Shoe midsole with shear structure, and method for manufacturing the same

Abstract

To provide a sole for a shoe, the sole reducing impacts to the foot of the wearer.SOLUTION: The present disclosure relates to a sole (101) for a shoe, in particular for a sports shoe, such as a running shoe, the sole (101) comprising: a midsole (110) comprising an upper midsole layer (120) and a lower midsole layer (125), the upper midsole layer (120) and the lower midsole layer (125) being distinct from one another; and a shearing structure (130) arranged in the midsole (110). The shearing structure (130) is configured to allow a relative movement between the upper midsole layer (120) and the lower midsole layer (125).SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to soles for shoes, particularly for sports shoes such as running shoes. In particular, the present disclosure relates to a sole comprising a midsole and a shear structure, the shear structure enabling relative movement between an upper midsole layer and a lower midsole layer of the sole. The present disclosure also relates to each shoe comprising such a sole. Further, the present disclosure relates to each method for manufacturing a shoe sole.

Background Art

[0002] Soles for shoes, particularly for sports shoes such as running shoes, are generally known, have various purposes and use cases, and are becoming increasingly popular among individuals. Shoe soles generally perform several different functions so as to be more attractive to an individual.

[0003] For example, shoe soles typically serve a protective purpose, such as protecting the wearer's feet from interference or obstruction by foreign objects, including sharp or pointed objects that the wearer might step on. Furthermore, shoe soles usually facilitate the cushioning of impact forces generated when the foot makes contact with the ground. Shoe soles also provide traction to prevent the wearer's feet from slipping. In addition, shoe soles generally provide some stability to the wearer's feet, which can reduce the risk of ankle sprains or other types of injuries, such as plantar fasciitis injuries or muscle overloads. Moreover, a further function of shoe soles, especially for performance footwear such as running shoes, is to improve the athlete's performance by facilitating good force transfer from the athlete's legs through the feet to the ground, and facilitating efficient running. Furthermore, especially in the case of sports shoes, the athlete's feet should be adequately cushioned to reduce the impact and load on the athlete's joints. In addition, shoe soles should be as lightweight as possible to further contribute to reducing the athlete's energy expenditure, particularly in the case of long-distance running.

[0004] In this context, several particularly relevant needs are, on the one hand, that cushioning and stability should be increased to reduce the risk of injury and make athletic activity more comfortable, and on the other hand, that high energy return should be guaranteed to simultaneously reduce the amount of energy required by the athlete.

[0005] In this context, the following exemplary prior art documents can be referenced.

[0006] Prior art document U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2004 / 0154188 relates to a midsole for athletic shoes, which includes a rigid elastic stabilizing member extending generally around a central opening, through which a relatively soft elastic cushioning layer extends downward from the heel center beneath the wearer's calcaneus to form a heel cushioning support. The stabilizing member extends along the lateral and medial sides of the support to prevent pronation and supination, and preferably includes projections extending into the recess of the heel cushioning support, coinciding with the flexion line of the heel region, thereby influencing the flexion characteristics of the heel region of the shoe. The midsole may also include flex grooves, channels, and / or notches coinciding with the flexion line to promote desired flexion characteristics of the heel region of the sole and to help decelerate the wearer's heel-toe gait during the stance phase of the wearer's walking cycle.

[0007] Prior Art Publication International No. 2023 / 005966 brochure relates to sports shoes and midsole systems, the midsole system comprising: a first midsole formed of a cushioning material; an outsole having a cushioning space formed between the first midsole and the outsole; and an elastic piece positioned in the cushioning space, the elastic piece being elastically deformable along the direction of arrangement of the first midsole and outsole, and having a heel portion positioned in the heel region of the midsole system and a forefoot portion positioned in the forefoot region of the midsole system. The cushioning mode of the first midsole is material cushioning, and the cushioning mode of the elastic piece is structural cushioning, and during use of the midsole system, both the first midsole and the elastic piece can absorb impact forces from the ground (impact forces along the direction of arrangement of the outsole and the first midsole), thereby effectively improving the cushioning and rebound performance of the midsole structure.

[0008] Prior art document U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2022 / 0312891 relates to a sole structure comprising a first midsole portion, a second midsole portion positioned below the first midsole portion, and a support plate stacked between the first and second midsole portions, positioned at least to correspond to the rearfoot portion, and having greater rigidity than the first and second midsole portions. The support plate includes a base portion having a corrugated shape including at least one peak and at least one valley, and a first support portion and a second support portion having a corrugated shape and branching away from each other from a peripheral edge located inside the base portion toward the first and second midsole portions, respectively. The valley of the second support portion is positioned to correspond to a tectonic projection. Further prior art is disclosed in German Patent No. 10244435, U.S. Patent No. 8387279, U.S. Patent No. 8453344, Chinese Utility Model No. 218898566, Chinese Patent Application Publication No. 112716098, U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2021 / 0227927, U.S. Patent No. 11000094, U.S. Patent No. 8863407, U.S. Patent No. 11470912, U.S. Patent No. 11510457, and U.S. Patent No. 4614046.

[0009] The proposed solutions still have several drawbacks in meeting the needs identified above. For example, many known solutions focus on heel strike and require bulky additional components for cushioning. Furthermore, these solutions do not yield optimal results in terms of energy return. Additionally, while high-performance lightweight foams may provide greater deformation and therefore cushioning, the higher energy return associated with these foams places adverse stresses on the athlete's knees and other joints. [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0010] [Patent Document 1] U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2004 / 0154188 [Patent Document 2] International Publication No. 2023 / 005966 Brochure [Patent Document 3] U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2022 / 0312891 [Patent Document 4] German Patent No. 10244435 [Patent Document 5] U.S. Patent No. 8387279 [Patent Document 6] U.S. Patent No. 8453344 [Patent Document 7] China Utility Model No. 218898566 Specification [Patent Document 8] Chinese Patent Application Publication No. 112716098 Specification [Patent Document 9] U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2021 / 0227927 [Patent Document 10] U.S. Patent No. 11000094 [Patent Document 11] U.S. Patent No. 8863407 [Patent Document 12] U.S. Patent No. 11470912 [Patent Document 13] U.S. Patent No. 11510457 [Patent Document 14] U.S. Patent No. 4614046 [Overview of the project]

[0011] Against this backdrop, the object of the present invention is to provide an improved shoe sole that overcomes at least partially the shortcomings of the prior art. In particular, the object of the present invention is to provide a shoe sole that enables improved cushioning and reduces impact on the wearer's foot. The general object is to reduce the risk of injury. A further object is to provide a method for manufacturing such a shoe sole. The general object is to reduce the cost of providing such a shoe sole.

[0012] The above objectives are achieved at least in part by the subject matter of the independent claims. Preferred embodiments are the subject matter of the dependent claims, and other suitable aspects of the invention are described throughout the disclosure of this application.

[0013] Shoe soles In one embodiment, the object is solved by a sole for shoes, particularly for sports shoes such as running shoes, wherein the sole is a midsole including an upper midsole layer and a lower midsole layer, the upper midsole layer and the lower midsole layer being at least partially separate from each other, and a shear structure disposed in the midsole, the shear structure being configured to allow relative movement between the upper midsole layer and the lower midsole layer.

[0014] Thus, soles for shoes, especially sports shoes, facilitate improved cushioning for the wearer, useful for any type of exercise activity. At the same time, sufficient energy return can be achieved, but not to the extent that it can negatively affect the running experience. Improved cushioning reduces the load and impact on the wearer's joints, thereby significantly reducing the risk of injury. For example, it can reduce the impact on the knee and ankle joints, which is important, for example, during downhill running. In addition, the overall impact can be dampened, thus reducing muscle damage or fatigue. Therefore, the wearer can perform any exercise activity for a longer period and / or with better results. This benefit has been found to be particularly noticeable at the time of the sole's initial ground contact and / or after the initial ground contact. This reduces forces, especially horizontal forces. Overall, this reduces kinetic energy, as described elsewhere in this specification. While we do not wish to be bound by theory, the advances in shoe soles proposed herein are considered to be based, in particular, on the following principle: Relative movement between the upper and lower midsole layers allows the upper and lower midsole layers to slide. Such sliding can generate a frictional force that acts in the opposite direction to the sliding motion. For example, the force due to sliding friction can act in the opposite direction to the sliding motion. Sliding friction can generally be called solid friction.

[0015] Sliding friction can include static friction, rolling friction, and / or kinetic friction. This allows some relative movement to occur through the shear structure, while simultaneously allowing control over the degree of relative movement. The relative movement itself can introduce some delay in the forces acting on the wearer's feet, and consequently, on the wearer's joints and / or muscles. Such delay can reduce the peak force acting on the wearer's feet, and consequently on the peak force acting on the wearer's joints and / or muscles. This reduces the overall impact on the wearer. Simultaneously, the frictional forces also contribute to a "softer" feel when the wearer's feet contact the ground. This inevitably leads to improved cushioning and reduced load on the wearer. Shear structures may also be able to reduce horizontal forces resulting from relative movement. This can mean that the shear structure is configured to dampen horizontal forces. In such cases, the shear structure can be called a horizontal force damping structure. However, shear structures are not limited to reducing horizontal forces. For example, forces acting in any direction, such as forces acting approximately parallel to the vertical axis, such as upward and / or downward, can also be attenuated. As those skilled in the art will understand, combinations of force vectors can also be attenuated. Overall, relative movement can contribute to a reduction in kinetic energy. This improves the cushioning effect. This reduces the load on the wearer's joints, making shoes more comfortable to wear, for example, while running.

[0016] Following the above-mentioned sliding friction due to relative movement, the relative movement can also provide internal friction. The internal friction can be understood as the friction within the material of the midsole including the upper midsole layer and the lower midsole layer. Without wishing to be bound by theory, it is considered that the internal friction may be caused by, for example, the toughness of the material of the midsole including the upper midsole layer and the lower midsole layer. For example, relative movement may enable deformation of the upper midsole layer and / or the lower midsole layer. Such deformation can cause internal friction. This can also contribute to the reduction of kinetic energy and improve the cushioning effect as described elsewhere in this specification.

[0017] Frictional forces, particularly those due to relative movement between the upper midsole layer and the lower midsole layer, can generate heat. This friction helps reduce kinetic energy, along with the advantages associated with kinetic energy described above elsewhere. This can be important, for example, during downhill running. Nevertheless, this is also important for any other type of movement activity.

[0018] In many prior art solutions, high-performance foams are commonly used, which have vulnerable parts so that deformation can occur. However, such foams still provide a fairly high energy return and may have an adverse effect on the forces exerted on the joints of the wearer. The inventors have found a way to overcome these problems with shoe soles, particularly those arising from the shear structure described herein.

[0019] The term "midsole" as used in this disclosure may refer to a layer of material that can be located between the outsole of a shoe, e.g., the bottom of the sole that contacts the ground, and the upper of the shoe, e.g., the part of the shoe that covers the upper part of the wearer's foot.

[0020] As used herein, the phrase "at least partially distinct from each other" for the upper and lower midsole layers can be understood as representing at least partially two distinct entities that are separate, different, and / or distinguishable from each other. This can imply that there are at least partially differences in properties, qualities, and / or functions that distinguish the upper and lower midsole layers from each other. These differences may be readily apparent to a person skilled in the art. In one example, the upper and lower midsole layers may be unique to some extent. However, it is still possible that the upper and lower midsole layers do not always have to be distinguishable from each other by mere visual inspection to the extent that they may be distinguishable in terms of function. Furthermore, the phrase "at least partially distinct from each other" for the upper and lower midsole layers does not necessarily exclude the fact that they are composed of the same material and / or are at least partially attached to each other. Furthermore, the upper and lower midsole layers may be formed integrally, insofar as they can be distinguished from each other. Moreover, since the upper and lower midsole layers are "at least partially" distinct from each other, this may include being partially attached to each other and / or formed integrally, at least partially.

[0021] As used herein, the term “shear structure” can be understood as a structure that facilitates shearing. It should be noted that the shear structure is not limited to its size in order to bring about the advances described herein. Nevertheless, those skilled in the art can recognize a shear structure as such without expending the necessary investigation effort. This is implied by the term “structure.” For example, a shear structure can be understood to be of macroscopic size. A shear structure is not merely an impurity and / or a mere fine gas inclusion in a material such as the foam of the midsole. The latter example may occur unintentionally and may not constitute a shear structure. Specifically, a shear structure is understood to be provided in order to substantially allow relative movement between the upper and lower midsole layers. Furthermore, a shear structure may be recognizable as enabling such a function. Such recognition can be made from a visual and / or functional perspective. For example, a shear structure may be visible, and / or can be distinguished from other parts by the function described herein.

[0022] As used herein, the term “shear” can be understood as two or more elements, parts, components, layers, etc. of a body, such as two contacting parts of the body, sliding against each other. As understood in the context of this disclosure, the two elements, parts, components, layers, etc. may be an upper midsole layer and a lower midsole layer. The term shear can mean that the upper midsole layer and the lower midsole layer slide in opposite directions. Furthermore, the upper midsole layer and the lower midsole layer can slide against each other in a direction parallel to the plane of contact or intended contact or the plane between the two layers when the two layers are separated from each other. The upper midsole layer and the lower midsole layer can slide in the same direction, but to different degrees. It is possible for the two layers to be in contact with each other, but it is fully encompassed that there may be a space between the two layers while the two layers are sliding against each other. The space may be filled with a shear structure, at least partially. Shear can be caused by an action or stress resulting from an applied force, such as a force from the wearer's load. Relative movement can occur under pressure loads on the sole. It should be noted that shearing may be performed in any direction, but is preferably performed approximately parallel to the heel-toe axis of the sole.

[0023] As used herein, the term “structure” can be understood as having a physical extension. For example, this may be recognizable as a structure by those skilled in the art, and / or tangible by those skilled in the art. A structure may be provided by any kind of means, such as mechanical elements, spaces, parts or materials of the upper midsole layer and / or lower midsole layer.

