Automatic closing device
The automatic closing device for fire doors reduces stress on internal components by using a sliding member and holding mechanism to distribute the engagement force, enhancing durability and reliability.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- JP · JP
- Patent Type
- Patents
- Current Assignee / Owner
- NOHMI BOSAI LTD
- Filing Date
- 2023-03-13
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-20
AI Technical Summary
Existing automatic closing devices for fire doors experience repeated stress and malfunction due to the strong pushing operation required to maintain the open position, leading to wear and tear on internal components.
The automatic closing device incorporates a housing with a sliding member, a holding mechanism, and a return mechanism, allowing the interlocking member to engage and disengage with a hook member without direct contact, reducing the load applied to internal components by transferring it to the housing and sliding member.
This design reduces the load on internal components by distributing the force through the sliding member and housing, minimizing wear and tear, and ensuring smooth operation of fire doors during normal use and emergencies.
Smart Images
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
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[0001] The present disclosure relates to an automatic closing device that keeps a fire and smoke prevention equipment for creating a fire or smoke partition in an open state at all times and closes it in an emergency such as a fire.
Background Art
[0002] The automatic closing device is a device used in association with a fire and smoke prevention equipment including a fire and smoke shutter, a smoke curtain, a hanging wall, a window damper, a fire door, etc. The automatic closing device releases the brake of the driving part (opening and closing machine) of the fire and smoke prevention equipment in an emergency such as a fire, lowers (closes) it, and plays a role in creating a fire and smoke partition.
[0003] Hereinafter, a representative example of the fire and smoke prevention equipment will be described as a fire door. The automatic opening and closing device used for a fire door generally includes a latch having an engaging part that engages with an engaging member of the fire door, and always holds the engagement between the engaging part of the latch and the engaging member of the fire door to keep the fire door in an open state.
[0004] On the other hand, in an emergency such as a fire, in conjunction with the operation of an activation means such as a solenoid, the holding state of the engagement between the engaging part of the latch and the engaging member of the fire door is released, and the fire door can be automatically closed by its own weight (for example, see Patent Document 1).
Prior Art Documents
Patent Documents
[0005]
Patent Document 1
Summary of the Invention
Problems to be Solved by the Invention
[0006] Automatic closing devices maintain the open position of fire doors and close them as needed. There are two methods for activating such automatic closing devices to close fire doors: linked activation, which operates in conjunction with a detector, and manual activation, which is activated based on manual operation.
[0007] When fire doors are opened and closed manually on a daily basis, the automatic closing mechanism is subjected to repeated stress. Generally, fire doors are heavy, and in order to keep such fire doors open using the automatic closing mechanism, a strong pushing operation is required to engage the fire door with the automatic closing mechanism. This results in repeated contact between the engaging member of the fire door and the engaging part of the automatic closing mechanism. As a result, repeated stress is applied to the internal components of the automatic closing mechanism, which may lead to malfunction of the automatic closing mechanism.
[0008] This disclosure is made to solve the above-mentioned problems and aims to provide an automatic closing device that can reduce the load applied inside the device by operating it to maintain a fire-resistant and smoke-proof device, such as a fire door. [Means for solving the problem]
[0009] The automatic closing device according to this disclosure comprises a housing having a bottom plate, an interlocking member that is linked to a fire or smoke control system for creating a fire or smoke compartment, a holding mechanism provided inside the housing that can change between a holding state that holds the interlocking member and an unholding state that releases the holding of the interlocking member, a return mechanism that returns the state of the holding mechanism from the holding state to the unholding state, and a sliding member that penetrates the bottom plate and is slidable relative to the bottom plate in a direction that penetrates the bottom plate. The bottom plate is provided with an opening, and the interlocking member has an insertion portion that can be inserted into the housing through the opening, and a protruding portion provided on the insertion portion outside the housing. The interlocking member moves relative to the housing to an insertion position where the insertion portion is inserted into the housing, and the protruding portion operates the holding mechanism via the sliding member to release the unholding state. The holding mechanism enters the holding state when it is activated by the release of the unholding state. [Effects of the Invention]
[0010] According to this disclosure, an automatic closing device can be obtained that reduces the load applied inside the device by operating it to maintain a fire-resistant and smoke-proof device, such as a fire door. [Brief explanation of the drawing]
[0011] [Figure 1] This is an explanatory diagram showing a first state of the configuration of the automatic closing device according to Embodiment 1 of this disclosure. [Figure 2] This is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of the interlocking member according to Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure. [Figure 3] This is an explanatory diagram showing a second state of the configuration of the automatic closing device according to Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure. [Figure 4] This is an explanatory diagram showing a third state of the configuration of the automatic closing device according to Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure. [Figure 5] This is an explanatory diagram showing a fourth state of the configuration of the automatic closing device according to Embodiment 1 of this disclosure. [Figure 6]This is an explanatory diagram relating to the configuration of the displacement cam member according to Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure. [Modes for carrying out the invention]
[0012] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the automatic closing device of this disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. The automatic closing device according to this disclosure is technically characterized by having a sliding member that penetrates the bottom plate of the housing and slides in the depth direction (towards the back of wall 1), and when an operation is performed to hold the fire and smoke protection equipment in place, a load is applied to the inside of the device via the sliding member. As a result, the load applied to the inside of the device by an operation to hold fire and smoke protection equipment, such as a fire door, in place can be reduced.
