Terminal

Abstract

This terminal comprises: a control unit that performs simultaneous connection to a first radio access network and a second radio access network; a transmission unit that performs first uplink transmission with first transmission power to the first radio access network and performs second uplink transmission with second transmission power to the second radio access network; and a reception unit that receives priority information indicating a radio access network which is prioritized. The control unit changes an allocation ratio between the first transmission power and the second transmission power on the basis of the priority information.

Description

Terminal

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a terminal that simultaneously connects to multiple networks.

[0002] The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP (registered trademark)) has specified the 5th generation mobile communication system (5G, also known as New Radio (NR) or Next Generation (NG)), and is also working on specifications for next-generation mobile communication systems called Beyond 5G, 5G Evolution, or 6G.

[0003] The upcoming 6G wireless communication system is expected to realize ultra-high speed, large capacity communication, and ultra-multiple connections that exceed those of 5G (Non-Patent Document 1).

[0004] NTT Docomo, "Docomo 6G White Paper 5.0 Edition," [online], November 2022, [Retrieved March 15, 2024], Internet <URL: https: / / www.docomo.ne.jp / binary / pdf / corporate / technology / whitepaper_6g / DOCOMO_6G_White_PaperJP_20221116.pdf>

[0005] The 6G wireless communication system is expected to coexist with the existing 5G wireless communication system, and therefore a terminal (hereinafter also referred to as user equipment (UE)) may be simultaneously connected to a 5G radio access network (5G RAN) and a 6G radio access network (6G RAN).

[0006] Incidentally, a UE simultaneously connected to a 5G RAN and a 6G RAN has a transmission power setting for each RAN. The UE may be unable to access the RAN with the set transmission power due to, for example, its location at the edge of a cell provided by the RAN. In such a case, the UE can access either RAN by sharing the transmission power set for the two RANs. In other words, the UE can prioritize communication with either RAN. However, it is difficult for the UE to independently decide which RAN to prioritize communication with and how much transmission power to allocate, and therefore coordination with the RANs is required.

[0007] Therefore, an object of the present disclosure is to provide a terminal that can cooperate with the RAN and appropriately allocate transmission power even when the transmission power is insufficient.

[0008] One aspect of the disclosure is a terminal comprising: a control unit (control unit 270) that simultaneously connects to a first radio access network and a second radio access network; a transmission unit (radio signal transceiver unit 210) that performs a first uplink transmission to the first radio access network at a first transmission power and a second uplink transmission to the second radio access network at a second transmission power; and a reception unit (radio signal transceiver unit 210) that receives priority information indicating a prioritized radio access network, wherein the control unit changes the allocation ratio between the first transmission power and the second transmission power based on the priority information.

[0009] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an overall schematic configuration of a wireless communication system. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing frequency ranges used in the wireless communication system. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example configuration of radio frames, subframes, slots, and symbols used in the wireless communication system. FIG. 4 is a functional block diagram of a terminal. FIG. 5 is a functional block diagram of a base station. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example architecture of 5G Radio Access Technology (5G RAT) and 6G RAT. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example architecture of 5G RAT and 6G RAT. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example protocol stack of a terminal simultaneously connecting to 5G RAN and 6G RAN. FIG. 9 is a graph showing an example of maximum transmission power set in a terminal simultaneously connecting to 5G RAN and 6G RAN. FIG. 10 is a sequence diagram showing an example of notifying the RAN of the maximum transmission power set in a terminal. FIG. 11 is a sequence diagram showing an example of notifying the RAN of Power Management Maximum Power Reduction (P-MPR) applied by a terminal. FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an example of a situation in which a terminal simultaneously connecting to 5G RAN and 6G RAN is present at a cell edge. Fig. 13 is a sequence diagram showing an example in which a terminal receives priority information and transmission power allocation information from a RAN. Fig. 14 is a diagram showing examples of architectures of 4G RAT, 5G RAT, and 6G RAT. Fig. 15 is a diagram showing examples of architectures of 4G RAT, 5G RAT, and 6G RAT. Fig. 16 is a diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of a base station and a terminal. Fig. 17 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a vehicle.

[0010] Hereinafter, embodiments will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the same or similar reference numerals are used to designate the same functions or configurations, and descriptions thereof will be omitted as appropriate.

[0011] (1) Configuration of Wireless Communication System The wireless communication system 10 shown in FIG. 1 is a wireless communication system conforming to a method called 5G. On the other hand, the wireless communication system 10 may be a wireless communication system conforming to a method called Beyond 5G, 5G Evolution, or 6G. The wireless communication system 10 may be expressed as a Radio Access Technology (RAT). In this case, the wireless communication system 10 conforming to 5G may be expressed as a 5G RAT, and the wireless communication system 10 conforming to 6G may be expressed as a 6G RAT.

[0012] The wireless communication system 10 can support Massive Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (Massive MIMO), which generates more directional beams by controlling wireless signals transmitted from multiple antenna elements, Carrier Aggregation (CA), which uses multiple component carriers (CCs) as a bundle, and Dual Connectivity (DC), which enables simultaneous communication with two base stations.

[0013] 1 , the wireless communication system 10 includes a base station 100 (hereinafter also referred to as a gNodeB (gNB) 100) constituting a Radio Access Network (RAN) 20, and a terminal 200 (hereinafter also referred to as a user equipment (UE) 200) that performs wireless communication with the gNB 100. The RAN 20 is connected to a core network (CN) 30.

[0014] 6, the RAN 20 may be a 5G RAN 20A conforming to 5G, or a 6G RAN 20B conforming to 6G. Note that the gNB 100 is not limited to a base station constituting the 5G RAN 20A, but may also refer to a base station constituting the 6G RAN 20B. When distinguishing between the two, for example, the former may be expressed as a 5G RAN node, and the latter may be expressed as a 6G RAN node.

[0015] The CN 30 is composed of multiple network functions (NFs). The NFs are, for example, an Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) 300 and a Network Data Analytics Function (NWDAF) 400. The AMF 300 performs, for example, registration of the UE 200. The NWDAF 400 performs, for example, optimization of the CN 30. Furthermore, the CN 30 may be, for example, a CN (5GC) 30A conforming to 5G or a CN (6GC) 30B conforming to 6G, as shown in FIG. 6 .

[0016] The specific configuration of the wireless communication system 10, for example, the number of gNBs 100 and UEs 200, is not limited to the example shown in Fig. 1. Furthermore, the RAN 20 and the CN 30 may be simply referred to as a "network."

[0017] The gNB100 may be a base station in a Centralized-Radio Access Network (C-RAN) configuration having a distributed unit (DU) having a function for connecting to the UE200 and a central unit (CU) having a function for connecting to the network. In this case, the gNB100 may be read as a DU, a CU, or a DU and a CU. When the gNB100 is read as a DU, it may be called a gNB-DU. When the gNB100 is read as a CU, it may be called a gNB-CU. When the gNB100 is read as a DU and a CU, the DU portion may be called a gNB-DU and the CU portion may be called a gNB-CU.

[0018] The wireless communication system 10 may also support a plurality of frequency ranges (FR). That is, as shown in Fig. 2, the wireless communication system 10 may support the following FRs: FR1: 410 MHz to 7.125 GHz FR2-1: 24.25 GHz to 52.6 GHz FR2-2: 52.6 GHz to 71 GHz FR3: 7.125 GHz to 24.25 GHz

[0019] In FR1, a subcarrier spacing (SCS) of 15, 30, or 60 kHz and a bandwidth (BW) of 5 to 100 MHz may be used, while in FR2-1, an SCS of 60 or 120 kHz (or even 240 kHz) and a BW of 50 to 400 MHz may be used.

[0020] In FR2-2, to avoid an increase in phase noise, Cyclic Prefix-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (CP-OFDM) or Discrete Fourier Transform-Spread-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (DFT-S-OFDM) with a larger SCS may be applied.

[0021] FR3 is a frequency band between FR1 and FR2-1, and may be called by a different name as long as it refers to the same frequency band. Note that the BW and SCS for FR3 may be the same as those for FR1 or FR2-1, or may be different.

[0022] 3, one slot in the wireless communication system 10 is composed of 14 symbols. If this configuration is maintained, the larger (wider) the SCS, the shorter the symbol period (and slot period). Note that the SCS is not limited to the frequencies shown in FIG. 3 and may be, for example, 480 kHz, 960 kHz, or other frequencies.

