Method for manufacturing a breakwater, and a breakwater

Abstract

To provide a construction method of a breakwater capable of rigidly and easily installing and extending wave-receiving parts over a plurality of piles, and the breakwater.SOLUTION: A construction method of a breakwater comprises: an installation process of installing a plurality of piles in the ground; a covering process of covering each of the plurality of piles with cylindrical connection base parts; a connection process of connecting mesh wave-receiving parts so as to connect the connection base parts adjacent to each other; and an insertion process of inserting compression members to apply tension between the connection base parts and the piles.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a breakwater and a breakwater.

Background Art

[0002] Patent Documents 1 and 2 disclose breakwaters including a plurality of piles installed in the ground and wave receiving portions provided so as to connect adjacent piles. These breakwaters are constructed along a coastline or the like to suppress damage to the coastal area caused by waves.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0003]

Patent Document 1

Patent Document 2

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] In the breakwater structure of Patent Document 1, a circular sleeve is inserted into a pole, one end of a screen is sandwiched at the end of the sleeve, and it is fixed using a clamping member such as a hand clamp. By this procedure, the pole and the sleeve, and the sleeve and the screen are firmly fixed respectively. However, when a load such as a tsunami is applied to the screen, the load cannot be sufficiently transferred to the pole, stress concentrates on the fixing portion of the screen and the sleeve, and there is a risk that the screen will be torn. In the breakwater of Patent Document 2, it takes time to construct a steel sheet pile wall for preventing the surrounding of the pile material from being washed out and an upper and lower connecting body for covering the upper and lower portions of the belt-like body. Furthermore, there were no components or methods to apply tension to the strip-shaped material installed between the piles and keep it in place. In practice, this meant that it was impossible to address discrepancies in the spacing between the installed piles. Thus, applying appropriate tension to the strip-shaped material that acts as the wave-receiving section while extending it across multiple piles required considerable cost and effort.

[0005] This invention has been made in consideration of these circumstances and aims to provide a method for manufacturing a breakwater, and a breakwater, that allows for the secure and easy installation of a wave-receiving section across multiple piles, and that can also be easily extended. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] To solve the above problems, Embodiment 1 of the present invention is a method for manufacturing a breakwater, comprising: an installation step of installing a plurality of piles in the ground; a covering step of covering each of the plurality of piles with a cylindrical connecting base; a connecting step of connecting mesh-like wave receiving parts so as to connect adjacent connecting bases; and an insertion step of inserting a compression member to apply tension between the connecting base and the pile.

[0007] According to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, by performing the installation process, covering process, connecting process, and insertion process, the wave-receiving section can be firmly and easily installed across multiple piles, and extension can also be easily carried out. Furthermore, even after the breakwater has been constructed, by performing the above-described processes at a location adjacent to the constructed breakwater, further extension of the breakwater can be easily carried out.

[0008] Furthermore, aspect 2 of the present invention is a method for manufacturing a breakwater according to aspect 1, wherein the connecting base includes a plurality of rings arranged at intervals in the longitudinal direction of the pile.

[0009] Furthermore, aspect 3 of the present invention is a method for manufacturing a breakwater according to aspect 2, further comprising an attachment step of attaching a plurality of connecting fittings having through holes formed in each of the plurality of ring portions, wherein the wave-receiving portion includes a plurality of first strip-shaped bodies extending to connect adjacent connecting base portions and a plurality of second strip-shaped bodies extending to intersect with the plurality of first strip-shaped bodies, and both ends of the first strip-shaped bodies are provided with bent portions in which the first strip-shaped bodies are bent into an annular shape, and in the connection step, the connecting base portion and the wave-receiving portion are connected by inserting an insertion member into the plurality of bent portions and the plurality of through holes, wherein the method for manufacturing a breakwater is a method for manufacturing a breakwater.

[0010] To solve the above problems, aspect 4 of the present invention is a breakwater comprising: a plurality of piles installed in the ground; a cylindrical connecting base placed over each of the plurality of piles; a mesh-like wave receiving portion connected to connect adjacent connecting bases; and a compression member inserted between the connecting base and the pile to apply tension, wherein the wave receiving portion includes a plurality of first strip-shaped bodies extending to connect adjacent connecting bases and a plurality of second strip-shaped bodies extending to intersect with the plurality of first strip-shaped bodies, and both ends of the first strip-shaped bodies are provided with bent portions in which the first strip-shaped bodies are bent into an annular shape, the connecting base includes a plurality of ring-shaped bodies arranged at intervals in the longitudinal direction of the pile, and a plurality of connecting fittings having through holes are attached to each of the plurality of ring-shaped bodies, and the connecting base and the wave receiving portion are connected by inserting the through members into the plurality of bent portions and the plurality of through holes.

