Respiratory interface

Abstract

A respiratory interface (100) for delivering gas to one of a patient's nostrils includes a gas delivery assembly having a single-sealing nasal prong (200) configured to seal against one of the patient's nostrils, a conduit (300), a conduit connector (400), and a support (500) having a headgear strap clip (503). The prong slides interchangeably against the support so that it can engage and seal against either nostril. A cuff (250, 1250) is connected to a slider member (501, 1501). In another embodiment (FIGS. 33-49), a headgear strap (2600) is coupled directly to the prong, and the strap (2600) is received between the prong (2200) including the cutout (2241) and the cuff (2250).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a breathing interface, and more particularly to a patient interface for breathing for providing a gas or fluid to a patient.

Background Art

[0002] Respiratory support devices are used to deliver a gas flow to a user or patient in various environments such as hospitals, medical facilities, home care or home environments. A respiratory support device or a respiratory therapy device (collectively "respiratory device" or "breathing device") can be used to deliver a gas flow, such as air and / or supplemental oxygen or other gases, to a user. To deliver heated and humidified gas, the breathing device may also include a humidifying device. The breathing device may enable adjustment and control of the characteristics of the gas flow including flow rate, temperature, gas concentration, humidity, pressure, etc. Sensors such as flow sensors and / or pressure sensors are used to measure the characteristics of the gas flow.

Summary of the Invention

Means for Solving the Problems

[0003] A breathing interface for delivering gas to one nostril of a patient, a single sealed nasal prong, a seal body configured to seal one of the patient's nostrils, having or including substantially opposing front and rear surfaces and substantially opposing left and right surfaces, the substantially opposing front and rear surfaces being substantially symmetric with each other, the seal body, an inlet configured to receive gas, an outlet configured to supply gas to the patient, the outlet being located at a substantially central position between the left and right sides such that the single sealed nasal prong can seal either one of the patient's nostrils, comprising, the seal body and the outlet of the single sealed nasal prong are arranged such that one of the patient's nostrils is substantially sealed and gas is supplied from the outlet to that nostril, while the other of the patient's nostrils is not sealed and does not receive a direct gas supply from the outlet, A breathing interface including a single sealed nasal prong is provided.

[0004] A respiratory interface for delivering gas to one nostril of a patient, It is a single, closed nasal prong, A seal body configured to seal one of a patient's nostrils, having or including substantially opposing front and rear surfaces and substantially opposing left and right surfaces, wherein the substantially opposing left and right surfaces are substantially symmetrical with respect to each other, An inlet configured to accept gas, An outlet configured to supply gas to a patient, the outlet being located approximately midway between the left and right sides, such that a single sealed nasal prong can seal either one of the patient's nostrils. Includes, The sealing body and outlet of a single-closed nasal prong are arranged such that one of the patient's nostrils is substantially sealed and gas is supplied to that nostril from the outlet, while the other of the patient's nostril is not sealed and does not receive direct gas supply from the outlet. A respiratory interface including is provided.

[0005] The substantially opposing front and rear surfaces are substantially symmetrical to each other, by any choice.

[0006] Optionally, the breathing interface further includes a gas delivery assembly, which includes a single sealed nasal prong.

[0007] Optionally, the gas delivery assembly further includes a conduit that is connected to or connectable to a single sealed nasal prong.

[0008] Optionally, the breathing interface further includes a headgear that is connected to or can be connected to a gas delivery assembly.

[0009] A respiratory interface for delivering gas to one nostril of a patient, A gas delivery assembly, A single sealed nasal prong having a sealing body configured to seal one of the patient's nostrils, an inlet configured to receive gas, and an outlet configured to supply gas to the patient. A conduit directly connected to a single closed nasal prong and in fluid communication with the single closed nasal prong. A gas delivery assembly having, Headgear that is connected to or can be connected to a gas delivery assembly A respiratory interface consisting of the following is provided.

[0010] A respiratory interface for delivering gas to one nostril of a patient, A gas delivery assembly, A single sealed nasal prong having a sealing body configured to seal one of the patient's nostrils, an inlet configured to receive gas, and an outlet configured to supply gas to the patient. A conduit directly connected to a single closed nasal prong and in fluid communication with the single closed nasal prong. A gas delivery assembly consisting of, Headgear that is connected to or can be connected to a gas delivery assembly A respiratory interface including is provided.

[0011] A respiratory interface for delivering gas to one nostril of a patient, A frameless gas delivery assembly, A single sealed nasal prong having a sealing body configured to seal one of the patient's nostrils, the single sealed nasal prong having an inlet configured to receive gas and an outlet configured to supply gas to the patient, Single sealed nasal prongs and fluid-communicating conduits A frameless gas delivery assembly including, Headgear that is connected to or can be connected to a gas delivery assembly A respiratory interface including is provided.

[0012] Optionally, the headgear is connected directly to the gas delivery assembly.

[0013] Optionally, the headgear is directly connected to a single, sealed nasal prong.

[0014] Optionally, the headgear is connected directly to the conduit.

[0015] Optionally, the seal body includes an entrance, an exit, and a wall defining the seal body.

[0016] The wall thickness is optionally approximately 0.7 mm to 0.8 mm.

[0017] Optionally, the breathing interface further includes an adjuster configured to isolate the single closed nasal prong from tension while still allowing the headgear to maintain its headgear retention force when the single closed nasal prong is moved from one nostril to the other.

[0018] Optionally, the adjuster includes a support.

[0019] Optionally, the support is one or more sliding members or includes one or more sliding members.

[0020] Optionally, the support or strap may be a flexible portion or include a flexible portion.

[0021] Optionally, the adjuster is coupled to a cuff supporting a single sealed nasal prong, either between headgear mechanisms or as an intermediate component of a headgear mechanism.

[0022] Optionally, the respiratory interface further includes a clip configured to removably fasten a conduit to another item associated with the patient.

[0023] Optionally, the exit is located approximately midway between the front and rear.

[0024] The opposing left and right faces are substantially symmetrical to each other, by any choice.

[0025] Optionally, the single sealed nasal prong is pivotable about an axis so that it can be oriented to fit into either of the patient's nostrils.

[0026] Optionally, the single sealed nasal prong includes a rigid portion that is or can be connected to the gas flow assembly.

[0027] Optionally, the rigid portion provides stability of the single sealed nasal prong with respect to the gas flow assembly.

[0028] Optionally, the wall thickness of the rigid portion is from about 1.5 mm to about 4 mm.

[0029] Optionally, the single sealed nasal prong includes a flexible portion configured to substantially conform to the shape of the patient's nostril.

[0030] A respiratory interface for delivering gas to one nostril of a patient, a single sealed nasal prong having a seal body configured to seal one of the patient's nostrils, an inlet configured to receive gas, and an outlet configured to supply gas to the patient, a conduit having an outlet configured to supply gas to the single sealed nasal prong, the conduit being coupled or couplable to the single sealed nasal prong such that the conduit outlet is coaxial with the inlet of the single sealed nasal prong A respiratory interface including the above is provided.

[0031] Optionally, the cross-sectional area of the conduit outlet is similar to the cross-sectional area of the prong inlet.

[0032] Optionally, the ratio of the width of the single sealed nasal prong to the length of the single sealed nasal prong is from about 0.4 to about 0.9.

[0033] Optionally, the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the prong outlet to the cross-sectional area of the conduit outlet 305 is about 0.72.

[0034] Optionally, the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the prong outlet to the cross-sectional area of the base of the seal is about 0.33.

[0035] Optionally, the prong outlet is located approximately centered relative to the conduit outlet.

[0036] Optionally, a single sealed nasal prong includes a flexible sealing portion.

[0037] Optionally, a single, sealed nasal prong may include a rigid joint.

[0038] Optionally, the rigid joint is integrated with a single, sealed nasal prong.

[0039] Optionally, the seal body includes an entrance, an exit, and a wall defining the seal body.

[0040] The wall thickness is optionally approximately 0.7 mm to 0.8 mm.

[0041] Optionally, the breathing interface further includes a cuff having a prong connector, and a single closed nasal prong is accepted or can be accepted by the prong connector of the cuff.

[0042] Optionally, the rigid joint is connected to the cuff.

[0043] Optionally, the rigid joint includes an inlet for a single sealed nasal prong.

[0044] Optionally, the gas path from the conduit to the prong outlet is substantially straight.

[0045] Optionally, a single sealed nasal prong and conduit assembly form a continuous gas pathway.

[0046] Optionally, a single sealed nasal prong and conduit assembly form a direct fluid coupling.

[0047] Optionally, the conduit assembly includes a conduit and a conduit connector that facilitates the coupling between the conduit and the cuff.

[0048] Optionally, the inner surface of the rigid portion includes undercuts or recesses, and the cuff includes complementary grooves, and the undercuts or recesses and complementary grooves interact with each other to connect the prongs to the conduit.

[0049] Optionally, the cuff may include a headgear attachment hook.

[0050] Optionally, the rigid portion includes a cutout or recess configured to receive a portion of the headgear strap.

[0051] Optionally, the cuff includes teeth configured to grasp and hold a portion of the headgear strap.

[0052] Optionally, the conduit and prong configurations are configured to reduce flow resistance.

[0053] A respiratory interface for delivering gas to one nostril of a patient, A single sealed nasal prong having a sealing body configured to seal one of the patient's nostrils, an inlet configured to receive gas, and an outlet configured to supply gas to the patient. A single-closed nasal prong is configured such that the single-closed nasal prong is removable from the first nostril without being removed from the breathing interface, and can be positioned in the patient's other nostril to seal the other nostril. A respiratory interface including is provided.

[0054] Optionally, the breathing interface may further include a headgear, and the headgear may include an adjuster.

[0055] Optionally, the headgear may include a single strap or branched straps.

[0056] Optionally, the headgear may include an extendable portion.

[0057] Optionally, the headgear may include a non-extendable portion.

[0058] Optionally, the non-stretchable portion has stretchable portions on each side.

[0059] Optionally, the adjuster includes a sliding member that allows for prong adjustment independently of the head strap.

[0060] Optionally, a single, closed nasal prong is a movable prong.

[0061] Optionally, a single sealed nasal prong is movable between two positions.

[0062] Optionally, a single sealing prong is rotatable from a first position where the prong seals the patient's first nostril to a second position where the prong seals the patient's second nostril.

[0063] Optionally, a single, closed nasal prong may be rotatable around a pivot point or around a vertical axis.

[0064] Optionally, the pivot point is located between the first and second locations.

[0065] Optionally, the first location is on the first region of the manifold, and the second location is on the second region of the manifold.

[0066] Optionally, the first and second locations on the first region of the manifold are on the same region of the manifold.

[0067] Optionally, when the prong outlet is in the first position, it extends at a first angle to correspond to the angle of the first nostril, and when the prong outlet is in the second position, it extends at a second angle to correspond to the angle of the second nostril.

[0068] Optionally, the manifold includes a first outlet corresponding to a first location of the prong and a second outlet corresponding to a second location of the prong.

[0069] Optionally, the breathing interface further includes a stopper configured to seal a second opening when a single sealed nasal prong is in a first position, and to seal the first opening when a single sealed nasal prong is in a second position.

[0070] Optionally, the stopper is integrated with the prongs and configured to rotate when the prongs rotate.

[0071] Optionally, the respiratory interface further includes a tether connecting a stopper to the respiratory interface.

[0072] Optionally, the seal body has opposing left and right sides, and the prong outlet is positioned approximately midway between the left and right sides so that a single sealing nasal prong can seal either one of the patient's nostrils.

[0073] Optionally, the seal body has opposing front and rear surfaces, and the prong outlet is positioned approximately midway between the front and rear surfaces so that a single sealing nasal prong can seal each of the patient's nostrils regardless of its vertical orientation.

[0074] A respiratory interface for delivering gas to one nostril of a patient, A body having a pair of side arms configured to provide interface stability on the patient's cheek, Single closed nasal prongs, A manifold having a single inlet for receiving gas from a gas source and an outlet for delivering the gas to a single sealed nasal prong. Includes, A single closed nasal prong is provided, which is positioned so that one of the patient's nostrils is substantially sealed and gas is supplied to that nostril from the outlet, while the other of the patient's nostrils is not sealed and does not receive direct gas supply from the outlet.

[0075] Optionally, the manifold is a separate component from the side arm, and the side arm is either connectable to or connectable to the manifold.

[0076] Optionally, the side arms include a headgear attachment function.

[0077] Optionally, the conduit clip can engage with or be engaged with a conduit.

[0078] A respiratory interface for delivering gas to one nostril of a patient, A single sealed nasal prong having a sealing body configured to seal one of the patient's nostrils, an inlet configured to receive gas, and an outlet configured to supply gas to the patient, A support for a single-closed nasal prong strap, wherein the single-closed nasal prong is translationally translatable relative to the support and interchangeably accepted by the patient's nostril, and the single-closed nasal prong remains coupled to the support. Headgear that is connected to or can be connected to a support A respiratory interface including is provided.

[0079] Optionally, the support may include a sliding member.

[0080] Optionally, the support may include two sliding members.

[0081] Optionally, the sliding member can be shaped or adapted so that it substantially follows or adapts to the contours of the patient's face.

[0082] Optionally, the sliding member includes a pre-formed profile.

[0083] Optionally, the pre-formed profile includes a pre-curved or rounded profile that substantially follows or adapts to the contour of the patient's face, or the curve or profile is substantially convex to the patient's face.

[0084] Optionally, the preformed profile may include one or more configurations of approximately 120° of a circle, approximately one-third of a circle, or an arc shape.

[0085] Optionally, the preformed profile includes a length and / or precurve length ranging from approximately 70 mm to approximately 110 mm.

[0086] Optionally, profiles with pre-curve or rounded edges include a range length or pre-curve length of approximately 90 mm.

[0087] Optionally, the breathing interface further includes a clip at the end portion of the sliding member that is coupled to or can be coupled to the headgear.

[0088] Optionally, the strap can be attached to or attached to a single sealed nasal prong.

[0089] Optionally, the strap is detachably attached to a single sealed nasal prong.

[0090] Optionally, the headgear may consist of a single strap or a branched strap.

[0091] Optionally, at least one end of the headgear includes a strap attachment.

[0092] Optionally, the strap attachment is a substantially hollow body comprising an internal wall, the internal wall comprising an internal wall for defining a channel between them, comprising an open end and a terminal end, the open end defining an opening to a channel and for receiving the free end of a head strap, and the terminal end defining the substantially distal end of the channel of the open end, the channel providing a path extending between the open end and the terminal end, through which the head strap passes; comprising at least one first projection extending substantially toward an opposing internal wall or toward the channel defined by at least an opposing side wall, from a base attached to the internal wall to a tip of the substantially hollow body, the internal wall The tip is configured to engage with at least a portion or surface of the head strap received within the channel, the tip is configured to substantially allow the head strap to pass through the channel and along a path from the opening end to the end, and the tip is configured to substantially resist the head strap being removed from or pulled out of the channel in a direction extending from the end to the opening end of the substantially hollow body, the tip of at least one first projection is positioned at a predetermined distance from the opposing inner wall, the predetermined distance being a function of the thickness of the head strap received within the channel.

[0093] Optionally, the strap attachment comprises two or more walls defining a channel, the channel comprising two or more walls configured to receive the end of a head strap, a first set of projections including at least one first projection extending substantially toward or into the channel from a first wall of the strap attachment, the first projection including a distal end, the distal end of which is configured to engage with a portion of the head strap and prevent the end of the head strap received in the channel from being dislodged from the channel, the distal end of the first projection being spaced apart from a second opposing wall of the channel, the distance being provided as a function of the thickness of the head strap received in the channel.

[0094] Optionally, the strap attachment comprises two or more walls defining a channel, the channel comprising two or more walls configured to receive the end of a head strap, a first set of protrusions comprising at least one first projection, and a second set of protrusions comprising at least one second projection, the first set of protrusions and the second set of protrusions extending into the channel from opposing walls of the strap attachment, the at least one first projection of the first set of protrusions and the at least one second projection of the second set of protrusions comprising a distal end, the distal end of which is configured to engage with a portion of the head strap and to prevent the end of the head strap received into the channel from coming off, and the distal end of at least one first projection and the distal end of at least one second projection tapering toward a tapered end or apex, or comprising a tapered end or apex.

[0095] Optionally, the strap attachment comprises two or more walls defining a channel, the channel comprising two or more walls configured to receive the end of a head strap, a first set of protrusions comprising at least one first protrusion, and a second set of protrusions comprising at least one second protrusion, wherein the first set of protrusions and the second set of protrusions define a curved or meandering path through which the end of the head strap is received, and at least one first protrusion of the first set of protrusions and at least one second protrusion of the second set of protrusions have distal ends that engage with a portion of the head strap and include distal ends for preventing the end of the head strap received in the channel from coming off, and the distal ends of at least one first protrusion and at least one second protrusion are tapered toward a tapered end or apex, or include a tapered end or apex.

[0096] Optionally, the strap attachment may include a strap end or ferrule.

[0097] Optionally, at least one end of the headgear is accepted into a channel of the strap attachment, and once accepted, at least one end of the headgear follows a defined path within the channel of the strap attachment, such as an optionally substantially meandering path.

[0098] Optionally, the strap attachment includes a plurality of protrusions, the plurality of protrusions including a first set of protrusions and a second set of protrusions, and the first and second sets of protrusions are arranged on opposing surfaces of the channel.

[0099] Optionally, the first set of protrusions and the second set of protrusions are arranged to be offset from each other in an opposing configuration, such as being optionally offset laterally.

[0100] Optionally, the projection is configured to extend toward the end of the strap attachment opposite the head strap insertion end of the strap attachment.

[0101] Optionally, at least one projection tapers toward a tapered end, tip, or apex.

[0102] Optionally, the strap attachment includes an opening through which the headgear is inserted into the channel.

[0103] Optionally, the opening includes a retractable feature.

[0104] Optionally, the retractable feature includes a substantially rounded lip for housing or receiving the headgear.

[0105] Optionally, the seal body has opposing left and right sides, and the prong opening is located in the middle between the left and right sides so that a single sealing nasal prong can be adjusted to seal either one of the nostrils and provide treatment to the patient.

[0106] Optionally, the seal body has opposing front and rear surfaces, and the prong exit is located midway between the front and rear surfaces so that a single sealing nasal prong can be inserted regardless of its vertical orientation.

[0107] A respiratory interface for delivering gas to one nostril of a patient, A single sealed nasal prong having a sealing body configured to seal one of the patient's nostrils, an inlet configured to receive gas, and an outlet configured to supply gas to the patient. Cuff including prong attachment Includes, A single, closed nasal prong is provided, which is accepted or can be accepted by the prong junction of the cuff, providing a breathing interface.

[0108] Optionally, the cuff includes a conduit connector that is or can be connected to a conduit assembly.

[0109] Optionally, the single, closed nasal prong may include an undercut or recess, and the cuff may include a complementary groove.

[0110] Optionally, the portion of a single, sealed nasal prong that is accepted or acceptable by the cuff is a rigid portion.

[0111] Optionally, a portion of the conduit is threaded for engagement with the cuff.

[0112] Optionally, the single-closed nasal prong junction and conduit junction of the cuff are integrated with the cuff.

[0113] Optionally, the single-closed nasal prong junction and the conduit junction of the cuff are separate components.

[0114] Optionally, the cuff's prong connection includes a shape that generally corresponds to the shape of a single, closed nasal prong.

[0115] Optionally, the prong attachment of the cuff is substantially elliptical or oblong.

[0116] Optionally, the conduit outlet is aligned with the cuff opening, and the cuff opening is further aligned with the prong inlet and prong outlet, maintaining a substantially straight gas path from the conduit to a single sealed nasal prong.

[0117] Optionally, the conduit outlet, cuff opening, and prong inlet may have similar diameters.

[0118] Optionally, the headgear attachment includes a ring attached to the cuff.

[0119] Optionally, the inner surface of a single sealed nasal prong has one or more cutouts on the inside for receiving a portion of the head strap.

[0120] Optionally, the headgear attachment includes one or more teeth on the inner surface of the cuff.

[0121] Optionally, the head strap is held in place by friction fitting.

[0122] Optionally, the head strap is attached to the prongs by glue, welding, protrusions and / or clips.

[0123] Optionally, the headgear includes a sliding member.

[0124] Optionally, the sliding member is coupled to or can be coupled to the cuff by a clip.

[0125] Optionally, the sliding member may be detachably coupled to or detachably coupled to the cuff.

[0126] Optionally, the sliding member isolates the movement of the single sealed nose prong from the headgear.

[0127] Optionally, the sliding member includes a headgear attachment area at or near each end.

[0128] Optionally, the sliding member may be a single sliding member or a pair of sliding members.

[0129] Optionally, the sliding member can be shaped or adapted so that it substantially follows or adapts to the contours of the patient's face.

[0130] Optionally, the sliding member includes a pre-formed profile.

[0131] Optionally, the pre-formed profile includes a pre-curved or rounded profile that substantially follows or adapts to the contour of the patient's face, or the curve or profile is substantially convex to the patient's face.

[0132] Optionally, the preformed profile may include one or more configurations of approximately 120° of a circle, approximately one-third of a circle, or an arc shape.

[0133] Optionally, the preformed profile includes a length and / or precurve length ranging from approximately 70 mm to approximately 110 mm.

[0134] Optionally, profiles with pre-curve or rounded edges include a range length or pre-curve length of approximately 90 mm.

[0135] Optionally, the headgear may include a single strap or branched straps.

[0136] Optionally, at least one end of the headgear includes a strap attachment.

[0137] Optionally, the strap attachment is a substantially hollow body comprising an internal wall, the internal wall comprising an internal wall for defining a channel between them, comprising an open end and a terminal end, the open end defining an opening to a channel and for receiving the free end of a head strap, and the terminal end defining the substantially distal end of the channel of the open end, the channel providing a path extending between the open end and the terminal end, through which the head strap passes; comprising at least one first projection extending substantially toward an opposing internal wall or toward the channel defined by at least an opposing side wall, from a base attached to the internal wall to a tip of the substantially hollow body, the internal wall The tip is configured to engage with at least a portion or surface of the head strap received within the channel, the tip is configured to substantially allow the head strap to pass through the channel and along a path from the opening end to the end, and the tip is configured to substantially resist the head strap being removed from or pulled out of the channel in a direction extending from the end to the opening end of the substantially hollow body, the tip of at least one first projection is positioned at a predetermined distance from the opposing inner wall, the predetermined distance being a function of the thickness of the head strap received within the channel.

[0138] Optionally, the strap attachment comprises two or more walls defining a channel, the channel comprising two or more walls configured to receive the end of a head strap, a first set of projections including at least one first projection extending substantially toward or into the channel from a first wall of the strap attachment, the first projection including a distal end, the distal end of which is configured to engage with a portion of the head strap and prevent the end of the head strap received in the channel from being dislodged from the channel, the distal end of the first projection being spaced apart from a second opposing wall of the channel, the distance being provided as a function of the thickness of the head strap received in the channel.

[0139] Optionally, the strap attachment comprises two or more walls defining a channel, the channel comprising two or more walls configured to receive the end of a head strap, a first set of protrusions comprising at least one first projection, and a second set of protrusions comprising at least one second projection, the first set of protrusions and the second set of protrusions extending into the channel from opposing walls of the strap attachment, the at least one first projection of the first set of protrusions and the at least one second projection of the second set of protrusions comprising a distal end, the distal end of which is configured to engage with a portion of the head strap and to prevent the end of the head strap received into the channel from coming off, and the distal end of at least one first projection and the distal end of at least one second projection tapering toward a tapered end or apex, or comprising a tapered end or apex.

[0140] Optionally, the strap attachment comprises two or more walls defining a channel, the channel comprising two or more walls configured to receive the end of a head strap, a first set of protrusions comprising at least one first protrusion, and a second set of protrusions comprising at least one second protrusion, wherein the first set of protrusions and the second set of protrusions define a curved or meandering path through which the end of the head strap is received, and at least one first protrusion of the first set of protrusions and at least one second protrusion of the second set of protrusions have distal ends that engage with a portion of the head strap and include distal ends for preventing the end of the head strap received in the channel from coming off, and the distal ends of at least one first protrusion and at least one second protrusion are tapered toward a tapered end or apex, or include a tapered end or apex.

[0141] Optionally, the strap attachment may include a strap end or ferrule.

[0142] Optionally, at least one end of the headgear is accepted into a channel of the strap attachment, and once accepted, at least one end of the headgear follows a defined path within the channel of the strap attachment, such as an optionally substantially meandering path.

[0143] Optionally, the strap attachment includes a plurality of protrusions, the plurality of protrusions including a first set of protrusions and a second set of protrusions, and the first and second sets of protrusions are arranged on opposing surfaces of the channel.

[0144] Optionally, the first set of protrusions and the second set of protrusions are arranged to be offset from each other in an opposing configuration, such as being optionally offset laterally.

[0145] Optionally, the projection is configured to extend toward the end of the strap attachment opposite the head strap insertion end of the strap attachment.

[0146] Optionally, at least one projection tapers toward a tapered end, tip, or apex.

[0147] Optionally, the strap attachment includes an opening through which the headgear is inserted into the channel.

[0148] Optionally, the opening includes a retractable feature.

[0149] Optionally, the retractable feature includes a substantially rounded lip for housing or receiving the headgear.

[0150] A respiratory interface for delivering gas to one nostril of a patient, It is a single, closed nasal prong, An inlet configured to accept gas, An outlet configured to supply gas to the patient, A seal body having a wall defining the outer surface of a single sealed nasal prong. Includes, The sealing body and outlet of the single-seal nasal prong are positioned such that one of the patient's nostrils is substantially sealed and gas is supplied to that nostril from the outlet, while the other of the patient's nostril is not sealed and does not receive direct gas supply from the outlet. The respiratory interface is configured to provide respiratory flow therapy to the patient through a single, closed nasal prong, and the respiratory flow is provided to cause airway flushing and eliminate dead space within the airway.

[0151] Optionally, the wall is configured to have a stationary shape and to substantially maintain that stationary shape when inserted into the patient's nostril.

[0152] Optionally, the gas flowing through the gas passage causes the outer surface of a single sealed nasal prong to seal one of the patient's nostrils. The gas flowing inside the prong expands the prong wall, allowing it to seal the user's nostril.

[0153] Optionally, the wall defines the entrance, the exit, and the seal body.

[0154] The wall thickness is optionally approximately 0.7 mm to 0.8 mm.

[0155] Optionally, the cross-section of the prong outlet is approximately oval.

[0156] Optionally, the cross-section of the prong outlet is elliptical.

[0157] Optionally, the cross-section of the outlet has a minor radius of approximately 1 mm to 3 mm and a major radius of approximately 4 mm to 24 mm.

[0158] Optionally, the cross-section of the outlet has a minor radius of approximately 1 mm to 3 mm and a major radius of approximately 5 mm to 10 mm.

[0159] Optionally, the minor axis is approximately 2 mm and the major axis is approximately 7 mm.

[0160] Optionally, the seal body is tapered inward from the inlet to the outlet.

[0161] Optionally, the cross-sectional area of ​​the prong exit is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the prong inlet.

[0162] Optionally, a single closed nasal prong is configured to provide an exhalation pressure of 3.5 cmH2O to 16 cmH2O.

[0163] Optionally, a single closed nasal prong is configured to provide an exhalation pressure of 3.5 cmH2O to 20 cmH2O.

[0164] Optionally, the outer surface of the seal body tapers inward from the inlet end to the outlet end.

[0165] Optionally, the outer surface of the seal body is curved outwards.

[0166] Optionally, the flow rate is controlled to generate a desired pressure for inhalation and exhalation.

[0167] Optionally, the flow rate is reduced during exhalation to lower the expiratory pressure.

[0168] Optionally, the respiratory interface is configured so that the expiratory pressure is approximately 5–6 cmH2O.

[0169] Optionally, the respiratory interface is configured so that the expiratory airway pressure is approximately 5–8 cmH2O.

[0170] Optionally, the outlet is configured such that the gas delivered from the outlet causes the flushing out of dead space gas through an unsealed nostril.

[0171] Optionally, a single nasal prong is interchangeable between nostrils.

[0172] Optionally, the breathing interface further includes one or more sliding members that allow for prong adjustment independently of head strap adjustment.

[0173] Optionally, the breathing interface further includes a conduit configured to deliver gas directly to a single, sealed nasal prong without passing through any other component.

[0174] Optionally, the cross-section of the prong inlet is substantially the same as the cross-section of the conduit outlet.

[0175] Optionally, the cross-section of the entrance is substantially similar to the cross-section of the proximal conduit in the patient.

[0176] Optionally, the gas path from the conduit to the prong outlet is substantially straight.

[0177] Optionally, a single, closed nasal prong and conduit form a continuous gas pathway.

[0178] Optionally, a single, closed nasal prong and a conduit form a direct fluid connection.

[0179] An inlet configured to accept gas, An outlet configured to supply gas to a patient, having a substantially oval cross-section, A seal body having a wall defining the outer surface of a single sealing nasal prong, wherein the outer surface of the single sealing nasal prong is curved outward and tapers inward from the inlet end to the outlet end, A single closed nasal prong including, The wall demarcates the gas passage between the entrance and the exit. A single-seal nasal prong is provided, in which the gas flowing through the gas passage causes the outer surface of the single-seal nasal prong to seal one of the patient's nostrils.

[0180] Optionally, the other nostril is on the left side.

[0181] Optionally, the cross-sectional area of ​​the prong exit is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the prong inlet.

[0182] Optionally, the sealing body and outlet of a single sealed nasal prong are positioned such that one of the patient's nostrils is substantially sealed and gas is supplied to that nostril from the outlet, while the other of the patient's nostrils is not sealed and does not receive direct gas supply from the outlet.

[0183] Optionally, the seal body includes an entrance, an exit, and a wall defining the seal body.

[0184] The wall thickness is optionally approximately 0.7 mm to 0.8 mm.

[0185] Optionally, the prongs may have a sealed section and a connecting section.

[0186] Optionally, the joint is more rigid than the sealed section.

[0187] Optionally, the coupling portion has a lip that engages with or can engage with the conduit cuff.

[0188] Optionally, the lip has an undercut to receive a groove from the conduit portion.

[0189] Optionally, the prong opening is positioned relative to the prong body so that the prong can be adjusted to seal either one of the nostrils and provide treatment to the user.

[0190] Optionally, a single sealed nasal prong is interchangeable between the user's nostrils.

[0191] Optionally, a single closed nasal prong is configured to provide an exhalation pressure of 3.5 cmH2O to 16 cmH2O.

[0192] Optionally, the cross-section of the prong inlet is substantially the same as the cross-section of the conduit outlet.

[0193] Selectively, the ratio of the length of a single closed nasal prong to the width of a single closed nasal prong is approximately 1.52 to 1.59.

[0194] Optionally, the ratio of the cross-sectional area of ​​the prong outlet to the cross-sectional area of ​​the conduit outlet 305 is approximately 0.72.

[0195] Optionally, the ratio of the cross-sectional area of ​​the prong outlet to the cross-sectional area of ​​the seal base is approximately 0.33.

[0196] Optionally, the prong outlet is located approximately in the center of the conduit outlet.

[0197] Optionally, a single sealed nasal prong includes a flexible sealing portion.

[0198] Optionally, a single, sealed nasal prong may include a rigid joint.