[0023] Furthermore, the number of symbols constituting one slot does not necessarily have to be 14, but may be, for example, 28 or 56. Furthermore, the number of slots per subframe may differ depending on the SCS.

[0024] (2) Functional Block Configuration of Wireless Communication System (2.1) Functional Block Configuration of Terminal As shown in FIG. 4, the UE 200 includes a wireless signal transmitting / receiving unit 210, an amplifier unit 220, a modulation / demodulation unit 230, a control signal / reference signal processing unit 240, an encoding / decoding unit 250, a data transmitting / receiving unit 260, and a control unit 270.

[0025] The radio signal transceiver 210 transmits and receives radio signals to and from the gNB 100. The radio signal transceiver 210 may be configured with a transmitter that transmits radio signals to the gNB 100 and a receiver that receives radio signals from the gNB 100. The radio signals may include data or may be interpreted as data. Transmission may be interpreted as report, notification, etc. Reception may be interpreted as (configured), (instructed), (notified), etc. Note that configuration may be realized by configuration information (information element (IE)) of the radio resource control (RRC) layer, and instruction may be realized by a control element (CE) or downlink control information (DCI) of the medium access control (MAC) layer.

[0026] The radio signal transceiver 210 of the embodiment can receive first information indicating a maximum transmission power set in the UE 200 in a first radio access network (e.g., 5G RAN 20A, which is a radio access network conforming to 5G) and second information indicating a maximum transmission power set in the UE 200 in a second radio access network (e.g., 6G RAN 20B, which is a radio access network conforming to 6G). Furthermore, the radio signal transceiver 210 can transmit the first information to the 6G RAN 20B. Note that the first information (the maximum transmission power set in the UE 200 in the 5G RAN 20A) may be interpreted as corresponding to Pmax_5G in Operation Example 1 described later, and the second information (the maximum transmission power set in the UE 200 in the 6G RAN 20B) may be interpreted as corresponding to Pmax_6G in Operation Example 1 described later.

[0027] The radio signal transmitting and receiving unit 210 of the embodiment may transmit second information to the 5G RAN 20A. Furthermore, the radio signal transmitting and receiving unit 210 may transmit third information indicating the maximum transmission power determined by the control unit 270 to the 6G RAN 20B, instead of the above-described first information. Note that the third information may be interpreted as corresponding to determined Pmax in operation example 1 described later. Furthermore, the radio signal transmitting and receiving unit 210 may transmit both the first information and the third information to the 6G RAN 20B.

[0028] The radio signal transmitting and receiving unit 210 according to the embodiment may receive the above-described first information and second information for each frequency range (FR) that the radio signal transmitting and receiving unit 210 uses for uplink transmission.

[0029] The radio signal transceiver 210 of the embodiment may cancel the second uplink transmission when the sum of the transmission power of the first uplink transmission to the 5G RAN 20A and the transmission power of the second uplink transmission to the 6G RAN 20B exceeds a predetermined threshold. Note that the predetermined threshold may be interpreted as corresponding to Pmax_5GAnd6G in Operation Example 1 described later, or as a threshold set lower than Pmax_5GAnd6G.

[0030] The radio signal transceiver 210 of the embodiment can transmit data to the 5G RAN 20A and the 6G RAN 20B.

[0031] The radio signal transceiver 210 according to the embodiment may receive a target value for reducing the transmission power for data transmission for each FR from at least one of the 5G RAN 20A and the 6G RAN 20B. Note that this target value may be interpreted as corresponding to a target value of P-MPR in operation example 2 described later.

[0032] In the embodiment, the radio signal transceiver 210 may transmit to the 6G RAN 20B the value of the transmission power changed by the control unit 270 when transmitting data to the 5G RAN 20A, and may also transmit to the 5G RAN 20A the value of the transmission power changed by the control unit 270 when transmitting data to the 6G RAN 20B.

[0033] The radio signal transceiver 210 of the embodiment can perform a first uplink transmission to the 5G RAN 20A at a first transmission power and a second uplink transmission to the 6G RAN 20B at a second transmission power. Furthermore, the radio signal transceiver 210 can receive priority information indicating a prioritized RAN. This priority information may be interpreted as corresponding to "priority info" in Operation Example 3, which will be described later. The prioritized RAN may be determined through cooperation between the 5G RAN 20A and the 6G RAN 20B. As a result, this priority information may indicate the 5G RAN 20A as the prioritized RAN.

[0034] The radio signal transmitting and receiving unit 210 of the embodiment may prioritize the first uplink transmission over the second uplink transmission described above, or may further cancel the second uplink transmission.

[0035] The radio signal transceiver 210 according to the embodiment may receive allocation amount information indicating the allocation amount of the first transmission power from the 5G RAN 20 A. Note that this allocation amount information may be understood to correspond to allocation info in Operation Example 3, which will be described later.

[0036] The amplifier unit 220 is configured by a power amplifier (PA) / low noise amplifier (LNA), etc. The amplifier unit 220 amplifies the radio signal output from the radio signal transmitting / receiving unit 210. The amplifier unit 220 also amplifies the radio signal output from the modulation / demodulation unit 230.

[0037] The modem unit 230 performs data modulation / demodulation, transmission power setting, resource block allocation, etc. for each predetermined communication destination (gNB100 or another gNB100). CP-OFDM / DFT-S-OFDM may be applied to the modem unit 230. Furthermore, DFT-S-OFDM may be used not only for the uplink (UL) but also for the downlink (DL).

[0038] The control signal / reference signal processing unit 240 performs processing related to control signals transmitted and received between the gNB 100, such as radio resource control (RRC) signaling.

[0039] The control signal / reference signal processing unit 240 performs processing related to reference signals transmitted and received between the gNB 100, such as Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS), Phase Tracking Reference Signal (PTRS), Channel State Information-Reference Signal (CSI-RS), Sounding Reference Signal (SRS), and Positioning Reference Signal (PRS).

[0040] The channels include control channels and data channels. The control channels include a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH), a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), a physical random access channel (PRACH), a physical broadcast channel (PBCH), etc. The data channels include a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH), a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH), etc.

[0041] The encoding / decoding unit 250 performs division / concatenation and coding / decoding of data contained in the radio signal for each predetermined communication destination (gNB100 or another gNB100).

[0042] Specifically, the encoding / decoding unit 250 decodes the data output from the modem unit 230 and concatenates the decoded data. In addition, the encoding / decoding unit 250 divides the data output from the data transmitter / receiver 260 into pieces of a predetermined size and performs coding on the divided data.

[0043] The data transmitter / receiver 260 assembles and disassembles data units (Protocol Data Units (PDUs) / Service Data Units (SDUs)) that make up data between each layer. The multiple layers include a Medium Access Control (MAC) layer, a Radio Link Control (RLC) layer, and a Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer. The data transmitter / receiver 260 also performs data error correction and retransmission control based on Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ).

[0044] The control unit 270 controls the UE 200. The control unit 270 controls, for example, transmission and reception of radio signals by the radio signal transmission and reception unit 210, amplification by the amplifier unit 220, data modulation / demodulation by the modem unit 230, signal processing by the control signal and reference signal processing unit 240, coding / decoding by the encoding / decoding unit 250, and assembly / disassembly of data units by the data transmission and reception unit 260.

[0045] The control unit 270 according to the embodiment can simultaneously connect to the 5G RAN 20A and the 6G RAN 20B. That is, the control unit 270 can perform DC for the 5G RAN 20A and the 6G RAN 20B.

[0046] The control unit 270 according to the embodiment may determine the maximum transmit power that can be set in the 6G RAN 20B based on the first information described above, and generate third information indicating the maximum transmit power. The third information may be interpreted as corresponding to "determined Pmax" in a first operation example described below. The control unit 270 may determine the maximum transmit power indicated by the third information as the difference between the maximum total transmit power of the UE 200 in the 5G RAN 20A and the 6G RAN 20B (the upper limit of the total transmit power of the transmit power that can be set in the UE 200 in the 5G RAN and the transmit power that can be set in the 6G RAN) and the Pmax_5G described above.

