Intermaxillary occlusal molar appliance

Abstract

An intermaxillary occlusal molar appliance designed to control tongue and jaw movement for proper occlusion. The appliance includes a U-shaped molar impression tray to restrict backward tongue movement, and a bilateral rectangular molar bases to maintain vertical separation between molars and guide condylar heads. The appliance further includes a molar stops prevent upward and backward movement of the mandibular second molars, a molar-slip and a molar-slide wedges to allow controlled downward and forward movement of the molars and condyles. The appliance further includes structures to limit posterior mandibular displacement, promote muscle relaxation, and integrate all components for optimal alignment and function.

Description

INTERMAXILLARY OCCLUSAL MOLAR APPLIANCEBACKGROUND OF THE INVENTIONField of the Invention

[0001] This disclosure relates generally to dental devices and more particularly to an intermaxillary occlusal molar appliance for treating discomfort related to jaw issues including relief from pain in the temporomandibular joint area.Discussion of the state of the Art

[0002] Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction Syndrome (TMD) is often treated with dental splints, which are intended to address issues such as tooth cusp prematurity and bruxism (the grinding of teeth). However, these splints have not proven very effective in alleviating pain because the maxillary (upper) and mandibular (lower) teeth still exert force on the splint, transmitting pressure back to the teeth. The source of the pain is usually muscle spasms in the masseter, the primary chewing muscle. Standard splint designs do not significantly alter the mechanics of the masticatory apparatus; they only increase the separation between the upper and lower teeth by one or two millimeters.

[0003] Surgery' involving the joint typically does not yield significant benefits for patients and can potentially exacerbate existing occlusal issues. Specifically, such surgical interventions may lead to a floating mandibular occlusion, which can interfere with the contact between the maxillary and mandibular teeth. The clicking sound heard during mouth opening is often a result of asynchronous movement of the articular disc, a condition that, interestingly, does not cause harm to the bony structure of the joint.

[0004] In cases where the disc has lengthened due to repeated dislocations, surgical procedures targeting soft tissue may be necessary to tighten the disc, whereas bony surgery is generally not indicated. When the head of the condyle dislocates in front of the articular tubercle, it usually can be resolved through gentle manipulation of the mandible back into its proper position over the tubercle.

[0005] Myofascial pain is frequently associated with the muscles of mastication, and while muscle relaxants can be prescribed to alleviate muscle spasms, narcotics are typically avoided in these cases. Patients are advised to refrain from opening their mouths too wide, as excessive mouth opening can lead to decreased mobility. Potential shortening of the dense fascia surrounding the muscles can result in a reduced range of motion during activities such as chewing.

[0006] An occlusal splint is described as a removable device that creates an artificial occlusal surface, influencing how the mandible and maxilla relate to one another. The primary purpose of occlusal splints is to modify occlusion, ensuring that centric occlusion does not push the complete seating of the condyles into centric relation. Centric relation is defined as the position of the mandible when it is moved up and back from centric occlusion, and it plays a crucial role in identifying malocclusions present in centric occlusion.

[0007] In centric occlusion, the cusps on the crowns of the mandibular teeth interdigitate precisely with those of the maxillary teeth. Review articles identify three categories of occlusal splints: permissive splints, directive splints, and pseudo-permissive splints. The term "permissive" indicates that the jaws have the capacity to move freely in relation to one another, while "non-permissive" denotes a static relationship where the jaws cannot move.

[0008] Permissive splints, like the Michigan Splint, help stabilize the jaw and keep the condyles and teeth separated. This allows for free movement and reduces tooth grinding. These splints do not stop clenching, but they help reposition the condyles into centric occlusion. Anterior bite-plane splints prevent the back teeth from touching, only allowing the front teeth to engage, which reduces clenching and grinding but does not achieve centric occlusion.

[0009] On the other hand, directive splints (non-permissive) aim to move the condyles to align them with the articular disc. However, they limit jaw7movement and may put pressure on the front teeth. These include anterior repositioning splints, which adjust the jaw’s position, and distraction splints (pivot appliances), which reduce pressure on the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) by contacting only the back teeth.

