Communication method and communication apparatus

Abstract

Provided in the present application are a communication method and a communication apparatus, which can increase the signal transmission power and improve the signal-to-noise ratio, and are applicable to a communication system. The method comprises: a first device acquiring a first signal, which is used for carrying a first sequence, and sending the first signal, wherein the first sequence is determined on the basis of a second sequence, the second sequence is a sounding reference signal, the peak-to-average power ratio of the first signal is less than the peak-to-average power ratio of a second signal, and the second signal is used for carrying the second sequence.

Description

Communication methods and communication devices

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202411426376.9, filed with the State Intellectual Property Office of China on October 11, 2024, entitled "Communication Method and Communication Device", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a communication method and communication device. Background Technology

[0003] Before transmission, the signal is amplified by a power amplifier. Because the power amplifier is non-linear in the high-power range, signal distortion occurs after amplification. To mitigate this distortion, the transmitting end performs power back-off, reducing the transmitted power. This reduces the average power of the transmitted signal. In channel measurement procedures, power back-off of the sounding reference signal (SRS) reduces its transmitted power, resulting in limited coverage and a low signal-to-noise ratio. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a communication method and a communication device that can increase the transmission power of a detection reference signal, thereby increasing the coverage of the detection reference signal and improving the signal-to-noise ratio.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] Firstly, a communication method is provided. This method is applied to a first device, for example, it can be executed by the first device, implemented by a component (e.g., a circuit, processor, chip, or chip system) within the first device, or it can be a logic module or software capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the first device. The following description uses a first device as an example; the first device can be a component of the aforementioned first device, or it can be the first device itself. The communication method includes: the first device acquiring a first signal; the first signal being used to carry a first sequence, the first sequence being determined based on a second sequence, the second sequence being a detection reference signal sequence; the peak-to-average power ratio of the first signal being less than the peak-to-average power ratio of the second signal, the second signal being used to carry the second sequence; and the first device transmitting the first signal.

[0007] Based on the communication method provided in the first aspect, the first device can acquire and transmit a first signal for carrying a first sequence. Since the first sequence is determined based on a second sequence, the peak-to-average power ratio of the first sequence is less than the peak-to-average power ratio of the second signal for carrying the second sequence. Thus, the peak-to-average power ratio of the transmitted signal can be reduced, thereby improving the signal coverage and the signal-to-noise ratio of the signal.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the first sequence is determined based on the second sequence, including: the first sequence is determined based on the second sequence and the third sequence.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the length of the third sequence is less than or equal to the length of the second sequence. When the length of the third sequence is equal to the length of the second sequence, the accuracy of channel estimation can be further improved; when the length of the third sequence is less than the length of the second sequence, the overhead can be reduced.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the first sequence satisfies the following relationship: Where i = 0, 1, ..., M ZC M ZC The length of the first sequence. Let r be the i-th element in the first sequence. i x is the i-th element in the second sequence. i It is the i-th element in the third sequence.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the first sequence satisfies the following relationship: Where i = 0, 1, ..., M ZC M ZC The length of the first sequence. Let r be the i-th element in the first sequence. i z is the i-th element in the second sequence. i Let be the phase of the i-th element in the third sequence. This avoids affecting the amplitude of the second sequence, ensuring constant mode characteristics, reducing the impact on channel estimation results, and thus improving the accuracy of channel estimation.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the third sequence is one of several candidate sequences. This allows the third sequence to be matched according to different scenarios; for example, different candidate sequences have different effects on reducing the peak-to-average power ratio, thus meeting different detection performance requirements.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the method provided by the first aspect further includes: a first device receiving first information; the first information being used to indicate multiple candidate sequences. Thus, obtaining multiple candidate sequences from other devices, such as a second device, can reduce the processing complexity of the first device.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the method provided by the first aspect may further include: a first device receiving second information; the second information includes a first sequence, or the second information includes the root sequence of the first sequence. In this way, the first device can directly obtain the first sequence or deduce the first sequence from the root sequence, reducing the processing complexity of the first device.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the method provided by the first aspect may further include: the first device determining the first sequence based on the second sequence and the third sequence. Thus, by having the first device determine the third sequence itself, interaction with the third sequence can be avoided, improving flexibility and reducing the overhead of indicating the third sequence.

[0016] In one possible implementation, before the first device acquires the first signal, the method provided by the first aspect may further include: the first device acquiring a second sequence; the first device acquiring a third sequence.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the first device acquires the second sequence by: the first device receiving third information; wherein the third information is used to indicate the third sequence. In this way, the first device can directly acquire the third sequence, reducing the processing complexity of the first device.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the third information includes the amplitude and / or phase corresponding to each element in the third sequence.

[0019] In one possible implementation, the third information includes the real part and / or imaginary part corresponding to each element in the third sequence.

[0020] In one possible implementation, the third information includes a third sequence or the root sequence of the third sequence. This allows the first device to directly obtain the third sequence, reducing its processing complexity.

[0021] In one possible implementation, the third information is also used to indicate the position of each element in the third sequence. Thus, when there are many zero elements in the sequence, indicating the positions of some non-zero elements can replace indicating the entire sequence, thereby reducing the indication overhead.

[0022] In one possible implementation, the method provided by the first aspect may further include: a first device receiving fourth information; the fourth information being used to determine a third sequence. Thus, the first device can generate the sequence, avoiding the second device directly indicating the third sequence. For example, the first device can match the third sequence according to a specific scenario, which can further improve the accuracy of channel estimation.

[0023] In one possible implementation, the fourth information is used to instruct the first model, which generates sequences for reducing the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR). Thus, the model can be used to generate multiple corresponding PAPR-reducing sequences based on various SRS sequences. The model only needs to be deployed once (excluding subsequent model updates), avoiding frequent deployments of PAPR-reducing sequences and saving overhead.

[0024] In one possible implementation, the fourth information is used to indicate at least one of the following: the amplitude threshold corresponding to each element in the third sequence, the phase threshold corresponding to each element in the third sequence, or the constant modulus requirement of the third sequence. This avoids directly indicating the third sequence and allows for greater flexibility.

[0025] In one possible implementation, the method provided by the first aspect may further include: the first device sending information indicating a third sequence. This enables the second device to obtain the third sequence, and then obtain the first sequence based on the second and third sequences, thereby improving the accuracy of channel estimation by performing channel estimation based on the first sequence and the received reference signal.

[0026] In one possible implementation, the amplitude of each element in the third sequence is less than or equal to the amplitude threshold corresponding to that element, and / or the phase offset of each element is less than or equal to the phase threshold corresponding to that element. This avoids excessive amplitude and phase offsets in the scrambled third sequence, thus balancing peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) with sequence detection and channel estimation performance.

[0027] In one possible implementation, the method provided by the first aspect further includes: a first device receiving fifth information, which indicates a first number of non-zero elements in the third sequence and the positions of the first number of non-zero elements. This allows the second device to recover a more accurate SRS sequence for channel estimation, reducing overhead.

[0028] In one possible implementation, the first quantity is less than or equal to a first quantity threshold; or, the number of bits occupied by the fifth information is less than or equal to a second quantity threshold. This avoids excessive overhead.

[0029] Secondly, a communication method is provided. This method is applied to a second device, for example, it can be executed by the second device, implemented by a component (e.g., a circuit, processor, chip, or chip system) within the second device, or it can be a logic module or software capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the second device. The following description uses a second device as an example; the second device can be a component of the aforementioned second device, or it can be the second device itself. The communication method includes: the second device sending sixth information; the sixth information being used to acquire a first sequence; the first sequence being determined based on a second sequence, the second sequence being a probe reference signal sequence; the second device receiving a first signal; the first signal being used to carry the first sequence, the peak-to-average power ratio of the first signal being less than the peak-to-average power ratio of the second signal, and the second signal being used to carry the second sequence.

[0030] Based on the method provided in the second aspect, the second device can send sixth information for acquiring the second sequence to the first device and receive a first signal for carrying the first sequence. Since the first sequence is determined based on the second and third sequences, the peak-to-average power ratio of the first signal is less than the peak-to-average power ratio of the second signal for carrying the second sequence. In this way, the peak-to-average power ratio of the transmitted signal can be reduced, thereby improving the signal coverage and the signal-to-noise ratio of the signal.

[0031] In one possible implementation, the first sequence is determined based on the second sequence, including: the first sequence is determined based on the second sequence and the third sequence.

[0032] In one possible implementation, the length of the third sequence is less than or equal to the length of the second sequence.

[0033] In one possible implementation, the first sequence satisfies the following relationship: Where i = 0, 1, ..., M ZC M ZC The length of the first sequence. Let r be the i-th element in the first sequence. i x is the i-th element in the second sequence. i It is the i-th element in the third sequence.

[0034] In one possible implementation, the first sequence satisfies the following relationship: Where i = 0, 1, ..., M ZC M ZC The length of the first sequence. Let rx be the i-th element in the first sequence, and z be the i-th element in the second sequence. i It represents the phase of the i-th element in the third sequence.

[0035] In one possible implementation, the third sequence is one of several candidate sequences.

[0036] In one possible implementation, the method provided by the second aspect further includes: the second device sending first information; the first information is used to indicate multiple candidate sequences.

[0037] In one possible implementation, the sixth information includes the first sequence, or the sixth information includes the root sequence of the first sequence.

[0038] In one possible implementation, the sixth piece of information is used to indicate the third sequence.

[0039] In one possible implementation, the sixth information includes the amplitude and / or phase corresponding to each element in the third sequence.

[0040] In one possible implementation, the sixth information includes the third sequence or the root sequence of the third sequence.

[0041] In one possible implementation, the sixth piece of information is also used to indicate the position of each element in the third sequence.

[0042] In one possible implementation, the sixth piece of information is used to determine the third sequence.

[0043] In one possible implementation, the sixth piece of information is used to instruct the first model, which is used to generate a sequence that reduces the peak-to-average power ratio.

[0044] In one possible implementation, the sixth information is also used to indicate at least one of the following: the amplitude threshold corresponding to each element in the third sequence, the phase threshold corresponding to each element in the third sequence, or the constant modulus requirement of the third sequence.

[0045] In one possible implementation, the method provided by the second aspect may further include: the second device receiving information for indicating the third sequence.

[0046] In one possible implementation, the amplitude of each element in the third sequence is less than or equal to the amplitude threshold corresponding to each element, and / or the phase offset of each element is less than or equal to the phase threshold corresponding to each element.

[0047] In one possible implementation, the method provided by the second aspect further includes: the second device sending fifth information, the fifth information being used to indicate a first number of non-zero elements in the third sequence and the positions of the first number of non-zero elements.

[0048] In one possible implementation, the first quantity is less than or equal to a first quantity threshold; or, the number of bits occupied by the fifth information is less than or equal to a second quantity threshold.

[0049] Furthermore, the technical effects of the communication method described in the second aspect can be referred to the technical effects of the communication method described in the first aspect, and will not be repeated here.

[0050] Thirdly, a communication device is provided. This communication device is used to execute the communication method described in any one of the implementations of the first to second aspects.

[0051] In this application, the communication device described in the third aspect can be a terminal device or an access network device, or a chip (system) or other component or assembly, or a device containing a terminal device or access network device. The aforementioned chip (system) or other component or assembly can all be disposed within the terminal device or access network device.

