is 9 hours 30 minutes or more, it is not necessarily necessary to irradiate the light for at least 9 hours 30 minutes, including 9:30 PM one day to 7:00 AM the next day.

[0034] When the pests are thrips, particularly oriental thrips, or whiteflies, particularly Bemisia tabaci, it is preferable to irradiate the pest-suppressing light for at least 5 hours and 30 minutes each day to prevent the hatching of pest eggs (until the hatching period in the control area). More specifically, it is preferable to irradiate the pest-suppressing light for at least 5 hours and 30 minutes from 10:30 PM one day to 4:00 AM the next day to prevent the hatching of pest eggs. This allows the control function (suppression function) of thrips, particularly oriental thrips, or whiteflies, particularly Bemisia tabaci, to be more significantly expressed. Note that as long as the irradiation time is at least 5 hours and 30 minutes each day, it is not necessary to irradiate for at least 5 hours and 30 minutes from 10:30 PM one day to 4:00 AM the next day.

[0035] In this way, in the pest control method and pest control device of this embodiment, light having pest suppression function is irradiated onto pests or their attached bodies, including at least one of thrips, whiteflies, and aphids, so as to satisfy the following conditions (1) to (3). Condition (1): The irradiating light is ultraviolet B radiation with a wavelength of 280 nm to 315 nm, preferably ultraviolet B radiation with a wavelength of 308 nm. Condition (2): The photon density of the irradiated light is 6.0 × 10 19 (μmol / m 2 / sec). Condition (3): When the pest is an aphid, particularly aphid gossypii, the light is applied for at least 9 hours and 30 minutes each day for at least 8 consecutive days. Preferably, the light is applied for at least 9 hours and 30 minutes, including 9:30 PM one day to 7:00 AM the next day, for at least 8 consecutive days. When the pest is a thrips, particularly oriental flower thrips, or a whitefly, particularly Bemisia tabaci, the light is applied for at least 5 hours and 30 minutes each day to prevent hatching of the pest eggs (until the hatching period in the control area). Preferably, the light is applied for at least 5 hours and 30 minutes, including 10:30 PM one day to 4:00 AM the next day, to prevent hatching of the pest eggs.

[0036] By satisfying all of the above conditions (1) to (3), it is possible to achieve an extremely high level of pest control (suppression) against at least one of thrips, whiteflies, and aphids. However, a certain level of pest control (suppression) can be achieved by satisfying only one or two of conditions (1) to (3) rather than all of conditions (1) to (3). Furthermore, the wavelength range requirement of condition (1) may be essential, and the photon density requirement of condition (2) and the irradiation time requirement of condition (3) may be additional (alternative).

[0037] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of an integrated farm field management system (hereinafter simply referred to as the system) 1 to which a pest control method and a pest control device are applied. System 1 manages the growth of crops in a farm field via a communication network. A farm field means an enclosed field. For example, a unit of farmland for greenhouse cultivation of strawberries is referred to as a farm field here. Note that a farm field is not limited to greenhouses for strawberry cultivation.

[0038] The system 1 includes a greenhouse (vinyl greenhouse) 10 for strawberry cultivation. The greenhouse 10 is rectangular in plan view, measuring, for example, approximately 15 m long and 35 m wide, and soil for strawberry cultivation is formed on the underside of the interior of the greenhouse 10. The greenhouse 10 is provided with eight rows of strawberry ridges 20 aligned vertically in FIG. 1 and extending horizontally in FIG. 1. The greenhouse 10 is provided with a plurality of LED (Light Emitting Diode) light source modules 30. The LED light source modules 30 are positioned above the strawberry ridges 20 and irradiate light having a pest-suppressing function to strawberries (all constituent elements, such as stems, leaves, flowers, and fruit, are collectively referred to as "strawberries") planted in the strawberry ridges 20, or to pests, including at least one of thrips, whiteflies, and aphids, that are attached to the strawberries. In the example of Figure 1, four LED light source modules 30 are provided above each of the eight rows of strawberry rows 20, extending horizontally at a predetermined interval, for a total of 32 LED light source modules 30, but there is a degree of freedom in the number and arrangement of the LED light source modules 30, and various design changes are possible.

[0039] The LED light source module 30 preferably has a narrow band wavelength spectrum, can select only wavelengths that are effective for pest control, has high electrical responsiveness, and is highly compatible with the Internet of Things (IOT).

