Terminals, wireless communication methods, base stations and systems

Abstract

A terminal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure has: a control unit that, on the basis of at least one of a specific maximum output power, a resource amount used in one or more first uplink transmissions, and a first transmission power used in the one or more first uplink transmissions, determines an upper limit for second transmission power in a second uplink transmission; and a transmission unit that performs the second uplink transmission using the second transmission power. This embodiment of the present disclosure makes it possible to improve UL transmission coverage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to a terminal, a wireless communication method, and a base station in a next-generation mobile communication system. 、 base station and system in the next-generation mobile communication system.

Background Art

[0002] In a Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) network, Long Term Evolution (LTE) was specified for the purpose of further high data rates, low latency, etc. (Non-Patent Document 1). Also, for the purpose of further large capacity and sophistication of LTE (Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Release (Rel.) 8, 9), LTE-Advanced (3GPP Rel. 10-14) was specified.

[0003] Successor systems to LTE (for example, also referred to as 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 5G+ (plus), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), New Radio (NR), 3GPP Rel. 15 and later, etc.) are also being considered.

Prior Art Documents

Non-Patent Documents

[0004]

Non-Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0005] In future wireless communication systems (e.g., NR), improvement of coverage is being considered.

[0006] However, it is not clear about the nominal maximum output power / evaluation period / power class for uplink (UL) transmission. If the nominal maximum output power / evaluation period / power class is not sufficiently studied, there is a risk of causing reduction of coverage, deterioration of communication quality, reduction of throughput, etc.

[0007] Therefore, one object of the present disclosure is to provide a terminal, a wireless communication method 、 base station and system for improving the coverage of UL transmission.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0008] <000011z>A terminal according to one aspect of the present disclosure includes a control unit that determines an upper limit of a second transmission power for a second uplink transmission based on at least one of a specific maximum output power, an amount of resources used for one or more first uplink transmissions, and a first transmission power used for the one or more first uplink transmissions, and a transmission unit that performs the second uplink transmission using the second transmission power. The control unit then determines the available energy based on the specified maximum output power within a specific period, and determines the upper limit within the specific period based on the available energy. to do.

Effects of the Invention

[0009] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, the coverage of UL transmission can be improved.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0010] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 shows an example of the relationship between UE power class and nominal maximum output power. [Figure 2] FIGS. 2A and 2B show an example of Embodiment #2. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 shows an example of Embodiment #3-1. [Figure 4] Figure 4 shows an example of the metrics for Embodiment #3-2. [Figure 5] Figures 5A to 5C show an example of the evaluation period for Embodiment #3-2. [Figure 6] Figure 6 shows Example 1 of Embodiment #3-3. [Figure 7] Figure 7 shows Example 2 of Embodiment #3-3. [Figure 8] Figure 8 shows an example of a schematic configuration of a wireless communication system according to one embodiment. [Figure 9] Figure 9 shows an example of the configuration of a base station according to one embodiment. [Figure 10] Figure 10 shows an example of the configuration of a user terminal according to one embodiment. [Figure 11] Figure 11 shows an example of the hardware configuration of a base station and a user terminal according to one embodiment. [Figure 12] Figure 12 shows an example of a vehicle according to one embodiment. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0011] (PUSCH transmission power control) In NR, the transmit power of the pusher is controlled based on the TPC command (also called the value, increment / decrement value, correction value, etc.) indicated by the value of a field in the DCI (also called the TPC command field, etc.).

[0012] For example, when a UE transmits a PUSCH on the active UL BWP b of carrier f of serving cell c using a parameter set with index j (open-loop parameter set) and an index l of the power control adjustment state (PUSCH power control adjustment state), the transmit power (P) of the PUSCH during the transmission occasion (also called the transmission period, etc.) i is calculated. PUSCH、b,f,c (i,j,q d, l)) [dBm] may be based on at least one of P CMAX,f,c(i) , P O_PUSCH,b,f,c (j), M PUSCH RB,b,f,c (i), α b,f,c (j), PL b,f,c (q d ), Δ TF,b,f,c (i), f b,f,c (i, l), etc.

[0013]

Number

[0014] The power control adjustment state may be referred to as a closed loop (CL)-power control (PC) state, a value based on the TPC command of the power control adjustment state index l, a cumulative value of the TPC command, a value by a closed loop. l may be referred to as a closed loop index.

[0015] Also, the PUSCH transmission opportunity i is a period during which PUSCH is transmitted, and may be composed of, for example, one or more symbols, one or more slots, etc.

[0016] P CMAX,f,c (i) is, for example, the maximum transmission power of the user terminal set for the carrier f of the serving cell c in the transmission opportunity i (configured maximum output power, UE configured maximum output power).

[0017] P O_PUSCH,b,f,c (j) is, for example, a parameter related to the target reception power set for the active UL BWP b of the carrier f of the serving cell c in the transmission opportunity i (also referred to as, for example, a parameter related to the transmission power offset, the transmission power offset P0, a target reception power parameter, etc.). P O_UE_PUSCH,b,f,c (j) may be the sum of P O_NOMINAL_PUSCH,f,c (j) and P O_UE_PUSCH,b,f,c (j).

[0018] M PUSCHRB,b,f,c (i) is, for example, the number of resource blocks (bandwidth) allocated to PUSCH for transmission opportunities i in the active UL BWP b of a carrier f with serving cell c and subcarrier spacing μ. α b,f,c (j) is a value provided by the higher-level parameters (e.g., msg3-Alpha, p0-PUSCH-Alpha, fractional factors, etc.).

[0019] PL b,f,c (q d ) is, for example, the index q of the reference signal (reference signal (RS), pathloss reference RS, pathloss(PL)-RS, pathloss reference RS, pathloss measurement DL-RS, PUSCH-PathlossReferenceRS) associated with the active UL BWP b of the carrier f of serving cell c. d This is the path loss (path loss estimate [dB], path loss compensation) calculated on the user terminal using [a specific method / tool].

[0020] If the UE does not provide a path loss reference RS (e.g., PUSCH-PathlossReferenceRS), or if the UE does not provide individual higher-layer parameters, the UE uses RS resources from the synchronization signal (SS) / physical broadcast channel (PBCH) block (SS block (SSB)) used to obtain the Master Information Block (MIB) to perform PL b,f,c (q d You may also calculate ).

[0021] If the UE has set up a number of RS resource indexes up to the maximum number of path loss reference RSs (e.g., maxNrofPUSCH-PathlossReferenceRSs), and a set of RS settings for each RS resource index by the path loss reference RS, then the set of RS resource indexes may include one or both of the set of SS / PBCH block indexes and the set of channel state information (CSI)-reference signal (RS) resource indexes. The UE has set up an RS resource index q d They may be identified.

[0022] If a PUSCH transmission is scheduled by a Random Access Response (RAR) UL grant, the UE uses the same RS resource index q as for the corresponding PRACH transmission. d You may also use [this].

[0023] If the UE is provided with a setting for power control of a PUSCH by a sounding reference signal (SRS) resource indicator (SRI) (e.g., SRI-PUSCH-PowerControl) and one or more values ​​for the ID of a path loss reference RS, the UE may obtain a mapping between the set of values ​​for the SRI field in DCI format 0_1 ​​and the set of ID values ​​for the path loss reference RS from higher-layer signaling (e.g., sri-PUSCH-PowerControl-Id in SRI-PUSCH-PowerControl). From the ID of the path loss reference RS mapped to the SRI field value in DCI format 0_1 ​​that schedules the PUSCH, the UE obtains the RS resource index q d You may decide that.

[0024] If a PUCCH transmission is scheduled in DCI format 0_0, and the UE does not provide PUCCH spatial relation information to the PUCCH resource having the lowest index for each carrier f and serving cell c's active UL BWP b, then the UE will use the same RS resource index q as the PUCCH transmission within that PUCCH resource. d You may also use [this].

[0025] If a PUSCH transmission is scheduled by DCI format 0_0 and the UE does not provide spatial settings for the PUSCH transmission, or if a PUSCH transmission is scheduled by DCI format 0_1 ​​which does not include an SRI field, or if the UE is not provided with settings for power control of the PUSCH by SRI, the UE will use RS resource index q, which has the ID of a zero path loss reference RS. d You may also use [this].

[0026] For PUSCH transmissions configured by a configuration grant setting (e.g., ConfiguredGrantConfig), if the configuration grant setting includes a specific parameter (e.g., rrc-ConfiguredUplinkGrant), the RS resource index q will be determined by the path loss reference index (e.g., pathlossReferenceIndex) within that specific parameter. d This may be provided to the UE.

[0027] For PUSCH transmissions configured by a configuration grant setting, if the configuration grant setting does not include specific parameters, the UE will activate the PUSCH transmission from the value of the ID of the path loss reference RS mapped to the SRI field in the DCI format, which is the RS resource index q. d It may be determined that: If the DCI format does not include the SRI field, the UE has an RS resource index q with the ID of a zero path loss reference RS. d You may decide that.

[0028] Δ TF,b,f,c(i) is the transmission power adjustment component (offset, transmit format compensation) for the UL BWP b of the carrier f of serving cell c.

[0029] f b,f,c (i,l) is the push power control adjustment state for the active UL BWP b of the carrier f of serving cell c during transmission opportunity i. b,f,c (i,l) is δ PUSCH,b,f,c (i,l) may also be used as a basis.

[0030] If TPC accumulation is enabled, f b,f,c (i,l) is δ PUSCH,b,f,c It may also be based on the cumulative value of (m,l).

[0031] If TPC accumulation is invalid, f b,f,c (i,l) is δ PUSCH,b,f,c (i,l) (absolute value) is also acceptable.

[0032] If information indicating that TPC accumulation is disabled (TPC-Accumulation) is not set (i.e., if information indicating that TPC accumulation is disabled is not provided, and TPC accumulation is set to be enabled), the UE accumulates the TPC command values ​​and determines the transmit power based on the result of the accumulation (power control state) (applies the TPC command values ​​via accumulation).