[0010] Pseudo-permissive splints use flexible materials to separate the upper and lower teeth, but they can worsen bruxism by causing uneven contact.

[0011] Rubber splints are designed to make even contact with opposing teeth at the same time. However, they cannot balance bite pressure because they are made from elastic materials. Therefore, they are not effective for treating temporomandibular disorders (TMD).

[0012] Hydrostatic splints, like the Equalizer, are prefabricated. They have fluid-filled reservoirs positioned over the chewing surfaces of the teeth. These splints aim to balance biting pressure using the fluid inside them. They do not prioritize jaw movement or the position of the jaw joints.

[0013] A patent for an intraoral appliance was found that has members on the maxillary and mandibular arches. The mandibular member has an upward projection, which contacts and glides against a smooth surface on the anterior maxillary member. This construction applies force to the anterior single-rooted teeth, which could lead to long-term instability. This is a significant concern in the design of intraoral appliances, as excessive or improperly distributed forces can result in unintended dental or periodontal issues. This example is in U.S. Patent Number 5,203, 701 issued to Burtch on April 20, 1993.

[0014] Accordingly, there is a need for a dental device designed specifically to address pain but also contribute to improved jaw function and overall dental health. Such a device should ensure repositioning the molars and optimizing occlusion in order to reduce stress on the jaw and provide relief from discomfort of TMJ disorders.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0015] In an embodiment, an intermaxillary occlusal molar appliance is disclosed. The intermaxillary occlusal molar appliance is designed to control the movement of the jaw to maintain proper occlusion. The appliance may include a U-shaped molar impression tray to restrict backward tongue movement for stabilizing the mandibular condyles and a bilateral rectangular molar bases to maintain vertical separation between molars and guide condylar heads to the articular eminence. A molar stop may be provided to prevent upward and backward movement of mandibular second molars. Molar slip wedges for allowingupward movement of the mandibular molars may be included to smooth forward and some lateral movement of the molars and the condyles and molar-slide wedges guide the molars forward and aid in translation.

[0016] In an embodiment, the proposed appliance further includes structures to limit posterior mandibular arch displacement, promote muscle relaxation to reduce pain receptor distortion, maintain the position of the relaxed lateral pterygoid muscles, and ensure the tray is made from materials that allow controlled movement while preserving structural integrity, and integrally formed components for proper alignment and function.

[0017] It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed descriptions are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the invention, as claimed.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING FIGURES

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this disclosure, illustrate exemplary embodiments and, together with the description, serve to explain the disclosed principles.

[0001] FIG. 1 illustrates a perspective view of an exemplary intermaxillary' occlusal molar appliance, in an inverted position from actual use.

[0002] FIG. 2A and 2B illustrate a lateral view of molar bases of an exemplary intermaxillary' occlusal molar appliance, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0003] FIG. 2C illustrates a perspective view' taken from the left side of wedges constructed in assembled intermaxillary' occlusal molar appliance of FIG. 1, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0004] FIG. 2D illustrates a perspective view taken from the left side of a molar stop constructed in a intermaxillary' occlusal molar appliance, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0005] FIG. 2E illustrates a perspective view taken from the right side of wedges constructed in assembled intermaxillary occlusal molar appliance of FIG. 1. in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0006] FIG. 3, illustrates a lateral view of molar stops, molar slip wedges, and molar slide wedges of an exemplary intermaxillary occlusal molar appliance, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0007] FIG.4 illustrates a top surface of the assembled intermaxillary occlusal molar appliance, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0008] FIG.5 a left lateral view of the maxillary second molar tooth in the bone of the maxilla and the mandibular second molar tooth in the bone of the mandible.

[0009] FIG. 6 illustrates a top view of an exemplary intermaxillary occlusal molar appliance, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0010] FIG. 7 illustrates lateral view of the intermaxillary occlusal molar appliance in an enlarged scale, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0019] FIG. 8 illustrates a bottom view of intermaxillary occlusal molar appliance in an enlarged scale, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The foregoing description has broadly outlined the features and technical advantages of the present disclosure in order that the detailed description of the disclosure that follows may be better understood. Additional features and advantages of the disclosure will be described hereinafter which forms the subject of the claims of the disclosure. It should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the conception and specific embodiments disclosed may be readily utilized as a basis for modifying other devices, systems, assemblies, and mechanisms for conducting the same purposes of the present disclosure. It should also be realized by those skilled in the art that such equivalent constructions do not depart from the scope of the disclosure as set forth in the appended claims. The novel features which are believed to be characteristics of the disclosure, to its device or system, together with further objects and advantages will be better understoodfrom the following description when considered in connection with the accompanying figures. It is to be expressly understood, however, that each of the figures is provided for the purpose of illustration and description only and is not intended as a definition of the limits of the present disclosure.