[0024] As used herein, the term “relative movement” can be understood as such movement may be recognizable to a person skilled in the art during normal use of a shoe sole without requiring any investigation. Relative movement should be understood as a deliberate movement. Thus, relative movement at the microscopic level may not be sufficient to be called relative movement within the scope of this disclosure. Furthermore, since the upper and lower midsole layers are at least partially distinct from each other, relative movement is recognizable in that these layers may slide against each other. Distances such as inward and / or outward distances can be recognized, for example. The direction of this slide is not limited to any particular direction, and all directions in space are encompassed in this disclosure.

[0025] It should be noted that the term "upper" in the expression "upper midsole layer" does not limit the term "midsole layer" itself. In particular, this does not mean that the "upper midsole layer" is necessarily located on top of something. The same applies to the term "lower" in the expression "lower midsole layer." However, as will be detailed elsewhere in this specification, the understanding that the upper midsole layer is located on top of the lower midsole layer may help to describe in more detail preferred embodiments of the first aspect of this disclosure.

[0026] The shoe soles described herein may be particularly useful when used in conjunction with and / or applied to sports shoes, especially running shoes, particularly long-distance running shoes. However, it should be noted that the soles may also be used with any type of footwear, including but not limited to football shoes, hiking boots, sneakers, basketball shoes, rugby shoes, baseball shoes, golf shoes, tennis shoes, and cross-training shoes. Furthermore, the soles may also be used with shoes for any type of athletic activity.

[0027] The term “exercise activity” should be understood to include at least one or more and / or any combination of the following non-exclusive list: aerobics, exercise practice, running, hiking, mountaineering, group fitness classes, walking, cycling, yoga, soccer, tennis, football, basketball, exercise, volleyball, gymnastics, weightlifting, cross-training, baseball, softball, rugby, field hockey, wrestling, squash, athletics (sprints, long jump, high jump, etc.), cross-country skiing, golf, lacrosse, and triathlon.

[0028] Furthermore, the shear structures that provide the advantages described herein may be used in addition to, or instead of, any type of device used in athletic activities. That is, shear structures are not necessarily limited to the example of shoe soles. It may be feasible to extend the concept of shear structures to any type of activity or athletic activity where improvement in stability, comfort, force damping, or any kind of support and / or feel to the wearer is required.

[0029] Nevertheless, the advantages of the shear structures described herein have been found to be particularly evident when applied to the soles of shoes, such as shoes used during athletic activities.

[0030] As used herein, the term “wearer” may refer to any type of person capable of wearing footwear. The term “wearer” may be used synonymously with terms such as “user,” “athlete,” “human,” “individual,” and “person.”

[0031] Direction of movement and structural position In preferred embodiments of the shoe soles described herein, the relative movement between the upper midsole layer and the lower midsole layer occurs within a plane defined by the medial-lateral axis and the heel-toe axis of the sole, and the relative movement between the upper midsole layer and the lower midsole layer is preferably substantially parallel to the heel-toe axis of the sole.

[0032] This has the advantage of being able to dampen horizontal forces through a shear structure. This may be advantageous because the force generated by the shear structure is not then directed directly to the central part of the wearer's body. Therefore, this has the advantage of being able to reduce the impact on joints and / or muscles.

[0033] It should be noted that horizontal forces can arise during the initial contact between the sole and the ground due to the relative movement between the upper and lower midsole layers.

[0034] When the relative movement between the upper and lower midsole layers is approximately parallel to the heel-toe axis of the sole, this can have the additional advantage that the movement parallel to the medial-lateral axis of the sole is reduced and / or nearly zero. This helps to provide stability to the wearer's foot. It is particularly advantageous that shear movement can provide frictional force that leads to heat generation, thus helping to reduce kinetic energy. This can be especially important, for example, during downhill running. Nevertheless, this is also important in any other type of exercise activity.

[0035] In a preferred embodiment of the shoe sole described herein, the shear structure is configured to allow relative movement between the upper midsole layer and the lower midsole layer in at least one of the forefoot, midfoot, rearfoot, lateral and medial portions of the midsole, preferably in at least one of the forefoot and midfoot portions of the midsole, for example, the lateral forefoot, medial forefoot, lateral midfoot, and medial midfoot portions of the midsole, and most preferably in at least one of the lateral forefoot and lateral midfoot portions of the midsole.

[0036] This can have the advantage that force damping may be particularly pronounced in the portion defined in this embodiment. While the prior art sometimes focuses on the rearfoot portion of the midsole to claim improved cushioning, the rest of the midsole has often been neglected or given little attention. This drawback can be effectively resolved according to this disclosure. The advantages of the sole of this disclosure may be particularly pronounced in downhill running. This is because the walking cycle during such downhill running may differ from that of flat running and / or uphill running. For example, during downhill running, the forefoot may be the first to make contact with the ground. Therefore, providing a shear structure in the forefoot and / or midfoot may be particularly advantageous.

[0037] It has been found that arranging a shear structure configured such that relative movement between the upper and lower midsole layers occurs in the lateral forefoot generally contributes to the increased flexibility of the shoe sole. For example, some of the remaining parts of the midsole can generally be equipped with additional functional elements and / or properties. Other functional elements may be, for example, the sole plates described elsewhere in this specification. Thus, all these functions can work together to provide a combined advantageous effect. In addition, the fabrication of the shear structure in the lateral forefoot can be carried out in a simple manner.

[0038] However, as described in this embodiment, the shear structure is not limited to the lateral forefoot. Rather, the shear structure can be placed in any other part of the midsole. In one example, multiple shear structures can be placed in the midsole to provide a combined advantageous effect that contributes to further damping the forces acting on the wearer's body.

[0039] In one example, when the shear structure is configured to allow relative movement between the upper midsole layer and the lower midsole layer in any one of the parts defined herein, the shear structure itself may also be positioned in each of those parts.

[0040] In a preferred example, relative movement means that the upper midsole layer moves further from the heel of the midsole towards the toes of the midsole, approximately parallel to the heel-toe axis, compared to the lower midsole layer. In another example, relative movement means that the lower midsole layer moves further from the heel of the midsole towards the toes of the midsole, approximately parallel to the heel-toe axis, compared to the upper midsole layer.

[0041] Forming and engagement of structures In a preferred embodiment of the shoe sole described herein, the shear structure includes an upper shear structure for an upper midsole layer and a lower shear structure for a lower midsole layer, wherein the upper shear structure and the lower shear structure face each other, and the upper shear structure and the lower shear structure are preferably located in the forefoot and / or midfoot of the midsole, and most preferably in the lateral forefoot and / or lateral midfoot of the midsole.

[0042] This has the advantage that the function of the shear structure can be divided at least partially into at least two structures, namely an upper shear structure and a lower shear structure. Nevertheless, as described elsewhere in this specification, the upper midsole layer and the lower midsole layer may simply be partially separate from each other. Thus, the upper midsole layer and the lower midsole layer can be attached to each other and / or formed at least partially as a single unit. Thus, the two shear structures can increase flexibility. For example, the upper midsole layer and the lower midsole layer may each have a structure specially designed during manufacturing, such that when assembled, the upper midsole layer and the lower midsole layer can exhibit the advantages described herein.

[0043] As those skilled in the art will understand, the same applies to the terms “upper shear structure” and “lower shear structure” as to the term “structure” as described elsewhere in this specification. That is, these terms may mean that each structure may have physical extensions. Furthermore, these terms may be recognizable as structures and / or accessible to those skilled in the art.

[0044] While possible, the opposing upper and lower shear structures do not mean that they are in contact with each other. Rather, it simply means that the upper and lower shear structures are oriented toward each other. This can further contribute to the advantages with respect to damping effects, as described elsewhere in this specification.

[0045] The term "upper shear structure" does not limit the term itself. In particular, it does not mean that the "upper shear structure" is located on the upper or lower surface of the upper midsole, etc. Rather, the term "upper" in this context is simply used to indicate that the "upper shear structure" is composed of the upper midsole layer.

[0046] In a preferred embodiment of the shoe sole described herein, the upper shear structure and the lower shear structure are at least partially engaged with each other.

[0047] "To engage" can be understood as being accommodated and / or accepted.

[0048] This has the advantage that the upper and lower shear structures can be easily assembled and provide a robust structure. While possible, this robust structure does not necessarily require any other means of attachment, such as fasteners or adhesives. Therefore, this arrangement can be considered at least partially self-supporting.

[0049] Through such engagement, the upper and lower shear structures can interact with each other and / or may at least partially contact each other. This allows movement such as shearing to increase the frictional force between the upper and lower shear structures, generating heat and subsequently reducing kinetic energy. It should be noted that many conventional cushioning elements are limited to the principle of deformation of a portion of the sole alone. This limitation is overcome by the shear structure, particularly by the upper and lower shear structures proposed herein. The reduction in kinetic energy can then be damped, reducing the load on the wearer's joints and thereby reducing muscle injury and fatigue.

[0050] In a preferred embodiment of the shoe sole described herein, the upper shear structure and the lower shear structure are molded to be substantially corresponding to each other.

[0051] This contributes to shear movement between the upper and lower shear structures. Furthermore, it facilitates the engagement of the upper and lower shear structures with each other, at least partially.

[0052] "Formed to correspond substantially to each other" may mean that the upper shear structure may have projections, etc., that can engage with recesses in the lower shear structure, and / or vice versa. However, instead or in addition, "formed to correspond substantially to each other" may mean that the upper shear structure and the lower shear structure may have substantially the same surface area, the same shape that fits each other, or similar surface structures that can engage with each other.

[0053] In a preferred embodiment of the shoe sole described herein, the upper shear structure and the lower shear structure engage with each other via a shape-fitting connection.

[0054] A “geometric interlocking connection” can be understood as a connection that allows the upper shear structure and the lower shear structure to be molded or designed to interlock with each other. This can result in improved engagement without the need for additional fasteners or adhesives. The engagement may depend on the geometry of the upper and lower shear structures. Nevertheless, it should be noted that a geometric interlocking connection simply refers to the shapes of the upper and lower shear structures. In particular, a geometric interlocking connection should not be confused with a rigid connection. Rather, as will be described in more detail elsewhere in this specification, the shear movement of the upper and lower midsole layers is fully encompassed by the geometric interlocking connection.

[0055] This type of interlocking connection allows for easy assembly of the upper and lower shear structures, significantly reducing labor and manufacturing costs.

[0056] A shape-interlocking connection can, in one example, be understood as a one-to-one correspondence. It should be noted that a shape-interlocking connection does not necessarily exclude any deformation of the upper and / or lower midsole layers. Such deformations may be particularly highly valued, as described elsewhere in this specification. Furthermore, a shape-interlocking connection does not necessarily exclude any shear movement of the upper and / or lower midsole layers. Such shear movement is particularly highly valued, as described elsewhere in this specification.

[0057] It should be noted that the use of additional means such as fasteners and adhesives for attaching the upper and lower shear structures is not necessarily excluded by mere engagement or shape-fit arrangement. In one example, additional means such as fasteners and adhesives are provided for attaching the upper and lower shear structures.

[0058] In a preferred embodiment of the shoe sole described herein, the upper shear structure is formed integrally with the upper midsole layer, and the lower shear structure is formed integrally with the lower midsole layer.

[0059] This can be understood as the upper shear structure and upper midsole layer being formed as a single component, and the lower shear structure and lower midsole layer being formed as a single component. As a result, the upper shear structure and upper midsole layer can form a single upper midsole layer rather than being separate components, and the lower shear structure and lower midsole layer can form a single lower midsole layer rather than being separate components.

[0060] This reduces manufacturing effort and lowers costs, which is highly valued when mass-producing shoe soles.

[0061] Structural details / protrusions In a preferred embodiment of the shoe sole described herein, the upper shear structure includes one or more upper protrusions, the lower shear structure includes one or more lower recesses, and / or the lower shear structure includes one or more lower protrusions, and the upper shear structure includes one or more upper recesses.

[0062] This has the advantage that the upper shear structure and the lower shear structure can interact with each other. For example, one or more upper protrusions of the upper shear structure can interact with one or more lower recesses of the lower shear structure. Similarly, one or more lower protrusions of the lower shear structure can interact with one or more upper recesses of the upper shear structure. This can help enable this relative movement while controlling, to some extent, the relative movement between the upper and lower midsole layers.

[0063] One or more projections referred to herein (in this specification, for the sake of brevity, projections may be described without the prefixes “upper” and / or “lower,” and those skilled in the art will understand that such description may refer to both projections) can be understood as extending from a surface or object. The term projection can be used to describe any part of an object or structure that protrudes, projects, or extends beyond a surrounding surface or boundary. In one example, a projection may be a three-dimensional extension or projection extending outward from a surface or object. Projections can be of various sizes. The size, shape, etc., of a projection may vary depending on the intended purpose and / or desired result. Almost all technically meaningful sizes and shapes may be included in this disclosure.

[0064] The protrusions described herein can provide structural advantages and / or, particularly in the context of cushioning, can provide more specific functions. In addition, the protrusions can contribute to the visual appearance and indicate to the wearer the location where a particular function is provided on the sole.

[0065] One or more recesses referred to herein (in this specification, for the sake of brevity, recesses may be described without the prefixes "upper" or "lower," and those skilled in the art will understand that such description may refer to both recesses) may be hollow or recessed areas or spaces recessed or engraved into a surface, structure, object, etc. A recess may be essentially the opposite of a projection. Recesses may provide a variety of functions, as will be described in more detail elsewhere in this specification.

[0066] The term "upper projection" does not limit the term "projection" itself. In particular, it does not mean that the "upper projection" is located on the top or bottom surface, etc. Rather, in this context, the term "upper" is simply used to indicate that the "upper projection" is composed of an upper shear structure.

[0067] Similarly, the term "lower" in the expression "lower recess" does not limit the term "recess" itself. In particular, this does not mean that the "lower recess" is located on the bottom or top surface, etc. Rather, the term "lower" in this context is simply used to indicate that the "lower recess" is composed of a lower shear structure.

[0068] The term "lower" in the expression "lower projection" does not limit the term "projection" itself. Rather, in this context, the term "lower" is simply used to indicate that the "lower projection" is composed of a lower shear structure.

