Refrigeration apparatus

Abstract

The present invention addresses the necessity of ensuring that an adsorbent is distributed throughout the entire refrigerant flow path of a circulation-type refrigeration apparatus after the adsorbent is introduced into the refrigerant flow path. A refrigeration apparatus (100) is an apparatus in which a refrigerant and an adsorbent that adsorbs and desorbs the refrigerant in response to a change in pressure of the refrigerant circulate. The refrigeration apparatus (100) comprises a compressor (131), a first adsorber (133), a second adsorber (134), and a control unit (105). One of the first adsorber (133) and the second adsorber (134) is connected to a discharge side of the compressor (131), and thermal energy generated when the adsorbent adsorbs the refrigerant is recovered. The other of the first adsorber (133) and the second adsorber (134) is connected to a suction side of the compressor (131), and cold energy generated when the adsorbent desorbs the refrigerant is recovered. The control unit (105) executes a first mode of diffusing the adsorbent within the refrigerant flow path while the compressor (131) is driven.

Description

Refrigeration device

[0001] It relates to a refrigeration device.

[0002] Conventionally, as disclosed in Patent Document 1 (U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2023 / 0417459), a refrigeration device having an adsorption refrigeration cycle that utilizes the heat generated when a refrigerant is adsorbed and desorbed on an adsorbent such as a porous metal complex has been used. As such a refrigeration device, a circulation-type refrigeration device having a refrigerant flow path through which a mixture of a refrigerant and an adsorbent circulates is known.

[0003] After introducing the adsorbent into the refrigerant flow path of the circulation-type refrigeration device, it is necessary to make the adsorbent spread throughout the refrigerant flow path.

[0004] The refrigeration device of the first aspect includes a refrigerant flow path through which a refrigerant and an adsorbent that adsorbs and desorbs the refrigerant in response to a change in the pressure of the refrigerant circulate. The refrigeration device includes a compressor, a first heat recovery unit, a second heat recovery unit, and a control unit. The first heat recovery unit is connected to the discharge side of the compressor and recovers the warm heat generated when the adsorbent adsorbs the refrigerant. The second heat recovery unit is connected to the suction side of the compressor and recovers the cold heat generated when the adsorbent desorbs the refrigerant. The control unit executes a first mode in which, when the refrigeration device is started, the compressor is driven and the adsorbent is diffused in the refrigerant flow path.

[0005] The refrigeration device of the first aspect can make the adsorbent spread throughout the refrigerant flow path after introducing the adsorbent into the refrigerant flow path.

[0006] The refrigeration device of the second aspect is the refrigeration device of the first aspect, and the control unit executes the first mode in a state where at least one of the adsorbent and the refrigerant is additionally introduced at the time of installation into the refrigerant flow path in which the adsorbent and the refrigerant have been previously introduced.

[0007] The refrigeration device of the second aspect can make the adsorbent spread throughout the refrigerant flow path after additionally introducing at least one of the adsorbent and the refrigerant into the refrigerant flow path.

[0008] The refrigeration system in the third aspect is the refrigeration system in the first aspect, wherein the control unit executes the first mode in a state in which at least the refrigerant is additionally introduced at the time of installation into a refrigerant flow path in which only the adsorbent among the adsorbent and refrigerant has been introduced in advance.

[0009] The third aspect of the refrigeration system allows for the adsorbent to be distributed throughout the entire refrigerant flow path after an additional adsorbent and refrigerant (at least the refrigerant) have been introduced into the refrigerant flow path.

[0010] The refrigeration system of the fourth aspect is the refrigeration system of the first aspect, wherein the control unit executes the first mode with at least the adsorbent being added to the refrigerant flow path, which has previously only introduced the refrigerant among the adsorbent and refrigerant, at the time of installation.

[0011] The refrigeration system of the fourth aspect can be configured such that, after introducing at least the adsorbent material into the refrigerant flow path, the adsorbent material is distributed throughout the entire refrigerant flow path.

[0012] The refrigeration system of the fifth perspective is the refrigeration system of the first perspective, wherein the control unit executes the first mode with the adsorbent and refrigerant introduced into the refrigerant flow path at the time of installation.

[0013] The refrigeration apparatus of the sixth aspect is a refrigeration apparatus of any one of the first to fifth aspects, further comprising a first port for introducing an adsorbent into the refrigerant flow path.

[0014] The refrigeration apparatus of the seventh aspect is the refrigeration apparatus of the sixth aspect, further comprising a first container for separating the refrigerant and adsorbent in the refrigerant flow path. The first port is provided in the first container.

[0015] The refrigeration apparatus of the eighth aspect is a refrigeration apparatus of the sixth or seventh aspect, wherein the first port has a first opening and a second opening. Adsorbent is introduced into the first opening from outside the refrigerant flow path. The second opening communicates with the refrigerant flow path and is located below the first opening.

[0016] The refrigeration system of the eighth perspective can use gravity to introduce the adsorbent into the refrigerant flow path.

[0017] The refrigeration apparatus of the ninth aspect is a refrigeration apparatus of any one of the first to eighth aspects, which is attachable to and detachable from the refrigerant flow path and further comprises a second container for introducing an adsorbent into the refrigerant flow path.

[0018] The refrigeration system of the ninth aspect allows for the introduction of adsorbent material into the refrigerant flow path using a container that has adsorbent material pre-filled inside.

[0019] The refrigeration apparatus of the tenth aspect is the refrigeration apparatus of the ninth aspect, wherein the second container is sealed with an adsorbent and air or an inert gas before being attached to the refrigerant flow path.

[0020] The refrigeration apparatus of the 11th aspect is the refrigeration apparatus of the 9th aspect, wherein the second container is sealed with an adsorbent and a refrigerant before being attached to the refrigerant flow path.

[0021] The refrigeration apparatus of the twelfth aspect is a refrigeration apparatus according to any one of the first to eleventh aspects, further comprising a second port for introducing a refrigerant into a refrigerant flow path.

[0022] The refrigeration apparatus of the 13th aspect is a refrigeration apparatus of any one of the first to 12th aspects, wherein the adsorbent includes a metal-organic structure containing a metal ion and an organic ligand.

[0023] The refrigeration apparatus of the 14th aspect is a refrigeration apparatus of any one of the first to 13th aspects, wherein the refrigerant includes at least one of carbon dioxide, hydrocarbons, ammonia, water, HFCs, and HFOs.

[0024] The control method for the 15th aspect is a control method for a refrigeration system. The refrigeration system includes a refrigerant flow path through which a refrigerant and an adsorbent that adsorbs and desorbs the refrigerant in accordance with changes in the refrigerant pressure circulate. The refrigeration system includes a compressor, a first heat recovery unit, and a second heat recovery unit. The first heat recovery unit is connected to the discharge side of the compressor and recovers the heat generated when the adsorbent adsorbs the refrigerant. The second heat recovery unit is connected to the suction side of the compressor and recovers the cold energy generated when the adsorbent desorbs the refrigerant. The control method for the refrigeration system performs a first mode when the refrigeration system is started, in which the compressor is driven and the adsorbent is diffused in the refrigerant flow path.

[0025] This is a conceptual diagram of a refrigeration system equipped with a circulating refrigeration cycle. This is a graph showing the relationship between the amount of adsorption by the adsorbent and the pressure of the refrigerant. This is a graph showing the relationship between the amount of adsorption by the adsorbent and the enthalpy of the refrigerant. This is a schematic diagram of the refrigeration system 100 of the first embodiment. This is a block diagram of the refrigeration system 100 of the first embodiment. This is a flowchart of the refrigeration system 100 of the first embodiment. This is a schematic diagram of the refrigeration system 200 of the second embodiment. This is a flowchart of the refrigeration system 200 of the second embodiment. This is a schematic diagram of the refrigeration system 300 of the third embodiment. This is a flowchart schematic diagram of the refrigeration system 400 of the fourth embodiment. This is a flowchart of the refrigeration system 400 of the fourth embodiment. This is a schematic diagram of the refrigeration system 500 of the fifth embodiment. This is a flowchart of the refrigeration system 500 of the fifth embodiment. This is a schematic diagram of the refrigeration system 600 of the sixth embodiment. This is a flowchart of the refrigeration system 600 of the sixth embodiment. This is a flowchart of the refrigeration device 600 of the sixth embodiment. This is a schematic diagram of the refrigeration device 700 of the seventh embodiment. This is a flowchart of the refrigeration device 700 of the seventh embodiment. This is a flowchart of the refrigeration device 700 of the seventh embodiment. This is a schematic diagram of the refrigeration device 800 of the eighth embodiment. This is a flowchart of the refrigeration device 800 of the eighth embodiment. This is a schematic diagram of the refrigeration device 900 of the ninth embodiment. This is a flowchart of the refrigeration device 900 of the ninth embodiment. This is a schematic diagram of the refrigeration device 300' of modified example A. This is a schematic diagram of the refrigeration device 300'' of modified example B. This is a flowchart of the refrigeration device 300'' of modified example B. This is a flowchart of the refrigeration device 300'' of modified example B.

[0026] (1) Overview of the Refrigeration Cycle The refrigeration system of this embodiment is equipped with a refrigeration cycle that utilizes the heat generated when the adsorbent adsorbs the refrigerant and when the adsorbent desorbs the refrigerant. The refrigeration system is, for example, an air conditioning system. The adsorbent is a powder of an adsorbent material.

[0027] The refrigeration system of this embodiment is a circulating type refrigeration system in which an adsorbent and a refrigerant circulate. As shown in Figure 1, the circulating type refrigeration system 1 includes a refrigerant circuit 11 through which the refrigerant circulates, and an adsorption circuit 12 through which the adsorbent circulates. In Figure 1, the refrigerant circuit 11 and the adsorption circuit 12 are described as separate circuits. The refrigeration system 1 may also have a configuration in which the refrigerant circuit 11 and the adsorption circuit 12 merge into a flow path. In this case, the refrigeration system 1 is part of the refrigerant circuit 11 and the adsorption circuit 12 and has a flow path through which a mixture of the refrigerant and the adsorbent circulates. Alternatively, the refrigeration system 1 may have only one circuit through which a mixture of the refrigerant and the adsorbent circulates.

[0028] The refrigeration device 1 has an adsorption section 21 and a desorption section 22. Both the adsorption section 21 and the desorption section 22 include a part of the refrigerant circuit 11 and a part of the adsorption circuit 12. In the adsorption section 21, the refrigerant from the refrigerant circuit 11 is adsorbed onto the adsorbent material flowing through the adsorption circuit 12. In the desorption section 22, the refrigerant adsorbed in the adsorption section 21 is desorbed from the adsorbent material flowing through the adsorption circuit 12.

[0029] The refrigerant circuit 11 includes a compressor 31 and an expansion mechanism 32. The compressor 31 compresses the refrigerant circulating within the refrigerant circuit 11. The expansion mechanism 32 reduces the pressure of the refrigerant circulating within the refrigerant circuit 11. The compressor 31 is, for example, a rotary compressor. The expansion mechanism 32 is, for example, an electronic expansion valve. In the refrigerant circuit 11, the refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 31, passes through the adsorption section 21, is reduced in pressure by the expansion mechanism 32, passes through the desorption section 22, and is compressed again by the compressor 31.

[0030] The refrigerant circuit 11 has a high-pressure region and a low-pressure region. In the high-pressure region, the refrigerant flows after being compressed by the compressor 31 and before being depressurized by the expansion mechanism 32. In the low-pressure region, the refrigerant flows after being depressurized by the expansion mechanism 32 and before being compressed by the compressor 31. The high-pressure region is included in the adsorption section 21. The low-pressure region is included in the desorption section 22.

[0031] The refrigerant circulating within the refrigerant circuit 11 includes at least one of carbon dioxide, hydrocarbons, ammonia, water, HFCs (hydrofluorocarbons), and HFOs (hydrofluoroolefins). The hydrocarbons are selected from the group consisting of, for example, propane, butane, and isobutane.

[0032] The adsorption circuit 12 includes a booster 41 and a pressure reducer 42. The booster 41 transports the adsorbent material to the adsorption section 21 in the adsorption circuit 12. The pressure reducer 42 transports the adsorbent material to the attachment / detachment section 22 in the adsorption circuit 12. The booster 41 is, for example, a powder pump. The pressure reducer 42 is, for example, a powder valve. In the adsorption circuit 12, the adsorbent material passes through the adsorption section 21 via the booster 41 and through the attachment / detachment section 22 via the pressure reducer 42.

[0033] The adsorption circuit 12 may further include a heat exchanger 43. The heat exchanger 43 performs heat exchange between the upstream side of the booster 41 and the upstream side of the depressurizer 42. The heat exchanger 43 transfers a portion of the heat from the adsorbent flowing between the adsorption section 21 and the depressurizer 42 to the adsorbent flowing between the desorption section 22 and the booster 41.

[0034] The adsorbent circulating in the adsorption circuit 12 includes a metal-organic structure containing metal ions and organic ligands. A metal-organic structure (MOF) is a porous material with a very large specific surface area obtained by the reaction of metal ions and organic ligands. In a metal-organic structure, a polymer structure with countless openings inside is obtained by the linkage of organic ligands with metal ions. The opening diameter and topology of the metal-organic structure can be adjusted by selecting and combining metal ions and organic ligands. By selecting and combining metal ions and organic ligands, the opening diameter of the metal-organic structure can be adjusted, making it possible to selectively adsorb target substances. For example, the metal-organic structure is used as a porous material having the function of selective storage and separation of molecules and ions. In this embodiment, the metal-organic structure is used as an adsorbent for adsorbing and desorbing a refrigerant. Examples of metal-organic structures include MOF-5, MOF-200, UiO-66, and MIL-101. The adsorbent is, for example, a powder of the metal-organic structure.

[0035] (2) Operation of the refrigeration system 1 The operation of the circulating refrigeration system 1 will be explained with reference to the drawings. The adsorbent adsorbs and desorbs the refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant circuit 11. The adsorbent adsorbs and desorbs the refrigerant in response to changes in the pressure of the refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant circuit 11. Specifically, the adsorbent adsorbs the refrigerant under high pressure and desorbs the refrigerant under low pressure.

[0036] Assume that the high-pressure region of the refrigerant circuit 11 is filled with refrigerant at pressure pH and temperature TH. Assume that the low-pressure region of the refrigerant circuit 11 is filled with refrigerant at pressure pL and temperature TL. Pressure pH is higher than pressure pL. Temperature TH is higher than temperature TL. The adsorbent adsorbs refrigerant in the high-pressure region of the refrigerant circuit 11. The adsorbent desorbs refrigerant in the low-pressure region of the refrigerant circuit 11. In the adsorption section 21, the refrigerant flowing in the high-pressure region of the refrigerant circuit 11 is adsorbed onto the adsorbent of the adsorption circuit 12. In the desorption section 22, the refrigerant is desorbed from the adsorbent flowing through the adsorption circuit 12.