[0052] It should be understood that the communication apparatus described in the third aspect includes modules, units, or means that implement the communication methods described in any of the first to second aspects. These modules, units, or means can be implemented in hardware, software, or by hardware executing corresponding software. The hardware or software includes one or more modules or units for performing the functions involved in the aforementioned communication methods.

[0053] Fourthly, a communication device is provided. The communication device includes a processor configured to execute the communication method described in any of the possible implementations of the first to second aspects.

[0054] In one possible implementation, the communication device described in the fourth aspect may further include a transceiver. The transceiver may be a transceiver circuit or an interface circuit. The transceiver can be used for communication between the communication device described in the fourth aspect and other communication devices.

[0055] In one possible implementation, the communication device described in the fourth aspect may further include a memory. This memory may be integrated with the processor or disposed separately. The memory may be used to store computer programs and / or data related to the communication method described in any of the first to second aspects.

[0056] Alternatively, the memory can also be located outside the communication device.

[0057] In this application, the communication device described in the fourth aspect can be a terminal device or an access network device, or a chip (system) or other component or assembly, or a device containing a terminal device or access network device. The aforementioned chip (system) or other component or assembly can all be disposed within the terminal device or access network device.

[0058] Fifthly, a communication device is provided, comprising: a processor and a memory; the memory is used to store a computer program, which, when executed by the processor, causes the communication device to perform the communication method described in any one of the first to second aspects.

[0059] In one possible implementation, the communication device described in the fifth aspect may further include a transceiver. The transceiver may be a transceiver circuit or an interface circuit. The transceiver can be used for communication between the communication device described in the fifth aspect and other communication devices.

[0060] In this application, the communication device described in the fifth aspect can be a terminal device or an access network device, or a chip (system) or other component or assembly, or a device containing a terminal device or access network device. The aforementioned chip (system) or other component or assembly can all be disposed within the terminal device or access network device.

[0061] A sixth aspect provides a communication device comprising: a processor; the processor being coupled to a memory and, after reading a computer program from the memory, executing a communication method as described in any one of the first to second aspects according to the computer program.

[0062] In one possible implementation, the communication device described in the sixth aspect may further include a transceiver. The transceiver may be a transceiver circuit or an interface circuit. The transceiver can be used for communication between the communication device described in the sixth aspect and other communication devices.

[0063] In this application, the communication device described in the sixth aspect can be a terminal device or an access network device, or a chip (system) or other component or assembly, or a device containing a terminal device or access network device. The aforementioned chip (system) or other component or assembly can all be disposed within the terminal device or access network device.

[0064] In one possible implementation, the communication device is a chip or a chip system. Optionally, in some possible designs, when the device is a chip system, it can be composed of chips or may include chips and other discrete components.

[0065] It is understandable that when the communication device provided in any of the fifth to sixth aspects is a chip, the sending action / function of the communication device can be understood as outputting information, and the receiving action / function of the communication device can be understood as inputting information.

[0066] A seventh aspect provides a communication system. The communication system includes a first device (or means included in the first device, such as a chip or chip system) according to the first aspect and a second device (or means included in the second device, such as a chip or chip system) according to the second aspect. Alternatively, the communication system includes a first device (or means included in the first device, such as a chip or chip system) according to the third aspect and a second device (or means included in the second device, such as a chip or chip system) according to the fourth aspect.

[0067] Eighthly, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, comprising: a computer program or instructions; when the computer program or instructions are executed on a computer, causing the computer to perform the communication method described in any possible implementation of the first to second aspects.

[0068] Ninth aspect, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program or instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the communication method described in any possible implementation of the first to second aspects.

[0069] Furthermore, the technical effects of the third to ninth aspects mentioned above can be referred to the technical effects of the communication methods described in the first to second aspects, and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0070] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of the communication system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0071] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the core network equipment, access network equipment and terminal equipment provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0072] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the functional division of RAN network elements and protocol layer structure in the open radio access network (O-RAN or ORAN) system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0073] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the architecture for communication between access network equipment and terminal equipment provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0074] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of AI nodes provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0075] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the neural network structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0076] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the channel estimation process;

[0077] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of linear distortion of the signal;

[0078] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the peak-to-average power ratio of SRS sequences of different lengths;

[0079] Figure 10 is a flowchart illustrating the communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0080] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the frequency domain positions between the second sequence and the third sequence provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0081] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the power of the sequences provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0082] Figure 13 is a schematic flowchart of the communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0083] Figure 14 is a schematic flowchart of the communication method provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0084] Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of the communication device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0085] Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the communication device provided in the embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0086] The technical solutions in this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0087] The technical solutions of this application embodiment can be applied to various communication systems, such as wireless fidelity (WiFi) systems, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication systems, device-to-device (D2D) communication systems, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication systems, 4th generation (4G) mobile communication systems, such as long term evolution (LTE) systems, worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) communication systems, 5th generation (5G) mobile communication systems, such as new radio (NR) systems, and future communication systems, etc.

[0088] This application will present various aspects, embodiments, or features relating to systems that may include multiple devices, components, modules, etc. It should be understood and appreciated that individual systems may include additional devices, components, modules, etc., and / or may not include all the devices, components, modules, etc. discussed in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Furthermore, combinations of these approaches are also possible.

[0089] In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, " / " indicates that the objects before and after are in an "or" relationship. For example, A / B can mean A or B. "And / or" in this application is merely a description of the relationship between the related objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. A and B can be singular or plural.

[0090] In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of a single item or a plurality of items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can mean: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0091] Furthermore, to facilitate a clear description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used in the embodiments of this application to distinguish identical or similar items with substantially the same function and effect. Those skilled in the art will understand that the terms "first" and "second" do not limit the quantity or execution order, and the terms "first" and "second" are not necessarily different.

[0092] It is understood that in the embodiments of this application, words such as "exemplarily" and "for example" are used to indicate that they are examples, illustrations, or descriptions. Any embodiment or implementation described as "exemplary" in this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or implementations. Specifically, the use of the word "exemplary" is intended to present the concept in a concrete manner.

[0093] It is understandable that the terms "information," "signal," "message," "channel," and "signaling" can sometimes be used interchangeably. It should be noted that when the distinction is not emphasized, their intended meanings are consistent. Similarly, "of," "corresponding (relevant)," and "corresponding" can sometimes be used interchangeably. Again, it should be noted that when the distinction is not emphasized, their intended meanings are consistent.

[0094] It is understood that the term "embodiment" used throughout the specification means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic related to an embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of this application. Therefore, various embodiments throughout the specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, these specific features, structures, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. It is understood that in the various embodiments of this application, the sequence number of each process does not imply the order of execution; the execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0095] It is understood that the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not explicitly listed or that are inherent to such process, method, product, or apparatus.

[0096] It is understood that in this application, "...when" and "if" both refer to the corresponding processing that will be carried out under certain objective circumstances, and are not limited to a specific time, nor do they require a judgment action to be performed during implementation, nor do they imply any other limitations.

[0097] It is understood that some optional features in the embodiments of this application can be implemented independently in certain scenarios without relying on other features, such as the current solution on which they are based, to solve the corresponding technical problems and achieve the corresponding effects. Alternatively, they can be combined with other features as needed in certain scenarios. Correspondingly, the apparatus given in the embodiments of this application can also implement these features or functions, which will not be elaborated here.

[0098] It is understood that in this application, "instruction" can include direct and indirect instructions, as well as explicit and implicit instructions. When describing "a certain instruction information instructs A" or "instruction information of A," it can include whether the instruction information directly or indirectly instructs A, but does not necessarily mean that the instruction information carries A. The information indicated by a certain piece of information is called the information to be instructed. In the specific implementation process, there are many ways to instruct the information to be instructed, such as, but not limited to, directly instructing the information to be instructed, such as the information to be instructed itself or its index. It can also indirectly instruct the information to be instructed by instructing other information, where there is a relationship between the other information and the information to be instructed. It can also instruct only a part of the information to be instructed, while the other parts are known or pre-agreed upon. For example, the instruction of specific information can be achieved by using a pre-agreed (e.g., protocol-defined) arrangement of various information, thereby reducing instruction overhead to some extent. At the same time, the common parts of various information can be identified and uniformly indicated to reduce the instruction overhead caused by individually indicating the same information. Furthermore, the specific instruction method can also be any existing instruction method, such as, but not limited to, the above-mentioned instruction methods and their various combinations. As described above, for example, when multiple pieces of information of the same type need to be indicated, the indication methods for different pieces of information may differ. In specific implementation, the required indication method can be selected according to specific needs. This application embodiment does not limit the selected indication method; therefore, the indication methods involved in this application embodiment should be understood to cover various methods that enable the party to be indicated to obtain the information to be indicated. The information to be indicated can be sent as a whole or divided into multiple sub-information pieces and sent separately. Furthermore, the sending period or timing of these sub-information pieces can be the same or different. This application does not limit the specific sending method. The sending period or timing of these sub-information pieces can be predefined, for example, predefined according to a protocol, or configured by the transmitting device by sending configuration information to the receiving device.

[0099] In this application, "send" and "receive" indicate the direction of signal transmission. For example, "send information to XX" can be understood as the destination of the information being XX, which can include direct transmission via the air interface or indirect transmission via the air interface from other units or modules. "Receive information from YY" can be understood as the source of the information being YY, which can include direct reception from YY via the air interface or indirect reception from YY via the air interface from other units or modules. "Send" can also be understood as the "output" of a chip interface, and "receive" can also be understood as the "input" of a chip interface. In other words, sending and receiving can occur between devices, such as between network devices and terminal devices, or within a device, such as between components, modules, chips, software modules, or hardware modules within the device via buses, traces, or interfaces.

[0100] In this application, unless otherwise specified, the same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other. Unless otherwise specified or logically conflicting, the terminology and / or descriptions between different embodiments are consistent and can be mutually referenced. Different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments based on their inherent logical relationships. The following descriptions of the embodiments of this application do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this application.

[0101] The network architecture and business scenarios described in the embodiments of this application are for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application. As those skilled in the art will know, with the evolution of network architecture and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0102] To facilitate understanding of the embodiments of this application, the communication system applicable to the embodiments of this application will be described in detail first using the communication system shown in FIG1 as an example. Exemplarily, FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system to which the method provided in the embodiments of this application applies. As shown in FIG1, the communication system includes access network equipment and terminal equipment.

[0103] As shown in Figure 1, the communication system includes at least one access network device (such as access network device 110a and access network device 110b) and at least one terminal device (such as terminal devices 120a to 120j).

[0104] Terminal devices can connect to access network devices wirelessly, and access network devices can connect to the core network (not shown in Figure 1) via wired or wireless means.

[0105] Among them, access network equipment and terminal equipment can exchange information.

