Beam hopping pattern indication of non-terrestrial network (NTN)
The beam hopping pattern indication mechanism in UEs and NTN base stations addresses power and bandwidth limitations in NTN by optimizing beam activation and deactivation, enhancing DL coverage and energy efficiency for UEs in non-terrestrial networks.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2024/110704
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-08
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-12
AI Technical Summary
Non-terrestrial networks (NTN) face challenges in ensuring simultaneous activation of all satellite beams due to power and feeder link bandwidth limitations, leading to incomplete coverage and suboptimal DL coverage for user equipment (UEs), particularly for handsets with limited antenna gain.
Implementing a beam hopping pattern indication mechanism in UEs and NTN base stations, where UEs receive configurations for active and non-active beam footprints based on synchronization signal block (SSB) periodicity, bitmap, or start and length indicator values (SLIV), allowing dynamic power sharing and energy-efficient operation.
Enhances DL coverage by optimizing power sharing between satellite beams, ensuring all UEs are served, maximizing throughput, and reducing network energy consumption through flexible beam hopping patterns.
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Figure CN2024110704_12022026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
BEAM HOPPING PATTERN INDICATION OF NON-TERRESTRIAL NETWORK (NTN)FIELD
[0001] The present disclosure is related to wireless technology and beam hopping pattern indications of a non-terrestrial network (NTN) .BACKGROUND
[0002] Non-terrestrial networks include communication nodes that are located above the earth’s surface. These nodes may be orbiting the earth or flying or hovering over some region of the earth. Mobile communication in the next generation wireless communication system, 5G, or new radio (NR) network will provide ubiquitous connectivity and access to information, as well as ability to share data, around the globe. For example, some wireless communication networks (e.g., fifth generation (5G) or new radio (NR) networks) may be developed to include non-terrestrial networks (NTN) comprising one or more satellites. In such scenarios, the satellites may operate as transparent network nodes linking user equipment (UEs) with a ground-based portions of the network, such as base stations and core network (CN) .BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0003] FIG. 1 illustrates an example non-terrestrial network (NTN) configuration of beam hopping pattern operations in accordance with various aspects.
[0004] FIG. 2 illustrates an example process flow for NTN beam hopping operations in accordance with various aspects or examples.
[0005] FIG. 3 illustrates another example NTN configuration of beam hopping pattern operations in accordance with various aspects.
[0006] FIG. 4 illustrates another example NTN configuration of cell and beam hopping pattern operations in accordance with various aspects.
[0007] FIG. 5 illustrates an example NTN configuration of an indication for a beam hopping pattern in accordance with various aspects.
[0008] FIG. 6 illustrates an example NTN configuration of an indication for the activation / deactivation of one or more beam hopping patterns in accordance with various aspects.
[0009] FIG. 7 illustrates another example NTN configuration of an indication for a beam hopping pattern in accordance with various aspects.
[0010] FIG. 8 illustrates another example signaling flow for an NTN configuration of a beam hopping pattern in accordance with various aspects.
[0011] FIG. 9 illustrates an example process flow for beam hopping operations in accordance with various aspects or examples.
[0012] FIG. 10 illustrates an exemplary block diagram illustrating an example of UEs communicatively coupled a network with network components as peer devices useable in connection with various aspects described herein.
[0013] FIG. 11 illustrates an example simplified block diagram of a UE wireless communication device or other network device / component (e.g., base station, eNB, gNB) in accordance with various aspects.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0014] The following detailed description refers to the accompanying drawings. Like reference numbers in different drawings may identify the same or similar features, elements, operations, etc. Additionally, the present disclosure is not limited to the following description as other implementations may be utilized, and structural or logical changes made, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.
[0015] Various enhancements include the system level and the link level for downlink (DL) coverage targeting support of additional reference satellite parameters that covers both geosynchronous orbit (GSO) and non-geostationary orbits (NGSO) constellations operating in frequency range 1 (FR1) –non-terrestrial network (NTN) or frequency range 2 (FR2) -NTN. Aspects include the system level enhancements for FR1-NTN / FR2-NTN to enable dynamic and flexible power sharing between satellite beams or different satellite beam patterns / sizes (i.e., wide or narrow) across a satellite beam footprint.
[0016] Satellites (e.g., Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites, NGSO satellites, or other satellites) can have a much larger coverage area (e.g., millions of square kilometers) than a standard grounded base station. Within a satellite coverage area, thousands of beam footprints can be generated by beams to cover particular areas (e.g., about 25 km to 30 km in diameter) of a satellite cell. However, due to satellite limitations, the beam footprints within a satellite cell may not be simultaneously served in a satellite cell footprint (coverage area) . The satellite can thus operate beam hopping so that some beam footprints are served at a time with activated beams at a time in a satellite cell, while other beam footprints are served at another time, in a round-robin sequence until all beam footprints are activated and served over a period of time. For example, while one beam footprint can be activated during one period of time, another beam footprint can be active at another duration of time, while others are non-active (inactive) , or reduced in power, in a beam hopping pattern or sequence for NTN. As such, a demand exists for a user equipment (UE) seeking coverage in NTN to be configured with an indication of the beam hopping pattern in order to transmit and receive effectively and efficiently within the network.
[0017] In particular, a dynamic power sharing among satellite beams of a satellite cell in NTN provides motivation for DL coverage enhancement with satellite payload parameters when beams may not all simultaneously be active or below a nominal Equivalent Isotropic Radiated Power (EIRP) density per satellite beam due to a limited power or limited feeder link bandwidth. Such DL coverage enhancement, includes offering optimized performance especially when addressing handset terminals (including smartphones with -5.5 dBi antenna gain) with respect to DL coverage considering the NTN deployment constraints such as payload power limitation, a large satellite footprint or limited feeder link bandwidth.
[0018] Additionally, DL coverage enhancements are demanded to accommodate satellite payload constraints, which may be unable to have all its beams active with the 《nominal》 EIRP density per beam at a given time due to limited power and limited feeder link bandwidth. DL coverage enhancement is demanded to maximize the number of beams that can be activated simultaneously, ensuring that all user terminals, or UEs, can be served across the satellite cell, while maximizing the overall satellite throughput; this can include ensuring that all satellite’s radio cells are kept alive even without traffic, but still allow new users or UEs to join and prevent impact on end-user quality of service (QoS) in the network. Consequently, in order to ensure system level support of an efficient dynamic and flexible power sharing between beams and different beam patterns / size across the satellite footprint for FR1-NTN and FR2-NTN, beam hopping can be configured so that UEs facilitate activation / deactivation of the particular beam hopping patterns accordingly.
[0019] In various aspects, techniques are configured in the UE and NTN base station for a beam hopping pattern indication of one or more beam hopping patterns, so that the UE and the NTN are mutually configured with information regarding when a beam footprint for coverage is active and non-active in beam hopping, what the level of non-activation is, and whether feedback or other signaling is enabled or demanded, for example.
[0020] In an aspect, the UE can receive a configuration of a beam hopping pattern from the NTN network, which can include an indication of the particular beam hopping pattern being configured by the network. Additionally, the UE can be configured to activate / deactivate the beam hopping pattern in response to receiving an activation or deactivation indication / command. In this manner, the UE can receive DL data and transmit UL data based on the beam hopping pattern indicated and a corresponding activation of that beam hopping pattern (e.g., within active / non-active durations) .
[0021] Techniques herein can also further network energy savings. Because particular transmissions consume larger amounts of energy over the NW than others, focusing on different beam hopping patterns and enabling certain signals that can be transmitted / received in certain beam hopping patterns (e.g., a soft beam hopping pattern or an “on-demand” beam hopping pattern) , network energy saving can be optimized. For example, the network (NW) can configure an on-demand beam hopping pattern, along with on-demand transmission / reception by triggering (activating / enabling) one or more UEs to receive transmissions by on-demand operations, as well by signaling the UEs to stop or deactivate transmission / reception, or implicitly ceasing energy consuming operations after a duration. Other beam hopping patterns are also included.
[0022] In an aspect, a beam hopping pattern can be indicated by beam hopping pattern configuration information or other indications based on a synchronization signal block (SSB) periodicity. An SSB refers to a synchronization signal (SS) / physical broadcast channel (PBCH) information. The SSB contains the primary synchronization signal (PSS) and the secondary synchronization signal (SSS) for synchronization as an initial action to access the NW. The SSB provides the timing and frequency synchronization for the cell, also containing the PBCH that includes the master information block (MIB) . The MIB further includes information broadcast in the NW cell regarding the cell configuration and other information for wireless communication with the base station. The system information block 1 (SIB1) or other SIBS can include other important information for NW operation that contains the physical random access channel (PRACH) configuration information element (IE) , and other information for a Random Access (RA) channel procedure to attach or connect to the NW and request uplink (UL) resources to send data, for example. However, the SSB / SIB1 transmission are performed with a periodicity or periodically. The SSB for enabling initial access, for example, can be at about 20 milliseconds (ms) , while the SIB1 is being transmitted by the NW with different periodicities, such as 40 ms, 80 ms, 160 ms, 320, etc., for example. If the UE is not aware of an extended SSB (e.g., 40 ms, 80 ms, 160 ms, 320, etc. ) , the UE potentially may not be able to discover important system information during a beam hopping pattern.
[0023] In another aspect, a bitmap, or a start and length indicator value (SLIV) , can be used to indicate a beam hopping pattern to the UE. The UE can receive an indication of a beam hopping pattern such as a bitmap or the SLIV to indicate a cell specific or a beam specific discontinuous transmission (DTX) / discontinuous reception (DRX) . In response to the beam hopping pattern being indicated by a bitmap, or the SLIV, the UE can use the bitmap to obtain a length of a beam hopping duration and an SSB periodicity. The bitmap can be used to indicate whether, or when, an NTN satellite beam covers a current beam footprint within the SSB periodicity for the UEs current location. If the SSB periodicity is divided by the beam hopping duration (e.g., a minimum beam hopping duration) , then each bit in the bitmap can be configured to indicate whether an active beam serves the current beam footprint of the UE or not, in an active duration or non-active duration. Alternatively, or additionally, in response to the beam hopping pattern being indicated by a SLIV with a starting point (slot index) and a duration (number of slots) , the UE can use the SLIV value based on the SSB periodicity and a beam hopping minimum duration to determine coverage periods in the beam hopping pattern.