[0199] Optionally, the wall thickness of the rigid joint is approximately 1.5 mm to 4 mm.

[0200] Optionally, the prong opening is located in the center of the prong body in a horizontal orientation, allowing the prong to be adjusted to seal either one of the nostrils and provide treatment to the user.

[0201] Optionally, the prong exit is located in the center of the prong body in both the horizontal and vertical directions, so that the prong can be inserted regardless of its vertical orientation.

[0202] Optionally, the seal body is substantially symmetrical with respect to the vertical axis.

[0203] Optionally, the seal body is substantially symmetrical with respect to the horizontal axis.

[0204] A breathing interface is provided to provide a gas flow rate to remove dead space, and the breathing interface consists of the following:

[0205] A respiratory interface for delivering gas to one nostril of a patient, A gas delivery assembly, A single sealing nasal prong having a sealing body configured to seal only one of the patient's nostrils, an inlet configured to receive gas, and an outlet configured to supply gas to the patient. A conduit directly connected to a single closed nasal prong and in fluid communication with the single closed nasal prong. A gas delivery assembly consisting of, Headgear that is connected to or can be connected to a gas delivery assembly A respiratory interface including is provided.

[0206] The gas delivery assembly further includes a support, which includes a pair of opposite clips for connecting to a corresponding clip attached to the headgear.

[0207] Advantageously, the technology disclosed herein provides a single nasal prong gas delivery member for delivering gas therapy to a patient. The single nasal prong may be incorporated as part of a respiratory interface that can be worn by the patient or supported on the patient.

[0208] A single nasal prong may be configured to seal or partially seal the patient or nostril to which the nasal prong is associated.

[0209] Whether the nasal prongs should be sealed or partially sealed may depend on the gas therapy to be delivered to the patient. The degree of sealing or partial sealing may depend on the nasal prong design or shape, or other comfort or fit or other patient comfort features that may be provided as part of the characteristics of the therapy type. Compared to non-sealed prongs, these prongs provide a degree of sealing and increase expiratory pressure.

[0210] A respiratory interface for delivering gas to one nostril of a patient. The respiratory interface includes one or a pair of side arms, which may be attachable or detachably connectable, and which may be integrated with a headgear member. The respiratory interface further includes a frame or bridging member for positioning or supporting a single nasal prong. The frame or bridging member is substantially positionable in a region below the patient's septum or substantially provided to provide a single nasal prong operationally provided for delivering gas to the patient's nostril.

[0211] The frame or bridging member is configured to allow translation, rotation, or other positioning of the single nasal prong to one or more nostrils of a patient, and the single nasal prong may be adjustablely positionable around the frame or bridging member, and is positioned to deliver gas to one nostril or to be movable from one nostril of the patient to the other nostril of the patient.

[0212] A single nasal prong may be translated along or around the frame or bridging member, or may be rotatable relative to the frame or bridging member, in order to adjust the orientation of the nasal prong with respect to the patient and each of the patient's nostrils.

[0213] The breathing interface includes a base frame and nasal prongs (and optionally a headgear or connectable or attachable headgear), the nasal prongs being laterally adjustable relative to the base frame.

[0214] A method for configuring a gas outlet location from a respiratory interface for supplying gas to a patient, wherein the outlet is provided by a gas delivery member in the form of nasal prongs, the nasal prongs being adjustable between substantially left and substantially right positions with respect to the patient's nostrils and to the location of the rest of the respiratory interface with which the nasal prongs fluidly communicate.

[0215] In some configurations, the respiratory interface includes a single-close nasal prong, which includes a sealing body configured to seal one of the patient's nostrils. The sealing body may have opposing front and rear surfaces and opposing left and right surfaces. The opposing front and rear surfaces may be substantially symmetrical to each other. When viewed from above, the opposing front and rear surfaces may be symmetrical about a vertical plane. The single-close nasal prong may have an inlet configured to receive gas and an outlet configured to supply gas to the patient. When the prong is in the working position, the inlet of the prong may be distal to the external nostril, and the outlet may be proximal. The outlet may be located approximately midway between the left and right surfaces so that the single-close nasal prong can seal either of the patient's nostrils. The central position of the single-close nasal prong may be such that the center of the outlet is equidistant from the outer surface of the prong. The outer surface may be considered the maximum peripheral area of ​​the prong. In other words, when viewed from above, the outlet of the prong may be at the center of the outer surface of the prong body. The exits can be positioned such that the prongs can be symmetrical with respect to at least two orthogonal vertical planes passing through them.

[0216] The position of the prong outlet allows for the use of a single-seal nasal prong regardless of the orientation of the nostrils, enabling the prong to seal either nostril. Human nostrils are angled toward each other, and the prong can be shaped and configured to seal either nostril. The seal body and outlet of the single-seal nasal prong can be positioned so that one of the patient's nostrils is substantially sealed and gas is supplied to that nostril from the outlet, while the other nostril is not sealed and does not receive direct gas supply from the gas supply unit of the respiratory system, of which the outlet or respiratory interface is part. A centrally located outlet helps allow the prong to engage with and seal either the user's left or right nostril. The prong may be shaped to fit into and substantially close either the user's right or left nostril. For example, the prong can be positioned or placed on the patient's face in two different orientations. That is, the interface can rotate itself 180 degrees and still fit properly to the patient for proper prong engagement with the patient's nostril. The central prong exit position can also be configured to fit the interface to or engage with the nostrils when rotated approximately 180 degrees, and therefore, when placed on the patient's face, it can be considered orientation-independent, provided that one or more sliding members (e.g., articles 501, 1501) extend substantially horizontally or in a plane across the face. In some configurations, the prongs can be configured to fit the interface to or engage with the nostrils when rotated approximately 180 degrees, and therefore, when placed on the patient's face while still attached to a support (e.g., support 500) or without being removed, detached, or separated from the support (e.g., support 500), it can be considered orientation-independent.In some configurations, the prongs or interface can be configured to allow the prongs to remain attached to or without being removed from the support (e.g., support 500), to fit into or interchangeably into the left or right nostril of a patient, for example, if the prongs are translatable relative to the support, or if the prongs are in a fixed position relative to the support, the interface can allow the prongs to be inverted and positioned into or into a desired nostril.

[0217] The breathing interfaces described herein may include conduits for transporting gas to the prongs. The conduits may be unheated and permeable. These conduits may allow some water vapor to escape through the walls of the conduit. Permeable conduits may allow excess water vapor to escape from the gas flow to prevent condensation within the conduit. The conduits may include permeable walls or permeable sections within the walls of the conduit.

[0218] In an alternative configuration, the conduit may include a heater wire placed within the conduit. The heater wire may be located within the lumen of the conduit, or alternatively, incorporated into the wall of the conduit. The heater wire is configured to heat the gas within the conduit.

[0219] In one embodiment, a breathing interface for supplying gas to a user, It has a single nasal prong, A seal body configured to seal one of the user's external nostrils (i.e., nostrils), the seal body including an arched wall defining a gas passage, An inlet configured to receive gas into the seal body, An outlet configured to supply gas to the user's nostrils. Single nasal prongs Includes, The entrance and exit are defined on the seal itself. The outlet is a breathing interface located in the center of the seal body when viewed from above the interface.

[0220] The breathing interface includes a headgear, which is configured to attach the interface to the user's head in the operating position. The breathing interface includes a gas supply conduit that fluidly communicates with a single nasal prong to supply gas to the prong. The operating position of the interface is when the single prong is inserted into the user's nostril.

[0221] When viewed from above, the exit point is centrally located relative to the outer profile of the prong.

[0222] The exit point is located in the center relative to the left, right, front, and rear sides of the seal body.

[0223] The exit is symmetrical with respect to a vertical plane extending from the front to the rear of the prong, and extends inward. The exit is symmetrical with respect to a vertical plane extending from the left to the right of the prong, and also extending inward.

[0224] The exit can be symmetrical with respect to the vertical and horizontal axes of the prongs.

[0225] The centrally located exit allows the prongs to be independent of the orientation or direction of the nostrils. The centrally located exit of the seal body allows the prongs to be used in the user's left or right nostril. As mentioned above, the prongs can be positioned or placed on the patient's face in two different orientations. That is, the interface can rotate itself 180 degrees and still be properly fitted to the patient for proper prong engagement with the patient's nostrils.

[0226] The arched wall includes a flexible region and a rigid region, the flexible region extending away from the rigid region, and the flexible region of the arched wall is configured to bend or elastically deform to conform to the user's nostrils and form a seal with the nostrils.

[0227] The breathing interface includes a cuff, and the prongs are connected to the cuff.

[0228] The respiratory interface includes a conduit and a conduit connector, the conduit being connected to the conduit connector, and the cuff being connected to the conduit connector and prongs.

[0229] The cuff is configured to facilitate fluid coupling between the conduit connector and the prongs, allowing gas to flow from the conduit through the conduit connector to the prongs.

[0230] The breathing interface includes a support, the prongs are supported by the support, and the support is configured to allow the prongs to translate along the support relative to the user's nostrils.

[0231] The support comprises one or more sliding members and a clip positioned at one end of either of the sliding members. The headgear clip is configured to engage with a corresponding clip coupled to a headgear strap. The headgear strap is used to mount the interface over the user's face in the operating position. Alternatively, the support comprises one or more sliding members, and the headgear strap may be directly attached to or connected to the ends of the sliding members. For example, the headgear strap may be directly welded or glued to the sliding members, or attached by other means, or threaded directly through a buckle without a clip.

[0232] One or more sliding members extend laterally. In one embodiment, the support includes a pair of sliding members, which are arranged parallel to each other. The sliding members terminate in headgear clips at both ends of the sliding members.

[0233] The cuff engages with a support and is movable along and relative to the support. When in use, the cuff is movable relative to the user's nose and / or face.

[0234] In one embodiment, it is a respiratory interface, A single nasal prong configured to engage with and at least partially occlude the user's nostrils. A conduit that communicates with a single nasal prong to supply respiratory gas to the single nasal prong, A cuff, which is connected to a prong and also to a conduit. Headgear configured to attach an interface to the patient's head Includes, The interface provides a breathing interface that causes the removal of dead space in the user's airway and delivers breathing gas at a flow rate that creates expiratory airway pressure within the patient's airway.

[0235] The respiratory interface is configured to supply respiratory gas at a flow rate that flushes carbon dioxide or exhaled gas out of the patient's airway.

[0236] The respiratory interface is configured to deliver respiratory gas at a flow rate such that the respiratory gas reaches the nasopharynx and / or oropharynx. The respiratory gas flow is delivered through one nostril, while the other nostril remains open, providing an exhaled gas pathway to allow the exhaled gas to escape as it is flushed out.

[0237] The breathing interface is configured to deliver gas at a flow rate equal to or exceeding the maximum inspiratory demand. Alternatively, the breathing interface delivers gas at a flow rate lower than the user's maximum inspiratory demand, but still provides flushing, dead space removal, and some expiratory airway pressure.

[0238] In another embodiment, a medical tube component, Conduit connectors and cuffs Includes, The conduit connector includes a thread, and the thread includes at least one discontinuous region. The cuff includes at least one projection configured to interact with the discontinuous region when engaged with the conduit in a first direction, A medical tubing component is provided, wherein, when engaged with the thread in a second direction, the at least one projection is configured to engage with at least a portion of the thread that extends beyond or away from the discontinuous region.

[0239] The first direction may be provided by the application of a first force or a first motion.

[0240] The second direction may be provided by the application of a second force or a second motion.

[0241] The first direction and the second direction can be different.

[0242] The first direction and the second direction may be substantially transverse to each other.

[0243] The first direction may substantially coincide with the axial direction of the conduit connector.

[0244] The second direction may be substantially transverse with respect to the axial direction of the conduit connector.

[0245] The second direction may be rotation to engage the at least one projection onto the screw thread.

[0246] The second direction may be the axial rotation of the cuff with respect to the axial direction of the conduit.

[0247] When the protrusion moves in the second direction, it may engage with or become engaged with the threads.

[0248] The projection may be configured to engage with the threads when a force or motion is applied in a second direction, thereby restraining or locking the cuff to or on the conduit connector at least partially.

[0249] When engaged, the projection can substantially restrain or prevent the relative axial movement or displacement between the cuff and the conduit connector.

[0250] The cuff can be rotated by more than approximately 5° from the aforementioned discontinuity region.

[0251] The cuff can be rotated by more than approximately 10° from the aforementioned discontinuous region.

[0252] The cuff can be rotated approximately 10° to 160° from the aforementioned discontinuous region.

[0253] The cuff can be rotated approximately 90° from the aforementioned discontinuous region.

[0254] The cuff can be rotated by more than approximately 170° from the aforementioned discontinuous region.

[0255] The opening of the cuff may have an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the conduit connector.

[0256] The cuff may include a plurality of the aforementioned protrusions.

[0257] The cuff may include two or more protrusions.

[0258] The screw thread may include multiple such discontinuous regions.

[0259] The screw thread may include two or more of the aforementioned discontinuous regions.

[0260] The number of discontinuous regions and the number of protrusions may coincide or be equal to each other.

[0261] The cuff can be rotated approximately 90° from the aforementioned discontinuous region.

[0262] The nasal prongs may be connectable to the conduit connector.

[0263] The nasal prongs can be connected to the conduit connector.

[0264] When the cuff is substantially engaged with the threads, the cuff may abut or contact a portion of the nasal prongs.

[0265] Nasal prongs or parts thereof may be formed from a relatively soft or substantially compliant material.

[0266] When the cuff engages with the threads, the cuff can at least partially compress a portion of the nasal prongs.

[0267] A portion of the nasal prong can be at least partially compressed when the cuff engages with the threads.

[0268] When the cuff engages with the threads, a friction-fit type engagement between the cuff and the nasal prong can be provided.

[0269] The cuff can be detachably attached to the conduit connector.

[0270] The cuff may be detachable from the conduit connector.

[0271] The cuff may be able to engage with the first thread of the conduit connector.

[0272] The cuff may be able to engage with the first threaded portion and the second threaded portion of the conduit connector.

[0273] The protrusion can engage with the threaded portion distal to the end of the conduit connector.

[0274] The protrusion may engage with a portion of the threads proximal to the end of a conduit connector that can be connected to the nasal prongs.

[0275] The projection may engage with the portion of the threads closest to or substantially adjacent to the nasal prong, such that the conduit can be attached or connected by thread to the threads of a conduit connector adjacent to the cuff.

[0276] The protruding part may be a tab.

[0277] The projection may be a projection that extends substantially radially inward.

[0278] The discontinuity region may provide a predetermined width of the discontinuity sufficient to accept or accommodate the width of the protrusion, such that the width of the protrusion is less than the width of the discontinuity.

[0279] The screw thread can be essentially a helical screw thread.

[0280] The conduit can be substantially engaged with the conduit connector by rotating or winding the conduit on the threads.

[0281] The conduit can be substantially engaged with the conduit connector after engaging the cuff with the threads.

[0282] When the protrusion engages with the thread, it can be screw-engaged by positioning the protrusion within the region between adjacent turns of the thread or within the region adjacent to the turns of the thread and the flange of the conduit connector.

[0283] The flange could be a stop flange.

[0284] The flange can function as a barrier against the cuff being over-wound or the cuff compressing the flange.

[0285] The cuff may provide a shank portion, the projection being located radially inward of the inner wall of the cuff on the shank portion, and the shank portion having a longitudinal length sufficient to position the projection within a region adjacent to the turns of the thread or within a region between adjacent turns of the thread.

[0286] The cuff is i) The end portion of the conduit after the conduit has been substantially engaged with the threads of the conduit connector, and ii) Near the base of the nasal prongs after the nasal prongs have been substantially engaged with the cuff. They can be held in a predetermined orientation or position by compression fitting between them.

[0287] A strap attachment for terminating a head strap, comprising a substantially hollow body including an internal wall, the internal wall having a channel between it, comprising an open end and a terminal end, the open end defining an opening to a channel and receiving the free end of the head strap, and the terminal end defining a substantially distal end of the channel to the open end, the channel providing a path extending between the open end and the terminal end, through which the head strap passes, comprising a substantially hollow body, the base attached to the internal wall to the tip, and at least one first projection extending substantially toward an opposing internal wall or toward the channel defined by at least an opposing side wall, and the tip A strap attachment is provided, wherein the tip is configured to engage with at least a portion or surface of a head strap received within the channel, the tip is configured to substantially allow the head strap to pass through the channel in a direction along a path from the opening end to the end, and the tip is configured to substantially resist the head strap being pulled out of or removed from the channel in a direction extending from the end to the opening end of the substantially hollow body, and the tip of at least one first projection is positioned at a predetermined distance from the opposing inner wall, the predetermined distance being a function of the thickness of the head strap received within the channel.

[0288] The ratio of the predetermined distance to the thickness of the head strap is, arbitrarily, in the range of 1:4 to 1:1.

[0289] Optionally, a predetermined distance is less than the thickness of the head strap that can be accepted within the channel.

[0290] Optionally, the tip includes a substantially tapered end or apex.

[0291] Optionally, at least one first projection includes a leading surface and a trailing surface, the leading and trailing surfaces extending from the base to the tip of at least one first projection and arranged substantially along the path from the open end to the terminal end.

[0292] Optionally, the preceding and succeeding surfaces are configured such that at least one first projection substantially forms a hook-shaped projection.

[0293] Optionally, the subsequent surface includes an acute angle with respect to the interior wall.

[0294] Selectively, this acute angle is approximately 40 degrees to 80 degrees.

[0295] Optionally, the configuration further includes at least one second projection extending into the channel from an opposing inner wall.

[0296] The present invention further optionally includes a plurality of first protrusions forming a first set of protrusions and a plurality of second protrusions forming a second set of protrusions.

[0297] The projections of the first set of projections are optionally aligned substantially with the projections of the second set of projections.

[0298] Optionally, the projections of the first set of projections are not substantially aligned with or are offset from the projections of the second set of projections.

[0299] Optionally, the projections of the first set of projections and the projections of the second set of projections are substantially laterally offset from each other with respect to the lateral direction across the width of the channel, and the width direction is substantially perpendicular to the insertion direction of the head strap.

[0300] Selectively, the projections of the first set of projections and the projections of the second set of projections alternate in length.

[0301] Optionally, the projections of the first set of projections and the projections of the second set of projections form teeth.

[0302] Optionally, the opening end includes a retractable feature.

[0303] Optionally, the retractable feature includes a substantially rounded lip for housing or receiving the head strap.

[0304] Optionally, the retractable feature provides one or more guides for receiving the head strap and guiding the head strap into the channel.

[0305] The terminal portion is optionally defined by channel occlusion.

[0306] Optionally, the end portion is either a closed or blocked end of the channel, or a substantially closed end of the channel.

[0307] Optionally, the end portion includes one or more projections extending from either the inner wall or an opposing inner wall into or substantially across the channel.

[0308] Optionally, the projections extending from the inner wall are substantially aligned with the projections extending from the opposing inner wall of the channel.

[0309] Optionally, the projections extending from the inner wall are not substantially aligned with the projections extending from the opposing inner wall of the channel.

[0310] Optionally, one or more projections are substantially aligned with opposing projections of the first set of projections and / or the second set of projections.

[0311] Optionally, the protrusions are offset from the first set of protrusions and / or the second set of protrusions in a direction that configures the channel to receive the head strap.

[0312] A strap attachment for terminating a head strap is provided, comprising two or more walls defining a channel, the channel comprising two or more walls configured to receive the end of a head strap, a first set of projections comprising at least one first projection extending substantially toward or into the channel from a first wall of the strap attachment, the first projection comprising a distal end, the distal end configured to engage with a portion of the head strap and prevent the end of the head strap received in the channel from being dislodged from the channel, the distal end of the first projection being spaced apart from a second opposing wall of the channel, the distance being provided as a function of the thickness of the head strap received in the channel.

[0313] Optionally, the ratio of this distance to the thickness of the head strap is in the range of 1:4 to 1:1.

[0314] Optionally, this distance is smaller than the thickness of the head strap that can be accepted within the channel.

[0315] Optionally, the distal end of the first projection includes a substantially tapered end or apex.

[0316] Optionally, at least one first projection includes a leading surface and a trailing surface arranged substantially along the direction in which the channel is configured to receive a head strap, wherein the leading surface and the trailing surface are configured such that at least one of the first projections forms a substantially hook-shaped projection.

[0317] Optionally, the trailing surface includes an acute angle with respect to the first wall of the strap attachment.

[0318] Selectively, this acute angle is approximately 40 degrees to 80 degrees.

[0319] Optionally, a second set of projections is further included, the second set of projections comprising at least one second projection.

[0320] Optionally, a second set of projections is configured to extend into the channel from the opposing second wall of the strap attachment.

[0321] Optionally, the first set of projections and the second set of projections include multiple projections, and optionally, the projections are teeth.

[0322] The projections of the first set of projections are optionally aligned substantially with the projections of the second set of projections.

[0323] Optionally, the projections of the first set of projections are not substantially aligned with or are offset from the projections of the second set of projections.

[0324] Optionally, the projections of the first set of projections and the projections of the second set of projections are substantially laterally offset from each other with respect to the lateral direction across the width of the channel, and the width direction is substantially perpendicular to the insertion direction of the head strap.

[0325] Selectively, the projections of the first set of projections and the projections of the second set of projections alternate in length.

[0326] Optionally, the opening defines the entrance portion of the channel.

[0327] Optionally, the opening includes a retractable feature.

[0328] Optionally, the retractable feature includes a substantially rounded lip for housing or receiving the head strap.

[0329] Optionally, the retractable feature provides one or more guides for receiving the head strap and guiding the head strap into the channel.

[0330] Optionally, the channel terminates at the end of the channel opposite to the opening.

[0331] The terminal portion is optionally defined by channel occlusion.

[0332] Optionally, the end portion includes one or more projections extending into or substantially across the channel.

[0333] Optionally, the end portion is either a closed or blocked end of the channel, or a substantially closed end of the channel.

[0334] The present invention further includes, optionally, one or more projections extending from a first wall and / or an opposing second wall, such that one or more projections extend into or substantially across the channel.

[0335] Optionally, a projection extending from the first wall is substantially aligned with a projection extending from the second opposing wall of the channel.

[0336] Optionally, the projections extending from the first wall are not substantially aligned with the projections extending from the second opposing wall of the channel.

[0337] Optionally, one or more projections are substantially aligned with opposing projections of the first set of projections and / or the second set of projections.

[0338] Optionally, the protrusions are offset from the first set of protrusions and / or the second set of protrusions in a direction that configures the channel to receive the head strap.

[0339] A strap attachment for terminating a head strap is provided, comprising two or more walls defining a channel, the channel comprising two or more walls configured to receive the end of a head strap, a first set of protrusions comprising at least one first protrusion, a second set of protrusions comprising at least one second protrusion, the first set of protrusions and the second set of protrusions extending into the channel from opposing walls of the strap attachment, the at least one first protrusion of the first set of protrusions and the at least one second protrusion of the second set of protrusions comprising a distal end, the distal end configured to engage with a portion of the head strap and to prevent the end of the head strap received into the channel from coming off, and the distal end of at least one first protrusion and the distal end of at least one second protrusion tapering toward a tapered end or apex, or comprising a tapered end or apex.

[0340] Optionally, the distal ends of the first and second sets of projections are spaced at a first distance along a plane parallel to the plane extending between and through the ends of the channel of the strap attachment.

[0341] Optionally, the first distance includes approximately 4–8 mm.

[0342] Optionally, the first set of projections extends into the channel from the proximal wall of the end of the strap attachment into which the end of the head strap is received.

[0343] Optionally, the ends of the first and second sets of projections are spaced at a second distance along a plane that traverses the plane extending between and through the ends of the channel of the strap attachment.

[0344] Optionally, the second distance includes approximately 0.5 mm to 2 mm.

[0345] Optionally, the height between each channel wall and the distal end of the second set of projections is lower than the height between each channel wall and the distal end of the first set of projections.

[0346] Optionally, the distance from the distal end of the first set of projections and / or the second set of projections to each opposing wall is provided as a function of the thickness of the head strap.

[0347] Optionally, this distance is less than the thickness of the head strap that can be accommodated within the channel of the strap attachment.

[0348] Optionally, the ratio of this distance to the thickness of the head strap is in the range of 1:4 to 1:1.

[0349] Optionally, the distance from the distal end of the first set of projections to the opposing wall is approximately 1 mm to 1.5 mm.

[0350] Optionally, the distance from the end of the second set of projections to the opposing wall is approximately 1 mm to 2 mm.

[0351] The projections of the first set of projections are optionally aligned substantially with the projections of the second set of projections.

[0352] Optionally, the projections of the first set of projections are not substantially aligned with or are offset from the projections of the second set of projections.

[0353] Optionally, the projections of the first set of projections and the projections of the second set of projections are substantially laterally offset from each other with respect to the lateral direction across the width of the channel, and the width direction is substantially perpendicular to the insertion direction of the head strap.

[0354] Selectively, the projections of the first set of projections and the projections of the second set of projections alternate in length.

[0355] Optionally, the opening defines the entrance portion of the channel.

[0356] Optionally, the opening includes a retractable feature.

[0357] Optionally, the retractable feature includes a substantially rounded lip for housing or receiving the head strap.

[0358] Optionally, the retractable feature provides one or more guides for receiving the head strap and guiding the head strap into the channel.

[0359] Optionally, the channel terminates at the end of the channel opposite to the opening.

[0360] The terminal portion is optionally defined by channel occlusion.

[0361] Optionally, the end portion includes one or more projections extending into or substantially across the channel.

[0362] Optionally, the end portion is either a closed or blocked end of the channel, or a substantially closed end of the channel.

[0363] The present invention further includes, optionally, one or more projections extending from a first wall and / or an opposing second wall, such that one or more projections extend into or substantially across the channel.

[0364] Optionally, a projection extending from the first wall is substantially aligned with a projection extending from the second opposing wall of the channel.

[0365] Optionally, the projections extending from the first wall are not substantially aligned with the projections extending from the second opposing wall of the channel.

[0366] Optionally, one or more projections are substantially aligned with opposing projections of the first set of projections and / or the second set of projections.

[0367] Optionally, the protrusions are offset from the first set of protrusions and / or the second set of protrusions in a direction that configures the channel to receive the head strap.

[0368] A strap attachment for terminating a head strap is provided, comprising two or more walls defining a channel, the channel comprising two or more walls configured to receive the end of a head strap, a first set of protrusions comprising at least one first protrusion, a second set of protrusions comprising at least one second protrusion, the first set of protrusions and the second set of protrusions defining a curved or meandering path through which the end of a head strap is received, the distal end comprising at least one first protrusion of the first set of protrusions and at least one second protrusion of the second set of protrusions engaging with a portion of the head strap and preventing the end of the head strap received in the channel from coming off, the distal end of at least one first protrusion and the distal end of at least one second protrusion tapering toward a tapered end or apex, or comprising a tapered end or apex.

[0369] Optionally, at least one first projection extends from the wall of the strap attachment into the channel, and at least one second projection extends from the opposing wall of the strap attachment into the channel.

[0370] Optionally, one or more protrusions of the first set of protrusions and one or more protrusions of the second set of protrusions are offset from each other along at least one plane.

[0371] Optionally, the first plane includes a plane parallel to the plane extending between and through the ends of the channels of the strap attachment.

[0372] Optionally, the second plane includes a plane that intersects a plane extending between and through the ends of the channels of the strap attachment.

[0373] Optionally, at least one first projection and at least one second projection include multiple projections.

[0374] Selectively, the projections are teeth.

[0375] The projections of the first set of projections are optionally aligned substantially with the projections of the second set of projections.

[0376] Optionally, the projections of the first set of projections are not substantially aligned with or are offset from the projections of the second set of projections.

[0377] Optionally, the projections of the first set of projections and the projections of the second set of projections are substantially laterally offset from each other with respect to the lateral direction across the width of the channel, and the width direction is substantially perpendicular to the insertion direction of the head strap.

[0378] Selectively, the projections of the first set of projections and the projections of the second set of projections alternate in length.

[0379] Optionally, the opening defines the entrance portion of the channel.

[0380] Optionally, the opening includes a retractable feature.

[0381] Optionally, the retractable feature includes a substantially rounded lip for housing or receiving the head strap.

[0382] Optionally, the retractable feature provides one or more guides for receiving the head strap and guiding the head strap into the channel.

[0383] Optionally, the channel terminates at the end of the channel opposite to the opening.

[0384] The terminal portion is optionally defined by channel occlusion.

[0385] Optionally, the end portion includes one or more projections extending into or substantially across the channel.

[0386] Optionally, the end portion is either a closed or blocked end of the channel, or a substantially closed end of the channel.

[0387] The present invention further includes, optionally, one or more projections extending from a first wall and / or an opposing second wall, such that one or more projections extend into or substantially across the channel.

[0388] Optionally, a projection extending from the first wall is substantially aligned with a projection extending from the second opposing wall of the channel.

[0389] Optionally, the projections extending from the first wall are not substantially aligned with the projections extending from the second opposing wall of the channel.

[0390] Optionally, one or more projections are substantially aligned with opposing projections of the first set of projections and / or the second set of projections.

[0391] Optionally, the protrusions are offset from the first set of protrusions and / or the second set of protrusions in a direction that configures the channel to receive the head strap.

[0392] A headgear for a patient interface is provided, comprising at least one head strap and at least one strap attachment as described above, which engages with the end of the head strap.

[0393] The headgear can be optionally attached in a removable manner.

[0394] Optionally, the patient interface includes a single closed nasal prong.

[0395] Optionally, the patient interface includes a support, and a single closed nasal prong is slidable on the support.

[0396] A breathing interface for delivering gas to one nostril of a patient, comprising a seal body configured to seal one of the patient's two nostrils, a prong inlet configured to receive gas, and a prong outlet configured to supply gas to the patient, a single sealed nasal prong having, a support for the single sealed nasal prong, and a conduit directly coupled to the single sealed nasal prong and in fluid communication with the single sealed nasal prong, the single sealed nasal prong and / or the breathing interface being configured to allow the prong to compatibly seal the patient's left or right nostril or both, a breathing interface is provided.

[0397] Optionally, the prong and / or the breathing interface is configured to allow the prong to compatibly seal the patient's left or right nostril or both while remaining attached to the support or without being removed from the support.

[0398] Optionally, the prong is positioned at a fixed position relative to the support.

[0399] Optionally, the prong is translatable relative to the support.

[0400] Optionally, the support is outside the gas supplied to the conduit or the single sealed nasal prong, or separated from the gas supplied to the conduit or the single sealed nasal prong, or does not form part of the gas supplied to the conduit or the single sealed nasal prong.

[0401] Optionally, the conduit is fluidly separated from the support, or the support does not form part of the gas path of the gas supplied to the single sealed nasal prong.

[0402] Optionally, the conduit is in fluid communication with only the single sealed nasal prong.

[0403] Optionally, the conduit comprises a single conduit.

[0404] Optionally, the breathing interface further includes a gas path from the conduit to the prong outlet, and the gas path is substantially straight.

[0405] Optionally, the conduit outlet is directly coupled to the prong inlet of a single sealed nasal prong, and the conduit outlet and the prong outlet share a substantially common substantially central axis.

[0406] Optionally, the breathing interface further includes a headgear removably connectable to the support.

[0407] Optionally, the breathing interface further includes a cuff, and the single sealed nasal prong is configured to couple with the cuff.