[0033] If information indicating that TPC accumulation is disabled (TPC-Accumulation) is set (i.e., if information indicating that TPC accumulation is disabled is provided, or if TPC accumulation is set to be disabled), the UE will not accumulate TPC command values ​​and will determine the transmit power based on the TPC command value (power control state) (applying the TPC command value without using accumulation).

[0034] δ PUSCH,b,f,c(i,l) may be a TPC command value contained in DCI format 0_0 or DCI format 0_1 ​​that schedules a PUSCH transmission opportunity i on the active UL BWP b of the carrier f of serving cell c, or a TPC command value encoded by combining it with other TPC commands in DCI format 2_2 that have a CRC scrambled by a specific RNTI (Radio Network Temporary Identifier) ​​(e.g., TPC-PUSCH-RNTI).

[0035] Σ m=0 C(Di)-1 δ PUCCH,b,f,c (m,l) represents the cardinality C(D) i Set of TPC command values ​​D that have ) i It may also be the sum of the TPC command values ​​within. i The UE, in relation to the PUSCH power control adjustment state l, has a PUSCH transmission opportunity i-i0 on the active UL BWP b of the carrier f of the serving cell c. PUSCH (i-i0)-1 symbol before, and K of the PUSCH transmission opportunity i PUSCH (i) This may be a set of TPC command values ​​received before and between the symbol. i0 is the K of the PUSCH transmission opportunities i-i0. PUSCH (i-i0) The symbol before the PUSCH transmission opportunity i is K PUSCH (i) It may be the smallest positive integer that is faster than the symbol before it.

[0036] If a PUSCH transmission is scheduled by DCI format 0_0 or DCI format 0_1, K PUSCH (i) may be the number of symbols in the active UL BWP b of the carrier f of serving cell c, after the last symbol of the corresponding PDCCH reception and before the first symbol of the PUSCH transmission. If the PUSCH transmission is configured by ConfiguredGrantConfig, K PUSCH(i) The number of symbols per slot in the active UL BWP b of the carrier f of serving cell c is N symb slot The product of the minimum value of the k2 in the PUSCH Common Configuration Information (PUSCH-ConfigCommon) and K is equal to the product of the minimum value of the k2 and the product of the minimum value of the k2. PUSCH,min It could also be the number of symbols.

[0037] The power control adjustment state may be configured by higher-level parameters to have multiple states (e.g., two states) or a single state. Furthermore, if multiple power control adjustment states are configured, one of these states may be identified by an index l (e.g., l ∈ {0, 1}).

[0038] The transmit power of both PUCCH and SRS is the same as the transmit power of PUCCH, and the set maximum output power P CMAX,f,c(i) It is restricted by.

[0039] (Nominal maximum output power / Set maximum output power) The UE power class defines the maximum output power (nominal maximum output power, nominal UE power, UE maximum output power) for the transmit bandwidth within the channel bandwidth of an NR carrier.

[0040] As shown in the example in Figure 1, the nominal maximum output power P_PowerClass is specified for each UE power class and band. Power class 1 is specified only for public safety. Power class 1.5 is specified for UEs with dual transmit (Tx). Power class 2 is specified for high power UEs. Power class 3 is specified for handheld cellular UEs.

[0041] Class 3, with 23 dBm, is the default power class. 23 dBm is derived based on the assumption of a specific absorption rate (SAR) where 100% of a given resource is used for UL transmission.

[0042] The settings for P_CMAX (upper and lower limits) are defined by the following formula:

[0043]

number

[0044] Here, P_EMAX,c is the value given to the serving cell c by the p-Max information element or additionalPmax (the maximum allowable UE output power notified by the upper layer). ΔP_PowerClass is an adjustment to the nominal maximum output power P_PowerClass for a given power class, and is a duty cycle-dependent power suppression.

[0045] P_PowerClass > 0 in any of the following states 1 through 4 (conditions). If none of the states 1 through 4 are met, then P_PowerClass = 0.

[0046] [State 1] ΔP_PowerClass = 3dB for power class (PC) 2 UE and ΔP_PowerClass = 6dB for PC1.5 UE if either of the following conditions is met. A p-Max of 23 dBm or less is indicated. The fields for UE capability maxUplinkDutyCycle-PC2-FR1 and UE capability maxUplinkDutyCycle-MPE-FR1 are not present, and the percentage of UL symbols sent within a certain evaluation period is greater than 50%. • The UE capability maxUplinkDutyCycle-PC2-FR1 field exists, and the percentage of UL symbols sent during a given evaluation period is higher than maxUplinkDutyCycle-PC2-FR1 (strictly speaking, the evaluation period is shorter than one wireless frame). • The UE capability field maxUplinkDutyCycle-MPE-FR1 exists, and the percentage of UL symbols sent during a given evaluation period is higher than maxUplinkDutyCycle-MPE-FR1 (the exact evaluation period is shorter than one wireless frame).

[0047] [State 2] ΔP_PowerClass = 3dB for PC1.5 UE is met if any of the following conditions are met. • A p-Max between 23 dBm and 26 dBm is indicated. The fields for UE capability maxUplinkDutyCycle-PC2-FR1 and UE capability maxUplinkDutyCycle-MPE-FR1 are not present, and the percentage of UL symbols sent within a certain evaluation period is between 25% and 50%. The UE capability field maxUplinkDutyCycle-PC2-FR1 exists, and the percentage of UL symbols transmitted during a given evaluation period is between maxUplinkDutyCycle-PC2-FR1 and maxUplinkDutyCycle-PC2-FR1 / 2 (the exact evaluation period is shorter than one wireless frame). • The UE capability field maxUplinkDutyCycle-MPE-FR1 exists, and the percentage of UL symbols sent during a given evaluation period is higher than maxUplinkDutyCycle-MPE-FR1 (the exact evaluation period is shorter than one wireless frame).

[0048] [State 3] If the UE is configured with a supplemental uplink (SUL) setting, and the UE is in a band exhibiting power class 2, then the default power class requirements specified in the specification apply, resulting in ΔP_PowerClass = 3dB.

[0049] [State 4] If a PC2-capable UE with transmit diversity (txDiversity-r16) capability, or a PC1.5-capable UE, exhibits SRS transmit switch (SRS-TXSwitch) capability 't1r2', 't1r4', 't1r1-t1r2', or 't1r1-t1r2-t1r4', then ΔP_PowerClass=3dB is applied during SRS transmit occasions with antenna switching ('antennaSwitching') and usage within the SRS-ResourceSet, accompanied by SRS resources configured within each SRS resource set consisting of one SRS port.

[0050] Rel.17 NR specifies high-power UEs, which can transmit using power higher than 23 dBm. 23 dBm is considered the default PC (PC3). 23 dBm is derived based on the SAR requirement when the UE transmits UL at 100% of a given resource.

[0051] However, such high-power transmissions depend on several conditions and are not always available. For example, these conditions may be how many resources the UE has to transmit within a certain period, or they may be the UE's capabilities.

[0052] If that condition is not met, 23 dBm will not be considered the maximum transmit power. In other words, the maximum output power will fall back to the default PC.

[0053] Even if the UL transmission period is limited, the maximum output power is still limited. For example, if 20% of the total resources are not utilized, 10log(0.2) is approximately -7dB, so even if the maximum output power is approximately 23+7=30dBm, it is still possible to meet the SAR requirements for use only in public safety.

[0054] The definition of "a certain evaluation period" is unclear. Therefore, the current fallback conditions are conservative. If there are no or few UL submissions prior to "a certain evaluation period," or if the period for verifying SAR requirements differs from "a certain evaluation period," the fallback condition may be less than 50% UL submissions.

[0055] There is no power class with a lower nominal maximum output power than PC3 for devices such as enhanced reduced capability devices (eRedCap).

[0056] Thus, the nominal maximum output power, evaluation period, and power class are unclear. Failure to adequately consider the nominal maximum output power, evaluation period, and power class may lead to reduced coverage, decreased communication quality, and reduced throughput.

[0057] Therefore, the inventors devised a method for determining the transmission power.

[0058] The embodiments of this disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. Each wireless communication method according to the embodiments may be applied individually or in combination.

[0059] In this disclosure, "A / B" and "at least one of A and B" may be interpreted as mutually exclusive. In this disclosure, "A / B / C" may mean "at least one of A, B, and C".

[0060] In this disclosure, terms such as activate, deactivate, indicate, select, configure, update, and determine may be interpreted interchangeably. In this disclosure, terms such as support, control, controllable, operate, and operable may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0061] In this disclosure, Radio Resource Control (RRC), RRC parameters, RRC messages, higher-layer parameters, information elements (IE), settings, etc., may be interpreted interchangeably. In this disclosure, Medium Access Control elements (MAC Control Element (CE)), update commands, activation / deactivation commands, etc., may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0062] In this disclosure, the upper-layer signaling may be, for example, Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling, broadcast information, or a combination thereof.

[0063] In this disclosure, MAC signaling may include, for example, MAC Control Elements (MAC CEs) and MAC Protocol Data Units (PDUs). Broadcast information may include, for example, Master Information Blocks (MIBs), System Information Blocks (SIBs), Remaining Minimum System Information (RMSIs), and Other System Information (OSIs).

[0064] In this disclosure, physical layer signaling may include, for example, Downlink Control Information (DCI) and Uplink Control Information (UCI).

[0065] In this disclosure, terms such as index, identifier (ID), indicator, and resource ID may be interpreted interchangeably. In this disclosure, terms such as sequence, list, set, group, cluster, and subset may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0066] In this disclosure, the terms used include: panel, UE panel, panel group, beam, beam group, precoder, Uplink (UL) transmit entity, Transmission / Reception Point (TRP), base station, Spatial Relation Information (SRI), spatial relationship, SRS Resource Indicator (SRI), Control Resource Set (CORESET), Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH), Codeword (CW), Transport Block (TB), Reference Signal (RS), antenna port (e.g., Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS) port), antenna port group (e.g., DMRS port group), group (e.g., spatial relationship group, Code Division Multiplexing (CDM) group, reference signal group, CORESET group, Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) groups, PUCCH resource groups, resources (e.g., reference signal resources, SRS resources), resource sets (e.g., reference signal resource sets), CORESET pools, downlink Transmission Configuration Indication state (TCI state) (DL TCI state), uplink TCI state (UL TCI state), unified TCI state, common TCI state, quasi-co-location (QCL), QCL assumptions, etc., may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0067] In this disclosure, the nominal maximum power, nominal UE power, UE maximum power, maximum UE power, maximum power, maximum power, maximum power specified for a power class, P_PowerClass, P PowerClass, may be interpreted as mutually interchangeable. In this disclosure, adjustments for maximum output power for a given power class, adjustments for nominal maximum output power, ΔP_PowerClass, ΔP PowerClass The two can be read interchangeably.

