Refrigeration device

Abstract

This refrigeration device (100) is a refrigeration device in which a refrigerant and an adsorbent circulate. The adsorbent adsorbs and desorbs a refrigerant in accordance with a change in the pressure of the refrigerant. The refrigeration device (100) comprises a compressor (131), a first heat recovery unit (133), a second heat recovery unit (134), a decompression mechanism (132), an adjustment container, and a control unit (105). The first heat recovery unit (133) recovers hot heat generated when the adsorbent adsorbs the refrigerant. The second heat recovery unit (134) recovers cold heat generated when the adsorbent desorbs the refrigerant. The adjustment unit can store at least one of the circulating refrigerant and adsorbent. The control unit (105) controls the compressor (131).

Description

Refrigeration device

[0001] It relates to a refrigeration device.

[0002] As disclosed in Patent Document 1 (U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2023 / 0417459), a refrigeration device having a refrigeration cycle that utilizes the heat generated when a refrigerant is adsorbed and desorbed with respect to an adsorbent containing a metal organic framework is used. As such a refrigeration device, a refrigeration device having a refrigerant flow path through which a mixture of a refrigerant and an adsorbent circulates is disclosed.

[0003] In the cyclic refrigeration device of Patent Document 1, operation according to the load is not considered.

[0004] The refrigeration device according to the first aspect is a refrigeration device in which a refrigerant and an adsorbent circulate. The adsorbent adsorbs and desorbs the refrigerant in response to a change in the pressure of the refrigerant. The refrigeration device includes a compressor, a first heat recovery unit, a second heat recovery unit, a decompression mechanism, an adjustment unit, and a control unit. The first heat recovery unit recovers the heat generated when the adsorbent adsorbs the refrigerant. The second heat recovery unit recovers the cold heat generated when the adsorbent desorbs the refrigerant. The adjustment unit can store at least one of the circulating refrigerant and the adsorbent. The control unit controls the compressor.

[0005] According to the refrigeration device of the first aspect, since it includes an adjustment unit, when the load decreases, it is possible to store at least one of the circulating refrigerant and the adsorbent. When the load increases, it is possible to circulate at least one of the refrigerant and the adsorbent stored in the adjustment unit. Therefore, the refrigeration device of the first aspect can operate according to the load.

[0006] The refrigeration device according to the second aspect is the refrigeration device according to the first aspect, and further includes a first flow path through which the refrigerant separated from the adsorbent flows. The adjustment unit is a first container capable of storing the refrigerant. The first container is connected to the first flow path.

[0007] In the refrigeration device according to the second aspect, it is possible to store the circulating refrigerant in the first container according to the load, so that the circulation amount of the refrigerant can be adjusted.

[0008] A refrigeration apparatus according to the third aspect is a refrigeration apparatus according to the second aspect, wherein the first flow path includes a first part and a second part. The first part connects the suction side of the compressor to a first container. The second part connects the discharge side of the compressor to the first container. The refrigeration apparatus further includes a first valve and a second valve. The first valve is located in the first part. The second valve is located in the second part.

[0009] In the third type of refrigeration system, the circulating refrigerant can be easily stored in the first container by changing the opening degrees of the first and second valves.

[0010] The refrigeration system in the fourth view is the refrigeration system in the third view, and the control unit further controls the second valve. When the load decreases, the control unit opens the second valve.

[0011] In the refrigeration system described in the fourth perspective, the second valve is opened when transitioning to operation with a low load, allowing the circulating refrigerant to be stored in the first container. Therefore, the amount of refrigerant circulated can be reduced when the load decreases.

[0012] The fifth refrigeration device is a refrigeration device according to the third or fourth refrigeration device, wherein the control unit further controls the first valve. When the load increases, the control unit opens the first valve.

[0013] In the fifth-perspective refrigeration system, the first valve is opened when transitioning to high-load operation, allowing the refrigerant stored in the first container to flow into the first flow path. Therefore, the amount of refrigerant circulated can be increased when the load increases.

[0014] The refrigeration apparatus of the sixth aspect is a refrigeration apparatus of any of the first to fifth aspects, wherein the adjustment unit is a second container capable of accumulating adsorbent. The refrigeration apparatus further comprises a second flow path and a third valve. The second flow path carries the adsorbent separated from the refrigerant. The third valve is provided in the second flow path. The second container is connected to the third flow path.

[0015] In the sixth aspect of the refrigeration system, the amount of circulating adsorbent can be adjusted by using a third valve on the second flow path through which the adsorbent flows, in accordance with the load, to store the adsorbent in a second container.

[0016] The refrigeration apparatus of the seventh aspect is the refrigeration apparatus of the sixth aspect, further comprising a first flow path. The first flow path is through which the refrigerant separated from the adsorbent flows. A second container is further connected to the first flow path.

[0017] As in the refrigeration apparatus of the seventh aspect, the second container may be connected to a second channel through which the adsorbent flows and a first channel through which the refrigerant flows.

[0018] The refrigeration apparatus of the eighth aspect is a refrigeration apparatus of the sixth or seventh aspect, further comprising an ejector mechanism. The ejector mechanism receives the refrigerant discharged from the compressor and an adsorbent, and the mixture of the refrigerant and adsorbent flows out. The second flow path connects the ejector mechanism and the second container.

[0019] In the refrigeration apparatus of the eighth perspective, the circulating adsorbent can be easily stored in the second container by changing the opening degree of the third valve.

[0020] The refrigeration system of the ninth aspect is a refrigeration system of either the sixth or eighth aspect, wherein the control unit further controls the third valve. When the load decreases, the control unit reduces the opening of the third valve.

[0021] In the refrigeration system described in the ninth perspective, the opening of the third valve is reduced when transitioning to low-load operation, allowing the circulating adsorbent to accumulate in the second container. Therefore, the amount of adsorbent circulated can be reduced when the load decreases.

[0022] The refrigeration system of the tenth perspective is a refrigeration system of any of the sixth, sixth, or ninth perspectives, wherein the control unit further controls the third valve. When the load increases, the control unit increases the opening degree of the third valve.

[0023] In the refrigeration system described in the tenth perspective, the opening of the third valve is increased when transitioning to operation with a high load, allowing the adsorbent accumulated in the second container to flow into the second flow path. Therefore, the amount of adsorbent circulated can be increased when the load increases.

[0024] The adjustment unit of the refrigeration apparatus according to the 11th viewpoint includes a first container which can be determined from the second viewpoint to the fifth viewpoint, and a second container which can be determined from the sixth viewpoint to the tenth viewpoint.

[0025] In the refrigeration system of the eleventh perspective, both a first container capable of storing refrigerant and a second container capable of storing adsorbent are provided, so the circulation rate of refrigerant and adsorbent can be adjusted according to the load.

[0026] The refrigeration apparatus of the twelfth aspect is a refrigeration apparatus of either the first or second aspect, wherein the adjustment unit is a third container capable of storing refrigerant and adsorbent. The third container is connected between the high-pressure side flow path and the low-pressure side flow path.

[0027] In the refrigeration system of the 12th perspective, the amount of circulating refrigerant and adsorbent can be adjusted because the circulating refrigerant and adsorbent can be stored in a third container according to the load.

[0028] The refrigeration apparatus of the 13th aspect is the refrigeration apparatus of the 12th aspect, wherein the third vessel includes an inlet, a first outlet, and a second outlet. The inlet is through which the refrigerant and adsorbent flow in. The first outlet is through which the refrigerant flows out. The second outlet is through which the adsorbent flows out. The refrigeration apparatus further includes a connecting passage that connects the high-pressure side of the pressure reducing mechanism to the low-pressure side of the pressure reducing mechanism. The connecting passage includes a third part, a fourth part, and a fifth part. The third part connects the high-pressure side of the pressure reducing mechanism to the inlet. The fourth part connects the first outlet to the low-pressure side of the pressure reducing mechanism. The fifth part connects the second outlet to the low-pressure side of the pressure reducing mechanism. The refrigeration apparatus includes a fourth valve, a fifth valve, and a sixth valve. The fourth valve is located in the third part. The fifth valve is located in the fourth part. The sixth valve is located in the fifth part.

[0029] In the refrigeration system of the 13th perspective, the circulating refrigerant and adsorbent can be easily stored in the third container by changing the opening degrees of the fourth valve, fifth valve, and sixth valve.

[0030] The refrigeration apparatus of the 14th aspect is the refrigeration apparatus of the 13th aspect, wherein the control unit further controls the 4th valve, the 5th valve and the 6th valve. When the load decreases, the control unit opens the 4th valve and closes at least one of the 5th valve and the 6th valve.

[0031] In the refrigeration system of the 14th perspective, when transitioning to low-load operation, opening the fourth valve and closing the fifth valve allows the circulating refrigerant to be stored in the third container. Similarly, when transitioning to low-load operation, opening the fourth valve and closing the sixth valve allows the circulating adsorbent to be stored in the third container. Therefore, when the load decreases, the circulation rate of at least one of the refrigerant and adsorbent can be reduced.

[0032] The refrigeration apparatus of the 15th aspect is the refrigeration apparatus of the 13th or 14th aspect, wherein the control unit further controls the 4th valve, the 5th valve, and the 6th valve. When the load increases, the control unit closes the 4th valve and opens at least one of the 5th valve and the 6th valve.

[0033] In the refrigeration system of the 15th perspective, when transitioning to high-load operation, closing the fourth valve and opening the fifth valve allows refrigerant to flow from the third container to the fourth section. Also, when transitioning to high-load operation, closing the fourth valve and opening the sixth valve allows adsorbent to flow from the third container to the fifth section. Therefore, when the load increases, the circulation rate of at least one of the refrigerant and adsorbent can be increased.

[0034] The refrigeration apparatus of the 16th aspect is a refrigeration apparatus of any of the 15th aspects of the first aspect, wherein the control unit adjusts at least one of the rotational speed of the compressor and the opening degree of the pressure reduction mechanism to store at least one of the refrigerant and the adsorbent in the adjustment unit.

[0035] In the refrigeration system of the 16th aspect, it is possible to adjust the amount of circulation of at least one of the refrigerant and the adsorbent in the adjustment unit by control by the control unit in accordance with the load.

[0036] The refrigeration apparatus of the 17th aspect is a refrigeration apparatus of any of the 16th aspects of the first aspect, wherein the adsorbent includes a metal-organic structure containing metal ions and an organic ligand.

[0037] As in the refrigeration apparatus described in the 17th aspect, metal-organic structures are suitably used as adsorbents for adsorbing and desorbing refrigerants.

[0038] The refrigeration apparatus of the 18th aspect is a refrigeration apparatus of any of the 17th aspects of the first aspect, wherein the refrigerant includes at least one of carbon dioxide, hydrocarbon refrigerant, ammonia, water, HFC, and HFO.

[0039] As in the refrigeration system of the 18th aspect, refrigerants selected from the group consisting of carbon dioxide, hydrocarbon refrigerants, ammonia, and water are suitably used as refrigerants in adsorption-type refrigeration cycle systems.

