Multi-hop proximity based service
The proposed solution for multi-hop ProSe communications manages hop count and QoS by exchanging configuration and time budget messages among terminal devices, addressing synchronization and regulatory compliance challenges, thereby ensuring efficient and compliant multi-hop ProSe operations.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- NOKIA SOLUTIONS (SHANGHAI) CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-18
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-21
AI Technical Summary
Existing communication networks face challenges in controlling hop count and ensuring quality of service (QoS) in multi-hop ProSe scenarios, particularly in terms of delay and synchronization among relay UEs, which are not adequately addressed by current regulatory and synchronization mechanisms.
A solution for multi-hop ProSe that involves the exchange of configuration and time budget messages among terminal devices to manage hop count and QoS, using timestamp combinations to synchronize and control discovery and link establishment, ensuring compliance with regulatory thresholds and maintaining QoS.
Enables effective delay control and QoS management in multi-hop ProSe communications, independent of clock synchronization among UEs, supporting time synchronization through reference time information and PTP/gPTP, and ensuring compliance with regulatory requirements.
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Figure CN2024132776_21052026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
MULTI-HOP PROXIMITY BASED SERVICEFIELD
[0001] Various example embodiments relate to the field of communication, and in particular, to devices, methods, apparatuses, and a computer readable medium for multi-hop proximity based service (ProSe) , especially for boundary control and / or quality of service (QoS) control in multi-hop ProSe.BACKGROUND
[0002] A communication network can be seen as a facility that enables communications between two or more communication devices, or provides communication devices access to a data network. A mobile or wireless communication network is one example of a communication network.
[0003] Such communication networks operate in accordance with standards, such as those promulgated by 3GPP (Third Generation Partnership Project) or ETSI (European Telecommunications Standards Institute) . Examples of such standards include the so-called 5G (5th Generation) standard or other standards promulgated by 3GPP.SUMMARY
[0004] In general, example embodiments of the present disclosure provide a solution for multi-hop ProSe, for instance, for boundary control and / or QoS control in multi-hop ProSe.
[0005] In a first aspect, there is provided a first terminal device. The first terminal device comprises at least one processor and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the first terminal device at least to: transmit, to a second terminal device, an announcement message for a multi-hop relay discovery, wherein the announcement message comprises a configuration for multi-hop proximity based service (ProSe) .
[0006] In a second aspect, there is provided a second terminal device. The second terminal device comprises at least one processor and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the second terminal device at least to: receive, from a first terminal device, a first announcement message for a multi-hop relay discovery, wherein the first announcement message comprises a first configuration for multi-hop proximity based service (ProSe) ; and determine a second configuration for multi-hop ProSe based on the first configuration and an adjustment value.
[0007] In a third aspect, there is provided a third terminal device. The third terminal device comprises at least one processor and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the third terminal device at least to: receive, from a second terminal device, a second announcement message for a multi-hop relay discovery, wherein the second announcement message comprises a second configuration for multi-hop proximity based service (ProSe) ; and determine whether to establish a link with a first terminal device based on the second configuration.
[0008] In a fourth aspect, there is provided a first terminal device. The first terminal device comprises at least one processor and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the first terminal device at least to: transmit, to a second terminal device, a first request, wherein the first request comprises a first time budget for multi-hop proximity based service (ProSe) ; and receive, from the second terminal device, a first response, wherein the first response comprises a second time budget for multi-hop ProSe, and the second time budget is allowed by the second terminal device.
[0009] In a fifth aspect, there is provided a second terminal device. The second terminal device comprises at least one processor and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the second terminal device at least to: receive, from a first terminal device, a first request, wherein the first request comprises a first time budget for multi-hop proximity based service (ProSe) ; and transmit, to a third terminal device, a second request, wherein the second request comprises a second time budget for multi-hop ProSe determined based on the first time budget and an adjustment value.
[0010] In a sixth aspect, there is provided a third terminal device. The third terminal device comprises at least one processor and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the third terminal device at least to: receive, from a second terminal device, a second request, wherein the second request comprises a second time budget for multi-hop proximity based service (ProSe) ; and transmit, to the second terminal device, a second response based on determining that the second time budget is allowable, wherein the second response comprises the second time budget.
[0011] In a seventh aspect, there is provided a method. The method comprises: transmitting, to a second terminal device, an announcement message for a multi-hop relay discovery, wherein the announcement message comprises a configuration for multi-hop proximity based service (ProSe) .
[0012] In an eighth aspect, there is provided a method. The method comprises: receiving, from a first terminal device, a first announcement message for a multi-hop relay discovery, wherein the first announcement message comprises a first configuration for multi-hop proximity based service (ProSe) ; and determining a second configuration for multi-hop ProSe based on the first configuration and an adjustment value.
[0013] In a ninth aspect, there is provided a method. The method comprises: receiving, from a second terminal device, a second announcement message for a multi-hop relay discovery, wherein the second announcement message comprises a second configuration for multi-hop proximity based service (ProSe) ; and determining whether to establish a link with a first terminal device based on the second configuration.
[0014] In a tenth aspect, there is provided a method. The method comprises: transmitting, to a second terminal device, a first request, wherein the first request comprises a first time budget for multi-hop proximity based service (ProSe) ; and receiving, from the second terminal device, a first response, wherein the first response comprises a second time budget for multi-hop ProSe, and the second time budget is allowed by the second terminal device.
[0015] In an eleventh aspect, there is provided a method. The method comprises: receiving, from a first terminal device, a first request, wherein the first request comprises a first time budget for multi-hop proximity based service (ProSe) ; and transmitting, to a third terminal device, a second request, wherein the second request comprises a second time budget for multi-hop ProSe determined based on the first time budget and an adjustment value.
[0016] In a twelfth aspect, there is provided a method. The method comprises: receiving, from a second terminal device, a second request, wherein the second request comprises a second time budget for multi-hop proximity based service (ProSe) ; and transmitting, to the second terminal device, a second response based on determining that the second time budget is allowable, wherein the second response comprises the second time budget.
[0017] In a thirteenth aspect, there is provided an apparatus. The apparatus comprises: means for transmitting, to a second terminal device, an announcement message for a multi-hop relay discovery, wherein the announcement message comprises a configuration for multi-hop proximity based service (ProSe) .
[0018] In a fourteenth aspect, there is provided an apparatus. The apparatus comprises: means for receiving, from a first terminal device, a first announcement message for a multi-hop relay discovery, wherein the first announcement message comprises a first configuration for multi-hop proximity based service (ProSe) ; and means for determining a second configuration for multi-hop ProSe based on the first configuration and an adjustment value.
[0019] In a fifteenth aspect, there is provided an apparatus. The apparatus comprises: means for receiving, from a second terminal device, a second announcement message for a multi-hop relay discovery, wherein the second announcement message comprises a second configuration for multi-hop proximity based service (ProSe) ; and means for determining whether to establish a link with a first terminal device based on the second configuration.