[0068] In this disclosure, configured maximum output power, configured transmit power, UE configured maximum output power, configured maximum UE output power, actual maximum output power, maximum output power, P_CMAX, P CMAX,f,c (i) may be interpreted as interchangeable. In this disclosure, UE power class, power class, and PC may be interpreted as interchangeable.

[0069] In this disclosure, base station, gNB, and network (NW) may be interpreted as interchangeable.

[0070] (Wireless communication method) In each embodiment, the uplink (UL) transmission may include at least one of PUSCH, PUCCH, and SRS.

[0071] In each embodiment, the upper limit of the transmission power (PUSCH transmission power, PUCCH transmission power, SRS transmission power), and the set maximum output power P are specified. CMAX,f,c (i) Upper limit P of the set maximum output power CMAX_H,f,c , P PowerClass -ΔP PowerClass The two can be read interchangeably.

[0072] In each embodiment, the specific maximum output power, nominal maximum output power, set maximum output power, default maximum output power, and energy budget may be interpreted as interchangeable.

[0073] In each embodiment, the amount of transmission resources, transmission time, and transmission duration may be interchangeable.

[0074] In each embodiment, addition, adjustment, reduction, summation, and subtraction may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0075] <Embodiment #1> New electricity classes may be defined.

[0076] Embodiment #1-1 A new power class may be defined with a nominal maximum output power of 30 dBm or more. This would allow for expanded coverage of UL transmissions without sacrificing UL resources (e.g., without repetition).

[0077] The target of this new power class may be limited to at least one of the following devices / scenarios: • The number of Tx chains (RF chains, power amplifiers (PAs)) is 2 or more. Public safety only. • Devices that are not mobile devices, or devices that do not have calling capabilities.

[0078] Embodiment #1-2 A new power class may be defined with nominal maximum output power lower than 23 dBm. This would allow for the implementation of UEs at a more reasonable / lower cost.

[0079] The target of this new power class may be limited to at least one of the following devices / scenarios: Only UEs with reduced capabilities compared to standard UEs (e.g., eRedCap, IoT devices).

[0080] According to this embodiment, the UE can use an appropriate nominal maximum output power / power class.

[0081] <Embodiment #2> The UE may consider the actual amount of resources used for the UL transmission (one or more first UL transmissions) (actual transmission resource amount, actual transmission time, first transmission power) when determining the set maximum output power (e.g., P_CMAX, upper limit of the second transmission power) for the UL transmission (second UL transmission). That UL transmission may include past UL transmissions or UL transmissions using that set maximum output power. Those resources may be time resources or frequency resources.

[0082] 《Embodiment #2-1》 The UE may calculate additional available power (additional power, additional amount, adjustment amount) based on the default maximum output power, taking into account the actual amount of resources used for UL transmission. The default maximum output power may be the nominal maximum output power of the default PC (23 dBm).

[0083] In the example in Figure 2A, the additional power may depend on the actual amount of UL transmission. The UE may determine the set maximum output power by adding the additional power to the default maximum output power.

[0084] For example, the additional power is 10log(x / 100) -1 This may also be the case. Here, x may be the percentage of UL symbols transmitted within a certain evaluation period. Maximum output power = default maximum output power + 10log(x / 100) -1 This may also be the case. The actual unit of the amount of resources used for UL transmission may be system frames, slots, or symbols.

[0085] If x = 20 [%], then the set maximum output power = default maximum output power + 10log(20 / 100) -1 It could also be 20 + 6.99 = 29.99 [dBm]. If x = 50 [%], the set maximum output power = default maximum output power + 10log(50 / 100) -1It could also be 20 + 3.01 = 26.01 [dBm]. If x = 80 [%], the set maximum output power = default maximum output power + 10log(80 / 100) -1 It could also be calculated as =20+0.97=23.97[dBm].

[0086] The maximum output power can be set using functions such as round, floor, or ceil, applied to the default maximum output power plus additional power.

[0087] Additional limits may be imposed on the set maximum output power. For example, these limits may be defined for each power class.

[0088] Embodiment #2-2 The UE may calculate the adjustment power (reduction power, adjustment amount) from the specified nominal maximum output power based on the nominal maximum output power specified for the corresponding power class. Here, the specified nominal maximum output power may be the default maximum output power.

[0089] In the example in Figure 2B, the regulated power may depend on the actual amount of UL transmission. The UE may determine the set maximum output power by subtracting the regulated power from the default maximum output power.

[0090] The set maximum output power may be obtained by a round function, floor function, ceil function, etc., for the default maximum output power minus the adjusted power.

[0091] According to this embodiment, the maximum output power can be appropriately determined based on the resources used for transmission.

[0092] <Embodiment #3> The UE may consider the actual transmit power (actual transmit time, actual transmit energy, first transmit power) allocated to UL transmits (one or more first UL transmits) when determining the set maximum output power (e.g., P_CMAX, upper limit of the second transmit power) for a UL transmit (second UL transmit). That UL transmit may include past UL transmits or include UL transmits that use that set maximum output power. The resources may be time resources or frequency resources. The set maximum output power can be optimized.

[0093] Under existing specification rules that depend on the percentage of UL resources per evaluation period, UEs assume that the nominal maximum output power is always allocated to a power class. For each Transmit Power Control (TPC) function at Layer 1, a lower power allocation is technically permissible, in terms of SAR.

[0094] 《Embodiment #3-1》 At least one of the following factors may be considered in determining the maximum power to set:

[0095] [Option 1-1] Actual transmission power for each UL transmission during the evaluation period. For example, the actual transmit power may be based on at least one of the following: RRC-configured parameters, path loss, transmitted content, bandwidth (e.g., number of RBs), and closed-loop power control parameters.

[0096] [Options 1-2] Duration of each UL transmission within the evaluation period. The duration may be the total number of symbols in the UL transmission or the number of slots in the UL transmission.

[0097] [Options 1-3] The total duration of the evaluation period. The duration may be expressed in units of ms, either as a number of wireless frames (10ms) or as ms.

[0098] [Options 1-4] Total energy during the evaluation period. That is, the product of transmitted power and transmission duration during the evaluation period. For example, the total energy could be calculated as: Total energy = Transmit power [ms] * Duration of UL transmission / Duration of evaluation period.

[0099] [Options 1-5] The duration of the subsequent (to be sent) UL transmission. The duration may be the total number of symbols in the UL transmission or the number of slots in the UL transmission.

[0100] [Options 1-6] Maximum power reduction (MPR). The MPR may be expressed in units of dB.

[0101] In the example shown in Figure 3, the UE transmits UL#1 during the evaluation period and UL#2 after the evaluation period. The actual transmitted power of UL#1 is X1 dBm. The duration of UL#1 is Y1 % of the duration of the evaluation period.

[0102] If the duration of the evaluation period is set to 1, the maximum energy (energy budget) during the evaluation period is 200 [mW] (= 23 dBm) * 1 = 200. If X1 = 400 [mW] (= 26 dBm) and Y1 = 50 [%], the transmission energy of UL#1 is 400 * 50 / 100 = 200, and the entire energy budget is used. If X1 = 300 [mW] (= 24.8 dBm) and Y1 = 50 [%], the transmission energy of UL#1 is 300 * 50 / 100 = 150, and the energy budget remains.

[0103] 《Embodiment #3-2》 New metrics (measurement criteria, such as energy budget or energy consumption) may be defined.

[0104] [Option 2-1a] The energy budget may be defined as the product of the default maximum output power (e.g., 23 dBm or a linear value thereof) and the duration of the evaluation period.

[0105] [Option 2-1b] The consumed energy may be defined as the sum of the products of the actual transmitted power (dB value or linear value) and the duration of each UL transmission during the evaluation period.

[0106] In the example in Figure 4, the UE transmits UL#1 and UL#2 during the evaluation period, and transmits UL#3 after the evaluation period. The actual transmitted power of UL#1 is X1 dBm (linear value x1 [mW]). The duration of UL#1 is Y1% of the duration of the evaluation period. The actual transmitted power of UL#2 is X2 dBm (linear value x2 [mW]). The duration of UL#1 is Y2% of the duration of the evaluation period. The energy budget is default maximum output power (linear value) * duration of the evaluation period. The energy consumption is x1 * Y1 + x2 * Y2.

[0107] [Option 2-2a] A strict evaluation period may be specified.

[0108] The duration of the evaluation period may be defined using at least one of the following parameters: • Number of slots / symbols. • Number of wireless frames (10ms). • Absolute time (e.g., 1ms, 10ms, 1sec, etc.).

[0109] The start and end of the evaluation period may be defined using at least one of the following parameters. • Start of UL transmission. In the example in Figure 5A, the end of the evaluation period may be the start of the next UL#2. • End of UL transmission. In the example in Figure 5B, the start of the evaluation period may be the end of the next UL#2.

[0110] The UL transmission may include reporting information regarding the transmitted power.

[0111] [Option 2-2b] A strict sub-evaluation period may be specified.

[0112] The duration of the sub-evaluation period may be defined using at least one of the following parameters: • Number of slots / symbols. • Number of wireless frames (10ms). • Absolute time (e.g., 1ms, 10ms, 1sec, etc.).

[0113] The duration of the evaluation period may be an integer multiple of the duration of the sub-evaluation period.

[0114] In the example in Figure 5C, the end of the evaluation period may also be the start of the next UL#2. The duration of that evaluation period may be the duration of two consecutive sub-evaluation periods.