[0037] The operation of the heat pump cycle of the refrigeration system 1 will be explained with reference to Figure 1-3. Figure 1-3 shows the refrigerant cycle a→b→c→d→a in the refrigerant circuit 11, and the adsorbent cycle a'→b'→c'→d'→a' in the adsorption circuit 12. The graph in Figure 2 shows the adsorption amount, which is the mass of refrigerant adsorbed on the adsorbent per unit mass, and the change in the pressure of the refrigerant adsorbed on the adsorbent, in the heat pump cycle. The graph in Figure 3 shows the adsorption amount of the adsorbent and the change in the enthalpy of the refrigerant adsorbed on the adsorbent, in the heat pump cycle. In the refrigeration system 1, it is assumed that heat can flow freely between the refrigerant circuit 11 and the adsorption circuit 12.

[0038] In the refrigerant circuit 11, the refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 31 (a→b). In the adsorption circuit 12, the adsorbent is circulated using the booster 41 (a'→b'). As a result, the pressure of the refrigerant rises from pL to pH. During this process, some of the heat Q1 generated by the adiabatic compression of the refrigerant is transferred to the adsorbent. In other words, the refrigerant is cooled by transferring heat to the adsorbent while being compressed. As a result, the temperature of the adsorbent rises from TL to TH.

[0039] Next, in the adsorption section 21, the refrigerant is gradually adsorbed onto the adsorbent while releasing heat Q2 (b'→c'). During this process, the amount of adsorption by the adsorbent increases from mL to mH. As a result, in the adsorption section 21, the refrigerant from the refrigerant circuit 11 is adsorbed onto the adsorbent of the adsorption circuit 12. In Figure 1, as indicated by the hatched arrows within the adsorption section 21, the refrigerant from the refrigerant circuit 11 is adsorbed onto the adsorbent circulating in the adsorption circuit 12.

[0040] Next, in the refrigerant circuit 11, the refrigerant is depressurized by the expansion mechanism 32 (c→d). In the adsorption circuit 12, the adsorbent is circulated by the pressure reducer 42 (c'→d'). As a result, the refrigerant pressure decreases from pH to pL. During this process, the temperature of the adsorbent decreases from TH to TL due to the isenthalpic expansion of the refrigerant desorbed from the adsorbent. Also, due to the temperature difference between the refrigerant and the adsorbent, the adsorbent in the adsorption circuit 12 is cooled, transferring heat Q3 to the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit 11. Furthermore, heat Q5 is transferred from the adsorbent before it passes through the pressure reducer 42 to the adsorbent before it passes through the pressure booster 41 by the heat exchanger 43.

[0041] Next, in the desorption section 22, the refrigerant is gradually desorbed from the adsorbent while absorbing heat Q4 (d'→a'). During this process, the amount of adsorbed material decreases from mH to mL. As a result, the refrigerant adsorbed on the adsorbent in the adsorption circuit 12 is desorbed. In Figure 1, as indicated by the hatched arrows within the desorption section 22, the refrigerant is desorbed from the adsorbent in the adsorption circuit 12 in the desorption section 22.

[0042] As shown in Figure 2, during the adsorption process (b'→c') in which the refrigerant is adsorbed onto the adsorbent, the pressure of the refrigerant is pH, and the amount of adsorbed by the adsorbent increases from mL to mH. During the desorption process (d'→a') in which the refrigerant is desorbed from the adsorbent, the pressure of the refrigerant is pL, and the amount of adsorbed by the adsorbent decreases from mH to mL. As shown in Figure 3, during the adsorption process, the enthalpy decreases by Δh1. During the desorption process, the enthalpy increases by Δh2. During the adsorption process, the heat Q2 released from the adsorption part 21 is proportional to Δh1. During the desorption process, the heat Q4 absorbed by the desorption part 22 is proportional to Δh2.

[0043] In the refrigeration device 1, heat Q2 is released in the adsorption section 21 (first heat recovery section), generating warmth, and heat Q4 is absorbed in the desorption section 22 (second heat recovery section), generating coldness. When the warmth generated in the adsorption section 21 is recovered by another heat transfer medium, the temperature of that heat transfer medium rises. When the coldness generated in the desorption section 22 is recovered by another heat transfer medium, the temperature of that heat transfer medium decreases.

[0044] (3) Detailed Configuration (3-1) First Embodiment (3-1-1) Configuration of Refrigeration Device 100 As shown in FIG. 4, the refrigeration device 100 of the first embodiment includes a refrigerant flow path 111 through which refrigerant circulates. The refrigerant flow path 111 has the functions of both the refrigerant circuit 11 and the adsorption circuit 12 in FIG. 1. The adsorbent circulates in the refrigerant flow path 111 together with the refrigerant. In other words, in the refrigeration device 100, a mixture of the refrigerant and the adsorbent (hereinafter referred to as "mixed fluid") flows in the refrigerant flow path 111.

[0045] The refrigeration device 100 is an air conditioner including an outdoor unit 20, an indoor unit 30, a first connection pipe 40, and a second connection pipe 50.

[0046] The refrigeration device 100 includes a compressor 131, a first adsorber 133, a second adsorber 134, and a refrigerant flow path 111. The refrigeration device 100 further includes an expansion mechanism 132, a switching mechanism 135, a first fan 136, a second fan 137, a first shut-off valve 141, and a second shut-off valve 142. The refrigerant flow path 111 connects the compressor 131, the expansion mechanism 132, the first adsorber 133, the second adsorber 134, the switching mechanism 135, the first shut-off valve 141, and the second shut-off valve 142.

[0047] The outdoor unit 20 is connected to the indoor unit 30 via the first connection pipe 40 and the second connection pipe 50. The refrigerant pipes inside the outdoor unit 20, the refrigerant pipes inside the indoor unit 30, the first connection pipe 40, and the second connection pipe 50 constitute the refrigerant flow path 111. Hereinafter, a part of the refrigerant flow path 111, which consists of the refrigerant pipe inside the indoor unit 30, the first connection pipe 40, and the second connection pipe 50, is referred to as an "external flow path".

[0048] The outdoor unit 20 has a compressor 131, an expansion mechanism 132, a first adsorber 133, a switching mechanism 135, a first fan 136, a first shut-off valve 141, and a second shut-off valve 142. The indoor unit 30 has a second adsorber 134 and a second fan 137. An external service port 60 is attached to the first connection pipe 40.

[0049] The compressor 131 incorporates the functions of both the compressor 31 and the booster 41 shown in Figure 1. The compressor 131 is a transport mechanism that transports the refrigerant and adsorbent within the refrigerant flow path 111. The expansion mechanism 132 incorporates the functions of both the expansion mechanism 32 and the pressure reducer 42 shown in Figure 1. The expansion mechanism 132 has the function of adjusting the amount of mixed fluid passing through the refrigerant flow path 111 by adjusting its opening, or the function of creating a pressure difference in the refrigerant flow path 111. The expansion mechanism 132 is an example of a pressure reducer, such as an electronic expansion valve or a capillary tube.

[0050] The switching mechanism 135 switches the flow direction of the mixed fluid circulating in the refrigerant flow path 111. The switching mechanism 135 is, for example, a four-way switching valve. The switching mechanism 135 is configured to switch the refrigerant flow path 111 between a first state with a flow direction shown by the solid line in Figure 4 and a second state with a flow direction shown by the dashed line in Figure 4. When the refrigerant flow path 111 is in the first state, the discharge side of the compressor 131 is connected to the first adsorbent 133, and the suction side of the compressor 131 is connected to the second adsorbent 134. When the refrigerant flow path 111 is in the second state, the discharge side of the compressor 131 is connected to the second adsorbent 134, and the suction side of the compressor 131 is connected to the first adsorbent 133.

[0051] The first adsorbent 133 and the second adsorbent 134 are heat exchangers in which the refrigerant is adsorbed onto an adsorbent or desorbed from an adsorbent. When the refrigerant flow path 111 is in the first state, the refrigerant is adsorbed onto the adsorbent in the first adsorbent 133, and the refrigerant is desorbed from the adsorbent in the second adsorbent 134. When the refrigerant flow path 111 is in the second state, the refrigerant is desorbed from the adsorbent in the first adsorbent 133, and the refrigerant is adsorbed onto the adsorbent in the second adsorbent 134. The first adsorbent 133 and the second adsorbent 134 are, for example, microchannel type heat exchangers or fin-tube type heat exchangers.

[0052] While the refrigerant flow path 111 is in the first state, heat of adsorption is generated in the first adsorbent 133 and heat of desorption is generated in the second adsorbent 134. While the refrigerant flow path 111 is in the second state, heat of desorption is generated in the first adsorbent 133 and heat of adsorption is generated in the second adsorbent 134. Heat of adsorption is the thermal heat generated when the adsorbent adsorbs the refrigerant. Heat of desorption is the cold heat generated when the adsorbent desorbs the refrigerant.

[0053] The heat of adsorption or desorption generated in the first adsorbent 133 and the second adsorbent 134 is recovered into the air surrounding the first adsorbent 133 and the second adsorbent 134. Therefore, the air surrounding the first adsorbent 133 and the second adsorbent 134 is heated by the heat of adsorption or cooled by the heat of desorption. The first fan 136 sends the air heated or cooled by the first adsorbent 133 to a predetermined location. The second fan 137 sends the air heated or cooled by the second adsorbent 134 to a predetermined location.

[0054] Thus, in the refrigeration system 100, as the mixed fluid circulates through the refrigerant flow path 111, air heated by adsorption heat or cooled by cooling heat is sent to a predetermined location. The first adsorbent 133 corresponds to an outdoor heat exchanger. The second adsorbent 134 corresponds to an indoor heat exchanger. When the refrigerant flow path 111 is in the first state, the refrigerant desorbs from the adsorbent in the second adsorbent 134, generating desorption heat. The air cooled by the desorption heat is sent to a predetermined location by the second fan 137.

[0055] The first shut-off valve 141 is a three-way valve having a first service port 141a. The second shut-off valve 142 is a three-way valve having a second service port 142a. The first shut-off valve 141 is positioned between the second adsorbent 134 and the switching mechanism 135. The second shut-off valve 142 is positioned between the expansion mechanism 132 and the second adsorbent 134. Filters may be attached to the first service port 141a and the second service port 142a to suppress the passage of adsorbent material.

[0056] The first service port 141a and the second service port 142a are used to introduce refrigerant into the refrigerant flow path 111 and to recover refrigerant from the refrigerant flow path 111. The first service port 141a and the second service port 142a are also used to evacuate at least a portion of the refrigerant flow path 111 or to introduce gas (for example, an inert gas such as nitrogen). The location and structure of the first service port 141a and the second service port 142a are not particularly limited as long as they can be used for these purposes. For example, the first service port 141a and the second service port 142a may be provided in the refrigerant piping inside the outdoor unit 20.

[0057] The external service port 60 is used to evacuate the external flow path or to introduce gas (for example, an inert gas such as nitrogen). The location and structure of the external service port 60 are not particularly limited as long as they can be used for these purposes. For example, the external service port 60 may be attached to the refrigerant piping inside the indoor unit 30 or to the second connecting pipe 50.

[0058] The refrigeration system 100 further comprises a control unit 105. The control unit 105 controls the operation of each component of the refrigeration system 100. Here, a processor is given as an example of the control unit 105. The processor consists of various computing devices such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a DSP (Digital Signal Processor), an FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array), and a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit). The processor reads various programs of the device into memory and executes them. The processor loads the programs stored in memory into the working area of ​​the memory and executes them, and by controlling each component through the execution of the programs, it realizes functions that match a predetermined purpose.

[0059] As shown in Figure 5, the control unit 105 controls the compressor 131, the expansion mechanism 132, the switching mechanism 135, the first fan 136, and the second fan 137. The control unit 105 controls the rotational speed of the compressor 131. The control unit 105 controls the timing for starting the compressor 131 and the timing for stopping the compressor 131. The control unit 105 controls the opening degree of the expansion mechanism 132. The control unit 105 controls the switching mechanism 135 to switch the refrigerant flow path 111 between a first state and a second state. The control unit 105 controls the rotational speed of the first fan 136 and the second fan 137.

[0060] (3-1-2) When the refrigerant flow path 111 of the refrigeration device 100 is in the first state, the discharge side of the compressor 131 is connected to the first adsorbent 133 (first heat recovery unit) to create a high-pressure state inside the first adsorbent 133, and the suction side of the compressor 131 is connected to the second adsorbent 134 (second heat recovery unit) to create a low-pressure state inside the second adsorbent 134. As a result, the adsorbent flowing through the refrigerant flow path 111 adsorbs refrigerant in the first adsorbent 133 (first heat recovery unit) and desorbs refrigerant in the second adsorbent 134 (second heat recovery unit).

[0061] Therefore, when the refrigerant flow path 111 is in the first state, thermal energy is recovered in the first adsorbent 133 and cold energy is recovered in the second adsorbent 134.

[0062] When the refrigerant flow path 111 is in the second state, the suction side of the compressor 131 is connected to the first adsorbent 133 (second heat recovery unit) to create a low-pressure state inside the first adsorbent 133, and the discharge side of the compressor 131 is connected to the second adsorbent 134 (first heat recovery unit) to create a high-pressure state inside the second adsorbent 134. As a result, the adsorbent flowing through the refrigerant flow path 111 adsorbs the refrigerant in the second adsorbent 134 (first heat recovery unit) and desorbs the refrigerant in the first adsorbent 133 (second heat recovery unit).

[0063] Therefore, when the refrigerant flow path 111 is in the second state, cold energy is recovered in the first adsorbent 133 and warm energy is recovered in the second adsorbent 134.

[0064] (3-1-3) Details of the Refrigeration System 100 The refrigerant flow path 111 of the refrigeration system 100 is pre-introduced with refrigerant and adsorbent. "Introduced" means the process of introducing a predetermined substance into the refrigerant flow path 111 from the outside, either newly or additionally, before shipment of the refrigeration system 100, after shipment and before installation, or after installation. "Installed" means the process of connecting the outdoor unit 20 and the indoor unit 30 with the first connecting pipe 40 and the second connecting pipe 50 and installing them in a predetermined location. The refrigeration system 100, which includes an outdoor unit 20 with refrigerant and adsorbent sealed inside with the first shut-off valve 141 and the second shut-off valve 142 closed, is in a state where the refrigerant and adsorbent are pre-introduced into the refrigerant piping inside the outdoor unit 20, which is part of the refrigerant flow path 111. Here, "pre-introduced" means a state in which the predetermined substance is unevenly distributed in a part of the refrigerant flow path 111 before shipment of the refrigeration system 100, or after shipment and before installation of the refrigeration system 100.

