Techniques for user equipment paging

Abstract

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described for paging a user equipment (UE) with concurrent connections to both a first network and a second network using one subscriber identity module (SIM). The UE may transmit one or more paging restrictions to one or more of the first network or the second network that indicates paging is restricted for communications on that network. The one or more paging restrictions may indicate that all paging via the first or second network is restricted, or may indicate that the paging restrictions are for certain protocol data unit (PDU) sessions. A network entity may receive a paging restriction message from a UE and may process paging messages based at least in part on the paging restriction message.

Description

TECHNIQUES FOR USER EQUIPMENT PAGINGCROSS REFERENCE

[0001] The present Application for Patent claims the benefit of Greece Patent Application No. 20230100764 by TONESI et al., entitled ‘TECHNIQUES FOR USER EQUIPMENT PAGING,” filed September 26, 2023, assigned to the assignee hereof, and expressly incorporated by reference herein.FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY

[0002] The following relates to wireless communications, including techniques for user equipment paging.BACKGROUND

[0003] Wireless communications systems are widely deployed to provide various types of communication content such as voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, and so on. These systems may be capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing the available system resources (e.g.. time, frequency, and power). Examples of such multiple-access systems include fourth generation (4G) systems such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems, LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) systems, or LTE-A Pro systems, and fifth generation (5G) systems which may be referred to as New Radio (NR) systems. These systems may employ technologies such as code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA), or discrete Fourier transform spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-S-OFDM). A wireless multiple-access communications system may include one or more base stations, each supporting wireless communication for communication devices, which may be known as user equipment (UE).SUMMARY

[0004] The described techniques relate to improved methods, systems, devices, and apparatuses that support techniques for user equipment (UE) paging. For example, the described techniques provide for a UE to establish a first connection with a first network using a first subscriber identity’ module (SIM), and to establish a second connection witha second network using the first SIM according to a dual 3GPP access (D3A) protocol data unit (PDU) session. In some aspects, the UE may transmit one or more paging restrictions to one or more of the first network or the second network that indicates paging is restricted for D3A communications on that network. In some aspects, the one or more paging restrictions are applied for dual access communications using a single SIM of the UE, and UEs that may have multiple SIMs may provide the D3A restrictions for each SIM separately. In some aspects, the one or more paging restrictions may indicate that all paging via the first or second network for D3A access is restricted, or may indicate that the paging restrictions are for certain PDU sessions (e.g.. a paging restriction applies for all D3A traffic except for voice service, except for specified PDU sessions, or any combinations thereof).

[0005] In some aspects, a network entity7may receive a paging restriction message from a UE that is operating according to D3A and that one or more paging restrictions are to be applied at the network entity, and may process paging messages based at least in part on the paging restriction message. For example, a network entity' (e.g., a session management function) of a first network may receive data for the UE and may try' to concurrently page the UE via both the first network and a second network by transmitting the paging message to an access and mobility function (AMF) at each network. In other examples, the network entity may transmit the paging message to a first AMF of the first network and then transmit to a second network AMF in the event of a paging rejection message is received. A served UE may monitor for paging from the networks in accordance with the indicated paging restriction, and may thus reduce power consumption, provide for more efficient network operation, and reduce latency.

[0006] A method for wireless communications by a user equipment (UE) is described. The method may include establishing a first communication session with a first network using a first subscriber identity module, establishing a second communication session with a second network using the first subscriber identity module, communications via the first communication session are contemporaneous with communications via the second communication session, and the first communication session and the second communication session are established according to a dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session, transmitting a first paging indication to a first networkenti ty of the first network that paging messages to the UE via the first network are restricted, and monitoring for one or more paging messages via the second network.

[0007] A UE for wireless communications is described. The UE may include one or more memories storing processor executable code, and one or more processors coupled with the one or more memories. The one or more processors may individually or collectively operable to execute the code to cause the UE to establish a first communication session with a first network using a first subscriber identity module, establish a second communication session with a second network using the first subscriber identity module, communications via the first communication session are contemporaneous with communications via the second communication session, and the first communication session and the second communication session are established according to a dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session, transmit a first paging indication to a first network entity of the first network that paging messages to the UE via the first network are restricted, and monitor for one or more paging messages via the second network.

[0008] Another UE for wireless communications is described. The UE may include means for establishing a first communication session with a first network using a first subscriber identity module, means for establishing a second communication session with a second network using the first subscriber identity module, communications via the first communication session are contemporaneous with communications via the second communication session, and the first communication session and the second communication session are established according to a dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session, means for transmitting a first paging indication to a first network entity of the first network that paging messages to the UE via the first network are restricted, and means for monitoring for one or more paging messages via the second network.

[0009] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communications is described. The code may include instructions executable by a processor to establish a first communication session with a first network using a first subscriber identity module, establish a second communication session with a second network using the first subscriber identity module, communications via the first communication session are contemporaneous with communications via the second communication session, and the first communication session and the secondcommunication session are established according to a dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session, transmit a first paging indication to a first network entity of the first network that paging messages to the UE via the first network are restricted, and monitor for one or more paging messages via the second network.

[0010] In some examples of the method. UEs. and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the first network may be a first public land mobile network (PLMN) or a first non-public network (NPN), and the second network may be a second PLMN or a second NPN.

[0011] In some examples of the method. UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the transmitting the first paging indication may include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting a first registration request or a first service request to the first network entity that indicates at least a portion of paging messages to the UE via the first network are restricted for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session.

[0012] Some examples of the method. UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting a second registration request or a second sendee request to a second network entity of the second network that does not include any paging restrictions associated with the second network or includes different paging restrictions than the first network for at least a portion of paging messages to the UE via the second network.

[0013] Some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving, from a second network entity of the second network, a first paging message that indicates the UE is to communicate with the first network, initiating communications with the first network responsive to the first paging message, and receiving one or more downlink communications via the first network.

[0014] In some examples of the method. UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the transmitting the first paging indication may include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting an information element that indicates a paging restriction for dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session at the UE.In some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the information element indicates that all paging is restricted for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session except for voice service, all paging is restricted for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session except for one or more specified protocol data unit sessions, or all paging is restricted except for voice service and one or more specified protocol data unit sessions. In some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the information element is a single bit that indicates that the UE has no paging restriction for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session or that all paging is restricted for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session.

[0015] In some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the transmitting the first paging indication may include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting an information element that indicates a first paging restriction for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session at the UE based on extending a paging restriction for UEs with two or more subscriber identity modules. In some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer- readable medium described herein, the first paging restriction for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session at the UE is indicated by a paging restriction type field in the information element, and where paging restrictions for the first network are mapped to bit value patterns of a set of paging restriction bits in the information element. In some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory7computer-readable medium described herein, the first paging restriction for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session at the UE is indicated by a bit included in the information element, where a first value of the bit indicates no paging restrictions are present, and a second value of the bit indicates that all dual 3GPP access protocol data unit sessions of the first network have paging restrictions at the UE.

[0016] A method for w ireless communications by a network entity of a first network is described. The method may include establishing a first communication session with a UE, where the first communication session uses a subscriber identity module at the UE, and the UE communicates with the first netw ork contemporaneously with communications with a second network using the subscriber identity module in a dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session, receiving a first paging indication that pagingmessages to the UE via the first network are restricted, and communicating with the second network to transmit one or more paging messages to the UE via the second network.

[0017] A network entity of a first network for wireless communications is described. The network entity of a first network may include one or more memories storing processor executable code, and one or more processors coupled with the one or more memories. The one or more processors may individually or collectively operable to execute the code to cause the network entity of a first network to establish a first communication session with a UE, where the first communication session uses a subscriber identity module at the UE, and the UE communicates with the first network contemporaneously with communications with a second network using the subscriber identity module in a dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session, receive a first paging indication that paging messages to the UE via the first network are restricted, and communicate with the second network to transmit one or more paging messages to the UE via the second network.

[0018] Another network entity7of a first network for wireless communications is described. The network entity7of a first network may include means for establishing a first communication session with a UE, where the first communication session uses a subscriber identity module at the UE, and the UE communicates with the first network contemporaneously with communications with a second network using the subscriber identity7module in a dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session, means for receiving a first paging indication that paging messages to the UE via the first network are restricted, and means for communicating with the second network to transmit one or more paging messages to the UE via the second network.

[0019] A non-transitoiy computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communications is described. The code may include instructions executable by a processor to establish a first communication session with a UE, where the first communication session uses a subscriber identity module at the UE, and the UE communicates with the first network contemporaneously with communications with a second network using the subscriber identity7module in a dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session, receive a first paging indication that paging messages to the UE viathe first network are restricted, and communicate with the second network to transmit one or more paging messages to the UE via the second network.

[0020] In some examples of the method, network entities, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the communicating with the second network to transmit one or more paging messages to the UE may include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving an indication that data is to be transmitted to the UE via the second network and transmitting a paging request to an access and mobility function associated with the first network contemporaneously with transmission of the paging request to a session management function associated with the second network. In some examples of the method, network entities, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the communicating with the second network to transmit one or more paging messages to the UE may include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving, from the access and mobility function associated with the first network, a paging rejection indication.

[0021] In some examples of the method, network entities, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the communicating with the second network to transmit one or more paging messages to the UE may include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving an indication that data is to be transmitted to the UE via the second network, transmitting a first paging request to a first access and mobility function associated with the first network, receiving, from the access and mobility function associated with the first network, a paging rejection indication, and transmitting, responsive to the paging rejection indication, a second paging request to a second access and mobility function associated with the second network.

[0022] A method for wireless communications by a first network entity of a first network is described. The method may include establishing a first communication session with a UE, where the first communication session uses a subscriber identity module at the UE, and the UE communicates with the first network contemporaneously with communications with a second network using the subscriber identity module in a dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session, receiving, from the UE, a first paging indication that paging messages to the UE via the first network are restricted, and communicating with a second network entity of the first network to transmit one or more paging messages to the UE via the second network.

[0023] A first network entity of a first network for wireless communications is described. The first network entity' of a first network may include one or more memories storing processor executable code, and one or more processors coupled with the one or more memories. The one or more processors may individually or collectively operable to execute the code to cause the first network entity of a first network to establish a first communication session with a UE, where the first communication session uses a subscriber identity module at the UE, and the UE communicates with the first network contemporaneously with communications with a second network using the subscriber identity module in a dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session, receive, from the UE, a first paging indication that paging messages to the UE via the first network are restricted, and communicate with a second network entity' of the first network to transmit one or more paging messages to the UE via the second network.

[0024] Another first network entity of a first network for wireless communications is described. The first network entity of a first network may include means for establishing a first communication session with a UE, where the first communication session uses a subscriber identity' module at the UE, and the UE communicates with the first network contemporaneously with communications with a second network using the subscriber identity module in a dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session, means for receiving, from the UE, a first paging indication that paging messages to the UE via the first network are restricted, and means for communicating with a second network entity of the first network to transmit one or more paging messages to the UE via the second network.

[0025] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communications is described. The code may include instructions executable by a processor to establish a first communication session with a UE, where the first communication session uses a subscriber identity' module at the UE, and the UE communicates with the first network contemporaneously with communications with a second network using the subscriber identity' module in a dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session, receive, from the UE, a first paging indication that paging messages to the UE via the first network are restricted, and communicate with a second network entity of the first network to transmit one or more paging messages to the UE via the second network.

[0026] In some examples of the method, network entities, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the communicating with the second network entity may include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving, from the second network entity, a first paging message that indicates the UE is to be paged, determining that the first paging message is restricted based on the first paging indication, and transmitting, to the second network entity, a rejection indication that includes a rejection indication for the first paging message and an indication that the second network is to be used for the first paging message.

[0027] In some examples of the method, network entities, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the receiving the first paging indication may include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving, from the UE, a first registration request or a first service request that indicates paging messages to the UE are restricted for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session.

[0028] In some examples of the method, network entities, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the first paging indication includes an information element that indicates a paging restriction for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session at the UE. In some examples of the method, first network entities, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the information element indicates that all paging is restricted for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session except for voice service, all paging is restricted for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session except for one or more specified protocol data unit sessions, or all paging is restricted except for voice service and one or more specified protocol data unit sessions. In some examples of the method, first network entities, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the information element may be a single bit that indicates that the UE has no paging restriction for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session or that all paging is restricted for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session.

[0029] In some examples of the method, first network entities, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the receiving the first paging indication may include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving an information element that indicates a first paging restriction for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session at the UE based on a paging restriction for UEs with two or more subscriberidentity modules. In some examples of the method, first network entities, and non- transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the first paging restriction for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session at the UE is indicated by a paging restriction type field in the information element, and where paging restrictions for the first network are mapped to bit value patterns of a set of paging restriction bits in the information element. In some examples of the method, first network entities, and non- transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the first paging restriction for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session at the UE may be indicated by a bit included in the information element, where a first value of the bit indicates no paging restrictions are present, and a second value of the bit indicates that all protocol data unit sessions of the first network have paging restrictions at the UE.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] FIG. 1 shows an example of a wireless communications system that supports techniques for user equipment paging in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.

[0031] FIG. 2 shows an example of a wireless communications system that supports techniques for user equipment paging in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.

[0032] FIG. 3 shows an example of a dual 3GPP access PDU session that supports techniques for user equipment paging in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.

[0033] FIG. 4 shows an example of signaling in a dual 3GPP access PDU session that supports techniques for user equipment paging in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.

[0034] FIGs. 5 through 7 show examples of process flows that support techniques for user equipment paging in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.

[0035] FIGs. 8 and 9 show block diagrams of devices that support techniques for user equipment paging in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.

[0036] FIG. 10 shows a block diagram of a communications manager that supports techniques for user equipment paging in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.

[0037] FIG. 11 shows a diagram of a system including a device that supports techniques for user equipment paging in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.

[0038] FIGs. 12 and 13 show block diagrams of devices that support techniques for user equipment paging in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.

[0039] FIG. 14 shows a block diagram of a communications manager that supports techniques for user equipment paging in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.

[0040] FIG. 15 shows a diagram of a system including a device that supports techniques for user equipment paging in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.

[0041] FIGs. 16 through 24 show flowcharts illustrating methods that support techniques for user equipment paging in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In some wireless communications systems, a user equipment (UE) may include one or more subscriber identification modules (SIMs), where each SIM is associated with a different network through which the UE may communicate. In some cases, a single SIM may support multiple connections, such as two accesses to one network or with two networks. For example, a first SIM may support a first connection with a first network (e.g., a first public land mobile network (PLMN)) and a second connection with a second network (e.g., a second PLMN), in which communications with the multiple networks may be contemporaneous. In some examples, both the first connection and the second connection may be with a same network (e.g., a same PLMN). In some aspects, each of the networks may be a radio access network (RAN) that operates according to established third generation partnership protocol (3 GPP) specifications, such as 4G, 5G, or 6G RANs, and access to two such RANs with a singleSIM may be referred to as dual 3GPP access (D3 A), in which a protocol data unit (PDU) session may be established at a single SIM using two different networks. In traditional systems, a UE operating on separate networks (e.g., separate PLMNs, a PLMN and anon-public network (NPN), or separate NPNs) may monitor for paging on each network. However, such monitoring of multiple networks for paging can consume extra power at the UE, may result in duplicating network-to-UE signaling, increased latency if the UE is paged at different times from the different PLMNs, or any combinations thereof. In accordance with various techniques discussed herein, efficient paging techniques for dual 3GPP access communications are provided.

[0043] In accordance with some aspects, a UE may establish a connection with multiple networks (e.g., a first PLMN and / or a second PLMN) using a single SIM, and may transmit a paging restriction message to the network for one of the PLMNs that indicates paging is restricted for communications on that network. In some aspects, UEs that have multiple SIMs may provide the D3A restrictions for each SIM separately. In some aspects, a paging restriction message may indicate that all paging via the network for D3A access is restricted, or may indicate that the paging restrictions are for all D3A traffic except for voice service, except for specified PDU sessions, or both. In some aspects, at the network, a network entity (e.g.. a session management function (SMF)) may receive data for the UE. Responsive to the reception of data for the UE, in some aspects the network entity may attempt to concurrently page the UE via both networks by transmitting a paging message to access and mobility functions (AMFs) at each network. In other aspects, the network entity of a first network may transmit a paging message to a first AMF of the first network, and then transmit the paging message to a second AMF of the second network in the event of a paging rejection from the first AMF. Additionally, or alternatively, a network entity may be an AMF and may receive a paging restriction message from the UE. In such aspects, in the event that the AMF receives a paging message (e.g., from an SMF). a rejection message may be provided in response in accordance with the paging restriction message received from the UE. In some aspects, the UE may monitor for paging from the networks in accordance with the indicated one or more paging restrictions.

