Communication method and apparatus

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of wireless communications. Provided are a communication method and apparatus. The method comprises: a first communication apparatus sending first capability information to a second communication apparatus, wherein the first capability information indicates that the first communication apparatus supports a first precoding mode, and the first precoding mode instructs to preprocess a transmission signal on the basis of a nonlinear operation; and the first communication apparatus receiving indication information from the second communication apparatus, wherein the indication information indicates a precoding mode used by the first communication apparatus, and the precoding mode is determined on the basis of the first capability information.

Description

A communication method and apparatus

[0001] Cross-references to related applications

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202410598403.4, filed on May 14, 2024, entitled "A Communication Method and Apparatus", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This application relates to the field of wireless communication technology, and in particular to a communication method and apparatus. Background Technology

[0004] The primary motivation for multi-user multiple-input multiple-output (MU-MIMO) schemes is to approximate the capacity that a wireless channel can potentially provide. In an MU-MIMO system, assuming a base station has M transmit antennas and K users, when the base station has complete channel knowledge, the capacity of the optimal dirty paper coding (DPC) transmission scheme increases linearly with increasing K. However, in actual communication, due to the imperfect channel knowledge possessed by the base station, this capacity may not be achievable. Therefore, it is crucial to reduce the performance gap by properly designing precoding methods. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a communication method and apparatus for improving transmission performance.

[0006] Firstly, a communication method is provided. This method can be executed by a first communication device. Unless otherwise specified, "first communication device" in this application can refer to a first communication equipment (e.g., a terminal device, a network device), a component within the first communication equipment (e.g., a processor, a chip, or a chip system), or a logic module or software capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the first communication equipment. In this method, the first communication device sends first capability information to a second communication device. The first capability information indicates that the first communication device supports a first precoding method, and the first precoding method indicates preprocessing of the transmitted signal based on nonlinear operations. The first communication device receives indication information from the second communication device, the indication information indicating the precoding method used by the first communication device, the precoding method being determined based on the first capability information.

[0007] Based on the above scheme, since the first communication device indicates to the second communication device that it supports nonlinear precoding through the first capability information, when the second communication device indicates the precoding method to the first communication device, it can take into account the capability information of the first communication device. Compared with the related technologies that only use linear precoding, the embodiments of this application can take into account the capability of the first communication device and determine whether to use linear precoding or nonlinear precoding to improve transmission performance.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the precoding method is further determined based on channel measurement results of the first communication device by the second communication device. Based on the above scheme, the second communication device can determine the precoding method used by the first communication device based on the channel measurement results and the first capability information, and this precoding method is more suitable for the channel of the first communication device.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the precoding method includes a first precoding method or a second precoding method, wherein the second precoding method indicates preprocessing of the transmitted signal based on linear operations. Based on the above scheme, the second communication device can consider the capability information of the first communication device to determine whether the first communication device uses linear precoding or nonlinear precoding, thereby improving transmission performance.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the nonlinear operation includes a modulo operation. Based on the above scheme, after the first communication device preprocesses the transmitted signal based on the nonlinear operation, the transmitted signal power may increase. Therefore, the power of the transmitted signal can be reduced by using a modulo operation.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the first communication device sends second capability information to the second communication device. The second capability information indicates the positions of K physical antennas on the first communication device. The K physical antennas correspond to M antenna ports. Each of the M antenna ports corresponds to L physical antennas. The L physical antennas are part or all of the K physical antennas. At least two of the K physical antennas satisfy that the distance between the two physical antennas is greater than or equal to half a wavelength. The wavelength corresponds to a first frequency point, which is the frequency point of the frequency range in which the transmitted signal is transmitted. K is an integer greater than or equal to M, L is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and L is an integer less than or equal to K. M is an integer greater than 1.

[0012] Based on the above scheme, the first communication device can send second capability information to the second communication device, indicating the position of the physical antenna of the first communication device. Therefore, the second communication device can determine the precoding method used by the first communication device based on the position of the physical antenna of the first communication device, and can make full use of the deployment characteristics of the physical antenna of the first communication device. In addition, informing the second communication device of the position of the physical antenna on the first communication device can also allow the second communication device to use the angle information between the physical antennas when performing channel estimation, thereby improving the accuracy of channel estimation.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the second capability information includes a first identifier indicating the positions of K physical antennas on the first communication device. The positions of the K physical antennas on the first communication device include the coordinates of the K physical antennas relative to a reference point, the coordinates of which are pre-acquired by the second communication device. Based on this scheme, the positions of the physical antennas on the first communication device can be indicated by an identifier, saving the overhead of indicating information.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the precoding method is further determined based on the second capability information. The precoding method includes the precoding methods corresponding to P antenna ports out of M antenna ports. The P antenna ports are determined based on the channel measurement results of the second communication device on the first communication device.

[0015] Based on the above scheme, since the second communication device can instruct the precoding method of the P antenna ports of the first communication device, different antenna ports can use different precoding methods, which can fully match the channel capability, make full use of the physical antenna deployment characteristics of the first communication device, and improve the transmission performance.

[0016] In one possible implementation, the first communication device receives first data from the second communication device. The first communication device decodes the first data based on a precoding scheme corresponding to P antenna ports.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the first capability information is carried in the air interface (Uu) radio resource control (RRC) signaling, the air interface (UTRAN to UE, Uu) media access control (MAC) control element (CE), the physical uplink control channel (PUCCH), the physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH), the proximity communication 5 (PC5)-RRC, the PC5-MAC CE, the physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH), or the physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH).

[0018] Secondly, a communication method is provided. This method can be executed by a second communication device. Unless otherwise specified, "second communication device" in this application can refer to a second communication equipment (e.g., a network device, a terminal device), a component within the second communication equipment (e.g., a processor, a chip, or a chip system), or a logic module or software capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the second communication equipment. In this method, the second communication device receives first capability information from a first communication device. The first capability information indicates that the first communication device supports a first precoding method, which indicates preprocessing of the transmitted signal based on nonlinear operations. The second communication device sends indication information to the first communication device, indicating the precoding method used by the first communication device, the precoding method being determined based on the first capability information.

[0019] In one possible implementation, the precoding method is also determined based on the channel measurement results of the second communication device on the first communication device.

[0020] In one possible implementation, the precoding method includes a first precoding method or a second precoding method, wherein the second precoding method indicates that the transmitted signal is preprocessed based on linear operations.

[0021] In one possible implementation, nonlinear operations include modulo operations.

[0022] In one possible implementation, the second communication device receives second capability information from the first communication device. The second capability information indicates the positions of K physical antennas on the first communication device. The K physical antennas correspond to M antenna ports. Each of the M antenna ports corresponds to L physical antennas. The L physical antennas are part or all of the K physical antennas. At least two of the K physical antennas satisfy that the distance between the two physical antennas is greater than or equal to half a wavelength. The wavelength corresponds to a first frequency point, which is the frequency point in the frequency range where the transmitted signal is transmitted. K is an integer greater than or equal to M, L is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and L is an integer less than or equal to K. M is an integer greater than 1.

[0023] In one possible implementation, the second capability information includes a first identifier indicating the position of K physical antennas on the first communication device. The position of the K physical antennas on the first communication device includes the coordinates of the K physical antennas relative to a reference point, the coordinates of which are pre-acquired by the second communication device.