[0069] Similarly, the term "upper" in the expression "upper recess" does not limit the term "recess" itself. In particular, this does not mean that the "upper recess" is located on the top or bottom surface, etc. Rather, the term "upper" in this context is simply used to indicate that the "upper recess" is composed of an upper shear structure.

[0070] In a preferred embodiment of the shoe sole described herein, one or more upper protrusions are at least partially housed in one or more lower recesses, and / or one or more lower protrusions are at least partially housed in one or more upper recesses.

[0071] This can have the advantage that the protrusions and recesses facilitate control of movement. This can help reduce the load generated while the sole is in contact with the ground. This may be true to some extent. As described elsewhere in this specification, the protrusions and recesses can provide a clear stop along the heel-toe axis of the sole. In such a clear stop state, shear movement can be prevented. This can reduce the overall impact on the wearer's joints and / or muscles, and at the same time, safety is improved because of the clear stop. This makes wearing shoes with such soles more comfortable and safer, which is particularly noticeable during exercise activities such as running.

[0072] The term "to accommodate" can mean that each projection and recess is designed to fit or match the shape and / or space of the other projection and recess.

[0073] In a preferred embodiment of the shoe sole described herein, one or more upper projections and / or one or more lower projections are spaced apart from each other when viewed in a horizontal plane of the sole, preferably along the heel-toe axis of the sole.

[0074] This has the advantage of being able to enhance the relative movement between the upper and lower midsole layers. For example, the space thus provided between the protrusions may be empty or filled, allowing for greater flexibility in controlling relative movement. As a result, according to this embodiment, the reduction of kinetic energy can be controlled more significantly. This can lead to a reduction in the load on the wearer's joints and an improvement in cushioning.

[0075] When referring to "one or more upper projections and / or one or more lower projections are spaced apart from one another," it should be understood that this means one or more upper projections are spaced apart from one another, and / or, one or more lower projections are spaced apart from one another. This does not necessarily mean that one or more upper projections are spaced apart from one or more lower projections. However, it should be noted that in some cases the latter may still be included by this disclosure.

[0076] To be separated means that the distances between each of the two elements can be related. In one example, the distance may be recognizable to a person skilled in the art without the need for any particular device.

[0077] The horizontal planes referred to herein may be substantially perpendicular to the vertical axis. The horizontal planes may be defined by the heel-toe axis and medial-lateral axis of the sole.

[0078] In a preferred embodiment of the shoe sole described herein, one or more upper projections and / or one or more lower projections are spaced apart from each other by at least 1 cm, preferably at least 1.5 cm, more preferably at least 2 cm, even more preferably at least 2.5 cm, most preferably at least 3 cm, and / or up to 8 cm, preferably up to 6 cm, more preferably up to 5 cm, even more preferably up to 4 cm, even more preferably up to 3.5 cm, most preferably up to 3 cm, when viewed in the horizontal plane of the sole, preferably along the heel-toe axis of the sole.

[0079] The spacing of one or more upper protrusions and / or one or more lower protrusions as defined in this embodiment allows for an optimal balance between two different and / or conflicting requirements.

[0080] On the one hand, sufficient relative movement between the upper and lower midsole layers should be provided, thereby reducing kinetic energy and consequently reducing joint stress on the wearer and improving cushioning. For this purpose, a larger gap may be advantageous. On the other hand, the sole should still provide sufficient stability to ensure that the wearer can perform their activities in a relatively safe manner. For this purpose, a smaller gap is advantageous.

[0081] Therefore, although we do not wish to be bound by theory, we believe that the values ​​specified herein allow for an optimal balance between these conflicting requirements.

[0082] In a preferred embodiment of the shoe sole described herein, one or more upper projections and one or more upper recesses are preferably arranged alternately when viewed along the heel-toe axis of the sole.

[0083] This has the advantage of allowing for the establishment of a simple pattern. In addition, it can improve the assembly of the upper and lower midsole layers. Alternating the placement of protrusions and recesses along the heel-toe axis may be particularly advantageous in damping forces along the medial-lateral axis of the sole.

[0084] Alternating can be understood as a pattern where an upper projection is followed by an upper recess, and then another upper projection, and so on.

[0085] In a preferred embodiment of the shoe sole described herein, one or more upper projections and / or one or more lower projections preferably have an elongated shape with a longitudinal axis substantially parallel to the inward-outward axis of the sole.

[0086] The elongated shape has the advantage of being able to influence and / or adjust the rigidity and / or stability of the shear structure as needed. In addition, it allows for flexibility to impart further functionality to the shear structure.

[0087] The term "elongated" means that the dimension along one axis of the projection may be greater than, preferably both dimensions along the other axis, and the other axis is approximately perpendicular to the aforementioned axis. It should be understood that when dimensions are given herein, manufacturing tolerances must usually be taken into account. Therefore, the dimensions given herein may vary slightly.

[0088] In a preferred embodiment of the shoe sole described herein, one or more upper projections and / or one or more lower projections have a shape, as viewed in the horizontal plane of the sole, that includes one or more line segments, zigzag line segments, or sawtooth line segments defined by a mathematical function, particularly a periodic mathematical function such as a sine wave.

[0089] This has the advantage of enhancing the relative movement between the upper and lower midsole layers, allowing for greater control. Furthermore, the inclined shape of the protrusions allows for some engagement between one or more upper protrusions and one or more lower recesses, and / or between one or more lower protrusions and one or more upper recesses. This engagement can improve the fact that the upper and lower midsole layers do not move substantially relative to each other along the medial-outer axis of the sole. This can enhance the provision of sufficient stability to the wearer during running. At the same time, it allows for sufficient shear movement along the heel-toe axis, reducing the mechanical load on the wearer. The inclined shape of the protrusions can also allow for softer stops, for example, softer, more distinct stops. This may be better compared to very sharp stops and / or instantaneous stops.

[0090] As those skilled in the art will understand, the shape of the sole as viewed in a horizontal plane can mean, in this context, that it is represented by a projection onto a two-dimensional horizontal plane, even if the protrusion is not located on the horizontal plane.

[0091] It should be understood that the shear force generated can affect the overall performance of the shoe sole. Excessive shear can lead to instability and reduced control during running, affecting the walking cycle and potentially leading to discomfort or injury. Therefore, this embodiment has the advantage of controlling the degree of relative movement to some extent. For example, relative movement can be limited at least partially.

[0092] It should be noted that the shape may include one or more of the defined line segments in this specification. This means that any combination of the defined line segments can be arranged in sequence, for example, in any way, to provide a shape. It is particularly preferable that the shape be composed of zigzag or sawtooth lines. In this way, improved movement control along the heel-toe axis can be provided for the upper and lower midsole layers. This can improve the guidance of the upper and lower midsole layers. This can result in a softer stop, e.g., a softer, more distinct stop, compared to a very abrupt and / or immediate stop. Such a softer stop has been found to be advantageous in reducing the impact on the wearer's body.

[0093] In a preferred embodiment of the shoe sole described herein, one or more upper projections and / or one or more lower projections include one or more sides, the normal of which side is substantially parallel to the horizontal plane of the sole, and the side is inclined with respect to the inward-outward axis of the sole, preferably at least 2°, preferably at least 5°, more preferably at least 10°, even more preferably at least 15°, even more preferably at least 20°, even more preferably at least 25°, even more preferably at least 30°, and / or up to 85°, preferably up to 80°, more preferably up to 60°, even more preferably up to 55°, even more preferably up to 50°, even more preferably up to 45°, and even more preferably up to 40°.

[0094] On the other hand, increasing the angle can result in greater resistance between the respective protrusions that interlock approximately with each other. For example, an angle of 90° means that the side is approximately perpendicular to the medial-outer axis of the sole, i.e., approximately parallel to the heel-toe axis of the sole. Therefore, if the angle is too large, the desired relative movement may be too restricted. Thus, smaller angle values ​​are advantageous.

[0095] On the other hand, the angle should not be too small, as the resistance between the interlocking protrusions may otherwise be too low. This can lead to an unsafe feeling while running, as it may not be possible to limit the relative movement to a sufficient amount. Therefore, a larger angle is advantageous.

[0096] Given this background, while we do not wish to be constrained by theory, we believe that the values ​​specified herein can provide an optimal balance between these conflicting requirements.

[0097] In a preferred embodiment of the shoe sole described herein, one or more upper projections and / or one or more lower projections have a maximum height perpendicular to the horizontal plane of the sole of at least 2 mm, preferably at least 3 mm, more preferably at least 5 mm, even more preferably at least 8 mm, most preferably at least 10 mm, and / or up to 20 mm, preferably up to 18 mm, more preferably up to 16 mm, even more preferably up to 14 mm, most preferably up to 12 mm.

[0098] On the other hand, one or more upper protrusions and / or one or more lower protrusions should be tall enough to properly engage with the corresponding one or more recesses. As can be understood, this can help cause deformation of the upper and / or lower protrusions, as the material is somewhat brittle and contributes to the deformation of the material. Therefore, this can contribute to a reduction in kinetic energy, thereby contributing to a reduction in joint load on the wearer and an improvement in cushioning. For this reason, greater height may be advantageous.

[0099] On the other hand, the height of one or more upper protrusions and / or one or more lower protrusions should not be too large, as this can unnecessarily increase the overall thickness of the midsole. In addition, protrusions with a considerable height increase the weight of the sole. For this reason, smaller heights are advantageous.

[0100] Therefore, although we do not wish to be bound by theory, we believe that the values ​​specified herein allow for an optimal balance between these conflicting requirements.

[0101] The maximum height can be understood as the average height based on the heights of almost all protrusions provided. However, in one example, the maximum height could mean the maximum height of a single protrusion.

[0102] It should be noted that in the plane defined by the medial-to-lateral axis of the sole and the heel-toe axis of the sole, a distance can be provided between the upper protrusions and their respective lower recesses, and / or between the lower protrusions and their respective upper recesses. This distance can help provide friction as each protrusion moves to fill the said distance. This can help convert kinetic energy into heat, thereby reducing the impact on the wearer's joints.

[0103] sole plate In a preferred embodiment of the shoe sole described herein, the sole further comprises a sole plate provided between an upper midsole layer and a lower midsole layer, configured to control the relative movement between the upper midsole layer and the lower midsole layer.

[0104] This may have the advantage of providing the upper and lower midsole layers with additional features, including but not limited to improved reinforcement. Furthermore, the sole plate may allow for fine-tuning of the relative movement between the upper and lower midsole layers. The term "controlling" relative movement can mean hindering and / or promoting relative movement. As understood, such control may depend on the desired outcome and / or use case of the shoe sole.

[0105] The term "sole plate" can refer to a flat plate or surface used for a specific purpose. A sole plate can provide stability and support to the wearer's foot.

[0106] In a preferred embodiment of the shoe sole described herein, the sole plate includes projections and / or recesses that engage with corresponding recesses and / or projections provided in the lower midsole layer and / or upper midsole layer.

[0107] This further contributes to the advantages described in the embodiments above. In particular, the control of relative movement can be improved by the projections and / or recesses.

[0108] In a preferred embodiment of the shoe sole described herein, the projections of the sole plate are at least partially hollow and / or at least partially filled with foam.

[0109] This has the advantage that the protrusions can have a different function from the rest of the sole plate. This allows the overall function of the sole plate to be directed towards more specific use cases. Hollow and / or at least partially filled protrusions have the additional function of a more rigid arrangement. This can contribute to the stability of the shoe sole. This can be important to at least partially compensate for relative movement due to shear structures. Thus, stability and cushioning can be provided simultaneously.

[0110] In a preferred embodiment of the shoe sole described herein, the sole plate is elongated and positioned along the heel-toe axis, and the depressions and / or projections provided in the lower midsole layer and / or upper midsole layer are also elongated and positioned along the heel-toe axis of the sole.

[0111] This has the advantage of allowing for greater control over the relative movement between the upper and lower midsole layers. For example, the elongated shape of the depressions and / or protrusions facilitates greater absorption of forces approximately parallel to the medial-lateral axis. This does not mean that relative movement between the upper and lower midsole layers is prevented, as, according to the shoe soles proposed herein, relative movement of such soles approximately parallel to the heel-toe axis is desirable.

[0112] The term “elongated” as used in this embodiment can be understood to be the same as that used elsewhere in this specification.

[0113] In preferred embodiments of the shoe soles described herein, the recesses and / or projections of the sole plate preferably have a substantially semicircular or arched shape when viewed along the heel-toe axis.

[0114] This has the advantage of improving control over the relative movement between the upper and lower midsole layers. The shape defined herein allows for a good compromise regarding relatively large limitations in movement along the lateral-medial side, while the circular shape contributes to the sliding of the sole along the heel-toe axis. Thus, the shape described in this embodiment results in greater flexibility and contributes to an improved shoe sole.

[0115] In one example, the external shape is substantially the same along its entire length when viewed along the heel-toe axis. In another example, the external shape may vary along its entire length along the heel-toe axis.

[0116] As should be understood, a semicircular or arched shape does not necessarily have to be a perfectly semicircular or arched shape. Rather, manufacturing tolerances may result in slight deviations from such a perfect shape.

[0117] In a preferred embodiment of the shoe sole described herein, the sole plate includes stop elements positioned obliquely to projections and / or recesses of the sole plate, wherein the stop elements are preferably positioned in the toe area of ​​the forefoot of the midsole.

[0118] This may have the advantage of allowing the soleplate to be adjusted to fit more precisely to the midsole. Furthermore, the position of the soleplate can be maintained substantially during use of shoes equipped with such soles. The oblique placement of the stop elements relative to the protrusions and / or recesses of the soleplate allows for support in two substantially vertical directions. This can ensure, for example, that the soleplate does not substantially move relative to another part of the midsole, but that such relative movement is not excluded by the shoe soles proposed herein.

