Black PDLC dimming film and dimming glass

Abstract

Provided is a black PDLC dimming film, including a first flexible substrate, a first conductive layer, a polymer liquid crystal layer, a second conductive layer, a second flexible substrate sequentially laminated. The liquid crystal material within the polymer liquid crystal layer includes a polymer doped with liquid crystal molecules and dye molecules with positive dielectric anisotropy Δε. A polarizer is provided in a path of light emitted from the polymer liquid crystal layer, and the structure of the polarizer may be approximated as a filter, which has the effect of select a portion of the light travelling in a specific polarization direction, and block scattered light in other directions. The color of the polarizer itself is gray-black, the combination of the two can change the traditional PDLC dimming film itself matte white is not enough senior effect, so that it is suitable for more high-end application scenarios.

Description

BLACK PDLC DIMMING FILM AND DIMMING GLASSTECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of dimming film, and in particular to a black PDLC dimming film and dimming glass.BACKGROUND

[0002] The core layer of traditional PDLC liquid crystal dimming film is usually a mixture of polymer and liquid crystal, and the liquid crystal molecules are arranged in the same direction along the electric field when energized, and the refractive index of polymer and liquid crystal in this direction is the same without obvious scattering, showing a more transparent state. However, due to the existence of refractive index anisotropy of liquid crystal molecules, while the polymer is isotropic refractive index, so when we tilt to view the liquid crystal film, the refractive index of liquid crystal molecules in the viewing direction will have a large difference with the polymer refractive index, so it is bound to trigger the haze, presenting a foggy white hazy and unclear state, narrower viewing angle, seriously affect the perception, the use of higher-grade dimming scenes is limited.SUMMARY

[0003] The main purpose of the present disclosure is to propose a black PDLC dimming film, which significantly improves the problem of high haze when viewing from large viewing angles of traditional PDLC dimming film, significantly expands the viewing angle, while effectively eliminating stray light and glare to get a clearer view.

[0004] In view of the above, in an aspect, the present disclosure first proposes a black PDLC dimming film including a first flexible substrate, a first conductive layer, a polymer liquid crystal layer, a second conductive layer, a second flexible substrate sequentially laminated. The liquid crystal materials within the polymer liquid crystal layer include a polymer doped with liquid crystal molecules and dye molecules with positive dielectric anisotropy Ae; when the polymer liquid crystal layer is energized, the black PDLC dimming film is transmissive, the transmittance of the black PDLC dimming film in a transmissive state ranges from 10% to 70%, when the polymer liquid crystal layer is de-energized, the black PDLC dimming film is in a dark state, thetransmittance of the black PDLC dimming film in the dark state ranges from 0.5% -10%; each of the black PDLC dimming film liquid crystal layer thickness ranges from 10 pm to 20 m; andeach of the first flexible substrate and the second flexible substrate material is one of PI, PC, PET, COP, COC, or TAC.

[0005] In an embodiment, the black PDLC dimming film includes a white PDLC film and a first polarizing sheet (or first polarizer), and the first polarizing sheet is fixedly affixed to the first flexible substrate or the second flexible substrate; and the black PDLC dimming film further includes a functional layer, the functional layer is pasted and fixed on the first polarizer, and the functional layer has anti-rainbow, anti-scratch, anti-fingerprint, anti-reflective, and / or anti-infrared UV functions.

[0006] In an embodiment, the black PDLC dimming film further includes a second polarizer, the first polarizer and the second polarizer are fixedly pasted on the same side of the polymer liquid crystal layer, the angle between the absorption axis of the first polarizer and the absorption axis of the second polarizer is in a range of 0-90 degrees, the first polarizer and the second polarizer are used to absorb part of the scattered light.

[0007] In an embodiment, the first conductive layer is set on the first polarizer, the second conductive layer is set on the second polarizer, and the black PDLC dimming film has a hierarchical structure where the first polarizer, the first conductive layer, the polymer liquid crystal layer, the second conductive layer, and the second polarizer are laminated in that order.