[0040] The house 10 is provided with an IOT (Internet of Things) sensing device 40. In the example of FIG. 1, one IOT sensing device 40 is depicted installed in the center of the house 10, but there is a degree of freedom in the number and arrangement of the sensing devices 40, and various design modifications are possible. The IOT sensing device 40 detects (acquires) environmental parameters that represent the environment inside the field (house 10), for example, at predetermined time intervals. The environmental parameters include, for example, temperature, humidity, sunlight, CO 2 The information may be information indicating the concentration, the number of pests caught in the insect trap, the soil moisture content, etc. The environmental parameters detected by the IOT sensing device 40 are output (transmitted) to an external device from the control box 50 described later.

[0041] Although not shown, the house 10 may be provided with an insect trap that detects the presence or absence of pest insects by irradiating a positively tactic light that attracts insects onto an insect viewing board and counting the number of dots on the insect viewing board, separate from the IOT sensing device 40. Pest insect infestation can be detected without using complex image processing technology.

[0042] The house 10 is provided with a control box 50 including an LED drive control panel that controls the drive of the LED light source module 30. The control box 50 is realized by a computer including, for example, a ROM (Read Only Memory), a RAM (Random Access Memory), a CPU (Central Processing Unit), etc. In this case, the processing contents of each functional section are written by a program.

[0043] 2 is a functional block diagram showing the internal configuration of the control box 50. The control box 50 has a communication unit 51, an LED drive control unit 52, and a sensor drive control unit 53.

[0044] The communication unit 51 transmits the environmental parameters detected by the IOT sensing device 40 to a communication device 60, which is an external device. The communication unit 51 receives a control signal from the communication device 60 for controlling the operation of the LED light source module 30. This control information is information for controlling the irradiation mode (wavelength, photon density, irradiation time of the irradiated light) of the LED light source module 30, which has a pest suppression function. The communication method between the communication unit 51 and the communication device 60 has a degree of freedom, and various design changes are possible, but for example, wireless communication such as LPWA (Low Power Wide Area) can be adopted.

[0045] The LED drive control unit 52 drives and controls the LED light source module 30 based on control information received by the communication unit 51 from the communication device 60, thereby causing the LED light source module 30 to emit light having pest suppression function so as to satisfy the following conditions (1) to (3): Condition (1): The irradiating light is ultraviolet B radiation with a wavelength of 280 nm to 315 nm, preferably ultraviolet B radiation with a wavelength of 308 nm. Condition (2): The photon density of the irradiated light is 6.0 × 10 19 (μmol / m 2 / sec). Condition (3): When the pest is an aphid, particularly aphid gossypii, the light is applied for at least 9 hours and 30 minutes each day for at least 8 consecutive days. Preferably, the light is applied for at least 9 hours and 30 minutes, including 9:30 PM one day to 7:00 AM the next day, for at least 8 consecutive days. When the pest is a thrips, particularly oriental flower thrips, or a whitefly, particularly Bemisia tabaci, the light is applied for at least 5 hours and 30 minutes each day to prevent hatching of the pest eggs (until the hatching period in the control area). Preferably, the light is applied for at least 5 hours and 30 minutes, including 10:30 PM one day to 4:00 AM the next day, to prevent hatching of the pest eggs.

[0046] In addition, the LED drive control unit 52 may drive and control the LED light source module 30 to mix multiple wavelengths, such as the irradiation light consisting of ultraviolet B waves (UVB) with a wavelength of 308 nm in this embodiment, UVA (ultraviolet A) with a wavelength of 365 nm, blue light (Blue) with a wavelength of 450 nm, green light (Green) with a wavelength of 525 nm, and red light (Red) with a wavelength of 660 nm, into one module, depending on various uses other than the pest control function.

[0047] The sensor drive control unit 53 drives the IOT sensing device 40 and acquires environmental parameters detected by the IOT sensing device 40. For example, the sensor drive control unit 53 supplies a constant current to the thermistor of the temperature sensor and converts the terminal voltage of the thermistor, which changes with temperature, into temperature. For example, the sensor drive control unit 53 supplies a constant voltage to the humidity sensor, which forms capacitance, and converts the oscillation frequency, which changes with humidity, into humidity. The sensor drive control unit 53 is a driver that drives each sensor according to its specifications and acquires environmental parameters from each sensor.