[0024] In one possible implementation, the precoding method is further determined based on the second capability information. The precoding method includes the precoding methods corresponding to P antenna ports out of M antenna ports. The P antenna ports are determined based on the channel measurement results of the second communication device on the first communication device.

[0025] In one possible implementation, the second communication device precodes the first data based on a precoding method corresponding to P antenna ports. The second communication device then sends the precoded first data to the first communication device.

[0026] In one possible implementation, the first capability information is carried in Uu-RRC, Uu-MAC CE, PUCCH, PUSCH, PC5-RRC, PC5-MAC CE, PSCCH, or PSSCH.

[0027] Thirdly, a communication device is provided, including a processing unit and a transceiver unit.

[0028] The processing unit is used to determine first capability information. The first capability information indicates that the first communication device supports a first precoding method, and the first precoding method indicates that the transmitted signal is preprocessed based on nonlinear operations.

[0029] The transceiver unit is used to send first capability information to the second communication device. The transceiver unit is also used to receive indication information from the second communication device, the indication information indicating the precoding method used by the first communication device, the precoding method being determined based on the first capability information.

[0030] In one possible implementation, the precoding method is also determined based on the channel measurement results of the second communication device on the first communication device.

[0031] In one possible implementation, the precoding method includes a first precoding method or a second precoding method, wherein the second precoding method indicates that the transmitted signal is preprocessed based on linear operations.

[0032] In one possible implementation, nonlinear operations include modulo operations.

[0033] In one possible implementation, the transceiver unit is further configured to send second capability information to the second communication device. The second capability information indicates the positions of K physical antennas on the first communication device. The K physical antennas correspond to M antenna ports. Each of the M antenna ports corresponds to L physical antennas. The L physical antennas are part or all of the K physical antennas. At least two of the K physical antennas satisfy that the distance between the two physical antennas is greater than or equal to half a wavelength. The wavelength corresponds to a first frequency point. The first frequency point is the frequency point of the frequency range in which the transmitted signal is transmitted. K is an integer greater than or equal to M, L is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and L is an integer less than or equal to K. M is an integer greater than 1.

[0034] In one possible implementation, the second capability information includes a first identifier indicating the position of K physical antennas on the first communication device. The position of the K physical antennas on the first communication device includes the coordinates of the K physical antennas relative to a reference point, the coordinates of which are pre-acquired by the second communication device.

[0035] In one possible implementation, the precoding method is further determined based on the second capability information. The precoding method includes the precoding methods corresponding to P antenna ports out of M antenna ports. The P antenna ports are determined based on the channel measurement results of the second communication device on the first communication device.

[0036] In one possible implementation, the transceiver unit is further configured to receive first data from the second communication device. The processing unit is further configured to decode the first data based on the precoding scheme corresponding to the P antenna ports.

[0037] In one possible implementation, the first capability information is carried in Uu-RRC, Uu-MAC CE, PUCCH, PUSCH, PC5-RRC, PC5-MAC CE, PSCCH, or PSSCH.

[0038] Fourthly, a communication device is provided, including a processing unit and a transceiver unit.

[0039] The transceiver unit is configured to receive first capability information from the first communication device. The first capability information indicates that the first communication device supports a first precoding method, which in turn indicates preprocessing of the transmitted signal based on nonlinear operations. The processing unit is configured to generate indication information, which indicates the precoding method used by the first communication device, and the precoding method is determined based on the first capability information. The transceiver unit is also configured to send the indication information to the first communication device, which indicates the precoding method used by the first communication device, and the precoding method is determined based on the first capability information.

[0040] In one possible implementation, the precoding method is also determined based on the channel measurement results of the second communication device on the first communication device.

[0041] In one possible implementation, the precoding method includes a first precoding method or a second precoding method, wherein the second precoding method indicates that the transmitted signal is preprocessed based on linear operations.

[0042] In one possible implementation, nonlinear operations include modulo operations.

[0043] In one possible implementation, the transceiver unit is further configured to receive second capability information from the first communication device. The second capability information indicates the positions of K physical antennas on the first communication device. The K physical antennas correspond to M antenna ports. Each of the M antenna ports corresponds to L physical antennas. The L physical antennas are part or all of the K physical antennas. At least two of the K physical antennas satisfy that the distance between the two physical antennas is greater than or equal to half a wavelength. The wavelength corresponds to a first frequency point, which is the frequency point of the frequency range in which the transmitted signal is transmitted. K is an integer greater than or equal to M, L is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and L is an integer less than or equal to K. M is an integer greater than 1.

[0044] In one possible implementation, the second capability information includes a first identifier indicating the position of K physical antennas on the first communication device. The position of the K physical antennas on the first communication device includes the coordinates of the K physical antennas relative to a reference point, the coordinates of which are pre-acquired by the second communication device.

[0045] In one possible implementation, the precoding method is further determined based on the second capability information. The precoding method includes the precoding methods corresponding to P antenna ports out of M antenna ports. The P antenna ports are determined based on the channel measurement results of the second communication device on the first communication device.

[0046] In one possible implementation, the processing unit is further configured to precode the first data based on the precoding method corresponding to the P antenna ports. The transceiver unit is further configured to send the precoded first data to the first communication device.

[0047] In one possible implementation, the first capability information is carried in Uu-RRC, Uu-MAC CE, PUCCH, PUSCH, PC5-RRC, PC5-MAC CE, PSCCH, or PSSCH.

[0048] Fifthly, a communication device is provided for implementing the various methods described above. This communication device may be the first communication device described in the first aspect, or a device comprising the first communication device, or a device included in the first communication device, such as a chip; or, the communication device may be the second communication device described in the second aspect, or a device comprising the second communication device, or a device included in the second communication device, such as a chip. The communication device includes modules, units, or means corresponding to the methods described above, which may be implemented in hardware, software, or by hardware executing corresponding software. The hardware or software includes one or more modules or units corresponding to the functions described above.

[0049] A sixth aspect provides a communication device, comprising: a processor and a communication interface; the communication interface being used to communicate with a module outside the communication device; the processor being used to execute a computer program or instructions to cause the method described in any of the preceding aspects to be executed. The communication device may be a first communication device as described in the first aspect, or a device comprising the first communication device, or a device included in the first communication device, such as a chip; or, the communication device may be a second communication device as described in the second aspect, or a device comprising the second communication device, or a device included in the second communication device, such as a chip.

[0050] A seventh aspect provides a communication device, comprising: at least one processor; the processor being configured to execute a computer program or instructions stored in a memory to implement the method described in any of the preceding aspects. The memory may be coupled to the processor, or may be independent of the processor. The communication device may be a first communication device as described in the first aspect, or a device comprising the first communication device, or a device included in the first communication device, such as a chip; or, the communication device may be a second communication device as described in the second aspect, or a device comprising the second communication device, or a device included in the second communication device, such as a chip.

[0051] Eighthly, this application provides a communication system that may include a first communication device that performs the method described in the first aspect and a second communication device that performs the method described in the second aspect.

[0052] Ninthly, this application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-readable instructions that, when executed, cause the method in any possible implementation of either the first or second aspect described above to be implemented.

[0053] In a tenth aspect, this application provides a computer program that, when run, causes the method in any possible implementation of either the first or second aspect to be implemented.

[0054] In one aspect, this application provides a chip for reading a computer program stored in a memory to execute the method in any possible implementation of either the first or second aspect described above.