[0047] When the sum of the transmission power of the first uplink transmission to the 5G RAN 20A and the transmission power of the second uplink transmission to the 6G RAN 20B exceeds a predetermined threshold, the control unit 270 of the embodiment may reduce the transmission power of the second uplink transmission to be equal to or less than this threshold. Note that the predetermined threshold is as described above.

[0048] The control unit 270 of the embodiment can change the transmission power for transmitting data for each frequency range (FR) that the radio signal transmitting / receiving unit 210 uses for data transmission.

[0049] In the embodiment, the control unit 270 may reduce the transmission power when the radio signal transmitting / receiving unit 210 uses frequency range 2 (FR2) as the FR used for data transmission, compared to when frequency range 3 (FR3) lower than FR2 is used. Furthermore, the control unit 270 may reduce the transmission power when the radio signal transmitting / receiving unit 210 uses frequency range 3 (FR3) as the FR used for data transmission, compared to when frequency range 1 (FR1) lower than FR3 is used.

[0050] The control unit 270 of the embodiment may change the transmission power individually for the 5G RAN 20A and the 6G RAN 20B. That is, the change in transmission power for the 5G RAN 20A (changed transmission power) and the change in transmission power for the 6G RAN 20B (changed transmission power) may be the same or different.

[0051] The control unit 270 of the embodiment can change the allocation ratio between the first transmission power and the second transmission power based on the priority information. For example, the allocation ratio of 50:50 may be changed to 80:20 or 100:0.

[0052] The control unit 270 of the embodiment may determine the allocation amount of the second transmission power described above based on the allocation amount information described above.

[0053] (2.2) Functional block configuration of base station As shown in Figure 5, the gNB100 includes a radio signal transceiver unit 110 and a control unit 120.

[0054] The radio signal transmitting / receiving unit 110 transmits and receives radio signals to and from the UE 200. The radio signal transmitting / receiving unit 110 may be configured with a transmitting unit that transmits radio signals to the UE 200 and a receiving unit that receives radio signals from the UE 200. The radio signals may include data or may be interpreted as data. Transmission may be interpreted as configuration, instruction, notification, etc. Reception may be interpreted as (reported), notification, etc. Note that configuration may be realized by configuration information (information element (IE)) of a radio resource control (RRC) layer, and instruction may be realized by a control element (CE) or downlink control information (DCI) of a medium access control (MAC) layer.

[0055] The control unit 120 controls the gNB 100. The control unit 120 controls, for example, the transmission and reception of radio signals by the radio signal transmission and reception unit 110.

[0056] (3) Network Architecture in Dual Connectivity A network architecture in which the UE 200 connects simultaneously, that is, in which dual connectivity (DC) is performed, will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 to 8.

[0057] 6 and 7 show 5G RAN 20A and 6G RAN 20B in which UE 200 executes DC, and CN 30 (5GC 30A and 6GC 30B) connected to each RAN. FIG. 6 shows an example in which an interface (IF) capable of communicating information such as settings for UE 200 is provided between 5G RAN 20A and 6G RAN 20B. FIG. 7 shows an example in which an IF like that in FIG. 6 is not provided between 5G RAN 20A and 6G RAN 20B, and instead 5GC 30A and 6GC 30B are connected. In the example shown in FIG. 6, CN 30 may be only one of 5GC 30A or 6GC 30B.

[0058] 8 shows an example of a protocol stack of the UE 200 that executes DC for the 5G RAN 20A and the 6G RAN 20B in FIG. 7. The UE 200 can have a protocol stack for the 5G RAN and a protocol stack for the 6G RAN separately. Such a protocol stack is called a dual stack. In addition, the UE 200 that supports the dual stack can cancel DC and communicate with, for example, only the 5G RAN 20A by transitioning from the dual stack mode to the single stack mode.

[0059] The protocol stack may comprise, for example, a physical (PHY) layer, a medium access control (MAC) layer, a radio link control (RLC) layer, a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer, a radio resource control (RRC) layer, etc. Additionally, the protocol stack may comprise a non-access stratum (NAS) that enables connectivity with a core network (CN).

[0060] When the UE 200 is equipped with a NAS as shown in Fig. 8, the UE 200 can make a registration request to at least one of the 5GC 30A and the 6GC 30B. The UE 200 may be registered with only one of the 5GC 30A and the 6GC 30B, or may be registered with both the 5GC 30A and the 6GC 30B. The latter registration may be called dual registration.

[0061] (4) Operation of Wireless Communication System (4.1) Problem The problem of the embodiment relates to a UE 200 that connects to multiple RATs simultaneously.

[0062] (4.1.1) Problem 1: The maximum transmission power of a UE is considered to be set separately for the 5G RAN and the 6G RAN. Furthermore, the total maximum transmission power of the UE in the 5G RAN and the 6G RAN (the upper limit of the total transmission power of the transmission power configurable for the UE in the 5G RAN and the transmission power configurable for the UE in the 6G RAN) is also considered to be set separately from these individual settings. However, as described above, if an IF is not provided between the 5G RAN and the 6G RAN, or if an IF is provided but cannot be used for some reason, the 5G RAN and the 6G RAN may not be able to mutually recognize the maximum transmission power of the UE set in the other RAN. In this case (e.g., when dynamic power sharing is performed between the 5G RAN and the 6G RAN), the sum of the maximum transmission powers of the UE set separately by the 5G RAN and the 6G RAN may exceed the total maximum transmission power of the UE.

[0063] (4.1.2) Issue 2: UEs connecting to 5G RAN and 6G RAN simultaneously are expected to use frequency ranges with different characteristics compared to those connecting to 4G RAN and 5G RAN. For example, 6G RAN uses a much higher frequency range than 4G RAN, and is expected to use a frequency range called FR3, which has not been used before. In light of these circumstances, it has been difficult to apply the Power Management Maximum Power Reduction (P-MPR) mechanism, which reduces transmission power to reduce the impact of harmonics and other factors on the human body, as it stands.

[0064] (4.1.3) Issue 3: A UE that simultaneously connects to a 5G RAN and a 6G RAN has its transmission power set for each RAN. The UE may not be able to access the RAN with the set transmission power, for example, due to its location at the edge of the cell provided by the RAN. In such a case, the UE can access either RAN by sharing the transmission power set for the two RANs. In other words, the UE can prioritize communication with either RAN. However, it is difficult for the UE to decide alone which RAN to prioritize and how much transmission power to allocate, and therefore coordination with the RANs is required.

[0065] (4.2) Operational Examples Specific operational examples will be described below. In this specification, 5G RAN20A may be read as gNB100A constituting 5G RAN20A, and 6G RAN20B may be read as gNB100B constituting 6G RAN20B. Conversely, gNB100A may be read as 5G RAN20A, and gNB100B may be read as 6G RAN20B.

[0066] (4.2.1) Operation Example 1 Operation example 1 will be described with reference to Fig. 9 and Fig. 10. Operation example 1 is intended to eliminate the possibility that the sum of the maximum transmission powers of UE 200 individually set by 5G RAN 20A and 6G RAN 20B exceeds the maximum total transmission power that can be set for UE 200 in 5G RAN 20A and 6G RAN 20B.

[0067] 9 is a graph showing an example of the maximum transmit power Pmax_5G that 5G RAN 20A sets to UE 200, the maximum transmit power Pmax_6G that 6G RAN 20B sets to UE 200, and the maximum total transmit power Pmax_5GAnd6G that can be set to UE 200 in 5G RAN 20A and 6G RAN 20B. The maximum total transmit power Pmax_5GAnd6G may be interpreted as an upper limit of the total transmit power that can be set to UE 200 in the 5G RAN and the transmit power that can be set to UE 200 in the 6G RAN. As can be seen from FIG. 9 , the sum of Pmax_5G and Pmax_6G that are set individually may exceed Pmax_5GAnd6G.

[0068] It should be noted that the maximum total transmission power Pmax_5G and Pmax_6G depends on, for example, the UE power class of the UE 200. In addition, although Pmax_5G and Pmax_6G have the same value in Fig. 9, this is not limiting.

[0069] 10 , the UE 200 in the first operation example may report Pmax_5G set by the 5G RAN 20A to the 6G RAN 20B. Also, the UE 200 may report Pmax_6G set by the 6G RAN 20B to the 5G RAN 20A.