[0013] In the following explanation, fire doors will be used as a representative example of fire and smoke control equipment used to create fire- or smoke-proof compartments.
[0014] Embodiment 1. Figure 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a first state of the configuration of an automatic closing device according to Embodiment 1 of this disclosure. The automatic closing device according to Embodiment 1 comprises an interlocking member 100 provided on the fire door side and a housing 10 installed on the wall 1 side, which is the installation surface of the automatic closing device.
[0015] The housing 10 has a bottom plate portion 11 whose surface protrudes from the wall 1, an opening 12 provided in the bottom plate portion 11, and a hook shaft 13. The bottom plate portion 11 is provided with a sliding member 40 that penetrates the bottom plate portion 11 in the depth direction and is slidable. In addition, a holding mechanism 20 and a return mechanism 30 are provided inside the housing 10.
[0016] The holding mechanism 20 is capable of switching between a holding state in which it holds the interlocking member 100 and an unholding state in which it releases the interlocking member 100. The holding mechanism 20 comprises a hook member 21, a displacement cam member 22, and an actuation force generating body 23.
[0017] The hook member 21 rotates about a hook shaft 13 provided on the housing, and has a stopper 21a that holds the movement of the displacement cam member 22.
[0018] FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of the interlocking member according to Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure. The interlocking member 100 shown in FIG. 2(A) includes an insertion portion 101 that can be inserted into the housing 10 through the opening 12, and a protruding portion 102 provided on the insertion portion 101 outside the housing.
[0019] The interlocking member 100a shown in FIG. 2(B) is a modified example of the interlocking member 100, and includes an insertion portion 101a that can be inserted into the housing 10 through the opening 12, and a protruding portion 102 provided on the insertion portion 101 outside the housing.
[0020] The insertion portion shown in FIG. 2(A) has an L shape and is configured to be hooked by engaging with the hook member 21. The insertion portion 101a shown in FIG. 2(B) has a U shape and is configured to be hooked by engaging the hook member 21 with an opening formed by the insertion portion 101 and the protruding portion 10). Thus, the interlocking member only needs to be in a shape that can be hooked by engaging with the hook member 21. Hereinafter, the case where the interlocking member 100 shown in FIG. 2(A) is used will be described as a specific example.
[0021] Returning to FIG. 1, the operations and functions of the components in the automatic closing device according to Embodiment 1 will be described. FIG. 1(A) shows the overall configuration in a state where the interlocking member 100 is not held by the hook member 21, that is, in a non-held state where the holding of the interlocking member 100 is released. In the non-held state, the fire door is closed, and a partition for fire prevention or smoke prevention is created. FIG. 1(B) shows the state of the "X portion" surrounded by a dotted circle in the non-held state shown in FIG. 1(A) as viewed from the right side.
[0022] The interlocking member 100 is a component that interlocks with a fire door, which is a fire and smoke control device for creating fire or smoke-proof compartments. The insertion portion 101 of the interlocking member 100 can be inserted into the housing 10 through the opening 12, but Figure 1(A) shows the state before the insertion portion 101 is inserted into the housing 10 through the opening 12.
[0023] The hook member 21 can rotate around the hook shaft 13 provided in the housing, thereby being displaceable relative to the housing 10 between the engaged position and the disengaged position. A hook retraction force is applied to the hook member 21 in the direction toward the disengaged position.
[0024] Figure 1(A) shows the unheld state in which the interlocking member 100 is not held by the hook member 21. In this unheld state, the hook member 21 is in the detached position due to the hook retraction force.
[0025] The displacement cam member 22 is displaceable relative to the housing 10 between a retracted position and an advanced position. The direction in which the displacement cam member 22 is displaced is intersecting the direction in which the hook member 21 is displaced.