[0011] According to the above embodiment of the present invention, the wave-receiving section can be firmly and easily installed across multiple piles, and can also be easily extended.

[0012] Furthermore, in embodiment 5 of the present invention, in the breakwater of embodiment 4, when the direction in which the wave-receiving surface of the wave-receiving portion faces is referred to as the front, and the direction opposite to the front is referred to as the rear, the plurality of first strip-shaped bodies are located rearward of the plurality of second strip-shaped bodies.

[0013] Moreover, in the breakwater according to Aspect 6 of the present invention, the wave receiving portion further includes a plurality of third strip-shaped bodies, and each of the plurality of third strip-shaped bodies is arranged between two adjacent first strip-shaped bodies in the direction in which the second strip-shaped body extends and extends substantially parallel to the first strip-shaped body, which is a breakwater.

[0014] Moreover, in the breakwater according to Aspect 7 of the present invention, at both ends of the third strip-shaped body, a second bent portion in which the third strip-shaped body is bent in a ring shape is provided, and the insertion member is also inserted into the second bent portion, which is a breakwater.

Advantages of the Invention

[0015] According to the above aspects of the present invention, it is possible to provide a method for manufacturing a breakwater in which a wave receiving portion can be firmly and easily installed over a plurality of piles and can also be easily extended, and a breakwater.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0016] [Figure 1] It is a diagram showing a breakwater according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] It is a diagram showing an enlarged part of a breakwater according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 3A] It is a cross-sectional view taken along line III-III shown in FIG. 2, showing the state before operating the separation mechanism according to the present embodiment. [Figure 3B] It is a cross-sectional view taken along line III-III shown in FIG. 2, showing the state after operating the separation mechanism according to the present embodiment. [Figure 4] It is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV shown in FIG. 2. [Figure 5] It is a cross-sectional view taken along line V-V shown in FIG. 2.

Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0017] (Breakwater) Hereinafter, a breakwater according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described based on the drawings. The breakwater 1 according to this embodiment is constructed, for example, along the coastline. The breakwater 1 prevents damage to the coastal area caused by large waves, high tides, or tsunamis due to typhoons or the like. However, the breakwater 1 may be constructed along a river or the like.

[0018] As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the breakwater 1 according to this embodiment includes a plurality of piles 10, a plurality of connecting bases 20, a plurality of wave receiving portions 30, and a plurality of compression members 40. The plurality of piles 10 are arranged at predetermined intervals along the coastline or the like. Each pile 10 is installed in the ground G. The wave receiving portion 30 is disposed between adjacent piles 10. In this embodiment, a single compression member 40 is provided for each of the multiple connecting bases 20. As shown in FIG. 2, the wave receiving portion 30 has a wave receiving surface 30a that faces the sea or the like and receives waves.

[0019] (Direction definition) Here, in this embodiment, the longitudinal direction (vertical direction) of each pile 10 is referred to as the vertical direction Z. The direction in which the plurality of piles 10 are arranged is referred to as the extending direction X. The direction orthogonal to both the vertical direction Z and the extending direction X is referred to as the front-rear direction Y. The front-rear direction Y is also the direction orthogonal to the wave receiving surface 30a. Along the vertical direction Z, the direction in which the pile 10 extends from the ground G is referred to as the +Z direction or the upward direction. The direction opposite to the +Z direction is referred to as the -Z direction or the downward direction. One direction along the extending direction X is referred to as the +X direction or the rightward direction. The direction opposite to the +X direction is referred to as the -X direction or the leftward direction. Along the front-rear direction Y, the direction in which the wave receiving surface 30a faces is referred to as the +Y direction, the front direction, or the front side. The direction opposite to the +Y direction is referred to as the -Y direction, the rear direction, or the back side. That is, the sea (river) side as viewed from the breakwater 1 is the +Y side, and the land side is the -Y side.

[0020] As the pile 10, for example, a steel pipe pile having an O-shaped cross section can be used. However, the material of the pile 10 does not have to be steel, and may be, for example, concrete or the like. As shown in FIG. 2, the outer shape of the pile 10 is, for example, substantially circular in a cross-sectional view perpendicular to the vertical direction Z. However, the term "substantially circular" includes cases where it can be regarded as circular if manufacturing errors are removed.