[0044] For example, a UE may be registered to PLMN1 and PLMN2. At registration to PLMN1, the UE may indicate a first paging restriction that all paging isrestricted. At registration to PLMN2 the UE may not indicate any paging restriction. In such an example, when the UE using a dual 3GPP access PDU session is paged, the page will be provided only over PLMN2. In another example, a UE may be registered to PLMN1 and a NPN (e.g., a standalone NPN (SNPN)). In this example, at registration to PLMN1, the UE may not indicate any paging restriction. At registration to the NPN, the UE may indicate a paging restriction that all paging for D3A PDU sessions is not allowed. In such an example, when the UE using a dual 3GPP access PDU session is pages, the UE will only be paged over PLMN1.

[0045] Various aspects of the subject matter described in this disclosure may be implemented to realize one or more of the following potential advantages. For example, based on implementing the techniques of the present disclosure, the UE may provide one or more paging restrictions that may be used to limit paging, or types of paging, that may be provided from each of two different networks that have contemporaneous connections with the UE using a single SIM. For example, a paging restriction may indicate all paging via a particular network is restricted, all paging is restricted via the network is restricted except for voice service, all paging via the network is restricted for the network except for one or more specified PDU sessions, or all paging is restricted except for voice service and one or more specified PDU sessions. Such techniques may thus enhance UE efficiency by reducing power consumption associated with page message monitoring, reduce latency by providing paging via one network (e.g., due to higher probability of finding the UE), and provide for enhanced user experience.

[0046] Aspects of the disclosure are initially described in the context of wireless communications systems. Aspects of the disclosure are further illustrated by and described with reference to process flows, apparatus diagrams, system diagrams, and flowcharts that relate to techniques for user equipment paging.

[0047] FIG. 1 shows an example of a wireless communications system 100 that supports techniques for user equipment paging in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The wireless communications system 100 may include one or more network entities 105, one or more UEs 115, and a core network 130. In some examples, the wireless communications system 100 may be a Eong Term Evolution (LTE) network, an ETE-Advanced (LTE-A) network, an LTE-A Pro network, a New Radio (NR) network, or a network operating in accordance with other systems and radiotechnologies, including future systems and radio technologies not explicitly mentioned herein.

[0048] The network entities 105 may be dispersed throughout a geographic area to form the wireless communications system 100 and may include devices in different forms or having different capabilities. In various examples, a network entity 105 may be referred to as a network element, a mobility element, a radio access network (RAN) node, or network equipment, among other nomenclature. In some examples, network entities 105 and UEs 115 may wirelessly communicate via one or more communication links 125 (e.g., a radio frequency (RF) access link). For example, a network entity 105 may support a coverage area 110 (e.g., a geographic coverage area) over which the UEs 115 and the network entity 105 may establish one or more communication links 125. The coverage area 110 may be an example of a geographic area over which a network entity 105 and a UE 115 may support the communication of signals according to one or more radio access technologies (RATs).

[0049] The UEs 115 may be dispersed throughout a coverage area 110 of the wireless communications system 100, and each UE 115 may be stationary, or mobile, or both at different times. The UEs 115 may be devices in different forms or having different capabilities. Some example UEs 115 are illustrated in FIG. 1. The UEs 115 described herein may be capable of supporting communications with various types of devices, such as other UEs 1 15 or network entities 105, as shown in FIG. 1.

[0050] As described herein, a node of the wireless communications system 100, which may be referred to as a network node, or a wireless node, may be a network entity 105 (e.g., any network entity described herein), a UE 115 (e.g.. any UE described herein), a network controller, an apparatus, a device, a computing system, one or more components, or another suitable processing entity configured to perform any of the techniques described herein. For example, a node may be a UE 115. As another example, a node may be a network entity 105. As another example, a first node may be configured to communicate with a second node or a third node. In one aspect of this example, the first node may be a UE 1 15, the second node may be a network entity 105, and the third node may be a UE 115. In another aspect of this example, the first node may be a UE 115, the second node may be a network entity 105, and the third node may be a network entity 105. In yet other aspects of this example, the first, second, and thirdnodes may be different relative to these examples. Similarly, reference to a UE 1 15, network entity 105, apparatus, device, computing system, or the like may include disclosure of the UE 115, network entity 105, apparatus, device, computing system, or the like being a node. For example, disclosure that a UE 115 is configured to receive information from a network entity 105 also discloses that a first node is configured to receive information from a second node.

[0051] In some examples, network entities 105 may communicate with the core network 130, or with one another, or both. For example, network entities 105 may communicate with the core network 130 via one or more backhaul communication links 120 (e.g., in accordance with an SI, N2, N3, or other interface protocol). In some examples, network entities 105 may communicate with one another via a backhaul communication link 120 (e.g., in accordance with an X2, Xn, or other interface protocol) either directly (e.g., directly between network entities 105) or indirectly (e.g., via a core network 130). In some examples, network entities 105 may communicate with one another via a midhaul communication link 162 (e g., in accordance with a midhaul interface protocol) or a fronthaul communication link 168 (e.g., in accordance with a fronthaul interface protocol), or any combination thereof. The backhaul communication links 120, midhaul communication links 162. or fronthaul communication links 168 may be or include one or more wired links (e.g., an electrical link, an optical fiber link), one or more wireless links (e.g., a radio link, a wireless optical link), among other examples or various combinations thereof. A UE 115 may communicate with the core network 130 via a communication link 155.

[0052] One or more of the network entities 105 described herein may include or may be referred to as a base station 140 (e.g., a base transceiver station, a radio base station, an NR base station, an access point, a radio transceiver, aNodeB, an eNodeB (eNB), a next-generation NodeB or a giga-NodeB (either of w hich may be referred to as a gNB), a 5G NB, a next-generation eNB (ng-eNB). a Home NodeB, a Home eNodeB. or other suitable terminology). In some examples, a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140) may be implemented in an aggregated (e.g., monolithic, standalone) base station architecture, which may be configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically integrated within a single network entity 105 (e.g., a single RAN node, such as a base station 140).

[0053] In some examples, a network entity 105 may be implemented in a disaggregated architecture (e.g., a disaggregated base station architecture, a disaggregated RAN architecture), which may be configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically distributed among two or more network entities 105, such as an integrated access backhaul (IAB) network, an open RAN (0-RAN) (e.g., a network configuration sponsored by the O-RAN Alliance), or a virtualized RAN (vRAN) (e.g., a cloud RAN (C-RAN)). For example, a netw ork entity 105 may include one or more of a central unit (CU) 160, a distributed unit (DU) 165, a radio unit (RU) 170, a RAN Intelligent Controller (R1C) 175 (e.g., a Near-Real Time RIC (Near-RT RIC), aNon-Real Time RIC (Non-RT RIC)), a Service Management and Orchestration (SMO) 180 system, or any combination thereof. An RU 170 may also be referred to as a radio head, a smart radio head, a remote radio head (RRH), a remote radio unit (RRU), or a transmission reception point (TRP). One or more components of the network entities 105 in a disaggregated RAN architecture may be co-located, or one or more components of the network entities 105 may be located in distributed locations (e.g., separate physical locations). In some examples, one or more network entities 105 of a disaggregated RAN architecture may be implemented as virtual units (e.g., a virtual CU (VCU), a virtual DU (VDU), a virtual RU (VRU)).

[0054] The split of functionality between a CU 160, a DU 165, and an RU 170 is flexible and may support different functionalities depending on which functions (e.g., network layer functions, protocol layer functions, baseband functions, RF functions, and any combinations thereof) are performed at a CU 160, a DU 165, or an RU 170. For example, a functional split of a protocol stack may be employed between a CU 160 and a DU 1 5 such that the CU 160 may support one or more layers of the protocol stack and the DU 165 may support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. In some examples, the CU 160 may host upper protocol layer (e.g., layer 3 (L3), layer 2 (L2)) functionality and signaling (e.g.. Radio Resource Control (RRC). service data adaption protocol (SD AP), Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP)). The CU 160 may be connected to one or more DUs 165 or RUs 170, and the one or more DUs 165 or RUs 170 may host lower protocol layers, such as layer 1 (LI) (e.g., physical (PHY) layer) or L2 (e.g., radio link control (RLC) layer, medium access control (MAC) layer) functionality and signaling, and may each be at least partially controlled by the CU 160.Additionally, or alternatively, a functional split of the protocol stack may be employed between a DU 165 and an RU 170 such that the DU 165 may support one or more layers of the protocol stack and the RU 170 may support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. The DU 165 may support one or multiple different cells (e.g., via one or more RUs 170). In some cases, a functional split between a CU 160 and a DU 165, or between a DU 165 and an RU 170 may be within a protocol layer (e.g., some functions for a protocol layer may be performed by one of a CU 160, a DU 165, or an RU 170, while other functions of the protocol layer are performed by a different one of the CU 160, the DU 165. or the RU 170). A CU 160 may be functionally split further into CU control plane (CU-CP) and CU user plane (CU-UP) functions. A CU 160 may be connected to one or more DUs 165 via a midhaul communication link 162 (e.g., Fl, Fl-c, Fl-u), and a DU 165 may be connected to one or more RUs 170 via a fronthaul communication link 168 (e.g., open fronthaul (FH) interface). In some examples, a midhaul communication link 162 or a fronthaul communication link 168 may be implemented in accordance with an interface (e.g., a channel) between layers of a protocol stack supported by respective network entities 105 that are in communication via such communication links.

[0055] In wireless communications systems (e.g., wireless communications system 100), infrastructure and spectral resources for radio access may support wireless backhaul link capabilities to supplement wired backhaul connections, providing an IAB network architecture (e.g., to a core netw ork 130). In some cases, in an IAB network, one or more network entities 105 (e.g., IAB nodes 104) may be partially controlled by each other. One or more IAB nodes 104 may be referred to as a donor entity or an IAB donor. One or more DUs 165 or one or more RUs 170 may be partially controlled by one or more CUs 160 associated with a donor network entity 105 (e.g., a donor base station 140). The one or more donor network entities 105 (e.g., IAB donors) may be in communication with one or more additional network entities 105 (e.g., IAB nodes 104) via supported access and backhaul links (e.g., backhaul communication links 120). IAB nodes 104 may include an IAB mobile termination (IAB-MT) controlled (e.g., scheduled) by DUs 165 of a coupled IAB donor. An IAB-MT may include an independent set of antennas for relay of communications with UEs 115, or may share the same antennas (e.g., of an RU 170) of an IAB node 104 used for access via the DU165 of the TAB node 104 (e g., referred to as virtual IAB-MT (vIAB-MT)). In some examples, the I AB nodes 104 may include DUs 165 that support communication links with additional entities (e.g., IAB nodes 104, UEs 115) within the relay chain or configuration of the access network (e.g., downstream). In such cases, one or more components of the disaggregated RAN architecture (e.g., one or more IAB nodes 104 or components of IAB nodes 104) may be configured to operate according to the techniques described herein.

[0056] In the case of the techniques described herein applied in the context of a disaggregated RAN architecture, one or more components of the disaggregated RAN architecture may be configured to support techniques for user equipment paging as described herein. For example, some operations described as being performed by a UE 115 or a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140) may additionally, or alternatively, be performed by one or more components of the disaggregated RAN architecture (e.g.. IAB nodes 104, DUs 165, CUs 160. RUs 170. RIC 175. SMO 180).

[0057] A UE 115 may include or may be referred to as a mobile device, a wireless device, a remote device, a handheld device, or a subscriber device, or some other suitable terminology7, where the “device'’ may also be referred to as a unit, a station, a terminal, or a client, among other examples. A UE 115 may also include or may be referred to as a personal electronic device such as a cellular phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a tablet computer, a laptop computer, or a personal computer. In some examples, a UE 115 may include or be referred to as a wireless local loop (WLL) station, an Internet of Things (loT) device, an Internet of Everything (loE) device, or a machine type communications (MTC) device, among other examples, which may be implemented in various objects such as appliances, or vehicles, meters, among other examples.

[0058] The UEs 115 described herein may be able to communicate with various ty pes of devices, such as other UEs 115 that may sometimes act as relays as well as the network entities 105 and the network equipment including macro eNBs or gNBs. small cell eNBs or gNBs, or relay base stations, among other examples, as shown in FIG. 1.

[0059] The UEs 115 and the network entities 105 may wirelessly communicate with one another via one or more communication links 125 (e.g., an access link) usingresources associated with one or more carriers. The term ‘'carrier” may refer to a set of RF spectrum resources having a defined physical layer structure for supporting the communication links 125. For example, a carrier used for a communication link 125 may include a portion of a RF spectrum band (e.g., a bandwidth part (BWP)) that is operated according to one or more physical layer channels for a given radio access technology (e.g., LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, NR). Each physical layer channel may carry acquisition signaling (e.g., synchronization signals, system information), control signaling that coordinates operation for the carrier, user data, or other signaling. The wireless communications system 100 may support communication with a UE 1 15 using carrier aggregation or multi-carrier operation. A UE 115 may be configured with multiple downlink component carriers and one or more uplink component carriers according to a carrier aggregation configuration. Carrier aggregation may be used with both frequency division duplexing (FDD) and time division duplexing (TDD) component carriers. Communication between a network entity 105 and other devices may refer to communication between the devices and any portion (e.g., entity, subentity) of a network entity 105. For example, the terms “transmitting,” “receiving,” or “communicating,” when referring to a network entity 105, may refer to any portion of a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, a CU 160, a DU 165, a RU 170) of a RAN communicating with another device (e.g., directly or via one or more other network entities 105).

[0060] Signal waveforms transmitted via a carrier may be made up of multiple subcarriers (e.g., using multi-carrier modulation (MCM) techniques such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) or discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-S-OFDM)). In a system employing MCM techniques, a resource element may refer to resources of one symbol period (e.g., a duration of one modulation symbol) and one subcarrier, in which case the symbol period and subcarrier spacing may be inversely related. The quantity of bits carried by each resource element may depend on the modulation scheme (e.g., the order of the modulation scheme, the coding rate of the modulation scheme, or both), such that a relatively higher quantity of resource elements (e.g., in a transmission duration) and a relatively higher order of a modulation scheme may correspond to a relatively higher rate of communication. A wireless communications resource may refer to a combination of an RF spectrum resource, atime resource, and a spatial resource (e g., a spatial layer, a beam), and the use of multiple spatial resources may increase the data rate or data integrity for communications with a UE 115.

[0061] The time intervals for the network entities 105 or the UEs 115 may be expressed in multiples of a basic time unit which may, for example, refer to a sampling period of Ts= l / ( fmax■seconds, for which fmaxmay represent a supported subcarrier spacing, and Nf may represent a supported discrete Fourier transform (DFT) size. Time intervals of a communications resource may be organized according to radio frames each having a specified duration (e.g., 10 milliseconds (ms)). Each radio frame may be identified by a system frame number (SFN) (e.g., ranging from 0 to 1023).

[0062] Each frame may include multiple consecutively -numbered subframes or slots, and each subframe or slot may have the same duration. In some examples, a frame may be divided (e.g., in the time domain) into subframes, and each subframe may be further divided into a quantity of slots. Alternatively, each frame may include a variable quantity of slots, and the quantity of slots may depend on subcarrier spacing. Each slot may include a quantity of symbol periods (e.g., depending on the length of the cyclic prefix prepended to each symbol period). In some wireless communications systems 100, a slot may further be divided into multiple mini-slots associated with one or more symbols. Excluding the cyclic prefix, each symbol period may be associated with one or more (e.g., Nf) sampling periods. The duration of a symbol period may depend on the subcarrier spacing or frequency band of operation.

[0063] A subframe, a slot, a mini-slot, or a symbol may be the smallest scheduling unit (e.g., in the time domain) of the wireless communications system 100 and may be referred to as a transmission time interval (TTI). In some examples, the TTI duration (e.g., a quantity of symbol periods in a TTI) may be variable. Additionally, or alternatively, the smallest scheduling unit of the wireless communications system 100 may be dynamically selected (e.g., in bursts of shortened TTIs (sTTIs)).

[0064] Physical channels may be multiplexed for communication using a carrier according to various techniques. A physical control channel and a physical data channel may be multiplexed for signaling via a downlink carrier, for example, using one or more of time division multiplexing (TDM) techniques, frequency division multiplexing(FDM) techniques, or hybrid TDM-FDM techniques. A control region (e g., a control resource set (CORESET)) for a physical control channel may be defined by a set of symbol periods and may extend across the system bandwidth or a subset of the system bandwidth of the carrier. One or more control regions (e.g., CORESETs) may be configured for a set of the UEs 1 15. For example, one or more of the UEs 115 may monitor or search control regions for control information according to one or more search space sets, and each search space set may include one or multiple control channel candidates in one or more aggregation levels arranged in a cascaded manner. An aggregation level for a control channel candidate may refer to an amount of control channel resources (e.g., control channel elements (CCEs)) associated with encoded information for a control information format having a given payload size. Search space sets may include common search space sets configured for sending control information to multiple UEs 115 and UE-specific search space sets for sending control information to a specific UE 115.