[0026] Figure 1(A) shows the unheld state in which the interlocking member 100 is not held by the hook member 21. In this unheld state, the displacement cam member 22 is held in the retracted position by the stopper 21a, as shown in Figure 1(B).
[0027] Furthermore, the holding mechanism 20 has an actuation force generator 23 that applies an actuation force to the displacement cam member 22 in the direction toward the forward position, and the actuation force generator 23 is shown as a white arrow in Figure 1(B).
[0028] The return mechanism 30 is a mechanism that returns the state of the holding mechanism 20 from the holding state to the non-holding state. For example, the return mechanism 30 can be configured to have an electromagnet. In this case, the return mechanism 30 can generate an electromagnetic attractive force that attracts the displacement cam member 22 against the operating force generated by the operating force generator 23 by energizing the electromagnet.
[0029] Next, using Figure 3, we will describe the state in which the insertion portion 101 has moved relative to the housing 10 to an insertion position where it is inserted into the housing 10 through the opening 12. Figure 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a second state of the configuration of the automatic closing device according to Embodiment 1 of this disclosure.
[0030] In order to change from the non-holding state shown in the explanatory diagram of the first state in Figure 1 to the holding state, the interlocking member 100 provided on the fire door side is inserted into the opening 12 of the housing 10. In the explanatory diagram of the second state shown in Figure 3, the insertion portion 101 of the interlocking member 100 is shown having passed through the opening 12 and been inserted into the housing 10 and moved to the insertion position.
[0031] Figure 3(A) shows the overall configuration with the insertion part 101 inserted into the housing 10 through the opening 12 and moved to the insertion position. Figure 3(B) shows the "X section" enclosed by the dotted circle in the state shown in Figure 3(A), viewed from the right side.
[0032] As the interlocking member 100 moves to the insertion position, the sliding member 40 is pushed by the protruding portion 102, and as a result, the sliding member 40 slides in the depth direction. As the sliding member 40 slides, it pushes the hook member 21, and the hook member 21 is displaced from the disengaged position toward the engaged position against the hook retraction force.
[0033] In the state shown in Figure 1(B), where the hook member 21 is in the disengaged position, the displacement cam member 22 was held in the retracted position by the stopper 21a. In contrast, as shown in Figure 3(A), as the hook member 21 is displaced from the disengaged position toward the engaged position, the stopper 21a is also displaced, as shown in Figure 3(B), and the state in which the displacement cam member 22 was held in the retracted position by the stopper 21a is released.
[0034] As a result, the displacement cam member 22 can be displaced in a direction intersecting the direction in which the stopper 21a is displaced.
[0035] Next, using Figure 4, we will explain the state in which the displacement cam member 22 moves from the retracted position to the forward position relative to the housing 10 as the stopper 21a is displaced. Figure 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a third state of the configuration of the automatic closing device according to Embodiment 1 of this disclosure.
[0036] In the explanatory diagram of the second state shown in Figure 3, the displacement cam member 22 becomes able to move from the retracted position to the forward position as the stopper 21a is displaced. In the explanatory diagram of the third state shown in Figure 4, the displacement cam member 22 is shown in the state where it has moved from the retracted position to the forward position.
[0037] Figure 4(A) shows the overall configuration with the displacement cam member 22 moved to its forward position. Figure 4(B) shows the "X section" enclosed by the dotted circle in Figure 4(A), viewed from the right side.
[0038] The displacement cam member 22 can be displaced from its retracted position to its forward position while pushing aside the stopper 21a of the hook member 21. That is, as shown in Figure 4(B), when the displacement cam member 22 is displaced to the forward position, the stopper 21a is displaced further, and as a result, as shown in Figure 4(A), the insertion portion 101 of the interlocking member 100 is held in place by the hook member 21.
[0039] Furthermore, the hook member 21 holds the insertion portion 101 of the interlocking member 100 in place, creating a gap between the hook member 21 and the slide member 40, as shown in Figure 4(A), resulting in the hook member 21 not contacting the slide member 40. In other words, when the insertion portion 101 is moved to the insertion position, the load applied to the internal components of the housing 10 can be reduced.
[0040] Next, using Figure 5, we will explain the operation of closing a fire door in an emergency, such as during a fire, by changing the state of the fire door from the held state shown in Figure 4 to the unheld state. Figure 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a fourth state of the configuration of the automatic closing device according to Embodiment 1 of this disclosure.