[0408] Optionally, the breathing interface further includes a conduit connector, and the conduit is configured to couple with the conduit connector.

[0409] Optionally, the conduit connector and the cuff are separate or integral components.

[0410] Optionally, the single sealed nasal prong includes a substantially flexible or substantially compliant material, and the conduit connector and / or the cuff includes a substantially rigid material.

[0411] A method of providing respiratory therapy to a patient, providing gas to the patient at a substantially high flow rate via a patient interface having a single sealed prong on a support, the single sealed prong being configured such that one of the patient's nostrils is substantially sealed and gas is delivered thereto, while the other of the patient's nostrils is not substantially sealed and does not receive gas provided by a gas supply, <00,00918>adjusting the single sealed prong to substantially seal either one of the patient's two nostrils based on the patient's pressure is provided.

[0412] Optionally, adjusting the single sealed prong depends on the patient's nasal cycle.

[0413] Optionally, patient pressure includes maximum expiratory pressure (PEP).

[0414] Selectively adjusting a single closed prong may involve increasing or decreasing the patient's PEP.

[0415] Optionally, adjustment may involve sliding and / or rotating a single sealed prong on a support.

[0416] Optionally, high flow rates include at least 20 L / min.

[0417] Optionally, the method further includes humidifying the gas.

[0418] A respiratory support system is provided, comprising a gas source configured to provide a high-flow gas stream to a patient, and a patient interface including a single closed nasal prong configured to deliver a high-flow gas stream to the patient, wherein the single closed nasal prong is adapted to substantially seal one nostril of the patient's two nostrils.

[0419] Optionally, the respiratory support system further includes a humidifier configured to heat and humidify the gas flow supplied to the patient.

[0420] Optionally, the humidifier includes a humidifying chamber that is detachably connected to a humidifier base unit.

[0421] Optionally, the humidifying chamber is configured to be filled with a humidifying liquid, such as water, to humidify the gas flow to the patient.

[0422] Optionally, the humidifying chamber includes a heat-conducting base, and the humidifier base unit includes a heater plate, and the heat-conducting base is in contact with the heater plate of the humidifier base unit, thereby enabling heating of the humidifying liquid in the chamber.

[0423] Optionally, the flow source and the humidifier base unit are integrated.

[0424] Optionally, the patient interface is configured to increase expiratory pressure in the patient's airway.

[0425] Optionally, a single-close nasal prong is a seal body configured to seal one nostril of a patient, having opposing front and rear surfaces and opposing left and right surfaces, the opposing front and rear surfaces being substantially symmetrical with respect to each other, an inlet configured to receive gas, and an outlet configured to supply gas to the patient, the outlet being located substantially midway between the left and right surfaces so that the single-close nasal prong can seal either of the patient's nostrils, the seal body and outlet of the single-close nasal prong being arranged such that one of the patient's nostrils is substantially sealed and supplied with gas from the outlet, while the other of the patient's nostril is not sealed and does not receive direct gas supply from the outlet.

[0426] Optionally, the respiratory support system further includes a sealing body configured to seal one nostril of the patient; a gas delivery assembly having a single sealed nasal prong having an inlet configured to receive gas and an outlet configured to supply gas to the patient; a conduit directly coupled to the single sealed nasal prong and in fluid communication with the single sealed nasal prong; and a headgear connected to or connectable to the gas delivery assembly.

[0427] Optionally, the respiratory support system further includes a gas delivery assembly comprising a seal body configured to seal one nostril of a patient, a single sealed nasal prong having an inlet configured to receive gas and an outlet configured to supply gas to the patient, a conduit directly coupled to the single sealed nasal prong and in fluid communication with the single sealed nasal prong, and a headgear connected to or connectable to the gas delivery assembly.

[0428] Optionally, the respiratory support system further includes a frameless gas delivery assembly comprising a single sealed nasal prong having a sealing body configured to seal one nostril of a patient, the single sealed nasal prong having an inlet configured to receive gas and an outlet configured to supply gas to the patient, a conduit in fluid communication with the single sealed nasal prong, and a headgear connected to or connectable to the gas delivery assembly.

[0429] Optionally, a respiratory support system is a respiratory interface for delivering gas to one nostril of a patient, further comprising: a sealing body configured to seal one nostril of the patient; a single sealed nasal prong having an inlet configured to receive gas and an outlet configured to supply gas to the patient; and a conduit having an outlet configured to supply gas to the single sealed nasal prong, the conduit being coupled to or connectable to the single sealed nasal prong such that the conduit outlet is coaxial with the inlet of the single sealed nasal prong.

[0430] Optionally, the respiratory support system further includes a respiratory interface for delivering gas to one nostril of a patient, comprising: a sealing body configured to seal one nostril of the patient; a single sealed nasal prong having an inlet configured to receive gas and an outlet configured to supply gas to the patient; and an adjuster configured to allow the single sealed nasal prong to be detachable from the first nostril without the single sealed nasal prong being removed from the respiratory interface and to be positioned in the other nostril of the patient to seal the other nostril.

[0431] Optionally, a respiratory support system includes a respiratory interface for delivering gas to one nostril of a patient, comprising a body having a pair of side arms configured to provide stability of the interface on the cheek of the patient, a single closed nasal prong, a manifold having a single inlet for receiving gas from a gas source and an outlet for delivering gas to the single closed nasal prong, the single closed nasal prong further comprising a respiratory interface positioned such that one of the patient's nostrils is substantially sealed and gas is supplied to that nostril from the outlet, while the other of the patient's nostril is not sealed and does not receive direct gas supply from the outlet.

[0432] Optionally, the respiratory support system further includes a respiratory interface for delivering gas to one nostril of a patient, comprising: a sealing body configured to seal one nostril of the patient; a single sealed nasal prong having an inlet configured to receive gas and an outlet configured to supply gas to the patient; a support for the single sealed nasal prong, the single sealed nasal prong being translationally translatable relative to the support, the single sealed nasal prong being interchangeably received by the patient's nostril, and the single sealed nasal prong remaining coupled to the support; and a headgear that is coupled to or can coupled to the support.

[0433] Optionally, a respiratory support system is a respiratory interface for delivering gas to one nostril of a patient, comprising: a sealing body configured to seal one nostril of the patient; a single sealed nasal prong having an inlet configured to receive gas and an outlet configured to supply gas to the patient; and a cuff including a prong coupling, wherein the single sealed nasal prong further comprises a respiratory interface that is accepted or acceptable by the prong coupling of the cuff.

[0434] Optionally, a single sealed nasal prong includes an inlet configured to receive gas, an outlet configured to supply gas to a patient, the outlet having a generally oval cross-section, and a seal body having a wall that defines the outer surface of the single sealed nasal prong, the outer surface of the single sealed nasal prong being curved outwardly and tapered inwardly from the inlet end to the outlet end, the wall defining a gas passage between the inlet and the outlet, and gas flowing through the gas passage causing the outer surface of the single sealed nasal prong to seal one nostril of the patient.

[0435] Optionally, a humidifier includes a humidification chamber that includes a gas inlet for receiving a gas flow from a gas flow source and a gas outlet for delivering the humidified gas flow to a patient interface.

[0436] Optionally, a respiratory assistance system further includes an inspiratory conduit positioned between the humidifier and the patient interface, the inspiratory conduit being configured to deliver the humidified gas flow to the patient interface.

[0437] Optionally, the inspiratory conduit is a heated inspiratory conduit.

[0438] Optionally, a respiratory assistance system further includes a patient conduit positioned between the inspiratory conduit and the patient interface.

[0439] Optionally, the patient conduit is formed of a breathable material.

[0440] Optionally, a high flow rate includes a gas flow delivered to a patient of at least 20 L / min.

[0441] Optionally, a high flow rate includes a gas flow delivered to a patient of up to about 70 L / min.

[0442] Optionally, the gas flow includes a set gas flow rate.

[0443] Optionally, a respiratory assistance system further includes a headgear for holding the patient interface on the patient's face.

[0444] Optionally, the respiratory support system further includes a respiratory interface for delivering gas to one nostril of a patient, comprising a single closed nasal prong further comprising an inlet configured to receive gas, an outlet configured to supply gas to the patient, and a sealing body having a wall defining the outer surface of the single closed nasal prong, wherein the sealing body and outlet of the single closed nasal prong are positioned such that one nostril of the patient is substantially sealed and supplied with gas from the outlet, while the other nostril of the patient is not sealed and does not receive direct gas supply from the outlet, and the respiratory interface further comprises a respiratory interface configured to provide respiratory flow therapy to the patient through the single closed nasal prong, wherein the respiratory flow causes airway flushing and eliminates dead space in the airway.

[0445] Optionally, the wall defines the entrance, the exit, and the seal body.

[0446] The wall thickness is optionally approximately 0.7 mm to 0.8 mm.

[0447] Optionally, the cross-section of the prong outlet is approximately oval.

[0448] Optionally, the cross-section of the prong outlet is elliptical.

[0449] Optionally, the cross-section of the outlet has a minor radius of approximately 1 mm to 3 mm and a major radius of approximately 5 mm to 10 mm.

[0450] Optionally, the minor axis is approximately 2 mm and the major axis is approximately 7 mm.

[0451] Optionally, the seal body is tapered inward from the inlet to the outlet.

[0452] Optionally, the cross-sectional area of ​​the prong exit is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the prong inlet.

[0453] Optionally, a single closed nasal prong is configured to provide an exhalation pressure of 3.5 cmH2O to 20 cmH2O.

[0454] Optionally, the outer surface of the seal body tapers inward from the inlet end to the outlet end.

[0455] Optionally, the outer surface of the seal body is curved outwards.

[0456] Optionally, the gas flow rate is controlled to generate a desired pressure for the patient's inhalation and exhalation.

[0457] Optionally, the gas flow rate is reduced during the patient's exhalation to lower the expiratory pressure.

[0458] Optionally, the system is configured so that the expiratory airway pressure is approximately 5–8 cmH₂O.

[0459] Optionally, the outlet is configured such that the gas delivered from the outlet causes the flushing out of dead space gas through an unsealed nostril.

[0460] Optionally, a single nasal prong is interchangeable between nostrils.

[0461] Optionally, the respiratory support system further includes one or more sliding members, which are configured to allow nasal prong adjustment independently of head strap adjustment.

[0462] Optionally, the respiratory support system further includes a conduit configured to deliver gas directly to a single, sealed nasal prong without passing through another component.

[0463] Optionally, the cross-section of the prong inlet is substantially the same as the cross-section of the conduit outlet.

[0464] Optionally, the cross-section of the entrance is substantially similar to the cross-section of the proximal conduit in the patient.

[0465] Optionally, the gas path from the conduit to the prong outlet is substantially straight.

[0466] Optionally, a single, closed nasal prong and conduit form a continuous gas pathway.

[0467] Optionally, a single, closed nasal prong and a conduit form a direct fluid connection.

[0468] A kit is provided that includes a humidification chamber having a humidification inlet and a humidification outlet configured to be connected to a flow source, an intake conduit having an intake conduit inlet and an intake conduit outlet configured to be connected to the humidification outlet, and a single sealed nasal prong configured to be connected to the intake conduit outlet.

[0469] Optionally, the humidifying chamber is configured to be filled with a humidifying liquid, such as water, to humidify the gas flow to the patient.

[0470] Optionally, the humidification chamber can be detachably connected to the humidifier base unit.

[0471] Optionally, the humidifier base unit is integrated with the flow source.

[0472] Optionally, the humidifying chamber includes a heat-conducting base, and the humidifier base unit includes a heater plate, and the heat-conducting base is in contact with the heater plate of the humidifier base unit, thereby enabling heating of the humidifying liquid in the chamber.

[0473] Optionally, the single closed nasal prong is one of the embodiments or models described above.

[0474] Optionally, a single closed nasal prong further includes a patient conduit, the patient conduit including an inlet configured to connect to an inspiratory conduit outlet.

[0475] Optionally, the patient conduit is formed from a breathable material.

[0476] The intake conduit is optionally heated.

[0477] Optionally, the kit further includes a conduit clip configured to secure the inspiratory conduit to or around the patient.

[0478] One or more features of an embodiment or configuration may be combined with one or more other features of an embodiment or configuration.

[0479] As used herein, the term “contains” means “consisting of at least part of.” When interpreting each statement containing the term “contains” herein, other characteristics may also exist besides those that follow the term. Related terms such as “comprise” and “comprises” are interpreted similarly.

[0480] References to numerical ranges disclosed herein (e.g., 1 to 10) also incorporate references to all rational numbers within that range (e.g., 1, 1.1, 2, 3, 3.9, 4, 5, 6, 6.5, 7, 8, 9, and 10) and any range of rational numbers within that range (e.g., 2 to 8, 1.5 to 5.5, and 3.1 to 4.7), thus expressly disclosing all subranges of all ranges expressly disclosed herein. These are merely examples of what is specifically intended, and all possible combinations of numerical values ​​between the listed minimum and maximum values ​​are similarly expressed in this application.

[0481] It should be understood that alternative embodiments or configurations may include combinations of two or more parts, elements, or features illustrated, described, or referenced herein.

[0482] Those skilled in the art will be able to envision many variations of the structure of the present invention, as well as a wide range of different embodiments and uses, without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims. The disclosures and descriptions herein are purely illustrative and are not intended to be limiting in any sense. Where the present invention refers herein to a particular integer for which there are known equivalents in the art to which it pertains, such known equivalents shall be deemed incorporated herein as if they were individually described. The present invention may be broadly comprised of the parts, elements and features referred to or shown individually or collectively in the specification of this application, as well as any combination of some or all of two or more such parts, elements or features.

[0483] Those skilled in the art will see specific embodiments and modifications thereof from the detailed description herein with reference to the following figures. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0484] [Figure 1A] A schematic representation of the respiratory support device is shown. [Figure 1B-1D] Shows the respiration interface on the patient. [Figure 2] This is a front perspective view of one configuration of a respiratory interface. [Figure 3] This is a rear perspective view of the respiratory interface shown in Figure 2. [Figure 4] This is a top view of the respiratory interface shown in Figure 2. [Figure 5] This is a bottom view of the respiratory interface shown in Figure 2. [Figure 6] This is an upper perspective view of the cuff and sliding member of the respiratory interface shown in Figure 2. [Figure 7] This is a bottom perspective view of the cuff and sliding member shown in Figure 6. [Figure 8] This is a front view of the respiratory interface shown in Figure 2. [Figure 9A] This is an exploded view of the respiratory interface in Figure 2. [Figure 9B] This is a cross-sectional view of the respiratory interface in Figure 2. [Figure 10A] This is a front perspective view of the nasal prongs of the respiratory interface in Figure 2. [Figure 10B] This is a cross-sectional view of the nasal prongs of the respiratory interface in Figure 2. [Figure 10C] This is a cross-sectional view of the nasal prongs of the respiratory interface in Figure 2. [Figure 10D] Another cross-sectional view of the nasal prongs of the respiratory interface in Figure 2. [Figure 11A] This is a posterior perspective view of the nasal prongs. [Figure 12] This is a top view of the nasal prongs in Figure 11A. [Figure 13] This is a bottom view of the nasal prongs in Figure 11A. [Figure 14] This is a side view of the nasal prongs in Figure 11A. [Figure 15] This is a frontal or rear view of the nasal prongs in Figure 11A. [Figure 16] A series of top views showing the pivotable prongs. [Figure 17] Front perspective view of another configuration of the respiratory interface. [Figure 18] This is a rear perspective view of the respiratory interface shown in Figure 17. [Figure 19] This is a top view of the respiratory interface shown in Figure 17. [Figure 20] This is a bottom view of the respiratory interface shown in Figure 17. [Figure 21] This is a left side view of the respiratory interface shown in Figure 17. [Figure 22] This is a right side view of the respiratory interface shown in Figure 17. [Figure 23] This is a front view of the respiratory interface shown in Figure 17. [Figure 24] This is a rear view of the respiratory interface shown in Figure 17. [Figure 25] This is an exploded view of the respiratory interface shown in Figure 17. [Figure 26] This is a front perspective view of the nasal prongs of the respiratory interface shown in Figure 17. [Figure 27] This is a posterior perspective view of the nasal prongs in Figure 26. [Figure 28] This is a top view of the nasal prongs in Figure 26. [Figure 29] This is a bottom view of the nasal prongs shown in Figure 26. [Figure 30] This is a left-side view of the nasal prongs shown in Figure 26. [Figure 31] This is a front view of the nasal prongs in Figure 26. [Figure 32] This is a posterior view of the nasal prongs shown in Figure 26. [Figure 33] Front perspective view of another configuration of the respiratory interface. [Figure 34] This is a rear perspective view of the respiratory interface shown in Figure 33. [Figure 35] This is a top view of the respiratory interface shown in Figure 33. [Figure 36] This is a bottom view of the respiratory interface shown in Figure 33. [Figure 37] This is a front view of the respiratory interface shown in Figure 33. [Figure 38] This is a rear view of the respiratory interface shown in Figure 33. [Figure 39] This is an exploded view of the respiratory interface shown in Figure 33. [Figure 40] This is a front perspective view of the nasal prongs of the respiratory interface shown in Figure 33. [Figure 41] This is a posterior perspective view of the nasal prongs in Figure 40. [Figure 42] This is a top view of the nasal prongs in Figure 40. [Figure 43] This is a bottom view of the nasal prongs in Figure 40. [Figure 44] This is a left side view of the nasal prongs in Figure 40. [Figure 45] This is a front view of the nasal prongs in Figure 40. [Figure 46] This is a dorsal view of the nasal prongs in Figure 40. [Figure 47] This is a front perspective view of the cuff of the respiratory interface shown in Figure 33. [Figure 48] This is a rear perspective view of the cuff in Figure 47. [Figure 49] This is a rear perspective view of the cuff in Figure 47. [Figure 50] A partial front perspective view of another configuration of the respiratory interface. [Figure 51] A detailed front perspective view of the respiratory interface shown in Figure 50. [Figure 52] This is a top view of the respiratory interface shown in Figure 50. [Figure 53] Another front perspective view of the respiratory interface shown in Figure 50. [Figures 54a-54c] These are schematic diagrams of other configurations of the respiratory interface. [Figure 55] A series of schematic diagrams of other configurations of the respiratory interface are shown. [Figure 56] This is a schematic diagram of another configuration of the respiratory interface. [Figure 57] This graph shows the test results of a flow supplied at 60 LPM, comparing a standard breathing interface with two nasal prongs with the breathing interface according to the present invention. [Figures 58A-58D] Show the streamlines of the exhaled airflow in a respiratory interface equipped with two prongs that supply nasal gas flow. [Figures 59A–59D] Show the streamlines of the exhaled airflow in a respiratory interface with a single closed nasal prong supplying nasal gas flow. [Figures 60A-60B] Graphs showing positive expiratory pressure test results comparing a standard respiratory interface with two nasal prongs with the respiratory interface according to the present invention. [Figures 61A-61B] Graphs showing the results of respiratory rate tests comparing a standard respiratory interface with two nasal prongs with the respiratory interface according to the present invention. [Figure 61C] This graph shows the test results of maximum expiratory flow rate, comparing the left and right nostrils of a user with a respiratory interface configured according to the present invention. [Figure 62] Shows a disassembled set of components that are assembled together, including a prong, a conduit connector with threads having discontinuous regions, a cuff (which engages with the conduit connector), and a conduit. [Figure 63A] An example of a first orientation for positioning the cuff in place is shown, where one (or more) projections interact with a discontinuous region of the threads of the conduit connector. [Figure 63B] illustrates a second direction for engaging the cuff onto the conduit connector. [Figure 63C] An example of the completed assembly of the cuff and conduit connector is shown, along with an example of a conduit engaged on the conduit connector. [Figure 64] Shows a cuff configuration with a single protrusion. [Figure 65-66A] Shows a cuff configuration with two protrusions. [Figures 66B-66C] These figures show the cuff configuration of Figures 65 and 66A, and also indicate the width P' of the protruding portion. [Figure 66D] Shows a cuff configuration having a single projection on a pair of sliding members. [Figure 66E] Shows a cuff configuration having a pair of protrusions on a pair of sliding members. [Figure 67A] A bottom view of the cuff configuration having a pair of protrusions is shown. [Figure 67B] A bottom view of the cuff configuration with a notched feature is shown. [Figure 68] A side view of a cuff configuration having an elongated or extended shank with height S' is shown. [Figure 69] Shows a conduit connector including a thread having a discontinuous region with a first threaded portion T'. [Figure 70A] Shows the conduit connector of Figure 69, indicating region A' in which the cuff projection can engage. [Figure 70B] Shows the conduit connector of Figure 69, indicating the region A'' in which the cuff projection can engage. [Figure 71] shows a cuff connector including the first threaded portion T' and the second threaded portion T''. [Figure 72] An upper perspective view showing the pre-formed shape or bent configuration of the sliding member into which the cuff engages. [Figure 73] shows a front view of a sliding member provided in a pre-formed shape or a bent configuration. [Figure 74] A side view of the configuration shown in Figure 73. [Figure 75] Shows a sliding member provided in a pre-formed shape or a bent configuration. [Figure 76] Shows a conduit connector with a single continuous thread section. Figures 77A-77C show a perspective view, a front view, and a side view of an exemplary embodiment of the strap attachment. [Figure 78A] An exemplary embodiment of a breathing interface having a strap attachment is shown. [Figure 78B] shows a second exemplary embodiment of a breathing interface having a strap attachment. [Figure 79] Cross-sectional view of the respiratory interface strap attachment and head strap. [Figures 80A-80B] show perspective cross-sectional views of exemplary embodiments of the strap attachment. [Figures 81A-81B] show perspective cross-sectional views of exemplary embodiments of the strap attachment. [Figures 82A-82C] Cross-sectional views of exemplary embodiments of the strap attachment are shown. [Figure 83] shows a front view of an exemplary embodiment of the strap attachment. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0485] A respiratory support device 10 for delivering a flow of gas (which may include one or more gases) to a patient is shown in Figure 1. The device 10 may be, for example, a CPAP device or a high-flow device. An exemplary CPAP device is described in International Publication No. 2011 / 056080. The contents of this specification are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

[0486] Generally, the device 10 includes a main housing 100. The main housing 100 houses a flow generator 11 in the form of a motor / impeller configuration, a humidifier 12, a controller 13, and a user I / O interface 14 (including, for example, a display and input devices such as buttons, a touchscreen, etc.). The controller 13 is configured or programmed to control the components of the device, which includes operating the flow generator 11 to generate a gas flow for delivery to a patient, operating the humidifier 12 to humidify and / or heat the generated gas flow, receiving user input from the user interface 14 for reconfiguration and / or user-defined operation of the device 10, and outputting information to the user (for example, on a display). The user may be a patient, a healthcare professional, or another person interested in using the device.

[0487] The patient breathing conduit 16 is connected to the gas flow outlet or patient exit port 30 of the housing 100 of the respiratory support device 10, and also to a respiratory interface 17 (i.e., patient interface 17) such as a nasal cannula having a manifold 19 and nasal prongs 18. Additionally or alternatively, the patient breathing conduit 16 may be connected to a face mask. Additionally or alternatively, the patient breathing conduit may be connected to a nasal pillow mask and / or nasal mask and / or tracheostomy interface or any other suitable type of respiratory interface. The humidifiable gas flow generated by the respiratory support device 10 passes through the patient breathing conduit 16 and is delivered to the patient via the respiratory interface 17. The patient breathing conduit 16 may have a heater wire 16a for heating the gas flow passing to the patient. The heater wire 16a is under the control of the controller 13. The patient breathing conduit 16 and / or respiratory interface 17 may be considered part of the respiratory support device 10, or alternatively, its peripheral equipment. The respiratory support device 10, the respiratory conduit 16, and the respiratory interface 17 can together form a respiratory support system or, in some configurations, a flow therapy system.

[0488] The general operation of the exemplary respiratory support device 10 is well known to those skilled in the art and does not need to be described in detail here. However, generally, the controller 13 controls the flow generator 11 to generate a gas flow of a desired flow rate, controls one or more valves to control the mixing ratio of air and oxygen or other alternative gases, and controls the humidifier 12 to humidify and / or heat the gas flow to an appropriate level. The gas flow is delivered to the patient through the patient respiratory conduit 16 and respiratory interface 17. The controller 13 may also control the heating element in the humidifier 12 and / or the heating element 16a in the patient respiratory conduit 16 to humidify and / or heat the gas to a desired temperature to achieve a desired level of treatment and / or comfort for the patient. The controller 13 may be programmed to have an appropriate target temperature for the gas flow, or it may determine an appropriate target temperature for the gas flow.

[0489] Motion sensors 3a, 3b, 3c, 20, and 25, such as flow sensors, temperature sensors, humidity sensors, and / or pressure sensors, may be placed at various locations on the respiratory support device 10 and / or the patient respiratory conduit 16 and / or the respiratory interface 17. Outputs from the sensors are received by the controller 13, which can help the controller 13 operate the respiratory support device 10 to provide optimal treatment. In some configurations, providing optimal treatment includes meeting the patient's inspiratory demands. The device 10 may have a transmitter and / or receiver 15 to enable the controller 13 to receive signals 8 from the sensors and / or control various components of the respiratory support device 10, including but not limited to the flow generator 11, humidifier 12, and heater wire 16a or attachments or peripherals associated with the respiratory support device 10. Additionally or alternatively, the transmitter and / or receiver 15 may be able to deliver data to a remote server or enable remote control of the device 10.

[0490] The respiratory support device 10 may be any suitable type of device for delivering respiratory flow therapy, i.e., a flow of gas, to the user. Respiratory flow therapy involves supplying a flow of gas at a desired flow rate. The device 10 is preferably a flow-controlled device controlled to deliver a preset or predetermined flow rate. To make the gas flow more comfortable and tolerable for the user, the gas flow is humidified using a humidifier.

[0491] In some configurations, the device 10 can deliver a high-flow gas stream or high-flow therapy (e.g., air, oxygen, other mixed gases, or some combination thereof) to the patient to assist respiration and / or treat respiratory distress. In some configurations, the gas is or contains oxygen. In some configurations, the gas contains a blend of oxygen and ambient air. As used herein, “high-flow” therapy means administering gas to the patient’s airway at a relatively high flow rate that roughly meets or exceeds the patient’s maximum inspiratory demand, or roughly meets or exceeds the patient’s inspiratory flow. The flow rates used to achieve “high-flow” may be any of the flow rates described below. For example, in some configurations, "high-flow therapy" in adult patients may refer to the delivery of gas to the patient at a flow rate of approximately 10 liters per minute (10 LPM) or more, such as approximately 10 LPM to approximately 100 LPM, or approximately 15 LPM to approximately 95 LPM, or approximately 20 LPM to approximately 90 LPM, or approximately 25 LPM to approximately 85 LPM, or approximately 30 LPM to approximately 80 LPM, or approximately 35 LPM to approximately 75 LPM, or approximately 40 LPM to approximately 70 LPM, or approximately 45 LPM to approximately 65 LPM, or approximately 50 LPM to approximately 60 LPM. In some configurations, for neonatal, infant, or pediatric patients, “high-flow therapy” may refer to the delivery of gas to the patient at a flow rate greater than 1 LPM, such as approximately 1 LPM to approximately 25 LPM, or approximately 2 LPM to approximately 25 LPM, or approximately 2 LPM to approximately 5 LPM, or approximately 5 LPM to approximately 25 LPM, or approximately 5 LPM to approximately 10 LPM, or approximately 10 LPM to approximately 25 LPM, or approximately 10 LPM to approximately 20 LPM, or approximately 10 LPM to approximately 15 LPM, or approximately 20 LPM to approximately 25 LPM. High-flow therapy devices for adult patients, neonates, infants, or pediatric patients may deliver gas to the patient at a flow rate of approximately 1 LPM to approximately 100 LPM or any of the sub-ranges described above. In some cases, neonates (i.e., infants) may be supplied with a gas flow rate of 2 L / min per kg based on the neonatal weight. The delivered gas may contain a certain percentage of oxygen.In some configurations, the percentage of oxygen in the delivered gas can be approximately 20% to 100%, or approximately 30% to 100%, or approximately 40% to 100%, or approximately 50% to 100%, or approximately 60% to 100%, or approximately 70% to 100%, or approximately 80% to 100%, or approximately 90% to 100%, or approximately 100%, or 100%.

[0492] During high-flow therapy, the delivered gas flow can generally meet or exceed the patient's inspiratory demand, increasing the patient's oxygenation and / or reducing the work of breathing. Furthermore, high-flow therapy can create a flushing effect in the nasopharynx, so that the anatomical dead space of the upper airway is flushed out by the high-flow inflow of gas. This creates a reservoir of fresh gas available for all breathing while minimizing rebreathing of carbon dioxide, nitrogen, etc.

[0493] Another form of respiratory support device may be a standalone humidifier device comprising a main housing and a humidifier 12. The standalone humidifier device includes a base unit comprising a heater plate and a receiving portion for a humidification chamber. A humidification chamber having a conductive base may also be configured to hold a certain amount of humidification fluid, such as water, and may be detachably positioned on the humidifier device such that the conductive base of the humidification chamber is in contact with the heater plate. The heater plate heats the contents of the humidification chamber to humidify the gas as it passes through the chamber. The heater plate is controlled based on one or more sensors incorporated into the humidifier. The humidifier is connected to a conduit that carries the humidified gas. The conduit includes heater wires extending along the length of the conduit. The conduit may also include sensors at its ends that are used for feedback control of at least the heater wires within the conduit and can also be used to control the operation of the heater plate. The standalone humidifier may be used with any suitable gas source, such as a wall-mounted gas source, a ventilator, or compressed gas. An exemplary standalone humidifier device is described in International Publication No. 2015 / 038013. The contents of this specification are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. The breathing interfaces described herein may be used in conjunction with standalone humidifiers.

[0494] The respiratory interface 17 may be an open interface for preventing barotrauma (e.g., tissue damage to the lungs or other organs of the respiratory system caused by a pressure difference relative to the atmosphere). The respiratory interface may be a nasal cannula having a manifold and nasal prongs, and / or a face mask, and / or a nasal pillow mask, and / or a nasal mask, and / or a tracheostomy interface, or any other suitable type of respiratory interface (i.e., patient interface).

[0495] As described below, the respiratory support device 10 has various features to support the function, use, and / or configuration of the respiratory support device 10.

[0496] The following description relates to a respiratory interface that may be used in conjunction with the respiratory support devices described above to provide respiration. This respiratory interface may be used for neonates, children, or adults. The prongs may be sized to suit different patient populations.

[0497] The respiratory interfaces described herein may be used to treat several different patient groups requiring respiratory support, such as patients with COPD or those with acute respiratory illness. The respiratory interfaces may be used in hospital or home care settings. The respiratory interfaces described herein may be used to deliver respiratory flow rates that may fall within the range of high-flow therapy as described above.

[0498] The various configurations of respiratory interfaces described herein are for delivering gas and / or supplying a gas flow to a patient. The gas may be humidified or unhumidified. Furthermore, each configuration described herein is also suitable for supplying a fluid containing a mixture of gas and liquid to a patient.

[0499] Various configurations of respiratory interfaces are used to deliver respiratory gases to users, such as patients. Examples of respiratory gases may be air, oxygen, or mixtures of gases.