[0020] In a sixteenth aspect, there is provided an apparatus. The apparatus comprises: means for transmitting, to a second terminal device, a first request, wherein the first request comprises a first time budget for multi-hop proximity based service (ProSe) ; and means for receiving, from the second terminal device, a first response, wherein the first response comprises a second time budget for multi-hop ProSe, and the second time budget is allowed by the second terminal device.
[0021] In a seventeenth aspect, there is provided an apparatus. The apparatus comprises: means for receiving, from a first terminal device, a first request, wherein the first request comprises a first time budget for multi-hop proximity based service (ProSe) ; and means for transmitting, to a third terminal device, a second request, wherein the second request comprises a second time budget for multi-hop ProSe determined based on the first time budget and an adjustment value.
[0022] In an eighteenth aspect, there is provided an apparatus. The apparatus comprises: means for receiving, from a second terminal device, a second request, wherein the second request comprises a second time budget for multi-hop proximity based service (ProSe) ; and means for transmitting, to the second terminal device, a second response based on determining that the second time budget is allowable, wherein the second response comprises the second time budget.
[0023] In a nineteenth aspect, there is provided a non-transitory computer readable medium comprising program instructions for causing an apparatus to perform at least the method of any one of the above seventh to twelfth aspect.
[0024] In a twentieth aspect, there is provided a computer program comprising instructions, which, when executed by an apparatus, cause the apparatus to perform at least the method of any one of the above seventh to twelfth aspect.
[0025] In a twenty-first aspect, there is provided a first terminal device. The first terminal device comprises: transmitting circuitry configured to transmit, to a second terminal device, an announcement message for a multi-hop relay discovery, wherein the announcement message comprises a configuration for multi-hop proximity based service (ProSe) .
[0026] In a twenty-second aspect, there is provided a second terminal device. The second terminal device comprises: receiving circuitry configured to receive, from a first terminal device, a first announcement message for a multi-hop relay discovery, wherein the first announcement message comprises a first configuration for multi-hop proximity based service (ProSe) ; and determining circuitry configured to determine a second configuration for multi-hop ProSe based on the first configuration and an adjustment value.
[0027] In a twenty-third aspect, there is provided a third terminal device. The third terminal device comprises: receiving circuitry configured to receive, from a second terminal device, a second announcement message for a multi-hop relay discovery, wherein the second announcement message comprises a second configuration for multi-hop proximity based service (ProSe) ; and determining circuitry configured to determine whether to establish a link with a first terminal device based on the second configuration.
[0028] In a twenty-fourth aspect, there is provided a first terminal device. The first terminal device comprises: transmitting circuitry configured to transmit, to a second terminal device, a first request, wherein the first request comprises a first time budget for multi-hop proximity based service (ProSe) ; and receiving circuitry configured to receive, from the second terminal device, a first response, wherein the first response comprises a second time budget for multi-hop ProSe, and the second time budget is allowed by the second terminal device.
[0029] In a twenty-fifth aspect, there is provided a second terminal device. The second terminal device comprises: receiving circuitry configured to receive, from a first terminal device, a first request, wherein the first request comprises a first time budget for multi-hop proximity based service (ProSe) ; and transmitting circuitry configured to transmit, to a third terminal device, a second request, wherein the second request comprises a second time budget for multi-hop ProSe determined based on the first time budget and an adjustment value.
[0030] In a twenty-sixth aspect, there is provided a third terminal device. The third terminal device comprises: receiving circuitry configured to receive, from a second terminal device, a second request, wherein the second request comprises a second time budget for multi-hop proximity based service (ProSe) ; and transmitting circuitry configured to transmit, to the second terminal device, a second response based on determining that the second time budget is allowable, wherein the second response comprises the second time budget.
[0031] It is to be understood that the summary section is not intended to identify key or essential features of embodiments of the present disclosure, nor is it intended to be used to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Other features of the present disclosure will become easily comprehensible through the following description.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0032] Some example embodiments will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
[0033] FIG. 1A illustrates an example communication network in which embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented;
[0034] FIG. 1B illustrates another example communication network in which embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented;
[0035] FIG. 2 illustrates a first example of a process flow in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0036] FIG. 3 illustrates a second example of a process flow in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0037] FIG. 4 illustrates an example 5G ProSe multi-hop relay discovery with Model A in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0038] FIG. 5 illustrates an example 5G ProSe multi-hop relay discovery with Model B in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0039] FIG. 6 illustrates an example 5G ProSe link establishment communication via multi-hop relays in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0040] FIG. 7 illustrates a flowchart of an example method implemented at a first terminal device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0041] FIG. 8 illustrates a flowchart of an example method implemented at a second terminal device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0042] FIG. 9 illustrates a flowchart of an example method implemented at a third terminal device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0043] FIG. 10 illustrates a flowchart of another example method implemented at a first terminal device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0044] FIG. 11 illustrates a flowchart of another example method implemented at a second terminal device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0045] FIG. 12 illustrates a flowchart of another example method implemented at a third terminal device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0046] FIG. 13 illustrates a simplified block diagram of a device that is suitable for implementing some example embodiments of the present disclosure; and
[0047] FIG. 14 illustrates a block diagram of an example of a computer-readable medium in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0048] Throughout the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0049] Principles of the present disclosure will now be described with reference to some example embodiments. It is to be understood that these embodiments are described only for the purpose of illustration and help those skilled in the art to understand and implement the present disclosure, without suggesting any limitation as to the scope of the disclosure. The disclosure described herein can be implemented in various manners other than the ones described below.
[0050] In the following description and claims, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skills in the art to which this disclosure belongs.
[0051] References in the present disclosure to “one embodiment, ” “an embodiment, ” “an example embodiment, ” and the like indicate that the embodiment described may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but it is not necessary that every embodiment includes the particular feature, structure, or characteristic. Moreover, such phrases are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment. Further, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, it is submitted that it is within the knowledge of one skilled in the art to affect such feature, structure, or characteristic in connection with other embodiments whether or not explicitly described.
[0052] It shall be understood that although the terms “first” and “second” etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, a first element could be termed a second element, and similarly, a second element could be termed a first element, without departing from the scope of example embodiments. As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the listed terms.
[0053] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments. As used herein, the singular forms “a” , “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms “comprises” , “comprising” , “has” , “having” , “includes” and / or “including” , when used herein, specify the presence of stated features, elements, and / or components etc., but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, components and / or combinations thereof. As used herein, “at least one of the following: <a list of two or more elements>” and “at least one of <a list of two or more elements>” and similar wording, where the list of two or more elements are joined by “and” or “or” , mean at least any one of the elements, or at least any two or more of the elements, or at least all the elements.
[0054] As used in this application, the term “circuitry” may refer to one or more or all of the following: (a) hardware-only circuit implementations (such as implementations in only analog and / or digital circuitry) and (b) combinations of hardware circuits and software, such as (as applicable) : (i) a combination of analog and / or digital hardware circuit (s) with software / firmware and (ii) any portions of hardware processor (s) with software (including digital signal processor (s) ) , software, and memory (ies) that work together to cause an apparatus, such as a mobile phone or server, to perform various functions) and (c) hardware circuit (s) and or processor (s) , such as a microprocessor (s) or a portion of a microprocessor (s) , that requires software (for example, firmware) for operation, but the software may not be present when it is not needed for operation.