[0115] 《Embodiment #3-3》 The operation for determining the set maximum output power, taking into account the actual transmit power allocated to UL transmission, may be specified.

[0116] [Example 1] The evaluation period ends at the start of the subsequent UL transmission. Energy consumption during the evaluation period is calculated. Energy consumption is compared to the energy budget. If energy consumption is equal to or greater than the energy budget, power up to the default maximum output power is assumed to be used for the subsequent UL transmission. If energy consumption is less than the energy budget, the set maximum output power for the subsequent UL transmission may be greater than the default maximum output power.

[0117] In the example in Figure 6, the UE transmits UL#1 during the evaluation period. The actual transmitted power of UL#1 is X1 dBm. The duration of UL#1 is Y% of the duration of the evaluation period. The evaluation period ends at the start of the next UL#2.

[0118] The duration set for a UL transmission (e.g., UL#2) within the second evaluation period following the evaluation period may be limited based on at least one of the energy budget and the set maximum output power within the second evaluation period.

[0119] [Example 2] The evaluation period ends at the end of the subsequent UL transmission. Energy consumption during the evaluation period is calculated. Energy consumption is compared to the energy budget. If energy consumption is equal to or greater than the energy budget, power up to the default maximum output power is assumed to be used for the subsequent UL transmission. If energy consumption is less than the energy budget, the set maximum output power may be determined based on at least one of the remaining energy budget and the duration of the subsequent UL transmission. For example, the set maximum output power may be = remaining energy budget / duration of the subsequent UL transmission.

[0120] In the example in Figure 7, the UE transmits UL#1 during the evaluation period. The actual transmitted power of UL#1 is X1 dBm. The duration of UL#1 is Y% of the duration of the evaluation period. The evaluation period ends at the end of the next UL#2.

[0121] The set maximum output power may be limited by another upper limit, in addition to the energy budget-based constraints in this embodiment. This upper limit may be the nominal maximum output power specified for each power class.

[0122] The duration set for a subsequent UL transmission in response to an given UL transmission may be limited based on at least one of the remaining energy budget and the set maximum output power.

[0123] According to this embodiment, the UE can appropriately determine the set maximum output power based on the actual transmitted power.

[0124] <Supplement> At least one of the embodiments described above may apply only to a UE that has reported or supports a particular UE capability.

[0125] The specific UE capability may represent at least one of the following: • Support for 6G or the newly defined Radio Access Technology (RAT). • Support for new UE power classes. • Support for determining / setting maximum output power, taking into account the amount of resources used in previous UL transmissions. • Support for determining / setting maximum output power, taking into account the amount of resources actually used for UL transmission. • To support reporting on factors for determining actual maximum output power.

[0126] Furthermore, the specific UE capabilities described above may be capabilities that apply across all frequencies (commonly regardless of frequency), capabilities per frequency (e.g., cell, band, BWP), capabilities per frequency range (e.g., Frequency Range 1 (FR1), FR2, FR3, FR4, FR5, FR2-1, FR2-2), or capabilities per subcarrier spacing (SCS).

[0127] Furthermore, the specific UE capabilities described above may be capabilities that apply across all duplexing schemes (common to all duplexing schemes), or they may be capabilities specific to each duplexing scheme (e.g., Time Division Duplex (TDD), Frequency Division Duplex (FDD)).

[0128] Furthermore, at least one of the above-described embodiments may be applied when the UE is configured with specific information related to the above-described embodiment through upper-layer signaling. For example, such specific information may be information indicating the activation of at least one of the above-described embodiments, or any RRC parameters for a particular release (e.g., Rel. 18).

[0129] If the UE does not support at least one of the above-mentioned specific UE capabilities or does not have the above-mentioned specific information set, the behavior of, for example, Rel.15 / 16 / 17 may be applied.

[0130] (Note) The following invention is added with respect to one embodiment of this disclosure. [Note 1] A control unit that determines an upper limit of the second transmission power for a second uplink transmission based on at least one of a specific maximum output power, a resource amount used for one or more first uplink transmissions, and the first transmission power used for one or more first uplink transmissions, A terminal having a transmitting unit that performs the second uplink transmission using the second transmission power. [Note 2] The terminal as described in Appendix 1, wherein the control unit determines the upper limit by adding or subtracting an adjustment amount based on the resource amount to a value based on the specific maximum output power. [Note 3] The terminal as described in Appendix 1 or Appendix 2, wherein the control unit determines the available energy based on the specific maximum output power within a specific period, and determines the upper limit within the specific period based on the available energy. [Note 4] The terminals described in any of the appendices 1 to 3, wherein the specified maximum output power is 30 dBm or higher, or lower than 23 dBm.

[0131] (Wireless communication system) The configuration of a wireless communication system according to one embodiment of this disclosure will be described below. In this wireless communication system, communication is performed using any or a combination thereof of the wireless communication methods according to the above embodiments of this disclosure.

[0132] Figure 8 shows an example of a schematic configuration of a wireless communication system according to one embodiment. The wireless communication system 1 may be a system that realizes communication using Long Term Evolution (LTE), 5th generation mobile communication system New Radio (5G NR), etc., as specified by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).

[0133] Furthermore, the wireless communication system 1 may support dual connectivity between multiple Radio Access Technologies (RATs) (Multi-RAT Dual Connectivity (MR-DC)). MR-DC may include dual connectivity between LTE (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA)) and NR (E-UTRA-NR Dual Connectivity (EN-DC)), dual connectivity between NR and LTE (NR-E-UTRA Dual Connectivity (NE-DC)), and so on.

[0134] In EN-DC, the LTE (E-UTRA) base station (eNB) is the Master Node (MN), and the NR base station (gNB) is the Secondary Node (SN). In NE-DC, the NR base station (gNB) is the MN, and the LTE (E-UTRA) base station (eNB) is the SN.

[0135] The wireless communication system 1 may support dual connectivity between multiple base stations within the same RAT (for example, dual connectivity where both MN and SN are NR base stations (gNB) (NR-NR Dual Connectivity (NN-DC))).

[0136] The wireless communication system 1 may include a base station 11 that forms a macrocell C1 with relatively wide coverage, and base stations 12 (12a-12c) located within the macrocell C1 that form a small cell C2 that is narrower than the macrocell C1. User terminals 20 may be located within at least one cell. The arrangement and number of each cell and user terminal 20 are not limited to the configuration shown in the figure. Hereinafter, when base stations 11 and 12 are not distinguished, they will be collectively referred to as base station 10.

[0137] The user terminal 20 may be connected to at least one of the multiple base stations 10. The user terminal 20 may utilize at least one of Carrier Aggregation (CA) using multiple Component Carriers (CC) and Dual Connectivity (DC).

[0138] Each CC may be included in at least one of the first frequency band (Frequency Range 1 (FR1)) and the second frequency band (Frequency Range 2 (FR2)). A macrocell C1 may be included in FR1, and a small cell C2 may be included in FR2. For example, FR1 may be a frequency band of 6 GHz or less (sub-6 GHz), and FR2 may be a frequency band above 24 GHz (above-24 GHz). Note that the frequency bands and definitions of FR1 and FR2 are not limited to these, and for example, FR1 may fall in a frequency band higher than FR2.

[0139] Furthermore, the user terminal 20 may communicate using at least one of the following methods at each CC: Time Division Duplex (TDD) and Frequency Division Duplex (FDD).

[0140] Multiple base stations 10 may be connected by wire (e.g., optical fiber compliant with Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI), X2 interface, etc.) or wireless (e.g., NR communication). For example, if NR communication is used as a backhaul between base stations 11 and 12, base station 11, which is the upstream station, may be called an Integrated Access Backhaul (IAB) donor, and base station 12, which is the relay station, may be called an IAB node.

[0141] Base station 10 may be connected to the core network 30 via other base stations 10 or directly. The core network 30 may include at least one of the following: Evolved Packet Core (EPC), 5G Core Network (5GCN), Next Generation Core (NGC), etc.

[0142] The user terminal 20 may be a terminal that supports at least one of the following communication methods: LTE, LTE-A, 5G, etc.

[0143] In the wireless communication system 1, an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM)-based wireless access scheme may be used. For example, Cyclic Prefix OFDM (CP-OFDM), Discrete Fourier Transform Spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA), etc., may be used in at least one of the downlink (DL) and uplink (UL).

[0144] The wireless access method may also be called a waveform. In wireless communication system 1, other wireless access methods (for example, other single-carrier transmission methods, other multi-carrier transmission methods) may be used for the UL and DL wireless access methods.

[0145] In the wireless communication system 1, a Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH), a Broadcast Channel (PBCH), or a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) may be used as the downlink channel, shared by each user terminal 20.

[0146] Furthermore, in the wireless communication system 1, the uplink channel may include a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH), a Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH), a Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH), or the like, all of which are shared by each user terminal 20.

[0147] User data, higher-layer control information, and System Information Blocks (SIBs) are transmitted via PDSCH. User data and higher-layer control information may also be transmitted via PUSCH. Furthermore, Master Information Blocks (MIBs) may be transmitted via PBCH.

[0148] Lower-layer control information may be transmitted by PDCCH. The lower-layer control information may include, for example, Downlink Control Information (DCI) which includes scheduling information for at least one of PDSCH and PUSCH.

[0149] Furthermore, the DCI that schedules PDSCH may be called a DL assignment or DL ​​DCI, and the DCI that schedules PUSCH may be called a UL grant or UL DCI. Furthermore, PDSCH may be interpreted as DL data, and PUSCH may be interpreted as UL data.

[0150] PDCCH detection may utilize a Control Resource Set (CORESET) and a search space. A CORESET corresponds to the resources used to search for DCIs. A search space corresponds to the search area and search method for PDCCH candidates. A single CORESET may be associated with one or more search spaces. The UE may monitor CORESETs associated with a particular search space based on the search space configuration.