[0119] Stop elements can be implemented by various means. For example, mechanical stops can be provided. In such examples, the stop element may have a physical extension and may be recognized as such an element. In this example, the physical extension of the stop element may engage with another part of the midsole, such as the upper midsole layer and / or the lower midsole layer. Such engagement may include a shape-fitting connection, as will be described in more detail elsewhere in this specification. In other examples, stop elements may be provided by fasteners, adhesives, etc., alone, or in combination with a part having a physical extension.

[0120] In a preferred embodiment of the shoe sole described herein, the sole plate extends along the entire length of the shear structure when viewed along the heel-toe axis of the sole.

[0121] This can have the advantage of enhancing the effect of the sole plate on reinforcing the sole of a shoe. In particular, as described elsewhere in this specification, the shear structure provides relative movement between the upper and lower midsole layers, so this part of the midsole may be perceived as "softer" by the wearer compared to other parts of the midsole. Thus, if the sole plate extends along the entire length of the shear structure, the softness can be partially compensated for, and a good compromise can be found.

[0122] In particular, the shear structure can also provide friction, which reduces the kinetic energy of the shoe sole, thereby reducing the load on the joints of the wearer's body. Nevertheless, as described in this embodiment, the sole can still provide sufficient stability and / or sufficient energy return to the wearer, possibly through an extension of the sole plate.

[0123] In one example, the sole plate can extend to at least 10%, preferably at least 20%, more preferably at least 30%, even more preferably at least 40%, even more preferably at least 50%, even more preferably at least 60%, even more preferably at least 70%, even more preferably at least 80%, and even more preferably at least 90% of the total length of the sole along the heel-toe axis of the sole.

[0124] For example, the sole plate can start at the midfoot of the sole and extend to the toes.

[0125] Hollow space / filling in the structure In a preferred embodiment of the shoe sole described herein, the shear structure preferably includes a hollow space without an upper midsole layer and / or a lower midsole layer.

[0126] Hollow spaces can have the advantage of allowing greater relative movement between the upper and lower midsole layers. This can result in improved cushioning and reduced joint stress. While we do not wish to be bound by theory, it is conceivable that hollow spaces can allow for increased internal and / or solid friction, for example, reducing the kinetic energy when the sole strikes the ground. This improves the cushioning effect. For example, a shear structure may be designed so that at least a portion of it can deform, thereby escaping at least partially into a hollow space. As a result, the surfaces of the shear structure can come into contact with each other, providing solid friction. In addition, the deformation into the hollow space can provide further advantages in terms of reduced kinetic energy and improved cushioning effect due to the increased internal friction.

[0127] As used in this disclosure, the term “hollow space” can be considered as a three-dimensional volume. In one example, a hollow space may be empty, and for example, it may not contain any parts, components, elements, etc. Being empty may include the presence of a gas, such as air, in the hollow space. Alternatively, or in addition, the hollow space may be filled with at least partially one or more parts, components, elements, etc. (for example, part of a midsole). In one example, the hollow space referred to herein is understood as a macroscopic space, i.e., a space that a person skilled in the art can easily recognize as such without requiring a detailed investigation. In one example, a hollow space may be a cavity, etc. In one example, a hollow space may include a plurality of interconnected sub-hollow spaces that, when combined, form a hollow space. In one example, a hollow space may include a plurality of sub-hollow spaces, not all of which are interconnected. The plurality of sub-hollow spaces can, when combined, form a hollow space. In one example, a hollow space may be at least partially free from the environment.

[0128] In a preferred embodiment of the shoe sole described herein, the shear structure includes a solid material such as a foam material.

[0129] Solid materials can have the advantage of providing friction on their corresponding surfaces and / or internal friction, i.e., friction within the material itself. This can reduce kinetic energy and improve cushioning. This can reduce the load on the wearer's joints, making shoes more comfortable to wear, for example, while running.

[0130] As described elsewhere in this disclosure, a shear structure may include hollow spaces. However, this does not preclude the shear structure from including solid material. In one example, both are present, i.e., the shear structure includes both hollow spaces and solid material.

[0131] visibility In a preferred embodiment of the shoe sole described herein, the shear structure is at least partially visible when viewed from the outside, preferably from the lateral and / or lateral sides of the midsole, and more preferably from the lateral and / or lateral forefoot of the midsole.

[0132] This may have the advantage of allowing the appearance of the shear structure to be adjusted so that the visible portion of the sole, i.e., the shear structure, is showing the wearer that it has a certain function. Thus, although we do not wish to be bound by theory, it is thought that the wearer may be able to adapt their performance and / or behavior due to the visibility. For example, the wearer may try to act, such as running, in a way that the shear structure is not particularly subjected to external impacts that could cause damage to the shear structure. Furthermore, such visibility may, firstly, influence the wearer's performance, confidence, and / or motivation to participate in athletic activities.

[0133] In addition, the fact that the shear structure is at least partially visible when viewed from the outside has the advantage that a person can assess the condition of the shear structure, such as its solidity, rigidity, integrity, load condition, and damage.

[0134] Shear structures that are at least partially visible can be understood as being recognizable by a person during normal use of a shoe sole without requiring a major examination of the sole. However, as described elsewhere in this specification, when the sole is fully assembled to a shoe, the shear structures may not be visible, or may only be partially visible.

[0135] In a preferred embodiment of the shoe sole described herein, the shear structure has a serrated shape when viewed from the outside, preferably from the lateral and / or lateral sides of the midsole, and more preferably from the lateral and / or lateral forefoot of the midsole. At least the same advantages as those described in the above embodiments regarding the visibility of the shear structure also apply to the serrated shape when viewed from the outside in this embodiment.

[0136] It should be noted that in some cases, when a shoe with a sole is assembled, the shear structure may not be entirely visible from the outside. In one example, additional material and / or elements may at least partially cover the shear structure when viewed from the outside. Thus, in some cases, the term “viewed from the outside” means from the outside of the sole when the shoe is not fully assembled and / or manufactured. Nevertheless, it is quite possible that the shear structure is almost entirely visible from the outside even when the shoe is fully assembled and / or manufactured. As should be understood, the shear structure may have extensions within the midsole, which are covered by material and therefore not visible from the outside.

[0137] material In a preferred embodiment of the shoe sole described herein, the upper midsole layer comprises a first material, and the lower midsole layer comprises a second material, wherein the first material is different from the second material, or the first material is substantially the same as the second material.

[0138] This has the advantage that the upper and lower midsole layers can have different functions that are specifically tailored to the desired result. This can contribute to enhanced cushioning for the wearer's foot. For example, the upper midsole layer can be made of a material specifically adapted to provide greater cushioning to the wearer's foot, as it can be made more closely fitted to the wearer's foot. Alternatively, or in addition, the reverse is also possible and is not excluded by this disclosure. For example, the lower midsole layer can be made of a material specifically adapted to provide greater cushioning to the wearer's foot.

[0139] The first material, distinct from the second material, may have the particular advantage of being able to provide varying degrees of friction. This may include varying degrees of internal friction and / or varying degrees of solid friction (static friction, rolling friction, and / or kinetic friction). For example, different materials exhibiting different coefficients of friction may be provided. Alternatively or in addition, the surface roughness of the upper midsole layer and / or lower midsole layer may be different. Overall, this allows for fine-tuning of relative movement to dampen the forces acting on the wearer's foot. This can, for example, reduce the kinetic energy when the sole strikes the ground. This can reduce the load on the joints and the impact on the muscles, as described elsewhere in this specification.

[0140] For example, the first material may be lighter or heavier than the second material. For example, the first material may have approximately the same weight as the second material.

[0141] Having the first material be substantially the same as the second material may have the advantage of improving the manufacturing process. In addition, this may have the advantage of providing substantially the same material properties to the lower and upper midsole layers. In some cases, it may be desirable that substantially consistent performance and / or substantially consistent properties be present throughout the midsole. As will be understood, impurities in the first and second materials do not necessarily have to be excluded by this. That is, as will be understood by those skilled in the art, there may be slight differences in the composition of the first and second materials, but the first and second materials can still be considered substantially the same.

[0142] In preferred embodiments of the shoe soles described herein, the midsole, particularly the upper midsole layer and / or lower midsole layer, comprises or is composed of a particulate foam material, particularly a particulate foam material comprising particles of expanded thermoplastic polyurethane (eTPU), expanded polyamide (ePA), expanded polyether block amide (ePEBA), and / or expanded thermoplastic polyester ether elastomer (eTPEE).

[0143] This has the advantage that the materials are relatively easy to obtain, cost-effective, and widely accepted in the field of shoe soles. Particle foam is particularly useful for providing cushioning and energy return effects. This is because such materials can have good elasticity and cushioning properties. Furthermore, softer or harder materials can be used depending on the desired degree of cushioning, support, stability, and / or solidity. This allows for fine-tuning of the response of the midsole, particularly the upper and lower midsole layers, under pressure loads from the ground, for example. The choice of material for the midsole, particularly the upper and lower midsole layers, may be determined by the material of the shoe's upper and / or outsole. This can have advantages in terms of the attachment of each part.

[0144] Polyurethane foam can be a versatile material that offers several advantages due to its ability to provide comfort, cushioning, and insulation, as well as its relatively light weight. Foamed thermoplastic polyurethane (eTPU) particles offer excellent elasticity and cushioning properties. Therefore, for example, they can cushion external impacts that occur when the sole hits the ground, resulting in good wearing comfort.

[0145] Polyamide foam, sometimes known as nylon foam, is a type of foam material formed from polyamide polymers. It is lightweight, offers good cushioning and comfort, can be highly durable, exhibits improved chemical resistance, and its composition can be customized to have relatively low water absorption. This makes polyamide foam suitable for applications where water resistance is important, which can be advantageous for various athletic activities.

[0146] Further examples of particulate foams may include expanded polypropylene (ePP). The use of particulate foams can greatly facilitate the manufacture of soles containing such particles. This may be because, for example, special arrangement of particles in the mold is unnecessary, and the particles can be blown or swept into the mold by air, steam, liquid, liquid powder material, etc. The particles can then easily undergo further processing steps, which may include pressure and / or steam processing, or melting, which melts the surface of the particles and causes them to bond together without the need for further adhesives, etc. In preferred embodiments of the shoe soles described herein, the midsole, in particular the upper midsole layer and / or lower midsole layer, comprises or is composed of a homogeneous foam material.

[0147] Such homogeneous foams can be called polymer foams or plastic foams. Such homogeneous foams can be manufactured, for example, by injection molding or compression molding. Generally, homogeneous foams do not have a recognizable granular structure; that is, they contain virtually no identifiable particles within the finished foam.

[0148] Can be fixed and attached / outsole In a preferred embodiment of the shoe sole described herein, a portion of the upper midsole layer and a portion of the lower midsole layer are fixedly attached to each other.

[0149] This has the advantage of increasing the stability of the sole. When a portion of the upper midsole layer and a portion of the lower midsole layer are fixedly attached to each other, this has the advantage of allowing the sole to absorb greater frictional forces. In particular, when the frictional force due to relative movement increases, it may be advantageous to attach a portion of the upper midsole layer and a portion of the lower midsole layer in some way. This can ensure that these layers can be held together to at least some extent. In one example, there may be a maximum allowable frictional force due to relative movement, and exceeding this may impair the stability of the sole. It is believed that the maximum allowable frictional force can be increased at least partially by the attachment described herein.

[0150] It should be noted that attachment is advantageous because, if it is not done, the upper and lower midsole layers may separate due to relative movement caused by the shear structure. In other words, the upper and lower midsole layers should be fixed to each other to at least a degree that guarantees the stability of the midsole.

[0151] In a preferred embodiment of the shoe sole described herein, the sole further comprises an outsole positioned below the midsole, preferably below the lower midsole layer.

[0152] The outsole may be the bottom of the sole that makes direct contact with the ground, at least partially. This means that the entire outsole does not necessarily have to be in contact with the ground, although this is often the case and is not ruled out. The outsole can provide several advantages that contribute to the overall performance, comfort, grip, durability, stability, support, water resistance, and weather resistance of the sole.

[0153] shoes In a further aspect of this disclosure, the object is solved by a shoe, in particular a sports shoe such as a running shoe, comprising a sole and an upper attached to the sole, according to any one of the embodiments described herein.

[0154] Needless to say, the technical characteristics, advantages over prior art, and improvements of soles illustrated or described are equally applicable to shoes, especially sports shoes, and vice versa.

[0155] The upper can be attached to the sole by any suitable means of attachment. As will be understood by those skilled in the art, attaching the upper of a shoe to the sole can involve a variety of methods and techniques, depending on the type of shoe, the materials used, and / or the desired level of durability and sturdiness of the upper.

[0156] In a preferred embodiment of the shoe, the shoe is one of the following: a running shoe, a shoe used during exercise, a shoe used during track and field. The above-mentioned advantages of the shoe may be particularly evident when the shoe is used on a downhill slope, for example, when the joints and muscles of the wearer's body are typically subjected to strong impact.

[0157] Integrated upper midsole layer and lower midsole layer In a second aspect of the present disclosure, the object is solved by a sole for shoes, particularly for sports shoes such as running shoes, wherein the sole is a midsole including an upper midsole layer and a lower midsole layer, the upper midsole layer and the lower midsole layer being integrally formed, and a shear structure disposed in the midfoot and / or forefoot of the midsole, the shear structure being configured to allow relative movement between the upper midsole layer and the lower midsole layer.

[0158] The term “integrally formed” can be understood as forming the upper midsole layer and the lower midsole layer as a single, unified component. This can mean that the upper midsole layer and the lower midsole layer are formed as a single, unified component, as described elsewhere in this specification. This can reduce wear, vibration, noise, etc., associated with separate moving parts in various contexts as described elsewhere in this specification, thus providing several advantages, such as improved strength and durability, easier and simpler manufacturing and / or assembly, cost reduction, a reduction in the total weight of the resulting structure and / or product, and improved performance. Further advantages include reduced material costs, reduced labor costs, and / or shorter assembly times, and the provision of a simpler configuration that results in a more sustainable and environmentally friendly structure and / or product.

[0159] In a preferred embodiment of the shoe sole described in the second aspect, the shoe sole of the second aspect is any one of the aforementioned embodiments relating to the first aspect described herein.