[0024] In further aspects, the UE can receive an activation / deactivation indication of a single beam hopping pattern that is based on the indication or configuration information of the beam hopping pattern. In this case, the activation / deactivation can be indicated according to a single bit. Alternatively, or additionally, where multiple configurations or indications of beam hopping patterns are provided, multiple bits can be used to indicate which beam hopping pattern is being activated or deactivated. The activation / deactivation indication (s) can be provided by a radio resource control (RRC) signaling, a system information block (SIB) configuration, or a group common downlink control information (DCI) , in some example aspects. Additional aspects and details of the disclosure are further described below with reference to figures.
[0025] FIG. 1 illustrates an example beam hopping pattern 100 with an NTN satellite that can include at least one or more components of a base station. The NTN satellite 160 can operate to provide coverage to a satellite cell including a group of beams providing beam footprints 102, 104 and 106, respectively, and provide wireless communication and data access to UEs within a location or area of each beam footprint within a cell. NTN satellite 160 is not necessarily dependent on Earth’s terrestrial infrastructure for connectivity, and thus, operate to improve global communication coverage in remote or underserved areas, and can include components of a base station, in whole, or in part with distributed units communicatively coupled to a radio access node or the like on the ground as co-located infrastructure.
[0026] At each time unit or period of time (e.g., Time unit #1, Time unit #2, Time unit #3) , FIG. 1 illustrates a different beam footprint being activated by a satellite beam. At each time period, the NTN satellite 160 serves only one footprint in this particular example, while the other two beam footprints are not able to transmit or receive at that same time period or time unit when those beam footprints a non-active (inactive) for transmission and reception. In this example, at Time Unit #1 a beam that provides the beam footprint 102 is activated, in which a UE 110 in this location or coverage area can operate to transmit / receive within the beam footprint 102, while the other two beam footprints (e.g., 104 and 106) are non-active within the same Time Unit #1. At Time Unit #2, the beam footprint 102 is no longer active, while another beam footprint 104 is activated for transmission and reception for UEs in this coverage. Likewise, at Time Unit #3 beam footprints 102 and 104 are non-active while beam footprint 106 is activated. At Time Unit #4, the sequence pattern of the beam hopping pattern repeats with beam footprint 102 activated again, while the other beam footprints 104 and 106 become non-active where UEs in these beam coverages are not operable to transmit or receive, with or without operating in DTX / DRX.
[0027] Although only three beam footprints are illustrated at each time unit, in this example, with one activated and two non-activated, the number of each are not necessarily limited in this disclosure and any number of activated and non-activated beams could be configured within time unit and sequence of a beam hopping pattern by the NTN satellite 160 herein. For example, a different number of beams than one can be activated while another number of beams than two can be non-active. In particular, a first set of one or more beams could be active at any one Time Unit (e.g., a time period or duration) , while another set of one or more other beams become active in another time period and the first set of one or more beams are made non-active within a beam hopping pattern or a beam hopping sequence. Thus, aspects of beam energy hopping in this disclosure are not limited to only three beams, but can include any number of beams (e.g., a thousand beams) with different numbers of beams becoming active at any one time unit, while others are non-active or inactivate; then repeating in a sequence along a timeline until all beam footprints are covered, and repeating the beam hopping pattern, for example.
[0028] FIG. 2 illustrates an example process flow 200 of a UE behavior for enabling one or more beam hopping patterns in an NTN. At 210, the process flow 200 initiates with the UE 110 receiving and processing an indication of a beam hopping pattern configuration. A UE 110, for example, can receive an indication as a bitmap, an SLIV, or other indication from the satellite base station to indicate a particular beam hopping pattern that the network is going to use. The UE 110 receives the indication of the beam hopping pattern to determine whether the UE 110 is in an active or non-active beam footprint at any given time unit or period of time be able to receive or transmit, either explicitly or implicitly derived from the indication provided.
[0029] Each beam hopping pattern can be configured based on an SSB periodicity (e.g., 20 ms, or other periodicity or duration length) . In an aspect, the UE 110 can be configured to receive an indication of the beam hopping pattern or beam hopping pattern configuration from the network or satellite base station. This indication can be a bitmap, a SLIV, other parameter (s) , or indication, for example. Regardless, of the type of indication received, each indication can indicate one or more configurations that in turn can be applied to derive beam hopping patterns. For example, each bitmap, or SLIV, can be associated with a particular location, beam area or beam footprint to cover the whole NTN satellite or a part of it. The indication of the beam hopping pattern can be provided, for example, in at least one of: an RRC signaling, higher layer signaling, a SIB1, a SIB19, or other SIB, together with or a part from a list of configurations of one or more beam hopping patterns for each beam footprint provided to the UE by the NTN satellite 160.
[0030] In an aspect, a bitmap can be used to indicate whether the satellite beam covers the current beam footprint within the SSB periodicity at any one or more time units. The UE 110 can determine the beam hopping pattern sequence based on the indication, a bitmap length, and an SSB periodicity. The bitmap length can be equal to the SSB periodicity divided by a beam hopping duration (e.g., a minimum beam hopping duration) . For example, the bitmap length could be equal to 20, where a beam hopping minimum duration is equal to 1 millisecond (ms) , or equal to one slot, for example, and an SSB periodicity is 20 ms. In another example, the bitmap length could be equal to 160, where a beam hopping minimum duration is equal to 1 millisecond (ms) , or equal to one slot, for example, and an SSB periodicity is 160 ms. In another example, the bitmap length could be equal to 8, where a beam hopping minimum duration is equal to 20 millisecond (ms) , or equal to one slot, for example, and an SSB periodicity is 160 ms. A bit value (e.g., “1” ) in a slot of the bitmap can indicate that an active beam serves the current beam footprint (abeam footprint the UE is operating within) in the corresponding beam hopping minimum duration with the SSB periodicity. Likewise, a bit value (e.g., “0” ) in the bitmap can indicate that an active beam does not serve a current beam footprint in this slot of time pf the corresponding beam hopping minimum time duration within an SSB periodicity.
[0031] Alternatively, or additionally, the indication of a beam hopping pattern can be a SLIV indicating a starting point (slot) and a duration (number of slots) of a beam duration. The SLIV value can be used based on the SSB periodicity and the beam hopping minimum duration, from which the UE 110 can determine the beam hopping pattern or sequence and whether the coverage sequence for transmission and reception.
[0032] The process flow 200 continues at 220 with receiving and processing an activation / deactivation of a beam hopping pattern indicated at 210. For example, the UE 110 can receive a single configuration or activation / deactivation indication of a beam hopping pattern at 210. In this example, a single bit can be provided by the NTN satellite to activate or deactivate the beam hopping pattern that was indicated at 210 of FIG. 2. Alternatively, or additionally, multiple configurations of a beam hopping patterns can be activated or deactivated by multiple bit indications, especially where the indication at 210 has indicated various beam hopping patterns.
[0033] In an aspect, a group common DCI can be used to provide the activation (s) / deactivation (s) that activate / deactivate a beam hopping pattern for a beam footprint. The group common DCI can activate / deactivate one or more beam hopping patterns for beam footprints of one or more NTN satellite cells. For activation / deactivation of one or more beam hopping patterns of one or more cells, a cell index and a beam footprint index can be provided by a higher layer signaling, or directly without RRC / SIB configurations.
[0034] The cell index, for example, can be provided in a parameter such as a position in a DCI for beam hopping (e.g., positionInDCI-beamhopping or other parameter of an information element) , while the beam footprint index can be provided as another parameter (e.g., parameter Y, or other parameter) . From the cell index and beam footprint index, the UE 110 can obtain the starting bit position in the group common DCI for its located beam footprint to determine activation / deactivation (not in use) . The following representation can be determined by the UE 110 for this purpose: (positionInDCI-beamhopping + (Y-1) *X) , where the parameter positionInDCI-beamhopping is provided by higher layers for the UE 110, which corresponds to the corresponding cell, and X depends on, or equals, the number of configurations of beam hopping patterns. If a single configuration is provided, X = 1; where if multiple configurations are provide, X depends on (e.g., equals) the number of beam hopping pattern configurations indicated. When a single configuration is indicated for a single hopping pattern to be activated, a single bit can be used to indicate whether the beam hopping is activate or deactivated for the beam footprint the UE 110 is located. The bit value of the bit could be one (e.g. “1” ) , to indicate an activation of beam hopping pattern; otherwise, this beam hopping pattern is deactivated (e.g., where the bit value is “0” ) . When multiple configurations for activation / deactivation, X bits in the DCI (e.g., a group common DCI, other DCI, or other signaling) can be used to determine which configuration is being activated or deactivated, for example.
[0035] Once the UE 110 receives the activation, the UE 110 can perform DL / UL data reception in the particular time unit (s) based on the current location or beam footprint of the UE 110, and the UE can operate according to which beam hopping pattern is expected based on the beam hopping pattern (s) indication. The process flow 200 then proceeds at 230 with the UE 110 transmitting or receiving data in a duration (e.g., an active duration (L) 302, 306 / non-active duration (P-L) 304, 308 of FIG. 3) of a beam when applying the beam hopping pattern based on configured UE behavior, as further illustrated and described in reference to FIG. 3.
[0036] FIG. 3 illustrates example signaling patterns 300 a beam hopping pattern that includes an active duration (L) 302, 306 when a beam is powered on or providing coverage for the beam footprint of a UE and a non-active duration 304, 306 when the beam is powered off (not providing coverage) for the beam footprint of the UE 110. The UE can receive downlink data and transmits uplink data only in the active duration of the beam footprint where is located in the beam hopping pattern. The UE then does not monitor or expect to receive broadcast or unicast downlink signals in the non-active duration of beam hopping, including reception as allowed in a cell DTX non-active period, including a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) for a random access response (RAR) and a message 4 (Msg 4) in a random access procedure, a PDCCH when a retransmission timer is running, a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) scheduled by a dynamic grant (DG) received by the UE, or a SIB reception, for example.
[0037] Further, the UE is also not configured to transmit on a non-active duration of the beam hopping pattern, including any functionality enabled or allowed in a cell DRX non-active period when the base station is powered off (not providing coverage) or reduced in power for the cell, including a sounding reference signal (SRS) for positioning, a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) acknowledgment (ACK) of a DG grant being received as DL HARQ feedback, a HARQ-ACK of a semi-persistent scheduling (SPS) PDSCH transmitted, a HARQ-ACK of a DCI format without scheduling a PDSCH, a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) scheduled by a DG grant received, or a physical random access channel (PRACH) and a message 3 (Msg 3) PUSCH, for example.