[0021] As shown in Figure 1, the pile 10 according to this embodiment is fixed to the ground G by a portion of it penetrating into the ground G. In other words, the pile 10 according to this embodiment has a penetrating portion 11 located within the ground G and an exposed portion 12 exposed above the ground G. Methods for inserting the pile 10 into the ground G include, for example, press-in, impact, vibration, drilling, etc. However, the method of installing the pile 10 can be changed as appropriate, as long as the pile 10 can be fixed to the ground G.

[0022] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, each connecting base 20 has a cylindrical shape and is placed over the pile 10 (exposed portion 12). The connecting base 20 is made of, for example, fiber. As shown in Figure 2, the connecting base 20 according to this embodiment includes a plurality of ring portions 21 and a pair of connecting bands 22.

[0023] The ring portion 21 in this embodiment is formed by fixing both ends of a single strip-shaped member by sewing or the like to create an annular shape. As shown in Figures 1 and 2, in each connecting base portion 20, multiple ring portions 21 are arranged at equal intervals in the vertical direction Z (the longitudinal direction of the pile 10). The number of ring portions 21 can be changed as appropriate, as long as it is two or more. Also, the spacing between the ring portions 21 can be changed as appropriate, and they do not have to be at equal intervals.

[0024] Each connecting band 22 extends in the vertical direction Z. The connecting bands 22 and each ring portion 21 are fixed together, for example, by sutures. In this way, the connecting bands 22 connect multiple ring portions 21 and maintain the spacing between the ring portions 21 in the vertical direction Z. As shown in Figure 2, in this embodiment, a pair of connecting bands 22 are provided symmetrically so as to sandwich the pile 10 in the radial direction (see also Figure 5). The number and position of the connecting bands 22, as well as the method of fixing the ring portions 21 and the connecting bands 22, can be changed as appropriate, as long as the spacing between the ring portions 21 can be maintained.

[0025] As shown in Figure 2, the compression member 40 is inserted between the connecting base 20 and the pile 10 (exposed portion 12). The compression member 40 is interposed between the connecting base 20 and the pile 10 in the radial direction of the pile 10. The compression member 40 applies tension (pressure) to the connecting base 20 (ring portion 21) toward the radially outward direction of the pile 10, and plays a role in fixing the connecting base 20 to the pile 10. The compression member 40 in this embodiment has a hollow rod shape extending in the vertical direction Z, and is also referred to as a tension bar.

[0026] Furthermore, the compression member 40 according to this embodiment is provided with a plurality of separation mechanisms 60. The separation mechanisms 60 are mechanisms for separating the compression member 40 from the pile 10 and for applying stronger tension between the pile 10 and the connecting base 20. In this embodiment, each separation mechanism 60 is positioned differently from the ring portion 21 in the vertical direction Z.

[0027] As shown in Figure 3A, the separation mechanism 60 according to this embodiment includes a base 61, a screw member 62, and a receiving portion 63. The base 61 is fixed to the compression member 40. The base 61 and the compression member 40 may be formed integrally or separately. The screw member 62 includes a screw portion 62b with a helical projection formed on its outer circumference and a head 62a with a larger diameter than the screw portion 62b. The base 61 has a hole 61a that opens toward the rear and a screw hole 61b that penetrates from the front end of the base 61 into the hole 61a. A helical groove is formed on the inner circumference of the screw hole 61b that engages with the outer circumference of the screw portion 62b. The screw member 62 is screwed into the screw hole 61b such that the head 62a is located inside the hole 61a. The receiving portion 63 contacts the rear surface of the pile 10. A bearing 63a is formed on the front surface of the receiving portion 63, which rotatably holds the tip of the screw member 62 (screw portion 62b).

[0028] As shown in Figure 3B, the operator can activate the separation mechanism 60 by rotating the head 62a by inserting a tool into the hole 61a and screwing the threaded portion 62b into the screw hole 61b. That is, when the threaded portion 62b is screwed into the screw hole 61b, the base 61 and the compression member 40 fixed to the base 61 move in a direction away from the pile 10 (in the -Y direction) as the threaded member 62 is screwed in. As a result, the compression member 40 applies a large tension between the pile 10 and the connecting base 20 (ring portion 21), allowing the connecting base 20 to be firmly fixed to the pile 10.

[0029] In the illustrated example, the compression member 40 is positioned behind the pile 10, but the position of the compression member 40 can be changed as appropriate. Furthermore, multiple compression members 40 may be provided for a single pile 10. Also, as long as the compression member 40 applies sufficient tension to the connecting base 20 and secures the connecting base 20 to the pile 10, the configuration of the compression member 40 and the separation mechanism 60 can be changed as appropriate, and the separation mechanism 60 may be omitted.