[0065] In this embodiment, a sufficient amount of refrigerant and adsorbent is present inside the refrigerant flow path 111. "Sufficient amount" means at least an amount that the refrigeration device 100 can recover and utilize as heat or cold in the first adsorbent 133 and the second adsorbent 134. If a sufficient amount of refrigerant or adsorbent is present inside the refrigerant flow path 111, it is not necessary to introduce any further refrigerant or adsorbent into the refrigerant flow path 111.

[0066] The control unit 105 switches the operating mode of the refrigeration unit 100. The operating modes of the refrigeration unit 100 include a first mode and a second mode. The control unit 105 switches the operating mode to execute either the first mode or the second mode.

[0067] The first mode is a mode in which the refrigeration system 100 is commissioned. Specifically, in the first mode, the control unit 105 drives the compressor 131 for a predetermined period of time to diffuse the adsorbent in the refrigerant flow path 111. "Diffusion" means the process of transitioning from a state in which the adsorbent is locally placed at a predetermined location in the refrigerant flow path 111 to a state in which the adsorbent is spread throughout the entire refrigerant flow path 111. For example, if the amount of adsorbent present inside the refrigerant flow path 111 differs depending on the location of the piping through which the refrigerant and adsorbent flow in the refrigerant flow path 111, the control unit 105 executes the first mode. As a result, the adsorbent is diffused so that the adsorbent present inside the refrigerant flow path 111 is distributed throughout the entire piping of the refrigerant flow path 111. In the first mode, the adsorbent is diffused by circulating the mixed fluid inside the refrigerant flow path 111. The refrigerant contained in the mixed fluid functions as a medium for diffusing the adsorbent.

[0068] The second mode is a mode in which the refrigeration system 100 is operated normally. Specifically, in the second mode, the control unit 105 controls the switching mechanism 135 to switch the refrigerant flow path 111 to either the first state or the second state, and drives the compressor 131 to perform rated operation. In the second mode, the heat and cold recovered by the first adsorbent 133 and the second adsorbent 134 are utilized.

[0069] The refrigeration system 100 is controlled according to steps S11 to S13 of the flowchart shown in Figure 6. Before step S11 is executed, the outdoor unit 20 is filled with a sufficient amount of refrigerant and adsorbent with the first shut-off valve 141 and the second shut-off valve 142 closed.

[0070] In step S11, the external flow path is evacuated. Specifically, the manager of the refrigeration system 100 connects a vacuum pump and a pressure gauge to the external service port 60 and drives the vacuum pump until the pressure in the external flow path falls below a predetermined value.

[0071] In step S12, the control unit 105 starts the first mode and performs a trial run of the refrigeration unit 100. Specifically, the manager of the refrigeration unit 100 drives the compressor 131 at a predetermined rotational speed for a predetermined period of time with the first shut-off valve 141 and the second shut-off valve 142 open. After the execution of the first mode is completed, the process proceeds to step S13.

[0072] In step S13, the control unit 105 starts the second mode and performs normal operation of the refrigeration unit 100.

[0073] In this embodiment, after the installation of the refrigeration device 100, if the first shut-off valve 141 and the second shut-off valve 142 are open and a sufficient amount of refrigerant and adsorbent is present inside the refrigerant flow path 111, step S11 does not need to be performed.

[0074] (3-1-4) Features In the refrigeration system 100, the control unit 105 executes the first mode and then the second mode. In other words, the control unit 105 performs a trial run to diffuse the adsorbent in the refrigerant flow path 111, and then performs a normal operation that utilizes the heat and cold recovered by the first adsorbent 133 and the second adsorbent 134. In the first mode, the control unit 105 drives the compressor 131 to circulate the adsorbent in the refrigerant flow path 111, thereby diffusing the adsorbent.

[0075] In the state before the adsorbent is diffused, in other words, when the adsorbent is locally placed at a predetermined location in the refrigerant flow path 111, for example, there may be almost no adsorbent inside the first adsorbent 133 and the second adsorbent 134. In this case, when the control unit 105 executes the second mode, the recovery of heat and cold may not be efficient in the first adsorbent 133 and the second adsorbent 134 immediately after the compressor 131 is started, which may reduce the capacity of the refrigeration system 100.

[0076] Therefore, by performing control to diffuse the adsorbent material when starting up before normal operation begins, the refrigeration system 100 can suppress a decrease in its capacity.

[0077] (3-2) Second Embodiment The basic configuration and operation of the refrigeration system 200 of the second embodiment are the same as those of the refrigeration system 100 of the first embodiment, so the differences between the refrigeration system 100 and the refrigeration system 200 will be explained in detail.

[0078] (3-2-1) Configuration of the Refrigeration System 200 The refrigeration system 200 of the second embodiment includes a refrigerant flow path 111 through which the refrigerant circulates, as shown in Figure 7. The refrigerant flow path 111 has the functions of both the refrigerant circuit 11 and the adsorption circuit 12 of Figure 1. The adsorbent circulates in the refrigerant flow path 111 together with the refrigerant. In other words, in the refrigeration system 200, the mixed fluid flows through the refrigerant flow path 111.

[0079] The refrigeration system 200 comprises a compressor 131, a first adsorbent 133, a second adsorbent 134, and a refrigerant flow path 111. The refrigeration system 200 further comprises an expansion mechanism 132, a switching mechanism 135, a first fan 136, a second fan 137, a first shut-off valve 141, and a second shut-off valve 142. The refrigerant flow path 111 connects the compressor 131, the expansion mechanism 132, the first adsorbent 133, the second adsorbent 134, the switching mechanism 135, the first shut-off valve 141, and the second shut-off valve 142. The refrigeration system 200 has the same configuration as the refrigeration system 100 of the first embodiment.

[0080] The refrigeration system 200 further includes a control unit 105. Similar to the first embodiment, the control unit 105 controls the compressor 131, expansion mechanism 132, switching mechanism 135, first fan 136, and second fan 137, as shown in Figure 5.

[0081] (3-2-2) The detailed control unit 105 of the refrigeration unit 200 switches the operating mode of the refrigeration unit 200 to execute either the first mode or the second mode, similar to the first embodiment.

[0082] In a portion of the refrigerant flow path 111 of the refrigeration system 200, the refrigerant piping inside the outdoor unit 20 is pre-filled with refrigerant and adsorbent. In this embodiment, refrigerant is present inside the refrigerant flow path 111, but not in sufficient quantities, and a sufficient amount of adsorbent is present. Therefore, it is necessary to introduce refrigerant into the refrigerant flow path 111 before executing the first and second modes. Specifically, the control unit 105 executes the first mode with the refrigerant flow path 111, which already contains adsorbent and refrigerant, and with additional refrigerant introduced during installation.

[0083] The refrigeration system 200 is controlled according to steps S21 to S24 of the flowchart shown in Figure 8. Before step S21 is executed, with the first shut-off valve 141 and the second shut-off valve 142 closed, the outdoor unit 20 is filled with a refrigerant that is less than a sufficient amount and a sufficient amount of adsorbent.

[0084] In step S21, the refrigerant flow path 111 is evacuated. Specifically, the manager of the refrigeration system 200 connects a vacuum pump and pressure gauge to the first service port 141a, the second service port 142a, or the external service port 60 with the first shut-off valve 141 and the second shut-off valve 142 open, and drives the vacuum pump until the pressure in the refrigerant flow path 111 falls below a predetermined value, thereby evacuating the refrigerant flow path 111.

[0085] In addition, in step S21, vacuuming of only the external flow path may be performed. Specifically, the manager of the refrigeration system 200 connects a vacuum pump and a pressure gauge to the external service port 60 with the first shut-off valve 141 and the second shut-off valve 142 closed, and drives the vacuum pump until the pressure in the external flow path falls below a predetermined value, thereby performing vacuuming of the external flow path.

[0086] In step S22, refrigerant is introduced into the refrigerant flow path 111. Specifically, the manager of the refrigeration system 200 connects a cylinder containing refrigerant to the first service port 141a or the second service port 142a to introduce refrigerant into the refrigerant flow path 111. After step S22 is performed, a sufficient amount of refrigerant is present in the refrigerant flow path 111.

[0087] In step S23, the control unit 105 starts the first mode and performs a trial run of the refrigeration unit 200. Specifically, the manager of the refrigeration unit 200 drives the compressor 131 at a predetermined rotational speed for a predetermined period of time with the first shut-off valve 141 and the second shut-off valve 142 open. After the execution of the first mode is completed, the process proceeds to step S24.

[0088] In step S24, the control unit 105 starts the second mode and performs normal operation of the refrigeration unit 200.

[0089] (3-2-3) The feature control unit 105, when refrigerant is present in the refrigerant flow path 111 but not in sufficient quantity, introduces additional refrigerant into the refrigerant flow path 111 during the installation of the refrigeration system 200 and then executes the first mode. If there is not enough refrigerant in the refrigerant flow path 111, there will be insufficient refrigerant, which is the medium for diffusing the adsorbent, and therefore the adsorbent may not be sufficiently diffused when the first mode is executed. The refrigeration system 200 can suppress the occurrence of this problem by ensuring that there is a sufficient amount of refrigerant in the refrigerant flow path 111 when the first mode is executed.

[0090] Furthermore, the refrigeration system 200 can suppress a decrease in its capacity by performing control to diffuse the adsorbent material when it is started up before the start of normal operation.

[0091] (3-3) Third Embodiment The basic configuration and operation of the refrigeration system 300 of the third embodiment are the same as those of the refrigeration system 200 of the second embodiment, so the differences between the refrigeration system 200 and the refrigeration system 300 will be explained in detail.

[0092] (3-3-1) Configuration of the Refrigeration System 300 The refrigeration system 300 of the third embodiment includes a refrigerant flow path 111 through which the refrigerant circulates, as shown in Figure 9. The refrigerant flow path 111 has the functions of both the refrigerant circuit 11 and the adsorption circuit 12 of Figure 1. The adsorbent circulates in the refrigerant flow path 111 together with the refrigerant. In other words, in the refrigeration system 300, the mixed fluid flows through the refrigerant flow path 111.

[0093] The refrigeration system 300 comprises a compressor 131, a first adsorbent 133, a second adsorbent 134, and a refrigerant flow path 111. The refrigeration system 300 further comprises an expansion mechanism 132, a switching mechanism 135, a first fan 136, a second fan 137, a first shut-off valve 141, a second shut-off valve 142, and a first port 143. The refrigerant flow path 111 connects the compressor 131, the expansion mechanism 132, the first adsorbent 133, the second adsorbent 134, the switching mechanism 135, the first shut-off valve 141, the second shut-off valve 142, and the first port 143. The refrigeration system 300 has a configuration in which the first port 143 is added to the refrigeration system 200 of the second embodiment.

[0094] The first port 143 is provided in the piping connecting the first adsorbent 133 and the switching mechanism 135. The first port 143 has a first opening and a second opening. The first opening communicates with the space outside the refrigerant flow path 111. The second opening communicates with the refrigerant flow path 111. The second opening is connected to the piping of the refrigerant flow path 111. The second opening is positioned below the first opening. In other words, the first port 143 is positioned so as to be upward relative to the horizontal. The inner diameter of the first port 143 is smaller than the diameter of the piping of the refrigerant flow path 111 to which the first port 143 is connected. The first port 143 has a first on-off valve 143a and a second on-off valve 143b. The first on-off valve 143a and the second on-off valve 143b are provided between the first opening and the second opening. The first on-off valve 143a is provided on the side of the first opening. The second on-off valve 143b is provided on the side of the second opening. Hereinafter, in the first port 143, the portion between the first on-off valve 143a and the second on-off valve 143b will be referred to as the "adsorbent introduction channel." The second on-off valve 143b is positioned between the adsorbent introduction channel and the refrigerant channel 111.

[0095] The first port 143 is used to introduce the adsorbent into the refrigerant flow path 111. The location and structure of the first port 143 are not particularly limited, as long as they are suitable for this purpose. The adsorbent is introduced through the first opening and passes through the first on-off valve 143a, the second on-off valve 143b, and the second opening into the refrigerant flow path 111. The first on-off valve 143a and the second on-off valve 143b are closed except when introducing the adsorbent into the refrigerant flow path 111.

[0096] The refrigeration device 300 may further include an adsorbent container 151 for introducing an adsorbent into the refrigerant flow path 111. The adsorbent container 151 is detachable from the refrigerant flow path 111. The adsorbent container 151 has an introduction port 151a. The introduction port 151a is configured to be connectable to the first opening of the first port 143. The introduction port 151a is provided with an openable and closable introduction valve 151b.

[0097] The adsorbent container 151 is a container in which an adsorbent is sealed. Before being installed in the refrigerant flow path 111, the adsorbent container 151 is sealed with the adsorbent and refrigerant that are to be introduced into the refrigerant flow path 111. The introduction valve 151b of the adsorbent container 151 is closed except when the introduction port 151a is connected to the first opening of the first port 143.

[0098] The refrigeration system 300 further comprises a control unit 105. Similar to the first embodiment, the control unit 105 controls the compressor 131, expansion mechanism 132, switching mechanism 135, first fan 136, and second fan 137, as shown in Figure 5.

[0099] (3-3-2) The detailed control unit 105 of the refrigeration unit 300 switches the operating mode of the refrigeration unit 300 to execute either the first mode or the second mode, similar to the first embodiment.

[0100] In a portion of the refrigerant flow path 111 of the refrigeration system 300, the refrigerant piping inside the outdoor unit 20 is pre-filled with refrigerant and adsorbent. In this embodiment, a sufficient amount of refrigerant is present inside the refrigerant flow path 111, and although adsorbent is present, it is not in sufficient quantity. Therefore, it is necessary to introduce adsorbent into the refrigerant flow path 111 before executing the first and second modes. Specifically, the control unit 105 executes the first mode with the refrigerant flow path 111, which already contains adsorbent and refrigerant, and with additional adsorbent introduced during installation.

[0101] When the adsorbent is introduced into the refrigerant flow path 111 without using the adsorbent container 151, the refrigeration system 300 is controlled according to steps S31 to S35 of the flowchart shown in Figure 10. Before step S31 is executed, the outdoor unit 20 is filled with a sufficient amount of refrigerant and a less than sufficient amount of adsorbent, with the first shut-off valve 141 and the second shut-off valve 142 closed. The first on-off valve 143a and the second on-off valve 143b are closed.

[0102] In step S31, the adsorbent is introduced into the adsorbent introduction channel from the first port 143. Specifically, the manager of the refrigeration system 300 opens the first on-off valve 143a with the second on-off valve 143b closed and directly puts the adsorbent into the first opening of the first port 143. For example, the manager of the refrigeration system 300 inserts a funnel into the first opening of the first port 143 and pours the adsorbent from the container into the funnel, thereby putting the adsorbent into the first opening of the first port 143. Since the first opening of the first port 143 is located above the second opening, the adsorbent put into the first opening falls due to gravity and reaches the second on-off valve 143b, where it is introduced into the adsorbent introduction channel.