[0008] In an embodiment, the black PDLC dimming film further includes an insulation film, where the insulation film is provided between the first flexible substrate and the first polarizing sheet or between the second flexible substrate and the second polarizing sheet.

[0009] In an embodiment, the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer are both transparent conductive layers.

[0010] The present disclosure also proposes a dimming glass including the black PDLC dimming film as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0011] In an embodiment, the dimming glass includes a first glass layer, a first adhesive layer, a black PDLC dimming film, a second adhesive layer, and a second glass layer sequentially laminated; and the dimming glass is curved glass.

[0012] In an embodiment, the first glass layer is provided with an anti-infrared coating layer forreflecting infrared rays.

[0013] In an embodiment, the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer include PVB material.

[0014] In an embodiment, the first adhesive layer of PVB material is mixed with UV absorbing material.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of the technical solution of the present invention is that:

[0016] 1. In the present invention, the liquid crystal material in the polymer liquid crystal layer is doped with liquid crystal molecules and dye molecules with positive dielectric anisotropy A e in the polymer, and when the power is off, the liquid crystal molecules and dye molecules are chaotically arranged in the polymer, and the refractive index of their mixture is different in each direction, which is highly scattered in the fog state. When energized, the liquid crystal molecules drive the dye molecules, whose molecular long axis is perpendicular to the direction of electric field and evenly arranged parallel to the surface of the substrate, at this time the dye molecules have the characteristics of polarizer in the horizontal direction, which can selectively pass the light polarized in a particular direction and absorb the light scattered by other directions of polarization, making the black PDLC dimming film present a wide angle of view and a clear field of view.

[0017] 2.This black PDLC dimming film has a polarizer in the path of the light emitted from the polymer liquid crystal layer. The structure of the polarizer can be approximated as a filter, which has the effect of selecting the light passing through a specific polarization direction, so it can eliminate / block the scattered light in other directions, significantly reduce the haze caused by scattered light in multiple directions, and get a clearer and wider field of view. At the same time, the color of the polarizer itself is gray-black, two polarizers and PDLC combined with each other, can change the traditional PDLC dimming film itself fog white is not enough senior effect, in the dark state when the transmission rate of 1 %-6%, appear more black, so that it is suitable for more high-grade application scenarios.

[0018] 3. The dimming glass in the present disclosure uses the black PDLC dimming film proposed in the present disclosure, which makes the glass have good dimming function and can be used as privacy glass, and the transmission rate of the glass is extremely low when the dimming film is in the dark state. And the dimming glass of the present invention does anti-UV and anti-infrared treatment, which can well protect the internal dimming film from damage due to high intensity irradiation by infrared and UV.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the black PDLC dimming film ofExample 1;

[0020] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the black PDLC dimming film ofExample 2;

[0021] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the hierarchical structure of the black PDLC dimming film of Example 2;

[0022] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the black PDLC dimming film ofExample 3;

[0023] FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the black PDLC dimming film ofExample 4;

[0024] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the black PDLC dimming film ofExample 5;

[0025] FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the black PDLC dimming film ofExample 6;

[0026] FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the dimming glass of Example 8;

[0027] FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the liquid crystal within the polymeric liquid crystal layer;

[0028] FIG. 10 shows a graphical relationship between the refractive index ne of the liquid crystal molecules in the vertical direction is not equal to the refractive index ih in the horizontal direction;

[0029] FIG. 11 shows a schematic diagram of the viewing effect at different viewing angles in the conventional PDLC transmissive state;

[0030] FIG. 12 shows the optical line diagram of the energized state of the dimming film with positive dielectric anisotropy As of the liquid crystal molecule;

[0031] FIG. 13 is an optical line diagram of the dimming film with positive dielectric anisotropy As of the liquid crystal molecules in the de-energized state;

[0032] FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the black PDLC dimming film ofExample 9; and

[0033] FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the black PDLC dimming film ofExample 10.