[0055] The technical effects that can be achieved by any of the second to eleventh aspects mentioned above can be described with reference to the technical effects that can be achieved by any possible implementation of the first aspect mentioned above, and the repetitions will not be discussed. Attached Figure Description

[0056] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a communication system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0057] Figure 2A is a schematic diagram of an application scenario provided by an embodiment of this application;

[0058] Figure 2B is a schematic diagram of another application scenario provided by the embodiments of this application;

[0059] Figure 3A is a schematic diagram of a linear precoding process;

[0060] Figure 3B is a schematic diagram of a nonlinear precoding process;

[0061] Figure 4 is an exemplary flowchart of a communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0062] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the deployment location of a physical antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0063] Figure 6 is an exemplary flowchart of another communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0064] Figure 7 is an exemplary flowchart of another communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0065] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0066] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of another communication device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0067] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of another communication device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0068] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of another communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0069] To facilitate understanding of the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application, the technical terms provided in the embodiments of this application are explained and described below.

[0070] 1) An antenna port is an identifier for a physical channel or physical signal based on the air interface environment. The channel environment changes similarly for the same antenna port, allowing the receiver to perform channel estimation and demodulate the received signal. One antenna port may correspond to one or more physical antennas.

[0071] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application can be applied to various communication systems, such as Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) systems, 4th generation (4G) mobile communication systems such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems, 5th generation (5G) mobile communication systems such as New Radio (NR) systems, and future evolutionary communication systems such as 6th generation (6G) mobile communication systems. Of course, the technical solutions provided in this application can also be applied to other possible communication systems, such as Vehicle to Everything (V2X) systems, Internet of Things (IoT) systems, and Narrow Band Internet of Things (NB-IoT) systems.

[0072] This application will present various aspects, embodiments, or features relating to systems that may include multiple devices, components, modules, etc. It should be understood and appreciated that individual systems may include additional devices, components, modules, etc., and / or may not include all the devices, components, modules, etc. discussed in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Furthermore, combinations of these approaches are also possible.

[0073] To facilitate understanding of the embodiments of this application, Figure 1 illustrates a possible, non-limiting system schematic diagram. As shown in Figure 1, the communication system 10 includes a RAN 100 and a core network (CN) 200. Optionally, the communication system 10 may also include an Internet 300.

[0074] RAN 100 includes at least one RAN node (110a and 110b in Figure 1, collectively referred to as 110) and at least one terminal (120a-120j in Figure 1, collectively referred to as 120). RAN 100 may also include other RAN nodes, such as wireless relay equipment and / or wireless backhaul equipment (not shown in Figure 1). Terminal 120 is wirelessly connected to RAN node 110. RAN node 110 is wirelessly or wired connected to core network 200. The core network equipment in core network 200 and RAN node 110 in RAN 100 can be different physical devices, or they can be the same physical device integrating core network logical functions and wireless access network logical functions.

[0075] RAN 100 can be a cellular system related to the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), such as 4G, 5G mobile communication systems, or future-oriented evolution systems (such as 6G mobile communication systems). RAN 100 can also be an open RAN (O-RAN or ORAN), a cloud radio access network (CRAN), or a WiFi system. RAN 100 can also be a communication system that integrates two or more of the above systems.

[0076] RAN node 110, sometimes referred to as RAN entity or access node, constitutes part of the communication system and assists terminals in achieving wireless access. Multiple RAN nodes 110 in communication system 10 can be of the same type or different types. In some scenarios, the roles of RAN node 110 and terminal 120 are relative. For example, network element 120i in Figure 1 can be a helicopter or drone, which can be configured as a mobile base station. For terminals 120j accessing RAN 100 through network element 120i, network element 120i is a base station; but for base station 110a, network element 120i is a terminal. RAN node 110 and terminal 120 are sometimes both referred to as communication devices. For example, network elements 110a and 110b in Figure 1 can be understood as communication devices with base station functions, and network elements 120a-120j can be understood as communication devices with terminal functions.

[0077] RAN nodes can also be described in different ways, such as access network equipment. Unless otherwise specified in this application, access network equipment will be used as the term.

[0078] In one possible scenario, the access network device can be a base station, an evolved NodeB (eNodeB), an access point (AP), a transmission reception point (TRP), a next-generation NodeB (gNB), a next-generation base station in a 6G mobile communication system, a base station in a future mobile communication system, or an access node in a WiFi system, etc. The access network device can be a macro base station (as shown in Figure 1, 110a), a micro base station or indoor station (as shown in Figure 1, 110b), a relay node or donor node, or a radio controller in a CRAN scenario. Optionally, the access network device can also be a server, wearable device, vehicle, or in-vehicle equipment, etc. For example, the access network device in V2X technology can be a roadside unit (RSU). All or part of the functions of the access network device in this application can also be implemented through software functions running on hardware, or through virtualization functions instantiated on a platform (e.g., a cloud platform). The access network device in this application can also be a logical node, logical module, or software capable of implementing all or part of the access network device functions.

[0079] In another possible scenario, multiple access network devices collaborate to assist the terminal in achieving wireless access, with each device performing a portion of the base station's functions. For example, the access network devices can be a central unit (CU), a distributed unit (DU), a CU-control plane (CP), a CU-user plane (UP), or a radio unit (RU). The CU and DU can be separate entities or included in the same network element, such as a baseband unit (BBU). The RU can be included in radio frequency equipment or radio frequency units, such as a remote radio unit (RRU), an active antenna unit (AAU), or a remote radio head (RRH).

[0080] In different systems, CU (or CU-CP and CU-UP), DU, or RU may have different names, but those skilled in the art will understand their meaning. For example, in an ORAN system, CU can also be called O-CU (open CU), DU can also be called O-DU, CU-CP can also be called O-CU-CP, CU-UP can also be called O-CU-UP, and RU can also be called O-RU. For ease of description, this application uses CU, CU-CP, CU-UP, DU, and RU as examples. Any of the units among CU (or CU-CP, CU-UP), DU, and RU in this application can be implemented through software modules, hardware modules, or a combination of software and hardware modules.

[0081] A terminal can also be called a terminal device, UE, mobile station, mobile terminal, etc. Terminals can be widely used in various scenarios, such as device-to-device (D2D), V2X communication, machine-type communication (MTC), IoT, virtual reality, augmented reality, industrial control, autonomous driving, telemedicine, smart grids, smart furniture, smart offices, smart wearables, smart transportation, smart cities, etc. Terminals can be mobile phones, tablets, computers with wireless transceiver capabilities, wearable devices, vehicles, drones, helicopters, airplanes, ships, robots, robotic arms, smart home devices, etc. The embodiments of this application do not limit the device form of the terminal.

[0082] In this application, "sending information to a device (such as a terminal)" can be understood as the destination of the information being that device, which may include sending information directly or indirectly to that device. "Receiving information from a device (such as a terminal)" can be understood as the source of the information being that device, which may include receiving information directly or indirectly from that device. Information may undergo necessary processing between the source and destination, such as format changes, but the destination can understand the valid information from the source. Similar expressions in this application can be interpreted similarly, and will not be elaborated further here.

[0083] The communication systems and service scenarios described in the embodiments of this application are for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application. As those skilled in the art will know, with the evolution of network architecture and the emergence of new service scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0084] Referring to Figure 2A, the technical solution of this application is illustrated using V2X communication technology as an example. Cellular vehicle to everything (C-V2X) is a V2X communication technology developed based on cellular systems. C-V2X utilizes and enhances current cellular network functions and elements to achieve low-latency and high-reliability communication between various nodes in the vehicle network, including vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V), vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P), vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I), and vehicle-to-network (V2N).