[0065] A network entity 105 may provide communication coverage via one or more cells, for example a macro cell, a small cell, a hot spot, or other types of cells, or any combination thereof. The term “cell'’ may refer to a logical communication entity used for communication with a network entity 105 (e.g., using a carrier) and may be associated with an identifier for distinguishing neighboring cells (e.g., a physical cell identifier (PCID), a virtual cell identifier (VCID), or others). In some examples, a cell also may refer to a coverage area 110 or a portion of a coverage area 110 (e.g., a sector) over which the logical communication entity operates. Such cells may range from smaller areas (e.g., a structure, a subset of structure) to larger areas depending on various factors such as the capabilities of the network entity' 105. For example, a cell may be or include a building, a subset of a building, or exterior spaces between or overlapping with coverage areas 110, among other examples.

[0066] A macro cell generally covers a relatively large geographic area (e.g., several kilometers in radius) and may allow unrestricted access by the UEs 115 with service subscriptions with the network provider supporting the macro cell. A small cell may be associated with a lower-powered network entity 105 (e.g., a lower-powered base station 140), as compared with a macro cell, and a small cell may operate using the same or different (e.g., licensed, unlicensed) frequency bands as macro cells. Small cells mayprovide unrestricted access to the UEs 1 15 with service subscriptions with the network provider or may provide restricted access to the UEs 115 having an association with the small cell (e.g.. the UEs 115 in a closed subscriber group (CSG), the UEs 115 associated with users in a home or office). A network entity 105 may support one or multiple cells and may also support communications via the one or more cells using one or multiple component carriers.

[0067] In some examples, a carrier may support multiple cells, and different cells may be configured according to different protocol types (e.g., MTC, narrowband loT (NB-IoT), enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB)) that may provide access for different types of devices.

[0068] In some examples, a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, an RU 170) may be movable and therefore provide communication coverage for a moving coverage area 110. In some examples, different coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies may overlap, but the different coverage areas 110 may be supported by the same network entity 105. In some other examples, the overlapping coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies may be supported by different network entities 105. The wireless communications system 100 may include, for example, a heterogeneous network in which different types of the network entities 105 provide coverage for various coverage areas 110 using the same or different radio access technologies.

[0069] The wireless communications system 100 may be configured to support ultra-reliable communications or low-latency communications, or various combinations thereof. For example, the wireless communications system 100 may be configured to support ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC). The UEs 115 may be designed to support ultra-reliable, low-latency, or critical functions. Ultra-reliable communications may include private communication or group communication and may be supported by one or more services such as push-to-talk, video, or data. Support for ultra-reliable, low-latency functions may include prioritization of services, and such services may be used for public safety or general commercial applications. The terms ultra-reliable, low-latency, and ultra-reliable low-latency may be used interchangeably herein.

[0070] In some examples, a UE 115 may be configured to support communicating directly with other UEs 115 via a device-to-device (D2D) communication link 135 (e.g., in accordance with a peer-to-peer (P2P), D2D, or sidelink protocol). In some examples, one or more UEs 115 of a group that are performing D2D communications may be within the coverage area 110 of a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, an RU 170), which may support aspects of such D2D communications being configured by (e.g., scheduled by) the network entity 105. In some examples, one or more UEs 115 of such a group may be outside the coverage area 110 of a network entity 105 or may be otherwise unable to or not configured to receive transmissions from a network entity 105. In some examples, groups of the UEs 115 communicating via D2D communications may support a one-to-many (1:M) system in which each UE 115 transmits to each of the other UEs 115 in the group. In some examples, a network entity 105 may facilitate the scheduling of resources for D2D communications. In some other examples, D2D communications may be carried out between the UEs 1 15 without an involvement of a network entity 105.

[0071] In some systems, a D2D communication link 135 may be an example of a communication channel, such as a sidelink communication channel, between vehicles (e.g., UEs 115). In some examples, vehicles may communicate using vehicle-to- everything (V2X) communications, vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communications, or some combination of these. A vehicle may signal information related to traffic conditions, signal scheduling, weather, safety, emergencies, or any other information relevant to a V2X system. In some examples, vehicles in a V2X system may communicate with roadside infrastructure, such as roadside units, or with the network via one or more network nodes (e.g., network entities 105, base stations 140, RUs 170) using vehicle-to- network (V2N) communications, or with both.

[0072] The core network 130 may provide user authentication, access authorization, tracking, Internet Protocol (IP) connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. The core network 130 may be an evolved packet core (EPC) or 5G core (5GC), which may include at least one control plane entity that manages access and mobility (e.g., a mobility management entity (MME), an access and mobility management function (AMF)) and at least one user plane entity that routes packets or interconnects to external networks (e.g.. a serving gateway (S-GW), a Packet DataNetwork (PDN) gateway (P-GW), or a user plane function (UPF)). The control plane entity may manage non-access stratum (NAS) functions such as mobility7, authentication, and bearer management for the UEs 115 served by the network entities 105 (e.g.. base stations 140) associated with the core network 130. User IP packets may be transferred through the user plane entity, which may provide IP address allocation as well as other functions. The user plane entity may be connected to IP services 150 for one or more network operators. The IP services 150 may include access to the Internet, Intranet(s), an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), or a Packet-Switched Streaming Service.

[0073] The wireless communications system 100 may operate using one or more frequency bands, which may be in the range of 300 megahertz (MHz) to 300 gigahertz (GHz). Generally, the region from 300 MHz to 3 GHz is known as the ultra-high frequency (UHF) region or decimeter band because the wavelengths range from approximately one decimeter to one meter in length. UHF waves may be blocked or redirected by buildings and environmental features, which may be referred to as clusters, but the waves may penetrate structures sufficiently for a macro cell to provide service to the UEs 115 located indoors. Communications using UHF waves may be associated with smaller antennas and shorter ranges (e.g., less than 100 kilometers) compared to communications using the smaller frequencies and longer waves of the high frequency (HF) or very high frequency (VHF) portion of the spectrum below 300 MHz.

[0074] The wireless communications system 100 may utilize both licensed and unlicensed RF spectrum bands. For example, the wireless communications system 100 may employ License Assisted Access (LAA), LTE-Unlicensed (LTE-U) radio access technology, or NR technology using an unlicensed band such as the 5 GHz industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band. While operating using unlicensed RF spectrum bands, devices such as the network entities 105 and the UEs 115 may employ carrier sensing for collision detection and avoidance. In some examples, operations using unlicensed bands may be based on a carrier aggregation configuration in conjunction with component carriers operating using a licensed band (e.g., LAA). Operations using unlicensed spectrum may include downlink transmissions, uplink transmissions, P2P transmissions, or D2D transmissions, among other examples.

[0075] A network entity 105 (e g., a base station 140, an RU 170) or a UE 1 15 may be equipped with multiple antennas, which may be used to employ techniques such as transmit diversity, receive diversity', multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communications, or beamforming. The antennas of a network entity 105 or a UE 115 may be located within one or more antenna arrays or antenna panels, which may support MIMO operations or transmit or receive beamforming. For example, one or more base station antennas or antenna arrays may be co-located at an antenna assembly, such as an antenna tower. In some examples, antennas or antenna arrays associated with a network entity 105 may be located at diverse geographic locations. A network entity' 105 may include an antenna array with a set of rows and columns of antenna ports that the network entity 105 may use to support beamforming of communications with a UE 115. Likewise, a UE 115 may include one or more antenna arrays that may support various MIMO or beamforming operations. Additionally, or alternatively, an antenna panel may support RF beamforming for a signal transmitted via an antenna port.

[0076] Beamforming, which may also be referred to as spatial filtering, directional transmission, or directional reception, is a signal processing technique that may be used at a transmitting device or a receiving device (e.g., a network entity 105, a UE 115) to shape or steer an antenna beam (e.g., a transmit beam, a receive beam) along a spatial path between the transmitting device and the receiving device. Beamforming may be achieved by combining the signals communicated via antenna elements of an antenna array such that some signals propagating along particular orientations with respect to an antenna array experience constructive interference while others experience destructive interference. The adjustment of signals communicated via the antenna elements may include a transmitting device or a receiving device applying amplitude offsets, phase offsets, or both to signals carried via the antenna elements associated with the device. The adjustments associated with each of the antenna elements may be defined by a beamforming weight set associated with a particular orientation (e.g.. with respect to the antenna array of the transmitting device or receiving device, or with respect to some other orientation).

[0077] The wireless communications system 100 may be a packet-based network that operates according to a layered protocol stack. In the user plane, communications at the bearer or PDCP layer may be IP-based. An RLC layer may perform packetsegmentation and reassembly to communicate via logical channels. A MAC layer may perform priority handling and multiplexing of logical channels into transport channels. The MAC layer also may implement error detection techniques, error correction techniques, or both to support retransmissions to improve link efficiency. In the control plane, an RRC layer may provide establishment, configuration, and maintenance of an RRC connection between a UE 115 and a network entity 105 or a core network 130 supporting radio bearers for user plane data. A PHY layer may map transport channels to physical channels.

[0078] The UEs 115 and the network entities 105 may support retransmissions of data to increase the likelihood that data is received successfully. Hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) feedback is one technique for increasing the likelihood that data is received correctly via a communication link (e.g., a communication link 125, a D2D communication link 135). HARQ may include a combination of error detection (e.g.. using a cyclic redundancy check (CRC)), forward error correction (FEC), and retransmission (e.g., automatic repeat request (ARQ)). HARQ may improve throughput at the MAC layer in poor radio conditions (e.g., low signal -to-noise conditions). In some examples, a device may support same-slot HARQ feedback, in which case the device may provide HARQ feedback in a specific slot for data received via a previous symbol in the slot. In some other examples, the device may provide HARQ feedback in a subsequent slot, or according to some other time interval.

[0079] In some aspects, a UE 115 may establish a first connection with a first network entity 105 using a first SIM, and to establish a second connection with a second network entity 105 using the first SIM according to a D3A PDU session. In some aspects, the UE 115 may transmit one or more paging restrictions to one or more of the network entities 105 that indicates paging is restricted for D3A communications on that network. In some aspects, the one or more paging restrictions may indicate that all paging via the first or second network for D3A access is restricted, or may indicate that the paging restrictions are for certain PDU sessions (e.g., a paging restriction applies for all D3A traffic except for voice service, except for specified PDU sessions, or any combinations thereol).

[0080] In some aspects, a network entity 105 may receive a paging restriction message from a UE 115 that is operating according to D3A and that one or more pagingrestrictions are to be applied at the network entity 105. Such a network entity 105 may process paging messages based at least in part on the paging restriction message. For example, a network entity 105 (e.g., a session management function) of a first network may receive data for the UE 115 and may try to concurrently page the UE 115 via both the first network and a second network by transmitting the paging message to a different network entity 105 (e.g., an AMF) at each network. In other examples, the network entity 105 may transmit the paging message to a first AMF of the first network and then transmit to a second network AMF in the event of a paging rejection message is received. The UE 115 operating in accordance with D3A techniques may monitor for paging from the networks in accordance with the indicated paging restriction, and may thus reduce power consumption, provide for more efficient network operation, reduce latency, or any combinations thereof.

[0081] FIG. 2 shows an example of a wireless communications system 200 that supports techniques for user equipment paging in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, wireless communications system 200 may implement aspects of wireless communications system 100. In the example of FIG. 2, wireless communications system 200 may include a UE 115-a, first network entity 105-a that provides communications for a first network (e.g., a first PLMN), and a second network entity 105-b that provides communications for a second network (e.g., a second PLMN or aNPN), which may be examples of the corresponding devices described with respect to FIG. 1.

[0082] In accordance with various aspects, the first network entity 105-a maytransmit downlink communications 205 to the UE 115-a, and the UE 115-a may transmit uplink communications 210 to the first network entity 105-a, where the downlink communications 205 and uplink communications 210 are associated with the first SIM 225. Likewise, the network entity- 105-b may transmit downlink communications 215 to the UE 115-a, and the UE 115-a may transmit uplink communications 220 to the second network entity 105-b, where the downlink communications 215 and uplink communications 220 are also associated with the first SIM 225 (e.g., in accordance with dual 3GPP access communications).

[0083] In some aspects, the UE 115-a may transmit a paging indication 245 to the first network entity 105-a, the second network entity- 105-b, or both. The pagingindication 245 may indicate one or more paging restrictions for dual 3GPP access. For example, a dual 3GPP access manager 230 at the UE 115-a may include a paging restriction manager 235 that identifies a network and / or types of access for which it may be beneficial for the UE 115-a to only monitor one network for paging. A page monitoring manager 240 at the UE 115-a may thus initiate monitoring on only one network based on the indicated paging restriction. The UE 115-a may transmit a first paging indication 245-a to the first network entity 105-a (e.g., a first AMF associated with the first network) that indicates no paging restrictions, or paging restrictions for a subset of dual 3GPP access PDU sessions (e.g., paging is restricted for certain indicated PDU sessions). Further, the UE 115-a may transmit a second paging indication 245-b to the second network entity 105-b (e.g., a second AMF associated with the second network) that indicates all dual 3GPP access paging is restricted for the second network. In accordance with the paging indication(s) 245 transmitted by the UE 115-a. the page monitoring manager 240 may monitor for paging message 250 that is transmitted by the first network entity 105-a for paging via the first network.

[0084] In some aspects, provided techniques may provide for handling of paging aspects of mobile terminated (MT) services at UE 115-a using D3A PDU sessions in connection management (CM)-connected mode or in CM-idle mode over either or both 3GPP accesses. Paging restrictions as discussed herein may provide that UE 115-a in idle over both accesses can avoid being unnecessarily paged over both accesses, hence reducing potential duplication of network-UE signaling for a same paging procedure. Further, described techniques may provide for reduced power consumption at the UE 115-a relative to cases where no paging restrictions are applied (e.g., UE 115-a in idle over both accesses may need to monitor both accesses, leading to additional power consumption). Additionally, described techniques may provide for increased probability7of a paging message 250 reaching the UE 115-a, which may provide reduced times to reach the UE 115-a and reduced latency relative to cases where no paging restrictions are applied (e.g., if the UE 1 15-a is not paged over both accesses at the same time, it may take longer to reach the UE 115-a due to a relatively slow communications on one access). Accordingly, techniques as discussed herein may thus allow for reduced monitoring at the UE 115-a and may thus reduce power consumption, provide for more efficient network operation, and / or reduce latency.

[0085] In some deployments a UE, such as UE 1 15-a, may have multiple SIMs and be referred to as a multi-SIM (MUSIM) UE. In accordance with various aspects, dual 3GPP access paging restrictions may be provided in addition to one or more paging restrictions that may be implemented for a MUSIM UE. In some cases, the paging indication 245 may include paging restriction information (PRI) that is different, or in addition to, paging restriction information provided for MUSIM UEs. In some cases, PRI that indicates dual 3GPP access paging restrictions may be provided with a service request or in a registration request message. In some cases, the PRI may indicate that all paging for a particular network is restricted, may indicate that all paging for a particular network is restricted, except paging for voice sendee (e.g., IMS voice), may indicate that all paging is restricted except for certain PDU Session(s), or may indicate that all paging is restricted except paging for voice service (IMS voice) and certain PDU session(s).

[0086] In some cases, the network entity 105 that receives the PRI may accept and store the PRI, and use information in the PRO for allowing or rejecting subsequent paging attempts for the UE 115-a. In other cases, based on operator policy the AMF may not accept and store the PRI, in which cases the paging restrictions provided by the UE 115-a may be disregarded. In some aspects, the UE 115-a may determine or be instructed to be paged only over one of the two accesses when in CM-idle mode over both networks, which may allow the UE 115-a to completely switch off the radio for the other network and save energy. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE 115-a may determine or be instructed to be paged contemporaneously over both accesses when in CM-idle mode over both, which may increase the probability to find the UE 115-a earlier than when paged over one access only. In some aspects, different paging strategies can be applied to different services, and the UE 115-a may determine whether to apply different strategies for different dual-steer or dual 3GPP access PDU sessions.

[0087] FIG. 3 shows an example of a dual 3 GPP access PDU session 300 that supports techniques for user equipment paging in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, the dual 3GPP access PDU session 300 may implement or be implemented by aspects of wireless communications system 100 or 200, as described with reference to FIGs. 1 and 2, or by a UE and one or more network entities as discussed with reference to FIGs. 1 and 2.