[0021] The terms “including”, “comprises”, “comprising”, “comprising of’ or any other variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a system or a device that comprises a list of components or steps does not include only those components or steps but may include other components or steps not expressly listed or inherent to such setup or device. In other words, one or more elements in a system or apparatus proceeded by “comprises... a” does not, without more constraints, preclude the existence of other elements or additional elements in the system or apparatus.

[0022] Reference will now be made to the exemplary embodiments of the disclosure, as illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Wherever possible, same numerals have been used to refer to the same or like parts. The following paragraphs describe the present disclosure with reference to FIG. 1-FIG. 8.

[0023] In the process of swallowing, it is observed that the dental occlusion is facilitated by the contraction of the muscles, leading to the convergence of the teeth, which subsequently separate upon relaxation of the muscles. The tongue, comprising a complex muscular structure, retracts during the act of swallowing to achieve a dental state identified as centric relation. Premature cusps can be detected through the application of posterior and superior force on the mandible within the glenoid fossae. While centric relation was historically regarded as the optimal occlusal position, it is now understood to be suboptimal for such purposes. The mechanics of jaw opening are characterized by a sequence of translational movement followed by rotational movement, with rotation initiated after translation. The presence of molar-stops serves to restrict posterior mandibular displacement into centric relation, thereby allowing for the possibility of wide rotational movement from a relaxation position. This relaxation position is upheld by the spatial separation afforded by the molar-bases. The dual action of molar-slips and molar-slides promotes a controlled upward movement and further protrusion of the mandible during condylar rotation, enabling free movement from a relaxed state. Muscle relaxation is not a constant condition, allowing for necessary7movement, while slanting occlusal surfacesfunction analogously to shock absorbers, facilitating minor movements between teeth. Furthermore, the molar-bases exert tension on the surrounding fascia, influencing the dynamic remodeling of fascial tissue through the formation and breaking of hydrogen bonds, occurring at an extremely rapid rate of one trillionth of a second, with numerous hydrogen bonds present within the dense fascia, ensuring that a relationship of proximity is maintained between contracted muscles and fascia.

[0024] Referring now to FIG. 1, a perspective view of an exemplary intermaxillary occlusal molar appliance 100, is illustrated, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. The intermaxillary occlusal molar appliance is designed to identify the location of relaxed muscles used for mastication during the function of the teeth and jaws to prevent pain. Relaxed muscles do not stimulate pain receptors in the dense fascia surrounding them. The various components and features of the intermaxillary occlusal molar appliance are configured to enhance the appliance functionality, stability7, and adaptability in such scenarios. The intermaxillary occlusal molar appliance may include a semicircle shape molar impression tray, a Base 1, a Base 2, two molar-stops, two molar-slip wedges, and two molar-slide wedges. The occlusal molar appliance 100 encloses the tongue in a cutout created w ithin an opening of the semicircle and inhibits movement of the tongue.

[0025] The bilateral rectangular molar bases (104. 106) are positioned within the molar tray to engage the mandibular second molars, ensuring the mandibular second molars remain vertically depressed. The molar bases maintain the mandibular condyles in an inferior position within the glenoid fossae for preventing backward and upward displacement beyond the temporal eminences.

[0026] The bilateral rectangular molar stops 108 are attached adjacent to the molar bases for preventing the second molars from moving backward. The restriction ensures that the condylar heads cannot shift posteriorly or superiorly within the fossae.

[0027] The bilateral molar-slip wedges 110 are located after the M-Stops 108 and guide the mandibular second molars upward toward an apex for facilitating smooth molar (SD) downward movement along (SD) molar-slide wedges (M-Slides) 112.