[0085] Referring to Figure 2B, when this application is used in a V2X communication system, it is applicable to communication scenarios with and without network coverage. The terminal can be within or outside the coverage area of ​​the base station.

[0086] As cellular systems evolve from LTE to 5G, C-V2X is evolving from LTE-V2X to NR-V2X. NR-V2X supports lower transmission latency, more reliable communication, higher throughput, and a better user experience, meeting the needs of a wider range of application scenarios. Furthermore, the vehicle-to-vehicle communication supported by V2C can be extended to device-to-device (D2D) communication in any system.

[0087] The primary motivation for multi-user multiple-input multiple-output (MU-MIMO) schemes is to approximate the capacity that a wireless channel can potentially provide. In an MU-MIMO system, assuming a base station has M transmit antennas and K users, when the base station has complete channel knowledge, the capacity of the optimal dirty paper coding (DPC) transmission scheme increases linearly with increasing K. However, in actual communication, due to the imperfect channel knowledge possessed by the base station, this capacity may not be achievable. Therefore, it is crucial to reduce the performance gap by properly designing precoding methods.

[0088] Generally, precoding methods can be divided into two main categories: linear precoding and nonlinear precoding. Linear precoding, used in LTE and 5G, essentially suppresses inter-user interference through spatial processing. While linear precoding offers relatively low implementation complexity, its performance saturation rate will saturate to a constant as K increases. Therefore, in high-UE density scenarios and high-UE density channel environments, linear precoding may not exhibit good performance.

[0089] Referring to Figure 3A, linear precoding is a pre-equalization of the transmitted signal by the transmitter through linear operations. The advantage of the precoding matrix is ​​that it is simple to solve and has low complexity, but its performance needs to be improved in high UE density scenarios.

[0090] Nonlinear precoding relies not only on spatial processing but also attempts to improve performance through nonlinear operations. However, due to its extremely high computational complexity, it has limited applications in current wireless communication.

[0091] Referring to Figure 3B, nonlinear precoding is a signal equalization process performed by the transmitter through nonlinear operations. The precoding matrix has the advantage of good performance in high UE density scenarios, approaching the capacity limit. However, the precoding solution is complex and more sensitive to the accuracy of channel state information (CSI).

[0092] The “n” shown in Figures 3A and 3B above can represent noise, such as environmental / chip device noise.

[0093] However, both current LTE and 5G technologies use linear precoding. But as the number of users increases, its performance does not increase with the number of users; instead, it tends to decline, making it difficult to support the massive number of users in the future.

[0094] In view of this, embodiments of this application provide a communication method. In this method, a first communication device sends first capability information to a second communication device, indicating that the first communication device supports nonlinear precoding (referred to as a first precoding method). The second communication device sends indication information to the first communication device. This indication information indicates the precoding method used by the first communication device, which is determined based on the first capability information. Since the first communication device indicates support for nonlinear precoding to the second communication device through the first capability information, the second communication device can consider the capability information of the first communication device when indicating the precoding method to the first communication device. Compared to NR and LTE, which only use linear precoding methods, embodiments of this application can consider the capabilities of the first communication device and use either linear or nonlinear precoding, thereby improving transmission performance.

[0095] The communication method provided in this application embodiment can be executed by a first communication device and a second communication device. Here, the first communication device can refer to the first communication device itself (such as a terminal device or network device), or it can refer to a processor, module, chip, or chip system within the first communication device that implements the method. The second communication device can refer to the second communication device itself (such as a network device or terminal device), or it can refer to a processor, module, chip, or chip system within the second communication device that implements the method. In this application embodiment, when the first communication device is a terminal device, the second communication device can be a network device or a terminal device. When the first communication device is a network device, the first communication device can be a terminal device or a network device.

[0096] Referring to Figure 4, which is an exemplary flowchart of a communication method provided in an embodiment of this application, it may include the following steps.

[0097] S401: The first communication device sends first capability information to the second communication device.

[0098] Correspondingly, the second communication device receives the first capability information from the first communication device.

[0099] The first capability information may indicate that the first communication device supports a first precoding method, which indicates that the transmitted signal is preprocessed based on nonlinear operations, as shown in Figure 3B. The following description uses nonlinear precoding as an example of the first precoding method. For instance, nonlinear precoding may include Tomlinson-Harashima precoding and vector perturbation precoding.

[0100] Optionally, nonlinear operations may also include modulo operations. For example, in nonlinear precoding, the first communication device may preprocess the transmitted signal based on nonlinear operations to compensate for the loss of useful information caused by interference after the transmitted signal passes through the channel. However, this process may lead to an increase in the transmitted signal power, exceeding the range of the constellation diagram. Therefore, to reduce the transmitted signal power, modulo operations can be performed on the transmitted signal. It should be noted that the modulo parameters are related to the modulation method, and modulo operations may include modulo-2 operations, modulo-8 operations, etc., which are not specifically limited in this application.

[0101] In one possible scenario, if the first communication device supports nonlinear precoding, it can send the first capability information to the second communication device; if the first communication device does not support nonlinear precoding, it does not need to send the first capability information. Conversely, if the first communication device does not support nonlinear precoding, it can send the first capability information to the second communication device; if the first communication device supports nonlinear precoding, it does not need to send the first capability information. In another possible scenario, the first capability information can indicate whether the first communication device supports nonlinear precoding. For example, the first capability information can indicate that the first communication device supports nonlinear precoding. Yet another example is that the first capability information can indicate that the first communication device does not support nonlinear precoding.

[0102] Optionally, the first communication device can also indicate to the second communication device whether it supports a second precoding method, whereby the second precoding method indicates preprocessing of the transmitted signal based on linear operation, as shown in Figure 3A. The following explanation uses linear precoding as an example of the second precoding method. For instance, the first communication device can send an indication message to the second communication device indicating that it supports linear precoding. Alternatively, the first communication device can send an indication message to the second communication device indicating that it does not support linear precoding. Furthermore, if the first communication device supports linear precoding, it can send an indication message to the second communication device indicating that it supports linear precoding; if it does not support linear precoding, it will not send an indication message to the second communication device. Conversely, if the first communication device does not support linear precoding, it can send an indication message to the second communication device indicating that it does not support linear precoding; if it supports linear precoding, it will not send an indication message to the second communication device.

[0103] It should be noted that the first communication device may indicate to the second communication device whether the first communication device supports linear precoding through the first capability information, or the first communication device may indicate to the second communication device whether the first communication device supports linear precoding through other information different from the first capability information. This application does not make any specific limitations.

[0104] In this embodiment, if the first communication device is a terminal device and the second communication device is a network device, the first communication device can send first capability information to the second communication device via Uu-RRC signaling, Uu-MAC CE, PUCCH, or PUSCH. If both the first and second communication devices are terminal devices, the first communication device can send first capability information to the second communication device via PC5-RRC signaling, PC5-MAC CE, PSCCH, or PSSCH.

[0105] S402: The second communication device sends an instruction message to the first communication device.

[0106] Correspondingly, the first communication device receives instruction information from the second communication device.