[0088] In this example, a UE 1 15-b may establish an extended multiple access (MA) PDU session 305 with a first PDU session 310 over a first 3GPP access 320-a, and a second PDU session 315 over a second 3GPP access 320-b. In some cases, the first 3GPP access 320-a and the second 3GPP access 320-b may be established within a single PLMN. In other cases, the first 3GPP access 320-a may be over a first PLMN and the second 3GPP access 320-b may be over a second PLMN or NPN. In this example, the first PDU session 310 may be provided via a first 3GPP access 320-a that may use one or more network entities such as a radio head. AMF, and SMF. A first user plane function (UPF) 325-a of the first PDU session 310 may provide connectivity with a PDU session anchor (PSA) UPF 330 that provides connectivity with a server host 335. Further, in the example of FIG. 3, the second PDU session 315 may be provided via a second 3 GPP access 320-b that may use one or more netw ork entities such as a radio head. AMF, and SMF that may be different than used for the first PDU session 310. A second UPF 325-b of the second PDU session 315 may provide connectivity with the PSA UPF 330 that provides connectivity with the server host 335. As used herein, the term ‘D3A PDU session' refers to an extended MA PDU session with two 3GPP accesses, such as illustrated in FIG. 3. Such techniques may provide for enhanced throughput between the UE 115-b and the server host 335, which may enhance user experience. Further, in some aspects, the different 3GPP accesses 320 may be tuned to provide particular services with relatively high efficiency. For example, the first PDU session 310 may provide for enhanced low- latency communications, while the second PDU session 315 may provide for enhanced mobile broadband communications. FIG. 4 provides an example of a D3A PDU session over different PLMNs or over a PLMN and NPN.

[0089] FIG. 4 show s an example of a dual 3 GPP access PDU session 400 that supports techniques for user equipment paging in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, the dual 3GPP access PDU session 400 may implement or be implemented by aspects of wireless communications system 100 or 200, as described with reference to FIGs. 1 and 2, or by a UE and one or more network entities as discussed with reference to FIGs. 1 and 2. Further, the dual 3GPP access PDU session 400 may be an example of dual 3GPP access PDU session 300 of FIG. 3.

[0090] In this example, a UE 1 15-b may establish D3 A PDU session a first PDU session over a primary PLMN 405, and a second PDU session over a secondary PLMN or NPN 410. In this example, the first PDU session may be provided via a first 3GPP access 415 of the primary PLMN 405. The first 3GPP access 415 may provide communications with a first AMF 420, a first SMF 425, a policy control function (PCF) 430, and a first UPF 435. The first UPF 435 may provide access to data network 440. Further, in the example of FIG. 4, the second 3GPP access 445 may provide communications with a second AMF 450, a second SMF 455. and a second UPF 460. The secondary PLMN or NPN 410 may access the data network 440 via link 470 (e.g.. a 3GPP N9 link) the second UPF 460 and the first UPF 435, where the first UPF 435 may provide access to data network 440. In various aspects, the first 3GPP access 415 and the second 3GPP access 445 can provide access to a same radio access technology (RAT), or different RATs. For example, the primary PLMN 405 may provide a 5G or NR RAT, and the secondary PLMN or NPN 410 may provide a 5G or NR RAT, a nonterrestrial network (NTN) RAT, or a 4G or LTE RAT. In other examples, the primary PLMN 405 may provide a NTN RAT, and the secondary7PLMN or NPN 410 may provide a NTN RAT. In still further examples, the primary PLMN 405 may provide a 6G RAT, and the secondary PLMN on NPN 410 may provide a 6G, 5G, 4G, or NTN RAT. Numerous other examples of combinations of RATs may be used in accordance with techniques discussed herein, and it is to be understood that the specific examples provided herein are for illustration and discussion, and the disclosed techniques are not limited to such examples.

[0091] In accordance with various aspects, the UE 115-c may provide one or more paging restrictions to the primary PLMN 405, the secondary PLMN or NPN 410, or both. In some cases, a paging restriction may be provided to the secondary7PLMN or NPN 410 that indicates all paging is restricted. In such a case, all paging messages to the UE 115-c may be transmitted via the primary PLMN 405. In other cases, a paging may be provided to the secondary PLMN or NPN 410 that indicates one or more certain PDU sessions may be paged through the secondary PLMN or NPN 410, and that all other paging messages are restricted. In such a case, the second AMF 450 may store the paging restriction and, upon receipt of a paging request from the second SMF 455, compare a PDU session associated with the paging request with the indicated PDUsession(s) provided in the paging restriction information. If there is a match, the second AMF 450 may transmit the paging message to the UE 115-c. If there is not a match, the second AMF 450 may provide a paging rejection message to the second SMF 455 via link 465 (e.g., a 3GPP N16 link), and the second SMF 455 may provide information for the paging message to the first SMF 425 for paging over the primary PLMN 405. Similarly, the paging restriction information may indicate that paging for a voice service is not restricted, but that any other paging is restricted, in which case the second AMF 450 and second SMF 455 may perform similar functions as discussed with respect to specific PDU session paging restrictions. FIGs. 5 through 7 provide additional examples of paging restrictions and paging message transmission for two networks in a dual 3GPP access PDU session at a UE.

[0092] FIG. 5 shows an example of a process flow 500 that supports techniques for user equipment paging in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The process flow 500 may include a first access network entity 505 that provides access to a first RAN, a second access network entity 515 that provides access to a second RAN, a first AMF 510 associated with the first RAN, a second AMF 520 associated with the second RAN, and a UE 115-d, which may be examples of corresponding devices as described with reference to FIGs. 1 through 4. In some cases, the process flow 500 may be implemented by the network entities 505 through 520 and the UE 1 15- d when a capability indication from the UE 115-d provides an indication of support for D3A PDU sessions with access-specific paging restrictions. Such techniques may provide for power savings at the UE 115-d and network entities 505 through 520 associated with monitoring and transmitting paging messages, while also providing scheduling flexibility for data transmissions via one or both of the 3GPP accesses, which may thereby enhance overall network efficiency, reduce power consumption, and enhance user experience. In the following description of the process flow 500, the operations between the network entities 505 through 520 and the UE 115-d may be performed in a different order than the example order shown. Some operations may be omitted from the process flow 500, and other operations may be added to the process flow 500.

[0093] At 525, the UE 115-d may identify paging restrictions for dual 3GPP access. In some examples, the UE 115-d may identify such paging restrictions uponestablishment of dual 3GPP connections using a same SIM in accordance with a D3A PDU session establishment. As discussed herein, the paging restrictions may be implemented when the UE 115-d is in a CM-idle mode on both accesses. In some cases, the UE 115-d may be a single SIM UE. In other cases, the UE 115-d may be a dual SIM UE 1 15-d, and paging restrictions as discussed herein may be provided that are different than paging restrictions associated with different SIMs at the UE 115-d, and D3A PDU session paging restrictions may be provided separately for each SIM at the UE 115-d that uses D3A.

[0094] At 530, the UE 115-d may transmit, via the first access network entity 505, a registration or UE-triggered service request to the first AMF 510. In the example of FIG. 5, the registration or UE-triggered service request includes no paging restrictions. In some examples, the first RAN may be a primary PLMN. In some examples, the registration or UE-triggered service request does not indicate any paging restriction information (PR1).

[0095] At 535, the first AMF may transmit, via the first access network entity 505, a registration accept or N2 request message. In some examples, the registration accept or N2 request message may indicate that the PRI was received and stored at the first AMF 510. In some examples, the UE 115-d may identify that there are no paging restrictions for first RAN communications based on receipt of the registration accept of N2 request message (e g., the UE 115-d may monitor all configured paging occasions associated with the first RAN.

[0096] At 540, the UE 115-d may transmit, via the second access network entity 515 of the second RAN, a registration or UE-triggered service request to the second AMF 520. In the example of FIG. 5. the registration or UE-triggered service request includes one or more paging restrictions. In some examples, the secondary RAN may be a secondary PLMN or NPN. In some examples, the registration or UE-triggered service request includes paging restriction information (PRI) that indicates all paging is restricted for the D3A PDU session except for voice service, all paging is restricted for the D3A PDU session except for one or more specified PDU sessions, or all paging is restricted except for voice sen-ice and one or more specified PDU sessions.

[0097] At 545, the second AMF may transmit, via the second access network entity 515, a registration accept or N2 request message. In some examples, the registration accept or N2 request message may indicate that the PRI was received and stored at the second AMF 520. FIGs. 6 and 7 provide examples of paging messages and related transmissions that are based on the indicated paging restrictions for the first and second RANs.

[0098] FIG. 6 shows an example of a process flow 600 that supports techniques for user equipment paging in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The process flow 600 may include a first access network entity 605 that provides access to a first RAN, a second access network entity 610 that provides access to a second RAN, a first AMF 615 associated with the first RAN, a second AMF 620 associated with the second RAN, a first SMF 625 associated with the first RAN, a second SMF 630 associated with the second RAN, a UPF 635 associated with the second RAN, and a UE 115-e, which may be examples of corresponding devices as described with reference to FIGs. 1 through 5. In some cases, the process flow 600 may be implemented by the network entities 605 through 635 and the UE 115-e when a capability indication from the UE 115-e provides an indication of support for D3A PDU sessions with access-specific paging restrictions and when one or more D3A PDU session paging restrictions have been provided by the UE 115-e. In this example, the UE 115-e may have provided the second RAN with one or more paging restrictions, and the first RAN may have no paging restrictions. Such techniques may provide for power savings at the UE 115-e and network entities 605 through 635 associated with monitoring and transmitting paging messages, while also providing scheduling flexibility for data transmissions via one or both of the 3GPP accesses, which may thereby enhance overall network efficiency, reduce power consumption, and enhance user experience. In the following description of the process flow 600. the operations between the network entities 605 through 635 and the UE 115-e may be performed in a different order than the example order shown. Some operations may be omitted from the process flow 600, and other operations may be added to the process flow 600.

[0099] At 640, the UPF 635 may transmit, and the second SMF 630 may receive, a data notification. In some examples, the data notification may indicate that data is present for a downlink transmission to the UE 115-e.

[0100] At 645, the second SMF 630 may transmit, and the second AMF 620 may receive, a paging message that indicates the UE 115-e is to be paged in order to transition out of CM-idle and receive one or more downlink transmissions.

[0101] In the example of FIG. 6. at 650, the second SMF 630 also may transmit an indication to the first SMF 625 that data is present for transmission in a downlink communication to the UE 115-e. In this example, the indication to the first SMF 625 may be performed contemporaneously with a determination at the second AMF 620 of whether paging via the second RAN is restricted.

[0102] At 655, the second AMF 620 may identify that paging via the second RAN is rejected. In some examples, the second AMF 620 may determine, based on the paging restriction provided by the UE 1 15-e, that the paging message is to be rejected (e g., based on all D3A PDU session pages of the second RAN being restricted, based on an identification of a PDU associated with the paging message, based on a service type associated with the paging message, based on other information in PRE or any combinations thereof).

[0103] At 660, the second AMF may transmit, and the second SMF 630 may receive, a paging rejection message that indicates the page is not to be transmitted via the second RAN.

[0104] At 665, the first SMF 625 may transmit, and the first AMF 615 may receive, a paging message that indicates the UE 115-e is to be paged in order to transition out of CM-idle and receive one or more downlink transmissions via the first RAN.

[0105] At 670, the first AMF 615 may determine that paging is allowed for the UE 115-e. In some examples, the first AMF 615 may make such a determination based on PRI, as discussed herein.

[0106] At 675, the first AMF 615 may transmit, and the first access network entity 605 may receive, a paging message that indicated the UE 115-e is to be paged. At 680. the first access network entity 605 may transmit, and the UE 115-e may receive, the paging message that indicates the UE 115-e is to transition out of CM-idle to receive one or more downlink transmissions.

[0107] At 685, the UE 1 15-e and network entities of the first RAN may perform a service request procedure in which the UE 115-e transitions from CM-idle to an active mode to monitor for the one or more downlink transmissions. At 690, the UPF 635 may transmit, via the first RAN, downlink data that may be received at the UE 115-e.

[0108] In some examples, the registration or service request provided by the UE 115-e to the first AMF 615 and the second AMF 620 may include paging restriction information, as discussed herein. In some examples, the paging restriction information may be provided in one or more information elements. Examples of such information elements and related PRI are provided in Tables 1 through 3. For example, a separate information element from a dual-SIM PRI may be provided for indicating paging restrictions for D3A PSU sessions. Such separate and independent PRI and information elements allows flexibility7in signaling of PRI information for both D3 A traffic and multi-SIM traffic. For example, Table 1 shows mapping between bit patterns within PRI to a type of paging restriction for a network for one example. Table 2 shows one example of an information element (IE) for a paging restriction information (PRI) field. Table 3 shows one example of a separate IE encoded as a single bit in NAS message that indicates whether or not paging restriction are present for the associated RAN.Table 1 - Paging Restriction Information for D3A TrafficTable 2 - Information Element for PRI fieldTable 3 - IE Encoded As A Single Bit NAS Message

[0109] FIG. 7 shows an example of a process flow 700 that supports techniques for user equipment paging in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The process flow 700 may include a first access network entity 705 that provides access to a first RAN, a second access netw ork entity 710 that provides access to a second RAN, a first AMF 715 associated with the first RAN, a second AMF 720 associatedwith the second RAN, a first SMF 725 associated with the first RAN, a second SMF 730 associated with the second RAN, a UPF 735 associated with the second RAN, and a UE 115-f, which may be examples of corresponding devices as described with reference to FIGs. 1 through 5. In some cases, the process flow 700 may be implemented by the network entities 705 through 735 and the UE 115-f when a capability indication from the UE 115-f provides an indication of support for D3A PDU sessions with accessspecific paging restrictions and when one or more D3A PDU session paging restrictions have been provided by the UE 115-f. In this example, the UE 115-f may have provided the second RAN with one or more paging restnctions. and the first RAN may have no paging restrictions. Such techniques may provide for power savings at the UE 115-f and network entities 705 through 735 associated with monitoring and transmitting paging messages, while also providing scheduling flexibility for data transmissions via one or both of the 3GPP accesses, which may thereby enhance overall network efficiency, reduce power consumption, and enhance user experience. In the following description of the process flow 700, the operations between the network entities 705 through 735 and the UE 115-f may be performed in a different order than the example order shown. Some operations may be omitted from the process flow 700, and other operations may be added to the process flow 700.

[0110] At 740, the UPF 735 may transmit, and the second SMF 730 may receive, a data notification. In some examples, the data notification may indicate that data is present for a downlink transmission to the UE 115-f.[OHl] At 745, the second SMF 730 may transmit, and the second AMF 720 may receive, a paging message that indicates the UE 115-f is to be paged in order to transition out of CM-idle and receive one or more downlink transmissions.

[0112] At 750, the second AMF 720 may identify that paging via the second RAN is rejected. In some examples, the second AMF 720 may determine, based on the paging restriction provided by the UE 115-f, that the paging message is to be rejected (e.g., based on all D3A PDU session pages of the second RAN being restricted, based on an identification of a PDU associated with the paging message, based on a service type associated with the paging message, based on other information in PRE or any combinations thereof).

[0113] At 755, the second AMF may transmit, and the second SMF 730 may receive, a paging rejection message that indicates the page is not to be transmitted via the second RAN.

[0114] In the example of FIG. 7. at 760, the second SMF 730 may transmit an indication to the first SMF 725 that data is present for transmission in a downlink communication to the UE 115-f. In this example, the indication to the first SMF 725 may be performed subsequent to the determination at the second AMF 720 of whether paging via the second RAN is restricted.

[0115] At 765, the first SMF 725 may transmit, and the first AMF 715 may receive, a paging message that indicates the UE 115-f is to be paged in order to transition out of CM-idle and receive one or more downlink transmissions via the first RAN.

[0116] At 770, the first AMF 715 may determine that paging is allowed for the UE 115-f. In some examples, the first AMF 715 may make such a determination based on PRI, as discussed herein.

[0117] At 775, the first AMF 715 may transmit, and the first access network entity 705 may receive, a paging message that indicated the UE 115-f is to be paged. At 780. the first access network entity 705 may transmit, and the UE 115-f may receive, the paging message that indicates the UE 115-f is to transition out of CM-idle to receive one or more downlink transmissions.

[0118] At 785, the UE 115-f and network entities of the first RAN may perform a service request procedure in which the UE 1 15-f transitions from CM-idle to an active mode to monitor for the one or more downlink transmissions. At 790, the UPF 735 may transmit, via the first RAN, downlink data that may be received at the UE 115-f.

[0119] In some examples, the registration or service request provided by the UE 115-f to the first AMF 715 and the second AMF 720 may include paging restriction information, as discussed herein. In some examples, the paging restriction information may be provided in one or more information elements. Additional examples of such information elements and related PRI are provided in Tables 4 through 6. For example, an information element from a dual-SIM PRI may include additional information for indicating paging restrictions for D3A PSU sessions. Such signaling for D3A PDUsession paging restrictions with MUSIM paging restrictions allows for reduced overhead in comparison to a separate and independent transmission. For example, Table 4 shows mapping between bit patterns within PRI to a type of network paging restrictions for MUSIM paging and for D3A PDU session paging, for one example.Table 5 shows one example of an IE for a PRI field that indicates paging restrictions for a D3A PDU session and for MUSIM communications. Table 6 shows one example of information added to PRI for MUSIM, in which a separate D3A bit is configured (e.g., bit 5) that may indicate that paging restrictions apply to all D3A PDU Sessions.Table 4 - D3A Paging Restriction Added As Mapped Value of Paging restriction typeTable 5 - Information Element for PRI fieldTable 6 - Paging Restriction Information Element

[0120] FIG. 8 shows a block diagram 800 of a device 805 that supports techniques for user equipment paging in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 805 may be an example of aspects of a UE 115 as described herein. The device 805 may include a receiver 810, a transmitter 815. and a communications manager 820. The device 805, or one or more components of the device 805 (e.g., the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, and the communications manager 820), may include at least one processor, which may be coupled with at least onememory, to, individually or collectively, support or enable the described techniques. Each of these components may be in communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0121] The receiver 810 may provide a means for receiving information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to techniques for user equipment paging). Information may be passed on to other components of the device 805. The receiver 810 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.