[0151] A single search space may correspond to one or more PDCCH candidates corresponding to aggregation levels. One or more search spaces may be referred to as a search space set. In this disclosure, "search space," "search space set," "search space configuration," "search space set configuration," "CORESET," and "CORESET configuration" may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0152] PUCCH may transmit uplink control information (UCI) which includes at least one of the following: channel state information (CSI), delivery acknowledgment (e.g., Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest ACKnowledgement (HARQ-ACK), ACK / NACK, etc.), and scheduling request (SR). PRACH may transmit a random access preamble for establishing a connection with the cell.

[0153] In this disclosure, downlinks, uplinks, etc., may be expressed without the prefix "link." Also, the prefix "physical" may be omitted when describing various channels.

[0154] In the wireless communication system 1, a synchronization signal (SS), a downlink reference signal (DL-RS), etc., may be transmitted. In the wireless communication system 1, as DL-RS, a cell-specific reference signal (CRS), a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS), a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), a positioning reference signal (PRS), a phase tracking reference signal (PTRS), etc., may be transmitted.

[0155] The synchronization signal may be, for example, at least one of a Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS) and a Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS). A signal block including SS (PSS, SSS) and PBCH (and DMRS for PBCH) may be called an SS / PBCH block, SS Block (SSB), etc. SS, SSB, etc., may also be called reference signals.

[0156] Furthermore, in the wireless communication system 1, the Uplink Reference Signal (UL-RS) may transmit the Sounding Reference Signal (SRS), Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS), etc. The DMRS may also be called the User-Specific Reference Signal (UE-specific Reference Signal).

[0157] (base station) Figure 9 shows an example of the configuration of a base station according to one embodiment. The base station 10 includes a control unit 110, a transceiver unit 120, a transceiver antenna 130, and a transmission line interface 140. Note that one or more of the control unit 110, transceiver unit 120, transceiver antenna 130, and transmission line interface 140 may be provided.

[0158] In this example, the functional blocks of the characteristic parts of this embodiment are mainly shown, and it may be assumed that the base station 10 also has other functional blocks necessary for wireless communication. Some of the processing of each part described below may be omitted.

[0159] The control unit 110 controls the entire base station 10. The control unit 110 can consist of a controller, control circuit, etc., as described based on common understanding in the art relating to this disclosure.

[0160] The control unit 110 may control signal generation, scheduling (e.g., resource allocation, mapping), etc. The control unit 110 may also control transmission and reception, measurement, etc., using the transceiver unit 120, the transceiver antenna 130, and the transmission path interface 140. The control unit 110 may generate data to be transmitted as signals, control information, sequences, etc., and transfer them to the transceiver unit 120. The control unit 110 may also perform call processing of communication channels (setting, releasing, etc.), status management of the base station 10, management of radio resources, etc.

[0161] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may include a baseband unit 121, a radio frequency (RF) unit 122, and a measurement unit 123. The baseband unit 121 may include a transmission processing unit 1211 and a reception processing unit 1212. The transmitting / receiving unit 120 can be composed of a transmitter / receiver, RF circuit, baseband circuit, filter, phase shifter, measurement circuit, transmitting / receiving circuit, etc., as described based on common understanding in the art relating to this disclosure.

[0162] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may be configured as an integrated transmitting / receiving unit, or it may be composed of a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit may consist of a transmitting processing unit 1211 and an RF unit 122. The receiving unit may consist of a receiving processing unit 1212, an RF unit 122 and a measuring unit 123.

[0163] The transmitting and receiving antenna 130 can be composed of an antenna described based on common understanding in the art relating to this disclosure, such as an array antenna.

[0164] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may transmit the downlink channel, synchronization signal, downlink reference signal, etc. The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may also receive the uplink channel, uplink reference signal, etc.

[0165] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may form at least one of the transmitting beam and the receiving beam using digital beamforming (e.g., precoding), analog beamforming (e.g., phase rotation), or the like.

[0166] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 (transmission processing unit 1211) may perform processing on data and control information acquired from the control unit 110, for example, at the Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer, the Radio Link Control (RLC) layer (e.g., RLC retransmission control), the Medium Access Control (MAC) layer (e.g., HARQ retransmission control), etc., to generate a bit sequence to be transmitted.

[0167] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 (transmission processing unit 1211) may perform transmission processing on the bit sequence to be transmitted, such as channel coding (which may include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filtering, discrete Fourier transform (DFT) processing (if necessary), inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) processing, precoding, and digital-to-analog conversion, and output a baseband signal.

[0168] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 (RF unit 122) may perform modulation, filtering, amplification, etc., of the baseband signal to the radio frequency band and transmit the signal in the radio frequency band via the transmitting / receiving antenna 130.

[0169] On the other hand, the transmitting / receiving unit 120 (RF unit 122) may perform amplification, filtering, demodulation to a baseband signal, etc., on the radio frequency band signal received by the transmitting / receiving antenna 130.

[0170] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 (receiving processing unit 1212) may apply reception processing to the acquired baseband signal, such as analog-to-digital conversion, Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) processing, Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform (IDFT) processing (if necessary), filtering, demapping, demodulation, decoding (may include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing, to acquire user data, etc.

[0171] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 (measurement unit 123) may perform measurements related to the received signal. For example, the measurement unit 123 may perform Radio Resource Management (RRM) measurements, Channel State Information (CSI) measurements, etc., based on the received signal. The measurement unit 123 may also measure received power (e.g., Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP)), reception quality (e.g., Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR), Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR)), signal strength (e.g., Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI)), propagation path information (e.g., CSI), etc. The measurement results may be output to the control unit 110.

[0172] The transmission path interface 140 may send and receive signals (backhaul signaling) with devices included in the core network 30, other base stations 10, etc., and may acquire and transmit user data (user plane data), control plane data, etc. for the user terminal 20.

[0173] In this disclosure, the transmitting and receiving units of the base station 10 may consist of at least one of a transmitting / receiving unit 120, a transmitting / receiving antenna 130, and a transmission path interface 140.

[0174] The control unit 110 may control the reception of one or more first uplink transmissions. The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may perform reception of second uplink transmissions. The upper limit of the second transmission power of the second uplink transmission may be based on at least one of a specific maximum output power, the amount of resources used for the one or more first uplink transmissions, and the first transmission power used for the one or more first uplink transmissions.

[0175] (User terminal) Figure 10 shows an example of the configuration of a user terminal according to one embodiment. The user terminal 20 includes a control unit 210, a transmitting / receiving unit 220, and a transmitting / receiving antenna 230. Note that one or more of the control unit 210, the transmitting / receiving unit 220, and the transmitting / receiving antenna 230 may be provided.

[0176] In this example, the functional blocks of the characteristic parts of this embodiment are mainly shown, and it may be assumed that the user terminal 20 also has other functional blocks necessary for wireless communication. Some of the processing of each part described below may be omitted.

[0177] The control unit 210 controls the entire user terminal 20. The control unit 210 can be composed of a controller, control circuit, etc., as described based on common understanding in the technical field related to this disclosure.

[0178] The control unit 210 may control signal generation, mapping, etc. The control unit 210 may also control transmission and reception, measurement, etc., using the transmitting / receiving unit 220 and the transmitting / receiving antenna 230. The control unit 210 may generate data to be transmitted as signals, control information, sequences, etc., and transfer them to the transmitting / receiving unit 220.

[0179] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may include a baseband unit 221, an RF unit 222, and a measurement unit 223. The baseband unit 221 may include a transmission processing unit 2211 and a reception processing unit 2212. The transmitting / receiving unit 220 can be composed of a transmitter / receiver, RF circuit, baseband circuit, filter, phase shifter, measurement circuit, transmitting / receiving circuit, etc., as described based on common understanding in the art relating to this disclosure.

[0180] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may be configured as an integrated transmitting / receiving unit, or it may be composed of a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit may consist of a transmitting processing unit 2211 and an RF unit 222. The receiving unit may consist of a receiving processing unit 2212, an RF unit 222 and a measuring unit 223.

[0181] The transmitting and receiving antenna 230 can be composed of an antenna described based on common understanding in the art relating to this disclosure, such as an array antenna.

[0182] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may receive the downlink channel, synchronization signal, downlink reference signal, etc. The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may also transmit the uplink channel, uplink reference signal, etc.

[0183] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may form at least one of the transmitting beam and the receiving beam using digital beamforming (e.g., precoding), analog beamforming (e.g., phase rotation), or the like.

[0184] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 (transmission processing unit 2211) may perform PDCP layer processing, RLC layer processing (e.g., RLC retransmission control), MAC layer processing (e.g., HARQ retransmission control), etc., on data and control information acquired from the control unit 210, etc., to generate a bit sequence to be transmitted.

[0185] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 (transmission processing unit 2211) may perform transmission processing on the bit sequence to be transmitted, such as channel coding (which may include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filtering, DFT processing (if necessary), IFFT processing, precoding, and digital-to-analog conversion, and output a baseband signal.

[0186] Whether or not to apply DFT processing may be based on the transform precoding settings. The transmitting / receiving unit 220 (transmission processing unit 2211) may perform DFT processing as part of the transmission process to transmit a channel (for example, PUSCH) using a DFT-s-OFDM waveform if transform precoding is enabled for that channel, or it may not perform DFT processing as part of the transmission process if transform precoding is not enabled for that channel.

[0187] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 (RF unit 222) may perform modulation, filtering, amplification, etc., of the baseband signal to the radio frequency band and transmit the signal in the radio frequency band via the transmitting / receiving antenna 230.

[0188] On the other hand, the transmitting / receiving unit 220 (RF unit 222) may perform amplification, filtering, demodulation to a baseband signal, etc., on the radio frequency band signal received by the transmitting / receiving antenna 230.

[0189] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 (receiving processing unit 2212) may apply reception processing such as analog-to-digital conversion, FFT processing, IDFT processing (if necessary), filtering, demapping, demodulation, decoding (may include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing to the acquired baseband signal to acquire user data, etc.

[0190] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 (measuring unit 223) may perform measurements related to the received signal. For example, the measuring unit 223 may perform RRM measurement, CSI measurement, etc., based on the received signal. The measuring unit 223 may also measure received power (e.g., RSRP), received quality (e.g., RSRQ, SINR, SNR), signal strength (e.g., RSSI), propagation path information (e.g., CSI), etc. The measurement results may be output to the control unit 210.