[0160] As a result, one or more of the embodiments, features, advantages, examples, etc., described herein with respect to the first aspect can be combined with the second aspect described herein, and vice versa.

[0161] In particular, it goes without saying that the technical characteristics, advantages over the prior art, and improvements illustrated or described for the shoe sole of the first embodiment are similarly applicable to the shoe sole of the second embodiment, and vice versa.

[0162] method In a third aspect of this disclosure, the object is a method for manufacturing a sole for a shoe, particularly a sports shoe such as a running shoe, preferably a shoe according to any one of the embodiments described herein, the method comprising providing a midsole including an upper midsole layer and a lower midsole layer, wherein the upper midsole layer and the lower midsole layer are at least partially separate from each other, and providing a shear structure disposed in the midsole, wherein the shear structure is configured to allow relative movement between the upper midsole layer and the lower midsole layer. It should be understood that with respect to the remaining aspects of this specification, one or more of the embodiments, features, advantages, and examples described herein can be combined with the third aspect described herein, and vice versa. In particular, it goes without saying that the technical features, advantages over the prior art and improvements illustrated or described for shoe soles of the first and second aspects are similarly applicable to the methods of the third aspect, and vice versa.

[0163] It should be noted that the term “abbreviated” as used herein can be used to include slight tolerances and / or variations. Therefore, any values ​​or placements described by using this term may deviate slightly from the stated values ​​or placements.

[0164] The present invention includes the following embodiments. [1] A sole (101) for shoes, especially for sports shoes such as running shoes, wherein the sole (101) is A midsole (110) comprising an upper midsole layer (120) and a lower midsole layer (125), wherein the upper midsole layer (120) and the lower midsole layer (125) are at least partially separate from each other, Shear structure (130) placed in the midsole (110) and Equipped with, A shoe sole in which a shear structure (130) is configured to allow relative movement between the upper midsole layer (120) and the lower midsole layer (125).

[0165] [2] The shoe sole (101) according to embodiment [1], wherein the movement of the upper midsole layer and the lower midsole layer is preferably substantially parallel to the heel-toe axis (HT) of the sole.

[0166] [3] The relative movement between the upper midsole layer (120) and the lower midsole layer (125) occurs within a plane defined by the medial-lateral axis (ML) and the heel-toe axis (HT) of the sole (101). The shoe sole (101) according to embodiment [1] is preferably such that the relative movement between the upper midsole layer (120) and the lower midsole layer (125) is substantially parallel to the heel-toe axis (HT) of the sole (101).

[0167] [4] The shear structure (130) is in at least one of the forefoot (111) of the midsole (110), the midfoot (112) of the midsole (110), the rearfoot (113) of the midsole (110), the outer part of the midsole (110), and the inner part of the midsole (110), preferably at least one of the forefoot (111) of the midsole (110) and the midfoot (112) of the midsole (110), for example, the outer forefoot (111a) of the midsole (110), the midsole (110) A shoe sole (101) according to any one of embodiments [1] to [3], wherein the medial forefoot (111b), the lateral midfoot (112a) of the midsole (110), and the medial midfoot (112b) of the midsole (110) are configured, most preferably, in at least one of the lateral forefoot (111a) and the lateral midfoot (112a) of the midsole (110), relative movement between the upper midsole layer (120) and the lower midsole layer (125).

[0168] [5] The shear structure (130) includes an upper shear structure (131) of the upper midsole layer (120) and a lower shear structure (136) of the lower midsole layer (125), the upper shear structure (131) and the lower shear structure (136) are opposite to each other, An upper shear structure (131) and a lower shear structure (136) are preferably located in the forefoot (111) and / or midfoot (112) of the midsole (110), most preferably in the lateral forefoot (111a) and / or lateral midfoot (112a) of the midsole (110), in a shoe sole (101) according to any one of embodiments [1] to [4].

[0169] [6] The shoe sole (101) according to embodiment [4], wherein the upper shear structure (131) and the lower shear structure (136) are at least partially engaged with each other.

[0170] [7] The shoe sole (101) according to embodiment [5] or [6], wherein the upper shear structure (131) and the lower shear structure (136) are molded substantially in correspondence with each other.

[0171] [8] A shoe sole (101) according to any one of embodiments [5] to [7], wherein the upper shear structure (131) and the lower shear structure (136) engage with each other via a shape-fitting connection.

[0172] [9] A shoe sole (101) according to any one of embodiments [5] to [8], wherein the upper shear structure (131) is formed integrally with the upper midsole layer (120), and the lower shear structure (136) is formed integrally with the lower midsole layer (125).

[0173]

[10] The upper shear structure (131) includes one or more upper projections (132), the lower shear structure (136) includes one or more lower recesses (138), and / or A shoe sole (101) according to any one of embodiments [1] to [9], wherein the lower shear structure (136) includes one or more lower protrusions (137), and the upper shear structure (131) includes one or more upper recesses (133).

[0174]

[11] One or more upper projections (132) are at least partially housed in one or more lower recesses (138), and / or A shoe sole (101) according to embodiment

[10] , wherein one or more lower projections (137) are at least partially housed in one or more upper recesses (133).

[0175]

[12] A shoe sole (101) according to embodiment

[10] or

[11] , wherein one or more upper projections (132) and / or one or more lower projections (137) are spaced apart (w) from each other when viewed in a horizontal plane of the sole (101), preferably when viewed along the heel-toe axis (HT) of the sole (101).

[0176]

[13] A shoe sole (101) according to Embodiment

[12] , wherein one or more upper projections (132) and / or one or more lower projections (137) are spaced apart (w) from each other by at least 1 cm, preferably at least 1.5 cm, more preferably at least 2 cm, even more preferably at least 2.5 cm, most preferably at least 3 cm, and / or up to 8 cm, preferably up to 6 cm, more preferably up to 5 cm, even more preferably up to 4 cm, even more preferably up to 3.5 cm, most preferably up to 3 cm, when viewed in a horizontal plane of the sole (101), preferably along the heel-toe axis (HT) of the sole (101).

[0177]

[14] A shoe sole (101) according to any one of embodiments

[10] to

[13] , wherein one or more upper projections (132) and one or more upper recesses (133) are preferably arranged alternately when viewed along the heel-toe axis (HT) of the sole (101).

[0178]

[15] A shoe sole (101) according to any one of embodiments

[10] to

[14] , wherein one or more upper protrusions (132) and / or one or more lower protrusions (137) preferably have an elongated shape having a longitudinal axis substantially parallel to the intrinsic-outtrinsic axis (ML) of the sole (101).

[0179]

[16] A shoe sole (101) according to any one of embodiments

[10] to

[15] , wherein one or more upper protrusions (132) and / or one or more lower protrusions (137) have a shape when viewed in the horizontal plane of the sole (101) that includes one or more line segments, zigzag line segments, or sawtooth line segments defined by a mathematical function, in particular a periodic mathematical function such as a sine wave.

[0180]

[17] A shoe sole (101) according to any one of embodiments

[10] to

[16] , wherein one or more upper projections (132) and / or one or more lower projections (137) include one or more sides (134), the normal of the side (134) is substantially parallel to the horizontal plane of the sole (101), and the side (134) is inclined with respect to the intrinsic-outtrinsic axis (ML) of the sole (101) and has an angle (α) of preferably at least 5°, preferably at least 10°, more preferably at least 15°, even more preferably at least 20°, even more preferably at least 25°, even more preferably at least 30°, and / or up to 80°, preferably up to 60°, more preferably up to 55°, even more preferably up to 50°, even more preferably up to 45°, even more preferably up to 40°.

[0181]

[18] A shoe sole (101) according to any one of embodiments

[10] to

[17] , wherein one or more upper protrusions (132) and / or one or more lower protrusions (137) have a maximum height (h) perpendicular to the horizontal plane of the sole (101) of at least 2 mm, preferably at least 3 mm, more preferably at least 5 mm, even more preferably at least 8 mm, most preferably at least 10 mm, and / or up to 20 mm, preferably up to 18 mm, more preferably up to 16 mm, even more preferably up to 14 mm, most preferably up to 12 mm.

[0182]

[19] A shoe sole (101) according to any one of embodiments [1] to

[18] , further comprising a sole plate (140) provided between an upper midsole layer (120) and a lower midsole layer (125), configured to control the relative movement between the upper midsole layer (120) and the lower midsole layer (125).

[0183]

[20] A shoe sole (101) according to embodiment

[19] , wherein the sole plate (140) includes projections (144) and / or recesses (143) that engage with corresponding recesses (126) and / or projections (121) provided in the lower midsole layer (125) and / or upper midsole layer (120).

[0184]

[21] A shoe sole (101) according to embodiment

[19] or

[20] , wherein the projection (144) of the sole plate (140) is at least partially hollow and / or at least partially filled with foam.

[0185]

[22] A shoe sole (101) according to any one of embodiments

[19] to

[21] , wherein the sole plate (140) is elongated and positioned along the heel-toe axis (HT), and the recesses (126) and / or protrusions (121) provided in the lower midsole layer (125) and / or upper midsole layer (121) are also elongated and positioned along the heel-toe axis (HT) of the sole (101).

[0186]

[23] A shoe sole (101) according to any one of embodiments

[19] to

[22] , wherein the recesses (143) and / or projections (144) of the sole plate (140) preferably have a substantially semicircular or arched shape when viewed along the heel-toe axis (HT).

[0187]

[24] A shoe sole (101) according to any one of embodiments

[19] to

[23] , wherein the sole plate (140) includes stop elements (145) positioned obliquely to projections (121) and / or recesses (126) of the sole plate (140), and the stop elements (145) are preferably positioned at the toe portion (111c) of the forefoot portion (111) of the midsole (110).

[0188]

[25] A shoe sole (101) according to any one of embodiments

[19] to

[24] , wherein the sole plate (140) extends along the entire length (I) of the shear structure (130) when viewed at the heel-toe axis (HT) of the sole (101).

[0189]

[26] A shoe sole (101) according to any one of embodiments [1] to

[25] , wherein the shear structure (130) preferably includes an upper midsole layer (120) and / or a hollow space (135) without a lower midsole.

[0190]

[27] A shoe sole (101) according to any one of embodiments [1] to

[26] , wherein the shear structure (130) includes a solid material such as a foam material.

[0191]

[28] A shoe sole (101) according to any one of embodiments [1] to

[27] , wherein the shear structure (130) is at least partially visible when viewed from the outside, preferably from the outer side and / or inner side of the midsole (110), and more preferably from the outer forefoot (111a) and / or inner forefoot (111b) of the midsole (110).

[0192]

[29] A shoe sole (101) according to any one of embodiments [1] to

[28] , wherein the shear structure (130) has a sawtooth shape (139) when viewed from the outside, preferably from the outer side and / or inner side of the midsole (110), and more preferably from the outer forefoot (111a) and / or inner forefoot (111b) of the midsole (110).

[0193]

[30] The upper midsole layer (120) comprises the first material, and the lower midsole layer (125) comprises the second material. The first material is different from the second material, or A shoe sole (101) according to any one of embodiments [1] to

[29] , wherein the first material is substantially the same as the second material.

[0194]

[31] A shoe sole (101) according to any one of Embodiments [1] to

[30] , wherein the midsole (110), particularly the upper midsole layer (120) and / or the lower midsole layer (125), comprises or is composed of a particulate foam material, particularly a particulate foam material comprising particles of foamed thermoplastic polyurethane (eTPU), particles of foamed polyamide (ePA), particles of foamed polyether block amide (ePEBA), and / or particles of foamed thermoplastic polyester ether elastomer (eTPEE).

[0195]

[32] A shoe sole (101) according to any one of embodiments [1] to

[31] , wherein the midsole (110), particularly the upper midsole layer (120) and / or lower midsole layer (125), comprises or is composed of a homogeneous foam material.

[0196]

[33] A shoe sole (101) according to any one of embodiments [1] to

[32] , wherein a portion of the upper midsole layer (120) and a portion of the lower midsole layer (125) are fixedly attached to each other.

[0197]

[34] A shoe sole (101) according to any one of embodiments [1] to

[33] , further comprising an outsole positioned below a midsole (110), preferably below a lower midsole layer (125).

[0198]

[35] Shoes, especially sports shoes such as running shoes, A sole according to any one of the above embodiments, The upper attached to the sole (101) Shoes equipped with these features.

[0199]

[36] A sole (101) for shoes, especially for sports shoes such as running shoes, wherein the sole (101) is A midsole (110) including an upper midsole layer (120) and a lower midsole layer (125), wherein the upper midsole layer (120) and the lower midsole layer (125) are integrally formed, Shear structure (130) located in the midfoot (112) and / or forefoot (111) of the midsole (110) Equipped with, A shoe sole in which a shear structure (130) is configured to allow relative movement between the upper midsole layer (120) and the lower midsole layer (125).

[0200]

[37] A method for manufacturing a sole (101) for shoes, particularly sports shoes such as running shoes, preferably according to any one of the embodiments [1] to

[35] , wherein the method is The invention provides a midsole (110) including an upper midsole layer (120) and a lower midsole layer (125), wherein the upper midsole layer (120) and the lower midsole layer (125) are at least partially separate from each other. By providing a shear structure (130) in the midsole (110) and Includes, A method in which a shear structure (130) is configured to allow relative movement between an upper midsole layer (120) and a lower midsole layer (125).

[0201] The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the following drawings. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0202] [Figure 1] This figure shows the upper midsole layer of a sole for shoes, particularly for sports shoes, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 2]This figure shows the lower midsole layer of a sole for shoes, particularly for sports shoes, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 3] This figure shows the assembled embodiment of Figures 1 and 2 according to the embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 4] These are detailed views of Figures 1 and 2. [Figure 5] This figure shows a sole plate for a shoe, particularly for a sports shoe, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, from two different sides. [Figure 6] This figure shows an upper midsole layer and a lower midsole layer for a shoe sole, particularly for a sports shoe sole, and a sole plate for a shoe sole, according to an embodiment of the disclosure. [Figure 7] This figure shows a shoe, particularly a sports shoe, comprising a sole and a sole plate, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 7a] This figure shows the embodiment of Figure 7 from the inside. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0203] Only some possible embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and numerous other embodiments are applicable without departing from the scope of the invention. The presented embodiments can be modified in several ways, combined with each other whenever they fit, and certain features can be omitted insofar as they are deemed unimportant. In particular, the disclosed embodiments can be modified by combining certain features of one embodiment with one or more features of another embodiment.