[0122] The transmitter 815 may provide a means for transmitting signals generated by other components of the device 805. For example, the transmitter 815 may transmit information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to techniques for user equipment paging). In some examples, the transmitter 815 may be co-located with a receiver 810 in a transceiver module. The transmitter 815 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.

[0123] The communications manager 820, the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, or various combinations thereof or various components thereof may be examples of means for performing various aspects of techniques for user equipment paging as described herein. For example, the communications manager 820, the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, or various combinations or components thereof may be capable of performing one or more of the functions described herein.

[0124] In some examples, the communications manager 820, the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in communications management circuitry). The hardware may include at least one of a processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), a central processing unit (CPU), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, a microcontroller, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof configured as or otherwise supporting, individually or collectively, a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure. In some examples, at least one processorand at least one memory coupled with the at least one processor may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., by one or more processors, individually or collectively, executing instructions stored in the at least one memory).

[0125] Additionally, or alternatively, the communications manager 820, the receiver 810, the transmitter 815. or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in code (e g., as communications management software or firmware) executed by at least one processor. If implemented in code executed by at least one processor, the functions of the communications manager 820, the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, or various combinations or components thereof may be performed by a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, an ASIC, an FPGA, a microcontroller, or any combination of these or other programmable logic devices (e.g., configured as or otherwise supporting, individually or collectively, a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure).

[0126] In some examples, the communications manager 820 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, monitoring, outputting, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the receiver 810, the transmitter 81 , or both. For example, the communications manager 820 may receive information from the receiver 810, send information to the transmitter 815, or be integrated in combination with the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, or both to obtain information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

[0127] The communications manager 820 may support wireless communications in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. For example, the communications manager 820 is capable of. configured to, or operable to support a means for establishing a first communication session with a first network using a first SIM. The communications manager 820 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for establishing a second communication session with a second network using the first SIM. communications via the first communication session are contemporaneous with communications via the second communication session, and the first communication session and the second communication session are established according to a dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session. The communications manager 820 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting a first paging indication to a first network entity of the first network thatpaging messages to the UE via the first network are restricted. The communications manager 820 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for monitoring for one or more paging messages via the second network.

[0128] By including or configuring the communications manager 820 in accordance with examples as described herein, the device 805 (e.g.. at least one processor controlling or otherwise coupled with the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, the communications manager 820, or a combination thereof) may support techniques for providing paging restrictions and for paging based on provided restrictions for D3A PDU sessions, which may help reduce power consumption as UEs, reduce latency for communications, enhance reliability, and provide more efficient utilization of communication resources.

[0129] FIG. 9 shows a block diagram 900 of a device 905 that supports techniques for user equipment paging in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 905 may be an example of aspects of a device 805 or a UE 115 as described herein. The device 905 may include a receiver 910, a transmitter 915, and a communications manager 920. The device 905, or one of more components of the device 905 (e.g., the receiver 910, the transmitter 915, and the communications manager 920), may include at least one processor, which may be coupled with at least one memory, to support the described techniques. Each of these components may be in communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0130] The receiver 910 may provide a means for receiving information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to techniques for user equipment paging). Information may be passed on to other components of the device 905. The receiver 910 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.

[0131] The transmitter 915 may provide a means for transmitting signals generated by other components of the device 905. For example, the transmitter 915 may transmit information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to techniques for user equipment paging). In someexamples, the transmitter 915 may be co-located with a receiver 910 in a transceiver module. The transmitter 915 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.

[0132] The device 905, or various components thereof, may be an example of means for performing various aspects of techniques for user equipment paging as described herein. For example, the communications manager 920 may include a connection establishment manager 925, a paging restriction manager 930, a page monitoring manager 935, or any combination thereof. The communications manager 920 may be an example of aspects of a communications manager 820 as described herein. In some examples, the communications manager 920, or various components thereof, may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, monitoring, outputting, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the receiver 910, the transmitter 915, or both. For example, the communications manager 920 may receive information from the receiver 910. send information to the transmitter 915, or be integrated in combination with the receiver 910. the transmitter 915, or both to obtain information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

[0133] The communications manager 920 may support wireless communications in accordance wi th examples as disclosed herein. The connection establishment manager 925 is capable of, configured to. or operable to support a means for establishing a first communication session with a first network using a first SIM. The connection establishment manager 925 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for establishing a second communication session with a second network using the first SIM, communications via the first communication session are contemporaneous with communications via the second communication session, and the first communication session and the second communication session are established according to a dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session. The paging restriction manager 930 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting a first paging indication to a first network entity of the first network that paging messages to the UE via the first network are restricted. The page monitoring manager 935 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for monitoring for one or more paging messages via the second network.

[0134] FIG. 10 shows a block diagram 1000 of a communications manager 1020 that supports techniques for user equipment paging in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The communications manager 1020 may be an example of aspects of a communications manager 820, a communications manager 920, or both, as described herein. The communications manager 1020, or various components thereof, may be an example of means for performing various aspects of techniques for user equipment paging as described herein. For example, the communications manager 1020 may include a connection establishment manager 1025, a paging restriction manager 1030, a page monitoring manager 1035. a first network communications manager 1040, or any combination thereof. Each of these components, or components or subcomponents thereof (e.g., one or more processors, one or more memories), may communicate, directly or indirectly, with one another (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0135] The communications manager 1020 may support wireless communications in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The connection establishment manager 1025 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for establishing a first communication session with a first network using a first SIM. In some examples, the connection establishment manager 1025 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for establishing a second communication session with a second network using the first SIM, communications via the first communication session are contemporaneous with communications via the second communication session, and the first communication session and the second communication session are established according to a dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session. The paging restriction manager 1030 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting a first paging indication to a first network entity of the first network that paging messages to the UE via the first network are restricted. The page monitoring manager 1035 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for monitoring for one or more paging messages via the second network.

[0136] In some examples, the first network is a first PLMN or a first NPN, and the second network is a second PLMN or a second NPN. In some examples, to support transmitting the first paging indication, the paging restriction manager 1030 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting a first registrationrequest or a first service request to the first network entity that indicates at least a portion of paging messages to the UE via the first network are restricted for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session.

[0137] In some examples, the paging restriction manager 1030 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting a second registration request or a second service request to a second network entity of the second network that does not include any paging restrictions associated with the second network or includes different paging restrictions than the first network for at least a portion of paging messages to the UE via the second network.

[0138] In some examples, the page monitoring manager 1035 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving, from a second network entity of the second network, a first paging message that indicates the UE is to communicate with the first network. In some examples, the first network communications manager 1040 is capable of, configured to. or operable to support a means for initiating communications with the first network responsive to the first paging message. In some examples, the first network communications manager 1040 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving one or more downlink communications via the first network.

[0139] In some examples, to support transmitting the first paging indication, the paging restriction manager 1030 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting an information element that indicates a paging restriction for dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session at the UE. In some examples, the information element indicates that all paging is restricted for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session except for voice service, all paging is restricted for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session except for one or more specified protocol data unit sessions, or all paging is restricted except for voice service and one or more specified protocol data unit sessions. In some examples, the information element is a single bit non-access stratum message that indicates that the UE has no paging restriction for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session or that all paging is restricted for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session.

[0140] In some examples, to support transmitting the first paging indication, the paging restriction manager 1030 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting an information element that indicates a first paging restriction for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session at the UE based on extending a paging restriction for UEs with two or more SIMs. In some examples, the first paging restriction for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session at the UE is indicated by a paging restriction type field in the information element, and where paging restrictions for the first network are mapped to bit value patterns of a set of paging restriction bits in the information element.

[0141] In some examples, the first paging restriction for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session at the UE is indicated by a bit included in the information element, where a first value of the bit indicates no paging restrictions are present, and a second value of the bit indicates that all dual 3GPP access protocol data unit sessions of the first network have paging restrictions at the UE.

[0142] FIG. 11 shows a diagram of a system 1100 including a device 1105 that supports techniques for user equipment paging in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 1105 may be an example of or include the components of a device 805, a device 905, or a UE 115 as described herein. The device 1105 may communicate (e.g., wirelessly) with one or more network entities 105. one or more UEs 115, or any combination thereof. The device 1105 may include components for bi-directional voice and data communications including components for transmitting and receiving communications, such as a communications manager 1120, an input / output (I / O) controller 1110. a transceiver 1115. an antenna 1125, at least one memory 1130, code 1135, and at least one processor 1140. These components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more buses (e.g., a bus 1145).

[0143] The I / O controller 1110 may manage input and output signals for the device 1105. The I / O controller 1110 may also manage peripherals not integrated into the device 1105. In some cases, the I / O controller 1 110 may represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral. In some cases, the I / O controller 1110 may utilize an operating system such as iOS®, ANDROID®, MS-DOS®, MS-WINDOWS®, OS / 2®, UNIX®, LINUX®, or another known operating system. Additionally or alternatively,the I / O controller 11 10 may represent or interact with a modem, a keyboard, a mouse, a touchscreen, or a similar device. In some cases, the I / O controller 1110 may be implemented as part of one or more processors, such as the at least one processor 1140. In some cases, a user may interact with the device 1105 via the I / O controller 1110 or via hardware components controlled by the I / O controller 1110.

[0144] In some cases, the device 1 105 may include a single antenna 1125. However, in some other cases, the device 1105 may have more than one antenna 1125, which may be capable of concurrently transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions. The transceiver 1115 may communicate bi-directionally, via the one or more antennas 1125, wired, or wireless links as described herein. For example, the transceiver 1115 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bi-directionally with another wireless transceiver. The transceiver 1115 may also include a modem to modulate the packets, to provide the modulated packets to one or more antennas 1125 for transmission, and to demodulate packets received from the one or more antennas 1125. The transceiver 1115, or the transceiver 1 115 and one or more antennas 1125, may be an example of a transmitter 815, a transmitter 915, a receiver 810, a receiver 910, or any combination thereof or component thereof, as described herein.

[0145] The at least one memory 1130 may include random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM). The at least one memory 1130 may store computer- readable, computer-executable code 1135 including instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor 1140, cause the device 1105 to perform various functions described herein. The code 1135 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. In some cases, the code 1135 may not be directly executable by the at least one processor 1140 but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform functions described herein. In some cases, the at least one memory 1130 may contain, among other things, a basic I / O system (BIOS) which may control basic hardware or software operation such as the interaction with peripheral components or devices.

[0146] The at least one processor 1140 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, a microcontroller, an ASIC, an FPGA, a programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic component, a discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof). In some cases, the at leastone processor 1 140 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other cases, a memory controller may be integrated into the at least one processor 1140. The at least one processor 1140 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., the at least one memory 1130) to cause the device 1105 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting techniques for user equipment paging). For example, the device 1 105 or a component of the device 1105 may include at least one processor 1140 and at least one memory 1130 coupled with or to the at least one processor 1140, the at least one processor 1140 and at least one memory 1130 configured to perform various functions described herein. In some examples, the at least one processor 1140 may include multiple processors and the at least one memory 1130 may include multiple memories. One or more of the multiple processors may be coupled with one or more of the multiple memories, which may, individually or collectively, be configured to perform various functions herein. In some examples, the at least one processor 1140 may be a component of a processing system, which may refer to a system (such as a series) of machines, circuitry (including, for example, one or both of processor circuitry (which may include the at least one processor 1140) and memory circuitry (which may include the at least one memory 1130)), or components, that receives or obtains inputs and processes the inputs to produce, generate, or obtain a set of outputs. The processing system may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein. As such, the at least one processor 1140 or a processing system including the at least one processor 1140 may be configured to, configurable to, or operable to cause the device 1105 to perform one or more of the functions described herein. Further, as described herein, being “configured to,” being “configurable to,” and being “operable to” may be used interchangeably and may be associated with a capability, when executing code stored in the at least one memory 1130 or otherwise, to perform one or more of the functions described herein.

[0147] The communications manager 1120 may support wireless communications in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. For example, the communications manager 1120 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for establishing a first communication session with a first network using a first SIM. The communications manager 1120 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support ameans for establishing a second communication session with a second network using the first SIM, communications via the first communication session are contemporaneous with communications via the second communication session, and the first communication session and the second communication session are established according to a dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session. The communications manager 1120 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting a first paging indication to a first network entity of the first network that paging messages to the UE via the first network are restricted. The communications manager 1120 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for monitoring for one or more paging messages via the second network.

[0148] By including or configuring the communications manager 1120 in accordance with examples as described herein, the device 1105 may support techniques for providing paging restrictions and for paging based on provided restrictions for D3A PDU sessions, which may help reduce power consumption as UEs, reduce latency for communications, enhance reliability, and provide more efficient utilization of communication resources.

[0149] In some examples, the communications manager 1120 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g.. receiving, monitoring, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the transceiver 1115, the one or more antennas 1125. or any combination thereof. Although the communications manager 1120 is illustrated as a separate component, in some examples, one or more functions described with reference to the communications manager 1120 may be supported by or performed by the at least one processor 1140, the at least one memory 1130, the code 1135, or any combination thereof. For example, the code 1 135 may include instructions executable by the at least one processor 1140 to cause the device 1105 to perform various aspects of techniques for user equipment paging as described herein, or the at least one processor 1140 and the at least one memory 1130 may be otherwise configured to, individually or collectively, perform or support such operations.

[0150] FIG. 12 shows a block diagram 1200 of a device 1205 that supports techniques for user equipment paging in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 1205 may be an example of aspects of a network entity7105 as described herein. The device 1205 may include a receiver 1210, a transmitter1215, and a communications manager 1220. The device 1205, or one or more components of the device 1205 (e.g., the receiver 1210, the transmitter 1215, and the communications manager 1220), may include at least one processor, which may be coupled with at least one memory, to, individually or collectively, support or enable the described techniques. Each of these components may be in communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0151] The receiver 1210 may provide a means for obtaining (e.g., receiving, determining, identifying) information such as user data, control information, or any combination thereof (e.g., I / Q samples, symbols, packets, protocol data units, service data units) associated with various channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels, channels associated with a protocol stack). Information may be passed on to other components of the device 1205. In some examples, the receiver 1210 may support obtaining information by receiving signals via one or more antennas. Additionally, or alternatively, the receiver 1210 may support obtaining information by receiving signals via one or more wired (e.g., electrical, fiber optic) interfaces, wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof.

[0152] The transmitter 1215 may provide a means for outputting (e.g., transmitting, providing, conveying, sending) information generated by other components of the device 1205. For example, the transmitter 1215 may output information such as user data, control information, or any combination thereof (e.g., I / Q samples, symbols, packets, protocol data units, service data units) associated with various channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels, channels associated with a protocol stack). In some examples, the transmitter 1215 may support outputting information by transmitting signals via one or more antennas. Additionally, or alternatively, the transmitter 1215 may support outputting information by transmitting signals via one or more wired (e.g., electrical, fiber optic) interfaces, wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof. In some examples, the transmitter 1215 and the receiver 1210 may be co-located in a transceiver, which may include or be coupled with a modem.

[0153] The communications manager 1220, the receiver 1210, the transmitter 1215, or various combinations thereof or various components thereof may be examples of means for performing various aspects of techniques for user equipment paging asdescribed herein. For example, the communications manager 1220, the receiver 1210, the transmitter 1215, or various combinations or components thereof may be capable of performing one or more of the functions described herein.

[0154] In some examples, the communications manager 1220, the receiver 1210, the transmitter 1215. or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in communications management circuitry). The hardware may include at least one of a processor, a DSP, a CPU, an ASIC, an FPGA or other programmable logic device, a microcontroller, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof configured as or otherwise supporting, individually or collectively, a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure. In some examples, at least one processor and at least one memory coupled with the at least one processor may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., by one or more processors, individually or collectively, executing instructions stored in the at least one memory).

[0155] Additionally, or alternatively, the communications manager 1220, the receiver 1210, the transmitter 1215, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in code (e.g., as communications management software or firmware) executed by at least one processor. If implemented in code executed by at least one processor, the functions of the communications manager 1220, the receiver 1210, the transmitter 1215, or various combinations or components thereof may be performed by a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, an ASIC, an FPGA, a microcontroller, or any combination of these or other programmable logic devices (e.g., configured as or otherwise supporting, individually or collectively, a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure).