[0070] 10 is that the 5G RAN 20A and the 6G RAN 20B individually set Pmax_5G and Pmax_6G, and then the UE 200 transmits the set Pmax_5G (or Pmax_6G) to the 6G RAN 20B (or Pmax_5G), but is not limited thereto. For example, the 6G RAN 20B may receive a report of Pmax_5G from the UE 200, and then determine a value of Pmax_6G based on the reported Pmax_5G, and set the value to the UE 200.

[0071] UE200 in operation example 1 may determine the maximum transmit power that it can set based on Pmax_5G set by 5G RAN20A. In this case, it may report the determined maximum transmit power (determined Pmax in the figure) to 6G RAN20B. The determined maximum transmit power may be, for example, the difference between Pmax_5GAnd6G and Pmax_5G, or the difference between Pmax_5GAnd6G and Pmax_5G and a predetermined value. Note that UE200 in operation example 1 may determine the maximum transmit power that it can set based on Pmax_6G set by 6G RAN20B, and report the determined maximum transmit power to 5G RAN20A.

[0072] Furthermore, the maximum transmission power Pmax set in the UE 200 may not only be set separately for the 5G RAN 20A and the 6G RAN 20B as described above, but may also be set separately for each frequency range (FR) used by the UE 200. Specifically, the maximum transmission power Pmax may be any of the following: Note that the notation Pmax in this specification may be replaced with P_max, and conversely, the notation P_max may be replaced with Pmax.

[0073] ・P_max_5G (indicates the maximum total transmit power to be used by the UE in the 5G cell group) ・P_max_6G (indicates the maximum total transmit power to be used by the UE in the 6G cell group) ・P_max_UE_FR1 (indicates the maximum total transmit power to be used by the UE across all serving cells in frequency range 1 (FR1) across all cell groups) ・P_max_UE_5G_FR1 (indicates the maximum total transmit power to be used by the UE in the 5G cell group across all serving cells in frequency range 1 (FR1)) ・P_max_UE_6G_FR1 (indicates the maximum total transmit power to be used by the UE in the 6G cell group across all serving cells in frequency range 1 (FR1)) ・P_max_UE_FR2 (indicates the maximum total transmit power to be used by the UE across all serving cells in frequency range 2 (FR2) across all cell groups) ・P_max_UE_5G_FR2 (indicates the maximum total transmit power to be used by the UE in the 5G cell group across all serving cells in frequency range 2 (FR2)) ・P_max_UE_6G_FR2(indicates the maximum total transmit power to be used by the UE in the 6G cell group across all serving cells in frequency range 2 (FR2)) ・P_max_UE_FR3 (indicates the maximum total transmit power to be used by the UE across all serving cells in frequency range 3 (FR3) across all cell groups) ・P_max_UE_5G_FR3 (indicates the maximum total transmit power to be used by the UE in the 5G cell group across all serving cells in frequency range 3 (FR3)) ・P_max_UE_6G_FR3 (indicates the maximum total transmit power to be used by the UE in the 6G cell group across all serving cells in frequency range 3 (FR3))

[0074] The UE 200 in the first operation example may cancel uplink transmission to the 6G RAN 20B when the sum of the transmission power of uplink transmission to the 5G RAN 20A and the transmission power of uplink transmission to the 6G RAN 20B exceeds a predetermined threshold. Note that the uplink transmission may be a PUSCH or a PUCCH.

[0075] The UE 200 in the first operation example may reduce the transmission power of the uplink transmission to the 6G RAN 20B when the sum of the transmission power of the uplink transmission to the 5G RAN 20A and the transmission power of the uplink transmission to the 6G RAN 20B exceeds a predetermined threshold. Furthermore, the UE 200 may report to the 5G RAN 20A and / or the 6G RAN 20B how much the transmission power has been reduced. Note that the uplink transmission may be a PUSCH or a PUCCH.

[0076] The above-mentioned thresholds may include a first threshold for the transmission power of uplink transmission to the 5G RAN 20A and a second threshold for the transmission power of uplink transmission to the 6G RAN 20B. In this case, even if the sum of the transmission power of uplink transmission to the 5G RAN 20A and the transmission power of uplink transmission to the 6G RAN 20B does not exceed a predetermined threshold, if the transmission power of uplink transmission to the 5G RAN 20A exceeds the first threshold or if the transmission power of uplink transmission to the 6G RAN 20B exceeds the second threshold, the uplink transmission to the 6G RAN 20B may be canceled or the transmission power of uplink transmission to the 6G RAN 20B may be reduced.

[0077] As described above, the UE 200 in the first operation example can transmit the maximum transmission power Pmax_5G set by the 5G RAN 20A to the other 6G RAN 20B. This allows the 6G RAN 20B to recognize the maximum transmission power Pmax_5G set by the UE in the 5G RAN 20A and to reset the maximum transmission power Pmax_6G set by the 6G RAN 20B itself, or to set Pmax_6G based on Pmax_5G. Therefore, there is no risk that the sum of Pmax_5G and Pmax_6G will exceed the maximum total transmission power Pmax_5GAnd6G of the UE 200 that can be set in the 5G RAN 20A and the 6G RAN 20B.

[0078] (4.2.2) Operation Example 2 Operation example 2 will be described with reference to FIG. 11 . In operation example 2, the UE 200 changes the transmission power for each frequency range (FR) used for data transmission. Note that "changing the transmission power" when using a certain FR (e.g., FR2) may be interpreted as "reducing the transmission power" compared to the transmission power when using another FR (e.g., FR3). Note that FR2 in this specification may be interpreted as a frequency range including the above-mentioned FR2-1 and FR2-2.

[0079] The UE 200 in the second operation example may reduce the transmission power stepwise for each FR used for data transmission. For example, the UE 200 may reduce the transmission power of FR2, which is a relatively high frequency range, by a large amount, reduce the transmission power of FR3, which is the next highest frequency range, by a medium amount, and reduce the transmission power of FR1, which is a relatively low frequency range, by a small amount.

[0080] 11 , the UE 200 may receive a target value of P-MPR from each of the 5G RAN 20A and the 6G RAN 20B. Note that the target value of P-MPR may be a predetermined value to which the transmission power is to be reduced, or may be a value indicating how much the transmission power is to be reduced (amount of reduction in transmission power).

[0081] Furthermore, the target value of P-MPR may be set for each FR (FR1 / FR2 / FR3). Correspondingly, UE 200 may reduce the UL transmission power for each FR (FR1 / FR2 / FR3). Furthermore, the target value of P-MPR may be set for each cell or each RAT (RAN). Correspondingly, UE 200 may reduce the UL transmission power for each cell or each RAT (RAN).

[0082] As shown in Fig. 11 , UE200 may report to each RAT (RAN) how much the UL transmission power has been reduced relative to the target value of P-MPR. For example, UE200 may report the actual P-MPR value (power backoff value) in a Power Headroom Report (PHR). Also, as shown in Fig. 11 , UE200 may report the PHR reported to 5G RAN20 (or 6G RAN20B) to 6G RAN20B (or 5G RAN20).

[0083] Regarding FR1, since it is difficult for UE200 to report how much the UL transmission power has been reduced, UE200 may report to 5G RAN20 (or 6G RAN20B) only that the UL transmission power has been reduced.

[0084] On the other hand, the RATs (RANs) may notify each other of how much the UL transmission power has been reduced in each RAT (RAN). Specifically, a coordination node connecting the RATs (RANs) may be provided, and inter-node messages may be transmitted and received between the 5G RAN node and the 6G RAN node via this coordination node. Furthermore, the coordination node may be provided in Operations, Administration and Maintenance (OAM) (not shown) or in the CN 30.

[0085] For example, since FR1 and FR2 may be used in both 5G RAN20 and 6G RAN20B, when these FRs are used, the target value of P-MPR set by 5G RAN20 may differ from the target value of P-MPR set by 6G RAN20B. Therefore, by using the above-mentioned coordination node, it is possible to adjust in advance so that the same target value of P-MPR is set between 5G RAN20 and 6G RAN20B. Note that the target value of P-MPR in this case may be determined by 5G RAN20 and notified to 6G RAN20B, or may be determined by 6G RAN20B and notified to 5G RAN20.