[0028] The M-slides 112 are situated at the apex and create an inclined plane that allows the molars to move downward for assisting the molar (SD) heads in transitioning to thetemporal bones. The M-slides 112 are aligned with molar-slip wedges 110 to maintain a smooth path for condylar movement.

[0029] Referring now to FIGS. 2A and 2B, a lateral view of molar bases, are illustrated, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. The bilateral rectangular molar bases (104, 106) are placed above the mandibular molars to maintain their vertical position to prevent the mandibular second molars from being displaced upwards. The bases ensure that the mandibular condyles remain pressed downward in the glenoid fossae to prevent superior or posterior condylar displacement to maintain proper vertical positioning of the mandible so that the condylar heads stay situated below the eminences of the temporal bones and provide a stable base to resist (SD) compressive forces exerted by occlusal pressure.

[0030] Referring now to FIG. 2C. a perspective view taken from the left side of wedges constructed in assembled intermaxillary occlusal molar appliance 100 of FIG. 1, is illustrated, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. The superior plane of the molar-slip wedges 110, designated as element 202, is affixed to the impression molar tray 102 at the left posterior second molar. The inferior plane, identified as element 204, comprises an anteriorly descending surface. The posterior edge of the wedge, referred to as element 206. extends to the distal cusp of the maxillary second molar tooth. The lateral plane, defined by the superior plane 202 and the inferior plane 204 of the wedge, forms an angle of approximately ten to fifteen degrees, oriented anteriorly.

[0031] Refernng now to FIG. 2D. a perspective view taken from the left side of a molar stop constructed in a intermaxillary occlusal molar appliance 100 of FIG. 1, is illustrated, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. In this embodiment the molar stop (M-stop) is designed to be positioned posteriorly to the mandibular second molars for preventing the mandibular second molars backward movement. The M-stop restricts (SD) the posterior displacement of the molars to ensure (SD) that the condylar heads remain in a stable position within the mandibular fossae and prevents (SD) unwanted superior and posterior shifts. The rigid rectangular structure provides resistance against occlusal forces for enhancing mandibular stabilization and proper condylar alignment.

[0032] The anterior plane of the rectangular structure designated for the molar stop 108 is configured with an upward slope, referenced as 208. Adjacent to this, the superior plane is articulated to the inferior plane of the wedge, denoted as 210. The lateral plane of the rectangle is identified as 212, while the inferior plane of the rectangle is marked as 214.

[0033] The anterior plane of the defined rectangular structure is inclined posteriorly and is designed to engage the distal surface of the mandibular second molar tooth, designated as tooth. This configuration incorporates a posterior molar stop, referenced as element 208, which serves to restrict the posterior displacement of the mandibular second molar teeth from a position of centric occlusion. The superior plane of the rectangular structure, identified as element 212, is affixed to the inferior plane of the wedge element 204, positioned anteriorly with respect to the anterior edge of the wedge element 206.

[0034] The arrangement facilitates a controlled movement of the molar teeth in a forward and downward and forward direction. The posterior molar stop 208 (SD) is integral in preventing the posterior displacement of the molar teeth from their centric occlusion state to a centric relation defined by the position of the condylar head within the mandibular fossa. Furthermore, the junction of the wedge element 112 and the molar stop rectangle 208 may be subject to thickening to enhance functionality. Adjustments may also be made to the inferior surfaces of both the wedge element 204 and the molar stop element 208 to optimize occlusal contact.

[0035] Referring now to FIG. 2E, a perspective view taken from the right side of wedges constructed in assembled intermaxillary occlusal molar appliance 100 of FIG. I, is illustrated, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. The wedges 112 attached to the impression tray 102 on the right side. The orientation of the superior plane, inferior plane, posterior edge, and lateral side angle of the wedge exhibits mirror-image symmetry in relation to the corresponding elements depicted in FIG. 2C.

[0036] Referring now to FIG. 3, a lateral view of molar stops, molar slip wedges, and molar slide wedges are illustrated, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. The bilateral rectangular molar stops (M-stops) 108 are barriers positioned posteriorly to the mandibular second molars to prevent the mandibular second molars from shifting backwards. The molar stop restricts the mandibular condyles to moving posteriorly andsuperiorly within the mandibular fossae by preventing excessive posterior and superior movement of the mandibular molars (SD).