[0034] List of reference signs:10: Black PDLC dimming 101 : First flexible substrate; 102: First conductive layer; film;103: Polymer liquid crystal 104: Second conductive 105: Second flexible layer; layer; substrate;200: First polarizer 300: Second polarizer 400: Functional layer500: Insulation film 600: First glass layer 700: First adhesive layer800: Second adhesive layer 900: Second glass layer 1031 : Liquid crystal molecule1032: Dye moleculeDETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] A clear and complete description of the embodiments in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be given below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure, and it is clear that the embodiments described are only a part of the embodiments in the present disclosure, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments in the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without making creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] Referring to FIGS. 1, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, this implementation proposes a black PDLC dimming film 10 including a first flexible substrate 101, a first conductive layer 102, a polymer liquid crystal layer 103, a second conductive layer 104, and a second flexible substrate 105 in sequential lamination (or sequentially laminated). The liquid crystal material within the polymer liquid crystal layer 103 is a polymer doped with liquid crystal molecules 1031 and dye molecules 1032 with positive dielectric anisotropy As. Conventional liquid crystal layers within PDLCdimming films are usually doped with simple liquid crystal molecules 1031 with positive dielectric anisotropy As in the polymer, and the liquid crystal molecules 1031 are aligned in the direction of the long axis parallel to the electric field when energized. The refractive index of polymer is isotropic, the refractive index of polymer is np, and the refractive index of liquid crystal molecule1031 is anisotropic, the vertical refractive index i is not equal to the horizontal refractive index no. At this time, the vertical refractive index ne of liquid crystal molecule 1031 is set equal to the refractive index npof polymer, so when viewed perpendicular to the surface of the substrate, the refractive index of both is the same, and the state of low haze permeability is realized. However, when viewed at an angle, the refractive index of the liquid crystal molecule 1031 is between no and ne, which is significantly different from the refractive index npof the polymer, and thus exhibits a scattering haze.

[0038] In this embodiment, a dye liquid crystal molecule 1031 doped with a certain percentage of polymer is proposed, wherein the dielectric anisotropy Ae of the liquid crystal molecule 1031 is positive, i.e., the long axis of the liquid crystal molecule 1031 is oriented parallel to the electric field direction when energized and aligned perpendicular to the surface of the substrate.

[0039] When the power is disconnected, the liquid crystal molecules 1031 and the dye molecules1032 are chaotically arranged in the polymer, and the refractive indices of their mixture are different in all directions, and they appear as a highly scattered fog state, and due to the presence of the dye molecules 1032, the fog state at this time shows the color of the dye, such as fog gray or fog black, etc.

[0040] When energized, the liquid crystal molecule 1031 drives the dye molecule 1032, whose molecular long axis is parallel to the electric field direction and evenly arranged perpendicular to the surface of the substrate. At this time, the dye molecule 1032 has the characteristics of a polarizer in the vertical direction, which can selectively pass the light polarized in a particular direction and absorb the scattered light polarized in other directions, making the dye PDLC present a wide viewing angle and a clear field of view.

[0041] When the polymer liquid crystal layer is energized, the black PDLC dimming film is transmissive, and the transmittance of the black PDLC dimming film in a transmissive state ranges from 10% to 70%. When the polymer liquid crystal layer is de-energized, the black PDLC dimming film is in a dark state, and the transmittance of the black PDLC dimming film in the darkstate ranges from 0.5% -10%.

[0042] Example 2

[0043] Referring to FIGS. 2 and 3, this embodiment proposes a black PDLC dimming film 10 including a first flexible substrate 101, a first conductive layer 102, a polymer liquid crystal layer 103, a second conductive layer 104, and a second flexible substrate 105 laminated in sequence, with a first polarizing sheet 200 and a second polarizing sheet 300 affixed to the side of the second flexible substrate 105 back from the polymer liquid crystal layer 103, and two polarizing sheets for absorbing part of the scattered light. The first flexible substrate 101, the first conductive layer 102, the polymer liquid crystal layer 103, the second conductive layer 104, the second flexible substrate 105, and the polarizer are all fixed using an optical adhesive. The angle between the absorption axis of the first polarizer 200 and the absorption axis of the second polarizer is in the range of 0-90 degrees, and in this embodiment, the angle between the absorption axis of the first polarizer 200 and the absorption axis of the second polarizer is set to 25 degrees.