[0048] The communication device 60 functions as an edge device to which multiple IOT devices can be connected. The communication device 60 receives environmental parameters detected by the IOT sensing device 40 from the control box 50 (communication unit 51) and uploads the environmental parameters to the cloud server 70. The environmental parameters and their associated information uploaded to the cloud server 70 are provided to the manager (strawberry grower) of the farm field (house 10) as, for example, growth environment monitoring or alert notification emails. In addition, monitoring of the operating status of the LED light source module 30 is provided to the manager (strawberry grower) of the farm field (house 10) via the cloud server 70.

[0049] The communication device 60 transmits to the control box 50 (communication unit 51) a control signal for controlling the operation of the LED light source module 30, that is, a control signal for causing the LED light source module 30 to emit light having pest suppression function so as to satisfy the above conditions (1) to (3).

[0050] Although not shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 , system 1 may include a prediction device having a pest infestation prediction model that predicts pests and diseases that will occur in agricultural crops based on changes in environmental parameters, predicting pest infestation based on newly input environmental parameters, and generating a control signal corresponding to the predicted pest. System 1 may also include an in-field terminal that transmits environmental parameters to the prediction device via a communication network, receives control signals from the prediction device that control the operation of a pest control unit, and controls the operation of the pest control unit. The in-field terminal may include a determination unit that determines whether the value of the environmental parameter is greater than a threshold, and a first notification unit that issues a first alarm to a user when the value of the environmental parameter is greater than the threshold. The prediction device may also include a second notification unit that issues a second alarm via a mobile phone line to a call control server in which the user's mobile phone number is registered when the first alarm is issued or when a pest infestation is predicted by the pest infestation prediction model.

[0051] FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the superiority of the pest control function of the pest control method and pest control device. The inventors conducted demonstration experiments on the pest control function of light irradiation technology using the flat-flowered thrips, the sweetpotato whitefly, and the cotton aphid as target pests. For the flat-flowered thrips, demonstration experiments were conducted at four growth stages: egg I, egg II, egg III, and adult. For the sweetpotato whitefly, demonstration experiments were conducted at two growth stages: egg and adult (for the larvae, data was unqualified, or "N / A," for all wavelengths: UVB, UVA, blue, green, and red). For the cotton aphid, demonstration experiments were conducted at two growth stages: the first and second generations. In this embodiment, the pests at each growth stage were irradiated with ultraviolet B (UVB) light with a wavelength of 308 nm, while as a comparative example, UVA (ultraviolet A) with a wavelength of 365 nm, blue light (Blue) with a wavelength of 450 nm, green light (Green) with a wavelength of 525 nm, and red light (Red) with a wavelength of 660 nm were irradiated, and the growth status of each pest at each growth stage was observed. In the demonstration experiment, LEDs were placed inside the incubator and air was circulated by a fan to prevent excessive temperature rise.

[0052] The irradiation conditions for one repetition were UVB, UVA, Blue, Green, and Red, with a photon count (photon density) of 6.0 x 10 19 (μmol / m 2 / sec) to make them the same.

[0053] The irradiation time was set separately for cotton aphids, flower thrips, and whitefly. For cotton aphids, the irradiation time was 9 hours and 30 minutes at night (from 9:30 PM one day to 7:00 AM the next day), and this was repeated for 8 consecutive days. For flower thrips and whitefly, the irradiation time was 5 hours and 30 minutes at night (from 10:30 PM one day to 4:00 AM the next day), and this was repeated until the hatching period of the pest eggs (until the hatching period in the control area) was reached. The measurement device used was the USHIO USR-45 spectroradiometer, which has a wavelength range of 300 nm to 1000 nm. The measurement position was directly below the light source, and the irradiation distance was 75 cm. In both cases, the environment was dark and Ta (ambient temperature, ambient temperature when there is no wind) was constant (Ta = 25°C).

[0054] In Figure 3, when the developmental stage is an egg, the hatching rate (%) is calculated and displayed. Cases with a hatching rate of 10% or higher are displayed normally, while cases with a hatching rate of less than 10% are highlighted in white on a gray background. For the adult stage of oriental flower thrips, the adult stage of tobacco whitefly, and the first and second generations of cotton aphid, the observed pest suppression function is recorded. Cases in which particularly significant pest suppression function was obtained are highlighted in white on a gray background. Cases in which significant data was not obtained were marked "N / A" to indicate that the data was not eligible.

[0055] As shown in Figure 3, in the case of irradiation light (UVB) consisting of ultraviolet B rays with a wavelength of 308 nm according to this embodiment, an advantageous pest control function was confirmed, with a hatching rate of 0% at the egg I stage of flower thrips, a hatching rate of 1.7% at the egg II stage, and a reduction in the number of eggs laid at the adult stage. Also, an advantageous pest control function was confirmed, with a hatching rate of 3.3% at the egg stage of Bemisia tabaci and a reduction in the number of eggs laid at the adult stage. Furthermore, an advantageous pest control function was confirmed, with a growth retardation tendency due to a reduction in symbiotic bacteria, in the first and second generations of cotton aphids.