[0500] The various configurations of the respiratory interface described herein are used to deliver a respiratory gas flow to a patient. The respiratory flow rate may be similar to the flow rates described above as high-flow therapy; that is, the magnitude of the respiratory gas flow delivered by the interfaces described herein may be within the range described with respect to "high-flow therapy" or "nasal high-flow." The respiratory interfaces described herein can supply a gas flow rate equal to or exceeding the user's maximum inspiratory demand, thereby reducing or preventing the entrainment of ambient air. Alternatively, the various configurations of the respiratory interface described herein may be used to deliver a respiratory flow rate of the magnitude described above, but may not exceed the maximum inspiratory demand, or may entrain some ambient air. The respiratory gas flow delivered by the respiratory interfaces described herein may or may not be humidified.

[0501] The breathing interface described herein may be used to supply a gas flow similar to the flow rates described above as “high-flow therapy” by having one side (i.e., one nostril) not sealed and the other nostril sealed. The unsealed nostril reduces the likelihood of barotrauma to the patient (i.e., the user). This is because there is one unobstructed airway that allows the user to exhale and / or provide sufficient leakage, thus preventing barotrauma.

[0502] In the following explanation, "proximal" refers to the proximal part of the patient's nostrils at the time of use, and "distal" refers to the distal part of the patient's nostrils at the time of use.

[0503] The following is a summary of the features of the respiratory interface (i.e., patient interface) of this disclosure for delivering gas to one nostril of a patient.

[0504] Here, with reference to Figures 2 to 16, the first configuration of the respiratory interface 100 for delivering gas to one nostril of a patient is described. Figures 2 to 8 show various diagrams of the respiratory interface 100 after assembly, and Figure 9 shows the respiratory interface 100 disassembled. The respiratory interface 100 includes a gas delivery assembly comprising prongs 200, a conduit 300, a conduit connector 400, and a support 500. Each of these components and their interactions with each other will be described in more detail below.

[0505] In the illustrated configuration, the prong is a single-closed nasal prong 200. The single-closed nasal prong is interchangeable between nostrils so that it can engage with and close either nostril. When the breathing interface is in the working position, the single-closed prong substantially closes (i.e. substantially obstructs) one of the user's nostrils (i.e., the external nostril).

[0506] The single-seal nasal prong 200 has a front and opposing rear surface, a left surface and opposing right surface, a top surface and opposing bottom surface. These surfaces are shown in Figure 10A. The single-seal nasal prong 200 includes a seal body 201, an inlet 203, a gas passage 204, and an outlet 205. The seal body 201 is configured to seal one of the patient's nostrils. The cross-sectional view shown in Figure 10B shows that the single-seal nasal prong 200 has a wall 206 that defines the outer surface of the single-seal nasal prong 200. The wall 206 also defines the gas passage 204 between the inlet 203 and the outlet 205.

[0507] The prong inlet 203 is configured to receive gas from a gas supply element, such as a conduit. The prong inlet 203 is approximately circular. When viewed from below, the prong inlet 203 is located in the center of the prong 200. The cross-section of the prong inlet 203 is substantially the same as that of the conduit outlet 305 (Figure 9A). The shape of the prong inlet 203 is substantially the same as that of the conduit outlet 305. The size of the prong inlet 203 is also substantially the same as that of the conduit outlet 305. In the first illustrated configuration, the conduit outlet 305 is received within the prong inlet 203, connecting a single closed nasal prong 200 to the conduit 300. The similar size and shape between the prong inlet 203 and the conduit outlet 305 means that there is minimal flow resistance between the conduit 300 and the single closed nasal prong 200 because there is no flow limiting section. This configuration means that the delivery of substances such as atomized gas is improved because the delivered gas is not ejected. Furthermore, because there are no flow-limiting parts such as sharp corners, edges, or other protrusions, changes in gas velocity are minimized.

[0508] This configuration provides stability because the conduit is coaxial with the prongs. The coaxial conduit reduces the bending moment of the tube relative to the interface. The low bending moment is because the tube hangs substantially vertically downward and does not extend to one side of the interface. The low bending moment improves the stability of the interface when it is above the user's face.

[0509] As shown in Figure 2, the change in conduit direction up to the single sealed nasal prong 200 is minimal. The advantage of this configuration is that the relatively straight conduit, with fewer cross-sectional limitations than a conduit having bends and curves, results in reduced noise and pressure loss.

[0510] The conduit 300 and prong 200 are configured to reduce flow resistance from the gas source to the nostril. That is, there are no flow-limiting sections within the conduit 300 and single-closed nasal prong 200, or between the conduit 300 and the single-closed nasal prong 200. The conduit and prong configuration does not include bends, curves, sharp angles, or features extending into the flow path. While some flow resistance exists due to the conduit and prong themselves, it will be understood that there are no additional flow-limiting sections.

[0511] The conduit 300, directly coupled to the prong 200, provides a direct connection without any change in the direction of the gas. The prong inlet and conduit outlet are coaxial, allowing the gas to move linearly through the conduit to the prong and then out of the prong.

[0512] The prong outlet 205 is configured to supply gas to the patient. Referring to the orientation of the single-close nasal prong 200 in Figure 13, the prong outlet 205 is located approximately midway between the left and right sides. In one example, the prong outlet 205 is located approximately midway between the left and right sides and between the front and back sides. This approximately midway position allows the single-close nasal prong to seal either of the patient's nostrils (i.e., external nostrils) when inserted into either nostril.

[0513] The single closed nasal prong 200 is symmetrical, and the prong outlet 205 is approximately centrally located; therefore, the single closed nasal prong 200 is orientation-independent. That is, the single closed nasal prong 200 can be used in any nostril. The prong 200 is orientation-independent of the nostril, which means that the prong outlet is symmetrical so that the prong 200 can be used in any nostril and the same can be achieved in each of the user's nostrils.

[0514] Furthermore, the vertical orientation of the single-close nasal prong can be changed. Referring to Figure 1b, which shows the orientation of interface 100 when used in a patient, the front of the single-close nasal prong is positioned lower than the posterior. That is, the front is closer to the patient's lips, and the posterior is closer to the patient's nose. The symmetry of the single-close nasal prong described above allows the single-close nasal prong 200 to be used with the front above the posterior, and alternatively, a considerable seal of the nostril can still be achieved even if the posterior is above the front.

[0515] The prong exit 205 and prong inlet 203 in the illustrated configuration are concentric. That is, the prong exit 205 and prong inlet 203 share a common center. In other words, the prong exit 205 and prong inlet 203 are coaxial because they share a common central axis. The prong inlet 203 is substantially circular, and the prong exit 205 is elliptical. The shape of the passage 204 changes from circular near the prong inlet 203 to elliptical near the prong exit 205.

[0516] Alternatively, the prong outlet 205 and the prong inlet may be offset from each other. That is, the centers of the prong inlet 203 and the prong outlet 205 may be offset from each other. In this alternative configuration, the wall connecting the prong inlet 203 and the prong outlet 205 still defines the gas passage from the prong inlet 203 to the prong outlet 205.

[0517] Alternatively, the prong inlet 203 may be elliptical. In some configurations, when viewed upward from the prong inlet 203, the major axis of the prong inlet 203 and the major axis of the prong outlet 205 may intersect, for example, be orthogonal. In some configurations, when viewed upward from the prong inlet 203, the major axis of the prong inlet 203 and the major axis of the prong outlet 205 may be parallel, for example, coplanar.

[0518] The prong outlet 205 is smaller than the prong inlet 203. In particular, the cross-sectional area of ​​the prong outlet 205 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the prong inlet 203. The radius of the prong outlet 205 is smaller than the radius of the prong inlet 203.

[0519] The sealing body 201 and prong outlet 205 of the single-closed nasal prong 200 in the illustrated configuration are arranged so that one of the patient's nostrils is substantially sealed and gas is supplied to that nostril from the prong outlet 205, while the other of the patient's nostrils is not sealed and does not receive a direct supply of gas from the outlet. The gas is supplied directly from the single-closed nasal prong 200 to the sealed nostril. The other nostril may receive some gas, but the gas is received indirectly. The other nostril is not obstructed by the single-closed nasal prong 200 so that the patient can breathe normally through that nostril.

[0520] When using the respiratory interface 100, the single sealed nasal prong 200 seals one of the patient's nostrils but not the other, so that approximately 50% of the patient's nose is sealed. The patient exhales most of the exhaled gas through the path of least resistance, i.e., through the unsealed nose. The illustrated respiratory interface 100 is configured to seal at least 50% of the external nostrils with which the interface engages. Preferably, the respiratory interface 100 is shaped and configured to seal at least 75% of the external nostrils with which the interface engages.

[0521] Referring to Figures 14 and 15, the sealing prong 200 is spherical or spherical. The seal body 201 tapers inward from the inlet to the outlet. In one configuration, the sealing prong 200 is dome-shaped. A single sealing nose prong may have other similar shapes, such as raindrop, oval, or egg-shaped.

[0522] The single, closed nasal prong 200 has a relatively wide base region including a prong inlet 203 and a connecting region, and a relatively narrow tip region including a prong outlet 205. The area between the base region and the tip region is a transition region.

[0523] The base region includes outwardly extending walls. The walls extend outward and have a substantially convex shape. The base region also defines the coupling region for prongs for coupling to the gas delivery conduit.

[0524] The apical region includes an upright wall defining the prong exit. The wall is an upward-extending wall angled inward. The apical region can be considered to be frustoconical in shape.

[0525] The transition region includes a wall connecting the base region and the tip region. The transition region may include multiple transition regions. In particular, the transition region may include an outwardly curved region that tapers toward the exit. The diameter or major axis of the gas passage within the transition region decreases. The transition region may include a bent region near the tip region, particularly at the intersection of the tip region and the transition region. In the bent zone / region, the curvature of the wall transitions from an outwardly curved portion to a straight / slightly inwardly curved portion. The bent region is a mixture of the transition region and the tip region.

[0526] In any configuration where the entrance is circular and the exit is oval, the transition region may also include a change in shape from a circular cross-section in the base region to an oval / elliptical shape in the tip region.

[0527] The outer surface of the single-closed nasal prong 200 is curved in a nearly convex manner. That is, the overall shape of the outer surface is curved and curves outward. The outer surface of the single-closed nasal prong 200 tapers inward from the inlet end to the outlet end, with the inlet end being larger than the outlet end.

[0528] The wall thickness of the prongs may range from 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm. In further examples, the wall thickness of the prongs is approximately 0.7 mm to approximately 0.8 mm. The wall 206 contains a flexible or compliant material. The material is a flexible, inelastic material. A preferred material is silicone. Alternatively, the prongs may be made of a biocompatible plastic material.

[0529] The single-closed nasal prong 200 maintains the shape shown in Figures 10 to 15 due to the combination of its flexible material and dome shape. The single-closed nasal prong 200 maintains its shape when gas is flowing through the gas passage 204 and when gas is not flowing through the gas passage 204. Alternatively, the material may be an elastic material, and the single-closed nasal prong maintains the shape shown in Figures 10 to 15 due to the combination of the flexible material, the dome shape, and the elastic material. In this alternative configuration, the combination of the elastic material and the dome shape of the single-closed nasal prong 200 helps the single-closed nasal prong maintain the shown shape. The coupling includes a thickened wall to create a more rigid structure in the coupling region 235.

[0530] The walls 206 of the single-seal nasal prong 200 should be sufficiently robust to prevent collapse. That is, the walls should not buckle but be flexible enough to bend or elastically deform to conform to the shape of the nostril. The portion of the single-seal nasal prong 200 between the base region and the tip region has a certain wall thickness, allowing the prong to bend while preventing buckling and sealing the nostril. For example, in some configurations, the exit end of the seal body 201 may have a relatively thinner wall thickness compared to the rest of the wall. A thinner wall thickness may enhance patient comfort. In other configurations, the wall thickness at the exit end may be the same as the wall thickness of the rest of the wall. A thicker wall may prevent the wall from collapsing when the single-seal nasal prong 200 is inserted into the patient's nostril.

[0531] When positioned in one of the patient's nostrils, the outer surface of the single-seal nasal prong 200 seals the inner surface of that nostril. The sealing surface is the outer surface of the wall defining the single-seal nasal prong 200. The single-seal nasal prong 200 seals against the tissue of the nostril. The single-seal nasal prong seals the nostril when gas is flowing through the gas passage 204 and when gas is not flowing through the gas passage 204. The sealing body 201 and outlet 205 of the single-seal nasal prong 200 are positioned so that one of the patient's nostrils is substantially sealed and gas is supplied to that nostril from the outlet, while the other of the patient's nostril is not sealed and does not receive a direct gas supply from the outlet. The single-seal nasal prong 200 is interchangeable between the patient's nostrils. When the single-seal nasal prong is inserted into the other nostril, it seals that nostril.

[0532] The interface has a single prong 200 and, in some configurations, does not have a manifold. In these configurations, the other nostril is completely without the interface. As seen in Figure 1B, the interface interacts with only one of the patient's nostrils and does not engage with the other nostril. The other nostril is not engaged with or otherwise interacting with the prong, manifold, or any other feature of the interface. The interface may be positioned on the patient's face such that one nostril does not receive gas from the conduit 300.

[0533] When the patient's nostrils are not sealed, the single-seal nasal prong 200 may have the shape shown in Figures 10 to 15. When in use, the single-seal nasal prong 200 may bend and elastically deform to conform to the shape of the patient's nostrils, forming a seal with the nostrils. The single-seal nasal prong 200 may fit precisely to the patient's nostrils. In this case, the single-seal nasal prong can completely seal the patient's nostrils. As mentioned above, since the single-seal nasal prong 200 blocks one of the patient's nostrils but not the other, the patient's nose is sealed by at least 50%. More specifically, when in use, at least 50% of the external nostrils are sealed. The prong 200 obstructs more than 75% of the external nostrils. More preferably, when in use, the prong is sized such that more than 90% of one external nostril is obstructed.

[0534] The single-closed nasal prong 200 substantially blocks one of the patient's nostrils but not the other, so the patient's nose is sealed by approximately 50%. The patient breathes through the path of least resistance, i.e., through the unsealed nostril, especially when exhaling.

[0535] The elliptical shape of the prong opening allows for a customizable fit. This is because the long axis compresses as the prong is inserted into the nostril (the length of the long axis contributes to the flexibility of the opening), while the short axis provides structural support to prevent the prong from buckling. Therefore, the prong can fit a variety of different nose shapes / sizes.

[0536] The oval shape more closely conforms to the shape of the nasal cavity and nasal opening. This means that the gas can be delivered to the patient more effectively and efficiently.

[0537] Alternatively, the single-closed nasal prong 200 may be adapted to a shape that is nearly identical to the shape of the patient's nostrils, but with one or more differences. In this case, the single-closed nasal prong may partially seal the patient's nostrils. Therefore, the single-closed nasal prong may be adapted to the shape of the patient's nostrils.

[0538] With regard to the above description of the seal provided by the prongs, it will be understood that it is the body of the prongs that enables such a seal provided by the seal body 201.

[0539] Referring to Figure 4, the prong outlet 205 has a length L1. This is the longest dimension of the prong outlet 205. The prong outlet 205 also has a width W1. This is the widest dimension of the prong outlet 205. The ratio of the width of the prong outlet 205 to the length of the prong outlet 205 is approximately 0.4 to approximately 0.9. This ratio can be, for example, approximately 0.4 to approximately 0.6, approximately 0.6 to approximately 0.8, approximately 0.8 to approximately 0.9, approximately 0.4 to approximately 0.5, approximately 0.5 to approximately 0.6, approximately 0.6 to approximately 0.7, or approximately 0.7 to approximately 0.8.

[0540] The length of the prong outlet may be 4 mm to 15 mm. Preferably, this length is 6 mm to 11 mm. The width of the prong outlet may be 1.5 mm to 13.5 mm. Preferably, the width of the prong outlet is 3.5 mm to 6.5 mm. The length of the illustrated prong outlet 205 design is 9.48 mm and the width is 5.94 mm. The ratio of the prong outlet 205 to the conduit outlet 305 is 0.72. The ratio of the cross-sectional area of ​​the prong outlet 205 to the cross-sectional area of ​​the seal base is 0.33. The cross-sectional area of ​​the base is shown in gray shading in Figure 12.

[0541] The length of the single sealed nasal prong 200 is greater than the width of the single sealed nasal prong 200. The ratio of the length to the width of the single sealed nasal prong 200 may be 1.01 to 2, preferably 1.4 to 1.6, and more preferably 1.50 to 1.55.

[0542] The Prong 200 can be offered in different sizes, such as small, medium, and large. In the illustrated configuration, the dimensions of the ellipse from minor axis to major axis are small: 5.3 mm × 7.7 mm, medium: 5.9 mm × 9.4 mm, and large: 6.7 mm × 11.5 mm, with approximate ratios of small: 0.69, medium: 0.63, and large: 0.58.

[0543] The relationship between the width and length of the prong opening 205 provides flexibility to the opening, allowing it to fit various nostril shapes. The length of the prong opening 205 allows it to be shaped or deformed to match the user's nostrils. At the same time, the width of the prong opening 205 provides some structural support.

[0544] The ratio of the cross-sectional area of ​​the prong outlet 205 to the cross-sectional area of ​​the conduit outlet 305 is about 0.2 to about 1. Preferably, this ratio is about 0.5 to about 0.8. More preferably, this ratio is about 0.7 to about 0.8. In the illustrated configuration, this ratio is about 0.72. The ratio of the cross-sectional area of ​​the prong outlet 205 to the cross-sectional area of ​​the seal base (shown as gray shading in Figure 13) is about 0.33.

[0545] Referring to Figures 10 to 15, the overall shape of the seal tapers gently from the wide distal portion at the inlet 203 to the narrow region at the prong outlet 205. In other words, the seal tapers proximal.

[0546] The opening size of the prong inlet 203 is larger than that of the prong outlet 205. The taper includes a convex curvature that terminates at the protruding prong outlet 205. The curvature, in combination with the thin wall, allows the seal wall to conform to and gently press against the inner surface of the nostril, thereby forming a seal.

[0547] The single-seal nasal prong 200 includes a flexible seal portion 233 provided by a wall 206. The flexible portion 233 is configured to bend to substantially conform to the shape of the patient's nostril. The wall thickness of the flexible portion 233 is approximately 0.7 mm to approximately 0.8 mm.

[0548] The thinner wall thickness of wall 233 compared to the wall thickness of joint 235 provides flexibility to wall 233. Due to the thinner wall thickness of wall 233 compared to joint 235, wall 233 can bend and elastically deform to conform to the shape of the nostril, thereby sealing the nostril.

[0549] Figure 12 shows that the seal body 201 is substantially symmetrical between the left and right sides, with the left surface being a mirror image of the right surface. Referring to the orientation of the single sealing nasal prong 200 in Figure 12, the seal body 201 is also substantially symmetrical between the front and rear surfaces when viewed from above, with the front surface being a mirror image of the rear surface.

[0550] Referring to the orientation of the single-seal nasal prong 200 in Figure 12, the prong outlet 205 is located in the center of the prong body 201 between the left and right sides. The horizontally central position allows the prong to be adjusted to seal either one of the nostrils, thereby providing treatment to the patient. The central position of the prong outlet 205, along with the symmetry of the single-seal nasal prong 200, allows the single-seal nasal prong 200 to be swapped from one nostril to the other during use. Due to the position and shape of the prong outlet 205, the prong seals either nostril equally well. The configuration in Figure 12 also shows that the prong outlet 205 is located in the center of the prong body 201 between the front and rear sides so that the prong can be inserted either with the front side above the rear side or vice versa. In some alternative configurations, the outlet may be offset from the horizontal axis (neither collinear nor coincident), offset from the vertical axis, or offset from both the vertical and horizontal axes.

[0551] The outlet 205 of the single-seal nasal prong 200 is centered relative to the seal body 201 when viewed from above. Referring to the orientation of the single-seal nasal prong 200 in Figure 12, the outlet is centered between the left and right sides and between the front and rear sides, and is concentrically centered relative to the seal body. When assembled with the conduit 300, the prong outlet 205 is centered on the conduit outlet 305. The central axis of the single-seal nasal prong is aligned with the central axis of the conduit outlet 305.

[0552] The outlet 205 has a nearly oval cross-section. Referring to Figure 12, the prong outlet 205 in the illustrated configuration has an elliptical cross-section. The ellipse has a major axis extending between the front and rear surfaces and a minor axis extending between the left and right surfaces. The elliptical cross-section has a minor radius or small chord radius (indicated by circle 205a) and a major radius or large chord (indicated by circle 205b). In the illustrated configuration, the minor radius is approximately 2 mm and the major radius is approximately 7 mm. The cross-section of the outlet may have a minor radius of approximately 1 mm to approximately 3 mm. The minor radius may be approximately 1.5 mm or approximately 2.5 mm. The cross-section of the outlet may have a major radius of approximately 4 mm to approximately 24 mm. The semi-major radius may be approximately 5 mm, 6 mm, 7 mm, 8 mm, 9 mm, 10 mm, 11 mm, 12 mm, 13 mm, 14 mm, 15 mm, 16 mm, 17 mm, 18 mm, 19 mm, 20 mm, 21 mm, 22 mm, or 23 mm. The minor radius 205a defines the curvature of the front and rear regions of the prong outlet 205. The semi-major radius 205b defines the curvature of the left and right regions of the prong outlet 205.

[0553] The oval shape of the prong outlet 205 allows it to adapt to a variety of different nose shapes. This is because the major radius of the opening makes the outlet 205 more easily deformable compared to a circular outlet, thus increasing its ability to adapt to different nose shapes.

[0554] In some configurations, the single-closed nasal prong 200 has a seal portion that seals the user's nostrils and a joint portion that connects to a support and / or conduit. Relatively thin seal portions and relatively thick joint portions are shown in the cross-sectional view of Figure 10B. These portions are flexible and rigid relative to each other. That is, the flexible portion is more flexible than the rigid portion, and vice versa, but the rigid portion has some softness, compliance, or flexibility. In the illustrated configuration, the single-closed nasal prong is made from a flexible or compliant material, and the rigidity of the rigid portion depends on the relative thickness of the rigid portion to the flexible portion. The flexible portion seals the user's nostrils, and the rigid portion connects to a support and / or conduit. The single-closed nasal prong 200 also includes a rigid joint portion 235. The rigid joint portion 235 is connected to or can be connected to a gas flow assembly. The rigid joint portion is also provided by a wall. The rigid joint portion 235 provides stability to the single-closed nasal prong 200. The rigid joint 235 is more rigid than the other parts of the single sealed nose prong 200. In the shown configuration, the rigid joint 235 is rigid by having a relatively thick wall. For example, the wall thickness of the rigid joint is about 1.5 mm to about 4 mm. The wall thickness may be about 2 mm, about 2.5 mm, about 3 mm, or about 3.5 mm. Alternatively, the rigid or less flexible areas may be formed of a different material that is more rigid than the material of the flexible parts. The rigid joint 235 has two inwardly extending flanges 235a and flange 235b. The flange 235b closest to the inlet is the lip 235. Flange 235a is an undercut formed by an undercut of a forming tool. The single sealed nose prong 200 has a groove or recess 235c between the lip 235b and the undercut 235a. When assembled, the recess 235c receives the flange 405 of the connector 400.

[0555] Because the flexible section 233 has a wall 233 that is thinner than the thickness of the joint 235, the flexible section 233 is more flexible than the relatively rigid joint 235. The wall of the flexible region 233 can bend and elastically deform to conform to the shape of the nostrils, thereby sealing the nostrils. The single sealing nasal prong 200 may undergo local bending, elastic deformation, or both. The flexible region 233 with its thin-walled section allows some parts of the flexible region to bend, i.e., local bending or local deformation. This local bending allows for improved sealing of a wide range of different nasal shapes. Local bending allows the prong to conform to the shape of the nostrils.

[0556] As described above, the prong inlet 203 is circular and the prong outlet 205 is elliptical. The transition between the prong inlet 203 and the prong outlet 205 is determined by the prong wall 206 shown in Figure 10B. Referring to the cross-sectional view shown in Figure 10B, the wall thickness of the flexible seal remains approximately constant. The shape of the gas passage corresponding to the flexible seal is similar to the shape of the outer surface of the single sealed nose prong 200. Referring to Figures 10A and 10B, the gas passage within the joint is a cylindrical passage.

[0557] Figures 10C and 10D show cross-sectional views of a single, sealed nasal prong 200. Figure 10C shows a cross-sectional view through the plane indicated by the horizontal line in Figure 4. Figure 10D shows a cross-sectional view through the plane indicated by the vertical line in Figure 4. Comparing Figures 10C and 10D, it can be seen that the flexible section 233 has approximately the same wall thickness, while the relatively rigid joint 235 is larger in Figure 10D than in Figure 10C. At the same time, the relatively rigid joint 235, having its corresponding flanges 235a and 235b and corresponding recess 235c, provides an area of ​​the same dimensions or shape for receiving the flange 405 of the connector 400. In this way, prongs 200 of different sizes or configurations can be connected to the same connector 400. This provides a single interface that can be used with prongs 200 of different sizes or configurations depending on the patient. Thus, prongs of different sizes or configurations have the same fit to fit the same or a single interface connector 400.

[0558] Figure 14 shows the single-closed nasal prong 200 from the left side. The right side of the single-closed nasal prong is identical to the left side. Starting from the entrance 203, the base region includes the bottom surface 207 of the single-closed nasal prong 200. The bottom surface 207 is concave or curved inward. Adjacent to this, the lowest surface 209 of the single-closed nasal prong 200 curves outward to form a lobe. The lobe extends to the periphery and can be seen in both Figure 14 and Figure 15. The surface of the lobe transitions into a transition region. The transition region includes a relatively short, nearly vertical surface (when viewed as the profile shown in Figure 14). The relatively short, nearly vertical surface transitions into a gently outward-curving surface 213, i.e., a shallowly outward-curving surface. The central surface of the single-closed nasal prong 200 is a relatively flat surface that tapers inward. The tip includes a rim 219 and an inwardly curved surface 217 between the central surface 215 and the rim 219. The transitions between each surface are smooth. The upper edge 219 of the single closed nose prong 200 also forms the rim of the exit 205.

[0559] Figure 15 shows the single-closed nasal prong 200 from the front. The rear side of the single-closed nasal prong is identical to the front side. Starting from the entrance 203, the base region includes the bottom surface 209 of the single-closed nasal prong 200. The bottom surface 209 is curved outward. The lobe can be seen in this figure as surface 223. The surface of the lobe is curved outward, and the surface of the lobe extends upward. The curved surface 221 and the curved surface 223 intersect at point 222, resulting in a slightly sharp transition. That is, surface 223 transitions from an arc of a first radius to an arc of a second radius defining surface 221. The second radius is greater than the first radius. The transition from surface 223 to surface 221 defines a change in surface curvature and direction. The transition region may define a fillet, i.e., a rounded edge.

[0560] Moving upwards, the transition region includes a relatively flat, vertically extending surface 225. The subsequent surface also extends nearly vertically but has a slight outward curve. The central portion of the single closed nasal prong 200 is a relatively flat surface 229 that tapers inward. In the diagram shown in Figure 15, the tip includes a rim 219 and an inwardly curved surface 231 between the central surface 229 and the rim 219. The transitions between each surface, except for the transition between surface 221 and surface 223, are smooth transitions. Regions 235, 227, and 225 may be more rigid than the other surfaces. These surfaces are harder than surface 233. These regions form the rigider joint of the prong. Regions 223, 208, and 221 may be more flexible than regions 235, 227, and 225, but harder than region 233, in order to allow the bottom of the prong to bend when accepted into the cuff.

[0561] Comparing Figure 14 and Figure 15, it can be seen that the left surface corresponds to the front surface. For example, surface 211 in Figure 14 corresponds to surface 225 in Figure 15. In the illustrated configuration, surfaces 211 and 225 have a smooth transition between them. This flat surface 225 transitions to surface 211 shown in Figure 14.

[0562] In the illustrated configuration, the opposing front and rear surfaces are substantially symmetrical with respect to each other. The front and rear surfaces are symmetrical about a vertical plane. The opposing left and right surfaces are also substantially symmetrical with respect to each other. The left and right surfaces are symmetrical about a vertical plane. Due to the symmetry of all surfaces, the exit 205 is located midway between the front and rear surfaces and midway between the left and right surfaces. The symmetrical nature of the single-seal nasal prong 200 allows it to be fitted and sealed into any nostril, thus allowing it to be inserted into the nostril in any orientation. This makes it easier for the patient or clinician to insert the prong and to move the prong from one nostril to the other. Although a patient's nostrils do not have a corresponding symmetrical shape, these configurations provide a seal for the patient's nostrils.

[0563] The single sealing nasal prong 200 has been described herein as sealing the patient's nostrils. The sealing occurs not by expansion in the presence of pressure, but by the sealing body 201 contacting the inner surface of the patient's nostrils. The sealing occurs by the sealing body contacting the outer edge of the external nostril. In some cases, the sealing body may also contact the internal region of the external nostril adjacent to the opening of the external nostril.

[0564] A single-close nasal prong is considered substantially closed if it provides occlusion of more than 50%, preferably more than 70%, of the patient's nostrils. When the prong is positioned in the working position, it occludes more than 90% of the external nostrils. In some configurations, the single-close nasal prong 200 provides a substantially closed seal. The illustrated configuration provides a nearly complete seal. There is some leakage, but it will be understood that this leakage is sufficiently small to be negligible. In other configurations, the single-close nasal prong 200 does not substantially close the patient's nostrils. The amount of occlusion controls how much pressure is delivered to the patient and how much dead space is removed.

[0565] In an alternative configuration, the sealing surface may expand / inflate as the gas flow generates pressure within the single sealing nasal prong 200. The sealing body 201 may inflate to seal the inner surface of the patient's nostrils. The prong may have a thin regional wall 233 that may collapse completely or partially in the absence of pressure or gas flow. In the presence of gas flow and pressure, the prong wall 233 may expand or inflate to seal the patient's nostrils.

[0566] Referring again to Figures 1 to 9, other features of the gas delivery assembly of the respiratory interface 100 are described here. In addition to the single sealed nasal prong 200 described above, the gas delivery assembly further includes a conduit 300. The conduit has an inlet 303 for receiving the gas flow from the gas supply unit and an outlet 305 for delivering the gas to the single sealed nasal prong 200.

[0567] In the illustrated configuration, the outlet 305 of the conduit 300 is connected to or can be connected to a single closed nasal prong 200. This connection is direct, and there are no other parts or features between the conduit outlet and the prong inlet. The single closed nasal prong 200 and the conduit assembly form a continuous gas pathway. Alternatively, a conduit connector 400 may be positioned between the conduit outlet and the prong inlet. The cross-section of the prong inlet 203 is substantially similar to the cross-section of the conduit outlet 305 proximal to the patient. The shape of the prong inlet 203 is substantially similar to the shape of the conduit outlet 305. The size of the prong inlet 203 is also substantially similar to the shape of the conduit outlet 305. The gas pathway from the conduit to the prong outlet 205 may be substantially linear.

[0568] In an alternative configuration, the outlet 305 of the conduit 300 is connected to or can be connected to a single sealed nasal prong 200. This connection is between the cuff assemblies 250, 1250 and the conduit connector 400 (to which the conduits 300, 1300) are also connected. The cuffs 250, 1250 are also connected to one or more slider members 501, 1501, which facilitate the movement of the cuff along the slider members with each of the aforementioned components attached to the cuff, thereby properly orienting or positioning the prong (attached to the end of the conduit connector) and engaging it with the patient's nostril.