[0040] This is a conceptual diagram of a refrigeration system equipped with a refrigeration cycle. This is a graph showing the relationship between the amount of adsorption by the adsorbent and the pressure of the refrigerant. This is a graph showing the relationship between the amount of adsorption by the adsorbent and the enthalpy of the refrigerant. This is a schematic diagram of the refrigeration system of the first embodiment. This is a block diagram of the refrigeration system of the first embodiment. This is a schematic diagram showing the operation when transitioning to a low load. This is a schematic diagram showing the operation when transitioning to a high load. This is a schematic diagram of a refrigeration system of modification 2 of the first embodiment. This is a schematic diagram of a refrigeration system of modification 3 of the first embodiment. This is a schematic diagram of the refrigeration system of the second embodiment. This is a diagram showing the control of the refrigeration system of the second embodiment. This is a schematic diagram showing the operation when transitioning to a low load. This is a schematic diagram showing the operation when transitioning to a high load. This is a schematic diagram of a refrigeration system of modification 1 of the second embodiment. This is a schematic diagram of a refrigeration system of modification 2 of the second embodiment. This is a schematic diagram of a refrigeration system of the third embodiment.

[0041] (1) Overview of the Refrigeration Cycle The refrigeration system of this embodiment is equipped with a refrigeration cycle that utilizes the heat generated when the adsorbent adsorbs the refrigerant and when the adsorbent desorbs the refrigerant. The refrigeration system is, for example, an air conditioning system. The adsorbent is a powder of an adsorbent material.

[0042] The refrigeration device of the present embodiment is a circulation type refrigeration device in which an adsorbent circulates. As shown in FIG. 1, the circulation type refrigeration device 1 includes a refrigerant circuit 11 in which a refrigerant circulates and an adsorption circuit 12 in which an adsorbent circulates. In FIG. 1, the refrigerant circuit 11 and the adsorption circuit 12 will be described as independent circuits. Note that the refrigeration device 1 may have a configuration in which there is a flow path where the refrigerant circuit 11 and the adsorption circuit 12 merge. In this case, the refrigeration device 1 has a flow path that is part of the refrigerant circuit 11 and the adsorption circuit 12 and through which a mixture of the refrigerant and the adsorbent flows. Further, the refrigeration device 1 may have only one circuit in which a mixture of the refrigerant and the adsorbent circulates.

[0043] The refrigeration device 1 has an adsorption section 21 and a desorption section 22. Both the adsorption section 21 and the desorption section 22 include a part of the refrigerant circuit 11 and a part of the adsorption circuit 12. In the adsorption section 21, the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit 11 is adsorbed by the adsorbent flowing through the adsorption circuit 12. In the desorption section 22, the refrigerant adsorbed in the adsorption section 21 is desorbed from the adsorbent flowing through the adsorption circuit 12.

[0044] The refrigerant circuit 11 has a compressor 31 and an expansion mechanism 32. The compressor 31 compresses the refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant circuit 11. The expansion mechanism 32 decompresses the refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant circuit 11. The compressor 31 is, for example, a rotary compressor. The expansion mechanism 32 is, for example, an electronic expansion valve. In the refrigerant circuit 11, the refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 31, passes through the adsorption section 21, decompressed by the expansion mechanism 32, passes through the desorption section 22, and is compressed again by the compressor 31.

[0045] The refrigerant circuit 11 has a high-pressure region and a low-pressure region. In the high-pressure region, the refrigerant after being compressed by the compressor 31 and before being decompressed by the expansion mechanism 32 flows. In the low-pressure region, the refrigerant after being decompressed by the expansion mechanism 32 and before being compressed by the compressor 31 flows. The high-pressure region is included in the adsorption section 21. The low-pressure region is included in the desorption section 22.

[0046] The refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant circuit 11 contains at least one of carbon dioxide, hydrocarbon, ammonia, water, HFC (hydrofluorocarbon), and HFO (hydrofluoroolefin). The hydrocarbon is selected from the group consisting of, for example, propane, butane, and isobutane.

[0047] The adsorption circuit 12 has a booster 41 and a decompressor 42. The booster 41 conveys the adsorbent to the adsorption section 21 in the adsorption circuit 12. The decompressor 42 conveys the adsorbent to the desorption section 22 in the adsorption circuit 12. The booster 41 is, for example, a powder pump. The decompressor 42 is, for example, a powder valve. In the adsorption circuit 12, the adsorbent passes through the adsorption section 21 by the booster 41 and passes through the desorption section 22 by the decompressor 42.

[0048] The adsorption circuit 12 may further have a heat exchanger 43. The heat exchanger 43 performs heat exchange between the upstream side of the booster 41 and the upstream side of the decompressor 42. The heat exchanger 43 gives a part of the heat of the adsorbent flowing between the adsorption section 21 and the decompressor 42 to the adsorbent flowing between the desorption section 22 and the booster 41.

[0049] The adsorbent circulating in the adsorption circuit 12 includes a metal-organic structure containing metal ions and organic ligands. A metal-organic structure (MOF) is a porous material with a very large specific surface area obtained by the reaction of metal ions and organic ligands. In a metal-organic structure, a polymer structure with countless openings inside is obtained by the linkage of organic ligands with metal ions. The opening diameter and topology of the metal-organic structure can be adjusted by selecting and combining metal ions and organic ligands. By selecting and combining metal ions and organic ligands, the opening diameter of the metal-organic structure can be adjusted, making it possible to selectively adsorb target substances. For example, the metal-organic structure is used as a porous material having the function of selective storage and separation of molecules and ions. In this embodiment, the metal-organic structure is used as an adsorbent for adsorbing and desorbing a refrigerant. Examples of metal-organic structures include MOF-5, MOF-200, UiO-66, and MIL-101. The adsorbent is, for example, a powder of the metal-organic structure.

[0050] (2) Operation of the refrigeration system 1 The operation of the circulating refrigeration system 1 will be explained with reference to the drawings. The adsorbent adsorbs and desorbs the refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant circuit 11. The adsorbent adsorbs and desorbs the refrigerant in response to changes in the pressure of the refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant circuit 11. Specifically, the adsorbent adsorbs the refrigerant under high pressure and desorbs the refrigerant under low pressure.

[0051] Assume that the high-pressure region of the refrigerant circuit 11 is filled with refrigerant at pressure pH and temperature TH. Assume that the low-pressure region of the refrigerant circuit 11 is filled with refrigerant at pressure pL and temperature TL. Pressure pH is higher than pressure pL. Temperature TH is higher than temperature TL. The adsorbent adsorbs refrigerant in the high-pressure region of the refrigerant circuit 11. The adsorbent desorbs refrigerant in the low-pressure region of the refrigerant circuit 11. In the adsorption section 21, the refrigerant flowing in the high-pressure region of the refrigerant circuit 11 is adsorbed onto the adsorbent of the adsorption circuit 12. In the desorption section 22, the refrigerant is desorbed from the adsorbent flowing through the adsorption circuit 12.

[0052] The operation of the heat pump cycle of the refrigeration system 1 will be explained with reference to Figures 1 to 3. Figures 1 to 3 show the refrigerant cycle a→b→c→d→a in the refrigerant circuit 11, and the adsorbent cycle a'→b'→c'→d'→a' in the adsorption circuit 12. The graph in Figure 2 shows the adsorption amount, which is the mass of refrigerant adsorbed on the adsorbent per unit mass, and the change in the pressure of the refrigerant adsorbed on the adsorbent, in the heat pump cycle. The graph in Figure 3 shows the adsorption amount of the adsorbent and the change in the enthalpy of the refrigerant adsorbed on the adsorbent, in the heat pump cycle. In the refrigeration system 1, it is assumed that heat can flow freely between the refrigerant circuit 11 and the adsorption circuit 12.

[0053] In the refrigerant circuit 11, the refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 31 (a→b). In the adsorption circuit 12, the adsorbent is circulated using the booster 41 (a'→b'). As a result, the pressure of the refrigerant rises from pL to pH. During this process, some of the heat Q1 generated by the adiabatic compression of the refrigerant is transferred to the adsorbent. In other words, the refrigerant is cooled by transferring heat to the adsorbent while being compressed. As a result, the temperature of the adsorbent rises from TL to TH.

[0054] Next, in the adsorption section 21, the refrigerant is gradually adsorbed onto the adsorbent while releasing heat Q2 (b'→c'). During this process, the amount of adsorption by the adsorbent increases from mL to mH. As a result, in the adsorption section 21, the refrigerant from the refrigerant circuit 11 is adsorbed onto the adsorbent of the adsorption circuit 12. In Figure 1, as indicated by the hatched arrows within the adsorption section 21, the refrigerant from the refrigerant circuit 11 is adsorbed onto the adsorbent circulating in the adsorption circuit 12.

[0055] Next, in the refrigerant circuit 11, the refrigerant is depressurized by the expansion mechanism 32 (c→d). In the adsorption circuit 12, the adsorbent is circulated by the pressure reducer 42. As a result, the refrigerant pressure decreases from pH to pL. During this process, the temperature of the adsorbent decreases from TH to TL due to the isenthalpic expansion of the refrigerant desorbed from the adsorbent. Also, due to the temperature difference between the refrigerant and the adsorbent, the adsorbent in the adsorption circuit 12 is cooled, transferring heat Q3 to the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit 11. Furthermore, heat Q5 is transferred from the adsorbent before it passes through the pressure reducer 42 to the adsorbent before it passes through the pressure booster 41 by the heat exchanger 43.

[0056] Next, in the desorption section 22, the refrigerant is gradually desorbed from the adsorbent while absorbing heat Q4 (d'→a'). During this process, the amount of adsorbed material decreases from mH to mL. As a result, the refrigerant adsorbed on the adsorbent in the adsorption circuit 12 is desorbed. In Figure 1, as indicated by the hatched arrows within the desorption section 22, the refrigerant is desorbed from the adsorbent in the adsorption circuit 12 in the desorption section 22.

[0057] As shown in Figure 2, during the adsorption process (b'→c') in which the refrigerant is adsorbed onto the adsorbent, the pressure of the refrigerant is pH, and the amount of adsorbed by the adsorbent increases from mL to mH. During the desorption process (d'→a') in which the refrigerant is desorbed from the adsorbent, the pressure of the refrigerant is pL, and the amount of adsorbed by the adsorbent decreases from mH to mL. As shown in Figure 3, during the adsorption process, the enthalpy decreases by Δh1. During the desorption process, the enthalpy increases by Δh2. During the adsorption process, the heat Q2 released from the adsorption part 21 is proportional to Δh1. During the desorption process, the heat Q4 absorbed by the desorption part 22 is proportional to Δh2.

[0058] In the refrigeration device 1, heat Q2 is released in the adsorption section 21 (first heat recovery section), generating warmth, and heat Q4 is absorbed in the desorption section 22 (second heat recovery section), generating coldness. When the warmth generated in the adsorption section 21 is recovered by another heat transfer medium, the temperature of that heat transfer medium rises. When the coldness generated in the desorption section 22 is recovered by another heat transfer medium, the temperature of that heat transfer medium decreases.

[0059] (3) Detailed Configuration (3-1) First Embodiment (3-1-1) Equipment Configuration of Refrigeration System 100 The refrigeration system 100 of the first embodiment includes a flow path 111 through which the refrigerant circulates, as shown in Figure 4. The flow path 111 has the functions of both the refrigerant circuit 11 and the adsorption circuit 12 of Figure 1. The adsorbent circulates in the flow path 111 together with the refrigerant. In other words, in the refrigeration system 100, a mixture of the refrigerant and the adsorbent (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as the "mixture") flows in the flow path 111. The flow path 111 has a first flow path 111a through which only the refrigerant flows, a second flow path 111b through which only the adsorbent flows, and a third flow path 111c through which the mixture flows.