[0106] Terminal equipment can be a terminal with transceiver capabilities. This terminal equipment can also be referred to as user equipment (UE), access terminal, subscriber unit, user station, mobile station (MS), mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, terminal, wireless communication equipment, user agent, or user apparatus. The terminal devices in the embodiments of this application may be mobile phones, cellular phones, smartphones, tablets, wireless data cards, personal digital assistants (PDAs), wireless modems, handsets, laptop computers, machine-type communication (MTC) terminals, computers with wireless transceiver capabilities, virtual reality (VR) terminals, augmented reality (AR) terminals, smart home devices (e.g., refrigerators, televisions, air conditioners, electricity meters, etc.), intelligent robots, robotic arms, workshop equipment, wireless terminals in autonomous driving, wireless terminals in industrial control, wireless terminals in self-driving, wireless terminals in telemedicine, wireless terminals in smart grids, wireless terminals in transportation safety, wireless terminals in smart cities, wireless terminals in smart homes, vehicle-mounted terminals, and roadside units with terminal functions. The terminal device in this application can also be an onboard module, onboard unit, onboard component, onboard chip, or onboard unit, which is built into a vehicle as one or more components or units. The terminal device can also be other devices with terminal functions; for example, it can be a device that performs terminal functions in D2D communication. The embodiments of this application do not limit the device form of the terminal device. The device used to implement the function of the terminal device can be the terminal device itself; it can also be a device that supports the terminal device in implementing the function, such as a communication module, chip, chip system, other components or parts, or circuits or functional components. This device can be installed in the terminal device or used in conjunction with the terminal device. The chip system can be composed of chips or include chips and other discrete devices.Among them, the various forms of terminal devices mentioned above can also be referred to as terminal-side devices.

[0107] In this embodiment, the access network device can be a device with wireless transceiver capabilities. For example, the access network device can be a device located in the access network (AN) of a communication system, which can be used to provide access services for terminals. In one possible scenario, the access network device can be a radio access network (RAN) device, such as a base station, an evolved NodeB (eNodeB), an access point (AP), a transmission and reception point (TRP), or a base station in a future communication system. In future mobile communication systems, the access network device may also have other naming conventions, all of which are covered within the protection scope of this embodiment, and this application does not impose any limitations on them. Alternatively, the access network device may also include 5G, such as a gNB in ​​a new radio (NR) system, or a satellite, or a drone, or one or a group of antenna panels (including multiple antenna panels) of a 5G base station, or it may be a network node constituting a gNB, a transmission and reception point (TRP or transmission point (TP), or a transmission measurement function (TMF). Alternatively, the access network device can be a macro base station (as shown in Figure 1, 110a), a micro base station or indoor station (as shown in Figure 1, 110b), a relay node or donor node, or a wireless controller in a cloud radio access network (CRAN) scenario. Optionally, the access network device can also be a server, wearable device, vehicle, or in-vehicle equipment. For example, the access network device in V2X technology can be a roadside unit (RSU). The network device can also be a terminal performing network device functions in a D2D communication system or a machine-to-machine (M2M) communication system. All or part of the functions of the access network device in this application can also be implemented through software functions running on hardware, or through virtualization functions instantiated on a platform (e.g., a cloud platform). The access network device in this application can also be a logical node, logical module, or software capable of implementing all or part of the access network device functions.

[0108] In another possible scenario, multiple access network devices collaborate to assist terminal devices in achieving wireless access, with each access network device performing a portion of the base station's functions. For example, the access network devices can be a central unit (CU), a distributed unit (DU), a CU-control plane (CP), a CU-user plane (UP), or a radio unit (RU), etc. The CU and DU can be configured separately or included in the same network element, such as a baseband unit (BBU). The RU can be included in radio frequency equipment or radio frequency units, such as a remote radio unit (RRU), an active antenna unit (AAU), or a remote radio head (RRH).

[0109] In different systems, CU (or centralized unit control plane (CU-CP)) and centralized unit user plane (CU-UP)), DU, or RU may have different names, but those skilled in the art will understand their meaning. For example, in an open radio access network (O-RAN or ORAN) system, CU can also be called an open centralized unit (O-CU) (open CU), DU can also be called an open distributed unit (O-DU), CU-CP can also be called an open centralized unit control plane (O-CU-CP), CU-UP can also be called an open centralized unit user plane (O-CU-UP), and RU can also be called an open radio unit (O-RU). For ease of description, this application uses CU, CU-CP, CU-UP, DU, and RU as examples. Any of the CU (or CU-CP, CU-UP), DU and RU units in this application can be implemented through a software module, a hardware module, or a combination of software and hardware modules.

[0110] It should be understood that Figure 1 is a simplified schematic diagram for ease of understanding only, and the communication system may also include other access network devices and / or other terminal devices, which are not shown in Figure 1.

[0111] In this embodiment, the form of the access network device is not limited. The device used to implement the function of the access network device can be the access network device itself; it can also be any device that supports the access network device in implementing this function, such as a communication module, chip, chip system, other components or parts, or circuits or functional components. This device can be installed in the access network device or used in conjunction with the access network device. The chip system can be composed of chips or can include chips and other discrete devices. The access network devices of the various forms described above can also be referred to as network-side devices.

[0112] The following example illustrates the connection relationships between core network equipment, access network equipment, and terminal equipment in an O-RAN system.

[0113] As shown in Figure 2, the Access Network Equipment (RAN) can be, for example, an eNB, a gNB, or an access network device in a future communication system. The RAN communicates with the core network (CN) via a backhaul link and with terminal devices via an air interface. The RAN may include a Base Unit (BBU) and a Root Unit (RU). The BBU communicates with the core network equipment via the backhaul link, and the RU communicates with at least one terminal device via an air interface. The BBU communicates with at least one RU via a fronthaul link. The BBU and RU may or may not be co-located.

[0114] A BBU consists of at least one CU and at least one DU, which can communicate with each other via at least one midhaul link. Specifically, the CU in the BBU communicates with the core network via a backhaul link, and the DU in the BBU communicates with the RU via a fronthaul link.

[0115] Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of the functional division of RAN network elements and the protocol layer structure in the O-RAN system.

[0116] In some examples, the CU is a logical node carrying the Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer, Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) layer, Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer, and other control functions of the access network equipment. The CU connects to network nodes such as the core network through interfaces, which can be interfaces like the E2 interface. Optionally, the CU may have some core network functions. The CU (e.g., the PDCP layer and higher layers) connects to the DU (e.g., Radio Link Control (RLC) and lower layers) through interfaces, which can be interfaces like the F1 interface. In some examples, these interfaces (e.g., the F1 interface) can provide CP and UP, interface management, system information management, UE context management, RRC message transmission, etc. F1AP is the application protocol of the F1 interface, defining the signaling procedures of F1 in some examples. The F1 interface supports control plane F1-C and user plane F1-U.

[0117] In some examples, the CU can be split into CU-CP (control unit-control plane) and CU-UP (control unit-user plane). CU-CP is a logical node carrying the RRC layer and the control plane part of PDCP (PDCP-C), used to implement the CU's control plane functions. CU-CP can interact with network elements in the core network used to implement control plane functions. These network elements in the core network can be access and mobility function (AMF) network elements, such as the access and mobility management function (AMF) in a 5G system. AMF network elements are responsible for mobility management in the mobile network, such as terminal device location updates, terminal device registration with the network, and terminal device handover. CU-UP is a logical node carrying the SDAP layer and the user plane part of PDCP (PDCP-U), used to implement the CU's user plane functions. CU-UP can interact with network elements in the core network used to implement user plane functions. In the core network, network elements used to implement user plane functions, such as the user plane function (UPF) in a 5G system, are responsible for forwarding and receiving data in terminal devices. The above configuration of CU and DU is merely an example; the functions of CU and DU can be configured as needed. For example, CU or DU can be configured to have more protocol layer functions, or to have only some protocol layer processing functions. For instance, some RLC layer functions and protocol layer functions above the RLC layer can be placed in the CU, while the remaining RLC layer functions and protocol layer functions below the RLC layer can be placed in the DU. Furthermore, the functions of CU or DU can be divided according to service type or other system requirements, such as by latency, placing functions that need to meet low latency requirements in the DU and functions that do not need to meet such latency requirements in the CU.

[0118] In some examples, a DU is a logical node that carries the RLC layer, medium access control (MAC) layer, higher physical layer (Higher PHY) layer, and other functions. In some examples, a DU can control at least one RU. The DU connects to the RU through interfaces, which can be fronthaul interfaces. In some examples, the higher physical layer includes the PHY layer processing, such as forward error correction (FEC) encoding and decoding, scrambling, modulation, and demodulation.

[0119] In some examples, the RU is a logical node carrying both the lower physical layer (PHY) and radio frequency (RF) links. In some examples, the RU can be a 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Transmitter-Receiver Point (TRP) or Remote Radio Head (RRH) with similar functionality. In some examples, the Low-PHY includes PHY processing functions such as Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT), digital beamforming, and filtering. The RU communicates with one or more UEs via a radio link.

[0120] The DU and RU can be co-located or not. The DU and RU exchange control plane and user plane information via a lower layer split-control user synchronized plane (LLS-CUS) interface through a fronthaul link. The LLS-CUS may include a lower layer split (LLS-C) interface and a lower layer split (LLS-U) interface providing the control plane (C-Plane) and user plane (U-Plane), respectively. In some examples, the control plane (C-Plane) (e.g., O-RAN CUS-Plane) refers to real-time control between the DU and RU. The DU and RU exchange management information via an LLS-M interface on the fronthaul link; the management plane (M-Plane) (e.g., O-RAN M-Plane) refers to non-real-time management operations between the DU and RU.

[0121] DU and RU can cooperate to implement the functions of the PHY layer. A DU can be connected to one or more RUs. The functions of DU and RU can be configured in various ways depending on the design. For example, a DU can be configured to implement baseband functions, and an RU can be configured to implement mid-RF functions. Another example is that a DU can be configured to implement higher-level functions in the PHY layer, and an RU can be configured to implement lower-level functions in the PHY layer, or to implement both lower-level and RF functions. Higher-level functions in the physical layer can include a portion of the physical layer's functions that are closer to the MAC layer, while lower-level functions in the physical layer can include another portion of the physical layer's functions that are closer to the mid-RF side.

[0122] The management system is used to implement functions such as mobility management, data processing, session management, policy and billing. The device names implementing the management system may differ in systems using different access technologies, and this application does not limit this. Taking a fifth-generation (5G) mobile communication system as an example, the management system may include an AMF (Active Mobile Function), a session management function (SMF), a policy control function (PCF), or a UPF (Upload and Utility Function), etc.

[0123] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the architecture for communication between access network equipment and terminal equipment. As shown in Figure 4, the terminal equipment includes a processor 401, a memory 402, and a transceiver 403. The transceiver 403 includes a transmitter 403a, a receiver 403b, and an antenna 403c. The access network equipment includes a processor 411, a memory 412, and a transceiver 413. The transceiver 413 includes a transmitter 413a, a receiver 413b, and an antenna 413c. The receiver 403b can be used to receive transmission control information through the antenna 403c, and the transmitter 403a can be used to send transmission feedback information to the access network equipment through the antenna 403c. The transmitter 413a can be used to send transmission control information to the terminal equipment through the antenna 413c, and the receiver 413b can be used to receive transmission feedback information sent by the terminal equipment through the antenna 413c.

[0124] To support AI technologies in wireless networks, such as training or inferring models (i.e. using AI models), AI nodes may also be introduced into the communication system.