[0038] The signals described above in relation to a cell DTX non-active duration and a cell DRX non-active period are not able to be received or transmitted in a beam specific DTX DRX non-active period where no activation or satellite cell coverage is being provided at a beam footprint within the beam hopping pattern. However, in a configuration of a periodic cell DTX / DRX, such signals can be signaled in a terrestrial network where a network energy savings is a main network objective, compared to a beam specific DTX / DRX where cell coverage is not necessarily provide for the UE at a beam footprint that is non-active.
[0039] A periodic cell DTX / DRX configuration can be explicitly signaled to the UEs by UE specific RRC signaling. The cell DTX / DRX configuration, in particular, is per serving cell, and contains at least: a periodicity, start slot / offset, and an on duration. Separate DTX and DRX configurations can be configured by the network to the UE for activation / deactivation of cell DTX / DRX. Cell DTX / DRX can be also be activated / deactivated implicitly by RRC signaling (activated immediately once configured by RRC and deactivated once the RRC configuration is released) . A group common layer one (L1) signaling using PDCCH can be configured for cell DTX / DRX activation and deactivation without HARQ feedback, which can be configured due to benefits of signaling overhead reduction and more dynamic change than RRC. Such group common L1 signaling can be based on or subject to a UE capability (hardware, firmware, RF chain (s) , etc. ) .
[0040] For cell DTX, a UE (e.g., UE 110) supporting cell DTX does not expect to receive / process the following during non-active periods of cell DTX: a periodic / semi-persistent channel status information (CSI) reference signal (RS) (CSI-RS) configured in CSI report configuration in a CSI report configuration (CSI-ReportConfig) with a report quantity (reportQuantity) including rank indication (RI) (for CSI reporting) ; PDCCHs associated with DCI format 2_0 thru DCI Format 2_5; PDCCH for dynamic grants / assignments for new transmissions; or SPS occasions. During non-active periods of cell DTX, the UE can still monitor the following: PDCCH for RAR and Msg 4; when a retransmission timer is operating (where connected mode C-DRX is configured) ; PDCCH regardless of the cell DTX; or PDSCH scheduled by DG grant received (including DL HARQ feedback) . When a DG grant is received, by the gNB or base station during cell DRX / DTX, the UE follows the grant assignment (i.e. like in legacy operation) .
[0041] For cell DRX, during non-active periods of cell DRX, the UE configured for cell DRX is not expected to transmit the following: a periodic / semi-persistent CSI report; a periodic / semi-persistent SRS except for SRS positioning; configured grant (CG) occasions; or a scheduling request (SR) occasions overlapping with cell DRX non-active periods (e.g. SR transmissions are dropped during the non-active period) . If SR is not to be transmitted on a PUCCH occasion during Cell DRX non-active time, the UE keep the SR pending (the UE delays the SR transmission till the Cell DRX active period without triggering RACH) . Additionally, the UE can still transmit the following non-active period of cell DRX: an SRS for positioning; HARQ-ACK of a DG grant received (including DL HARQ feedback) ; HARQ-ACK of a SPS PDSCH transmitted; HARQ-ACK of a DCI format without scheduling a PDSCH; PUSCH scheduled by a DG grant received (including DL HARQ feedback) .
[0042] In contrast to cell DTX / DRX, a beam specific or beam DTX / DRX where beam hopping is configured, the cell DRX / DTX signaling allowed or enabled is not necessarily enabled for the UE, if the beam footprint is non-active during non-active durations of the beam hopping pattern. The UE 110, for example, is not expected to transmit or receive signals where no beam footprint is being active for its location or beam footprint area.
[0043] FIG. 4 illustrates an example of cell specific and beam specific DTX / DRX operations 400. A UE 110 can be configured to perform cell specific DTX / DRX operations 410, beam specific DTX / DRX operations 420, or a combination of cell DTX / DRX and beam DTX / DRX operations with the NTN satellite 160. The NTN satellite 160 or satellite base station can configure energy beam hopping among cells, as well as among beams. NTN beam operations differ somewhat from cell DTX / DRX operations alone because in NTN the NTN satellite 160 does not necessarily transmit on all the beams of a cell simultaneously by performing beam hopping, as discussed above. During the non-active duration of a beam, the beam is effectively powered off without any signaling (e.g., a SSB, reference signals, or other signaling) being transmitted or received by the satellite 160 base station or by the UE 110 within the beam footprint. Therefore, the satellite 160 base station can be configured to provide an indication to the UEs of a beam hopping pattern, along with when, or which, configuration to activate / deactivate, in order to be more power efficient within certain time units for its current beam footprint.
[0044] As illustrated for cell specific DTX / DRX operations 410, the NTN satellite 160 provides service (coverage) to three different cells 402, 404, and 406, each cell with three different beam footprints within it, for example. A set of three beam footprints of each cell 402, 404, and 406 are located within the respective cell. In this example, three beam footprints of a cell (e.g., cell 402) are active at a particular time unit, while other beam footprints of other cells (e.g., cell 404 and 406) may not be active, but in a non-active duration of the cell DTX / DRX operations 410. The cell DTX / DRX operations 410 are not as accurate to UEs residing in or located within the beam footprints of the cells themselves, compared to the beam DTX / DRX operations 420 where beams themselves undergo beam hopping for their corresponding beam footprints in a cell.
[0045] As such, the NTN satellite 160 can additionally, or alternatively, configure beam level DTX / DRX operations 420 so that at a time unit in cell 412, a beam footprint 422 is activated within the cell 412, while other beam footprints 426, 424 of the cell 412 are not in an active mode, but are in a non-active mode. The beams are in a beam specific DTX / DRX mode for beam hopping, so that subsequently and sequentially the beam footprint 424 can be in an active mode while the other beams 422 and 426 are in a non-active mode. The beam DTX / DRX operations 420 operate at the beam level, rather than at the cell level. The cell level DTX DRX operations 410 can still be utilized or configured by the NTN satellite 160, but not as accurately or as at such a granular level as beam DTX DRX operations 420. Accordingly, the UEs can be configured to perform a cell specific DTX / DRX, a beam specific DTX / DRX within a cell based on the beam hopping pattern of the indication, or both, in response to an activation indication / deactivation indication from the NTN.
[0046] FIG. 5 illustrates an example bitmap 500 of a beam hopping pattern indication from the NTN satellite 160 to a UE 110 as received and processed by the UE 110 at 210 of FIG. 2, for example. A beam hopping pattern can be configured based on an SSB periodicity (e.g., 20 ms or other duration) when the UE receives the indication of the configuration of a beam hopping pattern from the NTN satellite 160. The bitmap 500 indicates whether a satellite beam from the NTN satellite 160 covers a current beam footprint within a beam hopping pattern based on a bitmap length, a minimum beam hopping duration and an SSB periodicity that a beam hopping patters is based on. A current beam footprint refers to a beam footprint that is current to a particular UE or a beam footprint that UE is located within, for example. The UE 110 can determine the bitmap length according to the SSB periodicity divided by a beam hopping minimum duration. The bitmap can be signaled in a container comprising a SIB1, a SIB 19 for NTN, a different SIB, RRC signaling or a higher layer signaling. When the container is a SIB, a list of beam hopping pattern configurations could be also provided to each beam footprint.
[0047] In an example, where a beam hopping duration is 1 ms, or 1 slot of duration, and the SSB periodicity is 20 ms, then the bitmap length can be 20. A bit value (e.g., “1” ) in the bitmap 500 can indicate that an active beam serves the current beam footprint of the UE 110 for this slot in a corresponding beam hopping duration or a beam hopping minimum duration with the SSB periodicity. Thus, each slot with a one (e.g., “1” ) bit value, for example, can indicate that for this minimum duration or slot, an active beam serves the beam footprint of the UE 110. Likewise, a bit value of zero in the bitmap can indicate that an active beam does not serve the UE’s current beam footprint or location area for the corresponding beam hopping duration within the SSB periodicity. Alternatively, a bit value of one could indicate that the beam footprint is not being served, while a bit value of zero indicates that it is being served within this duration or slot. Each bitmap 500 provided by the NTN satellite 160 to the UE 110 can be associated with a location / area / beam footprint, or cell, to cover the entire NTN satellite coverage area. Multiple configurations could be applied, where each bitmap is associated with a location (beam footprint) , or cell, to cover the entire NTN satellite coverage.
[0048] Alternatively, the beam hopping pattern indication can be a SLIV to indicate a starting point and duration indication for indicting the duration and when a beam actively serves the beam footprint of the UE 110 or not. In the example of FIG. 5, the coverage starts at slot #5 and ends at slot #15 in a coverage along a continuous number of slots. The SLIV can thus indicate a duration of 8 slots starting at slot #5 and ending at slot #5. The SLIV value can be used by the UE 110 to determine the beam hopping pattern based on the SSB periodicity configured and a beam hopping minimum duration. The bitmap or a SLIV can be broadcast by the network through a SIB1, a SIB 19 for NTN, a different SIB, RRC signaling, or higher layer signaling, for example, and each be provided to indicate the pattern of multiple beam hopping pattern as well.
[0049] FIG. 6 illustrates an example of an activation / deactivation indication 600 for beam DTX / DRX operations. When multiple beam hopping pattern configurations are provided to the UE 110 by the NTN satellite 160, multiple bits can indicate which beam hopping pattern configuration is activated or deactivated. The activation / deactivation indication 600 can be provided in a group common DCI, as with a cell specific DTX / DRX signaling. The activation or deactivation indication (s) of the beam hopping pattern can be within the DCI and for indicating activation / deactivation of one or more beam hopping patterns for multiple beam footprints of one or more cells in the same DCI. As such, a single DCI broadcast can provide a list of the activation or deactivation of the beam hopping pattern for different beam footprints or different cells.
[0050] In particular, a cell index can be provided by a higher layer signaling to each UE 110 with a parameter (e.g., a positioninDCI-beamhopping parameter) . This parameter can indicate according to the index which cell grouping (e.g., Cell 1, Cell 2 .. . Cell N) in the DCI applies to the UE 110. Thus, if the cell index is Cell #1, the UE 110 can determine the group of beam footprints (BF1, BF2, etc. ) in the DCI apply to activation / deactivation of a beam hopping pattern within a corresponding cell.