[0060] The refrigeration system 100 includes a compressor 131, a pressure reducing mechanism 132, a first heat recovery unit 133, a second heat recovery unit 134, a first container 138, and a second container 139. The refrigeration system 100 further includes a switching mechanism 135, a first fan 136, a second fan 137, a first valve 141, a second valve 142, a third valve 143, and an ejector mechanism 144.

[0061] The flow path 111 connects the compressor 131, the pressure reducing mechanism 132, the first heat recovery unit 133, the second heat recovery unit 134, the switching mechanism 135, the first container 138, the second container 139, the first valve 141, the second valve 142, the third valve 143, and the ejector mechanism 144. Specifically, the first flow path 111a connects the second container 139, the compressor 131, the second valve 142, the first container 138, and the first valve 141. The second flow path 111b connects the second container 139, the third valve 143, and the ejector mechanism 144. The third flow path 111c connects the ejector mechanism 144, the switching mechanism 135, the first heat recovery unit 133, the pressure reducing mechanism 132, the second heat recovery unit 134, and the second container 139.

[0062] The compressor 131 has the same function as the compressor 31 in Figure 1. The compressor 131 is a transport mechanism that transports refrigerant within the flow path 111. Here, the compressor 131 is located in the first flow path 111a.

[0063] The pressure reduction mechanism 132 incorporates the functions of both the expansion mechanism 32 and the pressure reducer 42 shown in Figure 1. The pressure reduction mechanism 132 has the function of adjusting the opening of the passage through which the mixture passes. The pressure reduction mechanism 132 is, for example, a control valve with a variable opening, an expander with a variable rotation speed, or a capillary tube.

[0064] The switching mechanism 135 switches the flow direction of the mixture circulating in the flow path 111. The switching mechanism 135 is, for example, a four-way switching valve. The switching mechanism 135 is configured to switch the flow path 111 between a first state with a flow direction shown by the solid line in Figure 4 and a second state with a flow direction shown by the dashed line in Figure 4. When the flow path 111 is in the first state, the discharge side of the compressor 131 is connected to the first heat recovery unit 133, and the suction side of the compressor 131 is connected to the second heat recovery unit 134. When the flow path 111 is in the second state, the discharge side of the compressor 131 is connected to the second heat recovery unit 134, and the suction side of the compressor 131 is connected to the first heat recovery unit 133.

[0065] In the first heat recovery unit 133, the refrigerant is adsorbed onto the adsorbent while the flow path 111 is in the first state, and the refrigerant is desorbed from the adsorbent while the flow path 111 is in the second state. In the second heat recovery unit 134, the refrigerant is desorbed from the adsorbent while the flow path 111 is in the first state, and the refrigerant is adsorbed onto the adsorbent while the flow path 111 is in the second state.

[0066] While the flow path 111 is in the first state, heat of adsorption is generated in the first heat recovery unit 133, and heat of desorption is generated in the second heat recovery unit 134. While the flow path 111 is in the second state, heat of desorption is generated in the first heat recovery unit 133, and heat of adsorption is generated in the second heat recovery unit 134. Heat of adsorption is the thermal heat generated when the adsorbent adsorbs the refrigerant. Heat of desorption is the cold heat generated when the adsorbent desorbs the refrigerant.

[0067] The heat of adsorption or desorption generated in the first heat recovery unit 133 and the second heat recovery unit 134 is recovered into the air surrounding the first heat recovery unit 133 and the second heat recovery unit 134. Therefore, the air surrounding the first heat recovery unit 133 and the second heat recovery unit 134 is heated by the heat of adsorption or cooled by the heat of desorption. The first fan 136 sends the air heated or cooled in the first heat recovery unit 133 to a predetermined location. The second fan 137 sends the air heated or cooled in the second heat recovery unit 134 to a predetermined location.

[0068] Thus, in the refrigeration system 100, as the mixture circulates through the flow path 111, air heated by adsorption heat or cooled by desorption heat is sent to a predetermined location. If the refrigeration system 100 is an air conditioning system, for example, the first heat recovery unit 133 corresponds to an outdoor heat exchanger, and the second heat recovery unit 134 corresponds to an indoor heat exchanger. In this case, by switching the flow path 111 to the first state, the refrigerant is desorbed from the adsorbent in the second heat recovery unit 134, generating desorption heat. The air cooled by the desorption heat is sent to a predetermined location by the second fan 137. Also, by switching the flow path 111 to the second state, the refrigerant is adsorbed by the adsorbent in the second heat recovery unit 134, generating adsorption heat. The air heated by the adsorption heat is sent to a predetermined location by the second fan 137.

[0069] The first container 138 is a regulating container (an example of a regulating unit) capable of storing the refrigerant circulating in the flow path 111. The first container 138 is capable of storing refrigerant inside and discharging refrigerant from the inside to the outside. The first container 138 may also store an adsorbent inside.

[0070] The first container 138 has an inlet 138a into which the refrigerant flows in, and an outlet 138b into which the refrigerant flows out. In this configuration, high-pressure refrigerant flows into the first container 138 from the inlet 138a, and high-pressure refrigerant flows out from the outlet 138b.

[0071] The first container 138 is connected to the first flow path 111a through which the refrigerant, from which the adsorbent has been separated from the mixture in the second container 139, flows. In this embodiment, the first container 138 is connected in the first flow path 111a to a first section 111a1 that branches off from the suction side of the compressor 131 and to a second section 111a2 that branches off from the discharge side of the compressor 131.

[0072] The first valve 141 is located in the first section 111a1 of the first flow path 111a, connecting the suction side of the compressor 131 to the first container. The second valve 142 is located in the second section 111a2 of the first flow path 111a, connecting the discharge side of the compressor 131 to the first container 138. The first valve 141 and the second valve 142 in this embodiment have the function of adjusting the amount of refrigerant. The first valve 141 and the second valve 142 are, for example, solenoid valves, motorized valves, etc., and in this case, motorized valves.

[0073] The second container 139 is an adjustment container (an example of an adjustment unit) capable of accumulating the adsorbent circulating in the flow path 111. The second container 139 is capable of accumulating the adsorbent inside and releasing the adsorbent from the inside to the outside. Note that the second container 139 is larger than the separator that separates the refrigerant and adsorbent from the mixture because it requires a volume to accumulate the adsorbent.

[0074] The second container 139 in this embodiment has the function of separating the mixture, which has been depressurized by passing through the depressurization mechanism 132, into a refrigerant and an adsorbent. The second container 139 having such a function has, for example, a mechanism for centrifugally separating the adsorbent by swirling the mixture inside. The adsorbent separated in the second container 139 falls due to gravity and is accumulated in the first space 139a at the bottom of the second container 139. In Figure 4, the adsorbent accumulated in the first space 139a is shown as a hatched area. The refrigerant separated in the second container 139 remains in the second space 139b above the first space 139a. The first space 139a may contain a mixture with a high adsorbent content, and the second space 139b may contain a mixture with a high refrigerant content.

[0075] The second container 139 has an inlet 139c, a first outlet 139d, and a second outlet 139e. The mixture flows into the inlet 139c. The inlet 139c is connected to the third flow path 111c. The refrigerant flows out of the second space 139b through the first outlet 139d. The first outlet 139d is connected to the first flow path 111a. The adsorbent flows out of the first space 139a through the second outlet 139e. The second outlet 139e is connected to the second flow path 111b. Thus, the second container 139 is connected to the first flow path 111a through which the refrigerant, from which the adsorbent has been separated from the mixture, flows, to the second flow path 111b through which the adsorbent, from which the refrigerant has been separated from the mixture, flows, and to the third flow path 111c through which the mixture flows.

[0076] The third valve 143 is located in the second flow path 111b. The third valve 143 in this embodiment has the function of adjusting the amount of adsorbent. The third valve 143 is, for example, a solenoid valve, an electric valve, etc., and in this case it is an electric valve.

[0077] The ejector mechanism 144 is a mechanism for combining the refrigerant separated in the second container 139 and compressed by the compressor 131 with the adsorbent separated in the second container and increasing the pressure. The ejector mechanism 144 is connected to the first flow path 111a, the second flow path 111b, and the third flow path 111c. Specifically, the ejector mechanism 144 uses the high-pressure refrigerant flowing in from the first flow path 111a as a driving flow to suck in the adsorbent flowing in from the second flow path 111b, increasing its pressure, and then discharges the pressurized mixture into the third flow path 111c.

[0078] The ejector mechanism 144 includes a drive inlet 144a, a suction inlet 144b, and a discharge port 144c. The drive inlet 144a receives refrigerant compressed by the compressor 131. The drive inlet 144a is connected to the first flow path 111a. The suction inlet 144b receives adsorbent separated in the second container 139. The suction inlet 144b is connected to the second flow path 111b. The discharge port 144c discharges a mixture of refrigerant and adsorbent. The discharge port 144c is connected to the third flow path 111c.

[0079] (3-1-2) Control Configuration of Refrigeration System 100 The refrigeration system 100 further comprises a control unit 105 as shown in Figure 5. The control unit 105 controls the operation of each component of the refrigeration system 100. Here, a processor is given as an example of the control unit 105. The processor consists of various computing devices such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a DSP (Digital Signal Processor), an FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array), and a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit). The processor reads various programs of the device into memory and executes them. The processor loads the programs stored in memory into the working area of ​​the memory and executes them, and by controlling each component through the execution of the programs, it realizes functions that match a predetermined purpose.

[0080] As shown in Figure 5, the control unit 105 controls the compressor 131, the pressure reducing mechanism 132, the switching mechanism 135, the first fan 136, the second fan 137, the first valve 141, the second valve 142, and the third valve 143. The control unit 105 controls the rotational speed of the compressor 131. The control unit 105 controls the timing for starting the compressor 131 and the timing for stopping the compressor 131. The control unit 105 controls the opening degree of the pressure reducing mechanism 132. The control unit 105 controls the switching mechanism 135 to switch the flow path 111 between a first state and a second state. The control unit 105 controls the rotational speed of the first fan 136 and the second fan 137. The control unit 105 controls the opening and closing of the first valve 141, the second valve 142, and the third valve 143. Here, the control unit 105 adjusts the opening degree of the third valve 143.

[0081] The control unit 105 adjusts the circulation rate of at least one of the refrigerant and the adsorbent in order to change the capacity of the refrigeration system 100 according to the capacity (load) requested by the user. When the load is low, the control unit 105 controls to reduce the circulation rate of at least one of the refrigerant and the adsorbent. When the load is high, the control unit 105 controls to increase the circulation rate of at least one of the refrigerant and the adsorbent.

[0082] High-load operation is, for example, operation at rated capacity (hereinafter also referred to as "rated operation"). Rated capacity is the same value as the "nominal capacity" stated in the product catalog or instruction manual. Low-load operation is, for example, operation at a capacity lower than the rated capacity (hereinafter also referred to as "partial load operation"). Low-load operation is, for example, 50% or less of the rated capacity.