[0204] It should be understood that not all features of the described aspects / embodiments are necessary to realize the technical advantages presented by the Disclosure as defined by the subject matter of the claims. The disclosed aspects / embodiments can be modified by combining certain features of one aspect / embodiment with one or more features of another aspect / embodiment. Specifically, a person skilled in the art will understand that features and / or functional elements of one aspect / embodiment can be combined with technically compatible features and / or functional elements of any other aspect / embodiment of the Disclosure, provided that the resulting combination falls within the definition of the Disclosure.

[0205] The following embodiments will be described primarily in relation to soles for shoes, particularly sports shoes, but those skilled in the art will recognize that the disclosures according to the present invention can be equally applied to several different technical fields and / or use cases.

[0206] Throughout this drawing and specification, the same reference numerals refer to the same elements. For clarity and brevity, certain aspects of components or steps of an embodiment are presented without unnecessary detail. Such details are obvious to those skilled in the art in light of the teachings herein and / or would obscure the understanding of more relevant aspects of the embodiment.

[0207] To be understood by those skilled in the art, and / or to avoid duplication, refer to the explanations in the preceding paragraphs, which also apply to the detailed descriptions below. Furthermore, for the sake of brevity and clarity, not all features, parts, elements, aspects, components, and / or steps are explicitly indicated by reference numerals. This is especially true when those skilled in the art will recognize that there are multiple such features, parts, elements, aspects, components, and / or steps.

[0208] definition As used in this disclosure, the term “midsole” may refer to a layer of material that may be located between the outsole of a shoe, for example, the bottom of the sole that contacts the ground, and the upper of a shoe, for example, the part of the shoe that covers the top of the wearer’s foot.

[0209] As used in this disclosure, the term “outsole” may refer to the bottom of the sole that at least partially makes direct contact with the ground. This means that the entire outsole does not necessarily have to be in contact with the ground, although this is often the case. The outsole can provide several advantages that contribute to the overall performance, comfort, grip, durability, stability, support, water resistance, and weather resistance of the sole.

[0210] As used herein, “medial,” “medial side,” “medial region,” and / or “medial portion” of the sole / midsole may refer to the inner and / or inner edge of the sole / midsole. This side and / or edge may be closest to the wearer’s body midline when the shoe with the sole is worn. This side and / or edge may extend from the big toe to the heel region. The term “medial portion” may further include a smaller area extending from the medial side of the sole toward the heel-toe midline. The “medial side” and / or “medial portion” are typically positioned opposite the arch of the foot and / or the big toe.

[0211] As used herein, “outer,” “outer side,” “outer region,” and / or “outer portion” of the sole / midsole may refer to the outer and / or outer edge of the sole / midsole. This side and / or edge may be away from the midline of the wearer’s body when the shoe with the sole is worn. This side and / or edge may extend from the little toe to the heel region. The “outer portion” may further include a smaller area extending from the outer side of the sole toward the heel-toe midline.

[0212] As used herein, the “toe portion” and / or “toe region” of a sole / midsole may refer to the anterior portion of the sole / midsole capable of accommodating the toes of the wearer’s foot when worn, for example, the forefoot portion of the sole / midsole. The toes of the wearer’s foot may include the big toe and / or the joint of the big toe. The toe portion and / or toe region may include the anterior end of the foot when worn. Furthermore, the toe portion and / or toe region may include the distal, middle, and proximal phalanges of the wearer’s foot when worn. The toe portion and / or toe region may further include the anterior portion of the metatarsals of the wearer’s foot when worn.

[0213] The “forefoot” and / or “forefoot region” of the sole / midsole can refer to the front part of the sole / midsole. The forefoot / forefoot region of a sole / midsole shoe can cover the area of ​​the foot corresponding to the toes and the base of the toes. In one example, the forefoot / forefoot region can cover less than approximately the front half of the sole. In another example, the forefoot / forefoot region can cover less than approximately one-third of the sole at the front of the sole.

[0214] The "midfoot" and / or "midfoot region" of a sole / midsole can refer to the central part of the sole / midsole. The midfoot / midfoot region of a sole / midsole shoe can cover the area of ​​the foot corresponding to the arch of the foot when the shoe with the sole / midsole is worn. In one example, the midfoot / midfoot region can cover less than about half of the sole of the foot, with its center point located about halfway along the heel-toe axis. In another example, the midfoot / midfoot region can cover less than about one-third of the sole of the foot, with its center point located about halfway along the heel-toe axis.

[0215] The terms “rearfoot” and / or “rearfoot region” of a sole / midsole can refer to the rear part of the sole / midsole. The rearfoot / rearfoot region of a sole / midsole shoe can cover the area corresponding to and / or the area surrounding the heel of the wearer's foot when the shoe with the sole / midsole is worn. In one example, the rearfoot / rearfoot region can cover less than approximately the rear half of the sole. In one example, the midfoot / midfoot region can cover less than approximately one-third of the sole at the rear of the sole.

[0216] The “forefoot” and / or “forefoot region” of the sole / midsole may refer to the front part of the sole / midsole. The forefoot of a sole / midsole shoe may cover the area of ​​the foot corresponding to the toes and the base of the toes. In one example, the forefoot may cover less than approximately the front half of the sole, or less than approximately one-third of the sole.

[0217] As used herein, the “sole region” and / or “sole portion” of a sole / midsole may be determined, for example, in a plane defined by the heel-toe axis and medial-lateral axis of the sole / midsole. In other words, the sole region / sole portion of a sole / midsole may be measured in a substantially horizontal plane perpendicular to the vertical axis. The sole region / sole portion of a sole / midsole may be the region / portion that the bottom of the wearer’s foot contacts (disregarding the presence of the upper and / or insole) when wearing a shoe having such a sole.

[0218] As used herein, the term “upward direction” may refer to the direction from the sole of the upper towards the top of the upper. For example, the upward direction may refer to the direction from the sole of the upper towards the instep of the upper. The upward direction may also refer to the direction approximately parallel to the vertical axis.

[0219] As used herein, the term “downward” may be substantially the opposite of “upward.”

[0220] As used herein, the term “vertical axis” may roughly correspond to the wearer’s main body axis from head to toe when the wearer is standing on the ground.

[0221] Unless otherwise stated, the term “abbreviated” as used in this context can be understood to mean considerably or significantly, or largely or essentially. In particular, manufacturing tolerances are included in this term.

[0222] The term "and / or" simply describes an association relationship that describes related objects, indicating that three such relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B can represent three states: A exists alone, both A and B exist, and B exists alone. In addition, the letter " / " in this disclosure typically indicates that the preceding and following related objects form an "or" relationship.

[0223] Terms indicating orientation or positional relationship, such as "bottom," "top," "one end," "other end," "outside," "up," "upper," "inside," "down," "lower," "horizontal," "coaxial," "center," "end," "part," "length," and "outer end," are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawing.

[0224] The terms "up," "above," "below," and "down" used in this invention to indicate relative positions in space are used to facilitate descriptions of shoe soles, elements, parts, objects, and / or features shown in the drawings in relation to other shoe soles, elements, parts, objects, and / or features.

[0225] Description of the drawing Figure 1 shows the upper midsole layer 120 of a sole 101 for shoes, particularly for sports shoes, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 2 shows the lower midsole layer 125 of a sole 101 for shoes, particularly for sports shoes, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0226] The sole 101 (not the entire sole 101 for the shoe is shown in Figures 1 and 2, as will be understood by those skilled in the art) comprises a midsole 110 including an upper midsole layer 120 and a lower midsole layer 125. As can be seen, the upper midsole layer 120 and the lower midsole layer 125 are at least partially separate from each other. The sole 101 further comprises a shear structure 130 positioned on the midsole 110. The shear structure 130 is configured to allow relative movement between the upper midsole layer 120 and the lower midsole layer 125.

[0227] The relative movement between the upper midsole layer 120 and the lower midsole layer 125 may occur within a plane defined by the medial-lateral axis ML and the heel-toe axis HT of the sole 101. In particular, the relative movement between the upper midsole layer 120 and the lower midsole layer 125 may be substantially parallel to the heel-toe axis HT of the sole 101. The heel-toe axis HT and the medial-lateral axis ML of the sole 101 are shown in Figures 1 and 2.

[0228] It should be noted that Figures 1 and 2 show that the upper midsole layer 120 and the lower midsole layer 125 are separate from each other in the sense that they are distinct from one another. Nevertheless, as will be explained in more detail elsewhere, the upper midsole layer 120 and the lower midsole layer 125 may be at least partially separate from each other. For example, the upper midsole layer 120 and the lower midsole layer 125 may be partially attached to each other and / or at least partially formed as a single unit.

[0229] The shear structure 130 may be configured to allow relative movement between the upper midsole layer 120 and the lower midsole layer 125 in at least one of the following areas: the forefoot portion 111 of the midsole 110, the midfoot portion 112 of the midsole 110, the rearfoot portion 113 of the midsole 110, the outer portion of the midsole 110 (near reference numeral 102 indicating the outer side of the midsole 110), and / or the inner portion of the midsole 110 (near reference numeral 103 indicating the inner side of the midsole 110).

[0230] The shear structure 130 may be configured to allow relative movement between the upper midsole layer 120 and the lower midsole layer 125 in at least one of the forefoot portion 111 and the midfoot portion 112 of the midsole 110, for example, at least one of the lateral forefoot portion 111a, the medial forefoot portion 111b, the lateral midfoot portion 112a, and the medial midfoot portion 112b of the midsole 110. The shear structure 130 may be configured to allow relative movement between the upper midsole layer 120 and the lower midsole layer 125 in the lateral forefoot portion 111a and the lateral midfoot portion 112a of the midsole 110.

[0231] In Figures 1 and 2, the lateral forefoot portion 111a and the lateral midfoot portion 112a of the midsole 110 are schematically shown by dashed lines. As will be understood by those skilled in the art, the lines are schematic and their exact extents may vary. Furthermore, the forefoot portion 111, the midfoot portion 112, and the rearfoot portion 113 of the midsole 110 are also schematically shown using parentheses. Similarly, as will be understood by those skilled in the art, their exact extents may vary.

[0232] Please note that Figures 1 and 2 do not show the entire sole 101. Nevertheless, they do show a portion of the sole 101. Therefore, for the sake of understanding, both Figures 1 and 2 are also denoted by reference numeral 101.

[0233] As can be seen, the shear structure 130 includes an upper shear structure 131 of the upper midsole layer 120 and a lower shear structure 136 of the lower midsole layer 125. When assembled, the upper shear structure 131 and the lower shear structure 136 face each other (most commonly seen in Figure 3). As will be understood by those skilled in the art, when the sole 101 is not assembled, the upper shear structure 131 and the lower shear structure 136 do not have to face each other. Furthermore, the upper shear structure 131 and the lower shear structure 136 can be placed in any portion 111, 112, 113 of the midsole 110. Figures 1 and 2 show the upper shear structure 131 and the lower shear structure 136 being placed in the forefoot portion 111 and the midfoot portion 112 of the midsole 110. In particular, as shown by the dashed frame, the upper shear structure 131 and the lower shear structure 136 are positioned on the lateral forefoot 111a and lateral midfoot 112a of the midsole 110. However, this is merely an example, and various arrangements are encompassed by this disclosure.

[0234] When assembled, the upper shear structure 131 and the lower shear structure 136 engage with each other at least partially (best seen in Figure 3). Furthermore, the upper shear structure 131 and the lower shear structure 136 are formed substantially corresponding to each other. For example, one of the upper shear structure 131 and the lower shear structure 136 may form a geometric concave shape relative to the other. When assembled, the upper shear structure 131 and the lower shear structure 136 engage with each other via a shape-fitting connection (best seen in Figure 3). Note that the shape-fitting connection simply refers to the shape of the upper shear structure 131 and the lower shear structure 136 when substantially no force is acting on the sole 101. In particular, the shape-fitting connection should not be confused with a rigid connection. Rather, as will be described in more detail elsewhere in this specification, shear movement is adequately contained by the shape-fitting connection.

[0235] Furthermore, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, the upper shear structure 131 is formed integrally with the upper midsole layer 120, and the lower shear structure 136 is formed integrally with the lower midsole layer 125.

[0236] The integral formation of the respective structures 131 and 136 is also known as forming them as a single part. This can bring several advantages. For example, a single part can be strengthened and durable because, compared to an assembly of multiple parts, it often has fewer weak points and / or a lower probability of failure. This can improve overall strength and durability. Furthermore, a single part is easier and simpler to manufacture and / or assemble, because separate parts, fasteners, or connectors may be largely unnecessary, although this is not excluded. This can reduce manufacturing costs. In addition, a single part can reduce the total weight of the resulting structure and / or product. This can be particularly advantageous in the context of the sole 101 for shoes proposed herein, where weight reduction can play a significant role. Furthermore, a single part can improve performance because it can reduce wear, vibration, noise, etc., associated with separate moving parts. Furthermore, by eliminating the need for additional parts, components, and elements, the upper shear structure 131, which is integrally formed with the upper midsole layer 120, and the lower shear structure 136, which is integrally formed with the lower midsole layer 125, can reduce material costs, labor costs, and / or assembly time. In addition, fewer parts can often mean a simpler construction, which can reduce material waste during manufacturing and disposal. This can contribute to a more sustainable and environmentally friendly sole 101.

[0237] However, as described elsewhere, there may also be advantages to having separate configurations, namely, not forming the upper shear structure 131 integrally with the upper midsole layer 120, and not forming the lower shear structure 136 integrally with the lower midsole layer 125. For example, providing separate parts instead of integrally formed parts can facilitate more complex arrangements. In addition, further functions can be added more easily. Thus, the choice between forming element 131 integrally with element 120 and element 136 integrally with element 125, and providing separate elements, may depend on various factors such as the intended application, manufacturing process, material properties, desired results, desired functions, and / or cost considerations.