[0044] The material of the first conductive layer 102 and the second conductive layer 104 is ITO, and the material of the first flexible substrate 101 and the second flexible substrate 105 is one of PI, PC, PET, COP, COC, or TAC, with preference for PET.

[0045] Please refer to FIG. 11, FIG. 11 is the traditional PDLC dimming film in the transmissive state of the viewing effect of different perspectives, the core layer of the traditional PDLC dimming film is usually a mixture of polymer and liquid crystal, when energized liquid crystal molecules 1031 are arranged in the same direction along the electric field, the direction of the polymer and liquid crystal refractive index of the same, no significant scattering, showing a more permeable state. However, due to the existence of liquid crystal molecules 1031 refractive index anisotropy, and polymer is isotropic refractive index, so when we tilt the viewing, liquid crystal molecules 1031 in the viewing direction of the refractive index of polymer refractive index there will be a large difference, so it is bound to trigger the haze, showing a foggy white hazy and unclear state, narrower viewing angle, seriously affect the perception, the use of higher-grade dimming scenes is limited.

[0046] Please refer to FIG. 10, the refractive index of the polymer is isotropic and the refractive index of the polymer is np, while the refractive index of the liquid crystal molecule 1031 is anisotropic. The refractive index nein the vertical direction is not equal to the refractive index noin the horizontal direction. However, when viewed at an angle, the refractive index of the liquid crystal molecule 1031 is between no and ne, which is significantly different from the refractive index npof the polymer, and thus exhibits a scattering haze.

[0047] When the polymer liquid crystal layer 103 is viewed at an angle, light is scattered and a fog state is formed because of the difference between the refractive index of the liquid crystal and that of the polymer. Scattered light can be approximated as a collection of polarized light vibrating in multiple directions. At this time, two polarizer layers are set in the path of the polymer liquid crystal layer 103 outgoing light from the polymer liquid crystal layer, and the structure of the polarizer can be approximated as a filter, which has the effect of selecting the light passing through a particular polarization direction, so that scattered light in other directions can be eliminated / blocked and the haze caused by multi-directional scattered light can be substantially reduced to obtain a clearer field of view. At the same time, the color of the polarizer itself is grayblack, the combination of the two can change the traditional PDLC dimming film itself matte white is not enough senior effect, so that it is suitable for more high-end application scenarios.

[0048] Example 3

[0049] Please refer to FIG. 4, this embodiment presents a black PDLC dimming film 10 including a first flexible substrate 101, a first conductive layer 102, a polymer liquid crystal layer 103, a second conductive layer 104, and a first polarizer 200 in a sequential lamination. The second conductive layer 104 of this embodiment is directly set on the second polarizer 300, which has one less layer of flexible substrate compared to Example 1, and can effectively reduce the overall thickness of the dimming film and lower the production cost. While there is one less layer of flexible substrate, it is also able to effectively increase the transmission rate of the membrane, and the influence of one less layer of structure body makes the light through the membrane is affected by a lower level. In terms of manufacturing process, just plating the second conductive layer 104 on the the first polarizer 200 saves a big step than the original manufacturing process, the production cost is lower and the manufacturing speed can be faster. The lower thickness of the dimming film can be applied to a wider range of scenarios.

[0050] Example 4

[0051] Referring to FIG.5, this embodiment presents a black PDLC dimming film 10 including a first polarizer 200, a first conductive layer 102, a polymer liquid crystal layer 103, a secondconductive layer 104, and a second polarizer 300 in a sequential lamination. The first conductive layer 102 and the second conductive layer 104 are plated on the first polarizer 200 and the second polarizer 300 respectively, and then the polymer liquid crystal layer 103 is sandwiched between the two conductive layers, the dimming film of this embodiment is equivalent to directly using the polarizer as the substrate, which can play a role in adjusting the viewing angle width in addition to the thickness of the dimming film. This implementation uses two polarizers, so that the dimming film can be better adjusted to the range of viewing angles, and can have more direction to choose.