[0125] Optionally, the AI ​​node can be deployed in one or more of the following locations within the communication system: access network equipment, terminal equipment, or core network equipment, etc. Alternatively, the AI ​​node can be deployed independently, for example, in a location other than any of the aforementioned devices, such as in the host or cloud server of an over-the-top (OTT) system. The AI ​​node can communicate with other devices in the communication system, which can be, for example, one or more of the following: access network equipment, terminal equipment, or core network elements, etc.

[0126] It is understood that this application does not limit the number of AI nodes. For example, when there are multiple AI nodes, these nodes can be divided based on function, such as different AI nodes being responsible for different functions.

[0127] It can also be understood that AI nodes can be independent devices, integrated into the same device to implement different functions, or they can be network elements in hardware devices, software functions running on dedicated hardware, or virtualization functions instantiated on a platform (e.g., a cloud platform). This application does not limit the specific form of the AI ​​nodes described above. Among them, AI nodes can be AI network elements or AI modules.

[0128] Figure 5 illustrates a possible application framework in a communication system. As shown in Figure 5, network elements in the communication system are connected via interfaces (e.g., NG, Xn) or over-the-air interfaces. These network element nodes, such as core network equipment, access network nodes (RAN nodes), terminal equipment, or one or more devices in OAM, are equipped with one or more AI modules (only one is shown in Figure 5 for clarity). An access network node can be a single RAN device or can include multiple devices, such as CUs and DUs. The CUs and / or DUs can also be equipped with one or more AI modules. Optionally, a CU can be further divided into CU-CP and CU-UP. One or more AI models are configured in the CU-CP and / or CU-UP.

[0129] AI modules are used to implement corresponding AI functions. AI modules deployed in different network elements can be the same or different. Depending on the parameter configuration, the AI ​​module can implement different functions. The AI ​​module model can be configured based on one or more of the following parameters: structural parameters (e.g., at least one of the following: number of neural network layers, neural network width, inter-layer connections, neuron weights, neuron activation function, or biases in the activation function), input parameters (e.g., the type and / or dimension of the input parameters), or output parameters (e.g., the type and / or dimension of the output parameters). The biases in the activation function can also be referred to as the neural network biases.

[0130] An AI module can have one or more models. A model can infer an output, which includes one or more parameters. The learning, training, or inference processes of different models can be deployed on different nodes or devices, or they can be deployed on the same node or device.

[0131] For ease of understanding, the technical terms and technologies involved in the embodiments of this application are described below.

[0132] 1. Peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR):

[0133] PAPR is a waveform measurement parameter that refers to the ratio of peak power to average power of a time-domain signal. Since an orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol is composed of multiple independently modulated subcarrier signals superimposed, when the phases of each subcarrier are the same or similar, the superimposed signal will be modulated by a signal with the same initial phase, thereby generating a large instantaneous power peak and further resulting in a high peak-to-average power ratio.

[0134] 2. Error vector magnitude (EVM):

[0135] EVM is the root mean square value of the ratio of the average error vector signal power to the average reference signal power. It can be used to represent the difference between the theoretical waveform and the received actual waveform. EVM can be used to measure the degree of in-band signal distortion. In particular, excessively high peak signal power will cause EVM degradation in the power amplifier (PA), that is, the signal will undergo nonlinear distortion after passing through the PA, resulting in an increased EVM.

[0136] 3. Adjacent Channel Leakage Ratio (ACLR):

[0137] ACLR is the ratio of the average power of a filtered channel to the average power of adjacent channels. ACLR can be used to measure the level of interference caused by a transmitted signal to adjacent channels, that is, the spectral spread interference generated after the signal passes through a power amplifier.

[0138] 4. Neural networks and artificial intelligence (AI) models:

[0139] Neural networks are one of the ways to implement artificial intelligence. The AI ​​model involved in this application embodiment also refers to a neural network. A neural network is a mathematical model that uses the behavioral characteristics of animal neural networks as a model to process information and data. As shown in Figure 6, a neural network consists of three computational layers: an input layer, a hidden layer, and an output layer. Each of the three computational layers includes one or more neurons, which are the basic units of the neural network. Each neuron consists of parameters to be trained (weights w and biases b) and a nonlinear activation function f. For example, if a neuron has weights w and biases b, then the relationship between the input parameter x and the output parameter y of the neuron is as follows: y = f(w*x + b). Multiple neurons can be interconnected to form a neural network (also called a neural network model). A neural network can achieve the effect of "learning" by continuously updating the parameters to be trained and performing nonlinear function calculations on the weighted sum of the inputs to fit the final output. Neural networks can include feedforward neural networks (FNN), convolutional neural networks (CNN), or recurrent neural networks (RNN), etc., which will not be listed here. Neural networks can also be deep neural networks (DNNs), which are neural networks with multiple hidden layers.

[0140] AI models can be implemented using one or more of the following methods, or represent the mapping relationship between input and output parameters: neural networks, deep learning, reinforcement learning, machine learning, federated learning, distributed learning, etc. For example, an AI model can be a network learned using a DNN, i.e., a network obtained through deep learning. AI models can also be called AI networks, neural network models, or machine learning models.

[0141] 5. Beamforming (BF), also known as precoding, is a technique used in Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) systems. In MIMO systems, the transmitter can adjust the weighting coefficients of each element in the antenna array to create a directional beam, thus enhancing the energy of the transmitted signal in a specific direction. In beamforming scenarios, the receiver in the beam direction receives greater array gain, improving communication quality. The weighting coefficients of each element in the transmitter's antenna array are related to channel information; the transmitter can calculate these weighting coefficients based on measured channel information to achieve better beamforming gain.

[0142] 6. Reference signal sequence, also known as pilot sequence, is a sequence that can be used to measure channel information. The reference signal sequence can be mapped onto time-frequency resources before transmission; this mapping process is called transmitting the reference signal. The channel information measured by a reference signal sequence is the channel information on the time-frequency resources carrying that reference signal sequence.

[0143] The reference signal sequence can include a sounding reference signal (SRS) sequence, which is mapped onto time-frequency resources to obtain the SRS. The SRS is a reference signal transmitted by the terminal device and can be used to obtain uplink channel information, such as uplink channel quality. The SRS can be configured by network devices, such as base stations. In mobile communication systems, the uplink channel quality measured by the SRS can be used for uplink scheduling, uplink timing advance (TA), and uplink beam management. In time division duplexing (TDD) communication systems, due to the reciprocity between the uplink and downlink channels, the uplink channel information obtained from measuring the SRS can be used as downlink channel information for beamforming or precoding during downlink data transmission.

[0144] Because the Zadoff-Chu (ZC) sequence has zero autocorrelation (meaning the correlation between a ZC sequence and itself after cyclic shifts is zero), and the cross-correlation between different ZC sequences is fixed and low, network devices can detect the corresponding SRS sent by a terminal device in a multi-user environment based on the ZC sequence corresponding to that terminal device. The SRS sequence can be generated from the ZC sequence. The generation principle of the SRS sequence is described below.

[0145] In some scenarios, the SRS sequence is based on the SRS root sequence. The SRS sequence is determined by the cyclic shift α of the SRS sequence. The SRS sequence satisfies the relationship shown in the following formula (1):

[0146] Where α is the cyclic shift; δ is the combing level, δ=log2(K TC ), K TC This indicates the sorting method. In some examples, K... TC =2,4,K TC =2 indicates 2-comb, K TC=4 indicates combing. u is the SRS root sequence group number, u∈{0,1,...,29}; v is the root sequence number within the group, v=0,1; n is the nth element in the SRS sequence, with phase offset e. jαn This is used to generate a cyclic shift α in the time domain, the value of which is calculated from the SRS configuration parameters. Let n be an element in the sequence whose root sequence group number is u and whose base sequence number within the group is v. There are two ways to generate the root sequence, depending on the root sequence length M. ZC Related:

[0147] When the root sequence length M ZC When M < 36, the root sequence is generated from a fixed sequence. ZC In the case of ∈{6,12,18,24}, the root sequence satisfies the relationship shown in formula (2) below:

[0148] Here, φ(n) is determined based on u. The following examples 1 to 4 illustrate this.

[0149] Example 1, in M ZC When φ = 6, the correspondence between φ(n) and u is shown in Table 1 below.

[0150] Table 1

[0151] Example 2, in M ZC When φ = 12, the correspondence between φ(n) and u is shown in Table 2 below.

[0152] Table 2

[0153] Example 3, in M ZC When φ = 18, the correspondence between φ(n) and u is shown in Table 3 below.

[0154] Table 3

[0155] Example 4, in M ZC When φ = 18, the correspondence between φ(n) and u is shown in Table 4 below.

[0156] Table 4

[0157] In the root sequence length M ZC When =30, the root sequence satisfies the relationship shown in formula (3) below:

[0158] When the root sequence length M ZC When the number of elements is ≥36, the root sequence is generated from the ZC sequence. In this case, the root sequence satisfies the relationship shown in formula (4):

[0159] N ZC For less than M ZC The largest prime number.

[0160] As can be seen from the formula above, the generation of the root sequence is determined by both parameters u and v, where the root sequence M of the SRS sequence is... ZC When the value is less than 72, v = 0.

[0161] As can be seen from the above, a specific length M ZC The SRS root sequence is fixed, consisting of 30 or 60 sequences. The terminal can determine the fixed root sequence based on the relevant parameters u and v configured by the base station, and then calculate the final SRS sequence to be sent based on the cyclic shift α configured by the base station.

[0162] 7. Procedure for measuring channel information based on SRS.

[0163] In TDD communication systems, to obtain the transmission array gain through beamforming during downlink data transmission, network devices can use SRS to measure uplink channel information to calculate beamforming coefficients. The process of SRS measuring uplink channel information is shown in Figure 7:

[0164] S700: The network device sends the SRS sequence generation configuration and time-frequency resource mapping configuration to the terminal device.

[0165] Among them, the SRS sequence generation configuration is used to generate SRS sequences, and the time-frequency resource mapping configuration is used to map time-frequency resources.

[0166] S701: The terminal device sends an SRS signal based on the SRS sequence generation configuration and time-frequency resource mapping configuration. Correspondingly, the network device receives the SRS signal.

[0167] S702: The network device performs channel estimation based on the received SRS signal to obtain uplink channel information.

[0168] Network devices will detect SRS sequences. SRS sequences that are identical to those sent by the terminal device will show a strong correlation. Therefore, the terminal device can determine the SRS sequence sent by the terminal device based on the correlation between the two SRS sequences.

[0169] Then, the network device performs channel estimation of the uplink channel of the terminal device based on the received SRS signal from the terminal device. The level of the SINR of the SRS received signal affects the accuracy of the uplink channel information obtained from the channel estimation. SINR can satisfy the relationship shown in the following formula (8):

[0170] S represents the energy of the SRS signal, I represents the magnitude of interference from other user information, and N represents the noise level on the network device. It is evident that increasing the transmission power of the SRS signal can improve the received SINR of the SRS signal, thereby enhancing the accuracy of uplink channel information measurement.

[0171] S703: Network devices send downlink signals based on uplink channel information.

[0172] As an example, network devices can perform beamforming for downlink data transmission based on uplink channel information to obtain the transmission array gain. It is evident that the array gain obtained through beamforming is related to the accuracy of the uplink channel information. Therefore, increasing the SINR of the SRS received signal, i.e., increasing the transmission power of the SRS signal, can increase the array gain obtained through downlink data transmission beamforming, thereby improving the communication quality of downlink data transmission.