[0051] Additionally, a beam footprint index can also be provided to each UE by higher layer signaling, for example, as a parameter Y. In response to the UE 110 receiving and processing the cell index, the beam footprint index and the group common DCI, the UE 110 can determine the starting location of the cell index (e.g. cell #1) in the group common DCI and within this cell information determine the position of the beam footprint (BF) corresponding to the UE’s current beam footprint within the group of BFs in the corresponding cell for determining activation / deactivation of the energy beam pattern indication for its beam footprint. In this manner, the UE 110 can activate / deactivate the beam hopping pattern configuration indicated (e.g. the bitmap 500 of FIG. 5) based on the position in the DCI for beam hopping activation / deactivation and the UE’s cell location depending on the number of configurations.
[0052] From the cell index and beam footprint index, the UE 110 can obtain the starting bit position or location 602 in the group common DCI for its located beam footprint. The following representation can be used for such determination by the UE 110 for this purpose: (positionInDCI-beamhopping + (Y -1) *X) , where the parameter positionInDCI-beamhopping is provided by higher layers for the UE 110, which corresponds to the corresponding cell, and X depends on, or equals, the number of configurations of beam hopping patterns. If only one configuration for a beam hopping pattern is previously indicated, then only one location within the DCI is used to determine activation / deactivation of the beam hopping pattern, for example. In this case, the UE is located in the cell with a cell index of Cell 1 and the fifth slot position can include a bit, or bits, to indicate an activation (e.g., “1” ) , or a deactivation (e.g., “0” ) of beam hopping operation. If multiple beam hopping patterns are provided, then X bits in the DCI can be used to determine which configuration or pattern is activated or otherwise deactivated.
[0053] Alternatively, or additionally, more locations could be provided to the UE, each with one or more bits within an activation or deactivation indication for example. This provides the network a dynamic mechanism for adjusting activation / deactivation of one or more beam hopping patterns. Alternatively, or additionally, the UE could receive from the NTN satellite 160 a beam hopping pattern activation / deactivation directly from the RRC signaling or SIB configuration, for example.
[0054] In an aspect, as described in reference to act 230 of process flow 200 of FIG. 2, the UE behavior can be further defined in response to an activation / deactivate of the current beam footprint of the UE. In response to the UE receiving downlink data and transmit data in an active duration of the beam hopping pattern only, the UE does not monitor for broadcast or unicast signals during this time and does not transmit any uplink signals; this is especially when no coverage is being provided and the beam footprint is not served for coverage at all in a non-active duration, including the reception signals enabled in a cell DTX non-active period, namely PDCCH for RAR, PDCCH Msg 4 in a random access procedure, a PDCCH when a retransmission timer is executed, a PDSCH scheduled by a DG received by the UE, and a SIB reception. This also includes the transmission enabled in a cell DRX non-active period when the base station is powered off (not providing coverage) for cell DRX, including SRS) for positioning, HARQ-ACK of a DG grant being received as DL HARQ feedback, a HARQ-ACK of an SPS PDSCH transmitted, HARQ-ACK of a DCI format without scheduling a PDSCH, PUSCH scheduled by a DG grant received, PRACH and a message 3 (Msg 3) PUSCH. Thus, the UE would not transmit or receive any of these signals enabled in cell DTX / DRX for any beam DTX / DRX operations in the non-active durations of a beam hopping pattern.
[0055] FIG. 7 illustrates another example of an indication of a beam hopping pattern configuration 700 that can be an aspect of the operation or act 210 in the process flow 200 of FIG. 2 where an indication of a beam hopping pattern is provided, and received / process by the UE 110. The indication 702 can be provided by the NTN satellite 160 base station to indicate one or more energy beam pattern configurations, including, but not limited to, a beam hopping pattern (BHP) as described herein, or a different energy beam hopping pattern such as a soft BHP or an on-demand BHP.
[0056] As described above, a BHP can include an active duration and a non-active duration in a beam footprint for UE 110, where no transmission or reception occurs at the non-active duration. Alternatively, or additionally, a soft BHP can be indicated for activation / deactivation subsequently, or concurrently, when instead of a non-activation duration, the whole satellite beam is not available for a particular beam footprint or beam coverage area. Here, the number of beams activated may be able to provide coverage in the cell, but a total transmission power of the satellite could become limited such that a whole satellite beam is not necessarily available at an area of the beam footprint or the beam footprint itself.
[0057] For example, the NTN satellite 160 uses a solar panel to provide its power or the energy, but the solar panel may have some capacity limitations, either temporarily or permanently, so the total transmission power of the satellite could become limited. In this case, the satellite itself is limited rather than with the BHP described in FIG. 2 where the RF chain of the NTN satellite alters directions for different beam footprints to become active or non-active. Additionally, the NTN satellite 160 may have RF processing chains for available capacity, however, the transmission power becomes limited so that simultaneously the NTN satellite 160 may not have a full or total power transmission for one or more certain beam footprints. In either of these scenarios, a soft hopping beam pattern can be utilized by the network or NTN satellite 160 to optimize beam coverage in a cell.
[0058] In an aspect, the NTN satellite 160 can be configured to provide an indication 702 to explicitly indicate a soft BHP to the UE 110 in order to reduce the downlink operational bandwidth on a beam footprint, or to reduce the downlink channel transmission power during a non-active duration. The non-active duration may or may not be a different length than the active duration as described in this disclosure. Alternatively, or additionally, the UE 110 can be implicitly indicated based on either a reduction in DL operation bandwidth or a reduction in a downlink channel transmission power.
[0059] In an aspect, the NTN satellite 160 can be configured to perform a DL operational bandwidth reduction with the UE 110 to reduce the total transmission power, in which the per RE transmission power remains unchanged. By reducing the downlink bandwidth, and not being null or completely non-active in a non-active duration of a BHP, the total transmission power of the downlink can be reduced on a beam footprint.
[0060] Alternatively, or additionally, the NTN satellite 160 can be configured to reduce a downlink transmission power to a beam footprint in the soft BHP. In an aspect, power for the PDSCH to the UE could be restricted during the soft BHP. Alternatively, the PDSCH demodulation reference signal (DMRS) power could be reduced.
[0061] When the PDSCH power to a beam is reduced in the soft BHP, the NTN can operate to reconfigure a power parameter such as the power control offset parameter (e.g., “powerControlOffset” ) in an information element (IE) of a non-zero power (NZP) CSI-RS resource (e.g., “NZP-CSI-RS Resource Element (RE) ) , meaning the NTN satellite reduces the CSI-RS power. The power control offset parameter is the power offset of a PDSCH resource element (RE) to a NSP CSI-RS RE. This parameter determines the transmission power of PDSCH based on the CSI-RS power in a power range. For example, power control offset parameter could be configured for a larger range of power. In this case, when the power control offset is larger or has a larger range, the PDSCH transmission power becomes further reduced.
[0062] Alternatively, or additionally, when the PDSCH power to a beam is reduced in the soft BHP, a new or different parameter could be added in the indication such as “powerControlOffset_hopping” in IE of “NZP-CSI-RS Resource” for NTN also. This different parameter can be a power control offset parameter specifically for beam hopping, while still maintaining or using the initial power control offset (e.g., “powerControlOffset” ) in an IE of a “NZP-CSI-RS Resource” . The powerControlOffset_hopping can facilitate the total transmission power of the PDSCH being reduced from the CSI-RS’s transmission power, in order to reduce the PDSCH transmission power in the soft BHP indication to additionally control the transmission power of CSI-RS due to beam hopping indication on top of “powerControlOffset” .
[0063] In another aspect, the PDSCH DMRS power can be reduced in order to reduce the downlink channel transmission power. Here, the NTN satellite 160 or the network can reconfigure a Beta parameter of PDSCH DMRS to reduce the PDSCH DMRS power during a non-active duration. Alternatively, or additionally, a new scaling factor can be added to or multiplied to Beta value which means the PDSCH DMRS transmission could be further reduced once the satellite is on the non-active duration of the beam hopping. In this manner, DL channel transmission power can be reduced.
[0064] The activation / deactivation of the soft beam hopping indication in the NTN with the NTN satellite 160 and UE 110 can then follow aspects described herein in the process flow 200 with acts 220 and 230 of process flow 200 of FIG. 2. In aspect, the UE behavior at 230 of process flow 200 of FIG. 2 under non-active period of soft beam hopping pattern may also be modified.
[0065] In an aspect for soft BHP, the UE transmission can operate with operating signal transmissions in the beam hopping pattern. Soft BHP affects the downlink transmission power from the satellite, but the reception of the satellite could follow the standard operation. Alternatively, the UE reception may follow the non-active period of cell DTX or may still follow the standard operations as well since only the DL power is reduced, but the reception, and which signal to receive at the UE could still follows the standard operations for the soft beam hopping pattern indication.
[0066] Additionally, the NTN satellite 160 can provide the indication 702 for one or more of: BHP, soft BHP or on-demand BHP. The on-demand BHP can be indicated to the UE 110 at the indication 702. The UE 110 can receive a polling signal to initiate feedback from the UE 110 in addition to a configuration beam hopping pattern being indicated such as the on-demand BHP. Alternatively, the UE could proactively indicate its demand / data to transmit and receive. Based on the UE’s feedback, the NTN satellite 160 can determine whether to activate / deactivate BHP for the beam of the UE 110 or the cell based on a feedback from a group of UEs at the cell or beam footprint, for example.
[0067] FIG. 8 illustrates an example of a signaling flow between the NTN satellite 160 and the UE 110 for on-demand BHP based on UE requirements or demands / data amount. For example, in certain areas a lot of UEs may demand a larger amount or volume of data transmission for a time, but in other UE areas there may be less or no UE demand for uplink transmission. Based on the UEs demands or feedback (e.g., demand for transmission or reception of data via a buffer status report (BSR) reporting) , the network can perform a dynamic adjustment of the beam hopping pattern on-demand. Here, the NTN satellite 160 configures / activates / deactivates an on-demand beam hopping pattern, based on its knowledge of the deployment statistics and the UEs feedback.
[0068] The on-demand BHP signaling flow 800 initiates, for example, with configuring the beam hopping pattern from the base station or NTN satellite 160 by providing an indication of the beam pattern hopping pattern 802, which may further indicate an on-demand BHP. Then the NTN satellite / base station 160 polls for activating the on-demand beam hopping pattern by providing a polling signal 804. Based on the UE’s response 806, the network may determine that a number of UEs satisfying a threshold number still have active data transmissions and therefore the network or NTN satellite 160 may delay the beam hopping pattern on a beam footprint 808 based on the UE feedback, and after a period of time provide the polling signal 810 again for activating or determination whether to active the beam hopping pattern indicated.