[0191] In this disclosure, the transmitting and receiving units of the user terminal 20 may consist of at least one of a transmitting / receiving unit 220 and a transmitting / receiving antenna 230.

[0192] The control unit 210 may determine an upper limit for the second transmission power of the second uplink transmission based on at least one of a specific maximum output power, the amount of resources used for one or more first uplink transmissions, and the first transmission power used for the one or more first uplink transmissions. The transmitting and receiving unit 220 may perform the second uplink transmission using the second transmission power.

[0193] The control unit 210 may determine the upper limit by adding or subtracting an adjustment amount based on the resource amount to a value based on the specific maximum output power.

[0194] The control unit 210 may determine the available energy based on the specific maximum output power within a specific period, and determine the upper limit within the specific period based on the available energy.

[0195] The aforementioned specific maximum output power may be 30 dBm or higher, or lower than 23 dBm.

[0196] (Hardware configuration) The block diagrams used in the description of the above embodiments show functional units. These functional blocks (components) are realized by any combination of at least one of hardware and software. Furthermore, the method of realizing each functional block is not particularly limited. That is, each functional block may be realized using one device that is physically or logically coupled, or it may be realized using two or more physically or logically separated devices that are directly or indirectly connected (for example, using wired or wireless connections). A functional block may also be realized by combining the above one device or the above multiple devices with software.

[0197] Here, functions include, but are not limited to, judgment, decision, determination, calculation, calculation, processing, derivation, investigation, search, confirmation, reception, transmission, output, access, resolution, selection, selection, establishment, comparison, assumption, expectation, consideration, broadcasting, notifying, communicating, forwarding, configuring, reconfiguring, allocating (mapping), and assigning. For example, a functional block (configuration part) that enables transmission may be called a transmitting unit or transmitter. In all cases, as mentioned above, the method of implementation is not particularly limited.

[0198] For example, a base station, user terminal, etc. in one embodiment of the present disclosure may function as a computer that processes the wireless communication method of the present disclosure. Figure 11 is a diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of a base station and user terminal according to one embodiment. The base station 10 and user terminal 20 described above may be physically configured as a computer device including a processor 1001, memory 1002, storage 1003, communication device 1004, input device 1005, output device 1006, bus 1007, etc.

[0199] In this disclosure, terms such as apparatus, circuit, device, section, and unit are interchangeable. The hardware configuration of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 may include one or more of the devices shown in the figure, or it may be configured without some of the devices.

[0200] For example, although only one processor 1001 is shown in the diagram, there may be multiple processors. Furthermore, processing may be performed by one processor, or by two or more processors simultaneously, sequentially, or by other means. Note that processor 1001 may be implemented using one or more chips.

[0201] Each function in the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 is realized, for example, by loading predetermined software (programs) onto hardware such as the processor 1001 and memory 1002, which allows the processor 1001 to perform calculations and control communication via the communication device 1004, or to control at least one of the reading and writing of data in the memory 1002 and storage 1003.

[0202] The processor 1001 controls the entire computer, for example, by running an operating system. The processor 1001 may be composed of a central processing unit (CPU) that includes interfaces with peripheral devices, control units, arithmetic units, registers, etc. For example, at least a part of the control unit 110 (210) and the transmitting / receiving unit 120 (220) described above may be implemented by the processor 1001.

[0203] Furthermore, the processor 1001 reads programs (program code), software modules, data, etc., from at least one of the storage 1003 and the communication device 1004 into the memory 1002 and executes various processes accordingly. The program used is one that causes the computer to execute at least a part of the operations described in the above embodiment. For example, the control unit 110 (210) may be implemented by a control program stored in the memory 1002 and running on the processor 1001, and other functional blocks may be implemented similarly.

[0204] Memory 1002 is a computer-readable recording medium and may consist of at least one of the following: Read Only Memory (ROM), Erasable Programmable ROM (EPROM), Electrically EPROM (EEPROM), Random Access Memory (RAM), or other suitable storage medium. Memory 1002 may also be called a register, cache, or main memory. Memory 1002 can store executable programs (program code), software modules, etc., for carrying out a wireless communication method according to one embodiment of this disclosure.

[0205] Storage 1003 is a computer-readable recording medium and may consist of at least one of the following: a flexible disk, a floppy disk, a magneto-optical disk (e.g., a compact disk (Compact Disc ROM (CD-ROM)), a digital multipurpose disk, a Blu-ray disk), a removable disk, a hard disk drive, a smart card, a flash memory device (e.g., a card, stick, key drive), a magnetic stripe, a database, a server, or other suitable storage medium. Storage 1003 may also be called an auxiliary storage device.

[0206] The communication device 1004 is hardware (transmitting / receiving device) for communicating between computers via at least one of a wired network and a wireless network, and is also referred to as a network device, network controller, network card, communication module, etc. The communication device 1004 may be configured to include, for example, a high-frequency switch, duplexer, filter, frequency synthesizer, etc., in order to implement at least one of frequency division duplex (FDD) and time division duplex (TDD). For example, the above-mentioned transmitting / receiving unit 120 (220), transmitting / receiving antenna 130 (230), etc., may be implemented by the communication device 1004. The transmitting / receiving unit 120 (220) may be implemented with physically or logically separated implementations of a transmitting unit 120a (220a) and a receiving unit 120b (220b).

[0207] The input device 1005 is an input device that accepts input from an external source (e.g., a keyboard, mouse, microphone, switch, button, sensor, etc.). The output device 1006 is an output device that outputs to an external source (e.g., a display, speaker, light-emitting diode (LED) lamp, etc.). The input device 1005 and the output device 1006 may be configured as an integrated unit (e.g., a touch panel).

[0208] Furthermore, each device, such as the processor 1001 and memory 1002, is connected by a bus 1007 for communicating information. The bus 1007 may be configured using a single bus, or different buses may be configured for each device.

[0209] Furthermore, the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 may be configured to include hardware such as a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), and a field programmable gate array (FPGA), and some or all of each functional block may be implemented using such hardware. For example, the processor 1001 may be implemented using at least one of these hardware components.

[0210] (modified version) In addition, terms used in this disclosure and terms necessary for understanding this disclosure may be replaced with terms having the same or similar meanings. For example, channel, symbol, and signal (signal or signaling) may be used interchangeably. Also, a signal may be a message. A reference signal may be abbreviated as RS and may be called a pilot, pilot signal, etc., depending on the applicable standard. Also, a component carrier (CC) may be called a cell, frequency carrier, carrier frequency, etc.

[0211] A wireless frame may consist of one or more periods (frames) in the time domain. Each of these periods (frames) constituting a wireless frame may be called a subframe. Furthermore, a subframe may consist of one or more slots in the time domain. A subframe may have a fixed time length (e.g., 1 ms) that is independent of numerology.

[0212] Here, the neuralelogy may be communication parameters applied to at least one of the transmission and reception of a signal or channel. The neuralelogy may be, for example, at least one of the following: subcarrier spacing (SCS), bandwidth, symbol length, cyclic prefix length, transmission time interval (TTI), number of symbols per TTI, radio frame configuration, specific filtering processes performed by the transceiver in the frequency domain, or specific windowing processes performed by the transceiver in the time domain.

[0213] A slot may consist of one or more symbols in the time domain (such as Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols or Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) symbols). Alternatively, a slot may be a time unit based on neurology.

[0214] A slot may include multiple mini-slots. Each mini-slot may consist of one or more symbols in the time domain. Mini-slots may also be called sub-slots. Mini-slots may consist of fewer symbols than a slot. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted in a time unit larger than a mini-slot may be called a PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type A. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted using a mini-slot may be called a PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type B.

[0215] Wireless frames, subframes, slots, minislots, and symbols all represent units of time when transmitting a signal. Wireless frames, subframes, slots, minislots, and symbols may each be referred to by different names. Furthermore, the units of time such as frames, subframes, slots, minislots, and symbols in this disclosure may be interpreted as interchangeable.

[0216] For example, one subframe may be called TTI, multiple consecutive subframes may be called TTI, or one slot or one mini-slot may be called TTI. In other words, at least one of the subframe and TTI may be a subframe (1ms) in existing LTE, a period shorter than 1ms (e.g., 1-13 symbols), or a period longer than 1ms. Note that the unit representing TTI may be called a slot, mini-slot, etc., instead of a subframe.

[0217] Here, TTI refers to, for example, the smallest unit of time for scheduling in wireless communication. For example, in an LTE system, the base station schedules each user terminal to allocate wireless resources (such as the frequency bandwidth and transmission power available to each user terminal) in TTI units. However, the definition of TTI is not limited to this.

[0218] TTI may be a transmission time unit for channel-encoded data packets (transport blocks), code blocks, code words, etc., or it may be a processing unit for scheduling, link adaptation, etc. Given a TTI, the actual time interval (e.g., number of symbols) to which the transport block, code block, code word, etc. are mapped may be shorter than the given TTI.

[0219] Furthermore, if one slot or one mini-slot is referred to as TTI, then one or more TTIs (i.e., one or more slots or one or more mini-slots) may constitute the minimum time unit of scheduling. In addition, the number of slots (number of mini-slots) that constitute the minimum time unit of scheduling may be controlled.

[0220] A TTI with a time length of 1 ms may also be called a normal TTI (TTI in 3GPP Rel.8-12), a long TTI, a normal subframe, a long subframe, or a slot. A TTI shorter than a normal TTI may also be called a shortened TTI, a short TTI, a partial or fractional TTI, a shortened subframe, a short subframe, a mini slot, a sub slot, or a slot.

[0221] Furthermore, long TTIs (e.g., normal TTIs, subframes, etc.) may be interpreted as TTIs with a time length exceeding 1 ms, and short TTIs (e.g., shortened TTIs, etc.) may be interpreted as TTIs with a TTI length less than that of a long TTI but 1 ms or more.

[0222] A Resource Block (RB) is a resource allocation unit in the time domain and frequency domain, and in the frequency domain, it may contain one or more consecutive subcarriers. The number of subcarriers in an RB may be the same regardless of the neurology, for example, 12. The number of subcarriers in an RB may be determined based on the neurology.