[0055] This definition of circuitry applies to all uses of this term in this application, including in any claims. As a further example, as used in this application, the term circuitry also covers an implementation of merely a hardware circuit or processor (or multiple processors) or portion of a hardware circuit or processor and its (or their) accompanying software and / or firmware. The term circuitry also covers, for example and if applicable to the particular claim element, a baseband integrated circuit or processor integrated circuit for a mobile device or a similar integrated circuit in server, a cellular network device, or other computing or network device.
[0056] As used herein, the term “network” , “communication network” or “data network” refers to a network following any suitable communication standards, such as long term evolution (LTE) , LTE-advanced (LTE-A) , wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA) , high-speed packet access (HSPA) , narrow band Internet of things (NB-IoT) , wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) and so on. Furthermore, the communications between a terminal device and a network device / element in the communication network may be performed according to any suitable generation communication protocols, including, but not limited to, the fourth generation (4G) , 4.5G, the future fifth generation (5G) , IEEE 802.11 communication protocols, and / or any other protocols either currently known or to be developed in the future. Embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied in various communication systems. Given the rapid development in communications, there will of course also be future type communication technologies and systems with which the present disclosure may be embodied. It should not be seen as limiting the scope of the present disclosure to only the aforementioned system.
[0057] As used herein, the term “network device” refers to a node in a communication network via which a terminal device receives services (e.g., positioning services) therefrom. The network device may refer to a core network device or access network device, such as base station (BS) or an access point (AP) or a transmission and reception point (TRP) , for example, a node B (NodeB or NB) , an evolved NodeB (eNodeB or eNB) , a NR NB (also referred to as a gNB) , a remote radio unit (RRU) , a radio header (RH) , a remote radio head (RRH) , a WiFi device, a relay, a low power node such as a femto, a pico, and so forth, depending on the applied terminology and technology. In the following description, the terms “network device” , “AP device” , “AP” and “access point” may be used interchangeably.
[0058] The term “terminal device” refers to any end device that may be capable of wireless communication. By way of example rather than limitation, a terminal device may also be referred to as a communication device, user equipment (UE) , a Subscriber Station (SS) , a Portable Subscriber Station, a Mobile Station (MS) , a station (STA) or station device, or an Access Terminal (AT) . The terminal device may include, but not limited to, a mobile phone, a cellular phone, a smart phone, voice over IP (VoIP) phones, wireless local loop phones, a tablet, a wearable terminal device, a personal digital assistant (PDA) , portable computers, desktop computer, image capture terminal devices such as digital cameras, gaming terminal devices, music storage and playback appliances, vehicle-mounted wireless terminal devices, wireless endpoints, mobile stations, laptop-embedded equipment (LEE) , laptop-mounted equipment (LME) , USB dongles, smart devices, wireless customer-premises equipment (CPE) , an Internet of Things (IoT) device, a watch or other wearable, a head-mounted display (HMD) , a vehicle, a drone, a medical device and applications (for example, remote surgery) , an industrial device and applications (for example, a robot and / or other wireless devices operating in an industrial and / or an automated processing chain contexts) , a consumer electronics device, a device operating on commercial and / or industrial wireless networks, and the like. In the following description, the terms “station” , “station device” , “STA” , “terminal device” , “communication device” , “terminal” , “user equipment” and “UE” may be used interchangeably.
[0059] Principles and embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Reference is made to FIG. 1A, which illustrates an example communication network in which embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented. As illustrated in FIG. 1A, it relates to architecture enhancements to support ProSe multi-hop UE-to-network relay over new radio (NR) PC5 reference point, where multi-hop UE-to-network relay (s) are in coverage and out of coverage. Aspects such as support for single-hop relay discovery, selection, authorization, connection establishment and data transfer for ProSe UE-to-network relay may need to be enhanced to support multi-hop extensions.
[0060] Reference is also made to FIG. 1B, which illustrates another example communication network in which embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented. As illustrated in FIG. 1B, it relates to architecture enhancements to support ProSe multi-hop UE-to-UE relay over NR PC5 reference point, where it intends to support multi-hop UE-to-UE relays for in coverage and out of coverage operation. Aspects such as support for relay discovery, selection, authorization, connection establishment and data transfer for single hop ProSe UE-to-UE relay may need to be enhanced to support multi-hop extension.
[0061] It is to be understood that the number of network devices and terminal devices is only for the purpose of illustration without suggesting any limitations. The network may include any suitable number of network devices and terminal devices adapted for implementing embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0062] Communications in the communication network may be implemented according to any proper communication protocol (s) , comprising, but not limited to, cellular communication protocols of the first generation (1G) , the second generation (2G) , the third generation (3G) , the fourth generation (4G) and the fifth generation (5G) and on the like, wireless local network communication protocols such as Institute for Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 and the like, and / or any other protocols currently known or to be developed in the future. Moreover, the communication may utilize any proper wireless communication technology, comprising but not limited to: Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) , Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) , Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) , Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) , Time Division Duplex (TDD) , Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) , Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple (OFDM) , Discrete Fourier Transform spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) and / or any other technologies currently known or to be developed in the future.
[0063] 5G ProSe intermediate relay may be a 5G ProSe-enabled UE that provides functionality to support connectivity to the network for 5G ProSe remote UE (s) by using the PC5 reference point with other 5G ProSe-enabled UEs, the 5G ProSe intermediate relay is located on the path between 5G ProSe remote UE and 5G ProSe UE-to-network (U2N) relay. Generally, the solutions for the maximum intermediate relay / scope boundary control are based on hop count.
[0064] However, on the one hand, the hop count / number control may not be consistent with end-to-end (D2D) relay requirements in lawful / emergency cases. The regulation requires the time delay of the discovery procedure. For example, for the U2N relay case, some delay may be acceptable at the relay discovery procedure, but for UE-to-UE (U2U) relay use case for public safety, the relay discovery delay may not be acceptable, especially for solution that requires multi-hop relay discovery for each UE to UE communication.
[0065] On the other hand, delay is not only required during discovery procedure, it is also crucial to the D2D communication for the quality of service (QoS) control. For example, for packet delay budget (PDB) , a physical-layer quality indicator (PQI) adjustment factor may be used for the PC5 communication for the 5G ProSe layer-3 UE-to-network relay operation. Moreover, since the intermediate relays may have some path switchover / re-selection, the QoS of delay (i.e., PDB) may be changed and monitored during the switchover / re-selection phase.
[0066] Furthermore, the UEs may be time synchronized with the 5G clock. 5G system (5GS) is configured to operate based on IEEE Std 802.1AS and / or IEEE Std 1588 to work as a time aware system and operate as boundary clock and / or peer-to-peer (P2P) transparent clock of end-to-end (E2E) transparent clock.
[0067] As such, 5G access stratum-based time distribution may be distributed to the UE. This method may be used to either distribute the 5G timing to devices connected to a UE or to support the operation of the precision time protocol (PTP) (or generic PTP (gPTP) ) based time distribution method, where PTP (or gPTP) based time distribution provides timing among entities in a PTP (or gPTP) domain. Using these mechanisms, the UE discussed may be time synchronized.