[0107] The indication information may specify the precoding method of the first communication device, which may be determined based on the first capability information. For example, if the first communication device supports nonlinear precoding, the indication information indicates that the precoding method of the first communication device includes nonlinear precoding. Alternatively, if the first communication device does not support nonlinear precoding, or if the first communication device supports linear precoding, the indication information indicates that the precoding method of the first communication device includes linear precoding.

[0108] In some examples, if the first communication device is a terminal device and the second communication device is a network device, then the second communication device can send indication information to the first communication device via Uu-RRC signaling, Uu-MAC CE, PDCCH, or PDSCH. If both the first and second communication devices are terminal devices, then the second communication device can send indication information to the first communication device via PC5-RRC signaling, PC5-MAC CE, PSCCH, or PSSCH.

[0109] In one possible scenario, the precoding method described above is also determined based on channel measurement results between the second communication device and the first communication device. For example, the first communication device can send a channel sounding reference signal (SRS) to the second communication device. The second communication device can measure this SRS to obtain channel measurement results, such as the channel matrix H, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and reference signal receiving power (RSRP). It should be noted that the first communication device can also determine its channel measurement results through other methods; the above-described method of measuring SRS is merely illustrative.

[0110] In the aforementioned possible scenarios, the second communication device can determine the precoding method of the first communication device based on channel measurement results and first capability information. For example, if the first capability information indicates that the first communication device supports nonlinear precoding, and the channel measurement results indicate good channel quality, such as high RSRP or SNR, or high channel correlation with multiple simultaneously scheduled users, the second communication device can determine that the first communication device adopts nonlinear precoding.

[0111] In some embodiments, the precoding method indicated by the indication information can be used for both uplink and downlink data transmission. For example, the precoding method indicated by the indication information can be used for uplink data transmission. For instance, if the indication information indicates that the precoding method of the first communication device includes nonlinear precoding, the first communication device can precode the first data based on nonlinear precoding. Optionally, the first communication device can send the precoded first data to a second communication device. Correspondingly, the second communication device can acquire the first data. For example, the second communication device can receive a first signal from the first communication device and perform operations such as demodulation on the first signal to obtain the precoded first data.

[0112] For example, if the indication information indicates that the precoding method of the first communication device includes linear precoding, then the first communication device can precode the first data based on linear precoding. Optionally, the first communication device can send the precoded first data to the second communication device. Correspondingly, the second communication device can acquire the first data. For example, the second communication device can receive a first signal from the first communication device and perform operations such as demodulation on the first signal to obtain the precoded first data.

[0113] For example, the precoding method indicated by the instruction information can be used for downlink data transmission. Exemplarily, the second communication device can precode the second data based on nonlinear precoding. Optionally, the second communication device can send the precoded second data to the first communication device. Correspondingly, the first communication device can acquire the second data. For example, the first communication device can receive a second signal from the second communication device and perform demodulation or other operations on the second signal to obtain the precoded second data.

[0114] As another example, the second communication device can precode the second data based on linear precoding. Optionally, the second communication device can send the precoded second data to the first communication device. Correspondingly, the first communication device can acquire the second data. For example, the first communication device can receive a second signal from the second communication device and perform operations such as demodulation on the second signal to obtain the precoded second data.

[0115] Based on the above scheme, the second communication device can determine whether the first communication device supports nonlinear precoding based on the first capability information, and determine the precoding method of the first communication device based on the first capability information. Compared with NR and LTE, which only use linear precoding, the embodiments of this application can take into account the capabilities of the first communication device and use linear precoding or nonlinear precoding to improve transmission performance.

[0116] In LTE and 5G, the same precoding method is used for different antenna ports. However, in some current terminals, the channel states of different antenna ports vary significantly, making it impossible to effectively match the channel capabilities using the same precoding method. Let's take a vehicle as an example. Vehicles are large; a typical vehicle can be 5m long, 2m wide, and 1.8m high. Therefore, when a vehicle is used as a terminal, it's possible to deploy antennas in multiple locations at considerable distances. Referring to Figure 5, when a vehicle is used as a terminal, antennas can be deployed on the roof, rearview mirrors, front and rear bumpers, etc. If the same precoding method is used for different antenna ports of a vehicle, the channel states of the different antenna ports will vary significantly, and the antenna deployment characteristics cannot be fully utilized.

[0117] Therefore, embodiments of this application provide a communication method. In this method, a first communication device can send second capability information to a second communication device. The second capability information can indicate that the K antennas of the first communication device are distributed. The second communication device can send indication information to the first communication device based on the second capability information. This indication information can indicate the precoding methods corresponding to P antenna ports out of M antenna ports. The M antenna ports correspond to K physical antennas. Since the second communication device can indicate the precoding methods for the P antenna ports of the first communication device, different precoding methods can be used for different antenna ports, which can fully match channel capabilities, make full use of the physical antenna deployment characteristics of the first communication device, and improve transmission performance.

[0118] It should be noted that the technical solution provided in this application can be applied not only to vehicles, but also to other terminal devices, such as larger terminal types that can be deployed with distributed physical antennas.

[0119] Referring to Figure 6, which is an exemplary flowchart of a communication method provided in an embodiment of this application, it may include the following steps.

[0120] S601: The first communication device sends second capability information to the second communication device.

[0121] Correspondingly, the second communication device receives the second capability information from the first communication device.

[0122] The second capability information indicates that the K physical antennas of the first communication device are distributed. This can be understood as at least two of the K physical antennas satisfying a distance greater than or equal to half a wavelength, such as 5 times the wavelength, 10 times the wavelength, etc. The wavelength corresponds to the first frequency point, which is the frequency point within the frequency range where the transmitted signal is transmitted.

[0123] In one example, the second capability information may include the number of physical antennas K and a first indication. The first indication may indicate that the number of physical antennas K is equal to the number of distributed physical antennas. That is, the first indication may indicate that any two of the K physical antennas satisfy a distance greater than or equal to half a wavelength between them.

[0124] In another example, the second capability information may indicate the number N of physical antenna sets (clusters) of the first communication device. Each physical antenna set (cluster) may include one or more physical antennas. It should be noted that at least two of the N physical antenna sets satisfy the condition that the distance between the two physical antenna sets is greater than or equal to half a wavelength.

[0125] In the example above, the distance between the two sets of physical antennas can be understood as the distance between the first physical antenna in the first set of physical antennas and the second physical antenna in the second set of physical antennas. Here, the first physical antenna can be any one of the physical antennas in the first set of physical antennas. Similarly, the second physical antenna can be any one of the physical antennas in the second set of physical antennas.

[0126] In another example, the second capability information can indicate the positions of K physical antennas on the first communication device. In this embodiment, the K physical antennas of the first communication device correspond to M antenna ports, each of the M antenna ports corresponds to L physical antennas, and the L physical antennas are some or all of the K physical antennas. Wherein, K is an integer greater than or equal to M, L is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and L is an integer less than or equal to K, and M is an integer greater than 1.

[0127] In the above example, as one possible implementation, the second capability information can indicate the coordinates of the K physical antennas relative to a reference point. For example, these coordinates can represent the distances to the reference point along the x, y, and z axes. In this implementation, the first communication device can accurately indicate the positions of the K physical antennas on the first communication device and supports various deployment methods for the physical antennas.