[0156] In some examples, the communications manager 1220 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, monitoring, outputting, transmitting) using or otherw ise in cooperation with the receiver 1210, the transmitter 1215. or both. For example, the communications manager 1220 may receive information from the receiver 1210, send information to the transmitter 1215, or be integrated in combination with the receiver 1210, the transmitter 1215, or both to obtain information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

[0157] The communications manager 1220 may support wireless communications in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. For example, the communications manager 1220 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for establishing a first communication session with a UE, where the first communication session uses a SIM at the UE, and the UE communicates with the first network contemporaneously with communications with a second network using the SIM in a dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session. The communications manager 1220 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving a first paging indication that paging messages to the UE via the first network are restricted. The communications manager 1220 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for communicating with the second network to transmit one or more paging messages to the UE via the second network.

[0158] Additionally, or alternatively, the communications manager 1220 may support wireless communications in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. For example, the communications manager 1220 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for establishing a first communication session with a UE, where the first communication session uses a SIM at the UE, and the UE communicates with the first network contemporaneously with communications with a second network using the SIM in a dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session. The communications manager 1220 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving, from the UE, a first paging indication that paging messages to the UE via the first network are restricted. The communications manager 1220 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for communicating with a second network entity of the first network to transmit one or more paging messages to the UE via the second network.

[0159] By including or configuring the communications manager 1220 in accordance with examples as described herein, the device 1205 (e.g., at least one processor controlling or otherwise coupled with the receiver 1210, the transmitter 1215, the communications manager 1220, or a combination thereof) may support techniques for providing paging restrictions and for paging based on provided restrictions for D3A PDU sessions, which may help reduce power consumption as UEs, reduce latency for communications, enhance reliability, and provide more efficient utilization of communication resources.

[0160] FIG. 13 shows a block diagram 1300 of a device 1305 that supports techniques for user equipment paging in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 1305 may be an example of aspects of a device 1205 or a network entity 105 as described herein. The device 1305 may include a receiver 1310, a transmitter 1315, and a communications manager 1320. The device 1305, or one of more components of the device 1305 (e.g., the receiver 1310, the transmitter 1315, and the communications manager 1320), may include at least one processor, which may be coupled with at least one memory, to support the described techniques. Each of these components may be in communication with one another (e.g.. via one or more buses).

[0161] The receiver 1310 may provide a means for obtaining (e.g., receiving, determining, identifying) information such as user data, control information, or any combination thereof (e.g., I / Q samples, symbols, packets, protocol data units, service data units) associated with various channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels, channels associated with a protocol stack). Information may be passed on to other components of the device 1305. In some examples, the receiver 1310 may support obtaining information by receiving signals via one or more antennas. Additionally, or alternatively, the receiver 1310 may support obtaining information by receiving signals via one or more wired (e.g., electrical, fiber optic) interfaces, wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof.

[0162] The transmitter 1315 may provide a means for outputting (e.g., transmitting, providing, conveying, sending) information generated by other components of the device 1305. For example, the transmitter 1315 may output information such as user data, control information, or any combination thereof (e.g., I / Q samples, symbols, packets, protocol data units, service data units) associated with various channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels, channels associated with a protocol stack). In some examples, the transmitter 1315 may support outputting information by transmitting signals via one or more antennas. Additionally, or alternatively, the transmitter 1315 may support outputting information by transmitting signals via one or more wired (e.g., electrical, fiber optic) interfaces, wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof. In some examples, the transmitter 1315 and the receiver 1310 may be co-located in a transceiver, which may include or be coupled with a modem.

[0163] The device 1305, or various components thereof, may be an example of means for performing various aspects of techniques for user equipment paging as described herein. For example, the communications manager 1320 may include a connection establishment manager 1325, a paging manager 1330. a second network communications manager 1335, or any combination thereof. The communications manager 1320 may be an example of aspects of a communications manager 1220 as described herein. In some examples, the communications manager 1320, or various components thereof, may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, monitoring, outputting, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the receiver 1310, the transmitter 1315, or both. For example, the communications manager 1320 may receive information from the receiver 1310, send information to the transmitter 1315, or be integrated in combination with the receiver 1310, the transmitter 1315. or both to obtain information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

[0164] The communications manager 1320 may support wireless communications in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The connection establishment manager 1325 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for establishing a first communication session with a UE. where the first communication session uses a SIM at the UE, and the UE communicates with the first network contemporaneously with communications with a second network using the SIM in a dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session. The paging manager 1330 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving a first paging indication that paging messages to the UE via the first network are restricted. The second network communications manager 1335 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for communicating with the second network to transmit one or more paging messages to the UE via the second network.

[0165] Additionally, or alternatively, the communications manager 1320 may support wireless communications in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The connection establishment manager 1325 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for establishing a first communication session with a UE, where the first communication session uses a SIM at the UE, and the UE communicates with the first network contemporaneously with communications with a second network using theSIM in a dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session. The paging manager 1330 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving, from the UE, a first paging indication that paging messages to the UE via the first network are restricted. The paging manager 1330 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for communicating with a second network entity of the first network to transmit one or more paging messages to the UE via the second network.

[0166] FIG. 14 shows a block diagram 1400 of a communications manager 1420 that supports techniques for user equipment paging in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The communications manager 1420 may be an example of aspects of a communications manager 1220, a communications manager 1320, or both, as described herein. The communications manager 1420, or various components thereof, may be an example of means for performing various aspects of techniques for user equipment paging as described herein. For example, the communications manager 1420 may include a connection establishment manager 1425, a paging manager 1430, a second network communications manager 1435, a data notification manager 1440, a paging rejection manager 1445, a paging restriction manager 1450, or any combination thereof. Each of these components, or components or subcomponents thereof (e.g., one or more processors, one or more memories), may communicate, directly or indirectly, with one another (e.g., via one or more buses) which may include communications within a protocol layer of a protocol stack, communications associated with a logical channel of a protocol stack (e.g., between protocol layers of a protocol stack, within a device, component, or virtualized component associated with a network entity 105, between devices, components, or virtualized components associated with a network entity 105), or any combination thereof.

[0167] The communications manager 1420 may support wireless communications in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The connection establishment manager 1425 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for establishing a first communication session with a UE, where the first communication session uses a SIM at the UE, and the UE communicates with the first network contemporaneously with communications with a second network using the SIM in a dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session. The paging manager 1430 is capable of,configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving a first paging indication that paging messages to the UE via the first network are restricted. The second network communications manager 1435 is capable of, configured to. or operable to support a means for communicating with the second network to transmit one or more paging messages to the UE via the second network.

[0168] In some examples, to support communicating with the second network to transmit one or more paging messages to the UE, the data notification manager 1440 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving an indication that data is to be transmitted to the UE via the second network. In some examples, to support communicating with the second network to transmit one or more paging messages to the UE, the paging manager 1430 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting a paging request to an AMF associated with the first network contemporaneously with transmission of the paging request to a SMF associated with the second network.

[0169] In some examples, to support communicating with the second network to transmit one or more paging messages to the UE, the paging rejection manager 1445 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving, from the AMF associated with the first network, a paging rejection indication.

[0170] In some examples, to support communicating with the second network to transmit one or more paging messages to the UE, the data notification manager 1440 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving an indication that data is to be transmitted to the UE via the second network. In some examples, to support communicating with the second network to transmit one or more paging messages to the UE, the paging manager 1430 is capable of. configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting a first paging request to a first AMF associated with the first network. In some examples, to support communicating with the second network to transmit one or more paging messages to the UE, the paging rejection manager 1445 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving, from the AMF associated with the first network, a paging rejection indication. In some examples, to support communicating with the second network to transmit one or more paging messages to the UE, the second network communications manager 1435 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting, responsive to the pagingrejection indication, a second paging request to a second AMF associated with the second network.

[0171] Additionally, or alternatively, the communications manager 1420 may support wireless communications in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, the connection establishment manager 1425 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for establishing a first communication session with a UE, where the first communication session uses a SIM at the UE, and the UE communicates with the first network contemporaneously with communications with a second network using the SIM in a dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session. In some examples, the paging manager 1430 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving, from the UE, a first paging indication that paging messages to the UE via the first network are restricted. In some examples, the paging manager 1430 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for communicating with a second network entity of the first network to transmit one or more paging messages to the UE via the second network.

[0172] In some examples, to support communicating with the second network entity7, the data notification manager 1440 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving, from the second network entity7, a first paging message that indicates the UE is to be paged. In some examples, to support communicating with the second network entity, the paging manager 1430 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for determining that the first paging message is restricted based on the first paging indication. In some examples, to support communicating with the second network entity, the paging restriction manager 1450 is capable of. configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting, to the second network entity, a rejection indication that includes a rejection indication for the first paging message and an indication that the second network is to be used for the first paging message.

[0173] In some examples, to support receiving the first paging indication, the paging restriction manager 1450 is capable of. configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving, from the UE, a first registration request or a first service request that indicates paging messages to the UE are restricted for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session. In some examples, the first registration request or the firstservice request includes an information element that indicates a paging restriction for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session at the UE.

[0174] In some examples, the information element indicates that all paging is restricted for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session except for voice service, all paging is restricted for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session except for one or more specified protocol data unit sessions, or all paging is restricted except for voice sendee and one or more specified protocol data unit sessions. In some examples, the information element is a single bit non-access stratum message that indicates that the UE has no paging restriction for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session or that all paging is restricted for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session.

[0175] In some examples, to support receiving the first paging indication, the paging restriction manager 1450 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving an information element that indicates a first paging restriction for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session at the UE and a second paging restriction for paging using two or more SIMs at the UE.

[0176] In some examples, the first paging restriction for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session at the UE is indicated by a paging restriction type field in the information element, and where paging restrictions for the first network are mapped to bit value patterns of a set of paging restriction bits in the information element. In some examples, the first paging restriction for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session at the UE is indicated by a bit included in the information element, where a first value of the bit indicates no paging restrictions are present, and a second value of the bit indicates that all protocol data unit sessions of the first network have paging restrictions at the UE.

[0177] FIG. 15 shows a diagram of a system 1500 including a device 1505 that supports techniques for user equipment paging in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 1505 may be an example of or include the components of a device 1205, a device 1305, or a network entity 105 as described herein. The device 1505 may communicate with one or more network entities 105. one or more UEs 115, or any combination thereof, which may include communications over one or more wired interfaces, over one or more wireless interfaces, or any combinationthereof. The device 1505 may include components that support outputting and obtaining communications, such as a communications manager 1520, a transceiver 1510, an antenna 1515, at least one memory 1525, code 1530, and at least one processor 1535. These components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g.. operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more buses (e.g., a bus 1540).

[0178] The transceiver 1510 may support bi-directional communications via wired links, wireless links, or both as described herein. In some examples, the transceiver 1510 may include a wired transceiver and may communicate bi-directionally with another wired transceiver. Additionally, or alternatively, in some examples, the transceiver 1510 may include a wireless transceiver and may communicate bidirectionally with another wireless transceiver. In some examples, the device 1505 may include one or more antennas 1515, which may be capable of transmitting or receiving wireless transmissions (e.g., concurrently). The transceiver 1510 may also include a modem to modulate signals, to provide the modulated signals for transmission (e g., by one or more antennas 1515, by a wired transmitter), to receive modulated signals (e.g., from one or more antennas 1515, from a wired receiver), and to demodulate signals. In some implementations, the transceiver 1510 may include one or more interfaces, such as one or more interfaces coupled with the one or more antennas 1515 that are configured to support various receiving or obtaining operations, or one or more interfaces coupled with the one or more antennas 1515 that are configured to support various transmitting or outputting operations, or a combination thereof. In some implementations, the transceiver 1510 may include or be configured for coupling with one or more processors or one or more memory components that are operable to perform or support operations based on received or obtained information or signals, or to generate information or other signals for transmission or other outputting, or any combination thereof. In some implementations, the transceiver 1510, or the transceiver 1510 and the one or more antennas 1515, or the transceiver 1510 and the one or more antennas 1515 and one or more processors or one or more memon components (e.g., the at least one processor 1535, the at least one memory 1525, or both), may be included in a chip or chip assembly that is installed in the device 1505. In some examples, the transceiver 1510 may be operable to support communications via one or more communications links(e.g., a communication link 125, a backhaul communication link 120, a midhaul communication link 162, a fronthaul communication link 168).

[0179] The at least one memory 1525 may include RAM, ROM, or any combination thereof. The at least one memory' 1525 may store computer-readable, computerexecutable code 1530 including instructions that, when executed by one or more of the at least one processor 1535, cause the device 1505 to perform various functions described herein. The code 1530 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory . In some cases, the code 1530 may not be directly executable by a processor of the at least one processor 1535 but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform functions described herein. In some cases, the at least one memory 1525 may contain, among other things, a BIOS which may control basic hardware or software operation such as the interaction with peripheral components or devices. In some examples, the at least one processor 1535 may include multiple processors and the at least one memory 1525 may include multiple memories. One or more of the multiple processors may be coupled with one or more of the multiple memories which may, individually or collectively, be configured to perform various functions herein (for example, as part of a processing system).

[0180] The at least one processor 1535 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general-purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, a CPU, an FPGA, a microcontroller, a programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, a discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof). In some cases, the at least one processor 1535 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other cases, a memory controller may be integrated into one or more of the at least one processor 1535. The at least one processor 1535 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., one or more of the at least one memory’ 1525) to cause the device 1505 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting techniques for user equipment paging). For example, the device 1505 or a component of the device 1505 may include at least one processor 1535 and at least one memory 1525 coupled with one or more of the at least one processor 1535. the at least one processor 1535 and the at least one memory 1525 configured to perform various functions described herein. The at least one processor 1535 may be anexample of a cloud-computing platform (e.g., one or more physical nodes and supporting software such as operating systems, virtual machines, or container instances) that may host the functions (e.g., by executing code 1530) to perform the functions of the device 1505. The at least one processor 1535 may be any one or more suitable processors capable of executing scripts or instructions of one or more software programs stored in the device 1505 (such as within one or more of the at least one memory 1525). In some examples, the at least one processor 1535 may include multiple processors and the at least one memory 1525 may include multiple memories. One or more of the multiple processors may be coupled with one or more of the multiple memories, which may, individually or collectively, be configured to perform various functions herein. In some examples, the at least one processor 1535 may be a component of a processing system, which may refer to a system (such as a series) of machines, circuitry (including, for example, one or both of processor circuitry (which may include the at least one processor 1535) and memory circuitry (which may include the at least one memory 1525)), or components, that receives or obtains inputs and processes the inputs to produce, generate, or obtain a set of outputs. The processing system may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein. As such, the at least one processor 1535 or a processing system including the at least one processor 1535 may be configured to, configurable to, or operable to cause the device 1505 to perform one or more of the functions described herein. Further, as described herein, being “configured to.” being “configurable to,” and being “operable to” may be used interchangeably and may be associated with a capability, when executing code stored in the at least one memory 1525 or otherwise, to perform one or more of the functions described herein.

[0181] In some examples, a bus 1540 may support communications of (e.g., within) a protocol layer of a protocol stack. In some examples, a bus 1540 may support communications associated with a logical channel of a protocol stack (e.g.. between protocol layers of a protocol stack), which may include communications performed within a component of the device 1505, or between different components of the device 1505 that may be co-located or located in different locations (e.g., where the device 1505 may refer to a system in which one or more of the communications manager 1520, the transceiver 1510, the at least one memory 1525, the code 1530, and the at least oneprocessor 1535 may be located in one of the different components or divided between different components).

[0182] In some examples, the communications manager 1520 may manage aspects of communications with a core network 130 (e.g., via one or more wired or wireless backhaul links). For example, the communications manager 1520 may manage the transfer of data communications for client devices, such as one or more UEs 115. In some examples, the communications manager 1520 may manage communications with other network entities 105, and may include a controller or scheduler for controlling communications with UEs 115 in cooperation with other network entities 105. In some examples, the communications manager 1520 may support an X2 interface within an LTE / LTE-A wireless communications network technology to provide communication between network entities 105.

[0183] The communications manager 1520 may support wireless communications in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. For example, the communications manager 1520 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for establishing a first communication session with a UE, where the first communication session uses a SIM at the UE, and the UE communicates with the first network contemporaneously with communications with a second network using the SIM in a dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session. The communications manager 1520 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving a first paging indication that paging messages to the UE via the first network are restricted. The communications manager 1520 is capable of, configured to. or operable to support a means for communicating with the second network to transmit one or more paging messages to the UE via the second network.

[0184] Additionally, or alternatively, the communications manager 1520 may support wireless communications in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. For example, the communications manager 1520 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for establishing a first communication session with a UE, where the first communication session uses a SIM at the UE, and the UE communicates with the first network contemporaneously with communications with a second network using the SIM in a dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session. The communications manager 1520 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving, from theUE, a first paging indication that paging messages to the UE via the first network are restricted. The communications manager 1520 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for communicating with a second network entity of the first network to transmit one or more paging messages to the UE via the second network.