[0068] The delay control with multiple intermediate relay hops may be difficult because of the following reasons.
[0069] First, the regulation requires the overall delay control but each and every relay hop may have different uncertainties.
[0070] Second, the time calculation may not be possible since different intermediate relay UEs may have different clock time. And there may be no normal time synchronization mechanism between these ProSe relay UEs.
[0071] Third, the enhancements mentioned above may not be supported by normal relay UEs, and the features mentioned above may need to tolerate the normal / limited UE capabilities.
[0072] Therefore, some embodiments of the present disclosure propose a solution for multi-hop ProSe, especially for boundary control and / or QoS control in multi-hop ProSe. The solution enables the delay control for the intermediate relay discovery / connection setup for multi-hopping UE-to-UE (U2U) and UE-to-network (U2N) cases.
[0073] As a result, first, the discovery delay control may not be relevant to the number of the relay UEs (i.e., hop count) . Second, for time synchronization among the participating UEs, the discovery delay control may not require the clock time be synchronized among the involved UEs. Moreover, the UE can be synchronized in case that the requested / other UE has accurate synchronized time with 1) reference time information (RTI) from next generation NodeB (gNodeB) , and / or 2) PTP (or gPTP) from the clock source (master clock, etc) . Third, the delay control may also be applied to other routing entities’ discovery procedure.
[0074] The proposed solution uses the combination (s) of multiple timestamps of respective UEs to cancel out the clock difference and the accumulation of the number of relay UE hops. Generally, two UEs may always take the following two steps before the communication.
[0075] The first step is the discovery procedure where two UEs exchange the connection parameters of each other, and time control is applied to ensure that the discovery procedure doesn’t exceed the regulatory threshold.
[0076] The second step is the link establishment procedure where two UEs have the direct communication request (DCR) / the direct communication accept (DCR) exchanged, and time control is applied to ensure the QoS of delay (i.e., PDB) can be assured through multiple hop relay UEs.
[0077] In this solution, a first terminal device may transmit, to a second terminal device, an announcement message for a multi-hop relay discovery. The announcement message comprises a configuration for multi-hop proximity based service (ProSe) . By implementing the example embodiments of the present disclosure, multi-hop ProSe can be supported.
[0078] For illustrative purposes, principles and example embodiments of the present disclosure will be described below with reference to FIG. 1A to FIG. 14. However, it is to be noted that these embodiments are given to enable the skilled in the art to understand inventive concepts of the present disclosure and implement the solution as proposed herein, and not intended to limit scope of the present application in any way.
[0079] FIG. 2 illustrates a first example of a process flow 200 in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. For ease of understanding, the process flow 200 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1A and 1B. It would be appreciated that although the process flow 200 has been described referring to the communication network of FIGS. 1A and 1B, this process flow 200 may be likewise applied to other similar communication scenarios.
[0080] As shown in FIG. 2, at 220, a first terminal device 202 may transmit, to a next hop terminal device (e.g., a second terminal device 204, or other terminal device between the first terminal device 202 and the third terminal device 206) , an announcement message 222 for a multi-hop relay discovery. The announcement message comprises a configuration for multi-hop proximity based service (ProSe) .
[0081] In some embodiments, the configuration is used for controlling a maximum number of hops supported in ProSe. Additionally or alternatively, in some embodiments, the configuration comprises: a quality of service (QoS) budget for controlling QoS and the QoS budget comprises a delay budget, a QoS setting for controlling QoS and the QoS setting comprises a delay setting, a QoS parameter for controlling QoS and the QoS parameter comprises a delay parameter, or any combination thereof.
[0082] Accordingly, at 226, the second terminal device 204 may receive a first announcement message 224 (e.g., the announcement message 222, or other announcement message from a previous hop terminal device) for a multi-hop relay discovery. The first announcement message 224 comprises a first configuration for multi-hop ProSe. Thereafter, at 228, the second terminal device 204 may determine a second configuration for multi-hop ProSe based on the first configuration and an adjustment value. In some embodiments, the adjustment value comprises a packet delay from the previous hop terminal device to the second terminal device and a packet processing time at the second terminal device.
[0083] Optionally, in some embodiments, at 230, the second terminal device 204 may transmit, to a next hop terminal device (e.g., a third terminal device 206, or other terminal device between the second terminal device 204 and the third terminal device 206) , a second announcement message 232 for a multi-hop relay discovery based on determining that the second configuration does not exceed a first threshold. The second announcement message comprises the second configuration.
[0084] Accordingly, at 236, the third terminal device 206 may receive an announcement message 234 (e.g., the second announcement message 232, or other announcement message from a previous hop terminal device) for a multi-hop relay discovery. The announcement message 234 comprises another configuration (e.g., the second configuration or other configuration in the other announcement message) for multi-hop proximity based service (ProSe) .
[0085] Thereafter, at 240, the third terminal device 206 may determine whether to establish a link with the first terminal device 202 based on the another configuration (e.g., the second configuration or other configuration in the other announcement message) .
[0086] In some embodiments, the third terminal device is a last hop terminal device for ProSe, and when determining whether to establish the link with the first terminal device at 240, the third terminal device may determine to establish the link with the first terminal device based on determining that the another configuration does not exceed a second threshold, or determine not to establish the link with the first terminal device based on determining that the another configuration exceeds the second threshold.
[0087] In some embodiments, the first terminal device comprises a UE-to-network relay for ProSe, the second terminal device comprises an intermediate UE-to-network relay for ProSe, and the third terminal device comprises or a remote UE. Alternatively, in some embodiments, the first terminal device comprises a UE-to-UE relay for ProSe, the second terminal device comprises a UE-to-UE relay for ProSe, and the third terminal device comprises an end UE.
[0088] FIG. 3 illustrates a second example of a process flow 300 in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. For ease of understanding, the process flow 300 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1A and 1B. It would be appreciated that although the process flow 300 has been described referring to the communication network 100 of FIGS. 1A and 1B, this process flow 300 may be likewise applied to other similar communication scenarios.
[0089] As shown in FIG. 3, at 320, a first terminal device 302 may transmit, to a next hop terminal device (e.g., a second terminal device 304, or other terminal device between the first terminal device 302 and the third terminal device 306) , a request 322. The request comprises a time budget for multi-hop proximity based service (ProSe) .
[0090] In some embodiments, the time budget is used for controlling a maximum number of hops supported in ProSe, or the time budget comprises a quality of service (QoS) budget for controlling QoS.
[0091] Accordingly, at 326, the second terminal device 304 may receive a first request 324 (e.g., the request 322, or other request from a previous hop terminal device) . The first request 324 comprises a first time budget for multi-hop ProSe. Thereafter, at 330, the second terminal device 304 may transmit, to a next hop terminal device (e.g., a third terminal device 306, or other terminal device between the second terminal device 304 and the third terminal device 306) a second request 332. The second request comprises a second time budget for multi-hop ProSe determined based on the first time budget and an adjustment value.