[0030] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the wave receiving section 30 has a mesh-like shape. The wave receiving section 30 is made of, for example, fiber. As will be described in detail later, the wave receiving section 30 is connected to the connecting base 20 so as to connect adjacent connecting bases 20.

[0031] As shown in Figure 1, the outer shape of the wave receiving section 30 according to this embodiment substantially coincides with a rectangle having sides extending in the stretching direction X and sides extending in the front-rear direction Y. The phrase "substantially coincides with a rectangle" includes cases where it can be considered to coincide with a rectangle if manufacturing errors and deflection due to gravity are ignored. As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the wave receiving section 30 according to this embodiment includes a plurality of first strip-shaped bodies 31, a plurality of second strip-shaped bodies 32, and a plurality of third strip-shaped bodies 33.

[0032] The first strip-shaped body 31 extends to connect adjacent piles 10. In other words, the first strip-shaped body 31 extends approximately parallel to the extension direction X. Similarly, the third strip-shaped body 33 extends approximately parallel to the extension direction X to connect adjacent piles 10. The second strip-shaped body 32 extends to intersect with the first strip-shaped body 31 and the third strip-shaped body 33. In this embodiment, the second strip-shaped body 32 extends approximately parallel to the vertical direction Z. The second strip-shaped body 32 is spaced apart in the extension direction X. Note that the term "approximately parallel" includes cases where they can be considered parallel if manufacturing errors and deflection due to gravity are ignored. In this embodiment, the third strip-shaped body 33 is positioned between two adjacent first strip-shaped body 31 in the direction in which the second strip-shaped body 32 extends. In other words, in this embodiment, the first strip-shaped body 31 and the third strip-shaped body 33 are arranged alternately in the vertical direction Z. Furthermore, there is a gap between the adjacent first strip-shaped body 31 and the third strip-shaped body 33 in the vertical direction Z.

[0033] In this embodiment, each first band 31 extends so as to intersect with all of the second bands 32. Similarly, each third band 33 extends so as to intersect with all of the second bands 32. Also, each second band 32 extends so as to intersect with all of the first bands 31 and all of the third bands 33. Each first band 31 and each second band 32, and each third band 33 and each second band 32 are fixed to each other, for example, by sutures.

[0034] Furthermore, there may be pairs of first and second strips 31 and 32 that do not intersect each other. Similarly, there may be pairs of third strips 33 and second strips 32 that do not intersect each other. Also, the direction in which the first strip 31 and second strip 32, or the first strip 31 and third strip 33 intersect may or may not be perpendicular. The first strips 31 do not have to be approximately parallel to each other, the second strips 32 do not have to be approximately parallel to each other, and the first strips 31 and third strips 33 do not have to be approximately parallel to each other.

[0035] As shown in Figure 2, the first strip-shaped body 31 has bent portions 31a at both ends in the stretching direction X, where the first strip-shaped body 31 is folded into an annular shape (see also Figure 5). Similarly, the third strip-shaped body 33 has second bent portions 33a at both ends in the stretching direction X, where the third strip-shaped body 33 is folded into an annular shape. In addition, the second strip-shaped body 32 has loops 32a at both ends in the front-rear direction Y, where the second strip-shaped body 32 is folded into an annular shape. Of the multiple first strip-shaped bodies 31, the two first strip-shaped bodies 31 located at both ends in the front-rear direction Y are inserted through the loops 32a of the second strip-shaped body 32 (see also Figure 1).

[0036] The following describes the configuration for connecting the wave receiving section 30 and the connecting base section 20.

[0037] As shown in Figure 2, a connecting fitting 50 is attached to each of the multiple ring portions 21 according to this embodiment. As shown in Figure 4, the connecting fitting 50 according to this embodiment has a U-shape. More specifically, the connecting fitting 50 has a cylindrical extension portion 51 extending in the vertical direction Z, and a pair of extension portions 52 extending in the extension direction X from both ends of the extension portion 51. The extension portion 51 is sandwiched between the ring portion 21 of the connecting base portion 20 and the pile 10 (exposed portion 12). This fixes the connecting fitting 50 to the ring portion 21. An insertion hole 52a is formed at the tip of the extension portion 52, penetrating the extension portion 52 in the vertical direction Z.

[0038] As shown in Figure 4, in each of the multiple connecting fittings 50 attached to the multiple ring portions 21, one end of the first strip-shaped body 31 is positioned between a pair of extension portions 52. In other words, in this embodiment, the multiple ring portions 21 and the multiple first strip-shaped bodies 31 are connected in a one-to-one relationship (see also Figures 1 and 2). Furthermore, the positions of each first strip-shaped body 31 and each ring portion 21 in the vertical direction Z are approximately the same. However, the phrase "approximately the same" includes cases where they can be considered to be the same if manufacturing errors and deflection due to gravity are ignored.