[0103] In step S32, the adsorbent introduction channel is evacuated. In other words, in step S32, the portion that was in communication with the outside air when the adsorbent was introduced in step S31 is evacuated. Specifically, the manager of the refrigeration system 300 connects a vacuum pump and a pressure gauge to the first port 143 with the second on-off valve 143b closed, and drives the vacuum pump until the pressure in the adsorbent introduction channel falls below a predetermined value. The device used to evacuate the adsorbent introduction channel in step S32 preferably includes a filter. For example, when a vacuum pump is used to evacuate the adsorbent introduction channel, the vacuum pump preferably includes a filter attached to the air intake. By including a filter, the adsorbent introduced into the adsorbent introduction channel in step S31 is prevented from flowing out of the refrigerant channel 111. After step S32 is executed, the first on-off valve 143a is closed.

[0104] In step S32, the external flow path is evacuated. Specifically, the manager of the refrigeration system 300 connects a vacuum pump and a pressure gauge to the external service port 60 and drives the vacuum pump until the pressure in the external flow path falls below a predetermined value, thereby evacuating the external flow path.

[0105] In step S33, the adsorbent is introduced into the refrigerant flow path 111. Specifically, the manager of the refrigeration system 300 opens the second on-off valve 143b and introduces the adsorbent from the adsorbent introduction channel into the refrigerant flow path 111 by gravity. After step S33 is performed, the second on-off valve 143b is closed. After step S33 is performed, a sufficient amount of adsorbent is present in the refrigerant flow path 111.

[0106] In step S34, the control unit 105 starts the first mode and performs a trial run of the refrigeration unit 300. Specifically, the manager of the refrigeration unit 300 drives the compressor 131 at a predetermined rotational speed for a predetermined period of time with the first shut-off valve 141 and the second shut-off valve 142 open. After the execution of the first mode is completed, the process proceeds to step S35.

[0107] In step S35, the control unit 105 starts the second mode and performs normal operation of the refrigeration unit 300.

[0108] When introducing adsorbent material into the refrigerant flow path 111 using the adsorbent container 151, the refrigeration device 300 is controlled according to steps S31' to S34' of the flowchart shown in Figure 11. Step S31' may be performed after step S32'. Before step S31' is performed, the outdoor unit 20 is filled with a sufficient amount of refrigerant and a less than sufficient amount of adsorbent, with the first shut-off valve 141 and the second shut-off valve 142 closed. The first on-off valve 143a and the second on-off valve 143b are closed.

[0109] In step S31', the external flow path is evacuated. Specifically, the manager of the refrigeration system 300 connects a vacuum pump and pressure gauge to the external service port 60 and drives the vacuum pump until the pressure in the external flow path falls below a predetermined value, thereby evacuating the external flow path.

[0110] In step S32', the adsorbent is introduced into the refrigerant flow path 111 from the first port 143. Specifically, the administrator of the refrigeration system 300 connects the introduction port 151a of the adsorbent container 151 to the first port 143. In this state, the introduction port 151a of the adsorbent container 151 is facing downwards. Next, the administrator of the refrigeration system 300 opens the introduction valve 151b of the adsorbent container 151, and the first on-off valve 143a and the second on-off valve 143b of the first port 143. As a result, the adsorbent inside the adsorbent container 151 falls due to gravity, passes through the introduction valve 151b, and enters the first opening of the first port 143. Since the first opening of the first port 143 is located above the second opening, the adsorbent placed in the first opening falls due to gravity, reaches the second opening, and is introduced into the refrigerant flow path 111. In step S32', with the introduction port 151a of the adsorbent container 151 connected to the first port 143, the internal pressure of the adsorbent container 151 may be increased to push the adsorbent inside the adsorbent container 151 toward the first port 143. In this case, the adsorbent container 151 has, for example, a pressurizing port used to increase the internal pressure. For example, a cylinder filled with refrigerant is connected to the pressurizing port. After step S32' is performed, the first on-off valve 143a and the second on-off valve 143b are closed. After step S32' is performed, a sufficient amount of adsorbent is present in the refrigerant flow path 111. Step S32' may be performed before step S31'.

[0111] In step S33', the control unit 105 starts the first mode and performs a trial run of the refrigeration unit 300. Specifically, the manager of the refrigeration unit 300 drives the compressor 131 at a predetermined rotational speed for a predetermined period of time with the first shut-off valve 141 and the second shut-off valve 142 open. After the execution of the first mode is completed, the process proceeds to step S34'.

[0112] In step S34', the control unit 105 starts the second mode and performs normal operation of the refrigeration unit 300.

[0113] (3-3-3) If there is adsorbent material inside the refrigerant flow path 111 but not a sufficient amount, the feature control unit 105 will introduce additional adsorbent material into the refrigerant flow path 111 during the installation of the refrigeration system 300 and then execute the first mode. If there is not a sufficient amount of adsorbent material inside the refrigerant flow path 111, there is a risk that the first adsorbent 133 and the second adsorbent 134 will not be sufficiently recovered when the second mode is executed. The refrigeration system 300 can suppress the occurrence of this problem by ensuring that there is a sufficient amount of adsorbent material inside the refrigerant flow path 111 when the second mode is executed.

[0114] Furthermore, the refrigeration system 300 can suppress a decrease in its capacity by performing control to diffuse the adsorbent material when it is started up before the start of normal operation.

[0115] (3-4) Fourth Embodiment The basic configuration and operation of the refrigeration system 400 of the fourth embodiment are the same as those of the refrigeration system 300 of the third embodiment, so the differences between the refrigeration system 300 and the refrigeration system 400 will be explained in detail.

[0116] (3-4-1) Configuration of the Refrigeration System 400 The refrigeration system 400 of the fourth embodiment includes a refrigerant flow path 111 through which the refrigerant circulates, as shown in Figure 12. The refrigerant flow path 111 has the functions of both the refrigerant circuit 11 and the adsorption circuit 12 of Figure 1. The adsorbent circulates in the refrigerant flow path 111 together with the refrigerant. In other words, in the refrigeration system 400, the mixed fluid flows through the refrigerant flow path 111.

[0117] The refrigeration system 400 includes a compressor 131, a first adsorbent 133, a second adsorbent 134, and a refrigerant flow path 111. The refrigeration system 400 further includes an expansion mechanism 132, a switching mechanism 135, a first fan 136, a second fan 137, a first shut-off valve 141, a second shut-off valve 142, and a first port 143. The refrigerant flow path 111 connects the compressor 131, the expansion mechanism 132, the first adsorbent 133, the second adsorbent 134, the switching mechanism 135, the first shut-off valve 141, the second shut-off valve 142, and the first port 143. The refrigeration system 400 may further include an adsorbent container 151. The refrigeration system 400 has the same configuration as the refrigeration system 300 of the third embodiment.

[0118] The refrigeration system 400 further comprises a control unit 105. Similar to the first embodiment, the control unit 105 controls the compressor 131, expansion mechanism 132, switching mechanism 135, first fan 136, and second fan 137, as shown in Figure 5.

[0119] (3-4-2) The detailed control unit 105 of the refrigeration unit 400 switches the operating mode of the refrigeration unit 400 to execute either the first mode or the second mode, similar to the first embodiment.

[0120] In a portion of the refrigerant flow path 111 of the refrigeration system 400, the refrigerant piping inside the outdoor unit 20 is pre-filled with refrigerant and adsorbent. In this embodiment, refrigerant is present in the refrigerant flow path 111, but not in sufficient quantities, and adsorbent is present, but not in sufficient quantities. Therefore, it is necessary to introduce additional refrigerant and adsorbent into the refrigerant flow path 111 before executing the first and second modes. Specifically, the control unit 105 executes the first mode with the refrigerant flow path 111, which already contains pre-filled adsorbent and refrigerant, having additional adsorbent and refrigerant introduced during installation.

[0121] When the adsorbent is introduced into the refrigerant flow path 111 without using the adsorbent container 151, the refrigeration system 400 is controlled according to steps S41 to S46 of the flowchart shown in Figure 13. Before step S41 is executed, the outdoor unit 20 is filled with a less than sufficient amount of refrigerant and a less than sufficient amount of adsorbent, with the first shut-off valve 141 and the second shut-off valve 142 closed. The first on-off valve 143a and the second on-off valve 143b are closed.

[0122] In step S41, the adsorbent is introduced into the adsorbent introduction channel from the first port 143. Specifically, the manager of the refrigeration system 400 opens the first on-off valve 143a with the second on-off valve 143b closed and directly puts the adsorbent into the first opening of the first port 143. For example, the manager of the refrigeration system 400 inserts a funnel into the first opening of the first port 143 and pours the adsorbent from a container into the funnel, thereby putting the adsorbent into the first opening of the first port 143. Since the first opening of the first port 143 is located above the second opening, the adsorbent put into the first opening falls due to gravity and reaches the second on-off valve 143b, where it is introduced into the adsorbent introduction channel.

[0123] In step S42, the adsorbent introduction channel is evacuated. In other words, in step S42, the portion that was in communication with the outside air when the adsorbent was introduced in step S41 is evacuated. Specifically, the manager of the refrigeration system 400 connects a vacuum pump and a pressure gauge to the first port 143 with the second on-off valve 143b closed, and drives the vacuum pump until the pressure in the adsorbent introduction channel falls below a predetermined value. The device used to evacuate the adsorbent introduction channel in step S42 preferably includes a filter. For example, when a vacuum pump is used to evacuate the adsorbent introduction channel, the vacuum pump preferably includes a filter attached to the air intake. By including a filter, the adsorbent introduced into the adsorbent introduction channel in step S41 is prevented from flowing out of the refrigerant channel 111. After step S42 is executed, the first on-off valve 143a is closed.

[0124] In step S42, the external flow path is evacuated. Specifically, the manager of the refrigeration system 400 connects a vacuum pump and pressure gauge to the external service port 60 and drives the vacuum pump until the pressure in the external flow path falls below a predetermined value, thereby evacuating the external flow path.

[0125] In step S43, the adsorbent is introduced into the refrigerant flow path 111. Specifically, the manager of the refrigeration system 400 opens the second on-off valve 143b and introduces the adsorbent from the adsorbent introduction channel into the refrigerant flow path 111 by gravity. After step S43 is performed, the second on-off valve 143b is closed. After step S43 is performed, a sufficient amount of adsorbent is present in the refrigerant flow path 111.

[0126] In step S44, refrigerant is introduced into the refrigerant flow path 111. Specifically, the manager of the refrigeration system 400 connects a cylinder containing refrigerant to the first service port 141a or the second service port 142a to introduce refrigerant into the refrigerant flow path 111. After step S44 is performed, a sufficient amount of refrigerant is present in the refrigerant flow path 111.

[0127] In step S45, the control unit 105 starts the first mode and performs a trial run of the refrigeration unit 400. Specifically, the manager of the refrigeration unit 400 drives the compressor 131 at a predetermined rotational speed for a predetermined period of time with the first shut-off valve 141 and the second shut-off valve 142 open. After the execution of the first mode is completed, the process proceeds to step S46.

[0128] In step S46, the control unit 105 starts the second mode and performs normal operation of the refrigeration unit 400.

[0129] When introducing adsorbent material into the refrigerant flow path 111 using the adsorbent container 151, the refrigeration system 400 is controlled according to steps S41' to S45' of the flowchart shown in Figure 14. Step S42' may be performed after step S43'. Before step S41' is performed, the outdoor unit 20 is filled with a less than sufficient amount of refrigerant and a less than sufficient amount of adsorbent, with the first shut-off valve 141 and the second shut-off valve 142 closed. The first on-off valve 143a and the second on-off valve 143b are closed.

[0130] In step S41', the external flow path is evacuated. Specifically, the manager of the refrigeration system 400 connects a vacuum pump and pressure gauge to the external service port 60 and drives the vacuum pump until the pressure in the external flow path falls below a predetermined value, thereby evacuating the external flow path.

[0131] In step S42', the adsorbent is introduced into the refrigerant flow path 111 from the first port 143. Specifically, the administrator of the refrigeration system 400 connects the introduction port 151a of the adsorbent container 151 to the first port 143. In this state, the introduction port 151a of the adsorbent container 151 is facing downwards. Next, the administrator of the refrigeration system 400 opens the introduction valve 151b of the adsorbent container 151, and the first on-off valve 143a and the second on-off valve 143b of the first port 143. As a result, the adsorbent inside the adsorbent container 151 falls due to gravity, passes through the introduction valve 151b, and enters the first opening of the first port 143. Since the first opening of the first port 143 is located above the second opening, the adsorbent placed in the first opening falls due to gravity, reaches the second opening, and is introduced into the refrigerant flow path 111. In step S42', with the introduction port 151a of the adsorbent container 151 connected to the first port 143, the internal pressure of the adsorbent container 151 may be increased to push the adsorbent inside the adsorbent container 151 toward the first port 143. In this case, the adsorbent container 151 has, for example, a pressurizing port used to increase the internal pressure. For example, a cylinder filled with refrigerant is connected to the pressurizing port. After step S42' is performed, the first on-off valve 143a and the second on-off valve 143b are closed. After step S42' is performed, a sufficient amount of adsorbent is present in the refrigerant flow path 111.

[0132] In step S43', refrigerant is introduced into the refrigerant flow path 111. Specifically, the administrator of the refrigeration system 400 connects a cylinder containing refrigerant to the first service port 141a or the second service port 142a to introduce refrigerant into the refrigerant flow path 111. After step S43' is performed, a sufficient amount of refrigerant is present in the refrigerant flow path 111.

[0133] In step S44', the control unit 105 starts the first mode and performs a trial run of the refrigeration unit 400. Specifically, the manager of the refrigeration unit 400 drives the compressor 131 at a predetermined rotational speed for a predetermined period of time with the first shut-off valve 141 and the second shut-off valve 142 open. After the execution of the first mode is completed, the process proceeds to step S45'.

[0134] In step S45', the control unit 105 starts the second mode and performs normal operation of the refrigeration unit 400.