[0185] By including or configuring the communications manager 1520 in accordance with examples as described herein, the device 1505 may support techniques for providing paging restrictions and for paging based on provided restrictions for D3A PDU sessions, which may help reduce power consumption as UEs, reduce latency for communications, enhance reliability, and provide more efficient utilization of communication resources.

[0186] In some examples, the communications manager 1520 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, monitoring, outputting, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the transceiver 1510, the one or more antennas 1515 (e.g., where applicable), or any combination thereof. Although the communications manager 1520 is illustrated as a separate component, in some examples, one or more functions described with reference to the communications manager 1520 may be supported by or performed by the transceiver 1510, one or more of the at least one processor 1535, one or more of the at least one memory’ 1525, the code 1530. or any combination thereof (for example, by a processing system including at least a portion of the at least one processor 1535, the at least one memory 1525, the code 1530, or any combination thereol). For example, the code 1530 may include instructions executable by one or more of the at least one processor 1535 to cause the device 1505 to perform various aspects of techniques for user equipment paging as described herein, or the at least one processor 1535 and the at least one memory 1525 may be otherwise configured to, individually or collectively, perform or support such operations.

[0187] FIG. 16 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 1600 that supports techniques for user equipment paging in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1600 may be implemented by a UE or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1600 may be performed by a UE 115 as described with reference to FIGs. 1 through 11. In some examples, a UE may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements ofthe UE to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.

[0188] At 1605, the method may include establishing a first communication session with a first network using a first SIM. The operations of block 1605 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1605 may be performed by a connection establishment manager 1025 as described with reference to FIG. 10.

[0189] At 1610, the method may include establishing a second communication session with a second network using the first SIM, communications via the first communication session are contemporaneous with communications via the second communication session, and the first communication session and the second communication session are established according to a dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session. The operations of block 1610 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1610 may be performed by a connection establishment manager 1025 as described with reference to FIG. 10.

[0190] At 1615, the method may include transmitting a first paging indication to a first network entity of the first network that paging messages to the UE via the first network are restricted. The operations of block 1615 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1615 may be performed by a paging restriction manager 1030 as described with reference to FIG. 10.

[0191] At 1620, the method may include monitoring for one or more paging messages via the second network. The operations of block 1620 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1620 may be performed by a page monitoring manager 1035 as described with reference to FIG. 10.

[0192] FIG. 17 shows a flow chart illustrating a method 1700 that supports techniques for user equipment paging in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1700 may be implemented by a UE or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1700 maybe performed by a UE 1 15 as described with reference to FIGs. 1 through 1 1 . In some examples, a UE may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.

[0193] At 1705, the method may include establishing a first communication session with a first network using a first SIM. The operations of block 1705 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1705 may be performed by a connection establishment manager 1025 as described with reference to FIG. 10.

[0194] At 1710, the method may include establishing a second communication session with a second network using the first SIM, communications via the first communication session are contemporaneous with communications via the second communication session, and the first communication session and the second communication session are established according to a dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session. The operations of block 1710 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1710 may be performed by a connection establishment manager 1025 as described with reference to FIG. 10.

[0195] At 1715, the method may include transmitting a first registration request or a first service request to the first network entity that indicates at least a portion of paging messages to the UE via the first network are restricted for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session. The operations of block 1715 may be performed in accordance wi th examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1715 may be performed by a paging restriction manager 1030 as described with reference to FIG. 10.

[0196] At 1720, the method may include transmitting a second registration request or a second service request to a second network entity of the second network that does not include any paging restrictions associated with the second network or includes different paging restrictions than the first network for at least a portion of paging messages to the UE via the second network. The operations of block 1720 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspectsof the operations of 1720 may be performed by a paging restriction manager 1030 as described with reference to FIG. 10.

[0197] At 1725, the method may include monitoring for one or more paging messages via the second network. The operations of block 1725 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1725 may be performed by a page monitoring manager 1035 as described with reference to FIG. 10.

[0198] FIG. 18 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 1800 that supports techniques for user equipment paging in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1800 may be implemented by a UE or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1800 may be performed by a UE 115 as described with reference to FIGs. 1 through 11. In some examples, a UE may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.

[0199] At 1805, the method may include establishing a first communication session with a first network using a first SIM. The operations of block 1805 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1805 may be performed by a connection establishment manager 1025 as described with reference to FIG. 10.

[0200] At 1810, the method may include establishing a second communication session with a second network using the first SIM, communications via the first communication session are contemporaneous with communications via the second communication session, and the first communication session and the second communication session are established according to a dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session. The operations of block 1810 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1810 may be performed by a connection establishment manager 1025 as described with reference to FIG. 10.

[0201] At 1815, the method may include transmitting a first paging indication to a first network entity of the first network that paging messages to the UE via the firstnetwork are restricted. The operations of block 1815 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1815 may be performed by a paging restriction manager 1030 as described with reference to FIG. 10.

[0202] At 1820, the method may include monitoring for one or more paging messages via the second network. The operations of block 1820 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1820 may be performed by a page monitoring manager 1035 as described with reference to FIG. 10.

[0203] At 1825, the method may include receiving, from a second network entity of the second network, a first paging message that indicates the UE is to communicate with the first network. The operations of block 1825 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1825 may be performed by a page monitoring manager 1035 as described with reference to FIG. 10.

[0204] At 1830, the method may include initiating communications with the first network responsive to the first paging message. The operations of block 1830 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1830 may be performed by a first network communications manager 1040 as described with reference to FIG. 10.

[0205] At 1835, the method may include receiving one or more downlink communications via the first network. The operations of block 1835 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1835 may be performed by a first network communications manager 1040 as described with reference to FIG. 10.

[0206] FIG. 19 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 1900 that supports techniques for user equipment paging in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1900 may be implemented by a network entity or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1900 may be performed by a network entity as described with reference to FIGs. 1 through 7 and 12 through 15. In some examples, a network entity may execute a set of instructionsto control the functional elements of the network entity to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the network entity may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.

[0207] At 1905, the method may include establishing a first communication session with a UE, where the first communication session uses a SIM at the UE, and the UE communicates with the first network contemporaneously with communications with a second network using the SIM in a dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session. The operations of block 1905 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1905 may be performed by a connection establishment manager 1425 as described with reference to FIG. 14.

[0208] At 1910, the method may include receiving a first paging indication that paging messages to the UE via the first network are restricted. The operations of block 1910 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1910 may be performed by a paging manager 1430 as described with reference to FIG. 14.

[0209] At 1915, the method may include communicating with the second network to transmit one or more paging messages to the UE via the second network. The operations of block 1915 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1915 may be performed by a second network communications manager 1435 as described with reference to FIG. 14.

[0210] FIG. 20 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 2000 that supports techniques for user equipment paging in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 2000 may be implemented by a network entity or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 2000 may be performed by a network entity as described with reference to FIGs. 1 through 7 and 12 through 15. In some examples, a network entity may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the network entity7to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the network entity may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.

[0211] At 2005, the method may include establishing a first communication session with a UE, where the first communication session uses a SIM at the UE, and the UEcommunicates with the first network contemporaneously with communications with a second network using the SIM in a dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session. The operations of block 2005 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2005 may be performed by a connection establishment manager 1425 as described with reference to FIG. 14.

[0212] At 2010, the method may include receiving an indication that data is to be transmitted to the UE. The operations of block 2010 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2010 may be performed by a data notification manager 1440 as described with reference to FIG. 14.

[0213] At 2015, the method may include transmitting a paging request to an AMF associated with the first network contemporaneously with transmission of the paging request to a SMF associated with the second network. The operations of block 2015 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2015 may be performed by a paging manager 1430 as described with reference to FIG. 14.

[0214] At 2020, the method may include receiving, from the AMF associated with the first network, a paging rejection indication. The operations of block 2020 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2020 may be performed by a paging rejection manager 1445 as described with reference to FIG. 14.

[0215] At 2025, the method may include communicating with the second network to transmit one or more paging messages to the UE via the second network. The operations of block 2025 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2025 may be performed by a second network communications manager 1435 as described with reference to FIG. 14.

[0216] FIG. 21 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 2100 that supports techniques for user equipment paging in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 2100 may be implemented by a network entity or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 2100 may be performed by a network entity as described with reference to FIGs. 1 through 7and 12 through 15. Tn some examples, a network entity may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the network entity to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the network entity may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.

[0217] At 2105, the method may include establishing a first communication session with a UE, where the first communication session uses a SIM at the UE, and the UE communicates with the first network contemporaneously with communications with a second network using the SIM in a dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session. The operations of block 2105 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2105 may be performed by a connection establishment manager 1425 as described with reference to FIG. 14.

[0218] At 2110, the method may include receiving an indication that data is to be transmitted to the UE via the second network. The operations of block 2110 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2110 may be performed by a data notification manager 1440 as described with reference to FIG. 14.

[0219] At 2115, the method may include transmitting a first paging request to a first AMF associated with the first network. The operations of block 2115 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2115 may be performed by a paging manager 1430 as described with reference to FIG. 14.

[0220] At 2120, the method may include receiving, from the AMF associated with the first network, a paging rejection indication. The operations of block 2120 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2120 may be performed by a paging rejection manager 1445 as described with reference to FIG. 14.

[0221] At 2125, the method may include transmitting, responsive to the paging rejection indication, a second paging request to a second AMF associated with the second network. The operations of block 2125 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2125 maybe performed by a second network communications manager 1435 as described with reference to FIG. 14.

[0222] At 2130, the method may include communicating with the second network to transmit one or more paging messages to the UE via the second network. The operations of block 2130 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2130 may be performed by a second network communications manager 1435 as described with reference to FIG. 14.

[0223] FIG. 22 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 2200 that supports techniques for user equipment paging in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 2200 may be implemented by a network entity or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 2200 may be performed by a network entity as described with reference to FIGs. 1 through 7 and 12 through 15. In some examples, a network entity may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the network entity to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the network entity may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.

[0224] At 2205, the method may include establishing a first communication session with a UE, where the first communication session uses a SIM at the UE, and the UE communicates with the first network contemporaneously with communications with a second network using the SIM in a dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session. The operations of block 2205 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2205 may be performed by a connection establishment manager 1425 as described with reference to FIG. 14.

[0225] At 2210, the method may include receiving, from the UE, a first paging indication that paging messages to the UE via the first network are restricted. The operations of block 2210 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2210 may be performed by a paging manager 1430 as described with reference to FIG. 14.

[0226] At 221 , the method may include communicating with a second network entity of the first network to transmit one or more paging messages to the UE via the second network. The operations of block 2215 may be performed in accordance withexamples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2215 may be performed by a paging manager 1430 as described with reference to FIG. 14.

[0227] FIG. 23 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 2300 that supports techniques for user equipment paging in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 2300 may be implemented by a network entity or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 2300 may be performed by a network entity as described with reference to FIGs. 1 through 7 and 12 through 15. In some examples, a network entity may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the network entity to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the network entity may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.

[0228] At 2305, the method may include establishing a first communication session with a UE, where the first communication session uses a SIM at the UE, and the UE communicates with the first network contemporaneously with communications with a second network using the SIM in a dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session. The operations of block 2305 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2305 may be performed by a connection establishment manager 1425 as described with reference to FIG. 14.

[0229] At 2310, the method may include receiving, from the UE, a first paging indication that paging messages to the UE via the first network are restricted. The operations of block 2310 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2310 may be performed by a paging manager 1430 as described with reference to FIG. 14.

[0230] At 2315, the method may include receiving, from the second network entity, a first paging message that indicates the UE is to be paged. The operations of block 2315 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2315 may be performed by a data notification manager 1440 as described with reference to FIG. 14.

[0231] At 2320, the method may include determining that the first paging message is restricted based on the first paging indication. The operations of block 2320 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspectsof the operations of 2320 may be performed by a paging manager 1430 as described with reference to FIG. 14.

[0232] At 2325, the method may include transmitting, to the second network entity7, a rejection indication that includes a rejection indication for the first paging message and an indication that the second network is to be used for the first paging message. The operations of block 2325 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2325 may be performed by a paging restriction manager 1450 as described with reference to FIG. 14.

[0233] FIG. 24 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 2400 that supports techniques for user equipment paging in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 2400 may be implemented by a network entity or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 2400 may be performed by a network entity as described with reference to FIGs. 1 through 7 and 12 through 15. In some examples, a network entity may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the network entity to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the network entity may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.

[0234] At 2405, the method may include establishing a first communication session with a UE, where the first communication session uses a SIM at the UE, and the UE communicates with the first network contemporaneously with communications with a second network using the SIM in a dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session. The operations of block 2405 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2405 may be performed by a connection establishment manager 1425 as described with reference to FIG. 14.

[0235] At 2410, the method may include receiving, from the UE, a first registration request or a first service request that indicates paging messages to the UE are restricted for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session. The operations of block 2410 maybe performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2410 may be performed by a paging restriction manager 1450 as described with reference to FIG. 14.

[0236] At 2415, the method may include communicating with a second network entity of the first network to transmit one or more paging messages to the UE via the second network. The operations of block 2415 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2415 may be performed by a paging manager 1430 as described with reference to FIG. 14.

[0237] The following provides an overview of aspects of the present disclosure:

[0238] Aspect 1 : A method for wireless communications at a UE, comprising: establishing a first communication session with a first network using a first subscriber identity module; establishing a second communication session with a second network using the first subscriber identity module, communications via the first communication session are contemporaneous with communications via the second communication session, and the first communication session and the second communication session are established according to a dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session; transmitting a first paging indication to a first network entity of the first network that paging messages to the UE via the first network are restricted; and monitoring for one or more paging messages via the second network.

[0239] Aspect 2: The method of aspect 1, wherein the first network is a first public land mobile network (PLMN) or a first non-public network (NPN), and the second network is a second PLMN or a second NPN.

[0240] Aspect 3: The method of any of aspects 1 through 2. wherein the transmitting the first paging indication comprises: transmitting a first registration request or a first service request to the first network entity' that indicates at least a portion of paging messages to the UE via the first network are restricted for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session.

[0241] Aspect 4: The method of aspect 3, further comprising: transmitting a second registration request or a second service request to a second network entity of the second network that does not include any paging restrictions associated with the second network or includes different paging restrictions than the first network for at least a portion of paging messages to the UE via the second network.

[0242] Aspect 5: The method of any of aspects 1 through 4, further comprising: receiving, from a second network entity of the second network, a first paging message that indicates the UE is to communicate with the first network; initiating communications with the first network responsive to the first paging message; and receiving one or more dow nlink communications via the first network.

[0243] Aspect 6: The method of any of aspects 1 through 5, wherein the transmitting the first paging indication comprises: transmitting an information element that indicates a paging restriction for dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session at the UE.

[0244] Aspect 7: The method of aspect 6, wherein the information element indicates that all paging is restricted for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session except for voice sendee, all paging is restricted for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session except for one or more specified protocol data unit sessions, or all paging is restricted except for voice service and one or more specified protocol data unit sessions.

[0245] Aspect 8: The method of aspect 6, wherein the information element is a single bit that indicates that the UE has no paging restriction for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session or that all paging is restricted for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session.

[0246] Aspect 9: The method of any of aspects 1 through 8. wherein the transmitting the first paging indication comprises: transmitting an information element that indicates a first paging restriction for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session at the UE based on extending a paging restriction for UEs with two or more subscriber identity modules.

[0247] Aspect 10: The method of aspect 9, wherein the first paging restriction for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session at the UE is indicated by a paging restriction type field in the information element, and wherein paging restrictions for the first network are mapped to bit value patterns of a set of paging restriction bits in the information element.

[0248] Aspect 11 : The method of aspect 9, wherein the first paging restriction for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session at the UE is indicated by a bit includedin the information element, wherein a first value of the bit indicates no paging restrictions are present, and a second value of the bit indicates that all dual 3GPP access protocol data unit sessions of the first network have paging restrictions at the UE.

[0249] Aspect 12: A method for wireless communications at a network entity of a first network, comprising: establishing a first communication session with a UE, wherein the first communication session uses a subscriber identity module at the UE, and the UE communicates with the first network contemporaneously with communications with a second network using the subscriber identity module in a dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session; receiving a first paging indication that paging messages to the UE via the first network are restricted; and communicating with the second network to transmit one or more paging messages to the UE via the second network.

[0250] Aspect 13: The method of aspect 12, wherein the communicating with the second network to transmit one or more paging messages to the UE comprises: receiving an indication that data is to be transmitted to the UE via the second network; and transmitting a paging request to an access and mobility function associated with the first network contemporaneously with transmission of the paging request to a session management function associated with the second network.

[0251] Aspect 14: The method of aspect 13. wherein the communicating with the second network to transmit one or more paging messages to the UE further comprises: receiving, from the access and mobility function associated with the first network, a paging rejection indication.