[0039] As shown in Figure 5, one end of the first strip-shaped body 31 is positioned between a pair of extensions 52, so that the bent portion 31a of each first strip-shaped body 31 and the insertion hole 52a of each connecting fitting 50 overlap in the vertical direction Z. In the breakwater 1 according to this embodiment, the first strip-shaped body 31 and the ring portion 21 are connected by inserting a rod-shaped insertion member 70 through these multiple bent portions 31a and multiple insertion holes 52a. This connects the wave-receiving portion 30 and the connecting base portion 20.

[0040] In the example shown in Figure 1, the insertion member 70 is a single rod-shaped member extending from the uppermost first strip-shaped body 31 to the lowermost first strip-shaped body 31, but the configuration of the insertion member 70 is not limited to this. For example, the insertion member 70 may include a plurality of rod-shaped members intermittently provided in the vertical direction Z. More specifically, one rod-shaped member may be provided for each set of one bent portion 31a and one connecting fitting 50, and each set may be connected by another rod-shaped member. Alternatively, the insertion member 70 may be a wire-like member such as a steel wire.

[0041] Because the first strip-shaped body 31 is connected to the ring-shaped body 21, the wave force received by the wave-receiving body 30 is transmitted to the pile 10 via the first strip-shaped body 31, the insertion member 70, the connecting fitting 50, and the connecting base 20. Furthermore, the transmitted wave force is released into the ground G via the pile 10. In other words, the breakwater 1 can release a portion of the wave energy received by the wave-receiving body 30 into the ground G via the pile 10. Therefore, the breakwater 1 can attenuate the wave energy and suppress damage to coastal areas caused by waves. In addition, by releasing the wave energy into the ground G, it is possible to suppress the concentration of stress in the wave-receiving body 30 when the breakwater 1 is subjected to waves. This suppresses cracking of the wave-receiving body 30 due to the load of waves. In other words, it is possible to realize a strong breakwater 1 that is less susceptible to damage from waves.

[0042] Here, as shown in Figure 2, the first strip-shaped body 31 in this embodiment is positioned behind the second strip-shaped body 32, except for the loop 32a. More specifically, at each of the points where the multiple first strip-shaped bodies 31 and the multiple second strip-shaped bodies 32 intersect when viewed from the front-rear direction Y (hereinafter referred to as the intersection points), the first strip-shaped body 31 is positioned behind the second strip-shaped body 32. With this configuration, for example, compared to the case where the first strip-shaped body 31 is positioned in front of the second strip-shaped body 32 at each intersection point, the wave force applied to each second strip-shaped body 32 can be transferred to the first strip-shaped body 31 more reliably. In other words, the wave force applied to the second strip-shaped body 32 can be more easily received by the first strip-shaped body 31 at each intersection point. Therefore, the wave force applied to the second strip-shaped body 32 can be transmitted more reliably to the pile 10 via the first strip-shaped body 31 connected to the ring portion 21.

[0043] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the insertion member 70 is also inserted into the second bent portion 33a of the third strip-shaped body 33 (see Figure 2). In other words, both the first strip-shaped body 31 and the third strip-shaped body 33 are fixed to the insertion member 70. As a result, the wave force received by the wave receiving portion 30 is transmitted to the pile 10 not only from the first strip-shaped body 31 but also from the third strip-shaped body 33 via the insertion member 70. Therefore, the wave energy received by the wave receiving portion 30 can be more reliably released into the ground G.

[0044] The third band 33 may be located in front of the second band 32, or it may be located behind the second band 32. Alternatively, the third band 33 located in front of the second band 32 and the third band 33 located behind the second band 32 may be arranged alternately in the vertical direction Z. Furthermore, within the same third band 33, a configuration may be adopted in which the third band 33 is located behind the second band 32 at one intersection and in front of the second band 32 at another intersection. In other words, the positional relationship between the second band 32 and the third band 33 can be changed as appropriate.

[0045] (Method of manufacturing breakwaters) Next, an example of a manufacturing method (construction method) for the breakwater 1 constructed as described above will be explained.

[0046] The manufacturing method of the breakwater 1 according to this embodiment includes, for example, an installation step, a covering step, an attachment step, a connecting step, and an insertion step.

[0047] The installation process involves installing multiple piles 10 into the ground G. In the installation process, for example, multiple piles 10 are driven into the ground G at predetermined intervals along the coastline or the like. As mentioned above, methods for driving the piles 10 into the ground G include, for example, press-in, impact, vibration, drilling, etc. However, the installation method of the piles 10 can be changed as appropriate, as long as the piles 10 can be fixed to the ground G.