[0086] Note that when the same FR is used, if the target P-MPR value set by the 5G RAN 20 and the target P-MPR value set by the 6G RAN 20B are different, the UE 200 may take one of the following options: Follow the target P-MPR value set by the 5G RAN 20. Follow the target P-MPR value set by the RAT (RAN) or cell with good communication quality. Regardless of the target P-MPR value that is set, the UE 200 may reduce the UL transmission power that is greater (for example, because the UE 200 is located at the cell edge or performing CA).

[0087] As described above, the UE 200 of the second operation example can realize transmission power control that can reliably avoid any effects on the human body even when connected to the 5G RAN 20A and the 6G RAN 20B simultaneously.

[0088] (4.2.3) Operation Example 3 Operation Example 3 will be described with reference to Fig. 12 and Fig. 13. In Operation Example 3, when the transmission power of UE 200 is insufficient, for example, when UE 200 is located at the cell edge, the UE 200 cooperates with the RAN to determine which RAN should prioritize communication with the UE 200 and how much transmission power should be allocated.

[0089] As shown in Fig. 12, UE 200 in operation example 3 is located at the edge of a cell formed by gNB 100A (5G RAN node) constituting 5G RAN 20A, and is also located at the edge of a cell formed by gNB 100B (6G RAN node) constituting 6G RAN 20B. In such a case, UE 200 in operation example 3 can determine which RAN to prioritize for communication with in allocating UL transmission power (hereinafter also referred to as priority). Note that priority may also be referred to as primary path.

[0090] As shown in Fig. 13 , first, coordination is performed between the 5G RAN 20A and the 6G RAN 20B to determine which RAN to prioritize, that is, the above-mentioned priority. Note that coordination may be performed via the coordination node described in Operation Example 2. Therefore, the priority may be set to the 5G RAN 20A and the 6G RAN 20B from (a coordination node provided in) the OAM or the CN 30 (not shown). Next, the 5G RAN 20A (or the 6G RAN 20B) sets the determined priority to the UE 200 (priority info in the figure).

[0091] The priority may be, for example, that 5G RAN 20A is prioritized because 5G RAN 20A has wider coverage. According to this priority, UE 200 may allocate more transmit power to UL transmission to 5G RAN 20A than to UL transmission to 6G RAN 20B. Furthermore, UE 200 may prioritize UL transmission to 5G RAN 20A over UL transmission to 6G RAN 20B.

[0092] Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 13 , the 5G RAN 20A (or the 6G RAN 20B) may configure not only the above-described priority but also a specific UL transmission power allocation ratio (or an amount of UL transmission power allocated to each RAT (RAN)) for the UE 200 (allocation info in the figure). The amount of UL transmission power allocated may be interpreted as, for example, the maximum transmission power Pmax of the UE 200 described in the first operation example. Pmax may be determined by a prioritized RAT (RAN). For example, when the 5G RAN 20A is prioritized, the 5G RAN 20A may determine Pmax and notify the 6G RAN 20B of the remaining configurable transmission power of the maximum transmission power that the UE 200 can set. This notification may be performed via the above-described coordination node or, as in the first operation example, via the UE 200.

[0093] In addition, when UE200 in operation example 3 experiences a shortage of transmission power (reaching the limitation of the maximum transmission power of UE200) due to being located at the edge of a cell or other reasons, UL transmission to a non-prioritized RAT (RAN) may be canceled or temporarily disabled.

[0094] As described above, the UE 200 in the third operation example can appropriately allocate transmission power even when the transmission power is insufficient by coordinating with the 5G RAN 20A and the 6G RAN 20B.

[0095] (5) Other Embodiments The contents of the present invention have been described above in accordance with the embodiments, but it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to these descriptions and that various modifications and improvements are possible.

[0096] In the above-described embodiment, the first radio access network is the 5G RAN 20A and the second radio access network is the 6G RAN 20B, but the first radio access network may be the 6G RAN 20B and the second radio access network may be the 5G RAN 20A. That is, the above-described embodiment may be applied by replacing 5G RAN 20A and 6G RAN 20B with each other.

[0097] The network architecture of the above-described embodiment may include a 4G RAN 20C and a 4GC 30C, as shown in Figures 14 and 15. In this case, the UE 200 may be connected to any two RANs simultaneously, or may be connected to three RANs simultaneously. Note that in the case of Figure 14, as in the case of Figure 6, only one CN 30 is required. Alternatively, in the case of Figure 14, any two CNs 30 may be required.

[0098] The above-described operation examples may be combined and applied in a composite manner, as long as no contradiction occurs.

[0099] The block diagrams used to explain the above embodiments show functional blocks. These functional blocks (components) are realized by any combination of hardware and / or software. Furthermore, the method for realizing each functional block is not particularly limited. That is, each functional block may be realized using a single device that is physically or logically coupled, or may be realized using two or more physically or logically separated devices that are directly or indirectly connected (e.g., wired, wireless, etc.) and these multiple devices. The functional block may also be realized by combining software with the single device or multiple devices.

[0100] Functions include, but are not limited to, judgment, determination, judgment, calculation, computation, processing, derivation, investigation, search, confirmation, reception, transmission, output, access, resolution, selection, selection, establishment, comparison, assumption, expectation, consideration, broadcasting, notifying, communicating, forwarding, configuring, reconfiguring, allocating, mapping, and assignment. For example, a functional block (component) that performs transmission is called a transmitting unit or transmitter. As mentioned above, there are no particular limitations on how these functions are implemented.

[0101] For example, the base station 100, the terminal 200, etc. according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may function as a computer that performs processing of the wireless communication method of the present disclosure. Fig. 16 is a diagram illustrating an example of the hardware configuration of the base station 100 and the terminal 200 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The base station 100 and the terminal 200 described above may be physically configured as a computer device including a processor 1001, a memory 1002, a storage 1003, a communication device 1004, an input device 1005, an output device 1006, a bus 1007, etc.

[0102] In the following description, the term "apparatus" can be interpreted as a circuit, a device, a unit, etc. The hardware configuration of base station 100 and terminal 200 may be configured to include one or more of the apparatuses shown in the drawings, or may be configured to exclude some of the apparatuses.

[0103] Each function in the base station 100 and the terminal 200 is realized by loading predetermined software (programs) onto hardware such as the processor 1001 and the memory 1002, causing the processor 1001 to perform calculations, control communication by the communication device 1004, and control at least one of reading and writing data in the memory 1002 and the storage 1003.

[0104] The processor 1001 controls the entire computer by running, for example, an operating system, and may be configured as a central processing unit (CPU) including an interface with peripheral devices, a control unit, an arithmetic unit, a register, etc.

[0105] The processor 1001 also reads programs (program codes), software modules, data, etc. from at least one of the storage 1003 and the communication device 1004 into the memory 1002 and executes various processes in accordance with these. The programs used are those that cause a computer to execute at least some of the operations described in the above-described embodiments. While the above-described various processes have been described as being executed by one processor 1001, they may be executed simultaneously or sequentially by two or more processors 1001. The processor 1001 may be implemented by one or more chips. The programs may be transmitted from a network via a telecommunications line.

[0106] The memory 1002 is a computer-readable recording medium and may be configured by, for example, at least one of a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable ROM (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), a random access memory (RAM), etc. The memory 1002 may also be called a register, a cache, a main memory (primary storage device), etc. The memory 1002 can store executable programs (program codes), software modules, etc. for implementing a wireless communication method according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0107] Storage 1003 is a computer-readable recording medium and may be, for example, at least one of an optical disk such as a Compact Disc ROM (CD-ROM), a hard disk drive, a flexible disk, a magneto-optical disk (e.g., a compact disk, a digital versatile disk, a Blu-ray disc), a smart card, a flash memory (e.g., a card, a stick, a key drive), a floppy disk, a magnetic strip, etc. Storage 1003 may also be referred to as an auxiliary storage device. The above-mentioned storage medium may be, for example, a database, a server, or other suitable medium including at least one of memory 1002 and storage 1003.

[0108] The communication device 1004 is hardware (transmission / reception device) for communicating between computers via at least one of a wired network and a wireless network, and is also referred to as, for example, a network device, a network controller, a network card, a communication module, etc. The communication device 1004 may be configured to include a high-frequency switch, a duplexer, a filter, a frequency synthesizer, etc. to realize, for example, at least one of Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) and Time Division Duplex (TDD).