[0052] Example 5

[0053] Please refer to FIG. 6, this embodiment presents a black PDLC dimming film 10 including a first flexible substrate 101, a first conductive layer 102, a polymer liquid crystal layer 103, a second conductive layer 104, a second flexible substrate 105, an insulation film (or diaphragm) 500 for thermal insulation, and a second polarizing sheet 300 in a sequential lamination. The first flexible substrate 101 and the second flexible substrate 105 are made of PET material. PI, PC, PET, COP, COC, TAC, and other materials have a non-uniform refractive index, and the light transmitted through them has a light range difference, which is easy to interfere with the polarizer and form a rainbow phenomenon. Therefore, in this implementation, a layer of the insulation film 500 is added between the second flexible substrate 105 and the second polarizer 300. The insulation film 500 is an existing film that can be used directly. The insulation film 500 is a special material layer that can change the optical range difference, either by reducing the optical range difference, or by expanding it beyond the visible light, or by making the light with the optical range difference into natural light with uniform distribution of the optical range difference, etc., so that the light reaching the polarizer layer does not produce interference and thus eliminates interference rainbows.

[0054] Example 6

[0055] Please refer to FIG. 7, this embodiment proposes a black PDLC dimming film 10 including a first flexible substrate 101, a first conductive layer 102, a polymer liquid crystal layer 103, a second conductive layer 104, a second flexible substrate 105, a second polarizing sheet 300, and a functional layer 400 in a sequential lamination. A variety of functional layers 400 can be provided on the second polarizer 300, and the functional layer 400 can be a combination of the following single functional structures or multiple functional structures: 1. Hardness coat (HC)hardening layer: prevent scratches, with hardness ranging from OB to 10H; 2. Anti-reflection (AR) layer: reduce surface reflection and increase blackness; 3. Anti-fingerprint layer (AF): prevent residual fingerprints and other stain marks on the surface; 4. Anti-ultraviolet (UV) and anti-red line layer; and 5. A layer that can enhance its functionality. It should be noted that the functional layer 400 is not limited to being provided on the polarizer, but can also be provided on the flexible substrate on both sides of the PDLC or on either structural layer.

[0056] Example 7

[0057] Please refer to FIGS. 9, 12, 13, this implementation proposes a black PDLC dimming film 10 including a first flexible substrate 101, a first conductive layer 102, a polymer liquid crystal layer 103, a second conductive layer 104, and a second flexible substrate 105 laminated in sequence, with a second polarizer 300 affixed to the side of the second flexible substrate 105 back from the polymer liquid crystal layer 103. The liquid crystal material within the polymer liquid crystal layer 103 is a polymer doped with liquid crystal molecules 1031 and dye molecules 1032 with positive dielectric anisotropy Ae. Conventional liquid crystal layers within PDLC dimming films are usually doped with simple liquid crystal molecules 1031 with positive dielectric anisotropy As in the polymer, and the liquid crystal molecules 1031 are aligned in the direction of the long axis parallel to the electric field when energized. The refractive index of polymer is isotropic, the refractive index of polymer is np, and the refractive index of liquid crystal molecule 1031 is anisotropic, the vertical refractive index ne is not equal to the horizontal refractive index no. At this time, the vertical refractive index ne of liquid crystal molecule 1031 is set equal to the refractive index npof polymer, so when viewed perpendicular to the surface of the substrate, the refractive index of both is the same, and the state of low haze permeability is realized. However, when viewed at an angle, the refractive index of the liquid crystal molecule 1031 is between no and ne, which is significantly different from the refractive index npof the polymer, and thus exhibits a scattering haze.

[0058] In this embodiment, a dye liquid crystal molecule 1031 doped with a certain percentage of polymer is proposed, wherein the dielectric anisotropy Ae of the liquid crystal molecule 1031 is positive, i.e., the long axis of the liquid crystal molecule 1031 is oriented parallel to the electric field direction when energized and aligned perpendicular to the surface of the substrate.