[0083] Specifically, the control unit 105 adjusts the circulation rate of at least one of the refrigerant and adsorbent by changing the amount of at least one of the refrigerant and adsorbent stored in the adjustment container according to the load. Here, the control unit 105 adjusts the amount of refrigerant stored in the first container 138 and the amount of adsorbent stored in the second container 139 according to the load. The control unit 105 also controls the amount stored in the adjustment container and the amount circulated in the flow path 111 by controlling the first valve 141, the second valve 142 and the third valve 143. Here, the control unit 105 controls the amount of refrigerant stored in the first container 138 and the circulation rate of refrigerant in the flow path 111 by controlling the first valve 141 and the second valve 142. The control unit 105 also controls the amount of adsorbent stored in the second container 139 and the circulation rate of adsorbent in the flow path 111 by controlling the third valve 143.

[0084] The details are as follows. First, we will explain how the control unit 105 controls the amount of refrigerant circulated in response to load fluctuations.

[0085] When the load decreases, the control unit 105 opens the second valve 142. As a result, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 131 flows through the second section 111a2 and the second valve 142 of the first flow path 111a and into the first container 138 from the inlet 138a. This prevents the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 131 from flowing into the first heat recovery unit 133 or the second heat recovery unit 134.

[0086] Furthermore, when the load decreases, the control unit 105 closes the first valve 141. This allows refrigerant to be stored in the first container 138.

[0087] When the load increases, the control unit 105 opens the first valve 141. As a result, the refrigerant stored in the first container 138 is drawn into the compressor 131 through the first part 111a1 of the first flow path 111a and the first valve 141.

[0088] Furthermore, when the load increases, the control unit 105 closes the second valve 142. As a result, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 131 does not flow into the first container 138, but instead flows into the first heat recovery unit 133 or the second heat recovery unit 134.

[0089] Here, when the control unit 105 transitions from rated operation to partial load operation, it opens the second valve 142 and closes the first valve 141. Then, when the refrigerant circulation rate becomes appropriate, the control unit 105 closes the second valve 142 and performs partial load operation.

[0090] Furthermore, when transitioning from partial load operation to rated operation, the control unit 105 opens the first valve 141 and closes the second valve 142. Then, when the refrigerant circulation rate becomes appropriate, the control unit 105 closes the first valve 141 and performs rated operation.

[0091] Next, we will explain how the control unit 105 controls the amount of adsorbent circulated in response to load fluctuations.

[0092] When the load decreases, the control unit 105 reduces the opening of the third valve 143. This reduces the amount of adsorbent that flows out from the second outlet 139e of the second container 139.

[0093] Furthermore, when the load increases, the control unit 105 increases the opening degree of the third valve 143. This increases the amount of adsorbent that flows out from the second outlet section 139e of the second container 139.

[0094] As an example of the opening degree of the third valve 143, when transitioning from rated operation with the third valve 143 open to partial load operation, the control unit 105 sets the opening degree of the third valve 143 to 20%. Also, when transitioning from partial load operation with the third valve 143 open to 20% to rated operation, the control unit 105 sets the opening degree of the third valve to 50%.

[0095] Here, when transitioning from rated operation to partial load operation, the opening degree of the third valve 143 is reduced, and partial load operation is continued in that state. Conversely, when transitioning from partial load operation to rated operation, the opening degree of the third valve 143 is increased, and rated operation is continued in that state.

[0096] (3-1-3) Operation of the refrigeration unit 100 The refrigeration unit 100 is an air conditioning system in which the first heat recovery unit 133 is an outdoor heat exchanger and the second heat recovery unit 134 is an indoor heat exchanger. When the flow path 111 is in the first state, the refrigeration unit 100 performs cooling operation. When the flow path 111 is in the second state, the refrigeration unit 100 performs heating operation.

[0097] (3-1-3-1) Rated Operation and Partial Load Operation The operation of the first state during rated operation, which is operation with a high load, and during partial load operation, which is operation with a low load, will be described. During rated operation and partial load operation, the first valve 141 and the second valve 142 are in the closed state. Also, the opening degree of the third valve 143 is large during rated operation and small during partial load operation.

[0098] (3-1-3-1-1) When the first state flow path 111 is in the first state, as shown by the solid arrows in Figure 4, the discharge side of the compressor 131 is connected to the first heat recovery unit 133 to create a high-pressure state inside the first heat recovery unit 133, and the suction side of the compressor 131 is connected to the second heat recovery unit 134 to create a low-pressure state inside the second heat recovery unit 134. Therefore, the adsorbent flowing through the flow path 111 adsorbs the refrigerant in the first heat recovery unit 133 and desorbs the refrigerant in the second heat recovery unit 134.

[0099] When the flow path 111 is in the first state, the mixture that has passed through the second heat recovery unit 134 flows into the second container 139 through the switching mechanism 135, where it is separated into refrigerant and adsorbent. The refrigerant separated in the second container 139 flows from the second space 139b through the first outlet 139d into the first flow path 111a, is compressed by the compressor 131, and then flows to the drive inlet 144a of the ejector mechanism 144. The adsorbent separated in the second container 139 flows from the first space 139a through the second outlet 139e into the second flow path 111b, passes through the third valve 143, and flows to the suction inlet 144b of the ejector mechanism 144.

[0100] In the ejector mechanism 144, the refrigerant and adsorbent are mixed to form a mixture, which is discharged from the discharge port 144c. This mixture passes through the switching mechanism 135, the first heat recovery unit 133, the pressure reducing mechanism 132, the second heat recovery unit 134, and the switching mechanism 135 in that order, and flows into the second container 139 via the inlet 139c.

[0101] (3-1-3-1-2) When the second state flow path 111 is in the second state, as shown by the dotted arrow in Figure 4, the discharge side of the compressor 131 is connected to the second heat recovery unit 134 to create a high-pressure state inside the second heat recovery unit 134, and the suction side of the compressor 131 is connected to the first heat recovery unit 133 to create a low-pressure state inside the first heat recovery unit 133. As a result, the adsorbent flowing through the flow path 111 adsorbs the refrigerant in the second heat recovery unit 134 and desorbs the refrigerant in the first heat recovery unit 133.

[0102] When the flow path 111 is in the second state, the mixture that has passed through the first heat recovery unit 133 flows into the second container 139 through the switching mechanism 135, where it is separated into refrigerant and adsorbent. The refrigerant separated in the second container 139 flows from the second space 139b through the first outlet 139d into the first flow path 111a, is compressed by the compressor 131, and then flows to the drive inlet 144a of the ejector mechanism 144. The adsorbent separated in the second container 139 flows from the first space 139a through the second outlet 139e into the second flow path 111b, passes through the third valve 143, and flows to the suction inlet 144b of the ejector mechanism 144.

[0103] In the ejector mechanism 144, the refrigerant and adsorbent are mixed to form a mixture, which is discharged from the discharge port 144c. This mixture passes through the switching mechanism 135, the second heat recovery unit 134, the pressure reducing mechanism 132, the first heat recovery unit 133, and the switching mechanism 135 in that order, and flows into the second container 139 via the inlet 139c.

[0104] (3-1-3-2) When transitioning to operation with a lower load (3-1-3-2-1) When reducing the amount of refrigerant circulated When transitioning from rated operation, which is operation with a high load, to partial load operation, which is operation with a lower load, the control unit 105 opens the second valve 142 and closes the first valve 141. Here, the second valve 142 is fully open and the first valve 141 is fully closed. Since the second valve 142 is open, as shown by the thick arrow in Figure 6, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 131 flows into the second part 111a2 of the first flow path 111a which is branched from between the compressor 131 and the ejector mechanism 144, passes through the second valve 142, and flows into the first container 138 from the inlet 138a. Also, since the first valve 141 is closed, a portion of the refrigerant circulating in the flow path 111 can be stored in the first container 138. As a result, the amount of refrigerant circulating through the flow path 111 can be reduced.

[0105] When the control unit 105 determines that the amount of refrigerant circulating in the flow path 111 is suitable for partial load operation, it closes the second valve 142.

[0106] (3-1-3-2-2) When reducing the amount of adsorbent circulating, when transitioning from rated operation, which is operation with a high load, to partial load operation, which is operation with a lower load, the control unit 105 reduces the opening of the third valve 143. Here, the third valve 143 is not completely closed, but the opening is reduced according to the degree of load reduction. As a result, the amount of adsorbent flowing out from the second outlet 139e of the second container 139 is reduced, so the amount of adsorbent stored in the second container 139 can be increased. As a result, the amount of adsorbent circulating in the flow path 111 can be reduced.

[0107] (3-1-3-3) Transition to operation with a high load (3-1-3-3-1) When increasing the amount of refrigerant circulation When transitioning from partial load operation, which is operation with a low load, to rated operation, which is operation with a high load, the control unit 105 opens the first valve 141 and closes the second valve 142. Here, the first valve 141 is fully open and the second valve 142 is fully closed. Since the second valve 142 is closed, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 131 does not flow into the first container 138, but flows into the first heat recovery unit 133 or the second heat recovery unit 134. Also, since the first valve 141 is open, as shown by the thick arrow in Figure 7, the refrigerant stored in the first container 138 flows into the first part 111a1, passes through the first valve 141, and is sucked into the compressor 131. For this reason, the refrigerant stored in the first container 138 can flow into the flow path 111. As a result, the amount of refrigerant circulating in the flow path 111 can be increased.

[0108] When the control unit 105 determines that the amount of refrigerant circulating in the flow path 111 is suitable for rated operation, it closes the first valve 141.

[0109] (3-1-3-3-2) When increasing the amount of adsorbent circulation, when transitioning from partial load operation, which is operation with a low load, to rated operation, which is operation with a high load, the control unit 105 increases the opening degree of the third valve 143. Here, the third valve 143 is not fully opened, but the opening degree is increased according to the degree of load reduction. As a result, the amount of adsorbent flowing out from the second outlet 139e of the second container 139 increases, so that the adsorbent accumulated in the second container 139 can flow into the flow path 111. As a result, the amount of adsorbent circulating in the flow path 111 can be increased.

[0110] (3-1-4) Features (3-1-4-1) The refrigeration system 100 of this embodiment is a refrigeration system in which a refrigerant and an adsorbent material circulate. The adsorbent material adsorbs and desorbs the refrigerant in accordance with changes in the pressure of the refrigerant. The refrigeration system 100 includes a compressor 131, a first heat recovery unit 133, a second heat recovery unit 134, a pressure reducing mechanism 132, adjustment containers as adjustment units (first container 138 and second container 139 in Figure 4), and a control unit 105. The first heat recovery unit 133 recovers the heat generated when the adsorbent material adsorbs the refrigerant. The second heat recovery unit 134 recovers the cold generated when the adsorbent material desorbs the refrigerant. The adjustment containers are capable of storing at least one of the circulating refrigerant and the adsorbent material. The control unit 105 controls the compressor 131.

[0111] According to the refrigeration system 100 of this embodiment, since it is equipped with a regulating container as a regulating unit, when the load decreases, it is possible to store at least one of the circulating refrigerant and adsorbent. When the load increases, it is possible to circulate at least one of the refrigerant and adsorbent stored in the regulating container. Therefore, the refrigeration system 100 of this embodiment can be operated according to the load.

[0112] Thus, the refrigeration system 100 of this embodiment can control the flow rate of the refrigerant and adsorbent circulating in the flow path 111 using a regulating container. Therefore, when the load is low, the excess can be stored in the regulating container, eliminating the need for transport, and thus reducing the input to the compressor 131.