[0223] Furthermore, an RB may contain one or more symbols in the time domain and may have the length of one slot, one minislot, one subframe, or one TTI. Each TTI, subframe, etc., may consist of one or more resource blocks.

[0224] One or more RBs may also be called Physical RBs (PRBs), Sub-Carrier Groups (SCGs), Resource Element Groups (REGs), or groups / sets / pairs of PRBs / RBs.

[0225] Furthermore, a resource block may consist of one or more resource elements (REs). For example, one RE may be a radio resource area comprising one subcarrier and one symbol.

[0226] A Bandwidth Part (BWP) (also called a partial bandwidth) may represent a subset of consecutive common resource blocks (RBs) for a given neurology in a given carrier. Here, the common RBs may be identified by an index of the RBs relative to the carrier's common reference point. PRBs may be defined and numbered within a BWP.

[0227] A BWP may include UL BWPs (BWPs for UL) and DL BWPs (BWPs for DL). One or more BWPs may be configured within a single carrier for a UE.

[0228] At least one of the configured BWPs may be active, and the UE does not need to assume that it will send or receive a given signal / channel outside of the active BWP. In this disclosure, terms such as "cell" and "carrier" may be read as "BWP".

[0229] The structures described above, such as wireless frames, subframes, slots, minislots, and symbols, are merely illustrative examples. For instance, the number of subframes included in a wireless frame, the number of slots per subframe or wireless frame, the number of minislots within a slot, the number of symbols and RBs included in a slot or minislot, the number of subcarriers included in an RB, and the number of symbols, symbol length, and cyclic prefix (CP) length within a TTI can be varied in various ways.

[0230] Furthermore, the information, parameters, etc., described in this disclosure may be expressed using absolute values, relative values ​​from a predetermined value, or corresponding other information. For example, wireless resources may be indicated by a predetermined index.

[0231] The names used for parameters and other elements in this disclosure are not restrictive in any way. Furthermore, mathematical formulas and other elements that use these parameters may differ from those expressly disclosed in this disclosure. Various channels (PUCCH, PDCCH, etc.) and information elements can be identified by any suitable name, and therefore, the various names assigned to these various channels and information elements are not restrictive in any way.

[0232] The information, signals, etc. described in this disclosure may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, chips, etc. that may be referred to throughout the above description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, optical fields or photons, or any combination thereof.

[0233] Also, information, signals, etc. may be output from at least one of the upper layer to the lower layer and from the lower layer to the upper layer. Information, signals, etc. may be input and output via a plurality of network nodes.

[0234] The input and output information, signals, etc. may be stored in a specific location (e.g., memory) or may be managed using a management table. The input and output information, signals, etc. may be overwritten, updated or appended. The output information, signals, etc. may be deleted. The input information, signals, etc. may be transmitted to other devices.

[0235] The notification of information is not limited to the aspects / embodiments described in this disclosure and may be performed using other methods. For example, the notification of information in this disclosure may be implemented by physical layer signaling (e.g., Downlink Control Information (DCI), Uplink Control Information (UCI)), upper layer signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, broadcast information (Master Information Block (MIB), System Information Block (SIB), etc.), Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling), other signals or a combination thereof.

[0236] Note that physical layer signaling may also be referred to as Layer 1 / Layer 2 (L1 / L2) control information (L1 / L2 control signal), L1 control information (L1 control signal), etc. Also, RRC signaling may also be referred to as an RRC message, and for example, it may be an RRC connection setup (RRC Connection Setup) message, an RRC connection reconfiguration (RRC Connection Reconfiguration) message, etc. Also, MAC signaling may be notified, for example, using a MAC control element (MAC Control Element (CE)).

[0237] Also, the notification of predetermined information (for example, the notification of "being X") is not limited to an explicit notification and may be performed implicitly (for example, by not performing the notification of the predetermined information or by the notification of another piece of information).

[0238] The determination may be made by a value represented by 1 bit (0 or 1), by a boolean value represented by true or false, or by a numerical comparison (for example, comparison with a predetermined value).

[0239] Software should be broadly interpreted to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, execution threads, procedures, functions, etc., regardless of whether it is called software, firmware, middleware, microcode, a hardware description language, or another name.

[0240] Furthermore, software, instructions, information, etc., may be transmitted and received via a transmission medium. For example, if software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using at least one of wired technology (such as coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, or Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)) and wireless technology (such as infrared or microwave), then at least one of these wired and wireless technologies is included in the definition of a transmission medium.

[0241] The terms “system” and “network” as used in this disclosure may be used interchangeably. “Network” may also mean the equipment included in the network (e.g., base stations).

[0242] In this disclosure, terms such as "precoding," "precoder," "weight (precoding weight)," "quasi-co-location (QCL)," "transmission configuration indication state (TCI state)," "spatial relation," "spatial domain filter," "transmit power," "phase rotation," "antenna port," "antenna port group," "layer," "number of layers," "rank," "resource," "resource set," "resource group," "beam," "beam width," "beam angle," "antenna," "antenna element," and "panel" may be used interchangeably.

[0243] In this disclosure, terms such as "Base Station (BS)", "wireless base station", "fixed station", "NodeB", "eNB (eNodeB)", "gNB (gNodeB)", "access point", "Transmission Point (TP)", "Reception Point (RP)", "Transmission / Reception Point (TRP)", "panel", "cell", "sector", "cell group", "carrier", and "component carrier" may be used interchangeably. Base stations may also be referred to by terms such as macrocell, small cell, femtocell, and picocell.

[0244] A base station can house one or more (e.g., three) cells. If a base station houses multiple cells, the entire coverage area of ​​the base station can be divided into several smaller areas, each of which may also be provided with communication services by a base station subsystem (e.g., a small indoor base station (Remote Radio Head (RRH))). The terms “cell” or “sector” refer to part or all of the coverage area of ​​at least one of the base station and / or base station subsystems that provide communication services in that coverage.

[0245] In this disclosure, the transmission of information by a base station to a terminal may be interpreted as the base station instructing the terminal to perform a control / operation based on said information.

[0246] In this disclosure, terms such as "Mobile Station (MS)," "user terminal," "User Equipment (UE)," and "terminal" may be used interchangeably.

[0247] A mobile station may also be called a subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, wireless unit, remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, wireless terminal, remote terminal, handset, user agent, mobile client, client, or some other appropriate term.

[0248] At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be called a transmitting device, a receiving device, a wireless communication device, etc. At least one of the base station and the mobile station may also be a device mounted on a moving object, the moving object itself, etc.

[0249] The term "mobile object" refers to any movable object, regardless of its speed, and naturally includes cases where the mobile object is stationary. Examples of such mobile objects include, but are not limited to, vehicles, transport vehicles, automobiles, motorcycles, bicycles, connected cars, excavators, bulldozers, wheel loaders, dump trucks, forklifts, trains, buses, handcarts, rickshaws, ships and other watercraft, airplanes, rockets, satellites, drones, multicopters, quadcopters, balloons, and items carried on them. Furthermore, such mobile objects may be autonomously driven objects operating based on operational commands.

[0250] The mobile entity may be a vehicle (e.g., a car, an airplane), an unmanned mobile entity (e.g., a drone, an autonomous vehicle), or a robot (manned or unmanned). At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be a device that does not necessarily move during communication operations. For example, at least one of the base station and the mobile station may be an Internet of Things (IoT) device such as a sensor.

[0251] Figure 12 shows an example of a vehicle according to one embodiment. The vehicle 40 includes a drive unit 41, a steering unit 42, an accelerator pedal 43, a brake pedal 44, a shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, an axle 48, an electronic control unit 49, various sensors (including a current sensor 50, a rotation speed sensor 51, a pneumatic pressure sensor 52, a vehicle speed sensor 53, an acceleration sensor 54, an accelerator pedal sensor 55, a brake pedal sensor 56, a shift lever sensor 57, and an object detection sensor 58), an information service unit 59, and a communication module 60.

[0252] The drive unit 41 consists of, for example, at least one of an engine, a motor, or an engine-motor hybrid. The steering unit 42 includes at least a steering wheel (also called a handle) and is configured to steer at least one of the front wheels 46 and the rear wheels 47 based on the operation of the steering wheel operated by the user.

[0253] The electronic control unit 49 consists of a microprocessor 61, memory (ROM, RAM) 62, and communication ports (e.g., input / output (IO) ports) 63. Signals from various sensors 50-58 installed in the vehicle are input to the electronic control unit 49. The electronic control unit 49 may also be called an Electronic Control Unit (ECU).

[0254] Signals from various sensors 50-58 include current signals from current sensor 50 for sensing motor current, rotational speed signals of front wheels 46 / rear wheels 47 acquired by rotational speed sensor 51, air pressure signals of front wheels 46 / rear wheels 47 acquired by air pressure sensor 52, vehicle speed signals acquired by vehicle speed sensor 53, acceleration signals acquired by acceleration sensor 54, accelerator pedal depression signal of accelerator pedal 43 acquired by accelerator pedal sensor 55, brake pedal depression signal of brake pedal 44 acquired by brake pedal sensor 56, operation signals of shift lever 45 acquired by shift lever sensor 57, and detection signals for detecting obstacles, vehicles, pedestrians, etc., acquired by object detection sensor 58.

[0255] The information service unit 59 is composed of various devices for providing (outputting) various information such as driving information, traffic information, and entertainment information, such as a car navigation system, an audio system, a speaker, a display, a television, and a radio, and one or more ECUs for controlling these devices. The information service unit 59 uses the information acquired from an external device via a communication module 60 or the like to provide various information / services (for example, multimedia information / multimedia services) to the passengers of the vehicle 40.

[0256] The information service unit 59 may include an input device (for example, a keyboard, a mouse, a microphone, a switch, a button, a sensor, a touch panel, etc.) for receiving external input, or may include an output device (for example, a display, a speaker, an LED lamp, a touch panel, etc.) for performing external output.