[0059] When the power is disconnected, the liquid crystal molecules 1031 and the dye molecules1032 are chaotically arranged in the polymer, and the refractive indices of their mixture are different in all directions, and they appear as a highly scattered fog state, and due to the presence of the dye molecules 1032, the fog state at this time shows the color of the dye, such as fog gray or fog black, etc.

[0060] When energized, the liquid crystal molecule 1031 drives the dye molecule 1032, whose molecular long axis is parallel to the electric field direction and evenly arranged perpendicular to the surface of the substrate. At this time, the dye molecule 1032 has the characteristics of a polarizer in the vertical direction, which can selectively pass the light polarized in a particular direction and absorb the scattered light polarized in other directions, making the dye PDLC present a wide viewing angle and a clear field of view.

[0061] Example 8

[0062] Please refer to FIG. 8, a dimming glass is presented in this implementation, which uses the black PDLC dimming film 10 described in Example 1. The dimming glass includes a first glass layer 600, a first adhesive layer 700, a black PDLC dimming film 10, a second adhesive layer 800, and a second glass layer 900 that are sequentially laminated. The first glass layer 600 is provided with an anti-infrared coating layer for reflecting infrared rays. The first adhesive layer 700 and the second adhesive layer 800 is made of PVB material. The PVB material of the first adhesive layer 700 is mixed with UV absorbing material.

[0063] The first glass layer 600 is provided with an anti-infrared coating layer, which can make the dimming glass has a good anti-infrared function, when the production of the first adhesive layer 700 added to the ultraviolet-absorbing materials, so that the first adhesive layer 700 also has the function of absorbing ultraviolet light. When the dimming glass to the first glass layer 600 side as the sunny side, infrared and UV protection will be able to protect the dimming film held inside, to prevent the rapid aging of the liquid crystal material inside, to increase the product life of the role.

[0064] In this implementation, the first glass layer 600 and the second glass layer 900 do not necessarily have to be hard glass, but can be replaced with other transparent materials, depending on the actual needs. For example, by replacing the second glass layer 900 with a soft layer of transparent material, the soft layer of transparent material is the layer close to the interior of the vehicle when using this dimming glass into the vehicle.

[0065] Example 9

[0066] Please refer to FIG. 14, this embodiment presents a black PDLC dimming film 10 including a sequentially laminated functional layer 400, a first flexible substrate 101, a first conductive layer 102, a polymer liquid crystal layer 103, a second conductive layer 104, a second flexible substrate 105, and a second polarizer 300. A functional layer 400 is provided on the surface of the first flexible substrate 101, and the functional layer 400 can be a combination of the following single functional structure or multiple functional structures: 1, HC hardening layer: prevent scratches, hardness 0B-10H ranging; 2, Anti-reflection (AR) layer: reduce surface reflection and increase blackness; 3, Anti-fingerprint (AF) layer: prevent residual fingerprints and other stain marks on the surface; 4, anti-UV and anti-red line layer; 6 , anti-rainbow flexible film; 5, a layer that can enhance its functionality. In this embodiment, the functional layer 400 is mainly set as an anti-rainbow phenomenon film.

[0067] Example 10

[0068] Please refer to FIG. 15, this embodiment proposes a black PDLC dimming film 10 including a sequentially laminated functional layer 400, a first flexible substrate 101, a first conductive layer 102, a polymer liquid crystal layer 103, a second conductive layer 104, and a second flexible substrate 105, with a first polarizing sheet 200 and a second polarizing sheet 300 affixed to the side of the second flexible substrate 105 back from the polymer liquid crystal layer 103, and two polarizing sheets for absorbing part of the scattered light. The first flexible substrate 101, the first conductive layer 102, the polymer liquid crystal layer 103, the second conductive layer 104, the second flexible substrate 105, and the polarizer are all fixed using an optical adhesive. The angle between the absorption axis of the first polarizer 200 and the absorption axis of the second polarizer is 0-90 degrees, and in this embodiment, the angle between the absorption axis of the first polarizer 200 and the absorption axis of the second polarizer is set to 25 degrees. In this implementation, the functional layer 400 is an anti-rainbow flexible film, the primary role is to prevent the rainbow phenomenon in the black PDLC dimming film 10, but of course the functional layer 400 can be set to become a solar film, heat insulation film, anti-UV infrared film, etc. based on the actual needs of the anti-rainbow function.