[0569] In an alternative configuration, the outlet 305 of the conduit 300 is connected to or can be connected to a single sealed nasal prong 200. This connection is between the cuff assembly 250, 1250 and the prong 200. That is, the conduit can be connected to the cuff 250, 1250, and the prong can be held in place by the adjacently positioned prong and cuff and conduit outlet assembly. In this way, such an assembly may be provided by a friction-fit configuration for gripping or holding the prong in place relative to the cuff. In such a configuration, the conduit connector 400 may be absent.

[0570] In an alternative configuration, the outlet 305 of the conduit 300 is connected to or can be connected to a single closed nasal prong 200. This connection is direct, and there are no other parts or features between the conduit outlet and the prong inlet. The single closed nasal prong 200 and the conduit assembly form a continuous gas pathway. Alternatively, a conduit connector 400 may be positioned between the conduit outlet and the prong inlet. The cross-section of the prong inlet 203 is substantially similar to the cross-section of the conduit outlet 305 proximal to the patient. The shape of the prong inlet 203 is substantially similar to the shape of the conduit outlet 305. The size of the prong inlet 203 is also substantially similar to the shape of the conduit outlet 305. As a result, the gas pathway from the conduit to the prong outlet 205 may be substantially straight.

[0571] In some configurations, the single sealed nose prong 200 and the conduit assembly form a direct fluid coupling, allowing gas to flow directly through the tube to the prong. The conduit is configured to deliver gas directly to the single sealed nose prong without passing through any other components. There are no components (such as a manifold) between the conduit outlet 305 and the inlet 203 of the single sealed nose prong 200. The reduced number of components compared to conventional interfaces reduces the size of the interface and also reduces friction / flow resistance. The direct coupling of the tube to the prong allows most, or almost all, of the flow to be supplied to the prong. The reduced flow resistance provides a quieter (i.e., less noisy) interface, as well as reduced pressure loss within the interface.

[0572] As shown in Figures 1B and 2, the change in the direction of the conduit up to the single closed nasal prong 200 is minimal. The conduit 300 is directly coupled to the single closed nasal prong 200. The single closed nasal prong 200 and the conduit 300 share a common axis. More specifically, the conduit outlet 305 and the inlet of the single closed nasal prong 200 are coaxial (i.e., share a common axis). In the illustrated configuration, the prong outlet is also positioned to share a common axis with the prong inlet and the conduit outlet. An advantage of this configuration is that the relatively straight flow path, with fewer cross-sectional limitations than a flow path with bends and curves, results in reduced noise and pressure loss. In some configurations, the support is outside the gas supplied to the conduit or single closed nasal prong, or is separated from the gas supplied to the conduit or single closed nasal prong, or does not form part of the gas supplied to the conduit or single closed nasal prong. For example, the conduit may be fluidically separated from the support, or the support may not form part of the gas passage for the gas supplied to the single closed nasal prong. In a further configuration, the conduit 300 is provided to be in fluid communication only with the single closed nasal prong 200 (and cuff 250). In some configurations, the conduit 300 is not in fluid communication with the support 500. In some configurations, the conduit 300 is separated from and / or not connected to the support 500, or is directly connected to it.

[0573] The conduit 300 and prong 200 are configured to reduce flow resistance from the gas source to the nostril. That is, there is a low flow limit within the conduit 300 and the single sealed nasal prong 200, or between the conduit 300 and the single sealed nasal prong 200. The conduit and prong configuration does not include bends, curves, sharp angles, or features extending into the flow path. While some flow resistance exists as the gas flows through the conduit and prong itself, it will be understood that no additional flow limiting elements are present.

[0574] As previously mentioned, the conduit 300 is directly coupled to the single closed nasal prong 200. In the illustrated configuration, the conduit outlet 305 is received within the prong inlet 203, connecting the single closed nasal prong 200 to the conduit 300. The conduit 300, directly coupled to the prong 200, provides a direct connection without any change in the direction of the gas. The prong inlet and conduit outlet are coaxial, allowing the gas to travel linearly through the conduit 300 to the single closed nasal prong 200 and then exit from the single closed nasal prong.

[0575] Furthermore, the conduit outlet 305, cuff opening 261, and prong inlet 203 have similar diameters. The conduit outlet 305 is aligned with the cuff opening 261 (i.e., the cuff inlet 261), and the cuff opening 261 is further aligned with the prong inlet 203 and the prong outlet 205, maintaining a substantially straight gas path from the conduit to the single sealed nasal prong 200.

[0576] In some configurations, the conduit assembly includes a conduit connector 400 that facilitates coupling between the conduit 300 and the cuff 250. The conduit connector 400 is a sleeve that is received or can be received into the conduit at or near the conduit outlet 305. The connector 400 has a male thread, and the conduit 300 has a female thread. These threads can be wound around each other to connect the connector and the conduit. The conduit 300 and the conduit connector 400 may be connected by other means. For example, the conduit 300 and the conduit connector 400 may be bonded to each other, or have other complementary engaging features such as clips and recesses, or be molded into the conduit, or include an overmolding that connects the connector 400 to the conduit 300.

[0577] The arrangement of the conduit 300 and prongs 200 improves patient comfort. In a configuration where a single, sealed nasal prong 200 seals the patient's nostril, some of the support pressure is provided by the prong's contact with the patient's nostril. Because the support pressure is provided by the prong's contact with the patient's nostril, the pressure on the patient's upper lip is reduced compared to a conventional cannula.

[0578] Here, we will describe the features of the support 500 for the single-closed nasal prong 200.

[0579] Figures 2 to 8 show the support or adjuster 500. The support 500 provides a mechanism that can provide treatment to the patient by adjusting the prong outlet 205 to seal either one of the nostrils. Modifications of the respiratory interface with adjustable prongs are described in further detail below.

[0580] The support 500 includes a pair of sliding members 501, a cuff 250 for receiving a single closed nose prong and engaging with the members 501, and a clip 503 connectable to the headgear. A corresponding clip 607 is positioned on the headgear strap. The headgear strap is removably coupled to the sliding members 501 via the clip 503. The clip 503 forms a male coupling element and is received by the corresponding clip 607 positioned on the headgear strap. Each of these components is described in further detail below.

[0581] The support 500 in this configuration has two sliding members 501. Each sliding member 501 is an elongated member with a substantially circular cross-section. The sliding members 501 extend generally parallel to each other and are connected to each other at their respective ends, forming a loop as shown in Figures 2 to 8. Each sliding member 501 is relatively rigid (compared to, for example, a single closed nasal prong) but flexible enough to be bent to conform to the patient's face.

[0582] For example, in other configurations as shown in Figures 72 to 75, the support 500 (whether there are two sliding members or a single sliding member 501) may have a pre-formed shape, configuration, or curvature.

[0583] In exemplary embodiments, the support 500, including the sliding members 501 and / or 502, may include a pre-curved or rounded profile that substantially follows or adapts to the contours of the patient's face.

[0584] Alternatively or additionally, the sliding members 501 and / or 502 may be shaped or adaptable so that, once formed, they can substantially follow or adapt to the contours of the patient's face. In exemplary embodiments, the support may be formed from a wire or material having a low deformable temperature or another ductile or moldable material so that it can be shaped to match the shape and / or size of the patient's face.

[0585] In exemplary embodiments, the support 500 includes a curve or profile of the sliding member 501 and / or sliding member 502 such that the support 500 is substantially convex with respect to the patient's face.

[0586] The pre-formed shape, configuration, or curvature may have a predetermined radius of curvature, for example, providing about 120° of a circle or about one-third of a circle, or it may be an arc-shaped configuration. The pre-formed profile may include a length or pre-curve length ranging from about 70 mm to about 110 mm or about 90 mm. Such pre-formed shapes can facilitate specific ergonomic positioning or angleing of the prong 200 exit for proper engagement with any of the patient's nostrils. In such configurations, the sliding member 501 may be a single member (for example, as shown in Figures 17-18, where the sliding member 501 is of a pre-formed shape or configuration, or otherwise formed as a curved shape) or a pair of sliding members 501, providing a pair of rails or a pair of sliding members along which the cuff 250 can move.

[0587] The sliding member 501 is made of a material having a low coefficient of friction. The sliding member 501 may also have a smooth surface. The low coefficient of friction allows the cuff 250 to slide, pivot, or slide and pivot easily with very little resistance relative to the sliding member 501. Suitable materials include nylon derivatives. In some configurations, the material of the sliding member is polyacetal (Delrin 500P NC010) or a cellulosic thermoplastic. In addition to being made from a low coefficient of friction material, the sliding member 501 is formed using injection molding techniques to give it a polished finish.

[0588] In some alternative configurations, the sliding member 501 may include a soft material covering the rigid member, such as an overmolded thermoplastic.

[0589] Figure 2 shows a cuff 250 that connects a single closed nasal prong 200 to a conduit and connects its components to a support 500. A sliding member 501 is coupled to or can be coupled to the single cuff 250, and the cuff 250 is coupled to the single closed nasal prong 200. Figure 9B shows a cross-sectional view of the sliding member 501 of the single closed nasal prong 200, cuff 250, and support 500.

[0590] The sliding member 501 is bendable. When the headgear is positioned in the operating position and coupled to the sliding member, the sliding member 501 bends or curves toward the user's face. An upward force is applied to the prongs (and supports) to form a seal with the nostrils. Due to the elasticity of the sliding member 501, the bending of the sliding member 501 causes a resultant force to act on the sliding member 501. This resultant force pulls the sliding member 501 away from the user. When the mask is in the operating position, the sliding member and clips are kept away from the face. During use, only the prongs and a portion of the headgear straps come into contact with the face, and the supports (including the sliding member) do not come into contact with the face.

[0591] A single sealed prong is advantageous because it can be removed from the support 500 without having to remove the headgear. This allows the user to change the size of the sealed prong or replace the sealed prong without having to adjust their headgear settings.

[0592] Referring to Figure 9B, the cuff 250 securely fastens the conduit 300, the conduit connector 400, and the single closed nasal prong 200 to each other. The cuff 250 has an aperture 261 through which the conduit 300 and connector 400 extend. The conduit connector 400 is fastened to the cuff 250 via a conduit joint 265 of the cuff 250. The cuff 250 has a prong joint 263. The single closed nasal prong 200 is received or receivable within the prong joint 263. The portion of the single closed nasal prong 200 that is received or receivable by the cuff 250 is the rigid portion of the single closed nasal prong 200.

[0593] The recess 235c interacts with the first flange 405 of the conduit connector 400. The conduit connector 400 has a second flange 407, which abuts against the inner surface of the cuff 250, preventing the conduit connector from being pulled out of the cuff 250, and the cuff receives the prongs.

[0594] The single-closed nasal prong 200 is received within the prong connector 263 such that the recess 235c of the single-closed nasal prong 200 engages with the flange 405 within the conduit connector 265 as the conduit connector 265 protrudes through the cuff opening 261 and interacts with the single-closed nasal prong 200. The single-closed nasal prong connector 263 is held in place by this interaction between the prong 200 and the conduit connector 265.

[0595] In an alternative configuration, a portion of the conduit connector 400 may be integrated with the cuff 250, so that the conduit connector 400 and the cuff 250 are a single component. In this configuration, the prong undercut interacts directly with the cuff.

[0596] The prong joint 263 and conduit joint of the cuff 250 are integral. Alternatively, the prong joint 263 and conduit joint of the cuff 250 may be separate parts. If the prong joint 263 and conduit joint of the cuff 250 are separate parts, they may be connected to each other, for example, by fasteners, clips or adhesives.

[0597] The prong joint 263 of the cuff 250 includes a shape that largely complements the shape of the single sealed nasal prong 200. The prong joint is bowl-shaped with an elliptical or oblong cross-section when viewed from above. The conduit assembly includes a conduit 300 and a conduit connector 400.

[0598] In another embodiment, the cuff 250 may include a plurality of cuff flanges on the outer surface of the connector body that engage with flanges (i.e., threads) on the connector in order to connect the cuff 250 to the connector 400. The internal region of the single closed nasal prong 200 does not have to include flanges, and the connector 400 may be friction-fitted to the single closed nasal prong 200, or the single closed nasal prong 200 may include projections to enable snap-fitting between the single closed nasal prong 200 and the connector 400.

[0599] The conduit connector 400 in the illustrated configuration is a sleeve having a length significantly shorter than the conduit 300. The conduit 300 and the conduit connector 400 may have complementary threaded portions. In the illustrated configuration, the threads of the conduit connector are partial threads, and these do not extend around the entire circumference of the sleeve. Alternatively, the threads may extend around the entire circumference of the sleeve. The conduit connector 400 has two outward-extending flanges 405, 407, with a space defined between the flanges. Flanges 405, 407 are located near the exit of the conduit connector 400. Flanges 405, 406 extend around the entire circumference of the sleeve. The conduit 300 and the connector may be connected by other mechanical connections, including recesses, protrusions, clips, press-fits, adhesives and / or welds.

[0600] In an alternative configuration, the threads may be on the inner surface of the conduit connector 400, which later receives the conduit 300. In this configuration, the threads on the outer surface of the conduit 300 interact with the threads 403 of the connector 400.

[0601] Various configurations are possible between the single closed nasal prong 200, the cuff 250, and the conduit connector 400. For example, the single closed nasal prong 200, the cuff 250, and the conduit connector 400 may be separate, separable components (as described above).

[0602] For example, in a further alternative configuration shown with reference to Figures 62 to 71, a medical tubing component is provided which includes a conduit connector 400 having a thread 403 and a cuff 250. The thread 403 includes at least one discontinuous region 480. The cuff 250 includes at least one projection 280 configured to interact with the discontinuous region 480 when engaged with the conduit 300 in a first direction (e.g., as indicated by arrow D' in Figure 63A). The at least one projection 280 is further configured to engage with at least a portion of the thread 403 that crosses or moves away from the discontinuous region 480 when engaged with the thread 403 in a second direction (e.g., as indicated by arrow D'' in Figure 63B).

[0603] With respect to a projection interacting with a discontinuous region, the projection is received, inserted, or housed within the discontinuous region. Thus, the discontinuous region is configured such that, before a force or motion in a second direction is applied, it is able to receive the projection, position the cuff on the conduit connector, and move (e.g., slide) it to a specific location or position.

[0604] Figure 63A shows separate components: the conduit 300, the cuff 250, and the conduit connector 400 as an intermediary or intermediate component for creating the assembly of the cuff 250 and the conduit 300. Figure 63B shows the initial engagement of the cuff 250 on the conduit connector 400. Figure 63C shows the completed final assembly with the conduit 300 also engaged or connected to the conduit connector.

[0605] Figure 76 shows a further configuration in which the conduit connector 400 has continuous threads that allow the cuff 250 to be wound directly onto the conduit connector.

[0606] The first direction is provided by the application of a first force or a first motion. See, for example, Figure 63A, which shows the first direction indicated by arrow D'.

[0607] The second direction is provided by the application of a second force or a second motion. See, for example, Figure 63B, which shows the second direction indicated by arrow D''.

[0608] As illustrated, the first direction and the second direction are different from each other. In this way, the connection between the cuff 250 and the conduit connector 400 is performed as a two-stage movement, providing a relatively secure connection with virtually no accidental or inadvertent separation. That is, separation or removal of the cuff 250 and the conduit connector 400 requires a series of active (and different) directional movements to release these parts from their connection or attachment to each other.

[0609] With respect to two different directions, the first and second directions may be substantially transverse to each other, or they may provide a first axial direction and a second rotational direction.

[0610] The first direction is roughly or substantially coincides with the axial direction of the conduit connector 400, while the second direction is roughly or substantially transverse to the axial direction of the conduit connector 400. More specifically, the second direction may be rotation for at least one projection 280 of the cuff 250 to engage with or on the threads 403 of the conduit connector 400. For example, the second direction may be axial rotation of the cuff 250 with respect to the axial direction of the conduit 300.

[0611] As the cuff 250 (having the projections 280) moves or rotates in a second direction, one or more projections 280 provided by the cuff 250 may engage with or become engaged with the threads 403 or a portion of the threads 403.

[0612] The projection 280 is configured to substantially engage with the threads 403 or a portion of the threads 403 of the conduit connector 400 when force or motion is applied in the second direction, thereby at least partially restraining or locking the cuff 250 to or on the conduit connector 400. In this way, the cuff 250 and the conduit connector 400 can be substantially further prevented from separating or removing from each other unless the reverse of the second direction and the reverse of the first direction are applied in the opposite (i.e., removal or separation) operation. Thus, when engaged, the projection 280 functions to substantially restrain or prevent axial movement or displacement of the cuff 250 and the conduit connector 400 relative to or from each other.

[0613] If more than one projection is provided, such projections may be axially offset from each other by a suitable distance such that they occupy the pitch of the threads on the conduit connector 400, such that each projection may be located in or accommodated in an adjacent area between two turns, windings, or runs of the thread 403, or at least the first projection may be located in or accommodated in an area between the run or winding of the thread 403 and the flange 407 of the connector 400. To achieve the above, the projections may be positioned on the cuff and may be positioned or arranged on the cuff at intervals, whether equidistant or unequal.

[0614] The projection 280 may function to achieve such locking or restraint when the cuff is rotated by more than about 5° or more than about 10° from the discontinuity region. Alternatively, this can be achieved by rotating the cuff 250 (having the projection 280) by about 90° from the discontinuity region 480. In a further alternative, for example, in a configuration with a single discontinuity thread 403 on the conduit connector 400 and a single projection 280 on the cuff, the cuff 250 may be rotated by more than about 170° from the discontinuity region.

[0615] Depending on the arrangement or positioning of one or more discontinuous regions 480, if the projection 280 is substantially inserted into one or more discontinuous regions 480, it will be understood that the second direction should be performed in a manner sufficient to provide engagement of the projection 280 with or near the threads 403 (e.g., A') or with regions between adjacent turns or runs of the threads (e.g., A''). See, for example, Figures 70A and 70B, which show shaded areas A' and A'' indicating potential regions that can be adapted to engagement with the projection 280.

[0616] The opening 261 of the cuff 250 has an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the conduit connector 400. In this way, the conduit connector 400 is received by the opening 261 of the cuff 250. In this way, the conduit connector 400 is provided as a substantially internal (i.e., internal with respect to the cuff which is located further out) component.

[0617] In a configuration having two protrusions 280, the distance between the protrusions 280 is less than the diameter of the thread or the distance between the outer surfaces of the thread, but greater than the diameter of the outer surface of the conduit connector 400 (on which the thread is located). In this way, the protrusions 280 fit between the outer surface of the thread and the outer surface of the conduit connector 400.

[0618] As described above, the cuff 250 may include a plurality of projections 280. In one embodiment, the cuff includes two projections. Optionally, the projections may be arranged substantially opposite each other or 180° apart, or evenly spaced around the opening 261 of the cuff 250. Alternatively, the projections may be arranged substantially evenly apart or unevenly apart. For each projection provided, a corresponding discontinuous threaded region for receiving the projection may be provided.

[0619] One or more protrusions 280 may also function as alignment mechanisms for aligning the cuff and the conduit connector relative to each other.

[0620] As described above, the thread 403 may include multiple discontinuous regions 480. In one embodiment, the thread 403 may include two discontinuous regions, for example, as shown in Figure 71. In another embodiment, a single discontinuity may be provided, for example, as shown in Figure 69.

[0621] As described herein prior to, the nasal prongs 200 are connectable to or connected to the conduit connector 400.

[0622] When the cuff 250 is in a substantially engaged position within or on the thread 403, the cuff 250 may abut or contact the nasal prong 200 or otherwise collide with it.

[0623] Since the nasal prongs 200 may be formed of a relatively soft or substantially compliant material, when the cuff 250 engages with the threads 403, the cuff 250 may at least partially compress the nasal prongs 200 or a portion thereof, or the nasal prongs 200 or a portion thereof may be at least partially compressed when the cuff 250 engages with the threads 403. Thus, a friction-fit type engagement between the cuff 250 and the nasal prongs 200 may be achieved later.

[0624] The cuff 250 and the conduit connector 400 can be attached to each other in a non-permanent manner. In this way, the cuff and the conduit connector can be removed from each other.

[0625] Depending on the configuration of the threads 403 of the conduit connector 400, the cuff 250 may be able to engage with the first thread T' of the conduit connector 400, or the cuff 250 may be able to engage with the first threaded portion T' and the second threaded portion T'' provided on the conduit connector 400.

[0626] With respect to the projection 280, the projection may be a projection that extends substantially radially inward. In such a configuration, such projection 280 may be a tab.

[0627] As shown in Figures 69 to 71, the discontinuity region 480 provides a predetermined width W' of the discontinuity sufficient to receive or accommodate the width P' of the projection 280, such that the width P' of the projection is less than the width W' of the discontinuity region 480. In this way, the projection 280 can be received and inserted into the discontinuity region 480 until it is moved in a second direction. The width H' of the region between adjacent turns of the threads 403 or between a conduit connector feature such as a flange 407 (e.g., a stop flange or a second flange 407 as shown in Figure 62) and an adjacent turn or turn may also be a height dimension sufficient to receive the height dimension of the projection.

[0628] Once the projections 280 are successfully inserted into or housed within the discontinuous region, the projections can then be engaged with the threads 403 or the turns or windings of the threads 403 by positioning each projection 280 within a region A'' which may be between adjacent turns of the threads (see, for example, Figure 70B) or within a region A' adjacent to the turns or runs of the threads 403 and features of the conduit connector 400 (such as the flange 407). The flange 407 of the conduit connector 400 may be a raised or stop flange, which provides a physical structure beyond which the projections 280 cannot be wound. Alternatively, the rotation can be stopped or prevented by increasing the amount of force required or rotational resistance as the cuff compresses the prongs due to the continuity of the conduit connector 400 continuing to rotate.

[0629] One or more discontinuous regions are sized to allow insertion or acceptance of one or more protrusions provided by the cuff. A discontinuous region is a region of the conduit connector that, for example, lacks threads 403 or has at least substantially reduced height or depth (radially) to facilitate the accommodation of protrusions within the discontinuous region.

[0630] In an alternative configuration, the cuff 250 may be provided with a shank portion 281, and the projection 280 is located on the shank portion 281, radially inward of the cuff 250, for example, the inner wall 282 of the cuff 250. The shank portion 281 may have a longitudinal length (or height) S' sufficient to position the projection 280 of the cuff 250 so that the conduit connector 400 is properly received within a region A' adjacent to a turn or run of the thread, or within a region A'' between adjacent turns of the thread. The projection 280 may be located at a distance within the height S' so that it can be properly engaged with or received by the thread of the conduit connector 400.

[0631] The cuff 250 may also include a notch 283 or recess (radially outward oriented) around the inner wall 282 of the opening 261 of the cuff 250. For example, as shown in Figure 67B, alternatively, the cuff 250 may have a notch or recess 283 instead of a projection 280 as shown in Figure 67A.

[0632] The size or dimensions of the opening of the notch 261 are larger than the dimensions of the thread 403 that will be received therein. Depending on the thread 403 of the conduit connector 400, one or more notches may be provided around the cuff 250. The notch 261 provides a feature that can receive the thread 403 and provides a path through which the thread 403 can advance as the cuff is wound over the conduit connector 400.

[0633] The notch 283 may be sized and / or shaped to facilitate the initiation of rotation of the cuff 250 around the thread 403 by facilitating the accommodation of the thread 403.

[0634] It will be understood that the thread 403 may be substantially a helical thread. The pitch of the thread 403 may be constant or may vary along the length of the thread. The pitch of the thread 403 provided on the conduit connector 400 may be substantially the same as the pitch of the conduit corrugated structure or other formation that can be wound on the thread 403 of the conduit connector. In some configurations, the pitch of the thread 403 of the conduit connector 400 may vary slightly due to the relatively flexible nature of the conduit 300 or to absorb slight differences between the pitch of the thread 403 and the characteristics of the conduit 300 that can be wound on the thread 403.

[0635] As disclosed herein, the conduit 300 can be substantially engaged with the conduit connector 400 by rotating or winding the conduit on the threads, thereby engaging these two parts and forming an assembly of the conduit 300 and the conduit connector 400, resulting in the assembly shown, for example, in Figure 8.

[0636] Selectively, the conduit 300 can engage the cuff 250 with the threads and then substantially engage with the conduit connector 400. In this way, the sequential engagement of different components provides the assembly of the cuff on the conduit connector and the assembly of the prongs and the cuff. In such a configuration, the additional pressure or force of the cuff pressed against the prongs can cause the prongs to be additionally clamped or more securely held in place or position.

[0637] In a further configuration, the conduit connector 400 may have continuous threads 403, for example, as shown in Figure 76. That is, the conduit connector 400 may be provided without any discontinuities. In this configuration, a cuff 250 including one or more protrusions 280 or one or more notches 261 can be wound onto the conduit connector in a screw-type manner, thereby providing a screw-fit assembly. Once the cuff is screwed or wound into place, the conduit 300 can be additionally (but optionally) attached to the conduit connector, whether by friction fitting or by winding the conduit 300 onto the conduit connector 400 using the threads 403. In this way, any additional (but optional) connection of the conduit to the conduit connector after the cuff has been wound (screwed) into place provides a more reliable connection or additional component that functions to hold the cuff in place and preferentially prevent or deter undesirable separation of the cuff 250 from the conduit connector 400.

[0638] In other words, Cuff is, i) The end portion of the conduit after it has been substantially engaged with the threads of the conduit connector, and ii) Near the base of the nasal prongs after the nasal prongs have been substantially engaged with the cuff, They can be held in a predetermined orientation or position by compression fitting between them.

[0639] In an alternative configuration, the conduit connector 400 and the cuff 250 may be a single, integrated component. In this alternative configuration, the single sealed nasal prong 200 and the conduit connector 400 may be separable by screw connections, friction mating, or snap mating.

[0640] In another alternative configuration, the single sealed nasal prong 200 and cuff 250 may be a single, integrated component. In this alternative configuration, the conduit connector 400 may be separable from the prong / cuff component by a screw connection, friction fit, or snap fit.

[0641] The cuff may have various different couplings, including one or more rings, hooks, or clips, for connection to a support. Figures 6 and 7 show a cuff 250 having a hook in the form of a curved finger-like portion 255 that connects to a member 501. The cuff includes projections 257 opposite each of the finger-like portions 255. The projections 257 extend outward from the cuff. The projections are located closer to the center of the cuff 250 than the finger-like portions 255. As shown in Figure 6, the projections 257 are located adjacent to the conduit inlet opening 261. Each projection 257 forms a C-shaped clip in which each of the finger-like portions 255 holds the sliding member 501. The C-shaped clips hold the sliding member to the cuff 250 as the strap pivots within the recess.

[0642] Figure 7 shows that the cuff 250 also includes a recess 259. The recess 259 allows the cuff to easily pivot relative to the sliding member 501. The cuff 250 can pivot relative to the sliding member 501 and slide along the member 501. When the cuff pivots relative to the sliding member 501, the recess 259 receives a portion of the member 501. This allows the cuff 250 to pivot relative to the member 501 while remaining held by the member 501. The recess has a substantially circular profile that complements the profile of the sliding member 501. In the illustrated configuration, the recess 259 extends about one-third of the way around the cuff 250. The cuff 250 may include two recesses facing each other. The recesses are mirror images of each other. The recesses 259 are identical in shape and dimensions. In an alternative configuration, the recess 259 may extend further, including extending around the entire circumference. In other alternative configurations, the recess 259 may extend along a shorter portion. The recess 259 allows the cuff 250, together with the single-closed nasal prong 200, to pivot or rotate relative to the support assembly 500, which includes the sliding member 501. The recess 259 provides space to receive a portion of the sliding member to facilitate the rotation of the cuff 250 and the single-closed nasal prong 200. The rotatable cuff allows the single-closed nasal prong 200 to pivot or rotate about its longitudinal axis. The sliding member allows the single-closed nasal prong to be adjusted in place and to be moved between the user's nostrils without removing the interface 100. The single-closed nasal prong can be mounted in any orientation relative to the sliding member. Furthermore, it is possible to adjust the position and orientation of the single-closed nasal prong simultaneously.

[0643] As will be described later, there is also a configuration in which the cuff 250 is not allowed to pivot and therefore does not have a recess 259. The cuff can slide only relative to the sliding member 501 and does not pivot or rotate relative to the strap.

[0644] In the configuration shown, the sliding members 501 are detachably coupled to the single-closed nasal prongs 200 via the cuff 250. Each sliding member 501 can be removed by passing it through the space between the finger-like portion 255 and the projection 257, or by bending or deforming the curved finger-like portion away from the member 501. The single-closed nasal prongs 200 can be separated from the member 501 and replaced, readjusted, or replaced with a different interface. This allows for quick and easy adjustment and enables the delivery of multiple treatments to the patient without requiring removal or adjustment of the headgear mechanism. Alternatively, the sliding members 501 are detachably or permanently coupled to the single-closed nasal prongs 200 via the cuff 250. In such a configuration, a hook or clip may be used to couple the sliding members 501 to the cuff while still allowing sliding motion to occur.

[0645] The headgear 600 is coupled to or can be coupled to the sliding member 501. In the shown configuration, the sliding member 501 includes a headgear attachment. In other configurations, the headgear attachment can take various different forms. For example, the headgear attachment may be a ring, a partial ring, or a hook into which the sliding member 501 is inserted. The sliding member 501 and / or the headgear 600 may be permanently coupled to the ring or detachably coupled to the ring. By detachably coupling the headgear to the ring, the respiratory interface can be removed while the headgear remains on the patient. A different respiratory interface can then be attached to the patient without having to refit and readjust a new headgear.

[0646] The breathing interface 100 further includes a clip 503 located at the end portion of the support 500, which is coupled to or can be coupled to a headgear. The clip may be a rectangular tab having a pair of notches for receiving a complementary projection of the headgear clip, or may be any other suitable configuration.

[0647] Clip components that may be used to attach the breathing interfaces described herein to headgear are described in their entirety in International Publication No. 2015193833, which is incorporated by reference.

[0648] In an alternative embodiment, the respiratory interface 100 may include a rectangular base, and the clip extends from the rectangular base. The rectangular base may be elongated to position the clip closer to the patient's ear when in use. In such a configuration, the rectangular base may be a rigid member. In such a configuration, the headgear may include a shorter strap as a result of the elongated rectangular base. Advantageously, this configuration may help stabilize the interface over the patient. Alternatively, any sliding member or support 500 of the respiratory interfaces disclosed herein may be elongated to position the clip closer to the patient's ear, as described herein.

[0649] The above configuration allows the single closed nasal prong 200 to translate relative to the support 500, enabling it to be interchangeably received by the patient's nostrils. During this movement, the single closed nasal prong 200 remains coupled to the support 500 and does not need to be detached from it. That is, the single closed nasal prong 200 is coupled to the support 500 when positioned in either of the patient's nostrils and when moving between the patient's nostrils. The headgear 600 applies tension to the single closed nasal prong 200, and this tension is released by the support 500. This configuration allows for lateral sliding or other movement of the support 500 without the single closed nasal prong 200 moving relative to or detaching from the patient's nostrils. The support 500 can slide relative to the prongs based on the tension or force from the headgear. The support 500 is configured to isolate the single closed nasal prong from tension while still allowing the headgear to maintain its headgear retention force when the single closed nasal prong is moved from one nostril to the other.