[0173] In the SRS transmission process, the SRS sequence is frequency-domain mapped to obtain a frequency-domain signal. This frequency-domain signal is then subjected to an inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) to obtain a time-domain signal. A cyclic prefix (CP) is added to this time-domain signal, and the CP-added time-domain signal is then time-domain mapped to obtain a time-domain symbol. This time-domain symbol is then subjected to a digital-to-analog conversion (DAC) to obtain an analog signal. This analog signal is then processed through power back-off, up-conversion, and PA amplification to achieve signal transmission.

[0174] The power amplification operation described above can amplify the signal power through a power amplifier (PA). As shown in Figure 8, in the lower power range (linear range) of the signal point, the power of the amplified signal is linearly related to the power of the signal before amplification. In the higher power range (nonlinear range) of the signal point, the signal will produce nonlinear distortion after being amplified by the PA. The nonlinear distortion is even greater after the 1 dB gain compression point, with the input power P... 1dB,in The corresponding actual output power P 1dB,out With P 1dB,inThe output power of the signals differs by 1 dB during linear amplification under the same conditions. At the same average transmit power, signals with higher PAPR will have more points falling into the nonlinear region shown in Figure 8. In other words, signals with excessively high PAPR will undergo nonlinear changes after passing through the PA, resulting in in-band signal distortion and out-of-band energy leakage.

[0175] The nonlinear distortion of the aforementioned signals can cause distortion of the in-band signal, thus affecting the EVM; out-of-band energy leakage can interfere with adjacent out-of-band channels, thus affecting the ACLR.

[0176] For SRS, similarly for ACLR, the protocol specifies different ACLR limits for network devices or terminal devices under different frequency bands. For example, under the 6GHz band, the ACLR of the signal sent by the terminal device must be greater than 30dB.

[0177] For SRS signals, the PAPR (PAR of the SRS) is related to the root sequence of the SRS (e.g., the PAPR of SRS obtained by different cyclic shifts of the same root sequence is the same). Figure 9 shows the relationship between the PAPR of SRS root sequences of different lengths and the corresponding q when the SRS is combed into two segments. The PAPR of the SRS root sequence can be as high as 6 dB. For SRS, due to the ACLR (Advanced Channel Limitation) of transmission, even with a high PAPR, the terminal device will still use significant power back-off. Therefore, the average power of the uplink transmitted SRS is relatively low, resulting in limited coverage of the reference signal and a low signal-to-noise ratio.

[0178] To address the aforementioned problems, this application provides a communication method in which a first signal carrying a first sequence is transmitted. The first sequence is determined based on a second sequence. The peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of the first signal is less than that of the second signal carrying the second sequence. In this way, the PAPR of the reference signal can be reduced, thereby improving the coverage of the reference signal and the signal-to-noise ratio.

[0179] The communication method provided in this application can be applied to any two nodes in the communication system shown in Figure 1, such as between terminal devices or between a terminal device and an access network device. For specific implementation, please refer to the following method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0180] It should be noted that the solutions in the embodiments of this application can also be applied to other communication systems, and the corresponding names can be replaced by the names of the corresponding functions in other communication systems.

[0181] The method provided in the embodiments of this application will be described below in conjunction with a first device and a second device, wherein the first device may be a terminal device and the second device may be a terminal device or an access network device.

[0182] The communication method provided in the embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to Figures 10-14.

[0183] For example, FIG10 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. This communication method can be applied to communication between a first device and a second device. The first device can be the terminal device shown in FIG1, and the second device can be the network device shown in FIG1.

[0184] The communication method includes:

[0185] S1001, the first device acquires the first signal.

[0186] The first signal is used to carry the first sequence, or in other words, the first signal is the signal that carries the first sequence. The first sequence is determined based on the second sequence, and the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of the first signal is less than the PAPR of the second signal. The second signal is used to carry the second sequence, or in other words, the second signal is the signal that carries the second sequence. It is understood that the first sequence can be the first signal itself or the first signal can include the first sequence and other information; similarly, the second sequence can be the second signal itself or the second signal can include the first sequence and other information.

[0187] In one possible implementation, the second sequence is an SRS sequence.

[0188] Peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) is a term that can be found in the relevant introductions to PAPR, and will not be repeated here.

[0189] The SRS sequence is determined by the SRS root sequence and the cyclic shift of the SRS sequence. For details on the specific implementation of SRS, please refer to the relevant introduction of the reference signal sequence, which will not be elaborated here.

[0190] The first sequence is determined based on the second sequence, including: the first sequence is determined based on the second sequence and the third sequence.

[0191] The signal carrying the third sequence can be used to reduce the peak-to-average power ratio of the signal carrying the first sequence. The second and third sequences are superimposed to obtain the first sequence. The peak-to-average power ratio of the first signal carrying the first sequence is less than that of the second signal carrying the second sequence.

[0192] In one possible implementation, the third sequence can be a complex sequence, and the elements in the third sequence are complex numerical values. In this case, the amplitude and / or phase of the sequence after the third sequence is superimposed on the second sequence will be affected by the third sequence. In other words, the superposition of the third sequence on the second sequence will cause a change in the amplitude and / or phase of the second sequence.

[0193] In another possible implementation, the elements in the third sequence are phase values. In this case, the phase of the sequence resulting from the superposition of the third and second sequences is affected by the third sequence. In other words, the superposition of the third sequence onto the second sequence causes a change in the phase of the second sequence. This allows the third sequence to introduce a phase perturbation into the first sequence, ensuring the constant mode nature of the first sequence and thus avoiding additional impacts on the channel estimation results, thereby improving communication quality.

[0194] In one possible implementation, the length of the third sequence is equal to the length of the second sequence. Assume the length of the second sequence is M. PS The length of the third sequence is N. PS So, N PS =M PS When the length of the third sequence is equal to the length of the second sequence, the accuracy of channel estimation can be further improved.

[0195] In another possible implementation, the length of the third sequence is less than the length of the second sequence. Assume the length of the second sequence is M. PS The length of the third sequence is N. PS So, N PS <M PS For example, the third sequence may include elements from a sequence of equal length to the second sequence that can be used to reduce the peak-to-average power ratio of the signal carrying the second sequence, such as the top N largest values ​​in a sequence of equal length to the second sequence that can be used to reduce the peak-to-average power ratio of the second sequence. PS There are n elements, at this time, N PS The size can be pre-configured, determined by the first device, or determined by the second device; alternatively, the third sequence may include elements in the first sequence that are greater than or equal to the first threshold. When the length of the third sequence is less than that of the second sequence, overhead can be reduced.

[0196] In one possible implementation, the third sequence is determined based on multiple candidate sequences. These candidate sequences can include two or more candidate sequences. The length of each candidate sequence can be equal to the length of the second sequence. The multiple candidate sequences can be agreed upon by a protocol. Alternatively, the multiple candidate sequences can be generated by a first device. Optionally, if the length of the third sequence is equal to the length of the candidate sequences, the third sequence is one of the multiple candidate sequences; or, the third sequence can be a sequence obtained by superimposing multiple candidate sequences. In this way, the third sequence can be matched according to different scenarios; for example, different candidate sequences have different effects on reducing the peak-to-average power ratio, thereby meeting different detection performance requirements.

[0197] In this embodiment of the application, both the third sequence and the candidate sequence can be referred to as perturbation sequence (PS).

[0198] Alternatively, the third sequence may be the top N largest values ​​among a candidate sequence from a pool of candidate sequences. PS The third sequence can be any of the following: elements; or, the third sequence includes elements in the first sequence that are greater than or equal to the first threshold; or, the third sequence is the top N largest values ​​in each of the multiple candidate sequences. PS It is obtained by superimposing elements.

[0199] When the third sequence is a complex sequence, the first sequence satisfies the relationship shown in formula (9):

[0200] When the elements in the third sequence are phase values, the first sequence satisfies the relationship shown in formula (10):

[0201] Where i = 0, 1, ..., M ZC M ZC The length of the first sequence. Let r be the i-th element in the first sequence. i x is the i-th element in the second sequence. i z is the i-th element in the third sequence. i Let i be the phase of the i-th element in the second sequence. It can also be called the phase perturbation value.

[0202] In this way, the amplitude of the second sequence can be avoided, the constant mode property can be guaranteed, the impact on the channel estimation results can be reduced, and the accuracy of channel estimation can be improved.

[0203] It should be understood that in the embodiments of this application, the superposition of the second sequence and the third sequence can also be understood as scrambling the second sequence through the third sequence.

[0204] S1002, the first device sends a first signal. Correspondingly, the second device receives the first signal.

[0205] In one possible implementation, the first signal in S1002 can be carried on time-frequency resources. This can be understood as the first device mapping the first sequence to time-frequency resources and transmitting it. The time-frequency resources used to map the first sequence are the same as those used to map the second sequence. It can be understood that the time-frequency resources used to map the first sequence can be indicated by the second device. The mapping principle for the first sequence is the same as that for the second sequence, and will not be elaborated further.

[0206] The frequency domain resources for the second and third sequences are shown in Figure 11.

[0207] As shown in Figure 12, the first sequence can be understood as a superposition of the second and third sequences. The signal carrying the first sequence is equivalent to the superposition of the signal carrying the third sequence and the signal carrying the second sequence. The first signal carrying the first sequence can be obtained by performing an inverse fast Fourier transformation (IFFT) on the third and second sequences. The first signal can also be understood as a superposition of the second signal carrying the second sequence and the signal carrying the third sequence. The peak power of the second signal carrying the second sequence occurs at the same time domain position as the peak power of the signal carrying the third sequence (e.g., the same position), and the superposition of the peak power of the second signal carrying the second sequence and the peak power of the signal carrying the third sequence can reduce the peak power of the third sequence.

[0208] Based on the communication method provided in Figure 10, the first device can acquire and transmit a first signal used to carry the first sequence. Since the first sequence is determined based on the second sequence, the peak-to-average power ratio of the first sequence is less than the peak-to-average power ratio of the second signal used to carry the second sequence. In this way, the peak-to-average power ratio of the transmitted signal sequence can be reduced, thereby improving the signal coverage and the signal-to-noise ratio of the signal.

[0209] It should be understood that the first signal received by the second device is the signal corresponding to the first signal sent by the first device after being transmitted through the channel.

[0210] S1003, the second device performs channel estimation based on the first sequence and the received first signal to obtain channel information.

[0211] It should be understood that in this embodiment, the second device can perform channel estimation based on the first sequence and the received first signal to obtain channel information. The received signal satisfies the relationship shown in the following formula (11): y=s*h+n; (11)

[0212] Where y is the signal received by the second device to carry the first sequence (i.e., the first signal received by the second device), s is the signal sent by the first device to carry the first sequence (i.e., the first signal sent by the first device), h is the channel state information, and n is noise.

[0213] It is understandable that the first signal received by the second device is the signal transmitted through the channel after the first signal sent by the first device. The first signal received by the second device may be the same as or different from the first signal sent by the first device.

[0214] When the received first signal is used for channel estimation, the accuracy of channel estimation can be improved, thereby improving communication performance.

[0215] S1004, the second device communicates with the first device based on the channel information.

[0216] For the implementation principle of S1004, please refer to the relevant introduction of S703, which will not be elaborated here.