[0037] The molar slip wedges 110 are inclined planes positioned to allow a controlled upward movement of the mandibular second molars and directing them toward a apex (highest point) between the slip wedges and subsequent slide wedges. The molar slip wedges 1 10 simulates the condylar heads clearing the articular eminences of the temporal bones.

[0038] The molar slide wedges (M-slides) 112 are inclined planes that rise from the apex created by the M-slip to guide the mandibular second molars downward (SD) from the apex, for simulating the movement of the condylar heads reaching the articular eminences. The M-slides 112 facilitate (SD) the natural translation of the condyles over the eminences of the temporal bones and completes the biomechanical transition from a depressed condylar position to one where the condyles engage with the articular eminences.

[0039] Referring now to FIG. 4, a top surface of the assembled intermaxillary occlusal molar appliance, is illustrated, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0040] The block rectangular molar stops (M-Stops) 108 are positioned behind the mandibular second molars to prevent backward movement. The M-stops are aligned with molar bases (M-B) (104, 106) and connect to the molar tray (M-T) 102 to secure stable molar positioning.

[0041] The bilateral molar slip wedges 110 are located after the M-Stops 108 and guide the mandibular second molars upward toward an apex for facilitating smooth molar (SD) movement along Molar Slide Wedges (M-Slides) 112.

[0042] The bilateral molar slide wedges (M-Slides)112 are situated at the apex and create an inclined plane that allows the molars to move downward (SD) for assisting the condylar heads in transitioning to the temporal bones. The M-slides 112 are aligned with M-Slips 114 to maintain a smooth path for molar (SD) movement.

[0043] Referring now to FIG. 5, illustrate a left lateral view of the maxillary second molar tooth 504 in the bone of the maxilla 502 and the second mandibular molar 508 in the body of the mandible 506. In one embodiment the intermaxillary appliance is positioned betweenthe maxillary' and mandibular molar teeth. The posterior molar stop 208 is angled downward toward the mandibular teeth and only comes into contact with the mandibular second molar. The distal surface of the molar moves upward and forward. The posterior molar stop 208 is designed to be hard and smooth, allowing the mandibular second molar to slide upward and forward. The mandibular second molar cannot move backward and upward while swallowing. In the view that contact is restricted to the posterior tooth. The masseter muscle contracts more at the masseter muscle posterior attachment to the temporal bone, while the temporal muscle, located at the forward coronoid process, is less engaged in closing the jaws.

[0044] In this embodiment centric occlusion of dental structures, it has been observed that the condylar head 512 maintains a normative positioning within the mandibular fossa 514. The associated articular disc 516 is likewise positioned normally, with no displacement against the osseous structure of the mandibular fossa 514. During this configuration, the articular disc 516 is subjected to elongation as the condylar head moves (SD) within the mandibular fossa 514. The mandibular jaws are positioned in a standard centric occlusion alignment.

[0045] Upon the anterior translation of the molar teeth along the wedge 112. the condylar head 512 undergoes a forward and downward translation along the articular eminence 520 without surpassing the threshold of the articular tubercle 522. The synovial fluid 518 within the tw o compartments has undergone a redistribution. The lateral pterygoid muscle (SD) enters a state of relaxation as the condylar head attains contact with the articular tubercle 522. It is further noted that the contraction and relaxation cycles of the lateral pterygoid muscle (SD) are in an antiphase relationship relative to the masseter muscle activity.

[0046] In an embodiment, the operation of the intermaxillary occlusal (SD) appliance is disclosed includes The molar-stop engages the distal surface of the mandibular second molar teeth bilaterally when the jaws are closed. The cusps of the mandibular molars subsequently contact the anterior plane 208 of the molar-stop 108, resulting in an upw ard and forward sliding motion. An increase in the thickness of the w edges within the second molar region effectively enhances the separation between the maxillary and mandibular second molar teeth. The cusps of the mandibular molars further slide forward and downw ard along the inferior plane of the wedge 112. The lateral triangle plane defined bythe superior plane and inferior plane of the molar-slip wedges 110 exhibits a variable angle ranging from approximately ten to fifteen degrees.