[0109] The input device 1005 is an input device (e.g., a keyboard, a mouse, a microphone, a switch, a button, a sensor, etc.) that receives input from the outside. The output device 1006 is an output device (e.g., a display, a speaker, an LED lamp, etc.) that outputs to the outside. Note that the input device 1005 and the output device 1006 may be integrated into one device (e.g., a touch panel).

[0110] Furthermore, each device, such as the processor 1001 and the memory 1002, is connected by a bus 1007 for communicating information. The bus 1007 may be configured using a single bus, or may be configured using different buses between each device.

[0111] Furthermore, base station 100 and terminal 200 may be configured to include hardware such as a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), or a field programmable gate array (FPGA), and some or all of the functional blocks may be realized by the hardware. For example, processor 1001 may be implemented using at least one of these pieces of hardware.

[0112] The notification of information is not limited to the aspects / embodiments described in the present disclosure and may be performed using other methods. For example, the notification of information may be performed by physical layer signaling (e.g., Downlink Control Information (DCI), Uplink Control Information (UCI)), higher layer signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling), broadcast information (Master Information Block (MIB), System Information Block (SIB)), other signals, or a combination thereof. Furthermore, the RRC signaling may be referred to as an RRC message, and may be, for example, an RRC Connection Setup message, an RRC Connection Reconfiguration message, or the like.

[0113] Each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure may apply to at least one of a system using Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, a 4th generation mobile communication system (4G), a 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), a 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), an xth generation mobile communication system (xG) (where x is, for example, an integer or a decimal), Future Radio Access (FRA), New Radio (NR), New radio access (NX), Future generation radio access (FX), W-CDMA (registered trademark), GSM (registered trademark), CDMA2000, Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.20, Ultra-WideBand (UWB), Bluetooth (registered trademark), or any other suitable system, and next generation systems extended, modified, created, or defined based on these. In addition, multiple systems may be applied in combination (for example, a combination of at least one of LTE and LTE-A with 5G).

[0114] The order of the procedures, sequences, flowcharts, etc. of each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure may be changed unless it is consistent. For example, the methods described in this disclosure present elements of various steps using an example order, and are not limited to the particular order presented.

[0115] In the present disclosure, a specific operation described as being performed by a base station may be performed by its upper node in some cases. In a network consisting of one or more network nodes having a base station, it is clear that various operations performed for communication with a terminal may be performed by at least one of the base station and another network node other than the base station (for example, an MME or an S-GW, etc., but are not limited to these). Although the above example illustrates a case where there is one other network node other than the base station, a combination of multiple other network nodes (for example, an MME and an S-GW) may also be used.

[0116] Information, signals (information, etc.) may be output from a higher layer (or a lower layer) to a lower layer (or a higher layer), or may be input / output via multiple network nodes.

[0117] Input and output information may be stored in a specific location (for example, memory) or may be managed using a management table. Input and output information may be overwritten, updated, or added to. Output information may be deleted. Input information may be transmitted to another device.

[0118] The determination may be made based on a value represented by one bit (0 or 1), a Boolean value (true or false), or a numerical comparison (e.g., comparison with a predetermined value).

[0119] The aspects / embodiments described in this disclosure may be used alone, in combination, or switched depending on the implementation. Notification of predetermined information (e.g., notification that "X is true") is not limited to explicit notification, but may be implicit (e.g., not notifying the predetermined information).

[0120] Software shall be construed broadly to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, threads of execution, procedures, functions, etc., whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or otherwise.

[0121] Software, instructions, information, etc. may also be transmitted or received over a transmission medium. For example, if software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using wired technologies (such as coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)), and / or wireless technologies (such as infrared, microwave), then these wired and / or wireless technologies are included within the definition of transmission media.

[0122] The information, signals, etc. described in this disclosure may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, chips, etc. that may be referred to throughout the above description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, optical fields or photons, or any combination thereof.

[0123] Note that terms described in this disclosure and terms necessary for understanding this disclosure may be replaced with terms having the same or similar meanings. For example, at least one of a channel and a symbol may be a signal (signaling). Furthermore, a signal may be a message. Furthermore, a component carrier (CC) may be called a carrier frequency, a cell, a frequency carrier, etc.

[0124] As used in this disclosure, the terms "system" and "network" are used interchangeably.

[0125] Furthermore, the information, parameters, etc. described in the present disclosure may be expressed using absolute values, may be expressed using relative values ​​from a predetermined value, or may be expressed using other corresponding information. For example, a radio resource may be indicated by an index.

[0126] The names used for the above-described parameters are not intended to be limiting in any way. Furthermore, the mathematical expressions using these parameters may differ from those explicitly disclosed in this disclosure. The various channels (e.g., PUCCH, PDCCH, etc.) and information elements may be identified by any suitable names, and therefore the various names assigned to these various channels and information elements are not intended to be limiting in any way.

[0127] In this disclosure, terms such as "base station (BS)," "radio base station," "fixed station," "NodeB," "eNodeB (eNB)," "gNodeB (gNB)," "access point," "transmission point," "reception point," "transmission / reception point," "cell," "sector," "cell group," "carrier," and "component carrier" may be used interchangeably. Base stations may also be referred to by terms such as macrocell, small cell, femtocell, and picocell.

[0128] A base station can accommodate one or more (e.g., three) cells (also called sectors). When a base station accommodates multiple cells, the overall coverage area of ​​the base station can be divided into multiple smaller areas, and each smaller area can be provided with communication services by a base station subsystem (e.g., a small indoor base station (Remote Radio Head, RRH)). The term "cell" or "sector" refers to a part or the entire coverage area of ​​a base station and / or a base station subsystem that provides communication services within this coverage.

[0129] In the present disclosure, the base station transmitting information to a terminal may be interpreted as the base station instructing the terminal to control or operate based on the information.

[0130] In this disclosure, terms such as "terminal," "user terminal," "Mobile Station (MS)," and "User Equipment (UE)" may be used interchangeably.

[0131] A mobile station may also be referred to by those skilled in the art as a subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, wireless unit, remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, wireless terminal, remote terminal, handset, user agent, mobile client, client, or some other suitable terminology.

[0132] At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be referred to as a transmitting device, a receiving device, a communication device, etc. At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be a device mounted on a mobile object, the mobile object itself, etc. The mobile object refers to a movable object, and may move at any speed. Naturally, this also includes cases where the mobile object is stationary. Examples of the mobile object include, but are not limited to, vehicles, transport vehicles, automobiles, motorcycles, bicycles, connected cars, excavators, bulldozers, wheel loaders, dump trucks, forklifts, trains, buses, handcars, rickshaws, ships and other watercraft, airplanes, rockets, satellites, drones (registered trademark), multicopters, quadcopters, balloons, and objects mounted thereon. The mobile object may also be an autonomous mobile object operating based on an operational command. It may be a vehicle (e.g., a car, an airplane, etc.), an unmanned mobile object (e.g., a drone, an autonomous vehicle, etc.), or a robot (manned or unmanned). At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be a device that does not necessarily move during communication operations. For example, at least one of the base station and the mobile station may be an Internet of Things (IoT) device such as a sensor.

[0133] Furthermore, the base station in the present disclosure may be read as a terminal. For example, the aspects / embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied to a configuration in which communication between a base station and a terminal is replaced with communication between multiple terminals (which may be called, for example, Device-to-Device (D2D) or Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X)). In this case, the terminal 200 may be configured to have the functions of the base station 100 described above. Furthermore, terms such as "uplink" and "downlink" may be read as terms corresponding to communication between terminals (for example, "side"). For example, terms such as an uplink channel and a downlink channel may be read as a side channel.

[0134] Similarly, the term "terminal" in the present disclosure may be read as "base station." In this case, the base station 100 may be configured to have the functions of the terminal 200 described above.

[0135] 17 shows an example of the configuration of a vehicle 2001. As shown in Fig. 17, the vehicle 2001 includes a drive unit 2002, a steering unit 2003, an accelerator pedal 2004, a brake pedal 2005, a shift lever 2006, left and right front wheels 2007, left and right rear wheels 2008, an axle 2009, an electronic control unit 2010, various sensors 2021 to 2029, an information service unit 2012, and a communication module 2013.

[0136] The drive unit 2002 is composed of, for example, an engine, a motor, or a hybrid of an engine and a motor.