[0069] When providing a polling signal 804 or 810 the network can poll the UEs in a certain beam footprint about its intention of activating / deactivating beam hopping according to a beam hopping pattern. The poll signal 804 or 810 can be provided via a group common DCI for example or via a medium access control (MAC) control element (MAC CE) . The UE 110 can respond with whether it has a demand / data to transmit or receive via a BSR reporting to the NTN satellite 160, for example. Then if there is a less response or demand for data coverage, the network may determine that it is time to activate the beam hopping on this beam footprint 812, and in turn can provide an activation indication for a beam hopping pattern. The UE 110 can then activate the beam hopping pattern with or to the network 814. Alternatively, or additionally, the UE 110 can proactively indicates it has demand / data to transmit or receive by providing its demand or lack thereof to the NTN satellite 160 proactively for further consideration.
[0070] FIG. 9 illustrates another example process flow 900 for beam hopping in an NTN. At 910, the process flow 900 initiates with receiving one or more indications of a beam hopping pattern. At 920, the process flow 900 enable a beam specific DTX / DRX based on the indication of the beam hopping pattern.
[0071] FIG. 10 is an example network 1000 according to one or more implementations described herein. Example network 1000 can include UEs 110-1, 110-2, etc. (referred to collectively as “UEs 110” and individually as “UE 110” ) , a radio access network (RAN) 1022, a core network (CN) 1030, application servers 1040, and external networks 1050 and satellites 160-1, 160-2, etc. (referred to collectively as “satellites 160” and individually as “satellite 160” ) . As shown, network 100 may include a non-terrestrial network (NTN) comprising one or more satellites 160 (e.g., an NTN satellite of a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) ) in communication with UEs 110 and co-located with a RAN 1022 or configured as a distributed network station.
[0072] UEs 110 can communicate and establish a connection with (be communicatively coupled to) RAN 1022, which can involve one or more wireless channels 1014-1 and 1014-2, each of which can comprise a physical communications interface / layer. In some implementations, a UE can be configured with dual connectivity (DC) as a multi-radio access technology (multi-RAT) or multi-radio dual connectivity (MR-DC) , where a multiple receive and transmit (Rx / Tx) capable UE can use resources provided by different network nodes or base stations 1022 (e.g., 1022-1 and 1022-2) that can be connected via non-ideal backhaul (e.g., where one network node provides NR access and the other network node provides either E-UTRA for LTE or NR access for 5G) . In such a scenario, one network node can operate as a master node (MN) and the other as the secondary node (SN) . The MN and SN can be connected via a network interface, and at least the MN can be connected to the CN 1030. Additionally, at least one of the MN or the SN can be operated with shared spectrum channel access, and functions specified for UE 110 can be used for an integrated access and backhaul mobile termination (IAB-MT) . Similar for UE 110, the IAB-MT can access the network using either one network node or using two different nodes with enhanced dual connectivity (EN-DC) architectures, new radio dual connectivity (NR-DC) architectures, or other direct connectivity such as an SL communication channel as an SL interface 1012.
[0073] In some implementations, a base station (as described herein) can be an example of network node 1022. As shown, UE 110 can additionally, or alternatively, connect to access point (AP) 1016 via connection interface 1018, which can include an air interface enabling UE 110 to communicatively couple with AP 1016. AP 1016 can comprise a wireless local area network (WLAN) , WLAN node, WLAN termination point, etc. The connection 1018 can comprise a local wireless connection, such as a connection consistent with any IEEE 702.11 protocol, and AP 1016 can comprise a wireless fidelity router or other AP. AP 1016 could be also connected to another network (e.g., the Internet) without connecting to RAN 1022 or CN 1030.
[0074] RAN 1022 can also include one or more RAN nodes 1022-1 and 1022-2 (referred to collectively as RAN nodes 1022, and individually as RAN node 1022) that enable channels 1014-1 and 1014-2 to be established between UEs 110 and RAN 1022. RAN nodes 1022 can include network access points configured to provide radio baseband functions for data or voice connectivity between users and the network based on one or more of the communication technologies described herein (e.g., 2G, 3G, 4G, 5G, WiFi, etc. ) . As examples therefore, a RAN node can be an E-UTRAN Node B (e.g., an enhanced Node B, eNodeB, eNB, 4G base station, etc. ) , a next generation base station (e.g., a 5G base station, NR base station, next generation eNBs (gNB) , etc. ) . RAN nodes 1022 can include a roadside unit (RSU) , a transmission reception point (TRxP or TRP) , and one or more other types of ground stations (e.g., terrestrial access points) . In some scenarios, RAN node 1022 can be a dedicated physical device, such as a macrocell base station, or a low power (LP) base station for providing femtocells, picocells or other like having smaller coverage areas, smaller user capacity, or higher bandwidth compared to macrocells. As described below, in some implementations, satellites 160 can operate as bases stations (e.g., RAN nodes 1022) with respect to UEs 110. As such, references herein to a base station, RAN node 1022, etc., can involve implementations where the base station, RAN node 1022, etc., is a terrestrial network node and also to implementation where the base station, RAN node 1022, etc., is a non-terrestrial network node.
[0075] Some or all of RAN nodes 1022 can be implemented as one or more software entities running on server computers as part of a virtual network, which can be referred to as a centralized RAN (CRAN) or a virtual baseband unit pool (vBBUP) . In these implementations, the CRAN or vBBUP can implement a RAN function split, such as a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) split wherein radio resource control (RRC) and PDCP layers can be operated by the CRAN / vBBUP and other Layer 2 (L2) protocol entities can be operated by individual RAN nodes 1022; a media access control (MAC) / physical (PHY) layer split wherein RRC, PDCP, radio link control (RLC) , and MAC layers can be operated by the CRAN / vBBUP and the PHY layer can be operated by individual RAN nodes 1022; or a “lower PHY” split wherein RRC, PDCP, RLC, MAC layers and upper portions of the PHY layer can be operated by the CRAN / vBBUP and lower portions of the PHY layer can be operated by individual RAN nodes 1022. This virtualized framework can allow freed-up processor cores of RAN nodes 1022 to perform or execute other virtualized applications, for example.
[0076] In some implementations, an individual RAN node 1022 can represent individual gNB-distributed units (DUs) connected to a gNB-control unit (CU) via individual F1 interfaces. In such implementations, the gNB-DUs can include one or more remote radio heads or radio frequency (RF) front end modules (RFEMs) , and the gNB-CU can be operated by a server (not shown) located in RAN 1022 or by a server pool (e.g., a group of servers configured to share resources) in a similar manner as the CRAN / vBBUP. Additionally, or alternatively, one or more of RAN nodes 1022 can be next generation eNBs (i.e., gNBs) that can provide evolved universal terrestrial radio access (E-UTRA) user plane and control plane protocol terminations toward UEs 110, and that can be connected to a 5G core network (5GC) 1030 via a Next Generation (NG) interface 1024.
[0077] Any of the RAN nodes 1022 can terminate an air interface protocol and can be the first point of contact for UEs 110. In some implementations, any of the RAN nodes 1022 can fulfill various logical functions for the RAN 1022 including, but not limited to, radio network controller (RNC) functions such as radio bearer management, uplink and downlink dynamic radio resource management and data packet scheduling, and mobility management. UEs 110 can be configured to communicate using orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) communication signals with each other or with any of the RAN nodes 1022 over a multicarrier communication channel in accordance with various communication techniques, such as, but not limited to, an OFDMA communication technique (e.g., for downlink communications) or a single carrier frequency-division multiple access (SC-FDMA) communication technique (e.g., for uplink and ProSe or sidelink (SL) communications) , although the scope of such implementations cannot be limited in this regard. The OFDM signals can comprise a plurality of orthogonal subcarriers.
[0078] A physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) can carry user data and higher layer signaling to UEs 110. The physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) can carry information about the transport format and resource allocations related to the PDSCH channel, among other things. The PDCCH can also inform UEs 110 about the transport format, resource allocation, and hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) information related to the uplink shared channel. Typically, downlink scheduling (e.g., assigning control and shared channel resource blocks to UE 110-2 within a cell) can be performed at any of the RAN nodes 1022 based on channel quality information fed back from any of UEs 110. The downlink resource assignment information can be sent on the PDCCH used for (e.g., assigned to) each of UEs 110.
[0079] The PDCCH uses control channel elements (CCEs) to convey the control information, wherein a number of CCEs (e.g., 6 or other number) can consists of a resource element groups (REGs) , where a REG is defined as a physical resource block (PRB) in an OFDM symbol. Before being mapped to resource elements, the PDCCH complex-valued symbols can first be organized into quadruplets, which can then be permuted using a sub-block interleaver for rate matching, for example. Each PDCCH can be transmitted using one or more of these CCEs, where each CCE can correspond to nine sets of four physical resource elements known as REGs. Four quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) symbols can be mapped to each REG. The PDCCH can be transmitted using one or more CCEs, depending on the size of the DCI and the channel condition. There can be four or more different PDCCH formats with different numbers of CCEs (e.g., aggregation level, L=1, 2, 4, 8, or 16) .
[0080] The RAN nodes 1022 may be configured to communicate with one another via interface 1023. In implementations where the system is an LTE system, interface 1023 may be an X2 interface. In LTE networks, X2 and S1 interface are defined as the interfaces between RAN nodes and between RAN and Core Network. 5G may operate in two modes as non-standalone and standalone mode. For non-standalone operation the specification defines the extension for S1 and X2 interfaces as for standalone operation as X2 / Xn for the interface between RAN nodes 1022 and S1 / NG for the interface 1024 between RAN 1022 and CN 1030. The interface 1024 may be defined between two or more RAN nodes 1022 (e.g., two or more eNBs / gNBs or a combination thereof) that connect to evolved packet core (EPC) , the CN 1030, or between eNBs connecting to an EPC. In some implementations, the X2 / Xn interface may include an X2 / Xn user plane interface (X2-U / Xn-U) and an X2 control plane interface (X2-C / Xn-C) . The X2-U / Xn-U may provide flow control mechanisms for user data packets transferred over the X2 / Xn interface and may be used to communicate information about the delivery of user data between eNBs or gNBs. For example, the X2-U / Xn-U may provide specific sequence number information for user data transferred from a master eNB (MeNB) to a secondary eNB (SeNB) ; information about successful in sequence delivery of PDCP packet data units (PDUs) to a UE 110 from an SeNB for user data; information of PDCP PDUs that were not delivered to a UE 110; information about a current minimum desired buffer size at the SeNB for transmitting to the UE user data; and the like. The X2-C / Xn-C may provide intra-LTE access mobility functionality (e.g., including context transfers from source to target eNBs, user plane transport control, etc. ) , load management functionality, and inter-cell interference coordination functionality.