[0650] The support structure separates the single closed nasal prong 200 from the headgear 600, allowing the user to maintain a specific headgear setting. This allows the single closed nasal prong 200 to be moved relative to the patient's face. For example, the prong can be moved from one nostril to the other without adjusting the tension of the headgear, i.e., without adjusting the headgear setting.

[0651] The single-seal nasal prong 200 can be translated substantially horizontally across the face from one nostril to the other. Translation and rotation of the prong relative to the support allows the single-seal nasal prong 200 to be swapped from one nostril to the other and to achieve a seal with either nostril.

[0652] In the configuration of the support 500 shown in the diagram, the prongs are isolated from the forces applied by the headgear. The support 500 separates the breathing interface from the headgear, thereby preventing the prongs from moving or becoming dislodged due to forces acting on the headgear, such as the patient's head movements. The support 500 also isolates the patient's head movements from the prongs to prevent them from becoming dislodged due to the patient's head movements. The straps can move / translate relative to the prongs to accommodate the forces of the headgear and the movements of the head.

[0653] The single-closed nasal prong 200 may be translated by pivoting, sliding, or pivoting and sliding relative to the support 500. Figure 16 shows the single-closed nasal prong 200 in three different pivoting positions relative to the support 500. Other rotation angles are also possible and may be selected to better fit the patient's nostrils.

[0654] This configuration allows the sliding member 501 to slide within the recess, isolating the headgear from the tension of the cuff 250. Alternatively, the sliding member 501 can be detachably attached to the cuff 250 using a clip. In another variation, the clip is located on the sliding member.

[0655] In configurations where the cuff 250 and prong 200 are not pivotable relative to the strap, the single sealed nasal prong 200 can be precisely angled to the nose during the initial fitting.

[0656] In some configurations, the prongs 200, cuff 250, and / or interface 100 may be configured to allow the prongs to seal, or interchangeably seal, the patient's left nostril or right nostril, while allowing the prongs to remain attached to the support 500 or without being removed from or requiring removal from the support 500. In some configurations, as described above, the prongs may be translationally translatable relative to the support. Alternatively, the prongs (and / or cuff) may be fixed in position relative to the support 500. Thus, the interface can be inverted or flipped over to position the prongs in the other desired nostril without the need to reposition or rearrange the prongs on the support. In such configurations, there may be two general orientations of the interface on the patient's face. These orientations can be associated with the patient's left and right nostrils, respectively, and these two general orientations are such that a single prong may remain attached to the support or be in a static position. The interface can be rotated (i.e., around a plane substantially crossing the interface's center point) so that the left end of the interface becomes the right end and the right end becomes the left end of the interface, or vice versa. In this way, the prong can be positioned in the left nostril, then the interface can be reversed or rotated (i.e., in the opposite direction), and then the prong can be positioned in the patient's right nostril, all without requiring adjustment of the prong on the support. This allows for switching of the nostrils receiving gas therapy, without involving adjustment of the prong on the support. In some cases, it will be understood that the headgear can be adjusted to provide appropriate comfort and fit, allowing the prong to be switched from one nostril to the other of the patient. Such a configuration can simplify the usability of such an interface and minimize the need for large adjustments of the prong on the support.

[0657] In alternative configurations, the single sealed nasal prong and cuff may be permanently or removablely connected by other means. Permanent connections include bonding, welding, press-fitting, and one-time clipping. Removable connections include clipping or complementary threaded portions.

[0658] The illustrated configuration has been shown and described as having a separate head strap and sliding member. In an alternative configuration, the head strap and sliding member may be integrated.

[0659] The cuff has been described as a separate component of the single closed nasal prong 200. In an alternative configuration, the cuff 250 may be part of the single closed nasal prong 200. The conduit connector 400 and the cuff 250 may be separate components. In an alternative configuration, the conduit connector 400 and the cuff 250 may be a single integrated component. The cuff 250 has a prong coupling or prong coupler 263. The single closed nasal prong is received or can be received by the prong coupling 263 of the cuff 250. In an alternative configuration, the prong coupling 263 of the cuff 250 is received or can be received by the prong coupling 263 of the cuff 250.

[0660] Here, we describe the details of the headgear 600 of the respiratory interface 100. The headgear 600 provides sufficient retention to maintain a seal in the patient's nostrils. In the configuration shown, the headgear is a head strap 600. The head strap 600 can be a single strap or a branched strap. The branched strap is shown in Figures 1B to 1D. The branched strap may provide additional grip on the patient's head compared to a single strap.

[0661] In the configuration shown, the headgear 600 includes a pair of side straps 601 and a rear strap section 602. The rear strap 602 may be separated to form a split-strap headgear. The rear strap may be divided to include a first intermediate strap 602a and a second intermediate strap 602b, both of which are coupled to the side strap sections 601. The split-strap headgear may be used in a divided configuration or as a single rear strap having a larger area than the side straps. The split-strap headgear provides an upward-angled force at an angle of 30 to 80 degrees from the horizontal position. The upward-angled force has an upward component and a lateral (lateral) component, creating a seal with the nostrils. This force pulls the single sealing nasal prongs 200 into the nostrils and maintains the seal. The headgear includes clips that may be detachably connected to extensions of support members.

[0662] The headgear can be tightened or loosened by adjusting the head strap 600. The headgear includes a headgear connector 607 that connects to a sliding member. The headgear connector 607 includes a length adjustment element 606. The length adjustment element 606 may be on one side or both sides. The length adjustment element 606 may also be on the back. The length adjustment element 606 receives the free end 603 of the strap by having a portion 605 of the strap extend into the length adjustment element. The length adjustment element 606 is located adjacent to or on the headgear connector 607. The length adjustment element 606 adjusts the working length of the headgear strap, thereby adjusting the tightness of the strap over the patient's head.

[0663] Referring to Figure 4, the respiratory interface 100 occupies a smaller area than conventional interfaces. For example, the volume occupied by interface 100 can be determined by a boundary box (shown by dashed lines) placed around the respiratory interface. The boundary box is a rectangular parallelepiped that accommodates the interfaces shown in Figures 1 to 10. The box may have the following dimensions:

[0664] Width of 110 mm or less. The illustrated configuration is 95 mm or less (including the two connecting clips). Other widths include 105 mm, 100 mm, 90 mm, 85 mm, 80 mm, or 75 mm.

[0665] A height of 40 mm or less. The height is the vertical height of the single closed nasal prong 200 and support 500 shown in Figure 4, and does not include the conduit 300. The illustrated configuration is 25 mm or less. Other heights include 35 mm, 30 mm, 20 mm, or 15 mm.

[0666] A depth of 50 mm or less. The depth is the dimension from the outside of the patient's face. In the illustrated embodiment, the depth is 30 mm or less. Other depths include 45 mm, 40 mm, 35 mm, 30 mm, or 25 mm.

[0667] The boundary box is smaller than that of a corresponding dual-prong cannula of the same size. For example, a medium-sized single-closed-prong cannula has a smaller footprint (i.e., a smaller boundary box volume) than a medium-sized dual-prong cannula. The smaller footprint of the respiratory interface provides a less intrusive interface for the user, making the interface more comfortable for the user.

[0668] Figures 17–25 show alternative configurations of the respiratory interface 100. The features, functions, and options of the respiratory interface are the same as those described above, unless otherwise noted. Similar numbering is used, with 1000 added to indicate similarity.

[0669] In this configuration, the support 1500 has a single member or a strap 1501. The single strap may be curved or straight, as shown. Similar to the sliding member in the previously described configuration, the single strap is relatively rigid but flexible, allowing the single strap to be easily bent or curved. The single strap allows the single sealing prong to be separated from the headgear and the single sealing nasal prong to be moved from one nostril to the other. Advantages of the single strap include being lighter than two straps, having a smaller footprint than the previously described configuration, and being more flexible than two straps. The cuff 250 has a single curved finger-like portion 1255 for connecting to the strap 1501. Alternatively, the cuff may have a ring or clip for detachably or permanently connecting the strap 1501 to the cuff 250.

[0670] Figures 26–32 show various diagrams of the single-close nasal prong 1200. Similar to the previously described configuration, this single-close nasal prong 1200 has an inlet 1203 and an outlet 1205. Figure 27 shows the prong in a compressed position, which occurs when the prong is engaged with the nostril to seal the nostril.

[0671] Figure 30 shows the single-closed nasal prong 200 from the left side. The right side of the single-closed nasal prong is a mirror image of the left side. When viewed in the orientation of Figure 30, the right side of Figure 30 is the anterior side of the prong 1200, and the left side is the posterior side of the prong. The radius lines shown in Figure 30 illustrate how the surface transitions between the anterior and posterior sides of the single-closed nasal prong 1200.

[0672] Starting from the entrance 1203, the bottom surface 1207 of the single-closed nasal prong 1200 is flat. There is a relatively abrupt transition to the anterior surface of the prong 1200. The lowest part 1209 of the anterior surface is curved outward. The bottom surface 1209 is also tapered outward. The anterior surface then transitions to a relatively short, nearly vertical surface 1211 (when viewed as the profile shown in Figure 30), which transitions to a gently outward-curving surface 1213 that is also tapered inward. The central part 1215 of the single-closed nasal prong 1200 is a gently outward-curving surface. In addition to being curved, surface 1215 is tapered inward. The space between the central surface 1215 and the rim 1219 is roughly flat 217. The transitions between each surface, except for the transition between surface 1207 and surface 1209, are smooth transitions. The upper edge 1219 of the single sealed nasal prong 200 also forms the rim of the exit 1205.

[0673] Referring further to Figure 30, the rear surface of the prong 1201 differs from the front surface of the prong. There is a relatively steep transition to the rear surface of the prong 1200. The lowest part 1221 of the rear surface is curved outward. The lowest surface 1209 is also tapered, but the angle of 1221 is not as steep as that of the similar front surface 1209. The rear surface then transitions to a relatively short, nearly vertical surface 1223 (when viewed as the profile shown in Figure 30), and the relatively short, nearly vertical surface 1223 transitions to a gently outward-curving surface 1225, which is also tapered inward. The central part 1227 of the single-closed nose prong 1200 is a gently outward-curving surface. In addition to being curved, the surface 1227 is tapered inward, but at a steeper angle than the front surface 1215. The area between the central surface 1227 and the rim 1219 is roughly flat 1229. The transitions between each surface, except for the transition between surface 1207 and surface 1221, are smooth transitions.

[0674] Figure 31 shows the single-closed nasal prong 200 from the front. The rear of the single-closed nasal prong is identical to the front. Starting from the entrance 1203, the bottom surface 1207 of the single-closed nasal prong 200 is flat. There is a relatively abrupt transition to the right surface of the prong 1200. The lowest part 1231 of the front surface is curved outward. The bottom surface 1231 is also tapered outward. The front surface then transitions to a relatively short, nearly vertical surface 1233 (when viewed as the profile shown in Figure 31), and the relatively short, nearly vertical surface 1233 transitions to a gently outward-curving surface 1235 that is also tapered inward. The central part 1237 of the single-closed nasal prong 1200 is a gently outward-curving surface. In addition to being curved, the surface 2137 is tapered inward. The transitions between each surface, except for the transition between surface 1207 and surface 1209, are smooth.

[0675] Figure 32 is a posterior view of the nasal prong shown in Figure 26. Comparing Figures 31 and 32, it can be seen that the external profile of the prong when viewed from the front is the same as that of the rear. The radius lines shown in Figures 31 and 32 show how the surface transitions between the left and right sides of the single-closed nasal prong 1200.

[0676] Referring to the orientation of the single-closed nasal prong 1200 in Figure 19, the external shape of the single-closed nasal prong 1200 is offset vertically. That is, the exit 1205 and highest point of the single-closed nasal prong 1200 are closer to the posterior surface of the prong 1200, which coincides with the contour of the nasal cavity. The single-closed nasal prong 1200 is symmetrical between the left and right surfaces; that is, the left and right surfaces are mirror images of each other. This offset shape improves patient comfort. The offset shape also improves the seal between the single-closed nasal prong 1200 and the patient's nostrils. The single-closed nasal prong 1200 may have features such as a logo, arrow, or other mark to indicate the correct orientation of the single-closed nasal prong 200.

[0677] Although the asymmetric single-closure nasal prong 1200 is shown with a support having a single strap 1501, it will be understood that the asymmetric single-closure nasal prong 1200 can be used with other supports. For example, the asymmetric single-closure nasal prong 1200 can be used with a support 500 having two straps. Furthermore, a symmetric single-closure nasal prong having the shape of the aforementioned configuration can be used with a single strap 1501.

[0678] Figures 33–49 show alternative configurations of the respiratory interface 2100. The features, functions, and options of the respiratory interface are the same as those described above, unless otherwise noted. Similar numbering is used, with 2000 added to indicate similarity.

[0679] In this configuration, the single closed nasal prong 2200 has a rigid portion 2235. The rigid portion 2235 of the single closed nasal prong 2200 includes a cutout or recess 2241 configured to receive a portion of the headgear strap 2600. The cutout 2241 has a width and depth similar to that of the headgear strap 2600. When the prong 2200 is viewed from the side, the cutout 2241 has a substantially rectangular shape. The recess 2241 is substantially smooth. In an alternative configuration, the recess 2241 may have surface features or teeth to enhance engagement with the strap. Thus, the single closed nasal prong 2200 is received within a prong coupler for coupling the headgear and the interface.

[0680] The cuff 2250 functions as a hub or central component that connects to or engages with various components of the respiratory interface. The cuff 2250 connects to the conduit, connects to the headgear 2600, and accepts the single closed nasal prong 2200. By acting as a connecting hub that connects to all components of the system, the number of components in the system is reduced. The respirator interface does not require a separate manifold to connect the conduit to the single closed nasal prong 2200, and the interface does not require a separate body such as side arms or other stabilizers. The cuff also reduces the area occupied by the respiratory interface compared to conventional respiratory interfaces that require contact with the patient's face for support.

[0681] Figures 37 and 38 show that the head strap 2600 is directly connected to the gas delivery assembly; that is, the head strap 2600 is directly connected to the single closed nasal prong 2200. Figure 39 shows an exploded view of the interface of Figures 37 and 38. In the shown configuration, the strap has two ends 2601. The ends 2601 of the strap 2600 are directly connected to the single closed nasal prong 2200 in the orientation shown in Figure 39.

[0682] The head strap 2600 can be attached by various methods. Preferred examples include adhesive bonding, welding to the prongs, simple friction fitting or press-fitting, protrusions, clips, or a combination thereof. In a preferred configuration, the head strap is attached by a combination of friction fitting and tooth-shaped protrusions. When fitted into the cutout of the single-close nasal prong 2200, the single-close nasal prong 2600 and the head strap are assembled with the cuff 2250. The headgear shown in the figure is for illustrative purposes only. The strap is a flexible strap.

[0683] The cuff 2250 functions as a hub connecting to various components of the system. The cuff 2250 connects to the conduits 2300 and 2600 headgear and accepts a single sealed nasal prong 2200. By acting as a connecting hub connecting to all components of the system, the number of components in the system is reduced. In this configuration, the interface does not require a separate manifold to connect the conduits 2300 to the prongs 2200, nor does the interface require a separate side arm. Using the cuff 2250 as a hub reduces the footprint of the interface.

[0684] The cuff 2250 includes teeth 2270 configured to grip and hold a portion of the headgear strap 2600. The teeth 2270 are positioned to extend over a portion of the perimeter of the cuff 2250. The teeth 2270 are provided on the inner surface of the cuff 2250 and extend inward. In the configuration shown, the teeth 2270 extend radially inward. In some configurations, the teeth 2270 may extend over substantially all or the entire perimeter of the cuff 2250. The entire inner surface may include the teeth 2270 or other rough surfaces. The prong coupling of the cuff 2250 is positioned near the teeth. This allows the prongs to be positioned within the cuff 2250 and engage with the prong coupling to hold the headgear over the teeth 2270.

[0685] In an alternative configuration, the head strap is held in place by friction fitting. In other alternative configurations, the head strap may be attached to a single sealed nose prong by glue, welding, protrusions and / or clips.

[0686] In the configuration shown, the strap 2600 has expandable portions 2603 on each side of the non-expandable portion 2605. In an alternative configuration, the strap 2600 may have a single expandable portion. In yet another alternative configuration, the strap 2600 may be a single braided strap. The expandable portion 2603 allows the patient to readjust the single closed nasal prong 2200 without applying extra tension to the patient's face due to the adjustment. Each of these configurations allows the interface to be used for a variety of different patients with different head shapes and / or sizes. There is no need to have different sizes of straps for different patients. The expandable strap and the strap with expandable portion allow for adjustment of the single closed nasal prong 2200 without any additional tension. Furthermore, the expandable strap allows the prong to be swapped between the nostrils.

[0687] The configuration shown in Figures 33 to 49 includes a single sealed nasal prong 2200, which, when viewed in the orientation shown in Figure 40, is located approximately in the center between the left and right sides, but is closer to the rear than the front.

[0688] The respiratory interfaces 100, 1100, and 2100 may include one or more of the features described above. For example, the respiratory interfaces 100, 1100, and 2100 may include one of the conduit assemblies described above, one of the headgear assemblies described above, and / or one of the supports described above. A single closed nasal prong may be slidable and / or pivotable to move between the nostrils.

[0689] Gas delivery causes the flushing out of dead space gas through unsealed nostrils.

[0690] In some configurations, the respiratory interface 100 may have a manifold 3700. An example of a respiratory interface 100 with a manifold is shown in Figures 50–53. The manifold respiratory interface has a pair of side arms 3701, 3702 and a gas inlet on one side of the manifold, the inlet configured to receive gas from the gas supply unit via a conduit 3301. The manifold may be a separate component from the side arms, and the side arms may be connectable to or connected to the manifold. The manifold 3700 is a single component with an elongated outlet (not shown). The outlet may be oval. The side arms 3701, 3702 are part of the respiratory interface and extend outward from a facial attachment portion 3704. The facial attachment portion contacts the patient's face, and prongs extend from the facial attachment portion. The manifold 3700 is received within the facial attachment portion.

[0691] In this configuration, the conduit 3300 is positioned to extend laterally across the patient's face so that the conduit outlet is attached to the side of the respiratory interface. This lateral configuration is shown in Figure 50.

[0692] This lateral configuration can create a bending moment in the respiratory interface. To reduce this bending moment, the respiratory interface includes a tube clip. The tube clip reduces the transmission of tension from the conduit to the respiratory interface. The tube clip also reduces the bending moment.

[0693] Each section on both sides of the head strap and adjacent corresponding main end portions may include or may have cheek supports applied to them. The cheek supports include at least a surface area for frictional engagement with the patient's face to stabilize the headgear 600 on the cheek, such as on the cheekbone or subcheekbone or the area therein, both during and after the headgear is attached to the breathing interface during use. The surface area is preferably made of a friction surface material with a relatively high frictional surface compared to the rest of the strap.

[0694] The high-friction surface material is adapted to extend, when in use, across a portion of the side of the patient's face, preferably to the patient's cheek, or at least substantially toward the patient's cheek, to assist in holding or stabilizing the breathing interface on the patient's face. The high-friction surface material that can be positioned on the patient's cheek further assists in keeping the rest of the head strap away from the patient's eyes or eye sockets and preferably extending below the patient's eyes or eye sockets, to prevent obstruction of vision and / or discomfort caused by the head strap crossing the eyes or eye sockets or their vicinity. In one example, the high-friction surface material may include a rough material or include adhesive dots that create surface roughness on the headgear strap.

[0695] The high-friction surface material may be adapted to extend over a portion of the patient's face when in use, for example, extending backward and upward from the left upper lip and right outer upper lip or their vicinity or above them, across the left and right cheeks.

[0696] The side arms 3701 and 3702 include a headgear attachment function and / or a conduit clip 3707 that engages with or can engage with the conduit 3301. The conduit clip 3707 helps reduce the tension of the conduit on the interface. Reducing the tension of the conduit improves the seal of the breathing interface 100. Reducing the tension of the conduit also improves patient comfort. The clip, when used with the headgear, favorably maintains the conduit in a sealed position within the patient's nose.

[0697] The side arms 3701 and 3702 provide additional stability by being supported by the patient's cheeks. The side arms 3701 and 3702 transfer the load on the interface to the patient's cheeks. The side arms 3701 and 3702 can be rigid arms. They may include a rigid frame and a soft material overmolded onto the arm. Alternatively, the arms may include a semi-rigid material. A semi-rigid material would make the side arms 3701 and 3702 feel soft to the touch but maintain their shape when no force is applied. Furthermore, the side arms 3701 and 3702 can be bent along the longitudinal axis of each side arm 3701 and 3702. With semi-rigid side arms 3701 and 3702, the interface is supported on the face, but pressure ulcers on the patient's face are reduced.

[0698] The prong outlet 205 is angled along the average angle of the long axis of the nostril so that it protrudes into the inner surface of the nostril but is not obstructed by the inner surface of the nostril.

[0699] Some patients may find the asymmetry of having prongs in only one nostril uncomfortable after prolonged use. Therefore, the respiratory interface 100 may allow the patient to switch which nostril is engaged.

[0700] In some configurations, the respiratory interface 100 includes a single sealed nasal prong and an adjuster. The nasal prong may be a sealed or partially sealed nasal prong. The single nasal prong includes a body, an inlet configured to receive gas, and an outlet configured to supply gas to the patient. If the nasal prong is of a sealed configuration, a sealing body may be present. The sealing body may be configured to seal one of the patient's nostrils. The sealing body is substantially symmetrical about a first axis.

[0701] In the alternative interface configurations shown in Figures 50–56, the interface may include a single removable prong. The removable prong can be detached from the facial mounting portion and inserted into one of two operating positions, namely the left or right external nostril.

[0702] The adjuster (sliding member 501) is configured to allow a single sealed nasal prong to be detached from the first nostril and placed in the patient's other nostril to seal the other nostril, but the single sealed nasal prong is not detachable from the respiratory interface 100. That is, the single nasal prong remains in place with the respiratory interface 100 and does not need to be removed or separated from the respiratory interface 100.

[0703] Referring to Figure 55, the single-close nasal prong 5200 may be a movable prong. Preferably, the single-close nasal prong 5200 extends from a movable support 5900. For example, the support 5900 may be rotatable together with the single-close nasal prong 5200 from a first location where the prong 5200 seals the patient's first nostril to a second location where the prong 5200 seals the patient's second nostril. The movable support 5900 is rotatable around a pivot 5903, which is located between the first and second locations.

[0704] The first location of the single closed nasal prong 5200 is on the first region of the manifold 5700, and the second location is on the second region of the manifold. In an alternative configuration, the first and second locations are on the same region of the manifold 5700, for example, in the case of a pivoting single closed nasal prong without a movable support, as shown in Figure 55, or when the movable support is significantly smaller / less conspicuous.

[0705] When in a first position, the prong outlet 5205 extends at a first angle with respect to the central plane 5206 to correspond to the angle of a first nostril. When in a second position, the prong outlet 5205 extends at a second angle with respect to the central plane 5206 to correspond to the angle of a second nostril. The manifold 5700 has a first outlet 5701 corresponding to the first position of the prong and a second outlet 5703 corresponding to the second position of the prong. The breathing interface 5100 further includes a plug configured to seal the second outlet 5703 when a single closed nasal prong is in the first position and to seal the first outlet 5701 when a single closed nasal prong is in the second position. The manifold may include a single opening extending between the prongs or from at least one prong to another.

[0706] The stopper (not shown) is integrated with the prong 5200. The single-close nasal prong 5200 and the stopper may be integrated with the support 5900. Thus, the stopper is configured to rotate when the prong rotates. In an alternative configuration, the stopper and the prong may not be integrated. In this configuration, the prong may be a rotatable prong, and the stopper may be positioned to close the second outlet when the single-close nasal prong is in the first position, and to close the first outlet when the single-close nasal prong is in the second position. The breathing interface of this embodiment may have a tether connecting the stopper to the breathing interface 100.

[0707] Referring to the orientation of the single-close nasal prong 200 in Figure 55, the prong exit 5205 is located approximately midway between the left and right sides, and approximately midway between the front and rear sides, so that the single-close nasal prong can close either one of the patient's nostrils regardless of its vertical orientation. In some configurations, alternatively, the opening may be asymmetrical as described above and may be biased toward fitting into one nostril, but when the prong is rotated, the opening will fit into the other nostril.

[0708] In the alternative configurations shown in Figures 54a–54c, the breathing interface 100 may include prongs 4200. The prongs 4200 may be removed and attached to the outlets on each side of the manifold or support. In this configuration, unused ports are sealed using plugs, stoppers 4800 or valves. The stopper 4800 is attached to the manifold 4700 by a tether 4801.

[0709] The following configuration describes further modifications that may allow the patient to swap the nostrils to be engaged.

[0710] In one configuration, the breathing interface includes a single-prong design (without a manifold) in which a single closed nasal prong is rotatable relative to the cuff. For example, the single closed nasal prong may rotate around a central axis between one orientation corresponding to use with one nostril and another orientation corresponding to use with the other nostril. This embodiment has a single closed nasal prong having the shape and features of the breathing interface described earlier, symmetrical between the front and rear and between the left and right sides. This single closed nasal prong has a centrally located outlet.

[0711] In some configurations, the breathing interface includes a single closed nasal prong that is movable from one side to the other. The prong may be movable by sliding, pivoting, or a combination of sliding and pivoting. For example, the sliding member described above is used. Some configurations may include features to reduce the tension of the single closed nasal prong when it is reinserted into the other nostril.

[0712] In one configuration, the breathing interface includes a centrally located prong that can be pivoted or twisted to align with either nostril. This configuration may include a barrier (i.e., a stopper) to prevent the single closed nasal prong from twisting beyond a suitable angle. The breathing interface 100 in this configuration may have a locking mechanism to maintain the single closed nasal prong in the correct alignment. As the single closed nasal prong moves, an integrated plug may move into place.

[0713] Each respiratory interface configuration described herein may be available in multiple sizes, e.g., neonatal, extra-small, small, medium, large, and extra-large. Each size has slightly different interactions with the treatment.

[0714] The respiratory interface 100 is configured to provide respiratory flow therapy (i.e., respiratory gas) to the patient through a single sealed nasal prong 200. Test results are described in more detail below. As described above, the wall 206 of the single sealed nasal prong 200 has a stationary shape. The wall 206 is configured to substantially maintain its stationary shape when inserted into the patient's nostril. The seal body 201 and outlet 205 of the single sealed nasal prong 200 are positioned so that one of the patient's nostrils is substantially sealed and gas is supplied to that nostril from the outlet, while the other of the patient's nostril is not sealed and does not receive a direct gas supply from the outlet. The gas flowing through the gas passage causes the outer surface of the single sealed nasal prong to seal one of the patient's nostrils.

[0715] In addition to using a respiratory interface with the characteristics described above, the flow rate is controlled to generate the desired pressure for inspiration and expiration. For example, the flow rate is reduced when the patient is exhaling to lower the expiratory pressure. In some exemplary operations, the expiratory airway pressure is approximately 5–10 cmH₂O.

[0716] The level of obstruction of the nostrils can be adjusted by adjusting the tightness of the headgear. For example, the level of seal, or obstruction, can be adjusted by the user tightening or loosening the headgear straps. If the headgear is pulled tighter, the prongs are pulled further into and against the nostrils, thereby increasing the obstruction.

[0717] The possibility of discomfort can be further reduced by having a support on the side of the conduit, directly below the single-close nasal prong 200, which is designed to contact the patient's upper lip. The support may include a soft and / or flexible component offset from the surface of the conduit. The flexible component may include a plastic material or any appropriately soft / flexible material designed to conform to the contour of the patient's skin. The support may be provided in a single, appropriate location. The single-close nasal prong 200 may be rotatable relative to the end of the conduit. The rotatable prong allows the single-close nasal prong 200 to be aligned with either of the patient's nostrils while still having the lip support in an ideal position.

[0718] The single-closed nasal prong 200 is configured to provide expiratory airway pressures of 3.5 cmH2O to 20 cmH2O. Specifically, the single-closed nasal prong substantially closes one nostril and delivers gas at a flow rate that produces expiratory airway pressures of 3.5 cmH2O to 20 cmH2O. Other expiratory pressures may also be provided. For example, the exhaled pressure could be 4cmH2O, 4.5cmH2O, 5cmH2O, 5.5cmH2O, 6cmH2O, 6.5cmH2O, 7cmH2O, 7.5cmH2O, 8cmH2O, 8.5cmH2O, 9cmH2O, 9.5cmH2O, 10cmH2O, 10.5cmH2O, 11cmH2O, 12cmH2O, 12.5cmH2O, 13cmH2O, 13.5cmH2O, 14cmH2O, 14.5cmH2O, 15cmH2O, 15.5cmH2O, 16cmH2O, 16.5cmH2O, 17cmH2O, 17.5cmH2O, 18cmH2O, 18.5cmH2O, 19cmH2O, or 19.5cmH2O.

[0719] The following describes some additional alternative configurations to those mentioned above. These configurations include any elements, and the elements within the configurations described below can be used in conjunction with the aforementioned configurations.

[0720] In some configurations, the breathing interface consists of a gas delivery assembly and a headgear that is connected to or can be connected to the gas delivery assembly. The gas delivery assembly has a single sealed nasal prong and a conduit that is directly coupled to the single sealed nasal prong and is in fluid communication with the single sealed nasal prong. The single sealed nasal prong has a sealing body configured to seal one of the patient's nostrils, an inlet configured to receive gas, and an outlet configured to supply gas to the patient. In these configurations, the breathing interface has only the gas delivery assembly and the headgear. The headgear is sufficient to maintain a seal with the patient's nostrils.

[0721] In some configurations, the breathing interface includes a cuff, which acts as a connecting hub, interconnecting the prongs and the tube (i.e., conduit) and forming an interface. The cuff connects directly to the prongs and the tube. The cuff facilitates fluid connection between the tube and the prongs. The cuff further facilitates connection to a headgear. The headgear may connect directly to the cuff. Alternatively, the cuff may connect to a support that connects to the headgear.

[0722] In some configurations, the respiratory support system or device 10 (such as the one shown in Figure 1A) may include a gas source 11 configured to provide a high-flow gas stream to the patient. The respiratory support system may also include a humidifier 12 configured to heat and humidify the gas stream provided to the patient, and a patient interface 100 including a single-closed nasal prong interface (such as any of the single-closed nasal prong configurations described herein, for example, in Figures 1B to 76) configured to deliver a high-flow gas stream to the patient. The single-closed nasal prong interface 100 may include a single-closed nasal prong 200 adapted to substantially seal one nostril of the patient's two nostrils. In some configurations, the humidifier 12 includes a humidifying chamber detachably connected to a humidifier base unit. The humidifying chamber is configured to be filled with a humidifying liquid, such as water, for humidifying the gas stream to the patient. In some configurations, the humidification chamber includes a heat conduction base, and the humidifier base unit includes a heater plate, and the heat conduction base allows heating of the humidifying liquid in the chamber when in contact with the heater plate of the humidifier base unit. In some configurations, the flow source and the humidifier base unit are integrated.

[0723] In an exemplary embodiment, the patient interface 100 may be configured to increase the expiratory pressure in the patient's airway. This will be described in more detail in the "Test Results" section below.