[0137] The steering unit 2003 includes at least a steering wheel (also called a handle) and is configured to steer at least one of the front wheels and the rear wheels based on the operation of the steering wheel operated by the user.

[0138] The electronic control unit 2010 is composed of a microprocessor 2031, a memory (ROM, RAM) 2032, and a communication port (IO port) 2033. Signals are input to the electronic control unit 2010 from various sensors 2021 to 2027 provided in the vehicle. The electronic control unit 2010 may also be called an Electronic Control Unit (ECU).

[0139] The signals from the various sensors 2021 to 2029 include a current signal from a current sensor 2021 that senses the current of the motor, a rotation speed signal of the front and rear wheels obtained by a rotation speed sensor 2022, an air pressure signal of the front and rear wheels obtained by an air pressure sensor 2023, a vehicle speed signal obtained by a vehicle speed sensor 2024, an acceleration signal obtained by an acceleration sensor 2025, an accelerator pedal depression amount signal obtained by an accelerator pedal sensor 2029, a brake pedal depression amount signal obtained by a brake pedal sensor 2026, a shift lever operation signal obtained by a shift lever sensor 2027, and a detection signal for detecting obstacles, vehicles, pedestrians, etc. obtained by an object detection sensor 2028.

[0140] The information service unit 2012 is composed of various devices, such as a car navigation system, an audio system, speakers, a television, and a radio, for providing (outputting) various types of information, such as driving information, traffic information, and entertainment information, and one or more ECUs for controlling these devices. The information service unit 2012 uses information acquired from external devices via the communication module 2013, etc., to provide various types of multimedia information and multimedia services to the occupants of the vehicle 2001.

[0141] The information service unit 2012 may include input devices (e.g., keyboards, mice, microphones, switches, buttons, sensors, touch panels, etc.) that accept input from the outside, and may also include output devices (e.g., displays, speakers, LED lamps, touch panels, etc.) that output to the outside.

[0142] The driving assistance system unit 2030 is composed of various devices that provide functions for preventing accidents and reducing the driver's driving burden, such as millimeter-wave radar, Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR), cameras, positioning locators (e.g., GNSS, etc.), map information (e.g., high-definition (HD) maps, autonomous vehicle (AV) maps, etc.), gyro systems (e.g., inertial measurement units (IMUs), inertial navigation systems (INSs), etc.), artificial intelligence (AI) chips, and AI processors, as well as one or more ECUs that control these devices. The driving assistance system unit 2030 also transmits and receives various information via the communication module 2013 to realize driving assistance functions or autonomous driving functions.

[0143] The communication module 2013 can communicate with the microprocessor 2031 and components of the vehicle 2001 via the communication port. For example, the communication module 2013 transmits and receives data via the communication port 2033 to and from the drive unit 2002, steering unit 2003, accelerator pedal 2004, brake pedal 2005, shift lever 2006, left and right front wheels 2007, left and right rear wheels 2008, axle 2009, microprocessor 2031 and memory (ROM, RAM) 2032 in the electronic control unit 2010, and sensors 2021 to 2029, which are provided in the vehicle 2001.

[0144] The communication module 2013 is a communication device that can be controlled by the microprocessor 2031 of the electronic control unit 2010 and can communicate with an external device. For example, it transmits and receives various information to and from the external device via wireless communication. The communication module 2013 may be located either inside or outside the electronic control unit 2010. The external device may be, for example, a base station, a mobile station, or the like.

[0145] The communication module 2013 may transmit at least one of signals from the above-mentioned various sensors 2021 to 2029 input to the electronic control unit 2010, information obtained based on the signals, and information based on input from the outside (user) obtained via the information service unit 2012 to an external device via wireless communication. The electronic control unit 2010, the various sensors 2021 to 2029, the information service unit 2012, etc. may be referred to as input units that accept input. For example, the PUSCH transmitted by the communication module 2013 may include information based on the above-mentioned input.

[0146] The communication module 2013 receives various information (traffic information, traffic signal information, vehicle distance information, etc.) transmitted from external devices and displays it on the information service unit 2012 provided in the vehicle. The information service unit 2012 may also be called an output unit that outputs information (for example, outputs information to a device such as a display or speaker based on the PDSCH received by the communication module 2013 (or data / information decoded from the PDSCH)).

[0147] Furthermore, the communication module 2013 stores various information received from external devices in a memory 2032 that can be used by the microprocessor 2031. Based on the information stored in the memory 2032, the microprocessor 2031 may control the drive unit 2002, steering unit 2003, accelerator pedal 2004, brake pedal 2005, shift lever 2006, left and right front wheels 2007, left and right rear wheels 2008, axle 2009, sensors 2021 to 2029, and the like provided in the vehicle 2001.

[0148] As used in this disclosure, the terms "determining" and "determining" may encompass a wide variety of actions. "Determining" and "determining" may include, for example, judging, calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up, searching, inquiring (e.g., searching a table, database, or other data structure), and ascertaining, all of which are considered to be "judging" and "determining." "Determining" and "determining" may also include receiving (e.g., receiving information), transmitting (e.g., sending information), input, output, and accessing (e.g., accessing data in memory), all of which are considered to be "judging" and "determining." "Determining" and "determining" may also include resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, comparing, and other actions, all of which are considered to be "judging" and "determining." In other words, "judgment" and "decision" can include regarding some action as having been "judged" or "decided." Also, "judgment (decision)" can be interpreted as "assuming," "expecting," "considering," etc.

[0149] The terms "connected," "coupled," or any variation thereof, refer to any direct or indirect connection or coupling between two or more elements, and may include the presence of one or more intermediate elements between two elements that are "connected" or "coupled" to each other. The coupling or connection between elements may be physical, logical, or a combination thereof. For example, "connected" may be read as "access." As used in this disclosure, two elements may be considered to be "connected" or "coupled" to each other using one or more wires, cables, and / or printed electrical connections, as well as electromagnetic energy having wavelengths in the radio frequency range, microwave range, and optical (both visible and invisible) range, as some non-limiting and non-exhaustive examples.

[0150] The reference signal may also be abbreviated as RS, and may be called a pilot depending on the applicable standard.

[0151] As used in this disclosure, the phrase "based on" does not mean "based only on," unless expressly stated otherwise. In other words, the phrase "based on" means both "based only on" and "based at least on."

[0152] As used in this disclosure, any reference to an element using a designation such as "first," "second," etc. does not generally limit the quantity or order of those elements. These designations may be used in this disclosure as a convenient method of distinguishing between two or more elements. Thus, a reference to a first and a second element does not imply that only two elements may be employed or that the first element must in some way precede the second element.

[0153] The "means" in the configuration of each of the above devices may be replaced with "part," "circuit," "device," etc.

[0154] When the terms "include," "including," and variations thereof are used in this disclosure, these terms are intended to be inclusive, similar to the term "comprising." Furthermore, when the term "or" is used in this disclosure, it is not intended to be an exclusive or.

[0155] A radio frame may be composed of one or more frames in the time domain. Each of the one or more frames in the time domain may be called a subframe. A subframe may further be composed of one or more slots in the time domain. A subframe may have a fixed time length (e.g., 1 ms) that is independent of numerology.

[0156] Numerology may be a communication parameter applied to the transmission and / or reception of a signal or channel, such as subcarrier spacing (SCS), bandwidth, symbol length, cyclic prefix length, transmission time interval (TTI), number of symbols per TTI, radio frame structure, specific filtering operations performed by the transceiver in the frequency domain, specific windowing operations performed by the transceiver in the time domain, etc.

[0157] A slot may consist of one or more symbols in the time domain (such as Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols, Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) symbols, etc.) A slot may be a time unit based on numerology.

[0158] A slot may include multiple minislots. Each minislot may consist of one or multiple symbols in the time domain. A minislot may also be called a subslot. A minislot may consist of fewer symbols than a slot. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted in a time unit larger than a minislot may be called PDSCH (or PUSCH) mapping type A. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted using a minislot may be called PDSCH (or PUSCH) mapping type B.

[0159] The radio frame, subframe, slot, minislot, and symbol all represent time units for transmitting signals, and may be referred to by other names corresponding to the radio frame, subframe, slot, minislot, and symbol.