[0128] In the above example, as another possible implementation, multiple physical antenna deployment methods can be predefined, each deployment method corresponding to the positions of K physical antennas on the first communication device. For example, each deployment method can indicate the coordinates of the K physical antennas relative to a reference point. Exemplarily, each deployment method can have an identifier. The position of the reference point is pre-acquired by the second communication device. For example, the position of the reference point can be predefined by the protocol. The second capability information can include a first identifier, which can correspond to a deployment method; that is, the first identifier can indicate the coordinates of the K physical antennas relative to the reference point. The following description refers to Table 1.

[0129] Table 1: Examples of a deployment method

[0130] Table 1 illustrates an example with four physical antennas, each corresponding to one antenna port. Here, (x, y, z) represents the distances of the physical antennas relative to the reference point along the x, y, and z axes. It is understood that the coordinate system can be user-defined or predefined by the protocol, and the units can be meters, centimeters, etc.; this application does not impose specific limitations.

[0131] In Table 1, P1 can indicate a deployment configuration in which the coordinates of physical antenna 1 relative to the reference point are [-1,0,0], the coordinates of physical antenna 2 relative to the reference point are [-1,0,0], the coordinates of physical antenna 3 relative to the reference point are [1,1,1], and the coordinates of physical antenna 4 relative to the reference point are [1,0,1].

[0132] It should be noted that the deployment methods shown in Table 1 are only illustrative examples and do not constitute a limitation on the deployment method of the physical antenna of the first communication device in the embodiments of this application.

[0133] In this implementation, a single identifier can be used to indicate the positions of K physical antennas on the first communication device to the second communication device, thus saving signaling overhead.

[0134] In the above example, as another possible implementation, multiple deployment methods for physical antennas can be predefined, each corresponding to the position of K physical antennas on the first communication device. For example, each deployment method can indicate the coordinates of the K physical antennas relative to a reference point. The first communication device can indicate the coordinates of the K physical antennas relative to the reference point to the second communication device in the form of a bitmap. For example, the deployment method corresponding to the element with a value of "1" in the bitmap is the deployment method of the K physical antennas of the first communication device.

[0135] In S601, the first communication device can send second capability information to the second communication device via Uu-RRC, Uu-MAC CE, PUCCH, PUSCH, PC5-RRC, PC5-MACCE, PSCCH or PSSCH, etc. This can be implemented with reference to the embodiment shown in Figure 4, and will not be described again here.

[0136] S602: The second communication device sends an instruction message to the first communication device.

[0137] Correspondingly, the first communication device receives instruction information from the second communication device.

[0138] The indication information can indicate the precoding method of the first communication device. For example, the indication information can indicate the precoding method corresponding to P antenna ports out of the M antenna ports of the first communication device, where P is an integer less than or equal to M. For instance, the indication information can indicate the precoding method corresponding to each antenna port of the first communication device.

[0139] [Corrected according to Rule 91, 04.08.2025] In the embodiment shown in FIG6, the precoding method may include one or more of nonlinear precoding or linear precoding. For a description of nonlinear and linear precoding, please refer to the embodiment shown in FIG4, which will not be repeated here. It is understood that in the embodiment shown in FIG6, the second communication device may obtain the first capability information of the first communication device through the process shown in S401, or the second communication device may be pre-configured with the first capability information of the first communication device; this application does not make specific limitations. In the embodiment shown in FIG6, the first communication device supporting both nonlinear and linear precoding is used as an example for explanation.

[0140] In S602, since the physical antennas of the first communication device are distributed and the signal transmission differences between each antenna port are large, the characteristics of the distributed physical antennas can be used to construct a virtual MU for the first communication device. That is, the multiple antenna ports of the first communication device are regarded as antenna ports of different users. In this way, different precoding methods can be designed for different antenna ports of the first communication device to improve transmission performance.

[0141] In one possible implementation, the second communication device can determine the precoding method for P antenna ports out of the M antenna ports based on the channel measurement results of the second communication device on the first communication device. For example, if the second communication device determines, based on the channel measurement results of the M antenna ports, that the correlation between the flows corresponding to P antenna ports among the M antenna ports is high, then the second communication device can instruct those P antenna ports to use nonlinear precoding. As another example, if the second communication device determines that the SNR or RSRP of P antenna ports is high based on the channel measurement results of the M antenna ports, it can assume that the channel estimation accuracy of the P antenna ports is high, and thus instruct the P antenna ports to use nonlinear precoding. Optionally, the second communication device can instruct the remaining MP antenna ports to use linear precoding.

[0142] Referring to Figure 7, the following example illustrates a first communication device comprising four physical antennas, each corresponding to one antenna port. The second communication device determines, based on channel measurement results for each antenna port, that antenna port 0 and antenna port 1 use linear precoding, while antenna ports 2 and antenna port 3 use nonlinear precoding.

[0143] As shown in Figure 7, after the modulation symbols are mapped by layers, different layers can be mapped to different antenna ports. For ease of description, it is assumed that the data of layer 1 is transmitted through antenna port 0, the data of layer 2 is transmitted through antenna port 1, and so on.

[0144] The transmitting end can precode the data from antenna ports 2 and 3 using nonlinear precoding, and precode the data from antenna ports 0 and 1 using linear precoding, and then perform resource mapping on the precoded data. The transmitting end can then transmit the resource-mapped data. The receiving end receives the first signal from the transmitting end and performs demodulation, de-resource mapping, and other operations on the first signal to obtain the precoded data. The receiving end can decode the data from antenna ports 2 and 3 using nonlinear precoding, and decode the data from antenna ports 0 and 1 using linear precoding.

[0145] In the embodiment shown in Figure 7, when the sending end is the first communication device, the receiving end is the second communication device; when the sending end is the second communication device, the receiving end is the first communication device.

[0146] It should be noted that the streams shown in Figure 7 can be streams from different users or different streams from the same user. That is, antenna ports 1 to 3 can be different antenna ports of the same first communication device or antenna ports of different first communication devices.

[0147] In this application, the embodiments shown in FIG4 and FIG6 can be implemented as separate embodiments, or those skilled in the art can select different steps from the embodiments shown in FIG4 and FIG6 as needed to implement as a separate embodiment.

[0148] The following is a specific example of a precoding method for a second communication device design.

[0149] To eliminate inter-stream interference (inter-user interference), the precoding matrix is ​​used as the pseudo-inverse of the channel, i.e., P = (H H H) -1 H H+ Different criteria can lead to different precoding matrix forms; for details, please refer to the linear precoding design section in LTE or NR.

[0150] For ease of explanation: H represents the channel matrix, and P represents the linear precoding matrix. P can be derived from H. S represents the transmitted signal, n represents noise, and y represents the received signal. The following tables LP and NLP are used to distinguish between linear and nonlinear precoding. Assume the first communication device has K1 transmit antennas, and the second communication device has K2 receive antennas. Assume the precoding methods indicated by the second communication device include both linear and nonlinear precoding.

[0151] For linear precoding, the following relationship y is satisfied. LP =H LP P LP s LP +n LP

[0152] For nonlinear precoding, the following relationship is satisfied, where I′ represents the perturbation matrix, and the τ parameter can be chosen independently. NLP =H NLP P NLP (s NLP +τI′)+n NLP

[0153] Assuming the second communication device instructs the data streams corresponding to Y antenna ports (taking Y as an example) to use linear precoding, and the data streams corresponding to J antenna ports (taking J as an example) to use nonlinear precoding, then there are a total of Y+J data streams. Due to the hybrid precoding design, to ensure that the linearly precoded data does not require additional perturbation, the following optimization equation exists. P = (P LP ,P NLP )

[0154] Among them 0 L This is to ensure that streams using linear precoding do not require added perturbations, PLP ∈C M×L ,P NLP ∈C M×K The perturbation matrix can be obtained by spherical encoding.