[0135] (3-4-3) The feature control unit 105, when there is an adsorbent and refrigerant inside the refrigerant flow path 111 but not a sufficient amount of adsorbent and refrigerant, introduces additional adsorbent and refrigerant into the refrigerant flow path 111 during the installation of the refrigeration system 400 and then executes the first mode. If there is not a sufficient amount of adsorbent inside the refrigerant flow path 111, there is a risk that the heat and cold will not be sufficiently recovered in the first adsorbent 133 and the second adsorbent 134 when the second mode is executed. The refrigeration system 400 can suppress the occurrence of this problem by ensuring that there is a sufficient amount of adsorbent inside the refrigerant flow path 111 when the second mode is executed. If there is not a sufficient amount of refrigerant inside the refrigerant flow path 111, there is a risk that the adsorbent will not be sufficiently diffused when the first mode is executed. The refrigeration system 400 can suppress the occurrence of this problem by ensuring that there is a sufficient amount of refrigerant inside the refrigerant flow path 111 when the first mode is executed.

[0136] Furthermore, the refrigeration system 400 can suppress a decrease in its capacity by performing control to diffuse the adsorbent material when it is started up before the start of normal operation.

[0137] (3-5) Fifth Embodiment The basic configuration and operation of the refrigeration system 500 of the fifth embodiment are the same as those of the refrigeration system 200 of the second embodiment, so the differences between the refrigeration system 200 and the refrigeration system 500 will be explained in detail.

[0138] (3-5-1) Configuration of the Refrigeration System 500 The refrigeration system 500 of the fifth embodiment includes a refrigerant flow path 111 through which the refrigerant circulates, as shown in Figure 15. The refrigerant flow path 111 has the functions of both the refrigerant circuit 11 and the adsorption circuit 12 of Figure 1. The adsorbent circulates in the refrigerant flow path 111 together with the refrigerant. In other words, in the refrigeration system 500, the mixed fluid flows through the refrigerant flow path 111.

[0139] The refrigeration system 500 comprises a compressor 131, a first adsorbent 133, a second adsorbent 134, and a refrigerant flow path 111. The refrigeration system 500 further comprises an expansion mechanism 132, a switching mechanism 135, a first fan 136, a second fan 137, a first shut-off valve 141, and a second shut-off valve 142. The refrigerant flow path 111 connects the compressor 131, the expansion mechanism 132, the first adsorbent 133, the second adsorbent 134, the switching mechanism 135, the first shut-off valve 141, and the second shut-off valve 142. The refrigeration system 500 has the same configuration as the refrigeration system 200 of the second embodiment.

[0140] The refrigeration system 500 further includes a control unit 105. Similar to the first embodiment, the control unit 105 controls the compressor 131, expansion mechanism 132, switching mechanism 135, first fan 136, and second fan 137, as shown in Figure 5.

[0141] (3-5-2) The detailed control unit 105 of the refrigeration unit 500 switches the operating mode of the refrigeration unit 500 to execute either the first mode or the second mode, similar to the first embodiment.

[0142] In a portion of the refrigerant flow path 111 of the refrigeration system 500, adsorbent material is pre-introduced into the refrigerant piping inside the outdoor unit 20. In this embodiment, there is no refrigerant inside the refrigerant flow path 111, and a sufficient amount of adsorbent material is present. Therefore, it is necessary to introduce refrigerant into the refrigerant flow path 111 before executing the first and second modes. Specifically, the control unit 105 executes the first mode in the refrigerant flow path 111, in which only the adsorbent material (among the adsorbent and refrigerant) has been pre-introduced, with the refrigerant introduced at the time of installation.

[0143] The refrigeration system 500 is controlled according to steps S51 to S54 of the flowchart shown in Figure 16. Before step 51 is executed, the first shut-off valve 141 and the second shut-off valve 142 are closed, the outdoor unit 20 is not filled with refrigerant, and is filled with a sufficient amount of adsorbent.

[0144] In step S51, the refrigerant flow path 111 is evacuated. Specifically, the manager of the refrigeration system 500 connects a vacuum pump and pressure gauge to the first service port 141a, the second service port 142a, or the external service port 60 with the first shut-off valve 141 and the second shut-off valve 142 open, and drives the vacuum pump until the pressure in the refrigerant flow path 111 falls below a predetermined value, thereby evacuating the refrigerant flow path 111.

[0145] In step S52, refrigerant is introduced into the refrigerant flow path 111. Specifically, the administrator of the refrigeration system 500 connects a cylinder containing refrigerant to the first service port 141a or the second service port 142a to introduce refrigerant into the refrigerant flow path 111. After step S52 is performed, a sufficient amount of refrigerant is present in the refrigerant flow path 111.

[0146] In step S53, the control unit 105 starts the first mode and performs a trial run of the refrigeration unit 500. Specifically, the manager of the refrigeration unit 500 drives the compressor 131 at a predetermined rotational speed for a predetermined period of time with the first shut-off valve 141 and the second shut-off valve 142 open. After the execution of the first mode is completed, the process proceeds to step S54.

[0147] In step S54, the control unit 105 starts the second mode and performs normal operation of the refrigeration unit 500.

[0148] (3-5-3) The feature control unit 105 executes the first mode after introducing refrigerant into the refrigerant flow path 111 when the refrigeration system 500 is installed, if there is no refrigerant inside the refrigerant flow path 111. If there is not a sufficient amount of refrigerant inside the refrigerant flow path 111, the adsorbent may not diffuse sufficiently when the first mode is executed. The refrigeration system 500 can suppress the occurrence of this problem by ensuring that there is a sufficient amount of refrigerant inside the refrigerant flow path 111 when the first mode is executed.

[0149] Furthermore, the refrigeration system 500 can suppress a decrease in its capacity by performing control to diffuse the adsorbent material when it is started up before the start of normal operation.

[0150] (3-6) Sixth Embodiment The basic configuration and operation of the refrigeration system 600 of the sixth embodiment are the same as those of the refrigeration system 300 of the third embodiment, so the differences between the refrigeration system 300 and the refrigeration system 600 will be explained in detail.

[0151] (3-6-1) Configuration of the Refrigeration System 600 The refrigeration system 600 of the sixth embodiment includes a refrigerant flow path 111 through which the refrigerant circulates, as shown in Figure 17. The refrigerant flow path 111 has the functions of both the refrigerant circuit 11 and the adsorption circuit 12 of Figure 1. The adsorbent circulates in the refrigerant flow path 111 together with the refrigerant. In other words, in the refrigeration system 600, the mixed fluid flows through the refrigerant flow path 111.

[0152] The refrigeration system 600 comprises a compressor 131, a first adsorbent 133, a second adsorbent 134, and a refrigerant flow path 111. The refrigeration system 600 further comprises an expansion mechanism 132, a switching mechanism 135, a first fan 136, a second fan 137, a first shut-off valve 141, a second shut-off valve 142, and a first port 143. The refrigerant flow path 111 connects the compressor 131, the expansion mechanism 132, the first adsorbent 133, the second adsorbent 134, the switching mechanism 135, the first shut-off valve 141, the second shut-off valve 142, and the first port 143. The refrigeration system 600 may further comprise an adsorbent container 151. The refrigeration system 600 has the same configuration as the refrigeration system 300 of the third embodiment.

[0153] The refrigeration system 600 further includes a control unit 105. Similar to the first embodiment, the control unit 105 controls the compressor 131, expansion mechanism 132, switching mechanism 135, first fan 136, and second fan 137, as shown in Figure 5.

[0154] (3-6-2) The detailed control unit 105 of the refrigeration unit 600 switches the operating mode of the refrigeration unit 600 to execute either the first mode or the second mode, similar to the first embodiment.

[0155] Adsorbent material is pre-introduced into a portion of the refrigerant flow path 111 of the refrigeration system 600, specifically into the refrigerant piping inside the outdoor unit 20. In this embodiment, there is no refrigerant inside the refrigerant flow path 111, and although adsorbent material is present, there is not a sufficient amount of it. Therefore, it is necessary to introduce additional refrigerant and adsorbent material into the refrigerant flow path 111 before executing the first and second modes. Specifically, the control unit 105 executes the first mode with the refrigerant flow path 111, which already has adsorbent material pre-introduced, and with additional adsorbent material and refrigerant introduced during installation.

[0156] When the adsorbent is introduced into the refrigerant flow path 111 without using the adsorbent container 151, the refrigeration device 600 is controlled according to steps S61 to S65 of the flowchart shown in Figure 18. Before step 61 is executed, the first shut-off valve 141 and the second shut-off valve 142 are closed, the outdoor unit 20 is not filled with refrigerant, and is filled with an amount of adsorbent that is less than a sufficient amount. The first on-off valve 143a and the second on-off valve 143b are closed. In this embodiment, the refrigeration device 600 may have only the first on-off valve 143a and not the second on-off valve 143b.

[0157] In step S61, adsorbent material is introduced into the refrigerant flow path 111 from the first port 143. Specifically, the manager of the refrigeration system 600 opens the first on-off valve 143a and the second on-off valve 143b and directly puts the adsorbent material into the first opening of the first port 143. For example, the manager of the refrigeration system 600 inserts a funnel into the first opening of the first port 143 and pours the adsorbent material from a container into the funnel, thereby putting the adsorbent material into the first opening of the first port 143. Since the first opening of the first port 143 is located above the second opening, the adsorbent material put into the first opening falls due to gravity, reaches the second opening, and is introduced into the refrigerant flow path 111. After step S61 is performed, the first on-off valve 143a and the second on-off valve 143b are closed. After step S61 is performed, a sufficient amount of adsorbent material is present in the refrigerant flow path 111.

[0158] In step S62, the refrigerant flow path 111 is evacuated. Specifically, the manager of the refrigeration system 600 connects a vacuum pump and pressure gauge to the first service port 141a, the second service port 142a, or the external service port 60 with the first shut-off valve 141 and the second shut-off valve 142 open, and drives the vacuum pump until the pressure in the refrigerant flow path 111 falls below a predetermined value.

[0159] In step S63, refrigerant is introduced into the refrigerant flow path 111. Specifically, the administrator of the refrigeration system 600 connects a cylinder containing refrigerant to the first service port 141a or the second service port 142a to introduce refrigerant into the refrigerant flow path 111. After step S63 is performed, a sufficient amount of refrigerant is present in the refrigerant flow path 111.

[0160] In step S64, the control unit 105 starts the first mode and performs a trial run of the refrigeration unit 600. Specifically, the manager of the refrigeration unit 600 drives the compressor 131 at a predetermined rotational speed for a predetermined period of time with the first shut-off valve 141 and the second shut-off valve 142 open. After the execution of the first mode is completed, the process proceeds to step S65.

[0161] In step S65, the control unit 105 starts the second mode and performs normal operation of the refrigeration unit 600.

[0162] When introducing adsorbent material into the refrigerant flow path 111 using the adsorbent container 151, the refrigeration device 600 is controlled according to steps S61' to S65' of the flowchart shown in Figure 19. Step S62' may be performed after step S63'. Before step 61' is performed, with the first shut-off valve 141 and the second shut-off valve 142 closed, the outdoor unit 20 is not filled with refrigerant and is filled with less than a sufficient amount of adsorbent material. The first on-off valve 143a and the second on-off valve 143b are closed.

[0163] In step S61', the refrigerant flow path 111 is evacuated. Specifically, the manager of the refrigeration system 600 connects a vacuum pump and pressure gauge to the first service port 141a, the second service port 142a, or the external service port 60 with the first shut-off valve 141 and the second shut-off valve 142 open, and drives the vacuum pump until the pressure in the refrigerant flow path 111 falls below a predetermined value, thereby evacuating the refrigerant flow path 111.

[0164] In step S62', the adsorbent is introduced into the refrigerant flow path 111 from the first port 143. Specifically, the administrator of the refrigeration system 600 connects the introduction port 151a of the adsorbent container 151 to the first port 143. In this state, the introduction port 151a of the adsorbent container 151 is facing downwards. Next, the administrator of the refrigeration system 600 opens the introduction valve 151b of the adsorbent container 151, and the first on-off valve 143a and the second on-off valve 143b of the first port 143. As a result, the adsorbent inside the adsorbent container 151 falls due to gravity, passes through the introduction valve 151b, and enters the first opening of the first port 143. Since the first opening of the first port 143 is located above the second opening, the adsorbent placed in the first opening falls due to gravity, reaches the second opening, and is introduced into the refrigerant flow path 111. In step S62', with the introduction port 151a of the adsorbent container 151 connected to the first port 143, the internal pressure of the adsorbent container 151 may be increased to push the adsorbent inside the adsorbent container 151 toward the first port 143. In this case, the adsorbent container 151 has, for example, a pressurizing port used to increase the internal pressure. For example, a cylinder filled with refrigerant is connected to the pressurizing port. After step S62' is performed, the first on-off valve 143a and the second on-off valve 143b are closed. After step S62' is performed, a sufficient amount of adsorbent is present in the refrigerant flow path 111.

[0165] In step S63', refrigerant is introduced into the refrigerant flow path 111. Specifically, the administrator of the refrigeration system 600 connects a cylinder containing refrigerant to the first service port 141a or the second service port 142a to introduce refrigerant into the refrigerant flow path 111. After step S63' is performed, a sufficient amount of refrigerant is present in the refrigerant flow path 111.

[0166] In step S64', the control unit 105 starts the first mode and performs a trial run of the refrigeration unit 600. Specifically, the manager of the refrigeration unit 600 drives the compressor 131 at a predetermined speed for a predetermined period of time with the first shut-off valve 141 and the second shut-off valve 142 open. After the execution of the first mode is completed, the process proceeds to step S65'.

[0167] In step S65', the control unit 105 starts the second mode and performs normal operation of the refrigeration unit 600.

[0168] (3-6-3) The feature control unit 105, when an adsorbent is present inside the refrigerant flow path 111 but not in sufficient quantity and no refrigerant is present, introduces additional adsorbent and refrigerant into the refrigerant flow path 111 during the installation of the refrigeration system 600 and then executes the first mode. If an adsorbent is not present inside the refrigerant flow path 111, there is a risk that the heat and cold will not be sufficiently recovered in the first adsorbent 133 and the second adsorbent 134 when the second mode is executed. The refrigeration system 600 can suppress the occurrence of this problem by ensuring that an adsorbent is present inside the refrigerant flow path 111 when the second mode is executed. If an adsorbent is not present inside the refrigerant flow path 111, there is a risk that the adsorbent will not be sufficiently diffused when the first mode is executed. The refrigeration system 600 can suppress the occurrence of this problem by ensuring that an adsorbent is present inside the refrigerant flow path 111 when the first mode is executed.

[0169] Furthermore, the refrigeration system 600 can suppress a decrease in its capacity by performing control to diffuse the adsorbent material when it is started up before the start of normal operation.

[0170] (3-7) Seventh Embodiment The basic configuration and operation of the refrigeration system 700 of the seventh embodiment are the same as those of the refrigeration system 300 of the third embodiment, so the differences between the refrigeration system 300 and the refrigeration system 700 will be explained in detail.