[0047] Interposition of the intermaxillary appliance transfers the functional control of the temporomandibular joint from the condylar head 512 and mandibular fossa 514 to the mandibular second molar teeth. This adjustment causes the lower position of the second mandibular molar 508 to assume the functional role of the condylar head 512, while the wedges forward slope substitutes for the function of the articular eminence 520. Force transmission occurs exclusively between the maxillary and mandibular second molars, as the more anterior teeth do not establish contact. The remaining teeth are maintained in a slightly open position, analogous to the forward position of the condylar head. The temporal muscles exert minimal force through the coronoid process, while the masseter muscle, located externally on the ramus of the mandible 510, generates a reduced and vertical upw ard force on the second molars.

[0048] In the act of swallowing, the lips are sealed, and the mandible is rotated into a closed position through the action of the masticator muscles, resulting in centric occlusion (the normal condylar head position within the mandibular fossa). Elevation of the tongue toward the palate facilitates the clearance of the oral cavity, while the condylar head ascends and retreats within the mandibular fossa, inducing stretch in the lateral pterygoid muscle (SD). The circumferential pharyngeal muscles assist in propelling food into the esophagus. The condyle assumes a position of centric relation, with the condylar head situated up and back within the mandibular fossa. Following this, the primary muscle responsible for closing, the masseter muscle, undergoes relaxation. The lateral pterygoid muscle 112, once stretched, contracts, thereby advancing the condylar head forward and downw ard along the articular eminence of the temporal bone until reaching the articular tubercle. The articular disc concurrently moves forw ard with the condyle, after which the lateral ptery goid muscle relaxes, enabling the condylar head to achieve a state of translation.

[0049] Translational transformation constitutes the initial phase of jaw opening. This phase initiates with the condylar head 512 situated in the mandibular fossa 514 and concludes subsequent to sliding down the articular eminence 520 (SD) to the articular tubercle 522 (SD). Such sliding diminishes the upward and backward position beyond centric occlusion within the mandibular fossa. The lateral pterygoid muscle facilitates the downw ard andforward movement of the condylar head 512 along the articular eminence 520. This transformation not only lessens the contraction duration of the involved muscles but also diminishes the frequency of muscle spasms. The downward slope of the articular eminence 520 allows gravitational forces to assist in the descent of the condyle. The lateral pterygoid muscle propels the condylar head forward, creating a slight opening of the jaw that marks the initial phase of jaw opening, during which there is no contact between the maxillary and mandibular teeth.

[0050] Rotational transformation represents the secondary phase of jaw opening, commencing from the translational position. The center of rotation is defined as the point on the medial surface of the mandibular ramus where the sphenopalatine ligament connects to the bony lingula, located proximal to the inferior alveolar nerves opening and on the inside of the ramus of the mandible 510 on both left and right sides. (SD) The second molar teeth are situated closer to the center of rotation compared to the attachment of the stylomandibular ligament from the styloid process to the angle of the mandible. This configuration engenders a shorter fulcrum for rotational movement of the mandible, consequently reducing the physical exertion required by the muscles responsible for fully opening the jaws, while also mitigating the risk of spasms within the masticatory muscles.

[0051] Refernng now to FIG. 6. a top view of an exemplary intermaxillary occlusal molar appliance 600, is illustrated, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. The intermaxillary occlusal molar appliance encloses the tongue and prevents posterior movement of the tongue.

[0052] The semicircle structure is the impression tray 102 confines the tongue for preventing tongue from moving backward. The rectangular structured are molar bases (104, 106) bilateral to depress the mandibular second molars vertically in order to restrict superior displacement of the mandibular condyles within the mandibular (glenoid) fossa 514 for positioning the condylar heads 512 inferior to the eminences of the temporal bones.

[0053] Referring now to FIG. 7, illustrates lateral view of the intermaxillary occlusal molar appliance 100 in an enlarged scale, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. The U shaped molar impression tray 102 is designed to surround the upper molars and extends medially toward the palate for restricting the movement of tongue byforming a rigid boundary. The tray confines the tongue between the medial sides of the tray and the palatal roof for preventing excessive backward movement for limiting backward movement of mandibular condyles in glenoid fossae.