[0069] It should be noted that the technical solutions between the various embodiments of the present disclosure can be combined with each other, but only on the basis of what can be achievedby a person of ordinary skill in the art, and when the combination of technical solutions appears contradictory or cannot be achieved it should be considered that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by the present disclosure.

[0070] The above mentioned are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, neither the text nor the accompanying drawings can thus limit the scope of protection of the present disclosure, and any equivalent structural transformation made by using the contents of the specification and the accompanying drawings under the conception of the present disclosure as a whole, or directly / indirectly applied in other related technical fields are included in the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

Claims

What is claimed is:

1. A black PDLC dimming film comprising a first flexible substrate, a first conductive layer, a polymer liquid crystal layer, a second conductive layer, and a second flexible substrate in successive layers, characterized in that liquid crystal materials in the polymer liquid crystal layer include a polymer doped with liquid crystal molecules and dye molecules with positive dielectric anisotropy, when the polymer liquid crystal layer is energized, the black PDLC dimming film is transmissive, and transmittance of the black PDLC dimming film in a transmissive state ranges from 10% to 70%, when the polymer liquid crystal layer is de-energized, the black PDLC dimming film is in a dark state, and the transmittance of the black PDLC dimming film in the dark state ranges from 0.5% -10%, a thickness of the polymer liquid crystal layer of the black PDLC dimming film liquid ranges from 10 pm to 20pm, and each of the first flexible substrate and the second flexible substrate material comprises one of PI, PC, PET, COP, COC, or TAC.

2. A black PDLC dimming film, characterized in that the black PDLC dimming film includes a white PDLC film and a first polarizer, wherein the first polarizer is fixedly pasted on a first flexible substrate or a second flexible substrate, and wherein the black PDLC dimming film further comprises a functional layer, the functional layer is affixed to the first polarizer, and the functional layer has anti-rainbow, anti-scratch, antifingerprint, anti-reflection, and / or anti-IR ultraviolet function.

3. The black PDLC dimming film according to claim 2, characterized in that the black PDLC dimming film further comprises a second polarizer, wherein the first polarizer and the second polarizer are fixedly pasted on a same side of a liquid crystal layer of the white PDLC film, an angle between an absorption axis of the first polarizer and an absorption axis of the second polarizer is in a range of 0-90 degrees, and the first polarizer and the second polarizer are configured to absorb part of scattered light.

4. The black PDLC dimming film according to claim 3, characterized in that the black PDLC dimming film further comprises a first conductive layer and a second conductive layer, the first conductive layer is provided on the first polarizer, the second conductive layer is provided on the second polarizer, and the black PDLC dimming film has a hierarchical structure where the first polarizer, the first conductive layer, the polymer liquid crystal layer, the second conductive layer, and the second polarizer are laminated in that order.

5. The black PDLC dimming film according to claim 3, characterized in that the black PDLC dimming film further comprises an insulation film, wherein the insulation film is provided between the first flexible substrate and the first polarizer or between the second flexible substrate and the second polarizer.

6. A dimming glass, characterized in that the dimming glass comprises the black PDLC dimming film of any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. The dimming glass according to claim 6, characterized in that the dimming glass comprises a first glass layer, a first adhesive layer, the black PDLC dimming film, a second adhesive layer, and a second glass layer sequentially laminated, and the dimming glass is curved glass.

8. The dimming glass according to claim 7, characterized in that the first glass layer is provided with an anti-infrared coating layer for reflecting infrared rays.

9. The dimming glass according to claim 8, characterized in that each of the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer comprises PVB material.

10. The dimming glass according to claim 9, characterized in that the PVB material of the first adhesive layer is mixed with UV-absorbing material.

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