[0171] (3-7-1) Configuration of the Refrigeration System 700 The refrigeration system 700 of the seventh embodiment includes a refrigerant flow path 111 through which the refrigerant circulates, as shown in Figure 20. The refrigerant flow path 111 has the functions of both the refrigerant circuit 11 and the adsorption circuit 12 of Figure 1. The adsorbent circulates in the refrigerant flow path 111 together with the refrigerant. In other words, in the refrigeration system 700, the mixed fluid flows through the refrigerant flow path 111.

[0172] The refrigeration system 700 includes a compressor 131, a first adsorbent 133, a second adsorbent 134, and a refrigerant flow path 111. The refrigeration system 700 further includes an expansion mechanism 132, a switching mechanism 135, a first fan 136, a second fan 137, a first shut-off valve 141, a second shut-off valve 142, and a first port 143. The refrigerant flow path 111 connects the compressor 131, the expansion mechanism 132, the first adsorbent 133, the second adsorbent 134, the switching mechanism 135, the first shut-off valve 141, the second shut-off valve 142, and the first port 143. The refrigeration system 700 may further include an adsorbent container 151. The refrigeration system 700 has the same configuration as the refrigeration system 300 of the third embodiment.

[0173] The refrigeration system 700 further includes a control unit 105. Similar to the first embodiment, the control unit 105 controls the compressor 131, expansion mechanism 132, switching mechanism 135, first fan 136, and second fan 137, as shown in Figure 5.

[0174] (3-7-2) The detailed control unit 105 of the refrigeration unit 700 switches the operating mode of the refrigeration unit 700 to execute either the first mode or the second mode, similar to the first embodiment.

[0175] A portion of the refrigerant flow path 111 of the refrigeration system 700, specifically the refrigerant piping inside the outdoor unit 20, has refrigerant already introduced into it. In this embodiment, a sufficient amount of refrigerant is present inside the refrigerant flow path 111, and no adsorbent material is present. Therefore, it is necessary to introduce adsorbent material into the refrigerant flow path 111 before executing the first and second modes. Specifically, the control unit 105 executes the first mode with the refrigerant flow path 111, which already has only the refrigerant (of the adsorbent and refrigerant) introduced into it, and with the adsorbent material added during installation.

[0176] When the adsorbent is introduced into the refrigerant flow path 111 without using the adsorbent container 151, the refrigeration system 700 is controlled according to steps S71 to S75 of the flowchart shown in Figure 21. Before step 71 is executed, the first shut-off valve 141 and the second shut-off valve 142 are closed, a sufficient amount of refrigerant is sealed in the outdoor unit 20, and no adsorbent is sealed in it. The first on-off valve 143a and the second on-off valve 143b are closed.

[0177] In step S71, the adsorbent is introduced into the adsorbent introduction channel from the first port 143. Specifically, the manager of the refrigeration system 700 opens the first on-off valve 143a with the second on-off valve 143b closed and directly puts the adsorbent into the first opening of the first port 143. For example, the manager of the refrigeration system 700 inserts a funnel into the first opening of the first port 143 and pours the adsorbent from the container into the funnel, thereby putting the adsorbent into the first opening of the first port 143. Since the first opening of the first port 143 is located above the second opening, the adsorbent put into the first opening falls due to gravity and reaches the second on-off valve 143b, where it is introduced into the adsorbent introduction channel.

[0178] In step S72, the adsorbent introduction channel is evacuated. In other words, in step S72, the portion that was in communication with the outside air when the adsorbent was introduced in step S71 is evacuated. Specifically, the manager of the refrigeration system 700 connects a vacuum pump and a pressure gauge to the first port 143 with the second on-off valve 143b closed, and drives the vacuum pump until the pressure in the adsorbent introduction channel falls below a predetermined value. The device used to evacuate the adsorbent introduction channel in step S72 preferably includes a filter. For example, when a vacuum pump is used to evacuate the adsorbent introduction channel, the vacuum pump preferably includes a filter attached to the air intake. By including a filter, the adsorbent introduced into the adsorbent introduction channel in step S71 is prevented from flowing out of the refrigerant channel 111. After step S72 is executed, the first on-off valve 143a is closed.

[0179] In step S72, the external flow path is evacuated. Specifically, the manager of the refrigeration system 700 connects a vacuum pump and pressure gauge to the external service port 60 and drives the vacuum pump until the pressure in the external flow path falls below a predetermined value, thereby evacuating the external flow path.

[0180] In step S73, the adsorbent is introduced into the refrigerant flow path 111. Specifically, the manager of the refrigeration system 700 opens the second on-off valve 143b and introduces the adsorbent from the adsorbent introduction channel into the refrigerant flow path 111 by gravity. After step S73 is performed, the second on-off valve 143b is closed. After step S73 is performed, a sufficient amount of adsorbent is present in the refrigerant flow path 111.

[0181] In step S74, the control unit 105 starts the first mode and performs a trial run of the refrigeration unit 700. Specifically, the manager of the refrigeration unit 700 drives the compressor 131 at a predetermined rotational speed for a predetermined period of time with the first shut-off valve 141 and the second shut-off valve 142 open. After the execution of the first mode is completed, the process proceeds to step S75.

[0182] In step S75, the control unit 105 starts the second mode and performs normal operation of the refrigeration unit 700.

[0183] When introducing adsorbent material into the refrigerant flow path 111 using the adsorbent container 151, the refrigeration device 700 is controlled according to steps S71' to S74' of the flowchart shown in Figure 22. Step S71' may be performed after step S72'. Before step 71' is performed, the outdoor unit 20 is filled with a sufficient amount of refrigerant and has not been filled with adsorbent material, with the first shut-off valve 141 and the second shut-off valve 142 closed. The first on-off valve 143a and the second on-off valve 143b are closed.

[0184] In step S71', the external flow path is evacuated. Specifically, the manager of the refrigeration system 700 connects a vacuum pump and pressure gauge to the external service port 60 and drives the vacuum pump until the pressure in the external flow path falls below a predetermined value, thereby evacuating the external flow path.

[0185] In step S72', the adsorbent is introduced into the refrigerant flow path 111 from the first port 143. Specifically, the administrator of the refrigeration system 700 connects the introduction port 151a of the adsorbent container 151 to the first port 143. In this state, the introduction port 151a of the adsorbent container 151 is facing downwards. Next, the administrator of the refrigeration system 700 opens the introduction valve 151b of the adsorbent container 151, and the first on-off valve 143a and the second on-off valve 143b of the first port 143. As a result, the adsorbent inside the adsorbent container 151 falls due to gravity, passes through the introduction valve 151b, and enters the first opening of the first port 143. Since the first opening of the first port 143 is located above the second opening, the adsorbent placed in the first opening falls due to gravity, reaches the second opening, and is introduced into the refrigerant flow path 111. In step S72', with the introduction port 151a of the adsorbent container 151 connected to the first port 143, the internal pressure of the adsorbent container 151 may be increased to push the adsorbent inside the adsorbent container 151 toward the first port 143. In this case, the adsorbent container 151 has, for example, a pressurizing port used to increase the internal pressure. For example, a cylinder filled with refrigerant is connected to the pressurizing port. After step S72' is performed, the first on-off valve 143a and the second on-off valve 143b are closed. After step S72' is performed, a sufficient amount of adsorbent is present in the refrigerant flow path 111. Step S72' may be performed before step S71'.

[0186] In step S73', the control unit 105 starts the first mode and performs a trial run of the refrigeration unit 700. Specifically, the manager of the refrigeration unit 700 drives the compressor 131 at a predetermined rotational speed for a predetermined period of time with the first shut-off valve 141 and the second shut-off valve 142 open. After the execution of the first mode is completed, the process proceeds to step S74'.

[0187] In step S74', the control unit 105 starts the second mode and performs normal operation of the refrigeration unit 700.

[0188] (3-7-3) The feature control unit 105 executes the first mode after introducing adsorbent material into the refrigerant flow path 111 when the refrigeration system 700 is installed, if there is no adsorbent material inside the refrigerant flow path 111. If there is not a sufficient amount of adsorbent material inside the refrigerant flow path 111, there is a risk that the first adsorbent 133 and the second adsorbent 134 will not recover enough heat and cold when the second mode is executed. The refrigeration system 700 can suppress the occurrence of this problem by ensuring that there is a sufficient amount of adsorbent material inside the refrigerant flow path 111 when the second mode is executed.

[0189] Furthermore, the refrigeration system 700 can suppress a decrease in its capacity by performing control to diffuse the adsorbent material when it is started up before the start of normal operation.

[0190] (3-8) Eighth Embodiment The basic configuration and operation of the refrigeration system 800 of the eighth embodiment are the same as those of the refrigeration system 300 of the third embodiment, so the differences between the refrigeration system 300 and the refrigeration system 800 will be explained in detail.

[0191] (3-8-1) Configuration of the Refrigeration System 800 The refrigeration system 800 of the eighth embodiment includes a refrigerant flow path 111 through which the refrigerant circulates, as shown in Figure 23. The refrigerant flow path 111 has the functions of both the refrigerant circuit 11 and the adsorption circuit 12 of Figure 1. The adsorbent circulates in the refrigerant flow path 111 together with the refrigerant. In other words, in the refrigeration system 800, the mixed fluid flows through the refrigerant flow path 111.

[0192] The refrigeration system 800 includes a compressor 131, a first adsorbent 133, a second adsorbent 134, and a refrigerant flow path 111. The refrigeration system 800 further includes an expansion mechanism 132, a switching mechanism 135, a first fan 136, a second fan 137, a first shut-off valve 141, a second shut-off valve 142, and a first port 143. The refrigerant flow path 111 connects the compressor 131, the expansion mechanism 132, the first adsorbent 133, the second adsorbent 134, the switching mechanism 135, the first shut-off valve 141, the second shut-off valve 142, and the first port 143. The refrigeration system 800 may further include an adsorbent container 151. The refrigeration system 800 has the same configuration as the refrigeration system 300 of the third embodiment.

[0193] The refrigeration system 800 further includes a control unit 105. Similar to the first embodiment, the control unit 105 controls the compressor 131, expansion mechanism 132, switching mechanism 135, first fan 136, and second fan 137, as shown in Figure 5.

[0194] (3-8-2) The detailed control unit 105 of the refrigeration unit 800 switches the operating mode of the refrigeration unit 800 to execute either the first mode or the second mode, similar to the first embodiment.

[0195] A portion of the refrigerant flow path 111 of the refrigeration system 800, specifically the refrigerant piping inside the outdoor unit 20, has refrigerant pre-introduced into it. In this embodiment, refrigerant is present inside the refrigerant flow path 111, but not in sufficient quantity, and no adsorbent is present. Therefore, before executing the first and second modes, it is necessary to additionally introduce refrigerant and adsorbent into the refrigerant flow path 111. Specifically, the control unit 105 executes the first mode with the refrigerant flow path 111, which initially only had refrigerant pre-introduced, now having additional adsorbent and refrigerant introduced during installation.

[0196] When the adsorbent is introduced into the refrigerant flow path 111 without using the adsorbent container 151, the refrigeration system 800 is controlled according to steps S81 to S86 of the flowchart shown in Figure 24. Before step 81 is executed, the first shut-off valve 141 and the second shut-off valve 142 are closed, the outdoor unit 20 is filled with less than a sufficient amount of refrigerant, and no adsorbent is filled. The first on-off valve 143a and the second on-off valve 143b are closed.

[0197] In step S81, the adsorbent is introduced into the adsorbent introduction channel from the first port 143. Specifically, the manager of the refrigeration system 800 opens the first on-off valve 143a with the second on-off valve 143b closed and directly puts the adsorbent into the first opening of the first port 143. For example, the manager of the refrigeration system 800 inserts a funnel into the first opening of the first port 143 and pours the adsorbent from a container into the funnel, thereby putting the adsorbent into the first opening of the first port 143. Since the first opening of the first port 143 is located above the second opening, the adsorbent put into the first opening falls due to gravity and reaches the second on-off valve 143b, where it is introduced into the adsorbent introduction channel.

[0198] In step S82, the adsorbent introduction channel is evacuated. In other words, in step S82, the portion that was in communication with the outside air when the adsorbent was introduced in step S81 is evacuated. Specifically, the manager of the refrigeration system 800 connects a vacuum pump and a pressure gauge to the first port 143 with the second on-off valve 143b closed, and drives the vacuum pump until the pressure in the adsorbent introduction channel falls below a predetermined value. The device used to evacuate the adsorbent introduction channel in step S82 preferably includes a filter. For example, when a vacuum pump is used to evacuate the adsorbent introduction channel, the vacuum pump preferably includes a filter attached to the air intake. By including a filter, the adsorbent introduced into the adsorbent introduction channel in step S81 is prevented from flowing out of the refrigerant channel 111. After step S82 is executed, the first on-off valve 143a is closed.

[0199] In step S82, the external flow path is evacuated. Specifically, the manager of the refrigeration system 800 connects a vacuum pump and a pressure gauge to the external service port 60 and drives the vacuum pump until the pressure in the external flow path falls below a predetermined value, thereby evacuating the external flow path.

[0200] In step S83, adsorbent material is introduced into the refrigerant flow path 111. Specifically, the manager of the refrigeration system 800 opens the second on-off valve 143b and introduces the adsorbent material from the adsorbent introduction channel into the refrigerant flow path 111 by gravity. After step S83 is performed, the second on-off valve 143b is closed. After step S83 is performed, a sufficient amount of adsorbent material is present in the refrigerant flow path 111.

[0201] In step S84, refrigerant is introduced into the refrigerant flow path 111. Specifically, the administrator of the refrigeration system 800 connects a cylinder containing refrigerant to the first service port 141a or the second service port 142a to introduce refrigerant into the refrigerant flow path 111. After step S84 is performed, a sufficient amount of refrigerant is present in the refrigerant flow path 111.

[0202] In step S85, the control unit 105 starts the first mode and performs a trial run of the refrigeration unit 800. Specifically, the manager of the refrigeration unit 800 drives the compressor 131 at a predetermined rotational speed for a predetermined period of time with the first shut-off valve 141 and the second shut-off valve 142 open. After the execution of the first mode is completed, the process proceeds to step S86.

[0203] In step S86, the control unit 105 starts the second mode and performs normal operation of the refrigeration unit 800.

[0204] When introducing adsorbent material into the refrigerant flow path 111 using the adsorbent container 151, the refrigeration device 800 is controlled according to steps S81' to S85' of the flowchart shown in Figure 25. Step S82' may be performed after step S83'. Before step 81' is performed, with the first shut-off valve 141 and the second shut-off valve 142 closed, the outdoor unit 20 is filled with less than a sufficient amount of refrigerant and does not contain any adsorbent material. The first on-off valve 143a and the second on-off valve 143b are closed.