[0048] Next, the covering process is performed. The covering process involves placing the connecting base 20 over each pile 10. More specifically, by placing the connecting base 20 over the pile 10 from above, the pile 10 (exposed portion 12) is inserted through all of the multiple ring portions 21 of the connecting base 20. In the covering process, the connecting base 20 may be temporarily suspended (temporarily fixed) with a suspension member (not shown) or the like to prevent it from buckling due to gravity. The suspension member or the like may be removed at an appropriate timing after the insertion process.

[0049] Next, the installation process is carried out. The installation process involves attaching the aforementioned connecting fittings 50 to each of the multiple ring portions 21. As shown in Figure 5, two connecting fittings 50 are attached to each ring portion 21. However, only one connecting fitting 50 may be attached to the ring portions 21 provided on the piles 10 located at both ends of the breakwater 1. The installation process may be carried out prior to the covering process.

[0050] After both the mounting process and the covering process are completed, a connecting process is performed. The connecting process is the process of connecting the aforementioned wave receiving portions 30 so as to connect adjacent connecting base portions 20. In the connecting process according to this embodiment, the wave receiving portions 30 and the connecting base portions 20 are connected by inserting the insertion members 70 through the aforementioned multiple bent portions 31a and multiple insertion holes 52a.

[0051] Next, the insertion process is performed. The insertion process involves inserting a compression member 40 to apply tension between the connecting base 20 and the pile 10. The insertion process fixes the connecting base 20 to the pile 10. In the insertion process according to this embodiment, after inserting the compression member 40 between the connecting base 20 and the pile 10, the separation mechanism 60 is also operated. This allows tension to be applied to the connecting base 20 more reliably, and the connecting base 20 to the pile 10 can be reliably fixed. Furthermore, the tension applied to the wave receiving portion 30 can be adjusted by adjusting the strength of the tension applied by the compression member 40 to the connecting base 20 using the separation mechanism 60. In other words, the compression member 40 (and separation mechanism 60) according to this embodiment can also play a role in adjusting the tension of the wave receiving portion 30. Note that the insertion process may be performed prior to the connection process, provided that both the covering process and the mounting process have been completed.

[0052] Next, the manufacturing method of the breakwater 1 constructed as described above, and the operation of the breakwater 1 will be explained.

[0053] Patent documents 1 and 2 disclose a breakwater comprising a plurality of piles installed in the ground and wave-receiving sections provided to connect adjacent piles. The breakwater structure described in Patent Document 1 involves inserting a circular sleeve into a pole, clamping one end of the screen onto the end of the sleeve, and securing it using a clamping member such as a hand clamp. While this procedure firmly secures the pole to the sleeve and the sleeve to the screen, if a load such as a tsunami is applied to the screen, the load cannot be adequately transferred to the pole, causing stress to concentrate at the fixing point between the screen and the sleeve, which may tear the screen. In the breakwater described in Patent Document 2, the construction of steel sheet pile walls to prevent erosion around the piles and the construction of upper and lower connecting bodies to cover the upper and lower parts of the strip-shaped structure are time-consuming. Furthermore, there were no components or methods to apply tension to the strip-shaped material installed between the piles and keep it in place. In practice, this meant that it was impossible to address discrepancies in the spacing between the installed piles. Thus, applying appropriate tension to the strip-shaped material that acts as the wave-receiving section while extending it across multiple piles required considerable cost and effort.

[0054] In contrast, according to the breakwater 1 and its manufacturing method according to this embodiment, by performing the above-described steps, the wave-receiving section 30 can be firmly and easily installed across multiple piles 10, and extension can also be easily carried out. Furthermore, even after the breakwater 1 has been constructed, by performing the above-described steps at a location adjacent to the constructed breakwater 1, further extension of the breakwater 1 can be easily carried out.

[0055] Furthermore, according to the breakwater 1 and the manufacturing method of the breakwater 1 according to this embodiment, the constructed breakwater 1 can be easily removed when it is no longer needed. In other words, the breakwater 1 can be easily removed by removing the insertion member 70 from the wave receiving portion 30 and the connecting fitting 50 to remove the wave receiving portion 30, removing the compression member 40 to remove the connecting base portion 20 from the pile 10, and then pulling the pile 10 out of the ground G.