[0041] Figure 5 shows that in an emergency such as a fire, the return mechanism 30 returns the displacement cam member 22 from the forward position to the retracted position, thereby displacing the hook member 21 from the engaged position to the disengaged position. As a result, the holding mechanism 20 changes from a holding state to a non-holding state, the interlocking member 100 moves outside the housing 10, and the fire door closes as it enters the non-holding state.
[0042] Figure 5(A) shows the overall configuration in the non-holding state due to the return mechanism 30. Figure 5(B) shows the "X section" enclosed by the dotted circle in Figure 5(A) as viewed from the right side.
[0043] As shown in Figure 5(B), the return mechanism 30 returns the displacement cam member 22 from the forward position to the retracted position, allowing the hook member 21 to be displaced from the engaged position to the disengaged position by the hook retraction force. As a result, the holding state of the hook member 21 by the hook member 21 is released, and the fire door closes.
[0044] If the return mechanism 30 is then disabled, the state shown in Figure 1 will be maintained, and the displacement cam member 22 will remain held in the retracted position by the stopper 21a.
[0045] The sequence of actions shown in Figures 1, 3, and 5 can be summarized as follows: The interlocking member 100 is configured to release the unheld state by operating the holding mechanism 20 via the sliding member 40 through the protruding portion 102 when the insertion portion 101 moves relative to the housing 10 to the insertion position in which it is inserted into the housing 10. The holding mechanism 20 enters the holding state when the non-holding state is released.
[0046] Furthermore, if the holding mechanism 20 is configured as a hook member 21, a displacement cam member 22, and an operating force generating body 23, the relationship between each configuration and the holding state and non-holding state can be summarized as follows. • In the held state, the hook member 21 is positioned in the hooking position, so that the insertion portion 101 hooks onto the hook member 21.
[0047] In the non-holding state, the hook member 21 is in the detached position, which prevents the insertion portion 101 from engaging with the hook member 21, and the displacement cam member 22 is held in the retracted position by the hook member 21.
[0048] - Although a hook retraction force is applied to the hook member 21 in the direction toward the release position, the holding mechanism 20 releases the unretained state by displacing the hook member 21 from the release position toward the engagement position in opposition to the hook retraction force.
[0049] The holding mechanism 20 enters a holding state when the non-holding state is released, causing the displacement cam member 22 to be displaced from the retracted position to the forward position while pushing the hook member away.
[0050] The return mechanism 30 returns the state of the holding mechanism (20) from the holding state to the non-holding state by displacing the displacement cam member 22 from the forward position to the retracted position. As a result, in emergencies such as a fire, the fire door can be closed by the action of the return mechanism 30.
[0051] In the explanation using Figures 1 and 3 to 5, the displacement cam member 22 was described as rotating around an axis, but other configurations are also possible. Figure 6 is an explanatory diagram of the configuration of the displacement cam member 22 according to Embodiment 1 of this disclosure.
[0052] Figures 6(A1) to 6(A4) show the displacement cam member 22, which, as explained using Figures 1 and 3 to 5, can be displaced relative to the housing 10 between a retracted position and an advanced position by rotating around an axis, and each shows the following states.
[0053] Figure 6(A1): An operating force is applied to the displacement cam member 22 from the operating force generator 23 in the direction toward the forward position, but the stopper 21a holds the displacement cam member 22 in the retracted position (or near the retracted position), which corresponds to the state in Figure 1(B).
[0054] Figure 6(A2): This represents a state where the stopper 21a can no longer hold the displacement cam member 22 due to the displacement of the hook member 21, corresponding to the state in Figure 3(B).
[0055] Figure 6(A3): This shows the state in which the hook member 21 has been further displaced as the displacement cam member 22 has been displaced to its forward position, which corresponds to the state in Figure 4(B).
[0056] Figure 6(A4): The return mechanism 30 forcibly moves the displacement cam member 22 to the retracted position, thereby closing the fire door, which corresponds to the state shown in Figure 5(B).
[0057] In contrast, Figures 6(B1) to 6(B4) show a displacement cam member 22 that can be displaced relative to the housing 10 between a retracted position and an advanced position by sliding in one axial direction, and each shows the following states.
[0058] Figure 6(B1): An operating force is applied to the displacement cam member 22 from the operating force generator 23 in the direction toward the forward position, but the stopper 21a holds the displacement cam member 22 in the retracted position (or near the retracted position), which corresponds to the state in Figure 6(A1).
[0059] Figure 6(B2): This represents a state where the stopper 21a can no longer hold the displacement cam member 22 due to the displacement of the hook member 21, corresponding to the state in Figure 6(A2).