[0092] In some embodiment, the adjustment value comprises a packet delay from the previous hop terminal device to the second terminal device and a packet processing time at the second terminal device.
[0093] In some embodiments, the second terminal device may further determine a first local time t1 of the second terminal device when the first request is received by the second terminal device. In some embodiments, the second terminal device may further include the first local time t1 in the second request in combination with an identity of the second terminal device, or recording the first local time t1 locally.
[0094] Accordingly, at 336, the third terminal device 306 may receive a last hop request 334 (e.g., the second request 332, or other request from a previous hop terminal device) . The last hop request comprises another time budget (e.g., the second time budget or other time budget) for multi-hop ProSe.
[0095] Thereafter, at 340, the third terminal device 306 may transmit a last hop response 342 (e.g., a second response 344 or other response) based on determining that the another time budget (e.g., the second time budget or the other time budget) is allowable. The last hop response comprises the second time budget or the other time budget.
[0096] In some embodiments, the third terminal device is a last hop terminal device for ProSe, and the last hop response further comprises T1 and T2, and T1 is a first local time of the third terminal device when the last hop request is received by the third terminal device, and T2 is a second local time of the third terminal device when the last hop response is transmitted by the third terminal device. In some embodiments, the third terminal device may further include the first local time T1 and the second local time T2 in the last hop response.
[0097] In some embodiments, the third terminal device is time synchronized, and the third terminal device may further include a tag in the last hop response. The tag indicates that the third terminal device is time synchronized.
[0098] Optionally and accordingly, in some embodiments, at 346, the second terminal device 304 may receive a second response 344 (e.g., the last hop response 342, or other response from a previous hop terminal device) . The second response comprises the second time budget. Optionally and thereafter, in some embodiments, at 350, the second terminal device may transmit a first response 352 based on determining that the second time budget is allowable.
[0099] In some embodiments, the second response further comprises the following.
[0100] 1) The first local time t1 in combination with the identity of the second terminal device,
[0101] 2) t1’ in combination with an identity of the previous hop terminal device, t1’ is a local time of the previous hop terminal device when the corresponding response is received by the previous hop terminal device, and
[0102] 3) t2’, t2’ is a local time of the previous hop terminal device when the second response is transmitted by the previous hop terminal device.
[0103] In some embodiments, the second terminal device may further determine a second local time t2 of the second terminal device when the first response is transmitted by the second terminal device. In some embodiments, the second terminal device may further determine the first local time t1 in the second response based on the identity of the second terminal device, or recover the first local time t1 from context information of the second terminal device. In some embodiments, the second terminal device may include the first local time t1 and the second local time t2 in the first response.
[0104] In some embodiments, the second terminal device is not time synchronized, and the second terminal device may further determine a tag in the second response, the tag indicates that the previous hop terminal device is time synchronized. In some embodiments, the second terminal device may synchronize its time to the previous hop terminal device by: adjusting a time offset at t3 by (t4 –t3) - (t2’-t1’) , adjusting a time offset at t4 by (t4 –t3) - (t2’-t1’) , t3 is a first local time of the second terminal device when the second request is transmitted by the second terminal device, and t4 is a second local time of the second terminal device when the second response is received by the second terminal device.
[0105] In some embodiments, the second terminal device is time synchronized, and the second terminal device may further include a tag in the first response, the tag indicates that the second terminal device is time synchronized.
[0106] Accordingly, at 356, the first terminal device 302 may receive a response 354 (e.g., the first response 352, or other response from a previous hop terminal device) . The response comprises the time budget for multi-hop ProSe, and the time budget is allowed by the previous hop terminal device.
[0107] In some embodiments, the response further comprises T1 and T2, and T1 is a first local time of the third terminal device when the last hop request is received by the third terminal device, and T2 is a second local time of the third terminal device when the last hop response is transmitted by the third terminal device.
[0108] In some embodiments, the first terminal device may determine a packet delay for route selection of the first terminal device based on: (t*-t) – (T2 –T1) , t is a sending time of the first request at the first terminal device, and t*is a reception time of the first response at the first terminal device.
[0109] In some embodiments, the request, the first request, the second request, or the last hop request comprises a solicitation message for a multi-hop relay discovery, and the response, the first response, the second response, or the last hop response comprises a response message for a multi-hop relay discovery.
[0110] Alternatively, in some embodiments, the request, the first request, the second request, or the last hop request comprises a request message for link establishment, and the response, the first response, the second response, or the last hop response comprises a response message for link establishment.
[0111] In some embodiments, the first terminal device comprises a remote UE, the second terminal device comprises an intermediate UE-to-network relay for ProSe, and the third terminal device comprises a UE-to-network relay for ProSe. Alternatively, in some embodiments, the first terminal device comprises an end UE, the second terminal device comprises a UE-to-UE relay for ProSe, and the third terminal device comprises a UE-to-UE relay for ProSe.
[0112] FIG. 4 illustrates an example 5G ProSe multi-hop relay discovery 400 with Model A in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0113] For Model A, intermediate relay (I-R) UE (e.g., I-R UE-1 404-1 or I-R UE-2 404-2, acting as a monitoring remote UE) may use the enhanced delay budget in the announcement message (e.g., 420 or 430) to control the boundary of the discovery.
[0114] The last hop U2N relay 402 (in U2N case) (or I-R UE in U2U case) may transmit the discovery announcement 420 with the delay budget (as per regulation, application requirements, etc) .
[0115] Thereafter, any intermediate relay (I-R) UE (e.g., I-R UE-1 404-1 or I-R UE-2 404-2) may adjust the delay budget, and determine the following.
[0116] 1) Stop the discovery if the budget has run out, this defines the discovery boundary, or
[0117] 2) forward the consequent announcement 430 or 440 with a new delay budget (i.e., the adjusted delay budget or the further adjusted delay budget) .
[0118] Thereafter, the remote UE-3 406 (in U2N case) (or end UE in U2U case) may determine whether to use the I-R announcement 440 for link establishment based on the delay budget received.
[0119] FIG. 5 illustrates an example 5G ProSe multi-hop relay discovery 500 with Model B in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0120] For Model B, discoverer UE 502 may include the time budget in the solicitation message 520.
[0121] Like in Model A, the time budget in the solicitation message 520, 530, and 540 may be used by the I-R UE-1 504-1, I-R UE-2 504-2, and the last hop UE-3 506 respectively to decide the boundary of the solicitation message.
[0122] Thereafter, the discovery response 550 is only available when the adjusted time budget is allowable for the last hop UE-3 506. And the discovery response 560 is only available when the time budget is allowable for the IR UE-2 504-2.
[0123] In FIG. 5, T1 is the UE-3 local time when the solicitation message 540 is received by the UE-3 506, and T2 is the UE-3 local time when the discovery response 550 is transmitted by the UE-3 506.