[0081] Alternatively, or additionally, RAN 1022 can be also connected (e.g., communicatively coupled) to CN 1030 via a Next Generation (NG) interface as interface 1024. The NG interface 1024 can be split into two parts, a Next Generation (NG) user plane (NG-U) interface 1026, which carries traffic data between the RAN nodes 1022 and a User Plane Function (UPF) , and the S1 control plane (NG-C) interface 1028, which is a signaling interface between the RAN nodes 1022 and Access and Mobility Management Functions (AMFs) .
[0082] CN 1030 can comprise a plurality of network elements 1032, which are configured to offer various data and telecommunications services to customers / subscribers (e.g., users of UEs 110) who are connected to the CN 1030 via the RAN 1022. In some implementations, CN 1030 can include an evolved packet core (EPC) , a 5G CN, and / or one or more additional or alternative types of CNs. The components of the CN 1030 can be implemented in one physical node or separate physical nodes including components to read and execute instructions from a machine- readable or computer-readable medium (e.g., a non-transitory machine-readable storage medium) .
[0083] As shown, CN 1030, application servers 1040, and external networks 1050 can be connected to one another via interfaces 1034, 1036, and 1038, which can include IP network interfaces. Application servers 1040 can include one or more server devices or network elements (e.g., virtual network functions (VNFs) offering applications that use IP bearer resources with CN 1030 (e.g., universal mobile telecommunications system packet services (UMTS PS) domain, LTE PS data services, etc. ) . Application servers 1040 can also, or alternatively, be configured to support one or more communication services (e.g., voice over IP (VoIP sessions, push-to-talk (PTT) sessions, group communication sessions, social networking services, etc. ) for UEs 110 via the CN 1030. Similarly, external networks 1050 can include one or more of a variety of networks, including the Internet, thereby providing the mobile communication network and UEs 110 of the network access to a variety of additional services, information, interconnectivity, and other network features.
[0084] As shown, example network 1000 may include an NTN that may comprise one or more satellites 160-1 and 160-2 (collectively, “satellites 160” ) . Satellites 160 may be in communication with UEs 110 via service link or wireless interface 1062 and / or RAN 1022 via feeder links or wireless interfaces 1064 (depicted individually as 1064-1 and 1064) . In some implementations, satellite 160 may operate as a passive or transparent network relay node regarding communications between UE 110 and the terrestrial network (e.g., RAN 1022) . In some implementations, satellite 160 may operate as an active or regenerative network node such that satellite 160 may operate as a base station to UEs 110 (e.g., as a gNB of RAN 1022) regarding communications between UE 110 and RAN 1022. In some implementations, satellites 160 may communicate with one another via a direct wireless interface 1066 or an indirect wireless interface (e.g., via RAN 1022 using interfaces 1064-1 and 1064-2) . Additionally, or alternatively, satellite 160 may include a GEO satellite, LEO satellite, or another type of satellite. Satellite 160 may also, or alternatively pertain to one or more satellite systems or architectures, such as a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) , global positioning system (GPS) , global navigation satellite system (GLONASS) , BeiDou navigation satellite system (BDS) , etc. In some implementations, satellites 160 may operate as bases stations (e.g., RAN nodes 1022) with respect to UEs 110. As such, references herein to a base station, RAN node 1022, etc., may involve implementations where the base station, RAN node 1022, etc., is a terrestrial network node and implementation, where the base station, RAN node 1022, etc., is a non-terrestrial network node (e.g., satellite 160) .
[0085] In an aspect, the UE 110 can operate via the processing circuitry for processing or receiving an indication of a beam hopping pattern and enabling a beam specific discontinuous transmission (DTX) / discontinuous reception (DRX) based on the indication of the beam hopping pattern. The UE 110 can perform cell specific DTX / DRX and beam specific DTX / DRX within a cell based on the beam hopping pattern of the indication in response to receiving an activation indication or a deactivation indication.
[0086] The indication of the beam hopping pattern comprises a bitmap, in which the bitmap can include a length based on a beam hopping duration and a synchronization signal (SS) / physical broadcast channel (SSB) periodicity. The bitmap comprises bits corresponding to one or more slots, respectively, of a beam serving a beam footprint within a cell of a satellite base station of a non-terrestrial network (NTN) , the bits indicating an on / off pattern for the beam specific DTX / DRX in beam hopping operation. The indication of the beam hopping pattern can alternatively comprise a start and length indicator value (SLIV) that indicates a starting slot and a number of slots of a beam activation or a beam deactivation based on an SSB periodicity and a beam hopping duration.
[0087] Alternatively, or additionally, the UE 110 can process or receive a plurality of bitmaps respectively associated with a beam footprint area within a cell or a cell for indicating an NTN satellite coverage, wherein the bitmap or the plurality of bitmaps are received in an system information block (SIB) or a radio resource control (RRC) signaling, wherein the SIB is associated with a list of beam hopping patterns for each beam footprint of a cell. The UE can further receive an activation indication or a deactivation indication of the beam happing pattern based on one or more bits in a group common downlink control information (DCI) , and in response to receiving the activation indication, perform the beam specific DTX / DRX based on the indication of the beam hopping pattern.
[0088] The UE 110 can further process or receive a cell index and a beam footprint index in a higher layer signaling for determining the beam hopping pattern from the indication and further activate or deactivate one or more beam hopping patterns of one or more cells by determining a starting bit position in a group common DCI based on the cell index and the beam footprint index.
[0089] Additionally, or alternatively, the UE 110 can process or receive downlink data, or transmit uplink data, during an active duration of the beam hopping pattern only. During an inactive or non-active duration of the beam hopping pattern, the UE can operate to cease monitoring for one or more of: a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) for a random access response (RAR) and a message 4 (Msg 4) of a random access procedure, a PDCCH based on a retransmission timer, a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) scheduled by a dynamic grant (DG) , or a system information block (SIB) . During the inactive or non-active duration of the beam hopping pattern, the UE 110 can cease transmitting one or more of: a sounding reference signal (SRS) for positioning, a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) in response to a DG received, a semi-persistent scheduling (SPS) PDSCH, or a DCI format without scheduling a PDSCH, a PSUCH scheduling by the DG received, a physical random access channel (PRACH) or a Message 3 physical uplink channel (PUSCH) .
[0090] Alternatively, or additionally, the UE can process or receive a downlink (DL) operational bandwidth signal on a beam footprint based on a reduction in a transmission power of a satellite beam corresponding to the beam footprint in a soft beam hopping pattern.
[0091] Alternatively, or additionally, the UE 110 can process or receive a PDSCH or a PDSCH demodulation reference signal (DMRS) with a DL channel transmission power that is reduced from a previous DL channel transmission power in the soft beam hopping pattern.
[0092] The UE 110 can further process or receive a power control offset parameter in an information element based on a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) power that increases a value range or a power control offset hopping parameter to modify a DL channel transmission power of a PDSCH in a soft beam hopping pattern.
[0093] The UE 110 can further process or receive a re-configured DMRS scaling factor to modify a PDSCH DMRS transmission power based on a soft beam hopping pattern, another scaling factor based on a soft beam hopping pattern, or both the re-configured DMRS scaling factor and the another scaling factor to enable a soft beaming hopping pattern.
[0094] Alternatively, or additionally, the UE 110 can respond to a poll received for an on-demand beam hopping pattern by providing an indication of a demand to transmit or receive, or provide an indication of a demand or intent to transmit or receive for consideration in an on-demand beam hopping pattern.
[0095] One or more network components, devices or systems of network 1000 is configured to process, perform, generate, communicate or cause execution of any one or more combined aspects described herein or in association with any of the FIGs. 1 thru 11 herein.
[0096] Referring to FIG. 11, illustrated is a block diagram of a UE device 110 (e.g., UE 110-1 or 110-2) or other network device / component 1100 (e.g., V-UE / P-UE, IoT, gNB, eNB, base station, NTN satellite 160 or other participating network entity / component) . The device 1100 includes one or more processors 1110 (e.g., one or more baseband processors) comprising processing circuitry and associated interface (s) , transceiver circuitry 1120 (e.g., comprising RF circuitry, which can comprise transmitter circuitry (e.g., associated with one or more transmit chains) and / or receiver circuitry (e.g., associated with one or more receive chains) that can employ common circuit elements, distinct circuit elements, or a combination thereof) , and a memory 1130 (which can comprise any of a variety of storage mediums and can store instructions and / or data associated with one or more of processor (s) 1110 or transceiver circuitry 1120) .
[0097] Memory 1130 (as well as other memory components discussed herein, e.g., memory, data storage, or the like) can comprise one or more machine-readable medium / media including instructions that, when performed by a machine or component herein cause the machine or other device to perform acts of a method, an apparatus or system for communication using multiple communication technologies according to aspects, embodiments and examples described herein. It is to be understood that aspects described herein can be implemented by hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, functions can be stored on or transmitted over as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium (e.g., the memory described herein or other storage device) . Computer-readable media includes both computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another. A storage media or a computer readable storage device can be any available media that can be accessed by a general purpose or special purpose computer. By way of example, and not limitation, such computer-readable media can comprise RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or other tangible and / or non-transitory medium, that can be used to carry or store desired information or executable instructions. Any connection can be also termed a computer-readable medium.
[0098] Memory 1130 can include executable instructions, and be integrated in, or communicatively coupled to, processor or processing circuitry 1110. The executable instructions of the memory 1130 can cause processing circuitry 1110 to receive / process the instructions to receive / process / determine / generate NW operations associated with beam hopping according to aspects herein.
[0099] The device 1100 is configured to process, perform, generate, communicate or cause execution of any one or more combined aspects described herein or in association with any of the FIGs. 1 thru 11.
[0100] While the methods described within this disclosure are illustrated in and described herein as a series of acts or events, it will be appreciated that the illustrated ordering of such acts or events are not to be interpreted in a limiting sense. For example, some acts can occur in different orders and / or concurrently with other acts or events apart from those illustrated and / or described herein. In addition, not all illustrated acts can be required to implement one or more aspects or embodiments of the description herein. Further, one or more of the acts depicted herein can be carried out in one or more separate acts and / or phases. Reference can be made to the figures described above for ease of description. However, the methods are not limited to any particular aspect or example provided within this disclosure and can be applied to any of the systems / devices / components disclosed herein.