[0113] (3-1-4-2) Preferably, the refrigeration apparatus 100 of this embodiment further comprises a first flow path 111a through which the refrigerant separated from the adsorbent flows. The adjustment container, which serves as an adjustment unit, is a first container 138 capable of storing refrigerant. The first container 138 is connected to the first flow path 111a.

[0114] Here, the amount of circulating refrigerant can be adjusted because it is possible to store the circulating refrigerant in the first container 138 according to the load.

[0115] (3-1-4-3) In the refrigeration device 100 of this embodiment, preferably, the first flow path 111a includes a first part 111a1 and a second part 111a2. The first part 111a1 connects the suction side of the compressor 131 to the first container 138. The second part 111a2 connects the discharge side of the compressor 131 to the first container 138. The refrigeration device 100 further includes a first valve 141 and a second valve 142. The first valve 141 is located in the first part 111a1. The second valve 142 is located in the second part 111a2.

[0116] Here, by changing the opening degrees of the first valve 141 and the second valve 142, it is easy to accumulate the circulating refrigerant in the first container 138.

[0117] (3-1-4-4) Preferably in the refrigeration device 100 of this embodiment, the control unit 105 further controls the second valve 142. When the load decreases, the control unit 105 opens the second valve 142.

[0118] Here, the second valve 142 is opened when transitioning to operation with a lower load, allowing the circulating refrigerant to be stored in the first container 138. Therefore, when the load decreases, the amount of refrigerant circulated can be reduced.

[0119] (3-1-4-5) Preferably in the refrigeration device 100 of this embodiment, the control unit 105 further controls the first valve 141. When the load increases, the control unit 105 opens the first valve 141.

[0120] Here, the first valve 141 is opened when transitioning to high-load operation, allowing the refrigerant stored in the first container 138 to flow into the first flow path 111a. Therefore, the amount of refrigerant circulated can be increased when the load increases.

[0121] (3-1-4-6) In this embodiment, the refrigeration device 100 has a second container 139 capable of storing adsorbent as an adjustment unit. The refrigeration device 100 further includes a second flow path 111b and a third valve 143. The adsorbent separated from the refrigerant flows through the second flow path 111b. The third valve 143 is provided in the second flow path 111b. The second container 139 is connected to the second flow path 111b.

[0122] Here, depending on the load, the third valve 143 on the second channel 111b through which the adsorbent flows can be used to store the circulating adsorbent in the second container 139, thereby allowing the amount of adsorbent circulated to be adjusted.

[0123] (3-1-4-7) Preferably, the refrigeration apparatus 100 of this embodiment further comprises a first flow path 111a. The first flow path 111a is through which the refrigerant separated from the adsorbent flows. The second container 139 is further connected to the first flow path 111a.

[0124] Thus, the second container 139 may be connected to the second flow path 111b through which the adsorbent flows and the first flow path 111a through which the refrigerant flows.

[0125] (3-1-4-8) Preferably, the refrigeration apparatus 100 of this embodiment further comprises an ejector mechanism 144. The ejector mechanism 144 receives the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 131 and the adsorbent, and the mixture of the refrigerant and the adsorbent flows out. The second flow path 111b connects the ejector mechanism 144 and the second container 139.

[0126] Here, by changing the opening degree of the third valve 143, it is easy to accumulate the circulating adsorbent in the second container 139.

[0127] Furthermore, the ejector mechanism 144 makes it easy to combine the high-pressure refrigerant flowing through the first channel 111a with the low-pressure adsorbent flowing through the second channel 111b.

[0128] (3-1-4-9) Preferably in the refrigeration device 100 of this embodiment, the control unit 105 further controls the third valve 143. When the load decreases, the control unit 105 reduces the opening degree of the third valve 143.

[0129] Here, the opening of the third valve 143 is reduced when transitioning to operation with a lower load, allowing the circulating adsorbent to accumulate in the second container 139. Therefore, when the load decreases, the amount of adsorbent circulated can be reduced.

[0130] (3-1-4-10) Preferably in the refrigeration device 100 of this embodiment, the control unit 105 further controls the third valve 143. When the load increases, the control unit 105 increases the opening degree of the third valve 143.

[0131] Here, when transitioning to operation with a higher load, the opening of the third valve 143 is increased, allowing the adsorbent material accumulated in the second container 139 to flow into the second flow path 111b. Therefore, the amount of adsorbent material circulated can be increased when the load increases.

[0132] (3-1-4-11) The adjustment container, which serves as the adjustment unit of the refrigeration device 100 in this embodiment, comprises a first container 138 and a second container 139.

[0133] Here, both a first container 138 capable of storing refrigerant and a second container 139 capable of storing adsorbent are provided, so the circulation rate of refrigerant and adsorbent can be adjusted according to the load.

[0134] (3-1-4-12) Preferably, in the refrigeration apparatus 100 of this embodiment, the adsorbent includes a metal-organic structure containing metal ions and an organic ligand.

[0135] Thus, metal-organic structures are suitably used as adsorbents for adsorbing and desorbing refrigerants.

[0136] (3-1-4-13) Preferably, in the refrigeration apparatus 100 of this embodiment, the refrigerant includes at least one of carbon dioxide, hydrocarbon refrigerant, ammonia, water, HFC, and HFO.

[0137] Thus, refrigerants selected from the group consisting of carbon dioxide, hydrocarbon refrigerants, ammonia, and water are suitably used as refrigerants in adsorption-type refrigeration cycle systems.

[0138] (3-1-5) Modifications of the First Embodiment (3-1-5-1) Modification 1 In the first embodiment described above, an adjustment container having a first container 138 capable of storing refrigerant and a second container 139 capable of storing adsorbent was used as an example of the adjustment unit, but the invention is not limited thereto.

[0139] The refrigeration apparatus of this disclosure includes a first container 138 capable of storing refrigerant as an adjustment unit, but does not necessarily include a second container 139 capable of storing adsorbent. In this case, the amount of refrigerant circulated is adjusted according to the load.

[0140] Furthermore, the refrigeration apparatus of this disclosure includes a second container 139 capable of storing adsorbent as an adjustment unit, but does not necessarily have to include a first container 138 capable of storing refrigerant. In this case, the amount of adsorbent circulated is adjusted according to the load.

[0141] (3-1-5-2) Modification 2 In the first embodiment described above, an ejector mechanism 144 is placed at the confluence of the refrigerant and the adsorbent, but the invention is not limited to this. In the refrigeration device 101 of this modification, as shown in Figure 8, a booster 151 is placed instead of the ejector mechanism 144. Also, in this modification, the third valve 143 is omitted. The first flow path 111a and the second flow path 111b merge at the confluence 111d.

[0142] The booster 151 has the same function as the booster 41 in Figure 1. The booster 151 is a transport mechanism that transports the adsorbent material within the flow path 111. Here, the booster 151 is located in the second flow path 111b.

[0143] The control unit 105 controls the rotation speed of the booster 151 in order to adjust the amount of adsorbent stored in the second container 139 and the amount of adsorbent discharged from the second container 139. Here, the control unit 105 increases the rotation speed of the booster 151 when the load is high, and decreases the rotation speed of the booster 151 when the load is low.

[0144] (3-1-5-3) Modification 3 In the first embodiment described above, the adsorbent bypasses the compressor 131, but is not limited to this. In this modification, the mixture of refrigerant and adsorbent passes through the compressor 131. For this reason, the ejector mechanism 144 is omitted in this modification.

[0145] In this modified configuration, as shown in Figure 9, the first container 138 is connected to the first flow path 111a, the second flow path 111b, and the third flow path 111c. The first container 138 has the function of separating the mixture pressurized by the compressor 131 into a refrigerant and an adsorbent. The first container 138 having such a function has, for example, a mechanism for centrifugally separating the adsorbent by swirling the mixture inside. The adsorbent separated in the first container 138 falls due to gravity and accumulates at the bottom of the first container 138. The refrigerant separated in the first container 138 remains above the adsorbent.

[0146] In this modified example, the inlet 138a of the first container 138 is connected to a third flow path 111c through which a mixture of refrigerant and adsorbent flows. The first container 138 further has a second outlet 138e through which the adsorbent flows out. The second outlet 138e is connected to a second flow path 111b.

[0147] The refrigeration device 102 further comprises an adsorbent discharge valve 161 and a refrigerant discharge valve 162. The adsorbent discharge valve 161 is located in the vicinity of the second outlet 138c of the first container 138 in the second flow path 111b. The refrigerant discharge valve 162 is located in the vicinity of the outlet 138b of the first container 138 in the first flow path 111a. The adsorbent discharge valve 161 and the refrigerant discharge valve 162 are located upstream of the first valve 141. The adsorbent discharge valve 161 is a solenoid valve, an electric valve, etc. The refrigerant discharge valve 162 is an electric valve with an adjustable opening.

[0148] When the load decreases, the control unit 105 opens the second valve 142 and slightly opens the refrigerant discharge valve 162. Opening the second valve 142 allows the mixture to flow into the first container 138. Slightly opening the refrigerant discharge valve 162 allows the refrigerant to accumulate in the first container 138. As a result, the amount of refrigerant circulated can be reduced.

[0149] Furthermore, the control unit 105 opens the adsorbent discharge valve 161 and the first valve 141. By opening the adsorbent discharge valve 161, the adsorbent flows out from the second outlet section 138c, mixes with the refrigerant acting as a driving flow flowing out from the outlet section 138b, and passes through the first valve 141, allowing the adsorbent to be returned to the flow path 111.

[0150] When the load increases, the control unit 105 closes the second valve 142 and opens the first valve 141 and the refrigerant discharge valve 162. By closing the second valve 142, the mixture discharged from the compressor 131 is prevented from flowing into the first container 138. Then, by opening the refrigerant discharge valve 162, the refrigerant accumulated in the first container 138 flows out from the outlet section 138b into the first flow path 111a, and can be returned to the flow path 111 through the refrigerant discharge valve 162 and the first valve 141. As a result, the amount of refrigerant circulated can be increased.

[0151] (3-1-5-4) Modification 4 In the first embodiment described above, the second container 139 as an adjustment unit has the function of separating the refrigerant and the adsorbent from the mixture, but is not limited to this. The second container 139 does not need to have a separation function as long as it can store the adsorbent. In this case, a separation unit having a separation function and a second container capable of storing the adsorbent are provided.

[0152] (3-2) Second Embodiment The basic configuration and operation of the refrigeration system 200 of the second embodiment shown in Figure 10 are the same as those of the refrigeration system 100 of the first embodiment, so the differences between the refrigeration system 100 and the refrigeration system 200 will be explained in detail.

[0153] (3-2-1) Equipment configuration of the refrigeration device 200 The refrigeration device 200 of this embodiment differs from the refrigeration device 100 of the first embodiment mainly in that it has a third container 210 capable of storing refrigerant and adsorbent instead of a first container 138 capable of storing refrigerant. In detail, the refrigeration device 200 does not have the first container 138, the first valve 141 and the second valve 142 of the first embodiment, but it has a third container 210, a fourth valve 211a, 211b, a fifth valve 212 and a sixth valve 213. Furthermore, the flow path 111 has a first connecting flow path 111e and a second connecting flow path 111f.