[0155] It should be understood that when using MU-MIMO, s LP and s NLP It can be a mixed matrix from different users.

[0156] After the first communication device receives the signal, for the linear precoding design described above: y LP =H LP P LP s LP +n LP

[0157] The first communication device can directly determine the signal s. LP .

[0158] After the first communication device receives the signal, the above-mentioned nonlinear precoding design is adopted:

[0159] The first communication device can directly determine the signal s. NLP .

[0160] Based on the concept of the above embodiments, and referring to FIG8, this application provides a communication device 800, which includes a processing unit 801 and a transceiver unit 802.

[0161] The transceiver unit can also be referred to as a transceiver module, transceiver, transceiver machine, transceiver device, etc. The processing unit can also be referred to as a processor, processing board, processing unit, processing device, etc. Optionally, the device in the transceiver unit used to implement the receiving function can be considered as a receiving unit. It should be understood that the transceiver unit is used to execute the sending and receiving operations of the communication device in the above method embodiments, and the device in the transceiver unit used to implement the sending function can be considered as a sending unit; that is, the transceiver unit includes a receiving unit and a sending unit.

[0162] Furthermore, it should be noted that if the device is implemented using a chip / chip circuit, the transceiver unit can be an input / output circuit and / or a communication interface, performing input operations (corresponding to the aforementioned receiving operations) and output operations (corresponding to the aforementioned sending operations); the processing unit is an integrated processor, microprocessor, or integrated circuit.

[0163] The following describes in detail the implementation of the communication device 800 in the first communication device and the second communication device.

[0164] By way of example, when the communication device 800 is applied to the first communication device, the operations performed by each unit thereunder will be described in detail.

[0165] In one alternative implementation, the communication device 800 can be applied to a first communication device to execute the method performed by the first communication device, specifically, for example, the method performed by the first communication device in the embodiment shown in FIG4 above.

[0166] For example, processing unit 801 is used to determine first capability information. The first capability information indicates that the first communication device supports a first precoding method, which indicates preprocessing of the transmitted signal based on nonlinear operations. Transceiver unit 802 is used to send the first capability information to a second communication device. Transceiver unit 802 is also used to receive indication information from the second communication device, which indicates the precoding method used by the first communication device, and the precoding method is determined based on the first capability information.

[0167] For example, when the communication device 800 is applied to a second communication device, the operations performed by each unit of the device will be described in detail.

[0168] In one alternative implementation, the communication device 800 can be applied to a second communication device to execute the method performed by the second communication device, specifically, for example, the method performed by the second communication device in the embodiment shown in FIG4 above.

[0169] For example, transceiver unit 802 is used to receive first capability information from the first communication device. The first capability information indicates that the first communication device supports a first precoding method, and the first precoding method indicates preprocessing of the transmitted signal based on nonlinear operations. Processing unit 801 is used to generate indication information, which indicates the precoding method used by the first communication device, and the precoding method is determined based on the first capability information. Transceiver unit 802 is also used to send the indication information to the first communication device.

[0170] Based on the concept of the embodiments, as shown in FIG9, this application provides a communication device 900. The communication device 900 includes a processor 910. Optionally, the communication device 900 may further include a memory 920 for storing instructions executed by the processor 910, or storing input data required for the processor 910 to execute the instructions, or storing data generated after the processor 910 executes the instructions. The processor 910 can implement the method shown in the above method embodiments through the instructions stored in the memory 920.

[0171] Based on the concept of the embodiments, as shown in FIG10, this application provides a communication device 1000, which may be a chip or a chip system. Optionally, in this application embodiment, the chip system may be composed of chips, or may include chips and other discrete devices.

[0172] The communication device 1000 may include at least one processor 1010 coupled to a memory. Optionally, the memory may be located within or outside the device. For example, the communication device 1000 may also include at least one memory 1020. The memory 1020 stores computer programs, configuration information, computer programs or instructions, and / or data necessary for implementing any of the above embodiments; the processor 1010 may execute the computer programs stored in the memory 1020 to perform the methods in any of the above embodiments. Optionally, the memory may also be integrated with the processor.

[0173] The coupling in this embodiment is an indirect coupling or communication connection between devices, units, or modules, which can be electrical, mechanical, or other forms, used for information exchange between devices, units, or modules. The processor 1010 may operate in conjunction with the memory 1020. This embodiment does not limit the specific connection medium between the transceiver 1030, processor 1010, and memory 1020.

[0174] The communication device 1000 may also include a transceiver 1030, through which the communication device 1000 can interact with other devices. The transceiver 1030 may be a circuit, a bus, a transceiver, or any other device that can be used for information interaction, or a signal transceiver unit. As shown in Figure 10, the transceiver 1030 includes a transmitter 1031, a receiver 1032, and an antenna 1033. Furthermore, when the communication device 1000 is a chip-type device or circuit, the transceiver in the communication device 1000 may also be an input / output circuit and / or a communication interface, capable of inputting data (or receiving data) and outputting data (or transmitting data). The processor may be an integrated processor, a microprocessor, or an integrated circuit, and the processor can determine the output data based on the input data.

[0175] In one possible implementation, the communication device 1000 can be applied to a communication device. Specifically, the communication device 1000 can be a communication device or a device capable of supporting a communication device and implementing the functions of the first or second communication device in any of the above embodiments. The memory 1020 stores the necessary computer programs, computer programs or instructions and / or data for implementing the functions of the first or second communication device in any of the above embodiments. The processor 1010 can execute the computer program stored in the memory 1020 to perform the method executed by the first or second communication device in any of the above embodiments.

[0176] In the embodiments of this application, the processor may be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components, and may implement or execute the methods, steps, and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of this application. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The steps of the methods disclosed in the embodiments of this application can be directly manifested as being executed by a hardware processor, or executed by a combination of hardware and software modules within the processor.

[0177] In the embodiments of this application, the memory can be non-volatile memory, such as a hard disk drive (HDD) or a solid-state drive (SSD), or it can be volatile memory, such as random-access memory (RAM). The memory can also be any other medium capable of carrying or storing desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures, and accessible by a computer, but is not limited thereto. The memory in the embodiments of this application can also be a circuit or any other device capable of implementing storage functions, used to store computer programs, computer program or instruction and / or data.

[0178] Based on the above embodiments, referring to FIG11, this application embodiment also provides another communication device 1100, including: an input / output interface 1110 and a logic circuit 1120; the input / output interface 1110 is used to receive code instructions and transmit them to the logic circuit 1120; the logic circuit 1120 is used to run the code instructions to execute the method executed by the first communication device or the second communication device in any of the above embodiments.

[0179] The following is a detailed description of the operation performed by the device 1100 when applied to a first communication device or a second communication device.

[0180] In one alternative implementation, the communication device 1100 can be applied to a first communication device to execute the method performed by the first communication device, specifically, for example, the method performed by the first communication device in the embodiment shown in FIG4 above.

[0181] For example, logic circuit 1120 is used to determine first capability information. The first capability information indicates that the first communication device supports a first precoding method, which indicates preprocessing of the transmitted signal based on nonlinear operations. Input / output interface 1110 is used to output the first capability information. Input / output interface 1110 is also used to input indication information, which indicates the precoding method used by the first communication device, and the precoding method is determined based on the first capability information.