[0252] Aspect 15: The method of aspect 12, wherein the communicating with the second network to transmit one or more paging messages to the UE comprises: receiving an indication that data is to be transmitted to the UE via the second network; transmitting a first paging request to a first access and mobility function associated with the first network; receiving, from the access and mobility function associated with the first network, a paging rejection indication; and transmitting, responsive to the paging rejection indication, a second paging request to a second access and mobility function associated with the second network.

[0253] Aspect 16: A method for wireless communications at a first network entity of a first network, comprising: establishing a first communication session with a UE, wherein the first communication session uses a subscriber identity' module at the UE, and the UE communicates with the first network contemporaneously with communications with a second network using the subscriber identity module in a dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session; receiving, from the UE, a first paging indication that paging messages to the UE via the first network are restricted; and communicating with a second network entity of the first network to transmit one or more paging messages to the UE via the second network.

[0254] Aspect 17: The method of aspect 16, wherein the communicating with the second network entity comprises: receiving, from the second network entity, a first paging message that indicates the UE is to be paged; determining that the first paging message is restricted based at least in part on the first paging indication; and transmitting, to the second network entity, a rejection indication that includes a rejection indication for the first paging message and an indication that the second network is to be used for the first paging message.

[0255] Aspect 18: The method of any of aspects 16 through 17, wherein the receiving the first paging indication comprises: receiving, from the UE. a first registration request or a first service request that indicates paging messages to the UE are restricted for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session.

[0256] Aspect 19: The method of any of aspects 16 through 18, wherein the first paging indication includes an information element that indicates a paging restriction for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session at the UE.

[0257] Aspect 20: The method of aspect 19. wherein the information element indicates that all paging is restricted for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session except for voice service, all paging is restricted for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session except for one or more specified protocol data unit sessions, or all paging is restricted except for voice service and one or more specified protocol data unit sessions.

[0258] Aspect 21 : The method of aspect 19. wherein the information element is a single bit that indicates that the UE has no paging restriction for the dual 3GPP accessprotocol data unit session or that all paging is restricted for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session.

[0259] Aspect 22: The method of any of aspects 16 through 21, wherein the receiving the first paging indication comprises: receiving an information element that indicates a first paging restriction for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session at the UE based on a paging restriction for UEs with two or more subscriber identity modules .

[0260] Aspect 23: The method of aspect 22, wherein the first paging restriction for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session at the UE is indicated by a paging restriction type field in the information element, and wherein paging restrictions for the first network are mapped to bit value patterns of a set of paging restriction bits in the information element.

[0261] Aspect 24: The method of aspect 22, wherein the first paging restriction for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session at the UE is indicated by a bit included in the information element, wherein a first value of the bit indicates no paging restrictions are present, and a second value of the bit indicates that all protocol data unit sessions of the first network have paging restrictions at the UE.

[0262] Aspect 25: A UE for wireless communications, comprising one or more memories storing processor-executable code, and one or more processors coupled with the one or more memories and individually or collectively operable to execute the code to cause the UE to perform a method of any of aspects 1 through 11 .

[0263] Aspect 26: A UE for wireless communications, comprising at least one means for performing a method of any of aspects 1 through 11.

[0264] Aspect 27 : A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communications, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform a method of any of aspects 1 through 11.

[0265] Aspect 28: A network entity of a first network for wireless communications, comprising one or more memories storing processor-executable code, and one or more processors coupled with the one or more memories and individually or collectivelyoperable to execute the code to cause the network entity of a first network to perform a method of any of aspects 12 through 15.

[0266] Aspect 29: A network entity of a first network for wireless communications, comprising at least one means for performing a method of any of aspects 12 through 15.

[0267] Aspect 30: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communications, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform a method of any of aspects 12 through 15.

[0268] Aspect 31 : A first network entity of a first network for wireless communications, comprising one or more memories storing processor-executable code, and one or more processors coupled with the one or more memories and individually or collectively operable to execute the code to cause the first network entity of a first network to perform a method of any of aspects 16 through 24.

[0269] Aspect 32: A first network entity of a first network for wireless communications, comprising at least one means for performing a method of any of aspects 16 through 24.

[0270] Aspect 33: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communications, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform a method of any of aspects 16 through 24.

[0271] It should be noted that the methods described herein describe possible implementations, and that the operations and the steps may be rearranged or otherwise modified and that other implementations are possible. Further, aspects from two or more of the methods may be combined.

[0272] Although aspects of an LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR system may be described for purposes of example, and LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR terminology7may be used in much of the description, the techniques described herein are applicable beyond LTE. LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR networks. For example, the described techniques may be applicable to various other wireless communications systems such as Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, Flash-OFDM, as well as other systems and radio technologies not explicitly mentioned herein.

[0273] Information and signals described herein may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be referenced throughout the description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof.

[0274] The various illustrative blocks and components described in connection with the disclosure herein may be implemented or performed using a general-purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, a CPU, an FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor but, in the alternative, the processor may be any processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g.. a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration). Any functions or operations described herein as being capable of being performed by a processor may be performed by multiple processors that, individually or collectively, are capable of performing the described functions or operations.

[0275] The functions described herein may be implemented using hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented using software executed by a processor, the functions may be stored as or transmitted using one or more instructions or code of a computer-readable medium. Other examples and implementations are within the scope of the disclosure and appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, functions described herein may be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hardwiring, or combinations of any of these. Features implementing functions may also be physically located at various positions, including being distributed such that portions of functions are implemented at different physical locations.

[0276] Computer-readable media includes both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one location to another. A non-transitory storage medium maybe any available medium that may be accessed by a general -purpose or special -purpose computer. By way of example, and not limitation, non-transitory computer-readable media may include RAM, ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), flash memory, compact disk (CD) ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transitory medium that may be used to carry or store desired program code means in the form of instructions or data structures and that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer, or a general-purpose or special-purpose processor. Also, any connection is properly termed a computer-readable medium. For example, if the software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using a coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave, then the coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave are included in the definition of computer-readable medium. Disk and disc, as used herein, include CD, laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc (DVD), floppy disk and Blu-ray disc. Disks may reproduce data magnetically, and discs may reproduce data optically using lasers. Combinations of the above are also included within the scope of computer-readable media. Any functions or operations described herein as being capable of being performed by a memory may be performed by multiple memories that, individually or collectively, are capable of performing the described functions or operations.

[0277] As used herein, including in the claims, “or’" as used in a list of items (e.g., a list of items prefaced by a phrase such as “at least one of" or “one or more of’) indicates an inclusive list such that, for example, a list of at least one of A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C). Also, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall not be construed as a reference to a closed set of conditions. For example, an example step that is described as “based on condition A” may be based on both a condition A and a condition B without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall be construed in the same manner as the phrase “based at least in part on.”

[0278] As used herein, including in the claims, the article “a” before a noun is open- ended and understood to refer to “at least one” of those nouns or “one or more” of those nouns. Thus, the terms “a,” “at least one,” “one or more,” “at least one of one or more”may be interchangeable. For example, if a claim recites '‘a component” that performs one or more functions, each of the individual functions may be performed by a single component or by any combination of multiple components. Thus, the term “a component” having characteristics or performing functions may refer to "at least one of one or more components” having a particular characteristic or performing a particular function. Subsequent reference to a component introduced with the article ‘"a” using the terms “the” or “said” may refer to any or all of the one or more components. For example, a component introduced with the article “a” may be understood to mean “one or more components.” and referring to “the component” subsequently in the claims may be understood to be equivalent to referring to “at least one of the one or more components.” Similarly, subsequent reference to a component introduced as “one or more components” using the terms “the” or “said” may refer to any or all of the one or more components. For example, referring to “the one or more components” subsequently in the claims may be understood to be equivalent to referring to “at least one of the one or more components.”

[0279] The term “determine” or “determining” encompasses a variety of actions and, therefore, “determining” can include calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up (such as via looking up in a table, a database or another data structure), ascertaining and the like. Also, “determining” can include receiving (e.g., receiving information), accessing (e.g., accessing data stored in memory) and the like. Also, “determining” can include resolving, obtaining, selecting, choosing, establishing, and other such similar actions.

[0280] In the appended figures, similar components or features may have the same reference label. Further, various components of the same type may be distinguished by following the reference label by a dash and a second label that distinguishes among the similar components. If just the first reference label is used in the specification, the description is applicable to any one of the similar components having the same first reference label irrespective of the second reference label, or other subsequent reference label.

[0281] The description set forth herein, in connection with the appended drawings, describes example configurations and does not represent all the examples that may be implemented or that are within the scope of the claims. The term “example” used hereinmeans ‘'serving as an example, instance, or illustration,” and not ‘"preferred” or “advantageous over other examples.” The detailed description includes specific details for the purpose of providing an understanding of the described techniques. These techniques, however, may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form in order to avoid obscuring the concepts of the described examples.

[0282] The description herein is provided to enable a person having ordinary7skill in the art to make or use the disclosure. Various modifications to the disclosure will be apparent to a person having ordinary skill in the art. and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Thus, the disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein but is to be accorded the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

CLAIMSWhat is claimed is:1 . A user equipment (UE), comprising: one or more memories storing processor-executable code; and one or more processors coupled with the one or more memories and individually or collectively operable to execute the code to cause the UE to: establish a first communication session with a first network using a first subscriber identity module; establish a second communication session with a second network using the first subscriber identity module, communications via the first communication session are contemporaneous with communications via the second communication session, and the first communication session and the second communication session are established according to a dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session; transmit a first paging indication to a first network entity of the first network that paging messages to the UE via the first network are restricted; and monitor for one or more paging messages via the second network.

2. The UE of claim 1, wherein the first network is a first public land mobile network (PLMN) or a first non-public network (NPN), and the second network is a second PLMN or a second NPN.

3. The UE of claim 1, wherein, to transmit the first paging indication, the one or more processors are individually or collectively operable to execute the code to cause the UE to: transmit a first registration request or a first service request to the first network entity that indicates at least a portion of paging messages to the UE via the first network are restricted for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session.

4. The UE of claim 3, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the UE to: transmit a second registration request or a second service request to a second network entity of the second network that does not include any pagingrestrictions associated with the second network or includes different paging restrictions than the first network for at least a portion of paging messages to the UE via the second network.

5. The UE of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the UE to: receive, from a second network entity of the second network, a first paging message that indicates the UE is to communicate with the first network: initiate communications with the first network responsive to the first paging message; and receive one or more dow nlink communications via the first netw ork.

6. The UE of claim 1. wherein, to transmit the first paging indication, the one or more processors are individually or collectively operable to execute the code to cause the UE to: transmit an information element that indicates a paging restriction for dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session at the UE.

7. The UE of claim 6, wherein the information element indicates that all paging is restricted for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session except for voice service, all paging is restricted for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session except for one or more specified protocol data unit sessions, or all paging is restricted except for voice sen-ice and one or more specified protocol data unit sessions.

8. The UE of claim 6, wherein the information element is a single bit that indicates that the UE has no paging restriction for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session or that all paging is restricted for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session.

9. The UE of claim 1, wherein, to transmit the first paging indication, the one or more processors are individually or collectively operable to execute the code to cause the UE to: transmit an information element that indicates a first paging restriction for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session at the UE based on extending a paging restriction for UEs with two or more subscriber identity modules.

10. The UE of claim 9, wherein the first paging restriction for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session at the UE is indicated by a paging restriction type field in the information element, and wherein paging restrictions for the first network are mapped to bit value patterns of a set of paging restriction bits in the information element.

11. The UE of claim 9, wherein the first paging restriction for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session at the UE is indicated by a bit included in the information element, wherein a first value of the bit indicates no paging restrictions are present, and a second value of the bit indicates that all dual 3GPP access protocol data unit sessions of the first network have paging restrictions at the UE.

12. A network entity of a first network, comprising: one or more memories storing processor-executable code; and one or more processors coupled with the one or more memories and individually or collectively operable to execute the code to cause the network entity of a first network to: establish a first communication session with a user equipment (UE), wherein the first communication session uses a subscriber identity7module at the UE, and the UE communicates with the first network contemporaneously with communications with a second network using the subscriber identity module in a dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session; receive a first paging indication that paging messages to the UE via the first network are restricted; and communicate with the second network to transmit one or more paging messages to the UE via the second network.

13. The network entity of claim 12, wherein, to communicating with the second network to transmit one or more paging messages to the UE, the one or more processors are individually or collectively operable to execute the code to cause the network entity of a first network to: receive an indication that data is to be transmitted to the UE via the second network; andtransmit a paging request to an access and mobility function associated with the first network contemporaneously with transmission of the paging request to a session management function associated with the second netw ork.

14. The network entity of claim 13, wherein, to communicating with the second network to transmit one or more paging messages to the UE, the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the network entity of a first network to: receive, from the access and mobility- function associated with the first network, a paging rejection indication.

15. The network entity of claim 12, wherein, to communicating with the second network to transmit one or more paging messages to the UE, the one or more processors are individually or collectively operable to execute the code to cause the network entity of a first netw ork to: receive an indication that data is to be transmitted to the UE via the second network; transmit a first paging request to a first access and mobility function associated with the first network; receive, from the access and mobility function associated with the first network, a paging rejection indication; and transmit, responsive to the paging rejection indication, a second paging request to a second access and mobility function associated with the second netw ork.

16. A first network entity of a first network, comprising: one or more memories storing processor-executable code; and one or more processors coupled with the one or more memories and individually or collectively operable to execute the code to cause the first network entity of a first network to: establish a first communication session with a user equipment (UE), wherein the first communication session uses a subscriber identity module at the UE, and the UE communicates with the first netw ork contemporaneously with communications with a second netw ork using the subscriber identity module in a dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session;receive, from the UE, a first paging indication that paging messages to the UE via the first network are restricted; and communicate with a second network entity of the first network to transmit one or more paging messages to the UE via the second network.

17. The first network entity of claim 16, wherein, to communicating with the second network entity, the one or more processors are individually or collectively operable to execute the code to cause the first network entity of a first network to: receive, from the second network entity, a first paging message that indicates the UE is to be paged; determine that the first paging message is restricted based at least in part on the first paging indication; and transmit, to the second network entity, a rejection indication that includes a rejection indication for the first paging message and an indication that the second network is to be used for the first paging message.

18. The first network entity of claim 1 , wherein, to receive the first paging indication, the one or more processors are individually or collectively operable to execute the code to cause the first network entity of a first network to: receive, from the UE. a first registration request or a first service request that indicates paging messages to the UE are restricted for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session.

19. The first network entity of claim 16, wherein the first paging indication includes an information element that indicates a paging restriction for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session at the UE.

20. The first network entity of claim 19, wherein the information element indicates that all paging is restricted for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session except for voice service, all paging is restricted for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session except for one or more specified protocol data unit sessions, or all paging is restricted except for voice service and one or more specified protocol data unit sessions.21 . The first network entity of claim 19, wherein the information element is a single bit that indicates that the UE has no paging restriction for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session or that all paging is restricted for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session.

22. The first network entity of claim 16, wherein, to receive the first paging indication, the one or more processors are individually or collectively operable to execute the code to cause the first network entity of a first network to: receive an information element that indicates a first paging restriction for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session at the UE based on a paging restriction for UEs with two or more subscriber identity modules.

23. The first network entity of claim 22, wherein the first paging restriction for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session at the UE is indicated by a paging restriction type field in the information element, and wherein paging restrictions for the first network are mapped to bit value patterns of a set of paging restriction bits in the information element.

24. The first network entity7of claim 22, wherein the first paging restriction for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session at the UE is indicated by a bit included in the information element, wherein a first value of the bit indicates no paging restrictions are present, and a second value of the bit indicates that all protocol data unit sessions of the first network have paging restrictions at the UE.

25. A method for wireless communications at a user equipment (UE), comprising: establishing a first communication session with a first network using a first subscriber identity module; establishing a second communication session with a second network using the first subscriber identity7module, communications via the first communication session are contemporaneous with communications via the second communication session, and the first communication session and the second communication session are established according to a dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session;transmiting a first paging indication to a first network entity of the first network that paging messages to the UE via the first network are restricted; and monitoring for one or more paging messages via the second network.

26. The method of claim 25, wherein the transmiting the first paging indication comprises: transmiting a first registration request or a first service request to the first network entity that indicates at least a portion of paging messages to the UE via the first network are restricted for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session.

27. The method of claim 26, further comprising: transmiting a second registration request or a second service request to a second network entity of the second network that does not include any paging restrictions associated with the second network or includes different paging restrictions than the first network for at least a portion of paging messages to the UE via the second network.

28. The method of claim 25, further comprising: receiving, from a second network entity of the second network, a first paging message that indicates the UE is to communicate with the first network; initiating communications with the first network responsive to the first paging message; and receiving one or more downlink communications via the first network.

29. The method of claim 25, wherein the transmiting the first paging indication comprises: transmiting an information element that indicates a paging restriction for dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session at the UE.

30. The method of claim 25, wherein the transmiting the first paging indication comprises: transmiting an information element that indicates a first paging restriction for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session at the UE based on extending a paging restriction for UEs with two or more subscriber identity modules.

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