[0060] Figure 6(B3): This shows the state in which the hook member 21 has been further displaced as the displacement cam member 22 has been displaced to its forward position, corresponding to the state in Figure 6(A3).
[0061] Figure 6(B4): The return mechanism 30 forcibly moves the displacement cam member 22 to the retracted position, thereby closing the fire door, which corresponds to the state shown in Figure 6(A4).
[0062] Thus, the displacement cam member 22 only needs to have a configuration that allows it to be displaced relative to the housing 10 between a retracted position and an advanced position.
[0063] As described above, according to Embodiment 1, the load applied when the interlocking member is moved from the non-holding state to the holding state is applied to the bottom plate of the housing and the sliding member that slides through the bottom plate, but not directly to the internal components of the device. As a result, an automatic closing device can be realized that reduces the load applied to the inside of the device by the pushing operation required to hold fire and smoke protection equipment such as fire doors in place.
[0064] Furthermore, if the interlocking member is held in place and the hook member is in a non-contact state with respect to the sliding member, a further reduction in load can be achieved.
[0065] Furthermore, by increasing the size of the opening and tapering the mutually engaging parts of the insertion section and hook member, positioning adjustments when installing the automatic closing device can be made easier.
[0066] Furthermore, since the hook member is displaced to the engagement position when the sliding member is pushed by the protruding part, it is possible to accommodate insertion of the interlocking member from an oblique direction without widening the opening for inserting the interlocking member. This eliminates the need to adjust the installation position, such as installing the automatic closing device at an oblique angle to the installation surface to match the angle of the fire door. [Explanation of Symbols]
[0067] 1 Wall, 10 Housing, 11 Bottom plate, 12 Opening, 13 Hook shaft, 20 Holding mechanism, 21 Hook member, 21a Stopper, 22 Displacement cam member, 23 Actuating force generating body, 30 Return mechanism, 40 Slide member, 100, 100a Interlocking member, 101, 101a Insertion part, 102 Protruding part.
Claims
1. A housing having a bottom plate, Interlocking members that are linked to fire and smoke control equipment for creating fire or smoke control compartments, A holding mechanism provided within the housing is capable of switching between a holding state in which the interlocking member is held and an unholding state in which the interlocking member is released from being held. A return mechanism for returning the state of the holding mechanism from the holding state to the non-holding state, A sliding member that penetrates the bottom plate and is slidable relative to the bottom plate in the direction of penetrating the bottom plate, Equipped with, The bottom plate portion is provided with an opening, The interlocking member has an insertion portion that can be inserted into the housing through the opening, and a protruding portion provided on the insertion portion outside the housing. The interlocking member is configured such that when the insertion portion moves relative to the housing to an insertion position in which it is inserted into the housing, the protruding portion operates the holding mechanism via the sliding member to release the unheld state. The holding mechanism enters the holding state when the non-holding state is released. Automatic closing device.
2. The aforementioned holding mechanism is A hook member that is displaceable relative to the housing between an engaged position and an unengaged position, A displacement cam member that is displaceable relative to the housing between a retracted position and an advanced position, An actuation force generator that applies an actuation force to the displacement cam member in the direction toward the forward position, It has, In the holding state, the hook member is positioned at the engagement position, so that the insertion portion engages with the hook member. In the non-holding state, the insertion portion is prevented from engaging with the hook member because the hook member is in the detached position, and the displacement cam member is held in the retracted position by the hook member. A hook-retracting force is applied to the hook member in the direction toward the detached position. The non-retaining state is released in the retaining mechanism by the hook member being displaced from the disengaged position toward the engaged position against the hook retraction force. The holding mechanism enters the holding state when the non-holding state is released, as the displacement cam member is displaced from the retracted position to the forward position while pushing the hook member away, and in the holding state, the slide member becomes non-contact with the holding mechanism. The return mechanism returns the state of the holding mechanism from the holding state to the non-holding state by displacing the displacement cam member from the forward position to the retracted position. The automatic closing device according to claim 1.
3. The hook member rotates about the hook shaft provided in the housing, thereby displacing between the engaged position and the disengaged position. The automatic closing device according to claim 2.
4. The aforementioned hook member has a stopper, When the hook member is in the disengaged position, the displacement cam member is held in the retracted position by the stopper. The direction in which the displacement cam member is displaced is a direction that intersects with the direction in which the stopper is displaced. The automatic closing device according to claim 2 or 3.
5. The return mechanism has an electromagnet, The electromagnet generates an electromagnetic attractive force that attracts the displacement cam member in opposition to the operating force when current is supplied to the electromagnet. The automatic closing device according to claim 2 or 3.