[0724] The humidifier 12 may include a humidification chamber (not shown) which includes a gas inlet for receiving a gas flow from a gas source and a gas outlet for delivering the humidified gas flow to the patient interface. The respiratory support system may include an inspiratory conduit located between the humidifier and the patient interface, which is configured to deliver the humidified gas flow to the patient interface 100. The inspiratory conduit may be a heated inspiratory conduit.

[0725] Alternatively or additionally, the respiratory support system may include a patient conduit 300 located between the inspiratory conduit and the patient interface 100. The patient conduit may be made of a breathable material.

[0726] High flow rates may include a gas flow delivered to the patient of at least 20 L / min and / or up to about 70 L / min. The gas flow may be a substantially set gas flow rate, for example, a gas flow rate set to a specific flow rate. The flow rate may be a constantly set flow rate, for example, set to a constant flow rate over the duration of treatment. Alternatively, multiple set flow rates may be used for treatment, for example, a first set flow rate over a specific duration for a particular treatment, and a second different set flow rate over a specific duration. In an exemplary embodiment, the first set flow rate may be a low flow rate, for example, 15 L / min for one hour, followed by a higher flow rate, a second set flow rate, for example, 35 L / min for one hour.

[0727] The respiratory support system may include a headgear 600 for holding the patient interface 100 on the patient's face.

[0728] The respiratory support system may include a respiratory interface 100 for delivering gas to one nostril of the patient, the respiratory interface including a single closed nasal prong interface in any of the configurations described herein.

[0729] In some configurations, a kit is provided which may include a humidification chamber configured to be filled with a humidifying liquid, such as water, for humidifying the gas flow to the patient. The humidification chamber includes a humidification inlet and a humidification outlet configured to be coupled to a flow source. In some configurations, the humidification chamber may be detachably connectable to a humidifier base (which may be integrated with the flow source). In some configurations, the humidification chamber may include a heat conduction base, the humidifier base unit includes a heater plate, and the heat conduction base, when in contact with the heater plate of the humidifier base unit, allows heating of the humidifying liquid in the chamber. The kit may include an inspiratory conduit having an inspiratory conduit inlet and an inspiratory conduit outlet configured to be coupled to the humidification outlet. The kit may also include a single closed nasal prong interface, such as a single closed nasal prong interface 100 in any of the configurations described herein, configured to be coupled to the inspiratory conduit outlet.

[0730] A single, closed nasal prong interface 100 may include a patient conduit 300, the patient conduit including an inlet configured to connect to the outlet of an inspiratory conduit. The patient conduit 300 may be made of a breathable material. The inspiratory conduit may be heated.

[0731] The kit may further include a conduit clip (not shown) configured to secure the inspiratory conduit to or around the patient.

[0732] In some configurations, the respiratory interface includes a single-close nasal prong, which includes a sealing body configured to seal one of the patient's nostrils. The sealing body may have opposing front and rear surfaces and opposing left and right surfaces. The opposing front and rear surfaces may be substantially symmetrical with respect to each other. When viewed from above, the opposing front and rear surfaces may be symmetrical about a vertical plane. The single-close nasal prong may have an inlet configured to receive gas and an outlet configured to supply gas to the patient. When the prong is in the working position, the inlet of the prong may be distal to the external nostril and the outlet may be proximal. The outlet may be located approximately midway between the left and right surfaces so that the single-close nasal prong can seal either of the patient's nostrils. The central position of the single-close nasal prong may be such that the center of the outlet is equidistant from the outer surface of the prong. The outer surface may be considered the maximum peripheral area of ​​the prong. In other words, when viewed from above, the outlet of the prong may be at the center of the outer surface of the prong body. The exits can be positioned such that the prongs can be symmetrical with respect to at least two orthogonal vertical planes passing through them.

[0733] The position of the prong outlet allows for the use of a single-seal nasal prong regardless of the orientation of the nostrils, enabling the prong to seal either nostril. Human nostrils are angled toward each other, and the prong can be shaped and configured to seal either nostril. The seal body and outlet of the single-seal nasal prong can be positioned so that one of the patient's nostrils is substantially sealed and gas is supplied to that nostril from the outlet, while the other nostril is not sealed and does not receive direct gas supply from the gas supply unit of the respiratory system, of which the outlet or respiratory interface is part. A centrally located outlet helps allow the prong to engage with and seal either the user's left or right nostril. The prong may be shaped to fit into and substantially close either the user's right or left nostril. For example, the prong can be positioned or placed on the patient's face in two different orientations. That is, the interface can rotate itself 180 degrees and still fit properly to the patient for proper prong engagement with the patient's nostril. The central prong exit position can also be configured to fit the interface to or engage with the nostrils when rotated approximately 180 degrees, and therefore, when placed on the patient's face, it can be considered orientation-independent, provided that one or more sliding members (e.g., articles 501, 1501) extend substantially horizontally or in a plane across the face. In some configurations, the prongs can be configured to fit the interface to or engage with the nostrils when rotated approximately 180 degrees, and therefore, when placed on the patient's face while still attached to a support (e.g., support 500) or without being removed, detached, or separated from the support (e.g., support 500), it can be considered orientation-independent.In some configurations, the prongs or interface can be configured to allow the prongs to be fitted into or interchangeably fitted into the left or right nostril of a patient, while remaining attached to or without being removed from the support (e.g., support 500). For example, if the prongs are translationally translatable relative to the support, or if the prongs are positioned at a certain position relative to the support, the interface can allow the prongs to be inverted and positioned into or into a desired nostril.

[0734] The breathing interfaces described herein may include conduits for transporting gas to the prongs. The conduits may be unheated, permeable conduits. These conduits may allow some water vapor to escape through the walls of the conduit. Permeable conduits may allow excess water vapor to escape from the gas flow to prevent condensation within the conduit. The conduits may include permeable walls or permeable sections within the walls of the conduit.

[0735] In an alternative configuration, the conduit may include a heater wire placed within the conduit. The heater wire may be located within the lumen of the conduit, or alternatively, incorporated into the wall of the conduit. The heater wire is configured to heat the gas within the conduit.

[0736] In some configurations, a respiratory interface for delivering gas to one nostril of a patient includes a sealing body configured to seal one of the patient's two nostrils, and a single sealed nasal prong having a prong inlet configured to receive gas and a prong outlet configured to supply gas to the patient. The respiratory interface may include a support for the single sealed nasal prong and a conduit directly coupled to the single sealed nasal prong and in fluid communication with the single sealed nasal prong. The single sealed nasal prong and / or respiratory interface may be configured to allow the prong to seal the patient's left nostril or right nostril, or interchangeably with it.

[0737] The prongs and / or respiratory interface may be configured to allow the prongs to seal, or interchangeably seal, the patient's left nostril or right nostril, while remaining attached to or without being removed from the support. The prongs may be fixed in position relative to the support or may be translational relative to the support. The support may be outside the gas supplied to the conduit or single-close nasal prongs, or may be separated from (i.e., not form part of) the gas supplied to the conduit or single-close nasal prongs.

[0738] The conduit may be fluidly separated from the support, or the support may not form part of the gas passage for the gas supplied to the single closed nasal prong. In other words, the conduit may be in fluid communication only with the single closed nasal prong and not connected to the support. The conduit may include a single conduit.

[0739] The respiratory interface may further include a gas pathway from the conduit to the prong outlet, which may be substantially linear. The conduit outlet of the conduit may be directly connected to the prong inlet of a single closed nasal prong, and the conduit outlet and the prong outlet may share a substantially common substantially central axis.

[0740] The breathing interface may further include a headgear detachably connectable to a support and a cuff, and a single sealed nasal prong may be configured to connect with the cuff as described herein. The breathing interface may further include a conduit connector, and a conduit may be configured to connect with the conduit connector. The conduit connector and the cuff may be separate or integral components.

[0741] The single, sealed nasal prong may comprise a substantially flexible or substantially compliant material, and the conduit connector and / or cuff may comprise a substantially rigid material.

[0742] Test results Figure 57 shows a graph of test results for a flow supplied at 60 LPM. The graph shows the pressure versus time results. Plot 6101 on the left is an unsealed dual-prong cannula. Plot 6102 to the right of the trough is the single-sealed nasal-prong breathing interface disclosed herein. These test results used the configurations shown in Figures 51–53. The unsealed dual-prong cannula is shown on the left, and the breathing interface with a single-sealed nasal prong according to this disclosure is shown on the right, with each followed by the time the breathing interface is out of the nose. It can be seen in the graph that there are dips indicating the exchange of breathing interfaces. Using the breathing interface with a single-sealed nasal prong according to this disclosure resulted in higher pressures and greater pressure fluctuations.

[0743] The graph shows that higher expiratory airway pressure is obtained when the same flow rate is applied with a single closed cannula. The peak indicates expiratory airway pressure. A single closed nasal prong is advantageous compared to an unclosed dual-prong nasal cannula because it generates higher expiratory airway pressure for a given flow. Increased expiratory airway pressure helps prevent alveolar collapse during exhalation and also helps add expiratory resistance, which reduces the expiratory rate.

[0744] Figures 58A, 58B, 58C, and 58D show the flow paths during exhalation through two open prongs using nasal high-flow therapy. Figures 58A and 58B show a side-entry interface. Figures 58C and 58D show a front-entry interface. The pressure from the exhaled gas forces the flow stream through the prongs to reverse and exit through the gaps in the prongs. Light gray indicates the flow delivered by nasal high-flow, and dark gray indicates the flow of exhaled breath.

[0745] Figures 59A, 59B, 59C, and 59D show the streamlines of the exhaled flow through a single closed nasal prong providing respiratory flow. Light gray streamlines represent the flow delivered from the respiratory interface, i.e., fresh gas, while dark gray streamlines represent the exhaled respiratory flow, i.e., primarily carbon dioxide. The flow delivered from the single closed nasal prong increases the flow resistance within the patient's nasal passages (the nostrils that the single closed nasal prong effectively seals), increasing the expiratory pressure of the exhaled respiratory flow. The pressure from the exhaled gas forces the flowstream of the prongs to reverse, which occurs after the flowstream has circulated throughout the nasal cavity. By using a single closed prong interface, the fresh gas flowstream reaches the back of the patient's airways through the nostrils. Gas reaching deeper into the airways results in more efficient dead space removal. Flow reaching the patient's airways also improves dead space removal and may result in more dead space removal.

[0746] The various configurations of single-closed nasal prongs described herein provide a respiratory interface that seals one nostril while leaving the other open. This configuration reduces shear noise caused by the collision of the flow delivered from the cannula with the patient's expiratory flow, as well as noise caused by the expansion of gas as it exits the cannula. Advantages of single-closed nasal prongs include providing a unidirectional flow that increases respiratory pressure, preferably the patient's expiratory pressure. Increased expiratory pressure helps maintain airway patency. This reduces respiratory rate, decreases muscle tension, and reduces respiratory effort. Another advantage of single-closed nasal prongs is increased dead space removal. Compared to non-closed dual-prong cannulas, improved dead space removal also reduces respiratory work because the patient receives more fresh gas for a given flow rate.

[0747] These test results were obtained from benchtop studies comparing open-seal dual-prong nasal cannulas with single-seal nasal prongs.

[0748] [Table 1]

[0749] Increased expiratory resistance can increase the length of the expiratory phase and decrease the respiratory rate. Resistance is related to the amount of occlusion of the patient's nostrils. This reduces the user's breathing effort.

[0750] By engaging only one of the patient's nostrils, the other nostril is left open for the patient to breathe. The open nostril provides an unobstructed passage for the user to exhale exhaled gases. The open nostril also potentially reduces the resistance of exhalation compared to using a dual-prong system. Leaving the other nostril open also provides space for inserting other devices, such as a nasogastric (NG) tube or feeding tube, into the open nostril, while still offering the benefits of dead space removal, increased flushing, and increased expiratory airway pressure.

[0751] Figures 60A and 60B show graphs of positive expiratory pressure (PEP) test results comparing a standard breathing interface with two nasal prongs with a breathing interface according to the present invention. Figures 60A and 60B show that the PEP of a closed single-prong interface as described herein is increased compared to a two-prong interface.

[0752] Figure 60A shows the PEP results per flow rate for each interface, tested for 3 minutes on five adult males using a standard two-nasal-prong unsealed interface (white) and a single-closed-prong interface according to one embodiment described herein (black). Pressure was measured orally. Heated and humidified flows were supplied to the subjects. PEP was measured at set flow rates of 15, 35, and 55 L / min, respectively. Compared to the standard two-nasal-prong unsealed interface (white), an increase in PEP was observed across the entire flow rate with the single-closed-prong interface (black).

[0753] Figure 60B shows the PEP measured in the trachea of ​​an upper airway model at expiratory flow rates in the range of 0 L / min to 120 L / min at set delivery gas flow rates, via a single closed nasal prong interface as described herein (filled circle) and a standard two-nasal prong unclosed interface (unfilled circle). When using the single closed nasal prong interface, PEP increases more rapidly with increasing expiratory flow rate compared to the standard two-nasal prong unclosed interface.

[0754] Figures 61A and 61B show graphs of respiratory rate test results comparing a standard two-nasal-prong open-seal breathing interface with a single-sealed-prong breathing interface as configured herein.

[0755] Figure 61A shows the respiratory rate per flow rate for each interface, tested for 3 minutes on five adult males using a standard two-nasal-prong unsealed interface (white) and a single-closed-prong interface according to one embodiment described herein (black). Heated and humidified flow was supplied to the subjects. Respiratory rates were measured at set flow rates of 15, 35, and 55 L / min, respectively. Compared to the standard two-nasal-prong unsealed interface (white), a reduction in respiratory rate was observed across all flow rates with the single-closed-prong interface (black).

[0756] Figure 61B shows another set of respiratory rate results for the study in healthy volunteers. These are the mean respiratory rates (respiratory rate per minute, BPM) of four healthy volunteers receiving nasal high-flow (NHF) delivered via a standard two-prong unsealed interface (white bars) or a sealed single-prong interface such as those described herein (gray bars). For NHF, room air was delivered at a set flow rate of 30 L / min. Three of the four participants experienced a decrease in respiratory rate when nasal high-flow was delivered using a sealed single-prong interface.

[0757] By sealing the entire nostril, the gas flow velocity at the outlet of a sealed prong is reduced (compared to two unsealed nasal prongs) for the same volumetric flow rate. This is because a single sealed nasal prong has a larger cross-sectional area than two unsealed nasal prongs combined. Two unsealed nasal prongs require a gap or space around the edges of the prongs to allow the exhaled airflow to escape. The reduction in flow velocity has the advantage of reducing noise caused by flow expansion and changes in direction.

[0758] The prong outlet size is approximately 33% larger than that of conventional nasal prongs. In some cases, the cross-sectional area increases within the prong and decreases again at the prong outlet. The increased cross-sectional area reduces gas velocity and decreases noise at the breathing interface. Narrowing the prong outlet does not negate these effects, as the reduction in flow resistance is offset by the increase in cross-sectional area within the prong.

[0759] Unidirectional airflow increases airway pressure, particularly during the expiratory cycle, helping to reduce the effects of the nasal cycle. Unidirectional airflow also improves nasal flushing and increases dead space removal, allowing patients to inhale more therapeutic gas and reducing the occurrence of rebreathing. Unidirectional airflow also helps to deliver fresh gas deeper into the airway, which can enhance dead space removal, i.e., flushing effect.

[0760] The single-closed nasal prong configuration described herein reduces the overall area occupied by the cannula. This reduction in area improves the patient experience.

[0761] A further advantage is that single-prong sealing / occlusion reduces the risk of barotrauma because there is always one unsealed nostril. This may be particularly useful for use in neonates due to the significant leakage that can occur from an unsealed / unused nostril.

[0762] In one exemplary operation, a constant flow rate is delivered by a respiratory flow therapy device during inspiration and expiration. By the prongs sealing one nostril, i.e., occluding one nostril, the constant flow rate generates inspiratory and expiratory airway pressures. At least 50% of the nostril is occluded, preferably 75% or more. This generates favorable expiratory airway pressures as it helps to expand the alveoli and prevent alveolar collapse. The described respiratory interface helps to reduce the patient's respiratory rate by increasing expiratory airway pressures compared to expiratory airway pressures when gas is delivered through a nasal cannula with a pair of non-sealed prongs.

[0763] The respiratory interface described herein is shaped and constructed to occlude at least 30% of the entire nose. The respiratory interface is shaped and constructed to seal approximately 50% of the entire nose, i.e., to occlude or seal one nostril while keeping the other nostril open. The occluded nostril helps to generate expiratory airway pressure. The occluded nostril can also generate some airway pressure during inspiration. The open nostril prevents the risk of barotrauma and provides a pathway for expelling exhaled gases from the airway.

[0764] Another advantage of the single-closed nasal prong configuration described herein is that any nebulizer added to the flow is delivered to the patient more efficiently. This is because substantially all, preferably all, of the flow is forced into the patient's airway, and there is no possibility of gas escaping between the single-closed nasal prong and the gap in the nostril.

[0765] A further advantage of the single-closed nasal prong configuration described herein is that, by closing one nostril, the single-closed nasal prong allows for more uniform leakage across the population. Dual-prong non-closed systems have the risk of inaccurate sizing and over-occlusion due to the prongs fitting into the nostrils. By not sealing one nostril, variability in the overall amount of occlusion is reduced.

[0766] The nasal cycle is a continuous cycle in which each side of a patient's nasal cavity partially closes and opens over time. The nasal cycle is considered a natural mechanism that alternates congestion and decongestion on each side of the nose. The nasal cycle creates a difference in flow resistance between the left and right sides of the nose. Therefore, the proportion of total inspiratory and / or expiratory flow within each nasal passage can vary significantly. Inevitable interpersonal differences in the shape and dimensions of the nostrils and the placement of respiratory device interfaces can increase the bias of flow through one or the other nasal passage.

[0767] The asymmetry of nasal resistance due to the nasal cycle may affect the positive airway pressure generated by the single-close nasal prongs described herein, depending on which nostril the prongs substantially seal. This provides further advantages of the single-close nasal prong configuration described herein.

[0768] Figure 61C shows the asymmetry test data described above. Figure 61C shows a graph of the maximum expiratory flow rate test results comparing the left and right nostrils of a user with a breathing interface according to the configuration of the present invention. Pressure (cmH2O) was measured in the trachea of ​​an upper airway model at a maximum respiratory flow rate of 30 L / min (A) or 60 L / min (B) with a delivered gas flow rate of 20–70 L / min, via a single closed nasal prong interface such as that described herein. At the two maximum respiratory flow rates (shown in the two graphs), the maximum expiratory pressure is greater when the gas flow is delivered through the left external nostril compared to the right external nostril. This result indicates that the positive airway pressure generated during the use of a single closed nasal prong interface can be adjusted by switching the nostrils sealed by the prongs.

[0769] Another advantage of the single-closed nasal prong configuration described herein is that, because it reduces variability in prong placement within the nostrils, it also helps reduce variability in dead space removal. Since the single-closed nasal prong is large enough to cause obstruction, it offers greater reproducibility in use.

[0770] A further advantage of the single-closed nasal prong configuration described herein is that it performs dead space removal at the end of exhalation. A single-closed nasal prong can enable substantially the same dead space removal as an unclosed dual-prong system.

[0771] Figures 77A, 77B, and 77C show perspective, front, and side views of exemplary embodiments of a strap attachment or ferrule. The strap attachment can be configured to terminate a headgear strap and can advantageously secure or hold the end of the headgear strap.

[0772] The strap attachment can advantageously reduce wear or breakage of the headgear strap or a portion of the headgear strap located within the strap attachment.

[0773] The strap attachment can advantageously provide a grip portion of the headgear strap for the user to grasp or hold when adjusting the tightness of the patient interface, such as when it is placed on a patient.

[0774] In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in Figures 78A and 78B, the strap attachment 700 may be configured to terminate the headgear strap 600.

[0775] Figure 78A shows a single sealed nose prong 200 outlined in this embodiment, including a sliding member 501 and a clip 503 connectable to the headgear 600. Figures 78A and 78B show two strap attachments 700 that terminate the head strap on both sides of the headgear 600.

[0776] Figure 78B shows a second exemplary embodiment including a patient interface 17 having two nasal prongs as described herein, a clip 503 connected to a headgear 600, and a strap attachment 700 terminating the free end of the headgear 600. In the embodiment of Figure 78B, the patient interface 17 is a nasal cannula. The nasal cannula may be sealed or unsealed. In certain configurations, the nasal cannula includes a cannula body from which two nasal prongs extend, and a supply tube for delivering gas from a flow source to the patient through the cannula body and prongs. In certain configurations, the nasal cannula includes a manifold for connecting the supply tube to the cannula body. The manifold may be detachably attached to the cannula body. In certain configurations, the supply tube may extend from one side of the nasal cannula. An exemplary nasal cannula is described in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2004 / 0261797. The contents of this specification are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

[0777] Figure 79 shows a cross-sectional view of the breathing interface strap attachment 700 and the headgear strap 600, in which a projection engages with and / or is embedded in the fabric of the headgear strap 600. The headgear strap 600 is shown inserted into the strap attachment 700.

[0778] Figures 80A and 80B show perspective cross-sectional views of an exemplary embodiment of a strap attachment having a channel 702.

[0779] Figure 80A shows a first section of the strap attachment 700 including a first set of projections 710A extending into the channel 702. The first set of projections 710A may include a distal end including a point or vertex 712A, a leading surface 714A, and a trailing surface 716A.

[0780] In an exemplary embodiment, the leading surface 714A is configured to be longer than the trailing surface 716A in the direction in which the strap attachment is configured to receive the strap.

[0781] Figure 80B shows a second section of the strap attachment 700, including a second set of projections 710B extending into the channel 702. In an exemplary embodiment, the second set of projections 710B is configured to alternate with the first set of projections 710A and to be higher than the first set of projections 710A at a distance perpendicular to the distance at which the strap attachment receives the headgear strap or at a height at which the projections extend upward from the channel sidewall.

[0782] In exemplary embodiments, projections 710A and 710B are configured to receive and hold a headgear strap inserted into the channel 702. The leading surfaces 714A, 714B and the trailing surfaces 716A, 716B may favorably provide points or vertices 712A, 712B facing substantially away from the entrance of the channel 702 for receiving the headgear strap 600. In such exemplary embodiments, the points or vertices may favorably grip and secure the headgear strap inserted into the channel 702 beyond the points or vertices 712A, 712B.

[0783] In exemplary embodiments, the leading surfaces 714A, 714B and the trailing surfaces 716A, 716B may form substantially hook-shaped projections. In exemplary embodiments, the combination of the leading surfaces 714A, 714B and the trailing surfaces 716A, 716B may result in a hook-like configuration configured to engage with the fabric of the headgear strap. In such embodiments, the engagement of the resulting projection with the headgear strap allows the headgear strap to be held within the strap attachment 700. The resulting hook-shaped projections, exemplified as opposing projections 710A, 710B in Figures 80A and 80B, may act on the headgear strap in a direction substantially opposite to the direction in which the headgear strap enters the strap attachment 700, or they may withstand the vector of the applied pull-out force.

[0784] In exemplary embodiments, projections 710A and 710B may be configured to be opposite and alternating such that the vertices or points 712A, 712B of each projection can create a curved or meandering path for the headgear strap inserted into the channel 702 beyond the points of the vertices 712A, 712B of the projections.

[0785] In the exemplary embodiment, projection 710B is formed closer to the entrance of channel 702 than projection 710A. Such a configuration may advantageously facilitate easier passage of the headgear strap 600 through the strap attachment 700. In the exemplary embodiment, the meandering path formed by the projection provides a path for the strap to advance as it is inserted into the strap attachment 700. However, the meandering path and projection may provide a retaining force that makes it difficult to remove the assembled strap from the strap attachment. Multiple projections and the resulting meandering path may create multiple engagement points with the strap 600 that hold the strap within the strap attachment 700.

[0786] In exemplary embodiments as shown in Figures 80A and 80B, projections 705B and 705A are provided on the end of the strap attachment 700, or toward the end of the strap attachment 700, opposite the opening end configured to receive the headgear strap 600. In exemplary embodiments, projections 705B and 705A are substantially aligned with opposing projections 710B and 710A, respectively. In exemplary embodiments, projections 705B and 705A are configured to be the same or similar in height to projections 710A and 710B located on the same side of the channel 702, the height relating to the distance the projection or projection extends upward from the side wall of the channel to the distal end of the projection or projection.

[0787] In exemplary embodiments, the protrusions 705A, 705B can, advantageously, partially or completely close or conceal the ends of the channel 702 so as to prevent the headgear strap 600 inserted into the channel 702 from exiting the channel 702 at the end of the strap attachment 700 opposite the opening end that receives the head strap 600.

[0788] Furthermore, the protrusions 705A and 705B can advantageously reduce access to the interior of the strap attachment 700, such as the channel 702, at the end of the strap attachment.

[0789] Figures 81A and 81B show perspective cross-sectional views of exemplary embodiments of the strap attachment. In the exemplary embodiment of Figure 81A, projections 710B and 705B are shown aligned in the plane in which channel 702 receives the headgear strap. However, it will be understood that projections 705A and 705B may be aligned with or offset from projections 710A and 710B.

[0790] Similarly, Figure 81B shows the alignment of the projection 710A on the lower part of the strap attachment 700 and the projection 705A on the upper part of the strap attachment 700, along a single plane in which the channel 702 receives the headgear strap.

[0791] In the exemplary embodiments shown in Figures 81A and 81B, the channel 702 includes an entrance or opening at the end of the channel 702 configured to receive the headgear strap 600. The entrance or opening may include a retractable feature that allows for easier insertion of the headgear strap into the channel 702. In the exemplary embodiments, the retractable feature may include a rounded or smooth lip or a substantially rounded or curved profile.

[0792] Figure 82A shows a cross-sectional view of an exemplary embodiment of the strap attachment 700, showing the distance D1 between the point or vertex 712B of projection 710B and the upper opposing wall of channel 702 (on which projection 710A is positioned). Figure 82A also shows the midplane A1 of channel 702, showing that both the point or vertex 712B of projection set 710B and the point or vertex 712A of projection set 710A extend beyond the midpoint of channel 702 and are located in the same half of the channel. In other words, projection 710B is longer than projection 710A. However, in an exemplary embodiment (not shown), projection 710B may be shorter in height than projection 710A, such that vertices 712A and 712B are below the midplane A1 of channel 702.

[0793] In the exemplary embodiment, the vertices of projection 710A and / or projection 710B may be on opposite sides of the midplane A1 of channel 702, such that projections 710A and 710B are either shorter than half the width of channel 702 or longer than half the width of channel 702 (i.e., projections 710A and 710B overlap vertically).

[0794] The distance D1 can be advantageously varied depending on the thickness, material, and / or compressibility of the headgear strap to be received by the strap attachment 700. In some exemplary embodiments, the distance D1 is provided as a function of the thickness of the head strap 600, for example, the ratio of the distance D1 to the thickness of the head strap is in the range of about 1:4 to about 1:1.

[0795] In exemplary embodiments, the distance between the vertex 712B of projection 710B and the plane tangent to the leading surface 714A of projection set 710A may be a function of the thickness, material, and / or compressibility of the headgear strap. This may favorably provide a path for passing the headgear strap 600 through the strap attachment (using tools if necessary).

[0796] Figure 82B shows the distance D2 between point or vertex 712A of projection set 710A and point or vertex 712B of projection set 710B, respectively. Such a distance D2 can also be varied and may be provided as a function of the thickness of the head strap 600 that the strap attachment 700 accepts.

[0797] Figure 82C shows projection sets 710A and 710B, which include acute angles β on the trailing edge 716A and α on the trailing edge 716B, respectively. In exemplary embodiments, the acute angles β and α may range from approximately 40 degrees to approximately 80 degrees.

[0798] In exemplary embodiments, acute angles β and α may provide the direction or inclination of projections 710A and 710B and the positions of points or vertices 712A, 712B in a direction substantially coinciding with the direction of the channel 702 for receiving the headgear strap 600. Advantageously, angles β and α may facilitate the configured projections 710A and 710B in holding the headgear strap inserted into the channel 702.

[0799] In the exemplary embodiments shown in Figures 82A, 82B, and 82C, projections 710A, 710B include trailing edges 716A, 716B and leading edges 714A, 714B. In the exemplary embodiments shown, the leading edges 714A, 714B are substantially straight, and the trailing edges 716A, 716B include a straight section and a curved section. In this embodiment, the curved section of the trailing edge 716A, 716B of each projection is set toward the base of the projection such that the transition from the wall of the channel 702 to the trailing edge of each projection is gradual. This may advantageously provide additional strength to projections 710A, 710B, although it will be understood that this transition may not be very gradual or that the angles of the two planes form angles β and α. In either embodiment, the acute nature of angles β and α causes the projections to form hook-shaped vertices 712A and 712B, which leads to the retention of the headgear strap 600 as described herein.

[0800] Figure 83 shows a front view of an exemplary embodiment of the strap attachment 700 described herein. This figure shows alternating, opposing points or vertices 712A and 712B of projection set 710A and projection set 710B, respectively.

[0801] Figure 83 shows the approximate central horizontal plane A1 and the approximate central vertical plane A2 of channel 702.

[0802] In the illustrated embodiment, projection 710B is shown to extend beyond the central horizontal plane A1, while projection 710A is shown not to extend beyond the central horizontal plane A1. However, it will be understood that the distance or extension of each projection 710A and projection 710B relative to the plane A1 and / or the opposing wall in the channel 702 may be a function of the strap thickness, material and / or compressibility of the strap.

[0803] Plane A1 shown in Figure 83 is represented as a dashed horizontal line perpendicular to the direction of channel 702 (i.e., crossing channel 702). However, it will be understood that this plane extends as a surface through the strap attachment. This is shown in Figure 82A, where the dashed line A1 represents the same plane, but is shown in a direction parallel to the direction of channel 702. In exemplary embodiments, projections 710A and 710B may be offset from each other in one or both directions of these planes (i.e., parallel and perpendicular to the direction of channel 702). As described above and shown in Figure 82B, projections 710A and 710B may be offset by a distance D2 in the direction of channel 702. Additionally or alternatively, as shown in Figure 83, projections 710A and 710B may be offset in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the channel.

[0804] In the illustrated embodiment, projection sets 710A and 710B are arranged symmetrically on either side of a central vertical plane A2, and are shown offset such that the central projection of projection set 710B is bisected by the vertical plane A2, and the central projection of projection set 710A is separated by the vertical plane A2. The offset positions of projection sets 710A and 710B along plane A1 provide a meandering path (shown as a dashed line T), along which the strap is held. The offset positions of projection sets 710A and 710B can also create more load points on the strap held within the channel 702 (as shown as dots on the vertices of projection sets 710A and 710B in Figure 83) compared to projection sets where opposing vertices are aligned along the same plane. Nevertheless, it will be understood that, as described herein, the projection set 710A and projection set 710B may be arranged to face each other directly, or in any suitable pattern that provides retention and a meandering path for the strap inserted into the channel 702.

[0805] Any reference to prior art in this specification does not constitute, nor should it be interpreted in any way, an endorsement or suggestion that such prior art constitutes part of the common general knowledge of the scope of attempts in any country of the world.

[0806] Where references to directional terms such as “up,” “down,” “forward,” “backward,” “horizontal,” and “vertical” are used herein, these terms refer to the location and orientation of the interface shown in the figure and are used to indicate and / or describe the relative direction or orientation. These locations and orientations may differ when the interface is in use.