[0124] Moreover, t1 is the UE-2 local time when the solicitation message 530 is received by the UE-2 504-2, and t2 is the UE-2 local time when the discovery response 560 is transmitted by the UE-2 504-2. Moreover, t3 is the UE-2 local time when the solicitation message 540 is transmitted by the UE-2 504-2, and t4 is the UE-2 local time when the discovery response 550 is received by the UE-2 504-2.NOTE of backward compatibility
[0125] The I-R UE-1 504-1 may perform the message forwarding but doesn’t need to have the capability of adjusting the time budget (which may due to the limited clock capabilities, etc) . As such, the I-R UE-2 504-2 may transparently handle the budget adjustments and perform the following logic.
[0126] 1) The UE-2 504-2 may realize that the solicitation message 530 does not have any adjustments (by update tags, etc) , and the UE-2 504-2 may include t1 (i.e., the UE-2 local time when the solicitation message 530 is received by the UE-2 504-2) in the solicitation message 540 (or record t1 locally when the transaction is stateful) .
[0127] 2) When the UE-2 504-2 receives the discovery response 550 which has t1 (or recovers t1 from its stateful context, it may include t2 (i.e., the UE-2 local time when the discovery response 560 is transmitted by the UE-2 504-2) in the discovery response 560 to the discoverer UE 502 (through transparent forwarding UE-1 504-1) .
[0128] Since the discoverer UE 502 knows t (i.e., the sending time of the solicitation message 520 at the discoverer UE 502) and t* (i.e., reception time of the discovery response 560 at the discoverer UE 502) , the delay adjustment of the UE-1 504-1 may be calculated as follows (that is, the packet delay for route selection of the discoverer UE 502 may be determined based on the following) : Delay (UE-1) = (t*-t) – (T2 -T1)
[0129] When the UE-3 506 replies to the UE-2 504-2 with timestamp (s) with an extra tag that it is synchronized either by 1) RTI and / or 2) PTP (or gPTP) , the UE-2 504-2 may synchronize its time to the UE-3 506 by the following. 1) The time offset at the UE-2 local time t3 may be adjusted by: (t4 –t3) - (t2’-t1’) , 2) The time offset at the UE-2 local time t4 may be adjusted by: (t4 –t3) - (t2’-t1’) .
[0130] Where t1’ is a local time of the UE-3 when the solicitation message 540 is received by the UE-3 506, and t2’ is a local time of the UE-3 when the discovery response 550 is transmitted by the UE-3 506.Link establishment time control
[0131] FIG. 6 illustrates an example 5G ProSe link establishment communication via multi-hop relays in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0132] To ensure the QoS of delay (i.e., PDB) , the link establishment procedure may take the measurements before the communication begins. And the measurements may also be measured by multiple I-R relays which can’t take any measurements (like the relay-1 604-1 and the relay-2 604-2 in FIG. 6) .
[0133] As illustrated in FIG. 6, it takes cascade / chained link establishment. This means: the link 680-1 between the UE-1 602 and the relay-1 604-1 is established only when relay-1 604-1 and relay-2 604-2 has link 680-2 established, and the link 680-2 between relay-1 604-1 and relay-2 604-2 is established only when relay-2 604-2 and UE-2 606 has link 680-3 established.
[0134] For FIG. 6, the UE-1 602 may perform authorization and provisioning at 610-1, the relay-1 604-1 and the relay-2 604-2 may perform authorization and provisioning at 610-2, and the UE-2 606 may perform authorization and provisioning at 610-3. Thereafter, the UE-1 602, the relay-1 604-1, the relay-2 604-2, and the UE-2 606 may perform discovery procedure 615.
[0135] Moreover, for FIG. 6, the UE-1 602 may include the time budget in the direct communication request (DCR) 620 (or the link modification request (LMR) 620) .
[0136] Like in Model A, the time budget in the DCR 620, 630, and 640 (or the LMR 620, 630, and 640) may be used by the relay-1 604-1, relay-2 604-2, and the UE-2 606 respectively to decide the boundary of the request message.
[0137] Thereafter, the direct communication accept (DCA) 650 (or the link modification accept (LMA) 620) is only available when the adjusted time budget is allowable for the UE-2 606. And the DCA 660 (or the LMA 660) is only available when the time budget is allowable for the relay-2 604-2. And the DCA 670 (or the LMA 670) is only available when the time budget is allowable for the relay-1 604-1.
[0138] In FIG. 6, T1 is the UE-2 local time when the DCR 640 (or the LMR 640) is received by the UE-2 606, and T2 is the UE-2 local time when the DCA 650 (or the LMA 650) is transmitted by the UE-2 606.
[0139] Moreover, t1 is the relay-2 local time when the DCR 630 (or the LMR 630) is received by the relay-2 604-2, and t2 is the relay-2 local time when the DCA 660 (or the LMA 660) is transmitted by the relay-2 604-2. Moreover, t3 is the relay-2 local time when the DCR 640 (or LMR 640) is transmitted by the relay-2 604-2, and t4 is the relay-2 local time when the DCA 650 (or LMA 650) is received by the relay-2 604-2.
[0140] Similar to NOTE of backward compatibility above, the packet delay over the air (OTA) between UE-1 602 and UE-2 606 may be estimated by the following: (t*-t) - (T2 -T1)
[0141] It should be noted that t and t*in UE-1 602 may be stored locally if it is a stateful context.
[0142] When the UE-2 606 replies to the relay-2 604-2 with timestamp (s) with an extra tag that it is synchronized either by 1) RTI and / or 2) PTP (or gPTP) , the relay-2 604-2 may synchronize its time to the UE-2 606 by the following. 1) The time offset at the relay-2 local time t3 may be adjusted by: (t4 –t3) - (t2’-t1’) , 2) The time offset at the relay-2 local time t4 may be adjusted by: (t4 –t3) - (t2’-t1’) .
[0143] Where t1’ is a local time of the UE-2 when the DCR 640 (or the LMR 640) is received by the UE-2, and t2’ is a local time of the UE-2 when the DCA 650 (or the LMA 650) is transmitted by the UE-2.
[0144] FIG. 7 illustrates a flowchart of an example method 700 implemented at a first terminal device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For ease of understanding, the method 700 will be described from the perspective of the first terminal device 202 with reference to FIG. 2.
[0145] At block 710, the first terminal device may transmit, to a second terminal device, an announcement message for a multi-hop relay discovery, wherein the announcement message comprises a configuration for multi-hop proximity based service (ProSe) .
[0146] In some embodiments, the configuration is used for controlling a maximum number of hops supported in ProSe. Additionally or alternatively, in some embodiments, the configuration comprises at least one of: a quality of service (QoS) budget for controlling QoS, and the QoS budget comprises a delay budget; a QoS setting for controlling QoS, and the QoS setting comprises a delay setting; or a QoS parameter for controlling QoS, and the QoS parameter comprises a delay parameter.
[0147] In some embodiments, the first terminal device comprises a user equipment (UE) -to-network relay for ProSe, and the second terminal device comprises an intermediate UE-to-network relay for ProSe. Alternatively, in some embodiments, the first terminal device comprises a UE-to-UE relay for ProSe, and the second terminal device comprises a UE-to-UE relay for ProSe.
[0148] FIG. 8 illustrates a flowchart of an example method 800 implemented at a second terminal device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For ease of understanding, the method 800 will be described from the perspective of the second terminal device 204 with reference to FIG. 2.