[0101] It is well understood that the use of personally identifiable information should follow privacy policies and practices that are generally recognized as meeting or exceeding industry or governmental requirements for maintaining the privacy of users. In particular, personally identifiable information data should be managed and handled so as to minimize risks of unintentional or unauthorized access or use, and the nature of authorized use should be clearly indicated to users.
[0102] The present disclosure is described with reference to attached drawing figures, wherein like reference numerals are used to refer to like elements throughout, and wherein the illustrated structures and devices are not necessarily drawn to scale. As utilized herein, terms “component, ” “system, ” “interface, ” and the like are intended to refer to a computer-related entity, hardware, software (e.g., in execution) , and / or firmware. For example, a component can be a processor (e.g., a microprocessor, a controller, or other processing device) , a process running on a processor, a controller, an object, an executable, a program, a storage device, a computer, a tablet PC and / or a user equipment (e.g., mobile phone, etc. ) with a processing device. By way of illustration, an application running on a server and the server can be also a component. One or more components can reside within a process, and a component can be localized on one computer and / or distributed between two or more computers. A set of elements or a set of other components can be described herein, in which the term “set” can be interpreted as “one or more. ”
[0103] Further, these components can execute from various computer readable storage media having various data structures stored thereon such as with a module, for example. The components can communicate via local and / or remote processes such as in accordance with a signal having one or more data packets (e.g., data from one component interacting with another component in a local system, distributed system, and / or across a network, such as, the Internet, a local area network, a wide area network, or similar network with other systems via the signal) .
[0104] As another example, a component can be an apparatus with specific functionality provided by mechanical parts operated by electric or electronic circuitry, in which the electric or electronic circuitry can be operated by a software application or a firmware application executed by one or more processors. The one or more processors can be internal or external to the apparatus and can execute at least a part of the software or firmware application. As yet another example, a component can be an apparatus that provides specific functionality through electronic components without mechanical parts; the electronic components can include one or more processors therein to execute software and / or firmware that confer (s) , at least in part, the functionality of the electronic components.
[0105] Use of the word exemplary is intended to present concepts in a concrete fashion. As used in this application, the term “or” is intended to mean an inclusive “or” rather than an exclusive “or” . That is, unless specified otherwise, or clear from context, “X employs A or B” is intended to mean any of the natural inclusive permutations. That is, if X employs A; X employs B; or X employs both A and B, then “X employs A or B” is satisfied under any of the foregoing instances. In addition, the articles “a” and “an” as used in this application and the appended claims should generally be construed to mean “one or more” unless specified otherwise or clear from context to be directed to a singular form. Furthermore, to the extent that the terms “including” , “includes” , “having” , “has” , “with” , or variants thereof are used in either the detailed description and the claims, such terms are intended to be inclusive in a manner similar to the term “comprising. ” Additionally, in situations wherein one or more numbered items are discussed (e.g., a “first X” , a “second X” , etc. ) , in general the one or more numbered items can be distinct, or they can be the same, although in some situations the context can indicate that they are distinct or that they are the same.
[0106] As used herein, the term “circuitry” can refer to, be part of, or include an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) , an electronic circuit, a processor (shared, dedicated, or group) , or associated memory (shared, dedicated, or group) operably coupled to the circuitry that execute one or more software or firmware programs, a combinational logic circuit, or other suitable hardware components that provide the described functionality. In some embodiments, the circuitry can be implemented in, or functions associated with the circuitry can be implemented by, one or more software or firmware modules. In some embodiments, circuitry can include logic, at least partially operable in hardware.
[0107] As it is employed in the subject specification, the term “processor” can refer to substantially any computing processing unit or device including, but not limited to including, single-core processors; single-processors with software multithread execution capability; multi-core processors; multi-core processors with software multithread execution capability; multi-core processors with hardware multithread technology; parallel platforms; and parallel platforms with distributed shared memory. Additionally, a processor can refer to an integrated circuit, an application specific integrated circuit, a digital signal processor, a field programmable gate array, a programmable logic controller, a complex programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions and / or processes described herein. Processors can exploit nano-scale architectures such as, but not limited to, molecular and quantum-dot based transistors, switches and gates, in order to optimize space usage or enhance performance of mobile devices. A processor can also be implemented as a combination of computing processing units.
[0108] Examples (aspects) can include subject matter such as a method, means for performing acts or blocks of the method, at least one machine-readable medium including instructions that, when performed by a machine (e.g., a processor with memory, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) , a field programmable gate array (FPGA) , or the like) cause the machine to perform acts of the method or of an apparatus or system for concurrent communication using multiple communication technologies according to embodiments and examples described herein.
[0109] A first example is a UE comprising a memory; and processing circuitry, comprising the memory, configured to execute instructions that cause the UE to: process an indication of a beam hopping pattern; and enable a beam specific discontinuous transmission (DTX) / discontinuous reception (DRX) based on the indication of the beam hopping pattern.
[0110] A second example can include the first example, the processing circuitry is further configured to cause the UE to: perform cell specific DTX / DRX and the beam specific DTX / DRX within a cell based on the beam hopping pattern of the indication in response to receiving an activation indication or a deactivation indication.
[0111] A third example can include the first or second example, wherein the indication of the beam hopping pattern comprises a bitmap, wherein the bitmap comprises a length based on a beam hopping duration and a SSB periodicity.
[0112] A fourth example can include any one or more of the first through third examples, wherein the bitmap comprises bits corresponding to one or more slots, respectively, of a beam serving a beam footprint within a cell of a satellite base station of a non-terrestrial network (NTN) , the bits indicating an on / off pattern for the beam specific DTX / DRX in beam hopping operation.
[0113] A fifth example can include any one or more of the first through fourth examples, wherein the indication of the beam hopping pattern comprises a start and length indicator value (SLIV) that indicates a starting slot and a number of slots of a beam activation or a beam deactivation based on an SSB periodicity and a beam hopping duration.
[0114] A sixth example can include any one or more of the first through fifth examples, wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to cause the UE to: receive a plurality of bitmaps respectively associated with a beam footprint area within a cell or a cell for indicating an NTN satellite coverage, wherein the bitmap or the plurality of bitmaps are received in an system information block (SIB) or a radio resource control (RRC) signaling, wherein the SIB is associated with a list of beam hopping patterns for each beam footprint of a cell.
[0115] A seventh example can include any one or more of the first through sixth examples, wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to cause the UE to: process an activation indication or a deactivation indication of the beam happing pattern based on one or more bits in a group common downlink control information (DCI) , and in response to receiving the activation indication, perform the beam specific DTX / DRX based on the indication of the beam hopping pattern.
[0116] An eighth example can include any one or more of the first through seventh examples, wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to cause the UE to: receive a cell index and a beam footprint index in a higher layer signaling; and activate or deactivate one or more beam hopping patterns of one or more cells by determining a starting bit position in a group common DCI based on the cell index and the beam footprint index.
[0117] A ninth example can include any one or more of the first through eighth examples, wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to cause the UE to: receive downlink data, or transmit uplink data, during an active duration of the beam hopping pattern only; during an inactive duration of the beam hopping pattern, cease monitoring for one or more of: a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) for a random access response (RAR) and a message 4 (Msg 4) of a random access procedure, a PDCCH based on a retransmission timer, a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) scheduled by a dynamic grant (DG) , or a system information block (SIB) ; and during the inactive duration of the beam hopping pattern, cease or refrain from transmitting one or more of: a sounding reference signal (SRS) for positioning, a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) in response to a DG received, a semi-persistent scheduling (SPS) PDSCH, or a DCI format without scheduling a PDSCH, a PSUCH scheduling by the DG received, a physical random access channel (PRACH) or a Message 3 physical uplink channel (PUSCH) .
[0118] A tenth example can include any one or more of the first through ninth examples, wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to cause the UE to: receive a downlink (DL) operational bandwidth signal on a beam footprint based on a reduction in a transmission power of a satellite beam corresponding to the beam footprint in a soft beam hopping pattern; or receive a PDSCH or a PDSCH demodulation reference signal (DMRS) with a DL channel transmission power that is reduced from a previous DL channel transmission power in the soft beam hopping pattern.
[0119] An eleventh example can include any one or more of the first through tenth examples, wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to cause the UE to: receive a power control offset parameter in an information element based on a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) power that increases a value range or a power control offset hopping parameter to modify a DL channel transmission power of a PDSCH in a soft beam hopping pattern.
[0120] A twelfth example can include any one or more of the first through eleventh examples, the processing circuitry is further configured to cause the UE to: receive a re-configured DMRS scaling factor to modify a PDSCH DMRS transmission power based on a soft beam hopping pattern, another scaling factor based on a soft beam hopping pattern, or both the re-configured DMRS scaling factor and the another scaling factor to enable a soft beaming hopping pattern.
[0121] A thirteenth example can include any one or more of the first through twelfth examples, the processing circuitry is further configured to cause the UE to: respond to a poll received for an on-demand beam hopping pattern by providing an indication of a demand to transmit or receive; or provide an indication of a demand or intent to transmit or receive for consideration in an on-demand beam hopping pattern.
[0122] A fourteenth example can be a method of a UE comprising: receiving, via processing circuitry, one or more indications of a beam hopping pattern; and performing a beam specific discontinuous transmission (DTX) / discontinuous reception (DRX) on a satellite beam of a cell between one or more active durations and one or more non-active durations based on the indication of the beam hopping pattern.
[0123] A fifteenth example can include the fourteenth example, wherein the one or more non-active durations are not operational for a transmission or a reception, or are reduced in a transmission power compared to the one or more active durations.
[0124] A sixteenth example can include any one or more of the fourteenth through the fifteenth examples, further comprising: receiving the indication of the beam hopping pattern includes receiving at least one indication of an active beam footprint in the one or more active durations and at least one indication of a non-active beam footprint in the one or more non-active durations; or receiving a start and length indicator value (SLIV) as the indication of the beam hopping pattern that indicates a starting slot and a number of slots of an active beam footprint or a deactivated beam footprint based on an SSB periodicity and a minimum duration of a beam hopping duration.
[0125] A seventeenth example can include any one or more of the fourteenth through the sixteenth examples, further comprising: receiving a cell index and a beam footprint index of a beam footprint in a higher layer signaling; and determining a starting position of the beam footprint in a group common downlink control information (DCI) based on the cell index, the beam footprint index and a number of beam hopping patterns indicated by the one or more indications of the beam hopping pattern.