[0205] In step S81', the external flow path is evacuated. Specifically, the manager of the refrigeration system 800 connects a vacuum pump and pressure gauge to the external service port 60 and drives the vacuum pump until the pressure in the external flow path falls below a predetermined value, thereby evacuating the external flow path.

[0206] In step S82', the adsorbent is introduced into the refrigerant flow path 111 from the first port 143. Specifically, the administrator of the refrigeration system 800 connects the introduction port 151a of the adsorbent container 151 to the first port 143. In this state, the introduction port 151a of the adsorbent container 151 is facing downwards. Next, the administrator of the refrigeration system 800 opens the introduction valve 151b of the adsorbent container 151, and the first on-off valve 143a and the second on-off valve 143b of the first port 143. As a result, the adsorbent inside the adsorbent container 151 falls due to gravity, passes through the introduction valve 151b, and enters the first opening of the first port 143. Since the first opening of the first port 143 is located above the second opening, the adsorbent placed in the first opening falls due to gravity, reaches the second opening, and is introduced into the refrigerant flow path 111. In step S82', with the introduction port 151a of the adsorbent container 151 connected to the first port 143, the internal pressure of the adsorbent container 151 may be increased to push the adsorbent inside the adsorbent container 151 toward the first port 143. In this case, the adsorbent container 151 has, for example, a pressurizing port used to increase the internal pressure. For example, a cylinder filled with refrigerant is connected to the pressurizing port. After step S82' is performed, the first on-off valve 143a and the second on-off valve 143b are closed. After step S82' is performed, a sufficient amount of adsorbent is present in the refrigerant flow path 111.

[0207] In step S83', refrigerant is introduced into the refrigerant flow path 111. Specifically, the administrator of the refrigeration system 800 connects a cylinder containing refrigerant to the first service port 141a or the second service port 142a to introduce refrigerant into the refrigerant flow path 111. After step S83' is performed, a sufficient amount of refrigerant is present in the refrigerant flow path 111.

[0208] In step S84', the control unit 105 starts the first mode and performs a trial run of the refrigeration unit 800. Specifically, the manager of the refrigeration unit 800 drives the compressor 131 at a predetermined speed for a predetermined period of time with the first shut-off valve 141 and the second shut-off valve 142 open. After the execution of the first mode is completed, the process proceeds to step S85'.

[0209] In step S85', the control unit 105 starts the second mode and performs normal operation of the refrigeration unit 800.

[0210] (3-8-3) The feature control unit 105, when there is no adsorbent inside the refrigerant flow path 111 and there is a refrigerant present but not in sufficient quantity, introduces additional adsorbent and refrigerant into the refrigerant flow path 111 during the installation of the refrigeration system 800 and then executes the first mode. If there is not a sufficient quantity of adsorbent inside the refrigerant flow path 111, there is a risk that the heat and cold will not be sufficiently recovered in the first adsorbent 133 and the second adsorbent 134 when the second mode is executed. The refrigeration system 800 can suppress the occurrence of this problem by ensuring that there is a sufficient quantity of adsorbent inside the refrigerant flow path 111 when the second mode is executed. If there is not a sufficient quantity of refrigerant inside the refrigerant flow path 111, there is a risk that the adsorbent will not be sufficiently diffused when the first mode is executed. The refrigeration system 800 can suppress the occurrence of this problem by ensuring that there is a sufficient quantity of refrigerant inside the refrigerant flow path 111 when the first mode is executed.

[0211] Furthermore, the refrigeration system 800 can suppress a decrease in its capacity by performing control to diffuse the adsorbent material when it is started up before the start of normal operation.

[0212] (3-9) Ninth Embodiment The basic configuration and operation of the refrigeration system 900 of the ninth embodiment are the same as those of the refrigeration system 300 of the third embodiment, so the differences between the refrigeration system 300 and the refrigeration system 900 will be explained in detail.

[0213] (3-9-1) Configuration of the Refrigeration System 900 The refrigeration system 900 of the ninth embodiment includes a refrigerant flow path 111 through which the refrigerant circulates, as shown in Figure 26. The refrigerant flow path 111 has the functions of both the refrigerant circuit 11 and the adsorption circuit 12 of Figure 1. The adsorbent circulates in the refrigerant flow path 111 together with the refrigerant. In other words, in the refrigeration system 900, the mixed fluid flows through the refrigerant flow path 111.

[0214] The refrigeration system 900 includes a compressor 131, a first adsorbent 133, a second adsorbent 134, and a refrigerant flow path 111. The refrigeration system 900 further includes an expansion mechanism 132, a switching mechanism 135, a first fan 136, a second fan 137, a first shut-off valve 141, a second shut-off valve 142, and a first port 143. The refrigerant flow path 111 connects the compressor 131, the expansion mechanism 132, the first adsorbent 133, the second adsorbent 134, the switching mechanism 135, the first shut-off valve 141, the second shut-off valve 142, and the first port 143. The refrigeration system 900 may further include an adsorbent container 151. The refrigeration system 900 has the same configuration as the refrigeration system 300 of the third embodiment.

[0215] The refrigeration system 900 further comprises a control unit 105. Similar to the first embodiment, the control unit 105 controls the compressor 131, expansion mechanism 132, switching mechanism 135, first fan 136, and second fan 137, as shown in Figure 5.

[0216] (3-9-2) The detailed control unit 105 of the refrigeration unit 900 switches the operating mode of the refrigeration unit 900 to execute either the first mode or the second mode, similar to the first embodiment.

[0217] In this embodiment, neither refrigerant nor adsorbent is present inside the refrigerant flow path 111. Therefore, it is necessary to introduce refrigerant and adsorbent into the refrigerant flow path 111 before executing the first and second modes. Specifically, the control unit 105 executes the first mode with the adsorbent and refrigerant added to the refrigerant flow path 111 during installation.

[0218] When the adsorbent is introduced into the refrigerant flow path 111 without using the adsorbent container 151, the refrigeration system 900 is controlled according to steps S91 to S95 of the flowchart shown in Figure 27. Before step 91 is executed, the outdoor unit 20 is not filled with refrigerant or adsorbent, with the first shut-off valve 141 and the second shut-off valve 142 closed. The first on-off valve 143a and the second on-off valve 143b are closed.

[0219] In step S91, adsorbent material is introduced into the refrigerant flow path 111 from the first port 143. Specifically, the manager of the refrigeration system 900 opens the first on-off valve 143a and the second on-off valve 143b and directly puts the adsorbent material into the first opening of the first port 143. For example, the manager of the refrigeration system 900 inserts a funnel into the first opening of the first port 143 and pours the adsorbent material from a container into the funnel, thereby putting the adsorbent material into the first opening of the first port 143. Since the first opening of the first port 143 is located above the second opening, the adsorbent material put into the first opening falls due to gravity, reaches the second opening, and is introduced into the refrigerant flow path 111. After step S91 is performed, the first on-off valve 143a and the second on-off valve 143b are closed. After step S91 is performed, a sufficient amount of adsorbent material is present in the refrigerant flow path 111.

[0220] In step S92, the refrigerant flow path 111 is evacuated. Specifically, the manager of the refrigeration system 900 connects a vacuum pump and pressure gauge to the first service port 141a, the second service port 142a, or the external service port 60 with the first shut-off valve 141 and the second shut-off valve 142 open, and drives the vacuum pump until the pressure in the refrigerant flow path 111 falls below a predetermined value.

[0221] In step S93, refrigerant is introduced into the refrigerant flow path 111. Specifically, the administrator of the refrigeration system 900 connects a cylinder containing refrigerant to the first service port 141a or the second service port 142a to introduce refrigerant into the refrigerant flow path 111. After step S93 is performed, a sufficient amount of refrigerant is present in the refrigerant flow path 111.

[0222] In step S94, the control unit 105 starts the first mode and performs a trial run of the refrigeration unit 900. Specifically, the manager of the refrigeration unit 900 drives the compressor 131 at a predetermined rotational speed for a predetermined period of time with the first shut-off valve 141 and the second shut-off valve 142 open. After the execution of the first mode is completed, the process proceeds to step S95.

[0223] In step S95, the control unit 105 starts the second mode and performs normal operation of the refrigeration unit 900.

[0224] When introducing adsorbent material into the refrigerant flow path 111 using the adsorbent container 151, the refrigeration device 900 is controlled according to steps S91' to S95' of the flowchart shown in Figure 28. Step S92' may be performed after step S93'. Before step 91' is performed, the outdoor unit 20 is not filled with refrigerant and adsorbent material, with the first shut-off valve 141 and the second shut-off valve 142 closed. The first on-off valve 143a and the second on-off valve 143b are closed.

[0225] In step S91', the refrigerant flow path 111 is evacuated. Specifically, the manager of the refrigeration system 900 connects a vacuum pump and pressure gauge to the first service port 141a, the second service port 142a, or the external service port 60 with the first shut-off valve 141 and the second shut-off valve 142 open, and drives the vacuum pump until the pressure in the refrigerant flow path 111 falls below a predetermined value, thereby evacuating the refrigerant flow path 111.

[0226] In step S92', the adsorbent is introduced into the refrigerant flow path 111 from the first port 143. Specifically, the administrator of the refrigeration system 900 connects the introduction port 151a of the adsorbent container 151 to the first port 143. In this state, the introduction port 151a of the adsorbent container 151 is facing downwards. Next, the administrator of the refrigeration system 900 opens the introduction valve 151b of the adsorbent container 151, and the first on-off valve 143a and the second on-off valve 143b of the first port 143. As a result, the adsorbent inside the adsorbent container 151 falls due to gravity, passes through the introduction valve 151b, and enters the first opening of the first port 143. Since the first opening of the first port 143 is located above the second opening, the adsorbent placed in the first opening falls due to gravity, reaches the second opening, and is introduced into the refrigerant flow path 111. In step S92', with the introduction port 151a of the adsorbent container 151 connected to the first port 143, the internal pressure of the adsorbent container 151 may be increased to push the adsorbent inside the adsorbent container 151 toward the first port 143. In this case, the adsorbent container 151 has, for example, a pressurizing port used to increase the internal pressure. For example, a cylinder filled with refrigerant is connected to the pressurizing port. After step S92' is performed, the first on-off valve 143a and the second on-off valve 143b are closed. After step S92' is performed, a sufficient amount of adsorbent is present in the refrigerant flow path 111.

[0227] In step S93', refrigerant is introduced into the refrigerant flow path 111. Specifically, the administrator of the refrigeration system 900 connects a cylinder containing refrigerant to the first service port 141a or the second service port 142a to introduce refrigerant into the refrigerant flow path 111. After step S93' is performed, a sufficient amount of refrigerant is present in the refrigerant flow path 111.

[0228] In step S94', the control unit 105 starts the first mode and performs a trial run of the refrigeration unit 900. Specifically, the manager of the refrigeration unit 900 drives the compressor 131 at a predetermined rotational speed for a predetermined period of time with the first shut-off valve 141 and the second shut-off valve 142 open. After the execution of the first mode is completed, the process proceeds to step S95'.

[0229] In step S95', the control unit 105 starts the second mode and performs normal operation of the refrigeration unit 900.

[0230] (3-9-3) The feature control unit 105, when there is no adsorbent and refrigerant inside the refrigerant flow path 111, introduces additional adsorbent and refrigerant into the refrigerant flow path 111 during the installation of the refrigeration system 900, and then executes the first mode. If there is not a sufficient amount of adsorbent inside the refrigerant flow path 111, there is a risk that the heat and cold will not be sufficiently recovered in the first adsorbent 133 and the second adsorbent 134 when the second mode is executed. The refrigeration system 900 can suppress the occurrence of this problem by ensuring that there is a sufficient amount of adsorbent inside the refrigerant flow path 111 when the second mode is executed. If there is not a sufficient amount of refrigerant inside the refrigerant flow path 111, there is a risk that the adsorbent will not be sufficiently diffused when the first mode is executed. The refrigeration system 900 can suppress the occurrence of this problem by ensuring that there is a sufficient amount of refrigerant inside the refrigerant flow path 111 when the first mode is executed.

[0231] Furthermore, the refrigeration system 900 can suppress a decrease in its capacity by performing control to diffuse the adsorbent material when it is started up before the start of normal operation.

[0232] (4) Modified Examples (4-1) Modified Example A The refrigeration devices 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, and 900 of the first to ninth embodiments (hereinafter referred to as "refrigeration device 100-900") may further include a mechanism for separating the refrigerant and adsorbent in the refrigerant flow path 111.

[0233] As an example of this modification, Figure 29 shows a refrigeration device 300', which is a modification of the refrigeration device 300 of the third embodiment. The refrigeration device 300' further includes a separation unit 144. The separation unit 144 separates the mixed fluid in the refrigerant flow path 111 into refrigerant and adsorbent. The separation unit 144 is, for example, a container having a mechanism for centrifuging the adsorbent by swirling the mixed fluid inside. As shown in Figure 29, the separation unit 144 is located between the switching mechanism 135 and the suction side of the compressor 131. The position and structure of the separation unit 144 are not particularly limited as long as it has the function of separating the refrigerant and adsorbent in the refrigerant flow path 111.

[0234] The separation section 144 is connected to the first pipe 111a, the second pipe 111b, and the third pipe 111c. The first pipe 111a, the second pipe 111b, and the third pipe 111c are part of the refrigerant flow path 111. The first pipe 111a is connected to the switching mechanism 135. The second pipe 111b is connected to the suction side of the compressor 131. The third pipe 111c is connected to the piping that connects the switching mechanism 135 to the discharge side of the compressor 131.

[0235] The mixed fluid, from which heat or cold has been recovered after passing through the first adsorbent 133 or the second adsorbent 134, flows through the first pipe 111a and into the separation unit 144. In the separation unit 144, the mixed fluid is separated into refrigerant and adsorbent. The refrigerant separated in the separation unit 144 flows through the second pipe 111b and is supplied to the suction side of the compressor 131. The adsorbent separated in the separation unit 144 flows through the third pipe 111c and is supplied to the discharge side of the compressor 131. The separation unit 144 prevents the adsorbent contained in the mixed fluid from being supplied to the suction side of the compressor 131.

[0236] In the refrigeration device 300', as shown in Figure 29, the first port 143 may be attached to the separation unit 144. If the separation unit 144 is a container, the first port 143 is provided on the upper part of the casing of the separation unit 144. When the adsorbent is introduced into the refrigerant flow path 111 without using the adsorbent container 151, the refrigeration device 300' is controlled according to steps S31 to S35 of the flowchart shown in Figure 10. When the adsorbent is introduced into the refrigerant flow path 111 using the adsorbent container 151, the refrigeration device 300' is controlled according to steps S31' to S35' of the flowchart shown in Figure 11.

[0237] Similarly, if the refrigeration devices 400, 600-900 of the fourth, sixth to ninth embodiments further include a separation unit 144, the first port 143 may be attached to the separation unit 144.