[0149] At block 810, the second terminal device may receive, from a first terminal device, a first announcement message for a multi-hop relay discovery, wherein the first announcement message comprises a first configuration for multi-hop proximity based service (ProSe) . At block 820, the second terminal device may determine a second configuration for multi-hop ProSe based on the first configuration and an adjustment value.
[0150] In some embodiments, the adjustment value comprises a packet delay from the first terminal device to the second terminal device and a packet processing time at the second terminal device.
[0151] In some embodiments, the second terminal device may further transmit, to a third terminal device, a second announcement message for a multi-hop relay discovery based on determining that the second configuration does not exceed a first threshold, wherein the second announcement message comprises the second configuration.
[0152] In some embodiments, the configuration is used for controlling a maximum number of hops supported in ProSe. Additionally or alternatively, in some embodiments, the configuration comprises at least one of: a quality of service (QoS) budget for controlling QoS, and the QoS budget comprises a delay budget; a QoS setting for controlling QoS, and the QoS setting comprises a delay setting; or a QoS parameter for controlling QoS, and the QoS parameter comprises a delay parameter.
[0153] In some embodiments, the first terminal device comprises a UE-to-network relay for ProSe or an intermediate UE-to-network relay for ProSe, the second terminal device comprises an intermediate UE-to-network relay for ProSe, and the third terminal device comprises an intermediate UE-to-network relay for ProSe or a remote UE. Alternatively, in some embodiments, the first terminal device comprises a UE-to-UE relay for ProSe, the second terminal device comprises a UE-to-UE relay for ProSe, and the third terminal device comprises a UE-to-UE relay for ProSe or an end UE.
[0154] FIG. 9 illustrates a flowchart of an example method 900 implemented at a third terminal device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For ease of understanding, the method 900 will be described from the perspective of the third terminal device 206 with reference to FIG. 2.
[0155] At 910, the third terminal device may receive, from a second terminal device, a second announcement message for a multi-hop relay discovery, wherein the second announcement message comprises a second configuration for multi-hop proximity based service (ProSe) . At 920, the third terminal device may determine whether to establish a link with a first terminal device based on the second configuration.
[0156] In some embodiments, the third terminal device is a last hop terminal device for ProSe, and when determining whether to establish the link with the first terminal device, the third terminal device may determine to establish the link with the first terminal device based on determining that the second configuration does not exceed a second threshold, or determine not to establish the link with the first terminal device based on determining that the second configuration exceeds the second threshold.
[0157] In some embodiments, the configuration is used for controlling a maximum number of hops supported in ProSe. Additionally or alternatively, in some embodiments, the configuration comprises at least one of: a quality of service (QoS) budget for controlling QoS, and the QoS budget comprises a delay budget; a QoS setting for controlling QoS, and the QoS setting comprises a delay setting; or a QoS parameter for controlling QoS, and the QoS parameter comprises a delay parameter.
[0158] In some embodiments, the first terminal device comprises a UE-to-network relay for ProSe, the second terminal device comprises an intermediate UE-to-network relay for ProSe, and the third terminal device comprises a remote UE. Alternatively, in some embodiments, the first terminal device comprises a UE-to-UE relay for ProSe, the second terminal device comprises a UE-to-UE relay for ProSe, and the third terminal device comprises an end UE.
[0159] FIG. 10 illustrates a flowchart of an example method 1000 implemented at a first terminal device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For ease of understanding, the method 1000 will be described from the perspective of the first terminal device 302 with reference to FIG. 3.
[0160] At block 1010, the first terminal device may transmit, to a second terminal device, a first request, wherein the first request comprises a first time budget for multi-hop proximity based service (ProSe) . At block 1020, the first terminal device may receive, from the second terminal device, a first response, wherein the first response comprises a second time budget for multi-hop ProSe, and the second time budget is allowed by the second terminal device.
[0161] In some embodiments, the first response further comprises T1 and T2, and wherein T1 is a first local time of a last hop terminal device for ProSe when a request corresponds to the first request is received by the last hop terminal device, and T2 is a second local time of the last hop terminal device when a response corresponds to the first response is transmitted by the last hop terminal device.
[0162] In some embodiments, the first terminal device may further determine a packet delay for route selection of the first terminal device based on the following: (t*-t) – (T2 –T1) , wherein t is a sending time of the first request at the first terminal device, and t*is a reception time of the first response at the first terminal device.
[0163] In some embodiments, the first request comprises a solicitation message for a multi-hop relay discovery, and the first response comprises a response message for a multi-hop relay discovery. Alternatively, in some embodiments, the first request comprises a request message for link establishment, and the first response comprises a response message for link establishment.
[0164] In some embodiments, the time budget is used for controlling a maximum number of hops supported in ProSe; or the time budget comprises a quality of service (QoS) budget for controlling QoS.
[0165] In some embodiments, the first terminal device comprises a remote UE, and the second terminal device comprises an intermediate UE-to-network relay for ProSe; or the first terminal device comprises an end UE, and the second terminal device comprises a UE-to-UE relay for ProSe.
[0166] FIG. 11 illustrates a flowchart of an example method 1100 implemented at a second terminal device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For ease of understanding, the method 1100 will be described from the perspective of the second terminal device 304 with reference to FIG. 3.
[0167] At 1110, the second terminal device may receive, from a first terminal device, a first request, wherein the first request comprises a first time budget for multi-hop proximity based service (ProSe) . At 1120, the second terminal device may transmit, to a third terminal device, a second request, wherein the second request comprises a second time budget for multi-hop ProSe determined based on the first time budget and an adjustment value.
[0168] In some embodiments, the adjustment value comprises a packet delay from the first terminal device to the second terminal device and a packet processing time at the second terminal device.
[0169] In some embodiments, the second terminal device may further determine a first local time t1 of the second terminal device when the first request is received by the second terminal device; and include the first local time t1 in the second request in combination with an identity of the second terminal device, or recording the first local time t1 locally.
[0170] In some embodiments, the second terminal device may further receive, from the third terminal device, a second response, wherein the second response comprises the second time budget; and transmit, to the first terminal device, a first response based on determining that the second time budget is allowable.
[0171] In some embodiments, the second response further comprises the following: the first local time t1 in combination with the identity of the second terminal device, t1’ in combination with an identity of the third terminal device, wherein t1’ is a local time of the third terminal device when the second request is received by the third terminal device, and t2’, wherein t2’ is a local time of the third terminal device when the second response is transmitted by the third terminal device, and the second terminal device may further determine a second local time t2 of the second terminal device when the first response is transmitted by the second terminal device; determine the first local time t1 in the second response based on the identity of the second terminal device, or recovering the first local time t1 from context information of the second terminal device; and include the first local time t1 and the second local time t2 in the first response.
[0172] In some embodiments, the second terminal device is not time synchronized, and the second terminal device may further determine a tag in the second response, wherein the tag indicates that the third terminal device is time synchronized; and synchronize its time to the third terminal device by: adjusting a time offset at t3 by: (t4 –t3) - (t2’-t1’) , adjusting a time offset at t4 by: (t4 –t3) - (t2’-t1’) , wherein t3 is a first local time of the second terminal device when the second request is transmitted by the second terminal device, and t4 is a second local time of the second terminal device when the second response is received by the second terminal device.