[0056] In contrast, UVA (ultraviolet A) with a wavelength of 365 nm, blue light with a wavelength of 450 nm, green light with a wavelength of 525 nm, and red light with a wavelength of 660 nm were not found to have a significant overall pest control effect on the broad-leaved flower thrips, tobacco whitefly, and cotton aphid. UVA produced a 3.8% hatching rate at the first egg stage of broad-leaved flower thrips, and blue light produced a 0% hatching rate at the first egg stage of broad-leaved flower thrips and a 5.0% hatching rate at the second egg stage. However, none of these light sources demonstrated a significant overall pest control effect on broad-leaved flower thrips, tobacco whitefly, or cotton aphid, and their pest control effects were limited and insufficient.

[0057] In order to verify the significance of the reduction in symbiotic bacteria for cotton aphids, the inventors performed a Buchnera quantitative PCR test by extracting DNA from each individual two hours after (after the dark period) following a single irradiation with ultraviolet B rays (UVB) at a wavelength of 308 nm, and found a tendency for the amount of Buchnera present in the body to decrease.Furthermore, when the inventors performed a Buchnera quantitative PCR test by extracting DNA from each individual two hours after (after the dark period) following four irradiations with ultraviolet B rays (UVB) at a wavelength of 308 nm, a significant decrease in the amount of Buchnera present in the body was found.

[0058] In this way, by irradiating light targeting symbiotic bacteria (essential symbiotic bacteria) that only exist in sap-sucking pests, it is possible to reduce the burden on environmental organisms and beneficial insects, and it is also effective against insecticide-resistant strains, achieving reduced pesticide use and high added value.

[0059] The results of the demonstration experiment for flat-flower thrips will be explained in more detail. Flat-flower thrips eggs were placed on a mesh, and five types of LED light sources [UVB (308 nm), UVA (365 nm), blue (450 nm), green (525 nm), red (660 nm)] were used at a photon count (photon density) of 6.0 x 10 19 (μmol / m 2The effect on hatching rate of eggs exposed to the same irradiation at a frequency of 1 / sec was examined. Since it was confirmed that the hatching rate of the eggs of the broad-flowered flower thrips differed depending on the growth stage at the start of observation, the examination was carried out separately for each growth stage of the eggs.

[0060] Specifically, we defined growth stage I (egg I stage), which occurs about 1-2 days after egg-laying and shows little morphological change; growth stage II (egg II stage), which occurs about 3 days after egg-laying and shows a state in which the eggs are swollen overall with protruding heads (the eyes cannot be seen); and growth stage III (egg III stage), which occurs about 4 days after egg-laying and shows clearly visible red eyes (the eggs will hatch in 1 or 2 days).

[0061] Twenty eggs were treated as one set and exposed to LED light for 5.5 hours / 24 hours (22:30-4:00) under dark conditions at 25°C (800 μl of water was provided daily to prevent death due to desiccation). The final hatching rate was calculated and plotted. The results are shown in Figure 4. As shown in Figure 4, it was found that irradiation with UVB (308 nm) and blue (450 nm) caused a significant decrease in the hatching rate of oriental flower thrips eggs. Note that Figure 4 also shows a comparison example in which the irradiation time was one hour for UVB (308 nm) and blue (450 nm) only (pest control function was insufficient).

[0062] The results of the demonstration experiment for Bemisia tabaci will be explained in more detail. The effect of each LED light irradiation on the hatching rate of Bemisia tabaci eggs laid on cabbage leaf disks was examined, as in the case of Oriental thrips. The results are shown in Figure 5. As shown in Figure 5, it was found that irradiation with UVB (308 nm) and blue (450 nm) caused a decrease in the hatching rate of Bemisia tabaci eggs. In particular, UVB (308 nm) demonstrated excellent pest control of Bemisia tabaci eggs. Furthermore, not only was the hatching rate significantly reduced, but the blackening of the eggs was also observed. Note that Figure 5 shows only UVB (308 nm) at irradiation distances of 8 cm and 20 cm, demonstrating similar excellent pest control.