[0238] It should be noted that a portion of the upper midsole layer 120 and a portion of the lower midsole layer 125 can be fixedly attached to each other. This is recognized as the shear movement between the upper midsole layer 120 and the lower midsole layer 125 may require some form of attachment. A portion of the upper midsole layer 120 and a portion of the lower midsole layer 125 can be fixedly attached to each other by any suitable means of attachment, including but not limited to one or more and / or combinations of adhesive, bonding, stitching, mechanical fasteners, injection molding, welding, thermal bonding, compression molding, lamination, foam bonding, direct injection treatment, foam encapsulation, molded construction, and welded seam bonding. It should be understood that the choice of means of attachment may depend on various factors such as the type of sole 101 for the shoe, the material used, the desired level of flexibility, and / or the manufacturing process used. Each means of attachment may have its own advantages and may be selected based on the specific requirements of the sole 101.

[0239] The size of the areas of the upper midsole layer 120 and the lower midsole layer 125 that are fixedly attached may depend on the size of the shear structure 130. This may be because there may be a maximum allowable frictional force due to relative movement. It is thought that the maximum allowable frictional force can be increased at least partially by fixing and attaching a portion of the upper midsole layer 120 and a portion of the lower midsole layer 125. In one example, at least about 10%, preferably at least 15%, more preferably at least 20%, even more preferably at least 25%, even more preferably at least 30%, even more preferably at least 35%, even more preferably at least 40%, even more preferably at least 45%, and even more preferably at least 50% or more of the sole area of ​​the midsole 110 can be fixed and attached to each other. Alternatively, or in addition, up to about 90%, preferably up to 85%, more preferably up to 80%, even more preferably up to 75%, even more preferably up to 70%, even more preferably up to 65%, even more preferably up to 60%, even more preferably up to 55%, and even more preferably up to 50% or less of the sole area of ​​the midsole 110 can be fixedly attached to each other. In Figures 1 and 2, the two-dimensional projection of the illustrated upper midsole layer 120 or the illustrated lower midsole layer 125 onto the horizontal plane may be from the sole area of ​​the midsole 110.

[0240] It should be noted that when the shear structure 130 is provided on the forefoot portion 111 of the midsole 110, at least a portion of the rearfoot portion 113 and / or the midfoot portion 112 of the midsole 110 can be fixed and attached to each other, at least partially. In other words, the upper midsole layer 120 and the lower midsole layer 125 can be fixed and attached to each other in the portion where the shear structure 130 is not provided.

[0241] Figure 3 shows a sole for shoes, particularly for sports shoes, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 3 shows the embodiments of Figures 1 and 2 assembled.

[0242] One or more upper projections 132 and / or one or more lower projections 137 (shown in detail in Figure 4) have a maximum height h perpendicular to the horizontal plane of the sole 101, at least 2 mm and / or up to 20 mm, as described elsewhere in this specification.

[0243] Figure 3 also shows that the shear structure 130 includes a hollow space 135. The hollow space 135 lacks the upper midsole layer 120 and / or the lower midsole layer 125. It should be understood that the shape and size of the hollow space 130 may change under pressure load applied to the sole 101.

[0244] The hollow space 135 can be formed between one or more upper protrusions 132 when received in one or more lower recesses 138 (and / or between one or more lower protrusions 137 when received in one or more upper recesses 133). Thereafter, the hollow space 135 can adopt a shape similar to the line segments described elsewhere in this specification (e.g., zigzag line segments, sawtooth line segments, etc.). This can have further advantages such as improved ventilation, cooling, aesthetics, and functionality. For example, it can improve ventilation of the wearer's foot and prevent moisture buildup. This also improves the lifespan of the sole 101. In addition, if the hollow space 135 is fully exposed to the outside, the hollow space may be designed such that unsightly objects from the environment, such as pebbles, cannot essentially accumulate in the hollow space and / or protrude through the hollow space. Thereafter, the wearer's performance is not reduced and / or the wearer's attention is not distracted.

[0245] Furthermore, the shear structure 130 may include a solid material such as foam material. In the embodiment shown in Figure 3, this can be understood as a portion of the upper shear structure 131, which is formed integrally with the upper midsole layer 120, containing a solid material such as foam material. Furthermore, a portion of the lower shear structure 136, which is formed integrally with the lower midsole layer 125, also contains a solid material such as foam material.

[0246] Figure 3 also shows that the shear structure 130 is at least partially visible when viewed from the outside. In particular, the shear structure 130 is visible from the outer side 102 (shown in Figure 3) and / or the inner side 103 of the midsole 110. When viewed from the outside, the shear structure may have a serrated shape 139, preferably when viewed from the outer side 102 and / or the inner side 103 of the midsole 110. In Figure 3, the viewing direction may be from the outer forefoot portion 111a of the midsole 110. The visibility of the shear structure 130 may be particularly important and advantageous because it may allow for easy evaluation of the state of the shear structure 130, such as solidity and rigidity.

[0247] One or more projections 132, 137 (shown in detail in Figure 4) may have inclined surfaces, as shown in Figure 3, toward adjacent recesses 133, 138 when viewed along the heel-toe axis HT, and these inclined surfaces may be substantially continuous.

[0248] Although not shown in Figure 3, the sole 101 may further comprise an outsole positioned below the midsole 110, preferably below the lower midsole layer 125. As can be understood, the sole 101 described herein can be attached to an upper to form a shoe, in particular a sports shoe such as a running shoe. The upper can be attached to the sole 101 by any suitable attachment means, including but not limited to bonding / adhesion, stitching, injection molding, and the like.

[0249] Figure 4 is a detailed view of Figures 1 and 2.

[0250] As can be seen, the upper shear structure 131 includes one or more upper projections 132, and the lower shear structure 136 includes one or more lower recesses 138. Furthermore, the lower shear structure 136 includes one or more lower projections 137, and the upper shear structure 131 includes one or more upper recesses 133. The upper projections 132 can extend from the outer side 102 of the midsole 110 to around the centerline 106 of the midsole 110 (shown as a dashed line at the top of Figure 2), and the centerline 106 is approximately parallel to the heel-toe axis HT of the sole 101. Similarly, the upper recesses 133, lower projections 137, and / or lower recesses 138 can also extend from the outer side 102 of the midsole 110 to around the centerline 106 of the midsole 110. As described elsewhere, when the shear structure 130 is provided on the inner side 103, the projections 132, 137 and / or recesses 133, 138 can extend from the inner side 103 of the midsole 110 to around the centerline 106 of the midsole 110. However, as described elsewhere in this specification, several different arrangements of the shear structure 130 are possible.

[0251] When assembled, one or more upper protrusions 132 are at least partially housed in one or more lower recesses 138. Furthermore, when assembled, one or more lower protrusions 137 are at least partially housed in one or more upper recesses 133 (most commonly seen in Figure 3).

[0252] In Figure 4, it is shown that one or more upper protrusions 132 and / or one or more lower protrusions 137 are spaced apart from each other when viewed in the horizontal plane of the sole. In Figure 4, the spacing w is shown along the heel-toe axis HT of the sole 101.

[0253] One or more upper protrusions 132 and / or one or more lower protrusions 137 may be spaced apart from each other by a distance w when viewed along the heel-toe axis HT of the sole 101, where the distance w is at least 1 cm, preferably at least 1.5 cm, more preferably at least 2 cm, even more preferably at least 2.5 cm, most preferably at least 3 cm, and / or, w is up to 8 cm, preferably up to 6 cm, more preferably up to 5 cm, even more preferably up to 4 cm, even more preferably up to 3.5 cm, most preferably up to 3 cm.

[0254] One or more upper protrusions 132 and one or more upper recesses 133 are arranged alternately when viewed along the heel-toe axis HT of the sole 101. The same applies to one or more lower protrusions 137 and one or more lower recesses 138.

[0255] In one example, one or more upper protrusions 132 and one or more upper recesses 133 may be arranged arbitrarily. This may have the advantage that the protrusions 132 and recesses 133 can be arranged to increase shear if desired in certain applications of the sole 101. As understood, the arrangement of the upper protrusions 132 and upper recesses 133 may vary depending on the type of sole 101 and its use case.

[0256] One or more upper projections 132 and / or one or more lower projections 137 have an elongated shape, and their longitudinal axes are substantially parallel to the inward-outward axis ML of the sole 101.

[0257] One or more upper projections 132 and / or one or more lower projections 137 have a shape, as viewed in the horizontal plane of the sole 101, that includes one or more line segments, zigzag line segments, or sawtooth line segments defined by a mathematical function, particularly a periodic mathematical function such as a sine wave. In Figure 4, the shape is zigzag or sawtooth.

[0258] While we do not wish to be bound by theory, it is believed that these shapes allow for improved control of the movement of one or more upper protrusions 132 and / or one or more lower protrusions 137. For example, movement along the medial-outer axis ML can be substantially prevented by the interlocking of the corresponding shapes. Nevertheless, shear movement along the heel-toe axis HT is still possible by the shear structure 130. Thus, kinetic energy can be significantly reduced. Thus, it is still possible that the deformation of the internal solid also contributes to the reduction of kinetic energy, but in one example, the contribution of the shear structure 130 due to shear movement and the corresponding friction and heat generation can be greater than that of the solid deformation. In addition, a clear stop can be provided along the heel-toe axis HT of the sole 101. This can improve safety due to the clear stop and prevent instability of the sole 101. All these advantages may apply equally to the shapes as defined herein. The shapes can be understood in more detail as follows.

[0259] The zigzag lines may also be patterns or paths characterized by a series of nearly acute angles or sharp turns. The patterns or paths can create repeating "Z" shapes and / or a series of interconnected diagonal lines. Following the additional advantages of this function, the zigzag lines can also contribute to the appearance and / or tactile feel of projections 132, 137.

[0260] A serrated line can be a geometric pattern or wave that resembles the teeth of a saw blade. A serrated line may be characterized by a series of linear, jagged peaks and valleys. Each peak can form an acute angle, and each valley can form a corresponding acute angle in the opposite direction. This can create a repeating pattern that resembles a sawtooth.

[0261] It should be noted that line segments defined by mathematical functions can also contribute to enhancing the advantages of projections 132 and 137.

[0262] Furthermore, any kind of shape of one or more upper protrusions 132 and / or one or more lower protrusions 137, for example, from the following non-exhaustive list, namely, rectangle, triangle, any periodic function, one or more forms enabling horizontal movement of the upper midsole layer 120 and the lower midsole layer 125, may be included by the present disclosure.

[0263] As shown in FIG. 4, the upper shear structure 131 can have five protrusions 132. The leftmost protrusion 132 has two zigzags or sawteeth. The three central protrusions 132 have three zigzags or sawteeth. The rightmost protrusion 132 has two zigzags or sawteeth. As would be understood by those skilled in the art, the numbers may vary slightly depending on what can be accurately understood as one zigzag or sawtooth. As shown at the bottom of FIG. 4, the number of zigzags or sawteeth of the lower protrusion 137 is the same as that of the upper protrusion 132.

[0264] One or more upper protrusions 132 and / or one or more lower protrusions 137 include one or more side surfaces 134 (only one side surface 134 is shown for simplicity). The normal of the side surface 134 may be substantially parallel to the horizontal plane of the sole 101. As shown in FIG. 4, the side surface 134 is inclined with respect to the inner-outer axis ML of the sole 101 (further shown by a dashed line at the bottom of FIG. 4). As described elsewhere in this specification, the angle α may be at least 5° and / or at most 80°. The preferred range of the angle α may be from about 30° to about 60°.

[0265] Note that the brackets of the reference numeral 130 mean that the upper shear structure 131 and the lower shear structure 136 are included in the shear structure 130.

[0266] FIG. 5 shows the sole plate 140 of the sole 101 for shoes, particularly for sports shoes, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, from two different sides. The upper part of FIG. 5 shows the sole plate 140 with the upper surface 141 of the sole plate 140 facing the viewing direction. The lower part of FIG. 5 shows the sole plate 140 with the lower surface 142 of the sole plate 140 facing the viewing direction.

[0267] When assembling the sole 101, the sole plate 140 is provided between the upper midsole layer 120 and the lower midsole layer 125. The sole plate 140 is configured to control the relative movement between the upper midsole layer 120 and the lower midsole layer 125.

[0268] The sole plate 140 can be attached to the upper midsole layer 120 and / or the lower midsole layer 125. Any suitable type of means for attachment is possible and is encompassed by the present disclosure. In one example, the sole plate 140 can be joined to the upper midsole layer 120 and / or the lower midsole layer 125. In another example, the sole plate 140 can be substantially attached to the upper midsole layer 120 and / or the lower midsole layer 125 by engagement, shape fitting, etc. This can be combined with additional means for attachment such as fasteners, adhesives, etc.

[0269] In one example, the sole plate 140 can include TPU. This can provide good sustainability, provide high flexibility, and exhibit improved longitudinal bending behavior. However, alternatively or in addition, the sole plate 140 can include different materials including but not limited to rubber, plastic, or metal. The choice of material can depend on the type of shoe and its intended use.

[0270] The sole plate 140 includes projections 144 and / or recesses 143 that engage with corresponding recesses 126 (most commonly shown in Figure 2) and / or projections 121 (most commonly shown in Figure 1) provided in the lower midsole layer 125 and / or upper midsole layer 120.

[0271] The projections 144 of the sole plate 140 are at least partially hollow and / or at least partially filled with foam. The sole plate 140 is elongated and positioned along the heel-toe axis HT of the sole 101. Also, the depressions 126 and / or projections 121 provided in the lower midsole layer 125 and / or upper midsole layer 120 are elongated and positioned along the heel-toe axis HT of the sole 101. The depressions 143, 126 and / or projections 144, 121 have a substantially semicircular or arched shape when viewed along the heel-toe axis HT.