[0217] Optionally, if the first sequence is determined based on multiple candidate sequences, the communication method provided in FIG10 further includes S1005.

[0218] S1005, the second device sends the first information. Correspondingly, the first device receives the first information.

[0219] The first information is used to indicate multiple candidate sequences. For example, the first information may include multiple candidate sequences, or the first information may include the root sequence corresponding to multiple candidate sequences.

[0220] Thus, obtaining multiple candidate sequences from other devices, such as a second device, can reduce the processing complexity of the first device.

[0221] Optionally, if the first condition is met, the method provided in FIG10 may further include S1006.

[0222] S1006, the second device sends the seventh message. Correspondingly, the first device receives the seventh message.

[0223] The seventh message is used to instruct the first device to disable the function of sending the third sequence. In this case, S1006 can be executed after S1001 to S1005.

[0224] Alternatively, the seventh message can be used to instruct the first device to enable the function of sending the third sequence. In this case, S1006 can be executed before S1001 to S1005.

[0225] Alternatively, the seventh information can be used to instruct the first device to change the third sequence. In this way, the third sequence can be adjusted according to the actual channel conditions, thereby improving the accuracy of channel estimation.

[0226] Optionally, if multiple candidate sequences are pre-configured, the seventh information may carry the index / logical number / sequence identifier of the third sequence, etc. In this case, S1006 can be executed between the i-th execution of S1001 to S1003 and the (i+1)-th execution of S1001 to S1003.

[0227] Where i is a positive integer, the first condition includes one or more of the following: the SRS root sequence of the first device changes, or the SRS received SINR of the second device changes, or the SRS detection performance of the second device changes, or the coverage performance, channel estimation performance, or downlink feedback overhead limit changes.

[0228] In this context, the more first devices (or users) involved in code division multiplexing, the smaller the amplitude or phase value of the third sequence; conversely, the fewer first devices involved in code division multiplexing, the larger the amplitude or phase value of the third sequence. The coverage requirement of the first device is defined as the required increase in the average power of the transmitted signal. The greater the average power increase required by the first device, the higher the coverage requirement. Conversely, the smaller the average power increase required by the first device, the lower the coverage requirement. The coverage requirement of the first device can be represented by one or more of the following: multipath between the first and second devices, or hardware transmission by the first device. In this case, the number of frequency domain units occupied by the first frequency domain resource set is related to at least one of the following: multipath between the first and second devices, the hardware transmission capability of the first device, and the distance between the first and second devices.

[0229] In this way, both coverage requirements and spectrum efficiency can be taken into account.

[0230] The channel estimation performance is related to the transmit power of the first device and whether the transmitted signal is constant-modulus. Higher transmit power of the first device results in better channel estimation performance, requiring a smaller amplitude and / or phase of the third sequence. Conversely, lower transmit power leads to poorer channel estimation performance, requiring a larger amplitude and / or phase of the third sequence. If the transmitted signal is constant-modulus, a larger phase value of the third sequence is needed to achieve the same transmit power improvement.

[0231] The first condition listed here is for illustrative purposes only. Other conditions may also be included, which will not be elaborated here.

[0232] As an example, in the embodiments of this application, "enabled" can also be replaced with descriptions such as "enabled", "disabled", "activated", "allowed to use", etc.; "disabled" can also be replaced with descriptions such as "closed", "disabled", "deactivated", "not allowed to use", etc., which will not be elaborated further below.

[0233] To facilitate understanding, the communication method shown in Figure 10 will be further explained below in different scenarios.

[0234] In some possible scenarios, the first sequence may be indicated by a second device. In this case, the method provided in Figure 10 can be implemented by the communication method provided in Figure 13 below. As shown in Figure 13, the communication method includes:

[0235] S1301, the second device sends the SRS sequence generation configuration and time-frequency resource mapping configuration to the first device.

[0236] For SRS sequence generation configuration and time-frequency resource mapping configuration, please refer to the relevant introduction in S700. For the implementation of S1301, please refer to the relevant introduction in S700. It will not be elaborated here.

[0237] S1302, the second device sends the second information. Correspondingly, the first device receives the second information.

[0238] Optionally, the second information may include the first sequence.

[0239] Alternatively, the second information may include the root sequence of the first sequence. The first sequence may be obtained by cyclically shifting the root sequence of the first sequence. The cyclic shift parameter of the first sequence is the same as the cyclic shift parameter of the corresponding second sequence.

[0240] Alternatively, the second information may include the amplitude and / or phase of each element in the first sequence.

[0241] It is understood that the second piece of information mentioned above is for illustrative purposes. In actual implementation, there may be other possible ways to implement the second piece of information, which will not be elaborated here.

[0242] In this way, the first sequence can be obtained directly by the first device or the first sequence can be deduced from the root sequence, which can reduce the processing complexity of the first device.

[0243] In this case, S1001 in the method provided in Figure 10 is implemented by S1302 in the method provided in Figure 13.

[0244] S1303, the first device sends a first signal. Correspondingly, the second device receives the first signal.

[0245] For details on the implementation of the first signal, please refer to the relevant description in the method provided in Figure 10. For details on the implementation of S1303, please refer to the relevant description of S1002.

[0246] S1304, the second device performs channel estimation based on the first sequence and the received first signal to obtain channel information.

[0247] For details on the implementation of S1304, please refer to the relevant introduction of S1003, which will not be elaborated here.

[0248] S1305, the second device communicates with the first device based on the channel information.

[0249] For details on the implementation principle of S1305, please refer to the relevant introductions of S703 or S1004, which will not be elaborated here.

[0250] Optionally, if the first sequence is determined based on multiple candidate sequences, the communication method provided in FIG13 further includes S1306.

[0251] S1306, the second device sends the first information. Correspondingly, the first device receives the first information.

[0252] The first information is used to indicate multiple candidate sequences.

[0253] For details on the implementation of the first information, please refer to the relevant description in the method provided in Figure 10. For details on the implementation of S1306, please refer to the relevant description of S1005.

[0254] Optionally, if the first condition is met, the method provided in FIG13 may also include S1307.

[0255] S1307, the second device sends the seventh message. Correspondingly, the first device receives the seventh message.

[0256] For details on the implementation of S1307, please refer to the relevant introduction of S1006, which will not be elaborated here.

[0257] The seventh message is used to instruct the first device to disable the function of sending the third sequence. In this case, S1307 can be executed after S1301 to S1306.

[0258] Alternatively, the seventh message can be used to instruct the first device to enable the function of sending the third sequence. In this case, S1307 can be executed before S1301 to S1306.

[0259] Alternatively, the seventh information is used to instruct the first device to change the third sequence. In this case, S1408 is executed after the i-th execution of S1301 to S1304 and before the (i+1)-th execution of S1301 to S1304.

[0260] Regarding the technical effects of the communication method shown in Figure 13, please refer to the technical effects of the communication method shown in Figure 10, which will not be elaborated upon here.

[0261] In other possible scenarios, the first sequence may be generated by a first device. In this case, the method provided in Figure 10 can be implemented by the communication method provided in Figure 14 below. As shown in Figure 14, the communication method includes:

[0262] S1401, the second device sends the SRS sequence generation configuration and time-frequency resource mapping configuration to the first device.

[0263] For SRS sequence generation configuration and time-frequency resource mapping configuration, please refer to the relevant introduction in S700. For the implementation of S1401, please refer to the relevant introduction in S700. It will not be elaborated here.

[0264] S1402, the first device acquires the second sequence.

[0265] The second sequence is generated by the first device. In some examples, the principle of the first device generating the second sequence can be found in the relevant introductions of formulas (1) to (7), which will not be elaborated here.

[0266] S1403, the first device acquires the third sequence.

[0267] The third sequence can be pre-configured, or it can be indicated by a network device, or it can be generated by a terminal device.

[0268] S1404, the first device determines the first sequence based on the second sequence and the third sequence.

[0269] For example, the first device can superimpose the second and third sequences to obtain the first sequence.

[0270] In this way, the first device can determine the third sequence itself, avoiding interaction with the third sequence, which can improve flexibility and reduce the overhead of indicating the third sequence.

[0271] S1405, the first device sends a first signal. Correspondingly, the second device receives the first signal.

[0272] For details on the implementation of the first signal, please refer to the relevant description in the method provided in Figure 10. For details on the implementation of S1405, please refer to the relevant descriptions of S1002 or S1303.

[0273] S1406, the second device performs channel estimation based on the first sequence and the received first signal to obtain channel information.

[0274] For details on the implementation of S1406, please refer to the relevant introductions of S1003 or S1304, which will not be elaborated here.

[0275] S1407, the second device communicates with the first device based on the channel information.

[0276] For the implementation principle of S1407, please refer to the relevant introductions of S703, S1004, or S1305, which will not be elaborated here.

[0277] Optionally, if the first sequence is determined based on multiple candidate sequences, the communication method provided in FIG14 further includes S1407.

[0278] S1408, the second device sends the first information. Correspondingly, the first device receives the first information.

[0279] The first information is used to indicate multiple candidate sequences.

[0280] For details on the implementation of the first information, please refer to the relevant description in the method provided in Figure 10. For details on the implementation of S1408, please refer to the relevant descriptions of S1005 or S1006.

[0281] Optionally, if the first condition is met, the method provided in FIG14 may further include S1409.

[0282] S1409, the second device sends the seventh message. Correspondingly, the first device receives the seventh message.

[0283] For details on the implementation of S1409, please refer to the relevant introductions of S1006 or S1308, which will not be elaborated here.

[0284] For details on the implementation of S1408, please refer to the relevant introductions of S1006 or S1307, which will not be elaborated here.

[0285] The seventh message is used to instruct the first device to disable the function of sending the third sequence. In this case, S1408 can be executed after S1401 to S1408.

[0286] Alternatively, the seventh message can be used to instruct the first device to enable the function of sending the third sequence. In this case, S1408 can be executed before S1401 to S1408.

[0287] Alternatively, the seventh information is used to instruct the first device to change the third sequence. In this case, S1408 can be executed after the i-th execution of S1401 to S1406 and before the (i+1)-th execution of S1401 to S1406.

[0288] Optionally, when the third sequence is indicated by the network device, as shown in Figure 14(a), S1402 may include S1402a.

[0289] S1402a, the second device sends the third information. Correspondingly, the first device receives the third information.

[0290] The third information is used to indicate the third sequence.

[0291] Optionally, the third information includes the amplitude and / or phase corresponding to each element in the third sequence. For example, if the third sequence is a complex sequence, the third information includes the amplitude and / or phase corresponding to each element in the third sequence; if the third sequence is a phase value, the third information includes the phase corresponding to each element in the third sequence. Alternatively, the third information may include the third sequence or the root sequence of the third sequence. It should be understood that the third sequence is obtained by cyclically shifting the root sequence of the third sequence. Alternatively, the third information may include a value determined based on the phase of the third sequence, such as... The embodiments of this application do not limit the manner in which the third information indicates the third sequence.

[0292] In one possible implementation, the third information can carry the index / logical sequence number / sequence identifier of the third sequence, etc.

[0293] In this way, the third sequence can be obtained directly by the first device, which can reduce the processing complexity of the first device.

[0294] In one possible implementation, the third information includes the real part and / or imaginary part corresponding to each element in the third sequence.