[0154] Specifically, the third container 210 is an adjustment container (an example of an adjustment unit) capable of storing the refrigerant and adsorbent circulating in the flow path 111. The third container 210 is capable of storing the refrigerant and adsorbent inside and discharging the refrigerant and adsorbent from the inside to the outside.

[0155] The third container 210 in this embodiment has the function of separating the mixture into a refrigerant and an adsorbent. The third container 210 having such a function has, for example, a mechanism for centrifugally separating the adsorbent by swirling the mixture inside. The adsorbent separated in the third container 210 falls due to gravity and is accumulated in the first space 210a at the bottom of the third container 210. In Figure 10, the adsorbent accumulated in the first space 210a is shown as a hatched area. The refrigerant separated in the third container 210 remains in the second space 210b above the first space 210a. The first space 210a may contain a mixture with a high adsorbent content, and the second space 210b may contain a mixture with a high refrigerant content.

[0156] The third container 210 has an inlet 210c, a first outlet 210d, and a second outlet 210e. The mixture flows into the inlet 210c. The inlet 210c is connected to the third flow path 111c. The refrigerant flows out of the second space 210b through the first outlet 210d. The first outlet 210d is connected to the first flow path 111a. The adsorbent flows out of the first space 210a through the second outlet 210e. The second outlet 210e is connected to the second flow path 111b. In this way, the third container 210 is connected to the first flow path 111a through which the refrigerant from which the adsorbent has been separated from the mixture flows, the second flow path 111b through which the adsorbent from which the refrigerant has been separated from the mixture flows, and the third flow path 111c through which the mixture flows.

[0157] The third container 210 is connected between the high-pressure side flow path and the low-pressure side flow path. Here, the terms "high-pressure side" and "low-pressure side" will be explained.

[0158] When the refrigerant passes through the pressure reducing mechanism 132, the upstream side of the pressure reducing mechanism 132 in the refrigerant flow is called the "high-pressure side," and the downstream side of the pressure reducing mechanism 132 is called the "low-pressure side." When the refrigerant passes through the pressure reducing mechanism 132, with respect to the flow path 111, the flow path upstream of the pressure reducing mechanism 132 is called the high-pressure side flow path, and the flow path downstream of the pressure reducing mechanism 132 is called the low-pressure side flow path.

[0159] Furthermore, if the refrigerant does not pass through the pressure reduction mechanism 132, the upstream side of the fourth valves 211a and 211b in the refrigerant flow is called the "high-pressure side," and the downstream side of the fourth valves 211a and 211b is called the "low-pressure side." If the refrigerant does not pass through the pressure reduction mechanism 132, the upstream flow path of the fourth valves 211a and 211b in the flow path 111 is called the high-pressure side flow path, and the downstream side of the fourth valves 211a and 211b is called the low-pressure side flow path.

[0160] The third container 210 is positioned on a connecting channel that connects the high-pressure side of the pressure reducing mechanism 132 to the low-pressure side of the pressure reducing mechanism 132. In this embodiment, the connecting channel has a first connecting channel 111e and a second connecting channel 111f.

[0161] The first connecting channel 111e connects the high-pressure side of the pressure reducing mechanism 132 to the low-pressure side of the pressure reducing mechanism 132 while the channel 111 is in the first state. The second connecting channel 111f connects the high-pressure side of the pressure reducing mechanism 132 to the low-pressure side of the pressure reducing mechanism 132 while the channel 111 is in the second state.

[0162] In Figure 10, the first connecting channel 111e branches off from between the first heat recovery unit 133 and the depressurization mechanism 132 and connects between the second container 139 and the switching mechanism 135. The second connecting channel 111f branches off from between the second heat recovery unit 134 and the depressurization mechanism 132 and connects between the second container 139 and the switching mechanism 135.

[0163] The first connecting channel 111e and the second connecting channel 111f include a third part 111g, a fourth part 111h, and a fifth part 111i.

[0164] The third section 111g connects the high-pressure side of the depressurization mechanism 132 to the inlet 210c of the third container 210. The mixture flows through the third section 111g. For this reason, the third section 111g constitutes a part of the first flow path 111a.

[0165] The fourth section 111h connects the first outlet 210d of the third container 210 to the low-pressure side of the depressurization mechanism 132. In Figure 10, the fourth section 111h and the fifth section 111i merge midway.

[0166] The fifth section 111i connects the second outlet 210e of the third container 210 to the low-pressure side of the depressurization mechanism 132. The fifth section 111i extends downward from the second outlet 210e of the third container 210 so that the adsorbent flowing out of the second outlet 210e of the third container 210 moves by gravity.

[0167] The fourth valves 211a and 211b are located in the third section 111g. The fourth valve 211a adjusts the flow rate of the mixture when the flow path 111 is in a first state. The fourth valve 211b adjusts the flow rate of the mixture when the flow path 111 is in a second state. The fourth valves 211a and 211b are capable of reducing the pressure of the mixture. The fourth valves 211a and 211b are, for example, adjustable valves with a variable opening, expanders with a variable rotation speed, or capillary tubes.

[0168] The fifth valve 212 is located in the fourth section 111h. The fifth valve 212 adjusts the flow rate of the refrigerant. The fifth valve is, for example, a solenoid valve, an electric valve, etc., and in this case it is an electric valve.

[0169] The sixth valve 213 is located in the fifth section 111i. The sixth valve 213 adjusts the flow rate of the adsorbent. The sixth valve 213 is, for example, a powder valve.

[0170] The second container 139 in this embodiment does not have the function of accumulating adsorbent material in response to the load, but rather acts as a separator. For this reason, the second container 139 in this embodiment is smaller than the second container 139 in the first embodiment. The third valve 143 adjusts the flow rate of adsorbent material flowing into the ejector mechanism 144.

[0171] (3-2-2) Control configuration of the refrigeration device 200 The control unit 105 of this embodiment differs from the first embodiment mainly in that it controls the fourth valve 211a, 211b, the fifth valve 212 and the sixth valve 213.

[0172] Specifically, the control unit 105 adjusts the circulation rate of at least one of the refrigerant and adsorbent by changing the amount of at least one of the refrigerant and adsorbent stored in the third container 210, which acts as an adjustment container, according to the load. Here, the control unit 105 controls the amount of refrigerant stored in the third container 210 and the circulation rate of the refrigerant in the flow path 111 by controlling the fourth valves 211a, 211b and the fifth valve 212. The control unit 105 also controls the amount of adsorbent stored in the third container 210 and the circulation rate of the adsorbent in the flow path 111 by controlling the fourth valves 211a, 211b and the sixth valve 213.

[0173] For details, please refer to Figure 11, which is as follows. First, we will explain how the control unit 105 controls the amount of refrigerant circulated in response to load fluctuations.

[0174] When the load decreases, the control unit 105 opens the fourth valves 211a and 211b. As a result, the mixture discharged from the ejector mechanism 144 flows through the third section 111g and the fourth valves 211a and 211b of the connecting passages 111e and 111f, and into the third container 210 from the inlet 210c. This prevents the mixture discharged from the ejector mechanism 144 from flowing into the first heat recovery unit 133 or the second heat recovery unit 134.

[0175] Furthermore, the control unit 105 closes the fifth valve 212. This allows refrigerant to be stored in the third container 210. As a result, the amount of refrigerant circulated can be reduced.

[0176] When the load increases, the control unit 105 closes the fourth valves 211a and 211b. As a result, the mixture discharged from the ejector mechanism 144 does not flow into the connecting channels 111e and 111f, but instead flows into the first heat recovery unit 133 or the second heat recovery unit 134.

[0177] Furthermore, when the load increases, the control unit 105 opens the fifth valve 212. As a result, the refrigerant stored in the third container 210 flows through the fourth section 111h and the fifth valve 212 to the second container 139. This increases the amount of refrigerant circulated.

[0178] Next, we will explain how the control unit 105 controls the amount of adsorbent circulated in response to load fluctuations.

[0179] When the load decreases, the control unit 105 opens the fourth valves 211a and 211b and closes the sixth valve 213. This allows the adsorbent to accumulate in the third container 210. As a result, the amount of adsorbent circulated can be reduced.

[0180] Furthermore, when the load increases, the control unit 105 closes the fourth valves 211a and 211b and opens the sixth valve 213. As a result, the adsorbent stored in the third container 210 flows through the fifth section 111i and the sixth valve 213 to the second container 139. This increases the amount of adsorbent circulated.

[0181] In this way, the control unit 105 can adjust the circulation rate of either the adsorbent or the refrigerant. The control unit 105 may perform the above control simultaneously or at different timings.

[0182] In summary, when the load decreases, the control unit 105 opens the fourth valves 211a and 211b and closes at least one of the fifth valve 212 and the sixth valve 213. Here, the fourth valves 211a and 211b are opened when transitioning from rated operation to partial load operation where the load decreases. In this state, the fifth valve 212 is closed to reduce the amount of refrigerant circulating, and the sixth valve 213 is closed to reduce the amount of adsorbent circulating.

[0183] When the load increases, the control unit 105 closes the fourth valves 211a and 211b, and opens at least one of the fifth valve 212 and the sixth valve 213. In this case, when transitioning from partial load operation to rated operation, the fourth valves 211a and 211b are closed. In this state, the fifth valve 212 is opened to increase the refrigerant circulation rate, and the sixth valve 213 is opened to increase the adsorbent circulation rate.

[0184] Furthermore, the refrigeration device 200 can also increase the circulation rate of the adsorbent and decrease the circulation rate of the refrigerant. In this case, the control unit 105 opens the fourth valves 211a and 211b, closes the fifth valve 212 and the sixth valve 213 to reduce the circulation rate of the refrigerant and the adsorbent, and then closes the fourth valves 211a and 211b and opens the sixth valve 213.

[0185] (3-2-3) Operation of the Refrigeration System 100 (3-2-3-1) Rated Operation and Partial Load Operation The operation of the first state during rated operation, which is operation with a large load, and during partial load operation, which is operation with a low load, will be described. During rated operation and partial load operation, the fourth valve 211a, 211b, the fifth valve 212, and the sixth valve 213 are in the closed state.

[0186] When the flow path 111 is in the first state, the operation is the same as in the first embodiment, as shown by the solid arrow in Figure 10. When the flow path 111 is in the second state, the operation is the same as in the first embodiment, as shown by the dashed arrow in Figure 10.

[0187] (3-2-3-2) Transition to operation with reduced load This section explains the transition from rated operation, which is operation with a high load, to partial load operation, which is operation with a reduced load. Here, when transitioning to operation with a reduced load, the circulation rate of the refrigerant and adsorbent is reduced.

[0188] When the flow path 111 is in the first state, the control unit 105 opens the fourth valve 211a on the first connecting flow path 111e and closes the fourth valve 211b on the second connecting flow path 111f. As a result, as shown by the thick solid arrow in Figure 12, the mixture discharged from the ejector mechanism 144 flows through the third section 111g of the first connecting flow path 111e and into the third container 210.

[0189] When the flow path 111 is in the second state, the control unit 105 closes the fourth valve 211a on the first connecting flow path 111e and opens the fourth valve 211b on the second connecting flow path 111f. As a result, as shown by the thick dashed arrow in Figure 12, the mixture discharged from the ejector mechanism 144 flows through the third section 111g of the second connecting flow path 111f and into the third container 210.

[0190] The mixture that flows in from the inlet 210c is separated into refrigerant and adsorbent in the third container 210.