[0272] The outer shape of the arc may be a two-dimensional geometric shape formed by taking a portion of the circumference of a circle and a chord (a straight line segment connecting two points on the circumference of the circle) across the arc of the arc. Essentially, the arc may be a curved region between the circular arc and two radii defining the arc (lines connecting the center of the circle to the endpoints of the arc).

[0273] In one example, the recess 143 can be provided on the upper surface 141 of the sole plate 140. In another example, the projection 144 can be provided on the lower surface 142 of the sole plate 140. The recess 143 and / or projection 144 can be formed integrally with the sole plate 140. In another example, the recess 143 and / or projection 144 can be attached by adhesive such as glue.

[0274] Figure 5 also shows that the sole plate 140 includes stop elements 145 positioned obliquely to the projections 144 and / or recesses 143 of the sole plate 140. The stop elements 145 are located in the toe portion 111c of the forefoot portion 111 of the midsole 110 (indicated schematically by brackets in Figure 5).

[0275] As can be imagined by the recess 126 in the lower midsole layer 125 shown in Figure 2, the sole plate 140 extends along the entire length I (most commonly seen in Figure 4) of the shear structure 130 when viewed along the heel-toe axis HT of the sole 101. Note that the entire length I of the shear structure 130 is schematically shown in Figure 4.

[0276] Figure 6 shows an upper midsole layer 120 and a lower midsole layer 125 of a sole 101 for shoes, particularly for sports shoes, and a sole plate 140 of the sole 101 for shoes, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment shown in Figure 6 is similar to any other embodiment described herein, and any features described in any other embodiment may be applicable to the embodiment in Figure 6, insofar as they are technically meaningful. The reverse is also true. For the sake of brevity, it should be noted that not all features of the other embodiments are repeated and / or shown in the embodiment in Figure 6.

[0277] The sole 101 (not the entire sole 101 for the shoe is shown in Figure 6, as will be understood by those skilled in the art) comprises a midsole 110 including an upper midsole layer 120 and a lower midsole layer 125. The upper midsole layer 120 and the lower midsole layer 125 are at least partially separate from each other. The sole 101 further comprises a shear structure 130 positioned on the midsole 110. The shear structure 130 is configured to allow relative movement between the upper midsole layer 120 and the lower midsole layer 125, preferably along the heel-toe axis HT.

[0278] As can be seen, the shear structure 130 includes an upper shear structure 131 of the upper midsole layer 120 and a lower shear structure 136 of the lower midsole layer 125. When assembled, the upper shear structure 131 and the lower shear structure 136 face each other.

[0279] Furthermore, the sole 101 includes a sole plate 140 provided between the upper midsole layer 120 and the lower midsole layer 125 during the assembly of the sole 101. The sole plate 140 is configured to control the relative movement between the upper midsole layer 120 and the lower midsole layer 125. The sole plate 140 includes a stop element 145 positioned diagonally with respect to the heel-toe axis HT of the sole plate 140. The stop element 145 is located in the toe area of ​​the forefoot of the midsole 110.

[0280] Figure 7 shows a shoe 100, in particular a sports shoe, comprising a sole 101 and a sole plate 140, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 7 shows the shoe 100 from the outside 102. Figure 7a shows the embodiment of Figure 7 from the inside 103. The embodiment shown in Figure 7 is similar to any other embodiment described herein, and any feature described in any other embodiment may be applicable to the embodiment of Figure 7, insofar as it is technically meaningful. The reverse is also true. For the sake of brevity, it should be noted that not all features of the other embodiments are repeated and / or shown in the embodiment of Figure 7. The shoe 100 in Figure 7 is shown in an assembled state. The illustrated shoe 100 may be a sports shoe, such as a running shoe, in particular a shoe for downhill running. The shoe 100 comprises a sole 101 according to any one of the embodiments described herein. Furthermore, the shoe 100 comprises an upper 150 attached to the sole 100. As described in the embodiments above, the sole 101 of the embodiment in Figure 7 comprises a midsole 110 including an upper midsole layer 120 and a lower midsole layer 125. The sole 101 further comprises a shear structure 130 disposed on the midsole 110. The shear structure 130 is configured to allow relative movement between the upper midsole layer 120 and the lower midsole layer 125, preferably along the heel-toe axis HT. The shear structure 130 includes an upper shear structure 131 of the upper midsole layer 120 and a lower shear structure 136 of the lower midsole layer 125. The upper shear structure 131 and the lower shear structure 136 face each other.

[0281] Furthermore, one or more upper protrusions 132 and one or more lower protrusions 137 are shown in Figures 7 and 7a (not all protrusions are shown for brevity). In addition, the sole 101 includes a sole plate 140 positioned between the upper midsole layer 120 and the lower midsole layer 125. As best seen in Figure 7a, the sole plate 140 is visible from the outside of the shoe 100.

[0282] In any embodiment of the shoe sole 101 described herein, the upper midsole layer 120 may include a first material, and the lower midsole layer 125 may include a second material, wherein the first material is different from the second material, or the first material is substantially the same as the second material.

[0283] For example, the first and second materials can have different rigidities. This can improve the distribution of force between the sole 101 and the outsole and / or the ground.

[0284] As used herein, “stiffness” can be understood as hardness or modulus of elasticity. Stiffness can refer to a material’s ability to withstand deformation when a force is applied. Stiffness can describe how much a material bends or stretches in response to an applied load. Materials with higher stiffness may be less deformable under the same load compared to materials with lower stiffness. Stiffness is measured by Young’s modulus, which quantifies the relationship between stress (force per unit area) and strain (deformation). Stiffness can often be associated with a material’s ability to withstand bending or flexing while maintaining its shape.

[0285] In any of the embodiments of the sole 101 for shoes described herein, the midsole 110, particularly the upper midsole layer 120 and / or the lower midsole layer 125, comprises or consists of a particulate foam material, particularly particulate foam material comprising particles of expanded thermoplastic polyurethane (eTPU), expanded polyamide (ePA), expanded polyether block amide (ePEBA), and / or expanded thermoplastic polyester ether elastomer (eTPEE).

[0286] In any of the embodiments of the sole 101 for shoes described herein, the midsole 110, particularly the upper midsole layer 120 and / or the lower midsole layer 125, comprises or consists of a homogeneous foam material.

[0287] Homogeneous foam materials or homogeneous foams are known to those skilled in the art. In some cases, such foams are referred to as polymer foams, plastic foams. These foams are manufactured, for example, by injection molding or compression molding. When using a mold, typically a liquefied polymer material which may contain a blowing agent is placed in the mold cavity and the process of foaming the polymer material is carried out within the mold cavity. Homogeneous foams usually do not have a recognizable granular structure, i.e., there are no distinguishable particles within the finished foam.

[0288] On the other hand, particulate foam materials or particulate foams are different compared to homogeneous foams. To manufacture a particulate foam, in a first step, foam particles (or beads) are made from a foamed particulate substrate. Then, in a second step, these foam beads can be collected to form an agglomerated structure where individual particle boundaries are recognizable, i.e., clearly visible, in the finished foam. Foaming in this context means that each individual particle has a core of a foamed material having many small foam cells, i.e., the particles cannot be composed of a dense solid material.

[0289] It should be noted that, as will be understood by those skilled in the art, one or more embodiments and / or examples described herein may be combined with further aspects described herein, and details of embodiments and / or examples may be omitted. The scope of protection is determined by the claims and is not limited by the embodiments and / or examples disclosed in the drawings above. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0290] 100 shoes 101 shoe soles 102 Outer side of the midsole 103 Midsole (inner side) 106 Midsole centerline 110 Midsole 111 Midsole forefoot 111a Midsole lateral forefoot 111b Medial forefoot of the midsole 111c Midsole forefoot toe area 112 Midfoot of the midsole 112a Midsole lateral midfoot 112b Medial midfoot of the midsole 113 Rear foot of the midsole 120 Upper midsole layer 121 Protrusions on the upper midsole layer 125 Lower midsole layer 126. Indentation in the lower midsole layer 130 Shear structure 131 Upper shear structure 132 Upper projection 133 Upper recess 134 One or more sides of the upper and / or lower projections 135 Hollow space in shear structure 136 Lower shear structure 137 Lower protrusion 138 Lower recess 139. Sawtooth shape of shear structure w Distance between the upper and / or lower projections h height of one or more of the upper and / or lower protrusions I. Total length of shear structure 140 Soleplate 141 Top surface of the sole plate 142 Underside of the sole plate 143 Recess in the sole plate 144. Protrusions on the sole plate 145 Stop Elements 150 shoe upper HT sole heel-toe axis (longitudinal direction) ML sole medial-to-outer axis UD upward direction DD upward direction α Angle between the side of the sole and the medial-outer axis

Claims

1. It is a sole for shoes, and the sole is, A midsole comprising an upper midsole layer and a lower midsole layer, wherein the upper midsole layer and the lower midsole layer are at least partially separate from each other, Shear structure placed in the midsole and Equipped with, The shear structure includes an upper shear structure for the upper midsole layer and a lower shear structure for the lower midsole layer, with the upper shear structure and the lower shear structure facing each other. A sole plate is provided between the upper midsole layer and the lower midsole layer, and this sole plate is not provided between the upper shear structure and the lower shear structure. A shoe sole in which a shear structure is configured to allow relative movement between the upper and lower midsole layers.

2. The shoe sole according to claim 1, wherein the relative movement between the upper midsole layer and the lower midsole layer occurs within a plane defined by the medial-to-lateral axis (ML) and the heel-toe axis (HT) of the sole.

3. The shoe sole according to claim 1, wherein the shear structure is configured to allow relative movement between the upper midsole layer and the lower midsole layer in at least one of the forefoot, midfoot, rearfoot, outer, and inner portions of the midsole.

4. The shoe sole according to claim 1, wherein the upper shear structure and the lower shear structure are at least partially engaged with each other.

5. The shoe sole according to claim 1, wherein the upper shear structure and the lower shear structure are molded to be substantially corresponding to each other.

6. The shoe sole according to claim 1, wherein the upper shear structure and the lower shear structure engage with each other via a shape-fitting connection.

7. The shoe sole according to claim 1, wherein the upper shear structure is formed integrally with the upper midsole layer, and the lower shear structure is formed integrally with the lower midsole layer.

8. The upper shear structure includes one or more upper projections, the lower shear structure includes one or more lower recesses, and / or The shoe sole according to claim 1, wherein the lower shear structure includes one or more lower protrusions, and the upper shear structure includes one or more upper recesses.

9. One or more upper protrusions are at least partially housed in one or more lower recesses, and / or The shoe sole according to claim 8, wherein one or more lower protrusions are at least partially housed in one or more upper recesses.

10. The shoe sole according to claim 8, wherein one or more upper protrusions and / or one or more lower protrusions (137) are spaced apart (w) from each other when viewed in the horizontal plane of the sole.

11. The shoe sole according to claim 10, wherein one or more upper protrusions and / or one or more lower protrusions are spaced apart (w) from each other when viewed in the horizontal plane of the sole.

12. The shoe sole according to claim 8, wherein one or more upper protrusions and one or more upper recesses are arranged.

13. The shoe sole according to claim 8, wherein one or more upper protrusions and / or one or more lower protrusions have an elongated shape.

14. The shoe sole according to claim 8, wherein one or more upper protrusions and / or one or more lower protrusions have a shape, when viewed in the horizontal plane of the sole, that includes one or more line segments defined by a mathematical function.

15. The shoe sole according to claim 8, wherein one or more upper protrusions and / or one or more lower protrusions include one or more sides, the normal of the side being substantially parallel to the horizontal plane of the sole, and the side being inclined with respect to the medial-outer axis (ML) of the sole.

16. The shoe sole according to claim 8, wherein one or more upper protrusions and / or one or more lower protrusions have a maximum height (h) of at least 2 mm perpendicular to the horizontal plane of the sole.

17. The shoe sole according to claim 1, wherein the sole plate includes projections and / or recesses that engage with corresponding recesses and / or projections provided in the lower midsole layer and / or upper midsole layer.

18. The shoe sole according to claim 1, wherein the protrusions of the sole plate are at least partially hollow and / or at least partially filled with foam.

19. The sole for a shoe according to claim 1, wherein the sole plate is elongated and positioned along the heel-toe axis (HT), and the depressions and / or protrusions provided in the lower midsole layer and / or upper midsole layer are also elongated and positioned along the heel-toe axis (HT) of the sole.

20. The shoe sole according to claim 1, wherein the recesses and / or protrusions of the sole plate have a substantially semicircular or arched outer shape.

21. A stop element comprising a sole plate, the stop element being positioned obliquely to projections and / or recesses of the sole plate, shoe sole according to claim 1.

22. The shoe sole according to claim 1, wherein the sole plate extends along the entire length (I) of the shear structure when viewed at the heel-toe axis (HT) of the sole.

23. The shoe sole according to claim 1, wherein the shear structure includes a hollow space.

24. The shoe sole according to claim 1, wherein the shear structure includes a solid material.

25. The shoe sole according to claim 1, wherein the shear structure is at least partially visible when viewed from the outside.

26. The shoe sole according to claim 1, wherein the shear structure has a sawtooth shape when viewed from the outside.

27. The upper midsole layer comprises a first material, and the lower midsole layer comprises a second material. The first material is different from the second material, or The shoe sole according to claim 1, wherein the first material is substantially the same as the second material.

28. The shoe sole according to claim 1, wherein the midsole comprises or is composed of a particulate foam material comprising particles of foamed thermoplastic polyurethane (eTPU), particles of foamed polyamide (ePA), particles of foamed polyether block amide (ePEBA), and / or particles of foamed thermoplastic polyester ether elastomer (eTPEE).

29. The shoe sole according to claim 1, wherein the midsole contains or is composed of a homogeneous foam material.

30. The shoe sole according to claim 1, wherein a portion of the upper midsole layer and a portion of the lower midsole layer are fixedly attached to each other.

31. The shoe sole according to claim 1, wherein the sole further comprises an outsole positioned below the midsole.

32. Shoes, The shoe sole according to claim 1, The upper attached to the sole Shoes equipped with these features.

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