[0295] Optionally, when the length of the third sequence is less than the length of the second sequence, the third information is also used to indicate the position of each element in the third sequence. It is understood that the position of each element in the third sequence refers to its position relative to the second sequence. The third information can indicate the position of each element in the third sequence directly or indirectly. For example, the third information may include the element in the second sequence corresponding to each element in the third sequence, or the index of an element in the second sequence. Or, for instance, the third information may include the nth element in the third sequence... PS1 The index of the element in the second sequence corresponding to the nth element, and the index of the element in the third sequence excluding the nth element. PS1 The index of each element in the second sequence corresponding to each element other than the nth element is relative to the nth element. PS The difference between the indices of the elements in the second sequence corresponding to each element, 1≤n PS1 ≤N PS For example, the third piece of information may include the nth... PS2The index of the element in the second sequence corresponding to the -1 element, and the nth element in the third sequence. PS2 The index of the element in the second sequence corresponding to the nth element is relative to the index of the nth element in the third sequence. PS2 The difference between the indices of the elements in the second sequence corresponding to the -1 elements, where 2 ≤ n PS2 ≤N PS Here, the method of using the third information to indicate the position of each element in the third sequence is used as an example. In actual implementation, there may be other possible methods to indicate the position of each element in the third sequence, which will not be elaborated here. Thus, when there are many zero elements in the sequence, indicating the position of some non-zero elements can be used instead of indicating the entire sequence, thereby reducing the indication overhead.

[0296] It should be understood that when the seventh information is used to instruct the first device to change the third sequence, during the (i+1)th execution of S1401 to S1406, the third sequence indicated by the third information is the updated third sequence relative to the i-th execution of S1401 to S1406.

[0297] Alternatively, during the (i+1)th execution of S1401 to S1406, the third sequence indicated by the third information is the increment of the third sequence relative to the third sequence during the (i)th execution of S1401 to S1406, which is n in the third sequence during the (i+1)th execution of S1401 to S1406. PS Each element is relative to n in the third sequence during the i-th execution of S1401 to S1406. PS The difference between each element. In this way, the amount of data for the third information can be reduced, thereby reducing overhead.

[0298] Alternatively, in the case of multiple pre-configured candidate sequences, the seventh information can carry the index / logical number / sequence identifier of the third sequence, etc.

[0299] Optionally, when the third sequence is generated by the terminal device, as shown in Figure 14(b), the method provided in Figure 14 may also include S1410.

[0300] S1410, the second device sends the fourth message. Correspondingly, the first device receives the fourth message.

[0301] The fourth piece of information is used to determine the third sequence.

[0302] Optionally, the second device may send the fourth information via broadcast, multicast, or unicast. In this embodiment, the method by which the second device sends the fourth information is not limited.

[0303] In one possible implementation, the fourth information is used to indicate at least one candidate model, each of which can be used to generate a sequence that reduces the peak-to-average power ratio.

[0304] In this way, the model can be used to generate multiple corresponding sequences for reducing the peak-to-average power ratio based on various SRS sequences. The model only needs to be deployed once (excluding subsequent model updates), which avoids the frequent deployment of sequences for reducing the peak-to-average power ratio, thus saving overhead.

[0305] At least one candidate model includes a first model, which is used to generate a sequence with a reduced peak-to-average power ratio.

[0306] The candidate model can be an AI model. As an example, an AI model can also be called an AI network, a neural network model, or a machine learning model. The candidate model can be trained by a second device, or it can be trained by a first device. It should be understood that the candidate model can also be trained by other third-party network elements. In this case, optionally, the first device can send the information used to train the candidate model (such as the first training data described below) to the third-party network element. In this way, the first device can determine the information to be sent to the third-party device, balancing information security and the computational complexity of the first device. Alternatively, optionally, the second device can also send the information used to train the candidate model to the third-party network element. Optionally, the third-party network element can also send the candidate model to the first device. This third-party network element can be a core network element such as an access and mobility management function (AMF) network element or a user plane function (UPF) network element, or it can be an operations, administration and maintenance (OAM) cloud server or other network element, without limitation.

[0307] The input parameters of the candidate model include the root sequence corresponding to the SRS sequence. By inputting the root sequence corresponding to the SRS sequence into the candidate model, the output of the candidate model can be obtained. The output of the candidate model consists of one or more sequences used to reduce the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of the SRS sequences input into the candidate model. For example, if the input of the first model can be the root sequence corresponding to the third sequence, then the output of the first model includes one or more sequences used to reduce the PAPR of the first sequence.

[0308] In this embodiment of the application, the fourth information may include one or more of the following: the number of layers of the model, the connection relationship, the value of the model parameters, the model type, or the model size. The model indication method can be a proprietary form between the stations or an existing open form (such as the Open Neural Network Exchange (ONNX), Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN), or Interoperability Token) to indicate the model.

[0309] In one possible implementation, the fourth information is used to indicate at least one of the following: the amplitude threshold corresponding to each element in the third sequence, the phase threshold corresponding to each element in the third sequence, or the constant modulus requirement of the third sequence.

[0310] This avoids directly instructing the third sequence and allows for greater flexibility.

[0311] Optionally, the amplitude threshold might be EVM. In this case, for example, different sequence lengths M ZC Under the conditions of u and v, the amplitude thresholds satisfy the relationship shown in Table 5 below:

[0312] Table 5

[0313] Based on Table 5 above, in the sequence length M ZC With a value of 6, u = 0, and v = 0, the amplitude threshold is 3.5%; at a sequence length M ZC With a value of 30, u = 24, and v = 0, the amplitude threshold is 12.5%.

[0314] For example, for sequences of different lengths, u, and v, the phase threshold φ satisfies the relationship shown in Table 6 below:

[0315] Table 6

[0316] Based on Table 6 above, in sequence length M ZC When u is 0, v is 0, and the phase threshold is π / 16; with sequence length M ZC With u = 30, u = 24, and v = 0, the phase threshold is π / 4.

[0317] In one possible implementation, the amplitude of each element in the third sequence is less than or equal to the amplitude threshold corresponding to each element, and / or the phase offset of each element is less than or equal to the phase threshold corresponding to each element.

[0318] In this way, the amplitude and phase shifts of the scrambled third sequence can be avoided, and the peak-to-average power ratio and the detection performance and channel estimation performance of the sequence can be balanced.

[0319] In one possible implementation, the method shown in Figure 14 also includes S1411.

[0320] S1411, the second device sends the fifth message. Correspondingly, the first device receives the fifth message.

[0321] The fifth piece of information is used to indicate the first number of non-zero elements in the third sequence and the positions of the first number of non-zero elements.

[0322] This allows the second device to recover a more accurate SRS sequence and use it for channel estimation, which can further reduce overhead.

[0323] In one possible implementation, the first quantity is less than or equal to a first quantity threshold; or, the number of bits occupied by the fifth information is less than or equal to a second quantity threshold. This avoids excessive overhead.

[0324] It is understandable that the fifth piece of information and the fourth piece of information can be the same information or different information.

[0325] Optionally, as shown in Figure 14(b), when the third sequence is determined by the first device itself, the method provided in Figure 14 may also include S1412.

[0326] S1412, the first device sends the eighth message. Correspondingly, the second device receives the eighth message.

[0327] The eighth piece of information is used to indicate the third sequence. The principle behind the eighth piece of information indicating the third sequence can be found in the relevant introduction to the third piece of information, and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0328] In this way, the second device can obtain the third sequence, and then obtain the first sequence based on the third sequence and the second sequence. Thus, channel estimation can be performed based on the first sequence and the received reference signal, which can improve the accuracy of channel estimation.

[0329] It is understood that the first device may also generate the third sequence in other ways, which will not be elaborated in the embodiments of this application.

[0330] In some possible embodiments, the aforementioned second information can also be referred to as sixth information, the third information can also be referred to as sixth information, and the fourth and fifth information can also be referred to as sixth information. The sixth information is used to obtain the first sequence. The communication method includes: a second device sending the sixth information; the sixth information being used to obtain the first sequence. That is, the second device can send the sixth information to the first device for obtaining the third sequence. The first device can obtain the first sequence based on the sixth information and send the first sequence. Since the first sequence is determined based on the third and second sequences, the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of the first sequence is less than that of the second sequence. This reduces the PAPR of the transmitted sequence, improving the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the first sequence, thereby improving the accuracy of channel estimation and enhancing communication performance.

[0331] Regarding the technical effects of the communication method shown in Figure 14, please refer to the technical effects of the communication method shown in Figure 10, which will not be elaborated upon here.

[0332] In some scenarios, "greater than or equal to" in the embodiments of this application can also be replaced with "greater than"; in some scenarios, "greater than or equal to" can also be replaced with "equal to". In some scenarios, "less than or equal to" in the embodiments of this application can also be replaced with "less than"; in some scenarios, "less than or equal to" can also be replaced with "equal to".

[0333] The communication method provided by the embodiments of this application has been described in detail above with reference to Figures 10-14. The communication apparatus used to perform the communication method provided by the embodiments of this application is described in detail below with reference to Figures 15-16.

[0334] As shown in Figure 15, the communication device 1500 includes a processing module 1501 and a transceiver module 1502. For ease of explanation, Figure 15 only shows the main components of the communication device.

[0335] In some embodiments, the communication device 1500 can be used to implement the functions of the first device. The processing module 1501 in the communication device can be used to generate the signal transmitted by the first device in the method provided in any of Figures 10, 13 or 14, and the transceiver module 1502 can be used to execute the receiving step and the transmitting step of the first device in the method provided in any of Figures 10, 13 or 14.

[0336] In other embodiments, the communication device 1500 can be used to implement the functions of the second device. The processing module 1501 in the communication device can be used to generate the signal transmitted by the second device in the method provided in any of Figures 10, 13 or 14, and the transceiver module 1502 can be used to execute the receiving and transmitting steps of the second device in the method provided in any of Figures 10, 13 or 14.

[0337] Optionally, the transceiver module 1502 may include a receiving module and a transmitting module (not shown in FIG15). The transceiver module is used to implement the transmitting and receiving functions of the communication device 1500.

[0338] Optionally, the communication device 1500 may further include a storage module (not shown in FIG. 15) that stores programs or instructions. When the processing module 1501 executes the program or instructions, the communication device 1500 is able to perform the functions of the first or second device in the auxiliary channel measurement method shown in any of FIG. 10, FIG. 13 or FIG. 14.

[0339] It should be understood that the processing module 1501 involved in the communication device 1500 can be implemented by a processor or processor-related circuit components, and can be a processor or processing unit; the transceiver module 1502 can be implemented by a transceiver or transceiver-related circuit components, and can be a transceiver or transceiver unit.

[0340] It should be noted that when the communication device 1500 is used to perform the function of the first device in the auxiliary channel measurement method shown in any of Figures 10, 13, or 14, the communication device 1500 may be a terminal device, a communication module, a circuit or chip responsible for communication functions, a chip system, or other components or assemblies. The communication module, or the circuit or chip responsible for communication functions, or the chip system, or other components or assemblies may be disposed in the terminal device. When the communication device 1500 is used to perform the function of the second device in the auxiliary channel measurement method shown in any of Figures 10, 13, or 14, the communication device 1500 may be a terminal device or access network device, a communication module, a circuit or chip responsible for communication functions, a chip system, or other components or assemblies. The communication module, or the circuit or chip responsible for communication functions, or the chip system, or other components or assemblies may be disposed in the terminal device or access network device.