[0056] As described above, the manufacturing method of the breakwater 1 according to this embodiment comprises an installation step of installing a plurality of piles 10 in the ground G, a covering step of covering each of the plurality of piles 10 with a cylindrical connecting base 20, a connecting step of connecting mesh-like wave receiving parts 30 so as to connect adjacent connecting bases 20, and an insertion step of inserting a compression member 40 to apply tension between the connecting base 20 and the piles 10.

[0057] This configuration allows the wave-receiving section 30 to be firmly and easily installed across multiple piles 10, and also facilitates extension. Furthermore, even after the breakwater 1 has been constructed, the above-mentioned steps can be performed at a location adjacent to the constructed breakwater 1, making further extension of the breakwater 1 easy.

[0058] Furthermore, the connecting base 20 includes a plurality of ring portions 21 that are spaced apart in the longitudinal direction of the pile 10. This configuration makes the connecting base 20 lighter and facilitates the extension of the breakwater 1.

[0059] Furthermore, the manufacturing method of the breakwater 1 according to this embodiment further includes an attachment step of attaching a plurality of connecting fittings 50, each having an insertion hole 52a, to each of the plurality of ring portions 21. The wave receiving portion 30 includes a plurality of first strip-shaped bodies 31 extending to connect adjacent connecting base portions 20, and a plurality of second strip-shaped bodies 32 extending to intersect with the plurality of first strip-shaped bodies 31. Both ends of the first strip-shaped bodies 31 are provided with bent portions 31a, where the first strip-shaped bodies 31 are bent into an annular shape. In the connection step, the connecting base portions 20 and the wave receiving portion 30 are connected by inserting an insertion member 70 through the plurality of bent portions 31a and the plurality of insertion holes 52a. This configuration makes it easy to connect the connecting base portions 20 and the wave receiving portion 30.

[0060] Furthermore, the breakwater 1 according to this embodiment comprises a plurality of piles 10 installed in the ground, a cylindrical connecting base 20 placed over each of the plurality of piles 10, a mesh-like wave receiving section 30 connected to connect adjacent connecting bases 20, and a compression member 40 inserted between the connecting bases 20 and the piles 10 to apply tension, wherein the wave receiving section 30 comprises a plurality of first strip-shaped bodies 31 extending to connect adjacent connecting bases 20, and a plurality of second strip-shaped bodies 32 extending to intersect with the plurality of first strip-shaped bodies 31, The first strip-shaped body 31 has bent portions 31a at both ends where the first strip-shaped body 31 is bent into an annular shape. The connecting base 20 includes a plurality of ring portions 21 that are spaced apart in the longitudinal direction of the pile 10, and a plurality of connecting fittings 50, each having an insertion hole 52a, are attached to each of the plurality of ring portions 21. The connecting base 20 and the wave receiving portion 30 are connected by inserting the insertion member 70 through the plurality of bent portions 31a and the plurality of insertion holes 52a.

[0061] This configuration allows the wave-receiving section 30 to be firmly and easily installed across multiple piles 10, and can also be easily extended.

[0062] Furthermore, when the direction in which the wave-receiving surface 30a of the wave-receiving section 30 faces is referred to as the forward direction, and the direction opposite to the forward direction is referred to as the rearward direction, the multiple first strip-shaped bodies 31 are positioned rearward of the multiple second strip-shaped bodies 32. With this configuration, for example, compared to the case where the first strip-shaped bodies 31 are positioned in front of the second strip-shaped bodies 32, the first strip-shaped bodies 31 are more likely to receive the wave force applied to the second strip-shaped bodies 32. Therefore, the wave force applied to the second strip-shaped bodies 32 can be transmitted more reliably to the pile 10 via the first strip-shaped bodies 31 connected to the ring section 21.

[0063] Furthermore, the wave-receiving section 30 further includes a plurality of third strip-shaped bodies 33, each of which is positioned between two adjacent first strip-shaped bodies 31 in the direction in which the second strip-shaped body 32 extends, and extends substantially parallel to the first strip-shaped bodies 31. This configuration allows for adjustment of the opening ratio of the wave-receiving section 30.

[0064] Furthermore, the third strip-shaped body 33 is provided with second bent portions 33a at both ends, where the third strip-shaped body 33 is bent into an annular shape, and the insertion member 70 is also inserted through the second bent portions 33a. With this configuration, the wave force received by the wave receiving portion 30 is transmitted to the pile 10 not only from the first strip-shaped body 31 but also from the third strip-shaped body 33 via the insertion member 70. Therefore, the wave energy can be more reliably attenuated by the breakwater 1.

[0065] The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention.