[0191] The control unit 105 closes the fifth valve 212. This allows refrigerant to be stored in the third container 210. As a result, the amount of refrigerant circulating in the flow path 111 can be reduced.

[0192] Furthermore, the control unit 105 closes the sixth valve 213. This allows the adsorbent to accumulate in the third container 210. As a result, the amount of adsorbent circulating in the flow path 111 can be reduced.

[0193] When the control unit 105 determines that the amount of refrigerant and adsorbent circulating in the flow path 111 is suitable for partial load operation, it closes the fourth valves 211a and 211b.

[0194] (3-2-3-3) Transition to High-Load Operation This section explains the transition from low-load partial-load operation to high-load rated operation. In this section, the circulation rate of refrigerant and adsorbent is increased when transitioning to high-load operation.

[0195] The control unit 105 closes the fourth valve 211a on the first connecting channel 111e and the fourth valve 211b on the second connecting channel 111f. This prevents the mixture discharged from the ejector mechanism 144 from flowing into the first connecting channel 111e and the second connecting channel 111f.

[0196] The control unit 105 opens the fifth valve 212. This allows the refrigerant accumulated in the third container 210 to flow out from the first outlet 210d, as shown by the thick arrow in Figure 13. As a result, the amount of refrigerant circulating in the flow path 111 can be increased.

[0197] The control unit 105 opens the sixth valve 213. This allows the adsorbent accumulated in the third container 210 to flow out from the second outlet 210e, as shown by the thick arrow in Figure 13. As a result, the amount of adsorbent circulating in the flow path 111 can be increased.

[0198] When the control unit 105 determines that the amount of refrigerant and adsorbent circulating in the flow path 111 is suitable for rated operation, it closes the fifth valve 212 and the sixth valve 213.

[0199] (3-2-4) Features (3-2-4-1) In the refrigeration device 200 of this embodiment, the adjustment container, which serves as the adjustment unit, is a third container 210 capable of storing refrigerant and adsorbent. The third container 210 is connected between the high-pressure side flow path and the low-pressure side flow path.

[0200] In the refrigeration system 200 of this embodiment, the amount of circulating refrigerant and adsorbent can be adjusted because the circulating refrigerant and adsorbent can be stored in the third container 210 according to the load.

[0201] (3-2-4-2) Preferably in the refrigeration apparatus 200 of this embodiment, the third container 210 includes an inlet 210c, a first outlet 210d, and a second outlet 210e. The inlet 210c is through which the refrigerant and adsorbent flow in. The first outlet 210d is through which the refrigerant flows out. The second outlet 210e is through which the adsorbent flows out. The refrigeration apparatus 200 further includes connecting passages 111e and 111f that connect the high-pressure side of the pressure reducing mechanism 132 to the low-pressure side of the pressure reducing mechanism 132. The connecting passages 111e and 111f include a third section 111g, a fourth section 111h, and a fifth section 111i. The third section 111g connects the high-pressure side of the pressure reducing mechanism 132 to the inlet 210c. The fourth section 111h connects the first outlet 210d to the low-pressure side of the pressure reducing mechanism 132. The fifth section 111i connects the second outlet 210e to the low-pressure side of the pressure reducing mechanism 132. The refrigeration device 200 includes fourth valves 211a and 211b, fifth valve 212, and sixth valve 213. The fourth valves 211a and 211b are located in the third section 111g. The fifth valve 212 is located in the fourth section 111h. The sixth valve is located in the fifth section 111i.

[0202] Here, by changing the opening degrees of the fourth valves 211a and 211b, the fifth valve 212, and the sixth valve 213, it is easy to accumulate the circulating refrigerant and adsorbent in the third container 210.

[0203] (3-2-4-3) Preferably in the refrigeration device 200 of this embodiment, the control unit 105 further controls the fourth valves 211a, 211b, the fifth valve 212, and the sixth valve 213. When the load decreases, the control unit 105 opens the fourth valves 211a, 211b and closes at least one of the fifth valve 212 and the sixth valve 213.

[0204] Here, when transitioning to low-load operation, opening the fourth valves 211a and 211b while closing the fifth valve 212 allows the circulating refrigerant to be stored in the third container 210. Similarly, when transitioning to low-load operation, opening the fourth valves 211a and 211b while closing the sixth valve 213 allows the circulating adsorbent to be stored in the third container 210. Therefore, when the load decreases, the circulation amount of at least one of the refrigerant and adsorbent can be reduced.

[0205] (3-2-4-4) Preferably in the refrigeration apparatus 200 of this embodiment, the control unit 105 further controls the fourth valves 211a, 211b, the fifth valve 212, and the sixth valve 213. When the load increases, the control unit 105 closes the fourth valves 211a, 211b and opens at least one of the fifth valve 212 and the sixth valve 213.

[0206] Here, when transitioning to high-load operation, closing the fourth valves 211a and 211b while opening the fifth valve 212 allows refrigerant to flow from the third container 210 to the fourth section 111h. Also, when transitioning to high-load operation, closing the fourth valves 211a and 211b while opening the sixth valve 213 allows adsorbent to flow from the third container 210 to the fifth section 111i. Therefore, when the load increases, the circulation rate of at least one of the refrigerant and adsorbent can be increased.

[0207] (3-2-5) Modification of the Second Embodiment (3-2-5-1) Modification 1 In the above embodiment, the connecting channels 111e and 111f are connected between the second container 139 and the switching mechanism 135, but are not limited to this. In the refrigeration apparatus 201 of this modification, as shown in Figure 14, the fourth part 111h and the fifth part 111i of the first connecting channel 111e are connected between the depressurization mechanism 132 and the second heat recovery unit 134. The second connecting channel 111f is branched from between the depressurization mechanism 132 and the second heat recovery unit 134 and connected between the depressurization mechanism 132 and the first heat recovery unit 133.

[0208] In this modified example, in the third container 210, the inlet 210c through which the mixture flows when the flow path 111 is in the first state becomes the outlet for the refrigerant when the flow path 111 is in the second state. In the third container 210, the first outlet 210d through which the refrigerant flows out when the flow path 111 is in the first state becomes the inlet for the mixture when the flow path 111 is in the second state.

[0209] Furthermore, the third container 210 includes two second outlets 210e from which the adsorbent material flows out when the flow path 111 is in the first state and the second state, respectively. A further flow path is provided that connects the second outlets 210e when the flow path 111 is in the second state to the first connecting flow path 111e, and a sixth valve 213b is arranged on this flow path.

[0210] Furthermore, the fifth valve 212, which adjusts the flow rate of the refrigerant when the flow path 111 is in the first state, becomes the fourth valve 211b, which adjusts the flow rate of the mixture when the flow path 111 is in the second state. The fourth valve 211a, which adjusts the flow rate of the mixture when the flow path 111 is in the first state, becomes the fifth valve, which adjusts the flow rate of the refrigerant when the flow path 111 is in the second state.

[0211] (3-2-5-2) Modification 2 In the above embodiment, the connecting passages 111e and 111f are connected between the second container 139 and the switching mechanism 135, but are not limited to this. In the refrigeration system 202 of this modification, as shown in Figure 15, the fourth part 111h of the first connecting passage 111e is connected between the depressurization mechanism 132 and the second heat recovery unit 134. The second connecting passage 111f is branched from between the depressurization mechanism 132 and the second heat recovery unit 134 and is further connected between the depressurization mechanism 132 and the first heat recovery unit 133. In this way, in this modification, when transitioning to operation with a high load, the refrigerant and adsorbent stored in the third container 210 are flowed to different parts of the passage 111.

[0212] (3-3) Third Embodiment The basic configuration and operation of the third embodiment refrigeration system 300 shown in Figure 16 are the same as those of the first embodiment refrigeration system 100, so the differences between the refrigeration system 100 and the refrigeration system 300 will be explained in detail.

[0213] (3-3-1) Equipment configuration of the refrigeration device 300 The refrigeration device 300 of this embodiment does not have an adjustment container. Specifically, as shown in Figure 16, the first container 138, the first part 111a1, the second part 111a2, the first valve 141, and the second valve 142 are omitted. In addition, the second container 139 has the function of separating the refrigerant and the adsorbent from the mixture, but it does not have the function of accumulating the adsorbent according to the load.

[0214] In this embodiment, the adjustment unit is either the first heat recovery unit 133 or the second heat recovery unit 134 on the high-pressure side. Specifically, when the flow path 111 is in the first state, the adjustment unit is the first heat recovery unit 133, and when the flow path 111 is in the second state, the adjustment unit is the second heat recovery unit.

[0215] (3-3-2) Control configuration of the refrigeration system 300 The control unit 105 in this embodiment adjusts at least one of the rotational speed of the compressor 131 and the opening degree of the pressure reducing mechanism 132 to store at least one of the refrigerant and the adsorbent in the first heat recovery unit 133 or the second heat recovery unit 134, which act as adjustment units.

[0216] Here, the control unit 105 adjusts the circulation rate of at least one of the refrigerant and the adsorbent by changing the amount of at least one of the refrigerant and the adsorbent stored in the first heat recovery unit 133 or the second heat recovery unit 134, which acts as an adjustment unit, according to the load.

[0217] Specifically, the control unit 105 causes the refrigerant and adsorbent to accumulate in the high-pressure heat recovery section of the first heat recovery section 133 and the second heat recovery section 134 by increasing the rotational speed of the compressor 131 and decreasing the opening of the pressure reducing mechanism 132. This reduces the amount of refrigerant and adsorbent circulating in the flow path 111. Furthermore, the control unit 105 causes the refrigerant and adsorbent that had accumulated in the high-pressure heat recovery section of the first heat recovery section 133 and the second heat recovery section 134 to flow into the flow path 111 by decreasing the rotational speed of the compressor 131 and increasing the opening of the pressure reducing mechanism 132. This increases the amount of refrigerant and adsorbent circulating in the flow path 111.

[0218] The control of the circulation rate of refrigerant and adsorbent by the control unit 105 in response to load fluctuations will be explained below.

[0219] When the control unit 105 transitions from rated operation, which is operation under a high load, to partial load operation, which is operation under a low load, it increases the rotational speed of the compressor 131 and reduces the opening degree of the pressure reducing mechanism 132, at least one of these actions.

[0220] In detail, when the load decreases, the control unit 105 increases the rotational speed of the compressor 131 while maintaining the opening of the pressure reducing mechanism 132. As a result, the amount of refrigerant discharged per unit time from the compressor 131 increases, while the amount of refrigerant and adsorbent circulating per unit time from the high-pressure side first heat recovery unit 133 or second heat recovery unit 134 toward the pressure reducing mechanism 132 does not change. Therefore, the amount of refrigerant and adsorbent reaching the high-pressure side heat recovery unit increases by the amount of refrigerant and adsorbent reaching the high-pressure side heat recovery unit, but the amount of refrigerant and adsorbent flowing from the high-pressure side heat recovery unit toward the pressure reducing mechanism 132 does not change, so the difference accumulates in the high-pressure side heat recovery unit.