[0238] (4-2) Modification B The refrigeration devices 300, 400, 600-900 of the third, fourth, sixth to ninth embodiments may be equipped with a separation circuit instead of the first port 143 as a mechanism for introducing the adsorbent into the refrigerant flow path 111. The separation circuit recovers the adsorbent from the refrigerant flow path 111 or introduces the adsorbent into the refrigerant flow path 111.

[0239] As an example of this modification, Figure 30 shows a refrigeration device 300'' which is a modification of the refrigeration device 300 of the third embodiment. The refrigeration device 300'' further includes a separation circuit 145. The separation circuit 145 is attached to the piping that connects the discharge side of the compressor 131 and the switching mechanism 135.

[0240] The separation circuit 145 includes a recovery unit 146, a fourth pipe 145a, a fifth pipe 145b, a sixth pipe 145c, a fourth on-off valve 146a, a fifth on-off valve 146b, and a sixth on-off valve 146c. The recovery unit 146 separates the mixed fluid into a refrigerant and an adsorbent. The recovery unit 146 is, for example, a container having a mechanism for centrifuging the adsorbent by swirling the mixed fluid inside. The recovery unit 146 can be attached to and detached from the refrigerant flow path 111. The fourth pipe 145a, the fifth pipe 145b, and the sixth pipe 145c are connected to the recovery unit 146. The fourth pipe 145a, the fifth pipe 145b, and the sixth pipe 145c are connected to the piping that connects the discharge side of the compressor 131 to the switching mechanism 135. The fourth on-off valve 146a is provided on the fourth pipe 145a. The fifth on-off valve 146b is provided on the fifth pipe 145b. The sixth on-off valve 146c is provided on the sixth pipe 145c. If the recovery unit 146 is a container, the fourth pipe 145a and the fifth pipe 145b are provided on the upper part of the casing of the recovery unit 146, and the sixth pipe 145c is provided on the bottom part of the casing of the recovery unit 146.

[0241] When recovering the adsorbent from the refrigerant flow path 111, the fourth on-off valve 146a and the fifth on-off valve 146b are opened, and the sixth on-off valve 146c is closed. In this state, the mixed fluid in the refrigerant flow path 111 flows through the fourth pipe 145a and into the recovery section 146. In the recovery section 146, the mixed fluid is separated into refrigerant and adsorbent. The refrigerant separated in the recovery section 146 flows through the fifth pipe 145b and is returned to the refrigerant flow path 111. The adsorbent separated in the recovery section 146 is stored in the recovery section 146 and recovered.

[0242] When introducing adsorbent material into the refrigerant flow path 111, the fourth on-off valve 146a and the fifth on-off valve 146b are closed, and the sixth on-off valve 146c is opened. In this state, the adsorbent material stored in the recovery unit 146 flows through the sixth pipe 145c and is introduced into the refrigerant flow path 111.

[0243] During normal operation, the fourth on-off valve 146a, the fifth on-off valve 146b, and the sixth on-off valve 146c are closed. In this state, it is possible to remove the recovery unit 146 from the refrigerant flow path 111 or to attach the recovery unit 146 to the refrigerant flow path 111. When the recovery unit 146 is removed from the refrigerant flow path 111, it is possible to remove the adsorbent from the recovery unit 146 or to seal the adsorbent into the recovery unit 146.

[0244] The separation circuit 145 is not particularly limited in position or structure, as long as it has the function of recovering the adsorbent circulating in the refrigerant flow path 111 or introducing the adsorbent into the refrigerant flow path 111.

[0245] In the refrigeration device 300'', the first port 143 may be attached to the recovery unit 146, as shown in Figure 30. If the recovery unit 146 is a container, the first port 143 is provided on the upper part of the casing of the recovery unit 146.

[0246] The refrigeration unit 300'' is controlled according to steps S31'' to S35'' of the flowchart shown in Figure 31. Before step S31'' is performed, the recovery unit 146 is either attached to the refrigerant flow path 111 or removed from the refrigerant flow path 111. The recovery unit 146 is pre-filled with adsorbent and refrigerant for introduction into the refrigerant flow path 111. The fourth on-off valve 146a, the fifth on-off valve 146b, and the sixth on-off valve 146c are closed. If the recovery unit 146 is removed from the refrigerant flow path 111, step S31'' is not performed. Before step S31'' is performed, with the first shut-off valve 141 and the second shut-off valve 142 closed, the outdoor unit 20 is filled with less than a sufficient amount of adsorbent or is not filled with adsorbent.

[0247] In step S31'', the recovery unit 146 is attached to the refrigerant flow path 111. Specifically, the manager of the refrigeration system 300 connects the fourth pipe 145a, the fifth pipe 145b, and the sixth pipe 145c to the recovery unit 146. At this time, the manager of the refrigeration system 300 may also connect the fourth pipe 145a, the fifth pipe 145b, and the sixth pipe 145c to the recovery unit 146 while removing refrigerant from the recovery unit 146. The process of removing refrigerant from the recovery unit 146 is performed, for example, by connecting a suction pump or the like to the first port 143.

[0248] In step S32'', the refrigerant flow path 111 is evacuated. Specifically, the administrator of the refrigeration system 300 opens the sixth on-off valve 146c with the first shut-off valve 141 and the second shut-off valve 142 open, connects a vacuum pump and pressure gauge to the first service port 141a, the second service port 142a, or the external service port 60, and drives the vacuum pump until the pressure in the refrigerant flow path 111 falls below a predetermined value. As a result, the adsorbent inside the recovery unit 146 is sucked out and introduced into the refrigerant flow path 111. After step S32'', a sufficient amount of adsorbent is present in the refrigerant flow path 111. After step S32'', the administrator of the refrigeration system 300 may close the sixth on-off valve 146c and remove the recovery unit 146 from the refrigerant flow path 111.

[0249] In step S33'', refrigerant is introduced into the refrigerant flow path 111. Specifically, the manager of the refrigeration system 300 connects a cylinder containing refrigerant to the first service port 141a or the second service port 142a to introduce refrigerant into the refrigerant flow path 111. After step S33'' is performed, a sufficient amount of refrigerant is present in the refrigerant flow path 111.

[0250] In step S34'', the control unit 105 starts the first mode and performs a trial run of the refrigeration unit 300''. Specifically, the manager of the refrigeration unit 300'' drives the compressor 131 at a predetermined rotational speed for a predetermined period of time with the first shut-off valve 141 and the second shut-off valve 142 open. After the execution of the first mode is completed, the process proceeds to step S35''.

[0251] In step S35'', the control unit 105 starts the second mode and performs normal operation of the refrigeration unit 300''.

[0252] Furthermore, the refrigeration device 300'' may be controlled according to steps S31''' to S35''' of the flowchart shown in Figure 32. Before step S31''' is performed, the recovery unit 146 is either attached to the refrigerant flow path 111 or removed from the refrigerant flow path 111. The recovery unit 146 is pre-filled with adsorbent and refrigerant for introduction into the refrigerant flow path 111. The fourth on-off valve 146a, the fifth on-off valve 146b, and the sixth on-off valve 146c are closed. If the recovery unit 146 is removed from the refrigerant flow path 111, step S32''' is not performed. Before step S31''' is performed, with the first shut-off valve 141 and the second shut-off valve 142 closed, the outdoor unit 20 is filled with less than a sufficient amount of adsorbent or is not filled with adsorbent.

[0253] In step S31''', the refrigerant flow path 111 is evacuated. Specifically, the manager of the refrigeration system 300 connects a vacuum pump and pressure gauge to the first service port 141a, the second service port 142a, or the external service port 60 with the first shut-off valve 141 and the second shut-off valve 142 open, and drives the vacuum pump until the pressure in the refrigerant flow path 111 falls below a predetermined value.

[0254] In step S32''', the recovery unit 146 is attached to the refrigerant flow path 111. Specifically, the manager of the refrigeration system 300 connects the fourth pipe 145a, the fifth pipe 145b, and the sixth pipe 145c to the recovery unit 146 while removing refrigerant from the recovery unit 146. The process of removing refrigerant from the recovery unit 146 is performed, for example, by connecting a suction pump to the first port 143. After the recovery unit 146 is attached to the refrigerant flow path 111, the manager of the refrigeration system 300 opens the sixth on-off valve 146c. The adsorbent inside the recovery unit 146 is introduced into the refrigerant flow path 111 by the differential pressure between the refrigerant flow path 111 and the internal space of the recovery unit 146, or by gravity. After step S32''' is performed, a sufficient amount of adsorbent is present in the refrigerant flow path 111. After step S32''' is performed, the manager of the refrigeration device 300 may close the sixth on-off valve 146c and remove the recovery unit 146 from the refrigerant flow path 111.

[0255] In step S33''', refrigerant is introduced into the refrigerant flow path 111. Specifically, the administrator of the refrigeration system 300 connects a cylinder containing refrigerant to the first service port 141a or the second service port 142a to introduce refrigerant into the refrigerant flow path 111. After step S33''' is performed, a sufficient amount of refrigerant is present in the refrigerant flow path 111.

[0256] In step S34''', the control unit 105 starts the first mode and performs a trial run of the refrigeration unit 300''. Specifically, the manager of the refrigeration unit 300'' drives the compressor 131 at a predetermined rotational speed for a predetermined period of time with the first shut-off valve 141 and the second shut-off valve 142 open. After the execution of the first mode is completed, the process proceeds to step S35'''.

[0257] In step S35''', the control unit 105 starts the second mode and performs normal operation of the refrigeration unit 300''.

[0258] If the refrigeration devices 400, 600-900 of the fourth, sixth to ninth embodiments further include a separation circuit 145, the first port 143 may be attached to the recovery unit 146.

[0259] (4-3) Modification C In the third, fourth, sixth to ninth embodiments, the adsorbent container 151 may be sealed with an adsorbent and air or an inert gas before being attached to the refrigerant flow path 111. The inert gas is, for example, nitrogen. In this case, as shown in Figure 10, after introducing the adsorbent into the adsorbent introduction flow path using the adsorbent container 151, it is necessary to evacuate the adsorbent introduction flow path and then introduce the refrigerant from the adsorbent introduction flow path into the refrigerant flow path 111.

[0260] In modified example B, when the refrigeration device 300'' is controlled according to steps S31'' to S35'' of the flowchart shown in Figure 31, the adsorbent container 151 may be filled with adsorbent and air or an inert gas before being attached to the refrigerant flow path 111.

[0261] (4-4) Modification D The refrigeration device 100 of the first embodiment, the refrigeration device 200 of the second embodiment, and the refrigeration device 500 of the fifth embodiment may further include a first port 143, as shown in Figure 9.

[0262] (4-5) Modification E The adsorbent used in the refrigeration device 100-900 is a metal-organic structure. However, materials other than metal-organic structures may be used as the adsorbent. Examples of materials other than metal-organic structures include activated carbon, zeolite-based materials, silica-based materials, and alumina-based materials.

[0263] While embodiments of this disclosure have been described above, it should be understood that various modifications to the form and details are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of this disclosure as described in the claims.

[0264] 100: Refrigeration device 105: Control unit 111: Refrigerant flow path 131: Compressor 133: First adsorbent (first heat recovery unit, second heat recovery unit) 134: Second adsorbent (first heat recovery unit, second heat recovery unit) 141a: First service port (second port) 142a: Second service port (second port) 143: First port 151: Adsorbent container (second container) 152: Separation unit (first container)

[0265] U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2023 / 0417459

Claims

1. A refrigeration system (100) comprising: a refrigerant flow path (111) through which a refrigerant and an adsorbent that adsorbs and desorbs the refrigerant in accordance with changes in the pressure of the refrigerant circulate; a compressor (131); a first heat recovery unit (133, 134) connected to the discharge side of the compressor, which recovers the heat generated when the adsorbent adsorbs the refrigerant; a second heat recovery unit (134, 133) connected to the suction side of the compressor, which recovers the cold generated when the adsorbent desorbs the refrigerant; and a control unit (105), wherein the control unit executes a first mode at startup, which involves driving the compressor and diffusing the adsorbent in the refrigerant flow path.

2. The refrigeration apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the control unit executes the first mode with at least one of the adsorbent and the refrigerant added to the refrigerant flow path, which has been pre-introduced with the adsorbent and the refrigerant, at the time of installation.

3. The refrigeration apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the control unit executes the first mode in a state in which at least the refrigerant is additionally introduced at the time of installation, in which only the adsorbent among the adsorbent and the refrigerant has been introduced in advance.

4. The refrigeration apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the control unit executes the first mode in a state in which at least the adsorbent is additionally introduced at the time of installation into the refrigerant flow path, which has previously been introduced only the refrigerant among the adsorbent and the refrigerant.

5. The refrigeration apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the control unit executes the first mode with the adsorbent and the refrigerant introduced into the refrigerant flow path at the time of installation.

6. The refrigeration apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a first port (143) for introducing the adsorbent into the refrigerant flow path.

7. The refrigeration apparatus according to claim 6, further comprising a first container (152) for separating the refrigerant and the adsorbent in the refrigerant flow path, wherein the first port is provided in the first container.

8. The refrigeration apparatus according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the first port has a first opening into which the adsorbent is introduced from outside the refrigerant flow path, and a second opening that communicates with the refrigerant flow path and is located below the first opening.

9. The refrigeration apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising a second container (151) that is attachable to and detachable from the refrigerant flow path for introducing the adsorbent into the refrigerant flow path.

10. The refrigeration apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the second container is sealed with the adsorbent and air or an inert gas before being attached to the refrigerant flow path.

11. The refrigeration apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the second container is sealed with the adsorbent and the refrigerant before being attached to the refrigerant flow path.

12. The refrigeration apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 11, further comprising a second port (141a, 142a) for introducing the refrigerant into the refrigerant flow path.

13. The refrigeration apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the adsorbent comprises a metal-organic structure containing a metal ion and an organic ligand.

14. The refrigeration apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the refrigerant comprises at least one of carbon dioxide, hydrocarbons, ammonia, water, HFCs, and HFOs.

15. A method for manufacturing a refrigeration apparatus comprising: a refrigerant flow path (111) through which a refrigerant and an adsorbent that adsorbs and desorbs the refrigerant in accordance with a change in the pressure of the refrigerant circulate; a compressor (131); a first heat recovery unit (133, 134) connected to the discharge side of the compressor, which recovers the heat generated when the adsorbent adsorbs the refrigerant; and a second heat recovery unit (134, 133) connected to the suction side of the compressor, which recovers the cold generated when the adsorbent desorbs the refrigerant; the method for controlling a refrigeration apparatus comprising: executing a first mode when the refrigeration apparatus is started, in which the compressor is driven and the adsorbent is diffused in the refrigerant flow path.

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