[0063] The results of the demonstration experiment for cotton aphids are explained in more detail. An LED irradiation experiment was conducted on third-instar cotton aphid larvae (5 individuals / 1 petri dish) on eggplant leaf discs (changed every 3 days) [25°C, 9.5 hours of nighttime irradiation (21:30-7:00), photon density 6.0 × 10 19 (μmol / m 2 / sec)], it was found that UVB irradiation tends to reduce live weight and total number of offspring. UVB also tended to cause growth retardation in the next generation of individuals. Quantitative PCR was also used to confirm the effects of UVB irradiation on the essential symbiotic bacterium Buchnera (which plays a role in supplying nutrients to the host). It was confirmed that the abundance of Buchnera tended to decrease after one exposure, but significantly decreased after four exposures. Furthermore, when UVB irradiation was also tested on the strawberry aphid, it was confirmed that UVB irradiation had a negative effect on survival and reproduction.

[0064] The pest control method and pest control device of this embodiment can achieve excellent pest control by irradiating pests, including at least one of thrips, whiteflies, and aphids, or their attached bodies, with ultraviolet-B radiation having a wavelength of 280 nm to 315 nm, which has pest control properties. In other words, by identifying specific wavelength conditions that are effective in suppressing the symbiotic systems within insects and the reproduction and survival of pests, and establishing this as an environmentally friendly pest control technology, it becomes possible to put into practical use a new light-based pest control technology that can serve as an alternative to existing pesticides, for specific micro-pests that are difficult to control and that cause damage to agricultural crops (cotton aphid, strawberry aphid, oriental flower thrips, and tobacco whitefly).

[0065] The pest control method and pest control device of this embodiment are useful as a technology for achieving integrated pest control without relying solely on chemical pesticides (insecticides) by using light irradiation technology. The pest control method and pest control device of this embodiment are expected to contribute to the further development of the agricultural industry by combining light irradiation technology with information and communication technology (ICT), artificial intelligence (AI), organic pesticides, and other technologies to realize a comprehensive pest control technology. For example, by using ICT and AI to identify priority areas for pest control before pests and diseases occur, the effectiveness of pest control can be maximized, and the use of organic pesticides in combination with light irradiation technology can be promoted to reduce the use of chemical pesticides. Furthermore, for example, it is possible to provide cutting-edge production technologies such as mobile strawberry cultivation equipment and next-generation cultivation technologies in conjunction with AI for social implementation by ordinary farmers to closed-type plant factory operators.

[0066] The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and the components can be modified and embodied in practice without departing from the spirit of the invention. Furthermore, various inventions can be formed by appropriately combining the multiple components disclosed in the above-described embodiments. For example, all of the components shown in the above-described embodiments can be appropriately combined. Naturally, various modifications and applications are possible without departing from the spirit of the invention.

[0067] In the above embodiment, strawberries have been described as an example of an attachment body of pests including at least one of thrips, whiteflies, and aphids, but the attachment body of pests may be agricultural products other than strawberries, such as tomatoes, cucumbers, spinach, asparagus, roses, etc. Furthermore, the attachment body of pests may be something other than agricultural products. [Explanation of symbols]

[0068] 1. Integrated field management system (pest and disease control device) 10 greenhouse (greenhouse) 20 Strawberry furrow (crop, appressor) 30 LED (Light Emitting Diode) light source module 40 IOT (Internet of Things) sensing devices 50 control box 51 Communications Department 52 LED drive control unit 53 Sensor drive control unit 60 Communication Device 70 Cloud Server

Claims

1. Irradiation light having a pest-suppressing function against cotton aphids or their attached bodies, which has a photon density of 6.0 x 10 19 (μmol / m 2 / sec) and consists of ultraviolet B waves with a wavelength of 308 nm, is irradiated for at least 8 consecutive days for an irradiation time of 9 hours and 30 minutes or more each day. A method for controlling pests and diseases, comprising:

2. The irradiation light is applied for at least 8 consecutive days for an irradiation time of 9 hours and 30 minutes or more, including from 21:30 on one day to 7:00 on the next day. The method for controlling pests according to claim 1 .

3. The attachment body of the pest is strawberry.

3. The method for controlling pests and diseases according to claim 1 or 2.

4. Irradiation light having a pest-suppressing function against cotton aphids or their attached bodies, which has a photon density of 6.0 x 10 19 (μmol / m 2 / sec) and is composed of ultraviolet-B waves with a wavelength of 308 nm, is irradiated for at least 8 consecutive days for an irradiation time of 9 hours and 30 minutes or more each day. A pest control device characterized by:

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