[0341] Furthermore, the technical effects of the communication device 1500 can be referenced to the technical effects of the auxiliary channel measurement method shown in any of Figures 10, 13 or 14, which will not be elaborated here.

[0342] For example, Figure 16 is a second schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. This communication device can be a terminal device or an access network device, or it can be a chip (system) or other component or assembly that can be disposed in a terminal device or access network device. As shown in Figure 16, the communication device 1600 may include a processor 1601. Optionally, the communication device 1600 may also include a memory 1602 and / or a transceiver 1603. The processor 1601 is coupled to the memory 1602 and the transceiver 1603, for example, they can be connected via a communication bus.

[0343] The following section, with reference to Figure 16, provides a detailed description of each component of the communication device 1600:

[0344] The processor 1601 is the control center of the communication device 1600. It can be a single processor or a collective term for multiple processing elements. For example, the processor 1601 can be one or more central processing units (CPUs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the embodiments of this application, such as one or more digital signal processors (DSPs), or one or more field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs).

[0345] Optionally, the processor 1601 can perform various functions of the communication device 1600 by running or executing software programs stored in the memory 1602 and calling data stored in the memory 1602.

[0346] In a specific implementation, as one example, processor 1601 may include one or more CPUs, such as CPU0 and CPU1 shown in FIG16.

[0347] In a specific implementation, as one embodiment, the communication device 1600 may also include multiple processors, such as processors 1601 and 1604 shown in FIG. 16. Each of these processors may be a single-core processor (single-CPU) or a multi-core processor (multi-CPU). Here, a processor may refer to one or more devices, circuits, and / or processing cores used for processing data (e.g., computer program instructions).

[0348] The memory 1602 is used to store the software program that executes the solution of this application, and is controlled by the processor 1601 to execute it. The specific implementation method can be referred to the above method embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0349] Optionally, the memory 1602 may be a read-only memory (ROM) or other type of static storage device capable of storing static information and instructions, random access memory (RAM) or other type of dynamic storage device capable of storing information and instructions, or electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disc storage, optical disc storage (including compressed optical discs, laser discs, optical discs, digital universal optical discs, Blu-ray discs, etc.), magnetic disk storage media or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium capable of carrying or storing desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and accessible by a computer, but not limited thereto. The memory 1602 may be integrated with the processor 1601 or may exist independently and be coupled to the processor 1601 through the interface circuit of the communication device 1600 (not shown in FIG. 16). This embodiment of the application does not specifically limit this.

[0350] Alternatively, the memory may be located outside the communication device.

[0351] Transceiver 1603 is used for communication with other communication devices. For example, if communication device 1600 is a terminal device, transceiver 1603 can be used to communicate with an access network device or with another terminal device. As another example, if communication device 1600 is an access network device, transceiver 1603 can be used to communicate with a terminal device or with another second device.

[0352] Optionally, transceiver 1603 may include a receiver and a transmitter (not shown separately in Figure 16). The receiver is used to implement the receiving function, and the transmitter is used to implement the transmitting function.

[0353] Optionally, the transceiver 1603 can be integrated with the processor 1601 or exist independently and be coupled to the processor 1601 through the interface circuit of the communication device 1600 (not shown in FIG16). This application embodiment does not specifically limit this.

[0354] It should be noted that the structure of the communication device 1600 shown in Figure 16 does not constitute a limitation on the communication device. The actual communication device may include more or fewer components than shown, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0355] Furthermore, the technical effects of the communication device 1600 can be referred to the technical effects of the channel state information reporting method described in the above method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0356] It should be understood that the processor in the embodiments of this application can be a CPU, but it can also be other general-purpose processors, DSPs, ASICs, FPGAs, or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor, etc.

[0357] It should also be understood that the memory in the embodiments of this application can be volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can be ROM, programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), EEPROM, or flash memory. Volatile memory can be RAM, which is used as an external cache. By way of example, but not limitation, many forms of RAM are available, such as static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous linked dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), and direct rambus RAM (DR RAM).

[0358] The above embodiments can be implemented, in whole or in part, by software, hardware (such as circuits), firmware, or any other combination thereof. When implemented using software, the above embodiments can be implemented, in whole or in part, in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions or computer programs. When the computer instructions or computer programs are loaded or executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of this application are generated. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or data center that includes one or more sets of available media. The available medium can be a magnetic medium (e.g., floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., DVD), or a semiconductor medium. A semiconductor medium can be a solid-state drive.

[0359] It should be understood that the term "and / or" in this article is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. A and B can be singular or plural. Additionally, the character " / " in this article generally indicates an "or" relationship between the preceding and following related objects, but it can also represent an "and / or" relationship. Please refer to the context for a more accurate understanding.

[0360] In this application, "at least one" means one or more, and "more than one" means two or more. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or multiple items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can mean: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0361] It should be understood that in the various embodiments of this application, the order of the above-mentioned processes does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0362] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0363] Those skilled in the art will understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0364] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0365] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0366] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0367] If the aforementioned functions are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a portion of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, ROM, RAM, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0368] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A communication method, characterized in that, The method includes: A first signal is acquired; the first signal is used to carry a first sequence, the first sequence is determined based on a second sequence, the second sequence is a detection reference signal sequence, the peak-to-average power ratio of the first signal is less than the peak-to-average power ratio of the second signal, and the second signal is used to carry the second sequence. Send the first signal.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first sequence is determined based on the second sequence, including: the first sequence is determined based on the second sequence and the third sequence.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The length of the third sequence is less than or equal to the length of the second sequence.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The first sequence satisfies the following relationship: Alternatively, the first sequence satisfies the following relationship: Where i = 0, 1, ..., M ZC M ZC The length of the first sequence. Let r be the i-th element in the first sequence. i x is the i-th element in the second sequence. i z is the i-th element in the third sequence. i It represents the phase of the i-th element in the third sequence.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The third sequence is one of several candidate sequences.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The method further includes: Receive first information; the first information is used to indicate the plurality of candidate sequences.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The method further includes: Receive second information; the second information includes the first sequence, or the second information includes the root sequence of the first sequence.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The method further includes: The first sequence is determined based on the second sequence and the third sequence.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The method further includes: Obtain the second sequence; Obtain the third sequence.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The acquisition of the third sequence includes: Receive third information; wherein the third information is used to indicate the third sequence.

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that, The third information includes the amplitude and / or phase corresponding to each element in the third sequence; and / or, The third information includes the third sequence or the root sequence of the third sequence.

12. The method according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that, The third information is also used to indicate the position of each element in the third sequence.

13. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The method further includes: Receive fourth information; the fourth information is used to determine the third sequence.

14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that, The fourth information is used to instruct the first model, which is used to generate a sequence that reduces the peak-to-average power ratio.

15. The method according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that, The fourth information is also used to indicate at least one of the following: the amplitude threshold corresponding to each element in the third sequence, the phase threshold corresponding to each element in the third sequence, or the constant modulus requirement of the third sequence.

16. The method according to any one of claims 13-15, characterized in that, The amplitude of each element in the third sequence is less than or equal to the amplitude threshold corresponding to each element, and / or the phase offset of each element is less than or equal to the phase threshold corresponding to each element.

17. The method according to any one of claims 13-16, characterized in that, The method further includes: Receive fifth information, which is used to indicate a first number of non-zero elements in the third sequence and the positions of the first number of non-zero elements.

18. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that, The first quantity is less than or equal to a first quantity threshold; or, the number of bits occupied by the fifth information is less than or equal to a second quantity threshold.

19. A communication method, characterized in that, The method includes: Send a sixth message; the sixth message is used to acquire a first sequence; the first sequence is determined based on a second sequence, the second sequence being a detection reference signal sequence; A first signal is received; the first signal is used to carry the first sequence, the peak-to-average power ratio of the first signal is less than the peak-to-average power ratio of the second signal, and the second signal is used to carry the second sequence.

20. The method according to claim 19, characterized in that, The first sequence is determined based on the second sequence, including: the first sequence is determined based on the second sequence and the third sequence.

21. The method according to claim 19 or 20, characterized in that, The length of the third sequence is less than or equal to the length of the second sequence.

22. The method according to any one of claims 19-21, characterized in that, The first sequence satisfies the following relationship: Alternatively, the first sequence satisfies the following relationship: Where i = 0, 1, ..., M ZC M ZC The length of the first sequence. Let r be the i-th element in the first sequence. i x is the i-th element in the second sequence. i z is the i-th element in the third sequence. i It represents the phase of the i-th element in the third sequence.

23. The method according to any one of claims 19-22, characterized in that, The third sequence is one of several candidate sequences.

24. The method according to claim 23, characterized in that, The method further includes: Send a first message; the first message is used to indicate the plurality of candidate sequences.

25. The method according to any one of claims 19-22, characterized in that, The sixth information includes the first sequence, or the sixth information includes the root sequence of the first sequence.

26. The method according to any one of claims 19-22, characterized in that, The sixth piece of information is used to indicate the third sequence.

27. The method according to claim 26, characterized in that, The sixth information includes the amplitude and / or phase corresponding to each element in the third sequence; and / or, The sixth information includes the third sequence or the root sequence of the third sequence.

28. The method according to claim 26 or 27, characterized in that, The sixth piece of information is also used to indicate the position of each element in the third sequence.

29. The method according to claim 26, characterized in that, The sixth piece of information is used to determine the third sequence.

30. The method according to claim 29, characterized in that, The sixth piece of information is used to instruct the first model, which is used to generate a sequence that reduces the peak-to-average power ratio.

31. The method according to claim 29 or 30, characterized in that, The sixth information is also used to indicate at least one of the following: the amplitude threshold corresponding to each element in the third sequence, the phase threshold corresponding to each element in the third sequence, or the constant modulus requirement of the third sequence.

32. The method according to any one of claims 29-31, characterized in that, The amplitude of each element in the third sequence is less than or equal to the amplitude threshold corresponding to each element, and / or the phase offset of each element is less than or equal to the phase threshold corresponding to each element.

33. The method according to any one of claims 29-32, characterized in that, The method further includes: Send a fifth message, which is used to indicate a first number of non-zero elements in the third sequence and the positions of the first number of non-zero elements.

34. The method according to claim 33, characterized in that, The first quantity is less than or equal to a first quantity threshold; or, the number of bits occupied by the fifth information is less than or equal to a second quantity threshold.

35. A communication device, characterized in that, The communication device includes a module or unit for performing the communication method as described in any one of claims 1-34.

36. A communication device, characterized in that, include: Processor; among which, The processor is used to run instructions to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-34.

37. The apparatus according to claim 36, characterized in that, The communication device also includes a transceiver, which is used for information exchange between the communication device and other communication devices.

38. The apparatus according to claim 36 or 37, characterized in that, The communication device further includes a memory for storing the instructions.

39. A computer program product, characterized in that, The computer program product includes: a computer program or instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the communication method as described in any one of claims 1-34.

40. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, include: A computer program or instruction; when the computer program or instruction is run on a computer, it causes the computer to perform the communication method as described in any one of claims 1-34.

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