[0160] For example, one subframe may be referred to as a transmission time interval (TTI), multiple consecutive subframes may be referred to as a TTI, or one slot or one minislot may be referred to as a TTI. That is, at least one of the subframe and the TTI may be a subframe (1 ms) in existing LTE, a period shorter than 1 ms (e.g., 1 to 13 symbols), or a period longer than 1 ms. Note that the unit representing the TTI may be referred to as a slot, minislot, etc., instead of a subframe.

[0161] Here, TTI refers to, for example, the smallest time unit for scheduling in wireless communication. For example, in an LTE system, a base station schedules each terminal by allocating radio resources (such as frequency bandwidth and transmission power that can be used by each terminal) in TTI units. However, the definition of TTI is not limited to this.

[0162] The TTI may be a transmission time unit for a channel-encoded data packet (transport block), a code block, a code word, etc., or may be a processing unit for scheduling, link adaptation, etc. When a TTI is given, the time interval (e.g., the number of symbols) to which a transport block, a code block, a code word, etc. is actually mapped may be shorter than the TTI.

[0163] In addition, when one slot or one minislot is called a TTI, one or more TTIs (i.e., one or more slots or one or more minislots) may be the minimum time unit for scheduling. Furthermore, the number of slots (minislots) constituting the minimum time unit for scheduling may be controlled.

[0164] A TTI having a time length of 1 ms may be referred to as a regular TTI (TTI in LTE Rel. 8 to 12), normal TTI, long TTI, regular subframe, normal subframe, long subframe, slot, etc. A TTI shorter than a regular TTI may be referred to as a shortened TTI, short TTI, partial or fractional TTI, shortened subframe, short subframe, minislot, subslot, slot, etc.

[0165] In addition, a long TTI (e.g., a normal TTI, a subframe, etc.) may be interpreted as a TTI having a time length of more than 1 ms, and a short TTI (e.g., a shortened TTI, etc.) may be interpreted as a TTI having a TTI length shorter than the TTI length of a long TTI and equal to or greater than 1 ms.

[0166] A resource block (RB) is a resource allocation unit in the time domain and the frequency domain, and may include one or more consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. The number of subcarriers included in an RB may be the same regardless of numerology, for example, 12. The number of subcarriers included in an RB may be determined based on numerology.

[0167] The time domain of an RB may include one or more symbols and may have a length of one slot, one minislot, one subframe, or one TTI. One TTI, one subframe, etc. may each be composed of one or more resource blocks.

[0168] Note that one or more RBs may also be called a physical resource block (PRB), a sub-carrier group (SCG), a resource element group (REG), a PRB pair, an RB pair, etc.

[0169] Furthermore, a resource block may be composed of one or more resource elements (REs). For example, one RE may be a radio resource region of one subcarrier and one symbol. A bandwidth part (BWP) (which may also be referred to as a partial bandwidth) may represent a subset of contiguous common resource blocks (RBs) for a certain numerology in a certain carrier. Here, the common RBs may be identified by their indexes relative to the common reference point of the carrier. PRBs may be defined in a certain BWP and numbered within the BWP.

[0170] The BWP may include a BWP for UL (UL BWP) and a BWP for DL ​​(DL BWP). One or more BWPs may be configured for a UE within one carrier.

[0171] At least one of the configured BWPs may be active, and the UE may not expect to transmit or receive a predetermined signal / channel outside the active BWP. Note that the terms "cell," "carrier," etc. in this disclosure may be read as "BWP."

[0172] The above-described structures of radio frames, subframes, slots, minislots, symbols, etc. are merely examples, and various configurations, such as the number of subframes included in a radio frame, the number of slots per subframe or radio frame, the number of minislots included in a slot, the number of symbols and RBs included in a slot or minislot, the number of subcarriers included in an RB, the number of symbols in a TTI, the symbol length, and the cyclic prefix (CP) length, can be changed.

[0173] The "maximum transmit power" in this disclosure may mean the maximum value of transmit power, the nominal UE maximum transmit power, or the rated UE maximum transmit power.

[0174] In this disclosure, where articles are added by translation, such as a, an, and the in English, the disclosure may include that the nouns following these articles are in the plural form.

[0175] In the present disclosure, the term "A and B are different" may mean "A and B are different from each other." The term may also mean "A and B are each different from C." Terms such as "separate" and "coupled" may also be interpreted in the same way as "different."

[0176] Although the present disclosure has been described in detail above, it is clear to those skilled in the art that the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described herein. The present disclosure can be implemented in modified and altered forms without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure as defined by the claims. Therefore, the description of the present disclosure is intended to be illustrative and does not have any limiting meaning on the present disclosure.

[0177] (Additional Note) The above disclosure may be expressed as follows.

[0178] A first feature is a terminal comprising: a control unit that simultaneously connects to a first radio access network and a second radio access network; a transmission unit that performs a first uplink transmission to the first radio access network at a first transmission power and a second uplink transmission to the second radio access network at a second transmission power; and a reception unit that receives priority information indicating a prioritized radio access network, wherein the control unit changes an allocation ratio between the first transmission power and the second transmission power based on the priority information.

[0179] A second feature is the terminal of the first feature, wherein the first radio access network is a radio access network conforming to 5G, the second radio access network is a radio access network conforming to 6G, and the priority information indicates the first radio access network as the preferred radio access network.

[0180] A third feature is the terminal according to the first or second feature, wherein the transmitter performs the first uplink transmission with priority over the second uplink transmission.

[0181] A fourth feature is the terminal according to the third feature, wherein the transmitter cancels the second uplink transmission.

[0182] A fifth feature is a terminal according to any one of the first to fourth features, wherein the receiving unit receives allocation amount information indicating an allocation amount of the first transmission power from the first radio access network, and the control unit determines the allocation amount of the second transmission power based on the allocation amount information.

[0183] A sixth feature is the terminal according to any one of the first to fifth features, wherein the preferred radio access network is determined through cooperation between the first radio access network and the second radio access network.

[0184] 10 Wireless communication system 20 RAN 20A 5G RAN 20B 6G RAN 20C 4G RAN 30 CN 30A 5GC 30B 6GC 30C 4GC 100 Base station 110 Wireless signal transmitting / receiving unit 120 Control unit 200 Terminal 210 Wireless signal transmitting / receiving unit 220 Amplifier unit 230 Modulation / demodulation unit 240 Control signal / reference signal processing unit 250 Encoding / decoding unit 260 Data transmitting / receiving unit 270 Control unit 300 AMF 400 NWDAF 1001 Processor 1002 Memory 1003 Storage 1004 Communication device 1005 Input device 1006 Output device 1007 Bus 2001 Vehicle 2002 Drive unit 2003 Steering unit 2004 Accelerator pedal 2005 Brake pedal 2006 Shift lever 2007 Left and right front wheels 2008 Left and right rear wheels 2009 Axle 2010 Electronic control unit 2012 Information service unit 2013 Communication module 2021 Current sensor 2022 RPM sensor 2023 Air pressure sensor 2024 Vehicle speed sensor 2025 Acceleration sensor 2026 Brake pedal sensor 2027 Shift lever sensor 2028 Object detection sensor 2029 Accelerator pedal sensor 2030 Driving assistance system unit 2031 Microprocessor 2032 Memory (ROM, RAM) 2033 Communication port (IO port)

Claims

1. A terminal comprising: a control unit that simultaneously connects to a first radio access network and a second radio access network; a transmission unit that performs a first uplink transmission to the first radio access network at a first transmission power and a second uplink transmission to the second radio access network at a second transmission power; and a reception unit that receives priority information indicating a prioritized radio access network, wherein the control unit changes the allocation ratio between the first transmission power and the second transmission power based on the priority information.

2. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein the first radio access network is a radio access network conforming to 5G, the second radio access network is a radio access network conforming to 6G, and the priority information indicates the first radio access network as the preferred radio access network.

3. The terminal according to claim 2, wherein the transmitter performs the first uplink transmission with priority over the second uplink transmission.

4. The terminal according to claim 3, wherein the transmitter cancels the second uplink transmission.

5. The terminal according to claim 2, wherein the receiving unit receives allocation amount information indicating an allocation amount of the first transmission power from the first radio access network, and the control unit determines an allocation amount of the second transmission power based on the allocation amount information.

6. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein the preferred radio access network is determined through cooperation between the first radio access network and the second radio access network.

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