[0126] An eighteenth example can include any one or more of the fourteenth through the seventeenth examples, further comprising: transmitting, or receiving, communications in the one or more non-active durations, wherein the one or more non-active durations comprise a reduced transmission power compared to the one or more active durations; or receiving the communications in the one or more non-active durations, wherein the one or more non-active durations comprise the reduced transmission power compared to the one or more active durations, and the communications are based on signals enabled for a cell DTX non-active period.
[0127] A nineteenth example can be a baseband processor configured to, when executing instructions stored in a memory, perform operations comprising: processing an indication of a beam hopping pattern; and enabling a beam specific discontinuous transmission (DTX) / discontinuous reception (DRX) based on the indication of the beam hopping pattern.
[0128] A twentieth example can include the nineteenth example, the operations further comprise: processing an activation indication or a deactivation indication of the beam happing pattern based on one or more bits in a group common downlink control information (DCI) ; and receiving downlink data and transmitting uplink data only in an activate duration of the beam hopping pattern, based on the indication of the beam hopping pattern.
[0129] Moreover, various aspects or features described herein can be implemented as a method, apparatus, or article of manufacture using standard programming and / or engineering techniques. The term "article of manufacture" as used herein is intended to encompass a computer program accessible from any computer-readable device, carrier, or media. For example, computer-readable media can include but are not limited to magnetic storage devices (e.g., hard disk, floppy disk, magnetic strips, etc. ) , optical disks (e.g., compact disk (CD) , digital versatile disk (DVD) , etc. ) , smart cards, and flash memory devices (e.g., EPROM, card, stick, key drive, etc. ) . Additionally, various storage media described herein can represent one or more devices and / or other machine-readable media for storing information. The term “machine-readable medium” can include, without being limited to, wireless channels and various other media capable of storing, containing, and / or carrying instruction (s) and / or data. Additionally, a computer program product can include a computer readable medium having one or more instructions or codes operable to cause a computer to perform functions described herein.
[0130] Communications media embody computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other structured or unstructured data in a data signal such as a modulated data signal, e.g., a carrier wave or other transport mechanism, and includes any information delivery or transport media. The term “modulated data signal” or signals refers to a signal that has one or more of its characteristics set or changed in such a manner as to encode information in one or more signals. By way of example, and not limitation, communication media include wired media, such as a wired network or direct-wired connection, and wireless media such as acoustic, RF, infrared and other wireless media.
[0131] An exemplary storage medium can be coupled to processor, such that processor can read information from, and write information to, storage medium. In the alternative, storage medium can be integral to processor. Further, in some aspects, processor and storage medium can reside in an ASIC. Additionally, ASIC can reside in a user terminal. In the alternative, processor and storage medium can reside as discrete components in a user terminal. Additionally, in some aspects, the processes and / or actions of a method or algorithm can reside as one or any combination or set of codes and / or instructions on a machine-readable medium and / or computer readable medium, which can be incorporated into a computer program product.
[0132] In this regard, while the disclosed subject matter has been described in connection with various embodiments and corresponding Figures, where applicable, it is to be understood that other similar embodiments can be used or modifications and additions can be made to the described embodiments for performing the same, similar, alternative, or substitute function of the disclosed subject matter without deviating therefrom. Therefore, the disclosed subject matter should not be limited to any single aspect or example described herein, but rather should be construed in breadth and scope in accordance with the appended claims below.
[0133] In particular regard to the various functions performed by the above described components (assemblies, devices, circuits, systems, etc. ) , the terms (including a reference to a "means" ) used to describe such components are intended to correspond, unless otherwise indicated, to any component or structure which performs the specified function of the described component (e.g., that is functionally equivalent) , even though not structurally equivalent to the disclosed structure which performs the function in the herein illustrated exemplary implementations of the disclosure. In addition, while a particular feature can have been disclosed with respect to only one of several implementations, such feature can be combined with one or more other features of the other implementations as can be desired and advantageous for any given or particular application.
Claims
1.A user equipment (UE) , comprising:a memory; andprocessing circuitry, comprising the memory, configured to execute instructions that cause the UE to:process an indication of a beam hopping pattern; andenable a beam specific discontinuous transmission (DTX) / discontinuous reception (DRX) based on the indication of the beam hopping pattern.2.The UE of claim 1, the processing circuitry is further configured to cause the UE to:perform cell specific DTX / DRX and the beam specific DTX / DRX within a cell based on the beam hopping pattern of the indication in response to receiving an activation indication or a deactivation indication.3.The UE of claim 1, wherein the indication of the beam hopping pattern comprises a bitmap, wherein the bitmap comprises a length based on a beam hopping duration and a synchronization signal (SS) / physical broadcast channel (SSB) periodicity.4.The UE of claim 3, wherein the bitmap comprises bits corresponding to one or more slots, respectively, of a beam serving a beam footprint within a cell of a satellite base station of a non-terrestrial network (NTN) , the bits indicating an on / off pattern for the beam specific DTX / DRX in beam hopping operation.5.The UE of claim 1, wherein the indication of the beam hopping pattern comprises a start and length indicator value (SLIV) that indicates a starting slot and a number of slots of a beam activation or a beam deactivation based on an SSB periodicity and a beam hopping duration.6.The UE of claim 1, the processing circuitry is further configured to cause the UE to:receive a plurality of bitmaps respectively associated with a beam footprint area within a cell or a cell for indicating an NTN satellite coverage, wherein the bitmap or the plurality of bitmaps are received in an system information block (SIB) or a radio resource control (RRC) signaling, wherein the SIB is associated with a list of beam hopping patterns for each beam footprint of a cell.7.The UE of claim 1, the processing circuitry is further configured to cause the UE to:process an activation indication or a deactivation indication of the beam happing pattern based on one or more bits in a group common downlink control information (DCI) , and in response to receiving the activation indication, perform the beam specific DTX / DRX based on the indication of the beam hopping pattern.8.The UE of claim 1, the processing circuitry is further configured to cause the UE to:receive a cell index and a beam footprint index in a higher layer signaling; andactivate or deactivate one or more beam hopping patterns of one or more cells by determining a starting bit position in a group common DCI based on the cell index and the beam footprint index.9.The UE of claim 1, the processing circuitry is further configured to cause the UE to:receive downlink data, or transmit uplink data, during an active duration of the beam hopping pattern only;during an inactive duration of the beam hopping pattern, cease monitoring for one or more of: a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) for a random access response (RAR) and a message 4 (Msg 4) of a random access procedure, a PDCCH based on a retransmission timer, a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) scheduled by a dynamic grant (DG) , or a system information block (SIB) ; andduring the inactive duration of the beam hopping pattern, cease or refrain from transmitting one or more of: a sounding reference signal (SRS) for positioning, a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) in response to a DG received, a semi-persistent scheduling (SPS) PDSCH, or a DCI format without scheduling a PDSCH, a PSUCH scheduling by the DG received, a physical random access channel (PRACH) or a Message 3 physical uplink channel (PUSCH) .10.The UE of claim 1, the processing circuitry is further configured to cause the UE to:receive a downlink (DL) operational bandwidth signal on a beam footprint based on a reduction in a transmission power of a satellite beam corresponding to the beam footprint in a soft beam hopping pattern; orreceive a PDSCH or a PDSCH demodulation reference signal (DMRS) with a DL channel transmission power that is reduced from a previous DL channel transmission power in the soft beam hopping pattern.11.The UE of claim 1, the processing circuitry is further configured to cause the UE to:receive a power control offset parameter in an information element based on a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) power that increases a value range or a power control offset hopping parameter to modify a DL channel transmission power of a PDSCH in a soft beam hopping pattern.12.The UE of claim 1, the processing circuitry is further configured to cause the UE to:receive a re-configured DMRS scaling factor to modify a PDSCH DMRS transmission power based on a soft beam hopping pattern, another scaling factor based on a soft beam hopping pattern, or both the re-configured DMRS scaling factor and the another scaling factor to enable a soft beaming hopping pattern.13.The UE of claim 1, the processing circuitry is further configured to cause the UE to:respond to a poll received for an on-demand beam hopping pattern by providing an indication of a demand to transmit or receive; orprovide an indication of a demand or intent to transmit or receive for consideration in an on-demand beam hopping pattern.14.A method of a user equipment (UE) comprising:receiving, via processing circuitry, one or more indications of a beam hopping pattern; andperforming a beam specific discontinuous transmission (DTX) / discontinuous reception (DRX) on a satellite beam of a cell between one or more active durations and one or more non-active durations based on the indication of the beam hopping pattern.15.The method of claim 14, wherein the one or more non-active durations are not operational for a transmission or a reception, or are reduced in a transmission power compared to the one or more active durations.16.The method of claim 14, further comprising:receiving the one or more indications of the beam hopping pattern include receiving at least one indication of an active beam footprint in the one or more active durations and at least one indication of a non-active beam footprint in the one or more non-active durations; orreceiving a start and length indicator value (SLIV) as the indication of the beam hopping pattern that indicates a starting slot and a number of slots of an active beam footprint or a deactivated beam footprint based on an SSB periodicity and a minimum duration of a beam hopping duration.17.The method of claim 14, further comprising:receiving a cell index and a beam footprint index of a beam footprint in a higher layer signaling; anddetermining a starting position of the beam footprint in a group common downlink control information (DCI) based on the cell index, the beam footprint index and a number of beam hopping patterns indicated by the one or more indications of the beam hopping pattern.18.The method of claim 14, further comprising:transmitting, or receiving, communications in the one or more non-active durations, wherein the one or more non-active durations comprise a reduced transmission power compared to the one or more active durations; orreceiving the communications in the one or more non-active durations, wherein the one or more non-active durations comprise the reduced transmission power compared to the one or more active durations, and the communications are based on signals enabled for a cell DTX non-active period.19.A baseband processor configured to, when executing instructions stored in a memory, perform operations, the operations comprising:processing an indication of a beam hopping pattern; andenabling a beam specific discontinuous transmission (DTX) / discontinuous reception (DRX) based on the indication of the beam hopping pattern.20.The baseband processor of claim 1, the operations further comprising:processing an activation indication or a deactivation indication of the beam happing pattern based on one or more bits in a group common downlink control information (DCI) ; andreceiving downlink data and transmitting uplink data only in an activate duration of the beam hopping pattern, based on the indication of the beam hopping pattern.
Citation Information
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Information transmission method and apparatus, and network-side device and terminal
WO2024120112A1