[0221] Alternatively, when the load decreases, the control unit 105 maintains the rotational speed of the compressor 131 while reducing the opening of the pressure reducing mechanism 132. As a result, the amount of refrigerant discharged per unit time from the compressor 131 does not change, while the amount of refrigerant and adsorbent circulating per unit time from the high-pressure side first heat recovery unit 133 or second heat recovery unit 134 toward the pressure reducing mechanism 132 decreases. Therefore, the amount of refrigerant and adsorbent flowing from the high-pressure side heat recovery unit toward the pressure reducing mechanism 132 decreases by the amount of the opening of the pressure reducing mechanism 132, but the amount of refrigerant and adsorbent reaching the high-pressure side heat recovery unit does not change, so the difference accumulates in the high-pressure side heat recovery unit.

[0222] Alternatively, when the load decreases, the control unit 105 increases the rotational speed of the compressor 131 while decreasing the opening of the pressure reducing mechanism 132. As a result, the amount of refrigerant discharged per unit time from the compressor 131 increases, while the amount of refrigerant and adsorbent circulating per unit time from the high-pressure side first heat recovery unit 133 or second heat recovery unit 134 toward the pressure reducing mechanism 132 decreases. Therefore, the amount of refrigerant and adsorbent reaching the high-pressure side heat recovery unit increases by the increase in the rotational speed of the compressor 131, while the amount of refrigerant and adsorbent flowing from the high-pressure side heat recovery unit toward the pressure reducing mechanism 132 decreases by the decrease in the opening of the pressure reducing mechanism 132. This difference accumulates in the high-pressure side heat recovery unit.

[0223] In this way, when the control unit 105 determines that the amount of refrigerant and adsorbent circulating in the flow path 111 is suitable for partial load operation, it stops the operation to store at least one of the refrigerant and adsorbent in the high-pressure heat recovery unit and starts operation with the appropriate amount.

[0224] On the other hand, when the control unit 105 transitions from low-load partial-load operation to high-load rated operation, it performs at least one of the following: reducing the rotational speed of the compressor 131 and increasing the opening of the pressure reducing mechanism 132.

[0225] In detail, when the load increases, the control unit 105 reduces the rotational speed of the compressor 131 while maintaining the opening of the pressure reducing mechanism 132. As a result, the amount of refrigerant discharged per unit time from the compressor 131 decreases, while the amount of refrigerant and adsorbent circulating per unit time from the high-pressure side first heat recovery unit 133 or second heat recovery unit 134 toward the pressure reducing mechanism 132 remains unchanged. Therefore, the amount of refrigerant and adsorbent reaching the high-pressure side heat recovery unit decreases by the amount of the compressor 131's rotational speed, but the amount of refrigerant and adsorbent flowing from the high-pressure side heat recovery unit toward the pressure reducing mechanism 132 remains unchanged, and the difference flows out from the high-pressure side heat recovery unit toward the flow path 111.

[0226] Alternatively, when the load decreases, the control unit 105 increases the opening of the pressure reducing mechanism 132 while maintaining the rotational speed of the compressor 131. As a result, the amount of refrigerant discharged from the compressor 131 does not change, while the amount of refrigerant and adsorbent circulating from the high-pressure side first heat recovery unit 133 or second heat recovery unit 134 toward the pressure reducing mechanism 132 increases. Therefore, the amount of refrigerant and adsorbent reaching the high-pressure side heat recovery unit does not change, although the amount of refrigerant and adsorbent circulating from the high-pressure side heat recovery unit toward the pressure reducing mechanism 132 increases by the amount of the opening of the pressure reducing mechanism 132. The difference flows out from the high-pressure side heat recovery unit into the flow path 111.

[0227] Alternatively, when the load increases, the control unit 105 reduces the rotational speed of the compressor 131 while increasing the opening of the pressure reducing mechanism 132. As a result, the amount of refrigerant discharged per unit time from the compressor 131 decreases, while the amount of refrigerant and adsorbent circulating per unit time from the high-pressure side first heat recovery unit 133 or second heat recovery unit 134 toward the pressure reducing mechanism 132 increases. Therefore, the amount of refrigerant and adsorbent reaching the high-pressure side heat recovery unit decreases by the amount of the compressor 131's rotational speed, while the amount of refrigerant and adsorbent flowing from the high-pressure side heat recovery unit toward the pressure reducing mechanism 132 increases by the amount of the pressure reducing mechanism 132's opening. The difference flows out from the high-pressure side heat recovery unit into the flow path 111.

[0228] In this way, when the control unit 105 determines that the amount of refrigerant and adsorbent circulating in the flow path 111 is suitable for rated operation, it stops the operation to discharge at least one of the refrigerant and adsorbent from the high-pressure heat recovery unit and starts operation with the appropriate amount.

[0229] (3-3-3) Features In the refrigeration system 300 of this embodiment, the control unit 105 adjusts at least one of the rotational speed of the compressor 131 and the opening degree of the pressure reduction mechanism 132 to store at least one of the refrigerant and the adsorbent in the adjustment unit (high-pressure side heat recovery unit).

[0230] Here, depending on the load, the control unit 105 can control and store at least one of the circulating refrigerant and adsorbent in the adjustment unit, thereby allowing the circulation amount of at least one of the refrigerant and adsorbent to be adjusted.

[0231] (3-2-4) Modifications of the Third Embodiment (3-2-4-1) Modification 1 In the third embodiment described above, the equipment configuration in the first embodiment, which does not include an adjustment container, was used as an example, but the invention is not limited thereto. The equipment configuration in the second embodiment, which does not include an adjustment container, can also be applied to the third embodiment.

[0232] (3-2-4-2) Modification 2 In the third embodiment described above, the equipment configuration without an adjustment container was used as an example in the first embodiment, but the invention is not limited thereto. In the equipment configuration of the first or second embodiment, the heat recovery unit on the high-pressure side of the third embodiment may be further used as the adjustment unit. In other words, the adjustment unit may include the first container 138, the second container 139, and the heat recovery unit on the high-pressure side.

[0233] (4) Modifications Modifications of the first to third embodiments will be described below.

[0234] (4-1) Modification A The adsorbent used in the refrigeration units 100, 101, 102, 200, 201, and 202 is a metal-organic structure. However, materials other than metal-organic structures may be used as the adsorbent. Examples of materials other than metal-organic structures include activated carbon, zeolite-based materials, silica-based materials, and alumina-based materials.

[0235] (4-2) Modification B In the above embodiment, an air conditioning system was used as an example, but the invention is not limited thereto. The heat exchange medium that exchanges heat with the heat generated in the first heat recovery unit 133 and the second heat recovery unit 134 may be water, brine, or the like.

[0236] While embodiments of this disclosure have been described above, it should be understood that various modifications to the form and details are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of this disclosure as described in the claims.

[0237] 100, 101, 102, 200, 201, 201, 300: Refrigeration device 105: Control unit 111a: First flow path 111a1: First section 111a2: Second section 111b: Second flow path 111e, 111f: Connecting flow paths 111g: Third section 111h: Fourth section 111i: Fifth section 131: Compressor 132: Pressure reducing mechanism 133: First heat recovery section 134: Second heat recovery section 138: First container 139: Second container 141: First valve 142: Second valve 143: Third valve 144: Ejector mechanism 210: Third container 210c: Inlet 210d: First outlet 210e: Second outlet; 211a, 211b: Fourth valve; 212: Fifth valve; 213, 213b: Sixth valve

[0238] U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2023 / 0417459

Claims

1. A refrigeration system (100) comprising: a compressor (131); a first heat recovery unit (133, 134) for recovering the heat generated when the adsorbent material adsorbs the refrigerant; a second heat recovery unit (134, 133) for recovering the cold generated when the adsorbent material desorbs the refrigerant; a pressure reducing mechanism (132); adjustment units (138, 139) capable of storing at least one of the circulating refrigerant and the adsorbent; and a control unit (105) for controlling the compressor.

2. The refrigeration apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a first flow path (111a) through which the refrigerant separated from the adsorbent flows, wherein the adjustment unit is a first container (138) connected to the first flow path and capable of storing the refrigerant.

3. The refrigeration apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the first flow path includes a first part (111a1) connecting the suction side of the compressor to the first container, and a second part (111a2) connecting the discharge side of the compressor to the first container, and further comprises a first valve (141) disposed in the first part, and a second valve (142) disposed in the second part.

4. The control unit further controls the second valve, and when the load decreases, the control unit opens the second valve, according to claim 3.

5. The refrigeration apparatus according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the control unit further controls the first valve, and the control unit opens the first valve when the load increases.

6. The adjustment unit is a second container (139) capable of storing the adsorbent, further comprising a second flow path (111b) through which the adsorbent separated from the refrigerant flows, and a third valve (143) provided in the second flow path, wherein the second container is connected to the second flow path, the refrigeration apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. The refrigeration apparatus according to claim 6, further comprising a first flow path (111a) through which the refrigerant separated from the adsorbent flows, wherein the second container is further connected to the first flow path.

8. The refrigeration apparatus according to claim 6 or 7, further comprising an ejector mechanism (144) into which the refrigerant discharged from the compressor and the adsorbent flow, and into which a mixture of the refrigerant and the adsorbent flows out, wherein the second flow path connects the ejector mechanism and the second container.

9. The refrigeration apparatus according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the control unit further controls the third valve (143), and when the load is low, the control unit reduces the opening degree of the third valve.

10. The refrigeration apparatus according to any one of claims 6 to 9, wherein the control unit further controls the third valve, and when the load increases, the control unit increases the opening degree of the third valve.

11. The refrigeration apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the adjustment unit comprises a first container (138) capable of storing the refrigerant and a second container (139) capable of storing the adsorbent.

12. The refrigeration apparatus (200) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the adjustment unit is a third container (210) connected between the high-pressure side flow path and the low-pressure side flow path, and capable of storing the refrigerant and the adsorbent.

13. The refrigeration apparatus according to claim 12, wherein the third container includes an inlet (210c) into which the refrigerant and the adsorbent flow in, a first outlet (210d) from which the refrigerant flows out, and a second outlet (210e) from which the adsorbent flows out, and the connecting passage (111e) connecting the high-pressure side of the pressure reducing mechanism and the low-pressure side of the pressure reducing mechanism includes a third section (111g) connecting the high-pressure side of the pressure reducing mechanism and the inlet, a fourth section (111h) connecting the first outlet and the low-pressure side of the pressure reducing mechanism, and a fifth section (111i) connecting the second outlet and the low-pressure side of the pressure reducing mechanism, and further comprises a fourth valve (211a) disposed in the third section, a fifth valve (212) disposed in the fourth section, and a sixth valve (213) disposed in the fifth section.

14. The refrigeration apparatus according to claim 13, wherein the control unit further controls the fourth valve, the fifth valve and the sixth valve, and when the load is low, the control unit opens the fourth valve and closes at least one of the fifth valve and the sixth valve.

15. The refrigeration apparatus according to claim 13 or 14, wherein the control unit further controls the fourth valve, the fifth valve and the sixth valve, and when the load increases, the control unit closes the fourth valve and opens at least one of the fifth valve and the sixth valve.

16. The refrigeration apparatus (300) according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the control unit adjusts at least one of the rotational speed of the compressor and the opening degree of the pressure reducing mechanism to accumulate at least one of the refrigerant and the adsorbent in the adjustment unit.

17. The refrigeration apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the adsorbent comprises a metal-organic structure containing a metal ion and an organic ligand.

18. The refrigeration apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 17, wherein the refrigerant comprises at least one of carbon dioxide, hydrocarbon refrigerant, ammonia, water, HFC, and HFO.

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