[0807] While this disclosure has been described in terms of a particular configuration, other configurations that are obvious to those skilled in the art are also within the scope of this disclosure. Therefore, various modifications and alterations can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of this disclosure. For example, various components can be repositioned as needed. Any feature of the described configurations can be combined with one another, and / or the apparatus may include one or more or all of the features of the configurations described above. Furthermore, not all features, embodiments, and advantages are necessarily required for the implementation of this disclosure. Therefore, the scope of this disclosure is defined solely by the following claims.

Claims

1. a gas flow source configured to provide a gas flow at a high rate to a patient; a patient interface including a single sealing nasal prong configured to deliver the flow of gas to the patient at the high flow rate; 1. A respiratory assistance system comprising: A respiratory assistance system, wherein the single-sealing nasal prong is adapted to substantially seal one of the patient's two nostrils.

2. 10. The respiratory assistance system of claim 1, wherein the patient interface is configured to increase expiratory pressure in the patient's airway.

3. The single sealing nasal prong comprises: a seal body configured to seal against the nostril of a patient, the seal body having opposing front and rear surfaces and opposing left and right surfaces, the opposing front and rear surfaces being substantially symmetrical to one another; an inlet configured to receive a gas; an outlet configured to deliver the gas to the patient, the outlet located at a substantially central position between the left and right sides such that the single sealing nasal prong can seal with either one of the patient's nostrils; Including, 3. A respiratory assistance system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the seal body and the outlet of the single-sealing nasal prong are positioned such that one of the patient's nostrils is substantially sealed and is supplied with gas from the outlet, while the other of the patient's nostrils is not sealed and is not directly supplied with gas from the outlet.

4. the single sealing nasal prong having a seal body configured to seal against the one nostril of the patient, an inlet configured to receive gases, and an outlet configured to deliver the gases to the patient; a conduit directly coupled to and in fluid communication with the single sealed nasal prong; a gas delivery assembly having headgear connected or connectable to said gas delivery assembly; 3. A respiratory assistance system according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising:

5. and a respiratory interface for delivering gas to one nostril of the patient, the respiratory interface comprising: the single sealing nasal prong having a seal body configured to seal against the one nostril of the patient, an inlet configured to receive gas, and an outlet configured to deliver the gas to the patient; a conduit having an outlet configured to supply the gas to the single-sealing nasal prong, the conduit being coupled or coupleable to the single-sealing nasal prong such that the conduit outlet is coaxial with the inlet of the single-sealing nasal prong; 3. A respiratory assistance system according to claim 1 or 2, comprising:

6. and a respiratory interface for delivering gas to one nostril of the patient, the respiratory interface comprising: the single sealing nasal prong having a seal body configured to seal against the one nostril of the patient, an inlet configured to receive gas, and an outlet configured to deliver the gas to the patient; an adjuster configured to allow the single sealing nasal prong to be removable from a first nostril without removing the single sealing nasal prong from the respiratory interface and to be placed in the other nostril of the patient to seal against the other nostril; and 3. A respiratory assistance system according to claim 1 or 2, comprising:

7. and a respiratory interface for delivering gas to one nostril of the patient, the respiratory interface comprising: a body having a pair of side arms configured to provide stability of the interface on the patient's cheek; said single sealed nasal prong; a manifold having a single-sided inlet for receiving gas from a gas source and an outlet for delivering gas to said single sealed nasal prong; Including, 3. A respiratory assistance system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the single-sealing nasal prongs are positioned such that one of the patient's nostrils is substantially sealed and is supplied with gas from the outlet, while the other of the patient's nostrils is not sealed and is not directly supplied with gas from the outlet.

8. and a respiratory interface for delivering gas to one nostril of the patient, the respiratory interface comprising: the single sealing nasal prong having a seal body configured to seal against the one nostril of the patient, an inlet configured to receive gas, and an outlet configured to deliver the gas to the patient; a support for the single-sealing nasal prong, the single-sealing nasal prong being translatable relative to the support, the single-sealing nasal prong being interchangeably received by the patient's nares, and the single-sealing nasal prong remaining coupled to the support; headgear connected or connectable to said support; 3. A respiratory assistance system according to claim 1 or 2, comprising:

9. and a respiratory interface for delivering gas to one nostril of the patient, the respiratory interface comprising: the single sealing nasal prong having a seal body configured to seal against the one nostril of the patient, an inlet configured to receive gas, and an outlet configured to deliver the gas to the patient; A cuff including a prong connection Including, 3. A respiratory assistance system as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the single sealing nasal prong is received or receivable by the prong coupling portion of the cuff.

10. The single sealing nasal prong comprises: an inlet configured to receive a gas; an outlet configured to deliver the gas to the patient, the outlet having a generally oval cross-section; a seal body having a wall defining an outer surface of the single sealing nasal prong, the outer surface of the single sealing nasal prong curving outwardly and tapering inwardly from an inlet end to an outlet end; Including, the wall defines a gas passage between the inlet and the outlet; 3. A respiratory assistance system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein gas flowing through the gas passage causes the outer surface of the single-sealing nasal prong to seal against the other nostril of the patient.

11. 11. A respiratory assistance system according to any preceding claim, further comprising a humidifier configured to heat and humidify the gas flow provided to the patient.

12. The humidifier includes a humidification chamber, the humidification chamber comprising: a gas inlet for receiving the gas flow from the gas flow source; a gas outlet for delivering a humidified gas flow to the patient interface; 12. The respiratory assistance system of claim 11, comprising:

13. 13. A respiratory assistance system as described in claim 11 or 12, further comprising an inspiratory conduit located between the humidifier and the patient interface, the inspiratory conduit configured to deliver the humidified gas flow to the patient interface.

14. 14. A respiratory assistance system according to any one of claims 11 to 13, wherein the humidifier comprises a humidification chamber removably connected to a humidifier base unit.

15. 15. A respiratory assistance system according to any one of claims 12 to 14, wherein the humidification chamber is configured to be filled with a humidification liquid for humidifying the gas flow to the patient, optionally the humidification liquid being water.

16. 16. A respiratory assistance system according to any one of claims 12 to 15, wherein the humidification chamber comprises a thermally conductive base.

17. 17. The respiratory assistance system of claim 16, wherein the humidifier base unit includes a heater plate, and the thermally conductive base, when in contact with the heater plate of the humidifier base unit, enables heating of the humidification liquid in the chamber.

18. 18. A respiratory assistance system according to any one of claims 14 to 17, wherein the flow source and the humidifier base unit are integral.

19. 19. A respiratory assistance system according to any one of claims 13 to 18, wherein the inspiratory conduit is a heated inspiratory conduit.

20. 20. A respiratory assistance system according to any one of claims 13 to 19, further comprising a patient conduit located between the inspiratory conduit and the patient interface, the patient conduit being formed from a breathable material.

21. 21. A respiratory assistance system according to any one of claims 1 to 20, wherein the high flow rate comprises a gas flow delivered to the patient of at least 20 L / min.

22. 22. A respiratory assistance system according to any one of claims 1 to 21, wherein the high flow rate comprises a gas flow delivered to the patient of up to about 70 L / min.

23. 23. A respiratory assistance system according to any preceding claim, wherein the gas flow comprises a set gas flow rate.

24. 24. A respiratory assistance system according to any one of claims 1 to 23, further comprising headgear for holding the patient interface on the patient's face.

25. and a respiratory interface for delivering gas to one nostril of the patient, the respiratory interface comprising: The single sealing nasal prong, an inlet configured to receive a gas; an outlet configured to deliver the gas to the patient; a seal body having a wall defining an outer surface of the single sealing nasal prong; the single sealed nasal prong further comprising: Including, the seal body and the outlet of the single-sealing nasal prong are positioned such that one of the patient's nostrils is substantially sealed and receives gas from the outlet, while the other of the patient's nostrils is not sealed and does not receive direct gas from the outlet; 25. A respiratory assistance system according to any one of claims 1 to 24, wherein the respiratory interface is configured to provide respiratory flow therapy to the patient through the single sealing nasal prong.

26. 26. A respiratory assistance system as claimed in claim 25, wherein the wall defines the inlet, the outlet and the seal body.

27. 27. A respiratory assistance system as claimed in claim 25 or 26, wherein the wall thickness is between about 0.7 mm and about 0.8 mm.

28. 28. A respiratory assistance system according to any one of claims 25 to 27, wherein the cross section of the prong outlet is generally oval.

29. 29. A respiratory assistance system as claimed in claim 28, wherein the cross section of the prong outlet is elliptical.

30. 30. A respiratory assistance system according to any one of claims 25 to 29, wherein the cross-section of the outlet has a minor radius of about 1 mm to about 3 mm and a major radius of about 5 mm to about 10 mm.

31. 31. A respiratory assistance system as claimed in claim 30, wherein the minor radius is approximately 2 mm and the major radius is approximately 7 mm.

32. 32. A respiratory assistance system according to any one of claims 25 to 31, wherein the seal body tapers inwardly from the inlet towards the outlet.

33. 33. A respiratory assistance system according to any one of claims 25 to 32, wherein a cross-sectional area of ​​the prong outlet is smaller than a cross-sectional area of ​​the prong inlet.

34. 34. A respiratory assistance system according to any one of claims 1 to 33, wherein the single sealing nasal prong is configured to provide an expiratory pressure of between 3.5 cmH2O and 20 cmH2O.

35. 35. A respiratory assistance system according to any one of claims 25 to 34, wherein the outer surface of the seal body tapers inwardly from the inlet end to the outlet end.

36. 36. A respiratory assistance system according to any one of claims 25 to 35, wherein the outer surface of the seal body is outwardly curved.

37. 37. A respiratory assistance system according to any one of claims 1 to 36, wherein the gas flow rate is controlled to generate a desired pressure for the patient's inhalation and exhalation.

38. 38. A respiratory assistance system as claimed in claim 37, wherein the gas flow rate is reduced as the patient exhales to reduce expiratory pressure.

39. 39. A respiratory assistance system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 38, configured to provide an expiratory airway pressure of approximately 5 to 8 cmH2O.

40. 40. A respiratory assistance system according to any one of claims 25 to 39, wherein the outlet is configured such that gas delivered from the outlet causes washout of dead space gas through the unsealed nostril.

41. 41. A respiratory assistance system according to any one of claims 1 to 40, wherein the single nasal prong is interchangeable between nostrils.

42. 42. A respiratory assistance system according to any one of claims 1 to 41, further comprising one or more sliding members configured to allow nasal prong adjustment independent of head strap adjustment.

43. 43. A respiratory assistance system according to any one of claims 1 to 42, further comprising a conduit configured to deliver gas directly to the single sealed nasal prong without passing through another component.

44. 44. A respiratory assistance system as claimed in claim 43, wherein a cross section of the prong inlet is substantially similar to a cross section of the conduit outlet.

45. 45. A respiratory assistance system as claimed in claim 43 or 44, wherein the cross section of the inlet is substantially similar to the cross section of the conduit proximal to the patient.

46. 46. ​​A respiratory assistance system according to any one of claims 43 to 45, wherein the gas path from the conduit to the prong outlet is substantially straight.

47. 47. A respiratory assistance system according to any one of claims 43 to 46, wherein the single sealed nasal prong and the conduit form a continuous gas pathway.

48. 48. A respiratory assistance system according to any one of claims 43 to 47, wherein the single-sealing nasal prong and the conduit form a direct fluid connection.

49. 1. A respiratory interface for delivering gas to one nostril of a patient, comprising: A single sealing nasal prong, comprising: a seal body configured to seal with one of the patient's nostrils, the seal body having opposing front and rear surfaces and opposing left and right surfaces, the opposing front and rear surfaces being substantially symmetrical to one another; an inlet configured to receive a gas; an outlet configured to deliver the gas to the patient, the outlet located at a substantially central position between the left and right sides such that the single sealing nasal prong can seal with either one of the patient's nostrils; Including, the seal body and the outlet of the single-sealing nasal prongs are positioned such that one of the patient's nostrils is substantially sealed and receives gas supply from the outlet, while the other of the patient's nostrils is not sealed and does not receive direct gas supply from the outlet. a respiratory interface including:

50. 50. A respiratory interface according to claim 49, further comprising a gases delivery assembly, said gases delivery assembly comprising said single sealing nasal prong.

51. 51. A respiratory interface according to claim 49 or 50, wherein the gas delivery assembly further comprises a conduit connected or connectable to the single sealing nasal prong.

52. 52. A respiratory interface according to claim 49 or 51, further comprising headgear connected or connectable to the gas delivery assembly.

53. 1. A respiratory interface for delivering gas to one nostril of a patient, comprising:

1. A gas delivery assembly comprising: a single sealing nasal prong having a seal body configured to seal with one of the patient's nostrils, an inlet configured to receive gases, and an outlet configured to deliver the gases to the patient; a conduit directly coupled to and in fluid communication with the single sealed nasal prong; a gas delivery assembly having headgear connected or connectable to said gas delivery assembly; A breathing interface consisting of:

54. 1. A respiratory interface for delivering gas to one nostril of a patient, comprising:

1. A gas delivery assembly comprising: a single sealing nasal prong having a seal body configured to seal with one of the patient's nostrils, an inlet configured to receive gases, and an outlet configured to deliver the gases to the patient; a conduit directly coupled to and in fluid communication with the single sealed nasal prong; a gas delivery assembly comprising: headgear connected or connectable to said gas delivery assembly; a respiratory interface including:

55. 1. A respiratory interface for delivering gas to one nostril of a patient, comprising:

1. A frameless gas delivery assembly comprising: a single-sealing nasal prong having a seal body configured to seal against one of the patient's nostrils, the single-sealing nasal prong having an inlet configured to receive gases and an outlet configured to deliver the gases to the patient; a conduit in fluid communication with said single sealed nasal prong; a frameless gas delivery assembly including: headgear connected or connectable to said gas delivery assembly; a respiratory interface including:

56. 56. A respiratory interface according to any one of claims 52 to 55, wherein the headgear is directly connected to the gas delivery assembly.

57. 57. A respiratory interface according to any one of claims 52 to 56, wherein the headgear is connected directly to the single sealing nasal prong.

58. 56. A respiratory interface according to any one of claims 52 to 55, wherein the headgear is directly connected to the conduit.

59. 59. A respiratory interface according to any one of claims 51 to 58, wherein the gas path from the conduit to the outlet of the single sealing nasal prong is substantially straight.

60. 60. A respiratory interface according to any one of claims 49 to 59, wherein the seal body includes a wall defining the inlet, the outlet, and the seal body.

61. 61. A respiratory interface as described in claim 60, wherein the wall thickness is between about 0.7 mm and about 0.8 mm.

62. 62. A respiratory interface according to any one of claims 49 to 61, further comprising an adjuster configured to isolate the single sealing nasal prong from tension when the single sealing nasal prong is moved from one nostril to the other while still allowing the headgear to maintain headgear retention.

63. 63. A respiratory interface according to claim 62, wherein the adjuster includes a support.

64. 64. A respiratory interface according to claim 63, wherein the support is or includes one or more sliding members.

65. 65. A respiratory interface according to claim 63 or 64, wherein the support is or comprises a flexible portion.

66. 66. A respiratory interface according to any one of claims 49 to 65, wherein the adjuster is coupled to a cuff supporting the single sealing nasal prong between or as an intermediate component of a headgear mechanism.

67. 67. A respiratory interface according to any one of claims 49 to 66, further comprising a clip configured to releasably fasten the conduit to another item associated with the patient.

68. 68. A respiratory interface according to any one of claims 49 to 67, wherein the outlet is located at a position approximately centrally between the front and rear faces.

69. 69. A respiratory interface according to any one of claims 49 to 68, wherein the opposing left and right sides are substantially symmetrical to each other.

70. 70. A respiratory interface according to any one of claims 49 to 69, wherein the single sealing nasal prong is pivotable about an axis such that it can be oriented to fit into either of the patient's nares.

71. 71. A respiratory interface according to any one of claims 49 to 70, wherein the single sealing nasal prong comprises a rigid portion that is connected or connectable to the gas flow assembly.

72. 72. A respiratory interface according to claim 71, wherein a rigid portion provides stability of the single sealing nasal prong relative to the gas flow assembly.

73. 73. A respiratory interface according to any one of claims 49 to 72, wherein the wall thickness of the rigid portion is between about 1.5 mm and about 4 mm.

74. 74. A respiratory interface according to any one of claims 49 to 73, wherein the single sealing nasal prong includes a flexible portion configured to substantially conform to the shape of the patient's nares.

75. 1. A respiratory interface for delivering gas to one nostril of a patient, comprising: a single-sealing nasal prong having a seal body configured to seal with one of the patient's nostrils, an inlet configured to receive gas, and an outlet configured to deliver the gas to the patient; a support for the single-sealing nasal prong, the single-sealing nasal prong being translatable relative to the support, the single-sealing nasal prong being interchangeably received by the patient's nares, and the single-sealing nasal prong remaining coupled to the support; headgear connected or connectable to said support; a respiratory interface including:

76. 76. A respiratory interface according to claim 75, wherein the support comprises a sliding member.

77. 77. A respiratory interface as claimed in claim 75 or 76, wherein the support comprises two sliding members.

78. 78. A respiratory interface according to claim 76 or 77, wherein the sliding member is shapable or adaptable such that the sliding member substantially follows or adapts to the contours of a patient's face.

79. 78. A respiratory interface according to claim 76 or 77, wherein the sliding member comprises a preformed profile.

80. 80. A respiratory interface as described in claim 79, wherein the pre-shaped profile comprises a pre-curved or rounded profile comprising a curvature or profile that substantially follows or adapts to the contours of the patient's face, or the curve or profile is substantially convex relative to the patient's face.

81. 81. A respiratory interface according to claim 79 or 80, wherein the pre-formed profile comprises one or more of a range of approximately 120 degrees of a circle, approximately one-third of a circle, or an arc-shaped configuration.

82. 82. A respiratory interface according to any one of claims 79 to 81, wherein the pre-formed profile comprises a length and / or pre-curved length in the range of about 70 mm to about 110 mm.

83. 83. A respiratory interface according to claim 82, wherein the pre-curved or rounded profile comprises a range or pre-curved length of about 90 mm.

84. 84. A respiratory interface according to any one of claims 75 to 83, further comprising a clip at an end portion of the sliding member that is coupled or coupleable to headgear.

85. 85. A respiratory interface according to any one of claims 75 to 84, wherein a strap is coupled or coupleable to the single sealing nasal prong.

86. 86. A respiratory interface according to any one of claims 74 to 85, wherein the strap is removably coupled to the single sealing nasal prong.

87. 87. A respiratory interface according to any one of claims 74 to 86, wherein the headgear is a single strap or a branched strap.

88. 88. A respiratory interface according to any one of claims 74 to 87, wherein at least one end of the headgear includes a strap attachment.

89. The strap attachment is a substantially hollow body including an interior wall for defining a channel therebetween; a substantially hollow body including an open end and a terminal end, the open end defining an opening to the channel and for receiving a free end of a head strap, and the terminal end defining an end of the channel substantially distal to the open end, the channel providing a passageway extending between the open end and the terminal end, through which the head strap is threaded; at least one first protrusion extending from a base attached to the interior wall to a tip substantially in a direction toward the opposing interior wall or at least into the channel defined by the opposing side walls; Including, the tip is configured to engage at least a portion or surface of a head strap received within the channel, the tip is configured to substantially allow the head strap to be threaded into the channel and in a direction along the path from the open end to the distal end, and the tip is configured to substantially resist the head strap being disengaged or pulled out of the channel in a direction extending from the distal end toward the open end of the substantially hollow body; 89. A respiratory interface as described in claim 88, wherein the tip of the at least one first protrusion is positioned to be spaced a predetermined distance from the opposing interior wall, the predetermined distance being a function of a thickness of a head strap to be received within the channel.

90. The strap attachment is two or more walls defining a channel, the channel configured to receive an end of a head strap; a first protrusion set including at least one first protrusion extending from a first wall of the strap attachment and substantially toward or into the channel, the first protrusion including a distal end configured to engage a portion of the head strap and prevent the end of the head strap received in the channel from being removed from the channel; Including, the distal end of the first protrusion is spaced a distance from a second opposing wall of the channel; 89. A respiratory interface according to claim 88, wherein the distance is provided as a function of a thickness of the head strap received within the channel.

91. The strap attachment is two or more walls defining a channel, the channel configured to receive an end of a head strap; a first protrusion set including at least one first protrusion; a second protrusion set including at least one second protrusion; Including, the first set of protrusions and the second set of protrusions extend from opposing walls of the strap attachment into the channel; the at least one first protrusion of the first set of protrusions and the at least one second protrusion of the second set of protrusions include a distal end configured to engage a portion of a head strap and prevent disengagement of an end of the head strap received in the channel; 89. A respiratory interface according to claim 88, wherein the distal end of the at least one first and second protrusion tapers to or includes a tapered end or apex.

92. The strap attachment is two or more walls defining a channel, the channel configured to receive an end of a head strap; a first protrusion set including at least one first protrusion; a second protrusion set including at least one second protrusion; Including, the first and second sets of projections define a curved or serpentine path through which the end of the head strap is received; the at least one first protrusion of the first set of protrusions and the at least one second protrusion of the second set of protrusions include a distal end for engaging a portion of the head strap and preventing disengagement of an end of the head strap received in the channel; 89. A respiratory interface according to claim 88, wherein the distal end of the at least one first and second protrusion tapers to or includes a tapered end or apex.

93. 93. A respiratory interface according to any one of claims 88 to 92, wherein the strap attachment comprises a strap termination or a ferrule.

94. 94. A respiratory interface as described in claim 93, wherein the at least one end portion of the headgear is received within a channel of the strap attachment, and when received, the at least one end portion of the headgear follows a defined path, such as an optionally substantially serpentine path, within the channel of the strap attachment.

95. 95. A respiratory interface as described in claim 94, wherein the strap attachment includes a plurality of protrusions, the plurality of protrusions including a first set of protrusions and a second set of protrusions, the first and second sets of protrusions being disposed on opposite sides of the channel.

96. 96. A respiratory interface according to claim 95, wherein the first and second sets of protrusions are arranged to be offset, such as optionally laterally offset, from one another in an opposing configuration.

97. 97. A respiratory interface as described in claim 95 or 96, wherein the protrusion is configured to extend towards an end of the strap attachment opposite a head strap insertion end of the strap attachment.

98. 98. A respiratory interface as described in claim 97, wherein at least one protrusion tapers to a tapered end, tip, or apex.

99. 99. A respiratory interface as described in claim 98, wherein the strap attachment includes an opening through which the headgear is inserted into the channel.

100. 100. A respiratory interface as described in claim 99, wherein the opening includes a lead-in feature.

101. 101. A respiratory interface as described in claim 100, wherein the lead-in feature includes a substantially rounded lip for accommodating or receiving the headgear.

102. 102. A respiratory interface according to any one of claims 75 to 101, wherein the seal body has opposing left and right sides, and the prong outlet is centered between the left and right sides such that the single sealing nasal prong can be adjusted to seal with either one of the nares to provide therapy to the patient.

103. 103. A respiratory interface according to claim 102, wherein the seal body has opposed front and rear faces, and the prong outlet is centered between the front and rear faces such that the single-sealing nasal prong may be inserted regardless of vertical orientation.

104. A single sealing nasal prong, comprising: an inlet configured to receive a gas; an outlet configured to deliver the gas to a patient, the outlet having a generally oval cross-section; a seal body having a wall defining an outer surface of the single sealing nasal prong, the outer surface of the single sealing nasal prong curving outwardly and tapering inwardly from an inlet end to an outlet end; Including, the wall defines a gas passage between the inlet and the outlet; A single-sealing nasal prong, wherein gas flowing through the gas passage causes the outer surface of the single-sealing nasal prong to seal against one of the patient's nostrils.

105. 105. The unitary sealing nasal prong of claim 104, wherein a cross-sectional area of ​​the prong outlet is less than a cross-sectional area of ​​the prong inlet.

106. 106. The single-sealing nasal prong according to claim 104 or 105, wherein the seal body and the outlet of the single-sealing nasal prong are positioned such that one of the patient's nostrils is substantially sealed and is supplied with gas from the outlet, while the other of the patient's nostril is not sealed and is not directly supplied with gas from the outlet.

107. 107. The unitary sealing nasal prong of any one of claims 104 to 106, wherein the seal body includes a wall defining the inlet, the outlet, and the seal body.

108. 108. A respiratory interface as described in claim 107, wherein the wall thickness is between about 0.7 mm and about 0.8 mm.

109. 109. The single-sealing nasal prong of any one of claims 104 to 108, having a sealing portion and a bonding portion.

110. 110. The single-sealing nasal prong of any one of claims 104 to 109, wherein the bonding portion is more rigid than the sealing portion.

111. 111. The unitary sealing nasal prong according to any one of claims 104 to 110, wherein the coupling portion has a lip that is engaged or engageable with a conduit cuff.

112. 112. The unitary sealing nasal prong according to any one of claims 104 to 111, wherein the lip has an undercut for receiving a groove from the conduit portion.

113. 113. The single-sealing nasal prong of any one of claims 104-112, wherein the prong outlet is positioned relative to the prong body such that the prong can be adjusted to seal with either one of the nostrils to provide treatment to the user.

114. 114. The single sealing nasal prong of any one of claims 104 to 113, which is interchangeable between the nostrils of the user.

115. 115. The single sealing nasal prong of any one of claims 104 to 114, configured to provide an expiratory airway pressure of between 3.5 cmH2O and 20 cmH2O.

116. 116. The single-sealing nasal prong of any one of claims 104 to 115, wherein a cross section of the prong inlet is substantially similar to a cross section of the conduit outlet.

117. 117. The single sealing nasal prong according to any one of claims 104 to 116, wherein a ratio of a length of the single sealing nasal prong to a width of the single sealing nasal prong is from about 1.52 to about 1.

59.

118. 118. The single-sealing nasal prong of any one of claims 104-117, wherein a ratio of a cross-sectional area of ​​the prong outlet to a cross-sectional area of ​​the conduit outlet 305 is about 0.

72.

119. 119. The single-sealing nasal prong of any one of claims 104-118, wherein a ratio of a cross-sectional area of ​​the prong exit to a cross-sectional area of ​​a base of the seal is about 0.

33.

120. 120. The single-sealing nasal prong of any one of claims 104-119, wherein the prong outlet is approximately central to the conduit outlet.

121. 121. The single-sealing nasal prong of any one of claims 104 to 120, comprising a flexible seal.

122. 122. A user interface according to any one of claims 104 to 121, wherein the single sealing nasal prong includes a rigid joint.

123. 123. The user interface of claim 122, wherein the wall thickness of the rigid joint is between about 1.5 mm and about 4 mm.

124. 124. The single-sealing nasal prong of any one of claims 104-123, wherein the prong outlet is central to the prong body in a horizontal orientation such that the prong can be adjusted to seal with either one of the nostrils to provide treatment to the user.

125. 125. The unitary sealing nasal prong of any one of claims 104-124, wherein the prong outlet is central to the prong body in both horizontal and vertical orientations such that the prong may be inserted regardless of vertical orientation.

126. 126. The unitary sealing nasal prong of any one of claims 104-125, wherein the seal body is substantially symmetrical about a vertical axis.

127. 127. The unitary sealing nasal prong of any one of claims 104-126, wherein the seal body is substantially symmetrical about a horizontal axis.

128. a humidification chamber having a humidification inlet configured to couple to a flow source and a humidification outlet; an inlet conduit having an inlet conduit inlet configured to couple to the humidification outlet and an inlet conduit outlet; a single sealing nasal prong configured to couple to the inhalation conduit outlet; Kit including:

129. 129. The kit of claim 128, wherein the single sealing nasal prong is as described in any one of claims 1 to 127.

130. 130. The kit of claim 128 or 129, wherein the single-sealing nasal prong further comprises a patient conduit, the patient conduit comprising an inlet configured to couple to the inspiratory conduit outlet.

131. 131. The kit of claim 130, wherein the patient conduit is formed of a breathable material.

132. 132. The kit of any one of claims 128 to 131, wherein the air inlet conduit is heated.

133. 133. The kit of any one of claims 128 to 132, further comprising a conduit clip configured to secure the inhalation conduit to or around a patient.

134. 134. The kit of any one of claims 128 to 133, wherein the humidification chamber is configured to be filled with a humidification liquid for humidifying the gas flow to the patient, and optionally the humidification liquid is water.

135. 135. The kit of any one of claims 128 to 134, wherein the humidification chamber is removably connectable to a humidifier base unit.

136. 136. The kit of claim 135, wherein the humidifier base unit is integral with the flow source.

137. 137. A kit according to any one of claims 128 to 136, wherein the humidification chamber includes a thermally conductive base and the humidifier base unit includes a heater plate, the thermally conductive base enabling heating of the humidification liquid in the chamber when in contact with the heater plate of the humidifier base unit.

138. 1. A respiratory interface for delivering gas to one nostril of a patient, comprising: a single-sealing nasal prong having a seal body configured to seal against one of the patient's two nostrils, a prong inlet configured to receive gas, and a prong outlet configured to supply the gas to the patient; a support for said single sealing nasal prong; a conduit directly coupled to and in fluid communication with the single sealed nasal prong; Including, A respiratory interface, wherein the single sealing nasal prong and / or the respiratory interface is configured to allow the prong to seal alternately with or against the patient's left or right nostril.

139. 139. A respiratory interface as described in claim 138, wherein the prongs and / or the respiratory interface are configured to allow the prongs to seal against or alternatively with a patient's left or right nostril while allowing the prongs to remain attached to the support or without being detached from the support.

140. 140. A respiratory interface as described in claim 139, wherein the prongs are in a fixed position relative to the support.

141. 140. A respiratory interface as described in claim 139, wherein the prongs are translatable relative to the support.

142. 142. A respiratory interface according to any one of claims 138 to 141, wherein the support is external to, or separate from, the gas supplied to the conduit or the single sealing nasal prongs, or does not form part of the gas supplied to the conduit or the single sealing nasal prongs.

143. 143. A respiratory interface according to any one of claims 138 to 142, wherein the conduit is fluidly separated from the support or the support does not form part of a gas path for gas supplied to the single sealing nasal prong.

144. 144. A respiratory interface according to any one of claims 138 to 143, wherein the conduit comprises a single conduit.

145. 145. A respiratory interface according to any one of claims 138 to 144, further comprising a gas path from the conduit to the prong outlet, the gas path being substantially straight.

146. 146. A respiratory interface according to any one of claims 138 to 145, wherein a conduit outlet of the conduit is directly coupled to the prong inlet of the single sealing nasal prong, the conduit outlet and the prong outlet sharing a substantially common, substantially central axis.

147. 147. A respiratory interface according to any one of claims 138 to 146, further comprising headgear removably connectable to the support.

148. 148. A respiratory interface according to any one of claims 138 to 147, further comprising a cuff, the single sealing nasal prong being configured to mate with the cuff.

149. 149. A respiratory interface according to any one of claims 138 to 148, further comprising a conduit connector, the conduit being configured to mate with the conduit connector.

150. A respiratory interface as described in claim 149 when dependent on claim 148, wherein the conduit connector and the cuff are separate or integral components.

151. 151. A respiratory interface as described in claim 150, wherein the single sealing nasal prong comprises a substantially flexible or substantially compliant material, and the conduit connector and / or the cuff comprise a substantially rigid material.

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