[0066] For example, although the external shape of the pile 10 was described as being approximately circular in the above embodiment, the shape of the pile 10 can be changed as appropriate. However, the configuration in which the external shape of the pile 10 is approximately circular is preferable in that the transmission of force from the connecting base 20 to the pile 10 is less likely to be concentrated locally, and the transfer of wave force from the connecting base 20 to the pile 10 can be reliably performed.

[0067] Furthermore, the insertion member 70 does not have to be inserted into the second bent portion 33a of the third strip-shaped body 33. In other words, the third strip-shaped body 33 does not have to be fixed to the insertion member 70. Also, the wave receiving portion 30 does not have to include the third strip-shaped body 33.

[0068] Furthermore, although it has been explained that in the above embodiment, the multiple first strip-shaped bodies 31 and the multiple ring-shaped portions 21 are connected in a one-to-one relationship, the configuration of the breakwater 1 is not limited to this. For example, multiple first strip-shaped bodies 31 may be connected to one ring-shaped portion 21. In this case, the configuration of the connecting fitting 50 may be appropriately modified so that multiple first strip-shaped bodies 31 can be connected to one ring-shaped portion 21.

[0069] Furthermore, as long as the connecting base 20 and the wave receiving portion 30 can be connected, the configuration of the connecting base 20, wave receiving portion 30, connecting fitting 50, and insertion member 70 can be changed as appropriate.

[0070] Furthermore, without departing from the spirit of the present invention, the components in the above-described embodiments may be replaced with well-known components as appropriate, and the above-described embodiments and modifications may be combined as appropriate. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0071] 1…Breakwater 10…Pile 20…Connecting base 21…Ring section 30…Wave receiving section 31…First strip 31a…Bent section 32…Second strip 33…Third strip 33a…Second bent section 40…Compression member 50…Connecting fitting 52a…Through hole G…Ground

Claims

1. The installation process involves setting multiple piles into the ground, A covering step in which a cylindrical connecting base is placed over each of the aforementioned plurality of piles, A connecting step of connecting a mesh-like wave receiving section so as to connect adjacent connecting bases, The system includes an insertion step of inserting a compression member to apply tension between the connecting base and the pile, The connecting base includes a plurality of ring portions arranged at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the pile, A method for manufacturing a breakwater, wherein in the insertion step, the compression member is inserted into each of the connecting bases so as to apply the tension to the plurality of ring portions.

2. The process further includes attaching a plurality of connecting fittings, each having an insertion hole, to each of the plurality of ring portions, The wave receiving portion includes a plurality of first strip-shaped bodies extending to connect adjacent connecting bases, and a plurality of second strip-shaped bodies extending to intersect with the plurality of first strip-shaped bodies. Both ends of the first strip-shaped body are provided with folded portions formed by folding the first strip-shaped body into a ring shape. The method for manufacturing a breakwater according to claim 1, wherein in the connection step, the connecting base and the wave receiving portion are connected by inserting an insertion member into a plurality of the bent portions and a plurality of the insertion holes.

3. Multiple piles installed in the ground, A cylindrical connecting base is placed over each of the aforementioned multiple piles, A mesh-like wave receiving section connected so as to connect adjacent connecting bases, The system comprises a compression member inserted between the connecting base and the pile to apply tension, The wave receiving portion includes a plurality of first strip-shaped bodies extending to connect adjacent connecting bases, and a plurality of second strip-shaped bodies extending to intersect with the plurality of first strip-shaped bodies. Both ends of the first strip-shaped body are provided with folded portions formed by folding the first strip-shaped body into a ring shape. The connecting base includes a plurality of ring portions arranged at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the pile, Each of the aforementioned ring portions is fitted with a plurality of connecting fittings having through holes formed therein. The connecting base and the wave receiving portion are connected by inserting the insertion member through the multiple bent portions and the multiple insertion holes. A breakwater in which the compression member is inserted into the plurality of ring portions so as to apply the tension.

4. When the direction in which the wave-receiving surface of the wave-receiving portion faces is referred to as the forward direction, and the direction opposite to the forward direction is referred to as the rear direction, The breakwater according to claim 3, wherein the plurality of first strip-shaped bodies are located behind the plurality of second strip-shaped bodies.

5. The wave receiving portion further includes a plurality of third band-shaped bodies, The breakwater according to claim 3 or 4, wherein each of the plurality of third strip-shaped bodies is positioned between two adjacent first strip-shaped bodies in the direction in which the second strip-shaped body extends and extends substantially parallel to the first strip-shaped body.

6. At both ends of the third strip-shaped body, there are second bent portions formed by folding the third strip-shaped body into a ring shape. The breakwater according to claim 5, wherein the insertion member is also inserted through the second bent portion.

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