[0182] Since the communication device 1100 provided in this embodiment can be applied to the first communication device to execute the method performed by the first communication device, the technical effects it can achieve can be referred to the above method embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0183] [Correction 04.08.2025 according to Rule 91] In an optional embodiment, the communication device 1100 may be applied to a second communication device to execute the method executed by the second communication device, specifically, for example, the method executed by the second communication device in the embodiment shown in FIG4 above.

[0184] For example, input / output interface 1110 is used to input first capability information. This first capability information indicates that the first communication device supports a first precoding method, which in turn indicates preprocessing of the transmitted signal based on nonlinear operations. Logic circuit 1120 is used to generate indication information, which indicates the precoding method used by the first communication device, and this precoding method is determined based on the first capability information. Input / output interface 1110 is also used to output indication information, which indicates the precoding method used by the first communication device, and this precoding method is determined based on the first capability information.

[0185] Since the communication device 1100 provided in this embodiment can be applied to a second communication device to execute the method performed by the second communication device, the technical effects it can achieve can be referred to the above method embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0186] Based on the above embodiments, this application also provides a communication system, which includes at least one second communication device and at least one first communication device. The technical effects obtained can be referred to the above method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0187] Based on the above embodiments, this application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program or instructions. When the instructions are executed, the method performed by the communication device in any of the above embodiments is implemented. The computer-readable storage medium may include various media capable of storing program code, such as a USB flash drive, portable hard drive, read-only memory, random access memory, magnetic disk, or optical disk.

[0188] To achieve the functions of the communication devices shown in Figures 8 to 11, this application embodiment also provides a chip, including a processor, for supporting the communication device in implementing the functions involved in the first or second communication device in the above method embodiments. In one possible design, the chip is connected to a memory or the chip includes a memory for storing necessary computer programs, instructions, and data for the first or second communication device.

[0189] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0190] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of this application. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer programs or instructions. These computer programs or instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in one or more blocks of the flowchart illustrations and / or one or more blocks of the block diagrams.

[0191] These computer programs or instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means that implement the functions specified in one or more flowcharts and / or one or more block diagrams.

[0192] These computer programs or instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer-implemented process, such that the instructions, which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus, provide steps for implementing the functions specified in one or more flowcharts and / or one or more block diagrams.

[0193] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the embodiments of this application without departing from the scope of the embodiments of this application. Therefore, if these modifications and variations to the embodiments of this application fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

A communication method, characterized in that, Applied to a first communication device, comprising: Send first capability information to the second communication device, the first capability information indicating that the first communication device supports a first precoding method, the first precoding method indicating that the transmitted signal is preprocessed based on nonlinear operation; The first communication device receives an instruction message from the second communication device, the instruction message indicating the precoding method used by the first communication device, the precoding method being determined based on the first capability information. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The precoding method is also determined based on the channel measurement results of the second communication device on the first communication device. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The precoding method includes either the first precoding method or the second precoding method, wherein the second precoding method indicates that the transmitted signal is preprocessed based on linear operations. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is characterized in that, The nonlinear operations include modulo operations. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The method further includes: A second capability information is sent to a second communication device. The second capability information indicates the positions of K physical antennas on the first communication device. The K physical antennas correspond to M antenna ports. Each of the M antenna ports corresponds to L physical antennas. The L physical antennas are some or all of the K physical antennas. At least two of the K physical antennas satisfy that the distance between the two physical antennas is greater than or equal to half a wavelength. The wavelength corresponds to a first frequency point. The first frequency point is the frequency point of the frequency range in which the transmitted signal is transmitted. K is an integer greater than or equal to M, L is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and L is an integer less than or equal to K. M is an integer greater than 1. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second capability information includes a first identifier, which indicates the position of the K physical antennas on the first communication device. The position of the K physical antennas on the first communication device includes the coordinates of the K physical antennas relative to a reference point, the coordinates of which are obtained in advance by the second communication device. The method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that, The precoding method is also determined based on the second capability information. The precoding method includes the precoding methods corresponding to P antenna ports out of the M antenna ports. The P antenna ports are determined based on the channel measurement results of the second communication device on the first communication device. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The method further includes: Receive first data from the second communication device; The first data is decoded based on the precoding method corresponding to the P antenna ports. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The first capability information is carried in the air interface radio resource control signaling, the air interface media access control control element, the physical uplink control channel, the physical uplink shared channel, the direct communication interface radio resource control signaling, the direct communication interface media access control control element, the physical side link control channel, or the physical side link shared channel. A communication method, characterized in that, Applied to a second communication device, including: Receive first capability information from the first communication device; Wherein, the first capability information indicates that the first communication device supports the first precoding method, and the first precoding method indicates that the transmitted signal is preprocessed based on nonlinear operation; Send indication information to the first communication device, the indication information indicating the precoding method used by the first communication device, the precoding method being determined based on the first capability information. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that, The precoding method is also determined based on the channel measurement results of the second communication device on the first communication device. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that, The precoding method includes either the first precoding method or the second precoding method, wherein the second precoding method indicates that the transmitted signal is preprocessed based on linear operations. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that, The nonlinear operations include modulo operations. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 13 is characterized in that, The method further includes: The system receives second capability information from the first communication device. The second capability information indicates the positions of K physical antennas on the first communication device. The K physical antennas correspond to M antenna ports. Each of the M antenna ports corresponds to L physical antennas. The L physical antennas are some or all of the K physical antennas. At least two of the K physical antennas satisfy that the distance between the two physical antennas is greater than or equal to half a wavelength. The wavelength corresponds to a first frequency point. The first frequency point is the frequency point in the frequency range where the transmitted signal is transmitted. K is an integer greater than or equal to M, L is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and L is an integer less than or equal to K. M is an integer greater than 1. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that, The second capability information includes a first identifier, which indicates the position of the K physical antennas on the first communication device. The position of the K physical antennas on the first communication device includes the coordinates of the K physical antennas relative to a reference point, the coordinates of which are obtained in advance by the second communication device. The method according to claim 14 or 15 is characterized in that, The precoding method is also determined based on the second capability information. The precoding method includes the precoding methods corresponding to P antenna ports out of the M antenna ports. The P antenna ports are determined based on the channel measurement results of the second communication device on the first communication device. The method according to claim 16, characterized in that, Also includes: The first data is precoded based on the precoding method corresponding to the P antenna ports; Send the pre-encoded first data to the first communication device. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 17, characterized in that, The first capability information is carried in the air interface radio resource control signaling, the air interface media access control control element, the physical uplink control channel, the physical uplink shared channel, the direct communication interface radio resource control signaling, the direct communication interface media access control control element, the physical side link control channel, or the physical side link shared channel. A communication device, characterized in that, Includes a module for performing the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 9. The communication device according to claim 19 is characterized in that, The communication device is a user equipment or a chip in a user equipment. A communication device, characterized in that, Includes a module for performing the method as described in any one of claims 10 to 18. The communication device according to claim 21 is characterized in that, The communication device is a network device or a chip in a network device. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium is used to store a computer program that, when run, causes the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 9 to be implemented. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium is used to store a computer program that, when run, causes the method as described in any one of claims 10 to 18 to be implemented. A computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is run, the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 9 is implemented. A computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is run, the method as described in any one of claims 10 to 18 is implemented.

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