[0054] The bilateral rectangular molar bases (104, 106) are placed beneath the mandibular second molars to maintain their vertical position to prevent the mandibular second molars from being displaced upwards. The bases ensure that the mandibular condyles remain pressed downward in the glenoid fossae to prevent superior or posterior condylar displacement to maintain proper vertical positioning of the mandible so that the condylar heads stay situated below- the eminences of the temporal bones and provide a stable base to resist (SD) compressive forces exerted by occlusal pressure.

[0055] The bilateral rectangular molar stops (M-stops) 108 are barriers positioned posteriorly from (SD) the mandibular second molars to prevent the mandibular second molars from shifting backwards. The molar stop restricts the mandibular condyles to moving posteriorly and superiorly within the mandibular fossae for mandibular stability’ by preventing excessive posterior movement of the mandible.

[0056] The bilateral molar slip wedge 110 are inclined planes positioned to allow a controlled upward (SD) movement of the mandibular second molars (SD)and directing them tow ard an apex (highest point) between the slip wedges and subsequent slide wedges. The molar slip w edge 110 helps (SD) the condylar heads clear (SD) the articular eminences of the temporal bones.

[0057] The bilateral molar slide wedges (M-slides) 112 are inclined planes that rise from the apex created by the M-slips to guide the mandibular second molars downw ard (SD) for simulating the movement of the condylar heads reaching the articular eminences. The M- slides 112 facilitates the natural translation of the condyles over the eminences of the temporal bones and completes the biomechanical transition from a depressed condylar position to one where the condyles engage with the articular eminences.

[0058] Referring now to FIG. 8, illustrates a bottom view of intermaxillary occlusal molar appliance 100 in an enlarged scale, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. The appliance features a rectangular molar base 104, which serves to engageand stabilize the mandibular second molars in a vertically depressed position, preventing the condyles from shifting upward.

[0059] Adjacent to the molar base are bilateral molar stops 108, which act as barriers to restrict backward movement of the second molars, ensuring condylar stability within the mandibular fossae. Positioned next to the molar stops are molar slip wedges 110, which provide a gradual (SD) incline, directing the second molars toward a higher (SD) resting position. Following this, molar slide wedges 112 create an inclined plane (SD) , allowing controlled movement of the condyles while preventing excessive backward or upward displacement.

[0060] This strategic arrangement of components ensures that the condylar heads remain stabilized below the temporal eminences, reducing the risk of undesirable shifts and enhancing mandibular support.

[0061] In one embodiment, the molar-tray is made of a rigid or semi-rigid material to maintain structural integrity and functional stability.

[0062] In one embodiment, the appliance is designed to relieve or prevent TMJ (temporomandibular joint) symptoms. The appliance configured to reduce pressure between most of the maxillary (upper) and mandibular (lower) teeth. Only the maxillary and mandibular second molars have significant occlusal contact. The contact occurs in the posterior part of the jaws, where the lever arm is shorter for closing the teeth together. Fewer muscles are engaged when attempting to close the jaws. The temporalis muscle attached to the coronoid process is located in front of the masseter muscle and is not contracted unless the jaws are nearly closed.

[0063] The foregoing description of the specific embodiments will reveal the general nature of the embodiments herein that others can, by applying current knowledge, readily modify and / or adapt for various applications such specific embodiments without departing from the generic concept, and, therefore, such adaptations and modifications should and are intended to be comprehended within the meaning and range of equivalents of the disclosed embodiments.

[0064] It is to be understood that the phraseology or terminology employed herein is for the purpose of description and not of limitation. Therefore, while the embodiments hereinhave been described in terms of embodiments, those skilled in the art will recognize that the embodiments herein can be practiced with modification within the spirit and scope of the embodiments as described herein.

[0075] The foregoing description and accompanying figures illustrate the principles, embodiments and modes of operation of the invention. However, the invention should not be constmed as being limited to the particular embodiments discussed above. Additional variations of the embodiments discussed above will be appreciated by those skilled in the art.