[0257] The driving support system unit 64 is composed of various devices for providing functions for preventing accidents and reducing the driving load of the driver, such as a millimeter-wave radar, Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR), a camera, a positioning locator (for example, Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), etc.), map information (for example, High Definition (HD) map, Autonomous Vehicle (AV) map, etc.), a gyro system (for example, Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU), Inertial Navigation System (INS), etc.), an Artificial Intelligence (AI) chip, an AI processor, and one or more ECUs for controlling these devices. In addition, the driving support system unit 64 transmits and receives various information via the communication module 60 to realize a driving support function or an autonomous driving function.

[0258] The communication module 60 can communicate with the microprocessor 61 and components of the vehicle 40 via the communication port 63. For example, the communication module 60 sends and receives data (information) via the communication port 63 to the drive unit 41, steering unit 42, accelerator pedal 43, brake pedal 44, shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axle 48, the microprocessor 61 and memory (ROM, RAM) 62 in the electronic control unit 49, and various sensors 50-58 provided in the vehicle 40.

[0259] The communication module 60 is a communication device that can be controlled by the microprocessor 61 of the electronic control unit 49 and can communicate with external devices. For example, it can send and receive various types of information to and from external devices via wireless communication. The communication module 60 may be located either inside or outside the electronic control unit 49. The external device may be, for example, the base station 10 or the user terminal 20 described above. Alternatively, the communication module 60 may be, for example, at least one of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 (it may function as at least one of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20).

[0260] The communication module 60 may transmit at least one of the following to an external device via wireless communication: signals from the various sensors 50-58 input to the electronic control unit 49, information obtained based on said signals, and information based on input from an external source (user) obtained via the information service unit 59. The electronic control unit 49, the various sensors 50-58, the information service unit 59, etc., may also be called input units that accept input. For example, the PUSCH transmitted by the communication module 60 may include information based on the above input.

[0261] The communication module 60 receives various information (traffic information, signal information, inter-vehicle information, etc.) transmitted from an external device and displays it on the information service unit 59 installed in the vehicle. The information service unit 59 may also be called an output unit, which outputs information (for example, it outputs information to devices such as displays and speakers based on the PDSCH (or data / information decoded from the PDSCH) received by the communication module 60).

[0262] Furthermore, the communication module 60 stores various information received from external devices in a memory 62 that can be used by the microprocessor 61. Based on the information stored in the memory 62, the microprocessor 61 may control the drive unit 41, steering unit 42, accelerator pedal 43, brake pedal 44, shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axle 48, various sensors 50-58, etc., which are provided in the vehicle 40.

[0263] Furthermore, the term "base station" in this disclosure may be interpreted as "user terminal." For example, the various aspects / embodiments of this disclosure may be applied to a configuration in which communication between a base station and a user terminal is replaced with communication between multiple user terminals (which may be called, for example, Device-to-Device (D2D), Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X)). In this case, the user terminal 20 may have the functions that the base station 10 has. Also, terms such as "uplink" and "downlink" may be interpreted as terms corresponding to terminal-to-terminal communication (for example, "sidelink"). For example, uplink channel and downlink channel may be interpreted as sidelink channel.

[0264] Similarly, the term "user terminal" in this disclosure may be replaced with "base station." In this case, the base station 10 may be configured to have the same functions as the user terminal 20 described above.

[0265] In this disclosure, operations performed by a base station may, in some cases, be performed by its upper node. In a network including one or more network nodes with base stations, it is clear that various operations performed for communication with terminals may be performed by the base station, one or more network nodes other than the base station (for example, a Mobility Management Entity (MME), a Serving Gateway (S-GW), etc., but not limited to these), or a combination thereof.

[0266] Each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure may be used individually, in combination, or switched between during execution. Furthermore, the processing procedures, sequences, flowcharts, etc., of each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure may be rearranged in order, provided they are consistent. For example, the methods described in this disclosure present various step elements in an exemplary order and are not limited to that specific order.

[0267] Each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure includes Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), LTE-Beyond (LTE-B), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4th generation mobile communication system (4G), 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), xth generation mobile communication system (xG (where x is, for example, an integer or decimal)), Future Radio Access (FRA), New-Radio Access Technology (RAT), New Radio (NR), New radio access (NX), Future generation radio access (FX), Global System for Mobile communications (GSM®), CDMA2000, Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi®), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX®), and IEEE This may apply to systems utilizing 802.20, Ultra-WideBand (UWB), Bluetooth®, or other appropriate wireless communication methods, as well as next-generation systems that are extended, modified, created, or defined based on these. It may also apply to combinations of multiple systems (e.g., a combination of LTE or LTE-A and 5G).

[0268] In this disclosure, the phrase "based on" does not mean "based solely on" unless otherwise specified. In other words, the phrase "based on" means both "based solely on" and "based at least on."

[0269] Any reference to elements using the designations “first,” “second,” etc., as used in this disclosure does not generally limit the quantity or order of those elements. These designations may be used in this disclosure as a convenient way to distinguish between two or more elements. Accordingly, the references to the first and second elements do not imply that only two elements may be employed or that the first element must precede the second element in any way.

[0270] The term “determining” as used in this disclosure may encompass a wide variety of actions. For example, “determining” may be considered to include judging, calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up, searching, inquiry (e.g., searching in tables, databases, or other data structures), ascertaining, etc.

[0271] Furthermore, "judgment (decision)" may be considered as "judging (deciding)" things like receiving (e.g., receiving information), transmitting (e.g., sending information), input, output, accessing (e.g., accessing data in memory).

[0272] Furthermore, "judgment (decision)" can be considered as "judging (deciding)" something like resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, comparing, etc. In other words, "judgment (decision)" can be considered as "judging (deciding)" something about an action.

[0273] Furthermore, "judgment (decision)" can be replaced with "assuming," "expecting," or "considering."

[0274] The term "maximum transmit power" as used in this disclosure may mean the maximum value of the transmit power, the nominal UE maximum transmit power, or the rated UE maximum transmit power.

[0275] As used in this disclosure, the terms “connected,” “coupled,” and any variations thereof mean any direct or indirect connection or coupling between two or more elements, and may include one or more intermediate elements between two elements that are “connected” or “coupled” with each other. The coupling or connection between elements may be physical, logical, or a combination thereof. For example, “connection” may be replaced with “access.”

[0276] In this disclosure, when two elements are connected, they can be considered to be “connected” or “coupled” to each other using one or more wires, cables, printed electrical connections, etc., and, in some non-exclusive and non-exclusive examples, electromagnetic energy having wavelengths in the radio frequency domain, microwave domain, or optical domain (both visible and invisible).

[0277] In this disclosure, the term "A and B are different" may mean "A and B are different from each other." The term may also mean "A and B are each different from C." Terms such as "separate" and "combine" may be interpreted similarly to "different."

[0278] Where the terms “include,” “including,” and variations thereof are used in this disclosure, these terms are intended to be inclusive, as is the term “comprising.” Furthermore, the term “or” as used in this disclosure is not intended to mean exclusive OR.

[0279] In this disclosure, if articles are added by translation, such as a, an, and the in English, this disclosure may include the fact that the noun following these articles is plural.

[0280] In this disclosure, terms such as "less than or equal to," "less than," "greater than or equal to," "more than," and "equal to" may be interpreted interchangeably. In addition, in this disclosure, terms meaning "good," "bad," "big," "small," "high," "low," "early," "slow," "wide," and "narrow" may be interpreted interchangeably, not limited to the positive, comparative, and superlative degrees. Furthermore, in this disclosure, terms meaning "good," "bad," "big," "small," "high," "low," "early," "slow," "wide," and "narrow" may be interpreted interchangeably, not limited to the positive, comparative, and superlative degrees, by adding "i-th" (where i is any integer) to the expression (for example, "highest" may be interpreted interchangeably with "i-th highest").

[0281] In this disclosure, "of," "for," "regarding," "related to," and "associated with" may be interpreted as being interchangeable.

[0282] Although the invention described herein has been explained in detail above, it will be clear to those skilled in the art that the invention described herein is not limited to the embodiments described herein. The invention described herein can be implemented in modified and altered forms without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the claims. Therefore, the descriptions herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not imply any limitation on the invention described herein.

Claims

1. A control unit that determines an upper limit of the second transmission power of a second uplink transmission based on at least one of a specific maximum output power, a resource amount used for one or more first uplink transmissions, and the first transmission power used for one or more first uplink transmissions, It includes a transmitting unit that performs the second uplink transmission using the second transmission power, The control unit determines the available energy based on the specific maximum output power within a specific period, and determines the upper limit within the specific period based on the available energy.

2. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein the specified maximum output power is 30 dBm or more, or lower than 23 dBm.

3. A step of determining an upper limit of the second transmission power of a second uplink transmission based on at least one of a specific maximum output power, the amount of resources used for one or more first uplink transmissions, and the first transmission power used for one or more first uplink transmissions; The steps include performing the second uplink transmission using the second transmission power, A step of determining available energy based on the specified maximum output power within a specific period, A wireless communication method for a terminal, comprising the step of determining the upper limit within a specific period based on the available energy.

4. A control unit that controls the reception of one or more first uplink transmissions, It has a receiving unit that receives a second uplink transmission, The upper limit of the second transmission power of the second uplink transmission is based on at least one of a specific maximum output power, the amount of resources used for the one or more first uplink transmissions, and the first transmission power used for the one or more first uplink transmissions. The upper limit within a specific period is determined based on the available energy, which is determined based on the specific maximum output power within that period, for a base station.

5. A system having a terminal and a base station, The terminal includes a control unit that determines an upper limit of the second transmission power for a second uplink transmission based on at least one of a specific maximum output power, a resource amount used for one or more first uplink transmissions, and a first transmission power used for one or more first uplink transmissions. It includes a transmitting unit that performs the second uplink transmission using the second transmission power, The control unit determines the available energy based on the specific maximum output power within a specific period, and determines the upper limit within the specific period based on the available energy. The base station includes a control unit that controls the reception of one or more first uplink transmissions, A system comprising: a receiving unit that receives the second uplink transmission.

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