[0076] Therefore, the above-described embodiments should be regarded as illustrative rather than restrictive. Accordingly, it should be appreciated that variations to those embodiments can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the following claims.

[0077] The terms ‘"comprises”, “comprising”, “includes”, “including”, “having” and their conjugates mean “including but not limited to” and indicate that the components listed are included, but not generally to the exclusion of other components. Such terms encompass the terms “consisting of’ and “consisting essentially of’.

[0078] As used herein, the singular form “a”, “an” and “the” may include plural references unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. For example, the term “a compound” or “at least one compound” may include a plurality of compounds, including mixtures thereof.

[0079] The word “exemplary” is used herein to mean “serving as an example, instance or illustration”. Any embodiment described as “exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or to exclude the incorporation of features from other embodiments.

[0080] The word “optionally” is used herein to mean “is provided in some embodiments and not provided in other embodiments”. Any particular embodiment of the disclosure may include a plurality of “optional” features unless such features conflict.

[0081] It is appreciated that certain features of the disclosure, which are, for clarity described in the context of separate embodiments, may also be provided in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features of the disclosure, which are, for brevity, described in the context of a single embodiment, may also be provided separately or in anysuitable sub-combination or as suitable in any other described embodiment of the disclosure. Certain features described in the context of various embodiments are not to be considered essential features of those embodiments, unless the embodiment is inoperative without those elements.

[0082] Although the disclosure has been described in conjunction with specific embodiments thereof, it is evident that many alternatives, modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Accordingly, it is intended to embrace all such alternatives, modifications and variations that fall within the spirit and broad scope of the disclosure.

Claims

CLAIMSWhat is Claimed is:

1. An occlusal molar appliance, comprising: a dental tray having a tab integrated at an outer anterior center point of a semicircle including a first end and a second end, the first and second ends extending posteriorly from the tab, the tray having an upper surface designed to engage with maxillary teeth of a user and an under surface; a first assembly of molar elements including a rectangular molar base having a top surface, a bottom surface, an anterior edge, a posterior edge and two opposing long edges, molar stop formed as a rectangular block having two long edges, two ends and two planar surfaces and is attached to the molar base via one of the long edges and is aligned with the posterior edge; a molar-slip wedge having a thick edge extending along a slope to a point edge and a first bottom planar surface having a first length, the molar slip wedge attached to the molar base at the bottom planar surface and the thick edge is aligned with the molar stop, a molar-slide wedge having a thick edge extending along a second slope to a second point edge and a second bottom planar surface having a second length, the molar-slide wedge attached to the top surface of the molar base via the second bottom planar surface and oriented so the point edge and the second point edge are adjacent to each other forming an apex, and a molar stop is ; and a second assembly of molar elements identical to the first assembly of molar elements; wherein the first assembly of molar elements is attached via the bottom surface of the rectangular base at the under surface of the dental tray at the first end and the second assembly is attached in kind to the undersurface of the dental tray at the second end.

2. The occlusal molar appliance of claim 1, wherein the apex formed in each of the first and second assemblies is designed to seat a mandibular molar.

3. The occlusal molar appliance of claim 1 wherein the molar impression tray comprises a rigid or semi-rigid material to maintain structural integrity while permitting controlled movement of the mandibular molars.

4. The occlusal molar appliance of claim 3, wherein the dental tray includes an outer ridge extending along a peripheral edge of the upper surface of the semicircle.

5. The occlusal molar appliance of claim 3 wherein a cutout area is formed by the semicircle enabled to seat a user’s tongue.

6. The occlusal molar appliance of claim 1, wherein the molar stop and the molar-slip wedge, when assembled to the molar base have a same height.

7. The occlusal molar appliance of claim 1, wherein the first length of the molar-slip is less than the second length of the molar-slide.

8. The occlusal molar appliance of claim 2, wherein the apex holding the mandibular molar in place enables a mandibular position that stimulates relaxation of muscles of mastication of a user.

9. The occlusal molar appliance of claim 2, wherein the molar stop serves as an extension and is designed to limit posterior displacement of the mandibular molar.

10. The occlusal molar appliance of claim 3, wherein the relaxed masseter muscle prevents distortion of pain receptors in the surrounding fascia.

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