[0173] In some embodiments, the second terminal device is time synchronized, and the second terminal device is further caused to: include a tag in the first response, wherein the tag indicates that the second terminal device is time synchronized.
[0174] In some embodiments, the first request and the second request comprise a solicitation message for a multi-hop relay discovery, and the first response and the second response comprise a response message for a multi-hop relay discovery.
[0175] In some embodiments, the first request and the second request comprise a request message for link establishment, and the first response and the second response comprise a response message for link establishment.
[0176] In some embodiments, at least one of the following: the time budget is used for controlling a maximum number of hops supported in ProSe; or the time budget comprises a quality of service (QoS) budget for controlling QoS.
[0177] In some embodiments, the first terminal device comprises a remote UE or an intermediate UE-to-network relay for ProSe, the second terminal device comprises an intermediate UE-to-network relay for ProSe, and the third terminal device comprises an intermediate UE-to-network relay for ProSe or a UE-to-network relay for ProSe.
[0178] Alternatively, in some embodiments, the first terminal device comprises an end UE or a UE-to-UE relay for ProSe, the second terminal device comprises a UE-to-UE relay for ProSe, and the third terminal device comprises a UE-to-UE relay for ProSe.
[0179] FIG. 12 illustrates a flowchart of an example method 1200 implemented at a third terminal device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For ease of understanding, the method 1200 will be described from the perspective of the third terminal device 306 with reference to FIG. 3.
[0180] At block 1210, the third terminal device may receive, from a second terminal device, a second request, wherein the second request comprises a second time budget for multi-hop proximity based service (ProSe) . At block 1220, the third terminal device may transmit, to the second terminal device, a second response based on determining that the second time budget is allowable, wherein the second response comprises the second time budget.
[0181] In some embodiments, the third terminal device is a last hop terminal device for ProSe, and the second response further comprises T1 and T2, and wherein T1 is a first local time of the third terminal device when the second request is received by the third terminal device, and T2 is a second local time of the third terminal device when the second response is transmitted by the third terminal device.
[0182] In some embodiments, the third terminal device may further include the first local time T1 and the second local time T2 in the second response.
[0183] In some embodiments, the third terminal device is time synchronized, and the third terminal device may further include a tag in the second response, wherein the tag indicates that the third terminal device is time synchronized.
[0184] In some embodiments, the second request comprises a solicitation message for a multi-hop relay discovery, and the second response comprises a response message for a multi-hop relay discovery. Alternatively, in some embodiments, the second request comprise a request message for link establishment, and the second response comprise a response message for link establishment.
[0185] In some embodiments, at least one of the following: the time budget is used for controlling a maximum number of hops supported in ProSe; or the time budget comprises a quality of service (QoS) budget for controlling QoS.
[0186] In some embodiments, the second terminal device comprises an intermediate UE-to-network relay for proximity based service (ProSe) , and the third terminal device comprises a UE-to-network relay for ProSe. Alternatively, in some embodiments, the second terminal device comprises a UE-to-UE relay for ProSe, and the third terminal device comprises a UE-to-UE relay for ProSe.
[0187] In some embodiments, an apparatus capable of performing any of the method 700 (for example, the first terminal device 202) may comprise means for performing the respective steps of the method 700. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module.
[0188] In some embodiments, the apparatus comprises means for transmitting, to a second terminal device, an announcement message for a multi-hop relay discovery, wherein the announcement message comprises a configuration for multi-hop proximity based service (ProSe) .
[0189] In some embodiments, the configuration is used for controlling a maximum number of hops supported in ProSe. Additionally or alternatively, in some embodiments, the configuration comprises at least one of: a quality of service (QoS) budget for controlling QoS, and the QoS budget comprises a delay budget; a QoS setting for controlling QoS, and the QoS setting comprises a delay setting; or a QoS parameter for controlling QoS, and the QoS parameter comprises a delay parameter.
[0190] In some embodiments, the apparatus comprises a user equipment (UE) -to-network relay for ProSe, and the second terminal device comprises an intermediate UE-to-network relay for ProSe. Alternatively, in some embodiments, the apparatus comprises a UE-to-UE relay for ProSe, and the second terminal device comprises a UE-to-UE relay for ProSe.
[0191] In some embodiments, an apparatus capable of performing any of the method 800 (for example, the second terminal device 204) may comprise means for performing the respective steps of the method 800. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module.
[0192] In some embodiments, the apparatus comprises the means for receiving, from a first terminal device, a first announcement message for a multi-hop relay discovery, wherein the first announcement message comprises a first configuration for multi-hop proximity based service (ProSe) ; and means for determining a second configuration for multi-hop ProSe based on the first configuration and an adjustment value.
[0193] In some embodiments, the adjustment value comprises a packet delay from the first terminal device to the apparatus and a packet processing time at the apparatus.
[0194] In some embodiments, the apparatus may further comprise means for transmitting, to a third terminal device, a second announcement message for a multi-hop relay discovery based on determining that the second configuration does not exceed a first threshold, wherein the second announcement message comprises the second configuration.
[0195] In some embodiments, the configuration is used for controlling a maximum number of hops supported in ProSe. Additionally or alternatively, in some embodiments, the configuration comprises at least one of: a quality of service (QoS) budget for controlling QoS, and the QoS budget comprises a delay budget; a QoS setting for controlling QoS, and the QoS setting comprises a delay setting; or a QoS parameter for controlling QoS, and the QoS parameter comprises a delay parameter.
[0196] In some embodiments, the first terminal device comprises a UE-to-network relay for ProSe or an intermediate UE-to-network relay for ProSe, the apparatus comprises an intermediate UE-to-network relay for ProSe, and the third terminal device comprises an intermediate UE-to-network relay for ProSe or a remote UE. Alternatively, in some embodiments, the first terminal device comprises a UE-to-UE relay for ProSe, the apparatus comprises a UE-to-UE relay for ProSe, and the third terminal device comprises a UE-to-UE relay for ProSe or an end UE.
[0197] In some embodiments, an apparatus capable of performing any of the method 900 (for example, the third terminal device 206) may comprise means for performing the respective steps of the method 900. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module.
[0198] In some embodiments, the apparatus comprises means for receiving, from a second terminal device, a second announcement message for a multi-hop relay discovery, wherein the second announcement message comprises a second configuration for multi-hop proximity based service (ProSe) ; and means for determining whether to establish a link with a first terminal device based on the second configuration.
[0199] In some embodiments, the apparatus is a last hop terminal device for ProSe, and when determining whether to establish the link with the first terminal device, the apparatus comprises the means for determining to establish the link with the first terminal device based on determining that the second configuration does not exceed a second threshold, or means for determining not to establish the link with the first terminal device based on determining that the second configuration exceeds the second threshold.
[0200] In some embodiments, the configuration is used for controlling a maximum number of hops supported in ProSe. Additionally or alternatively, in some embodiments, the configuration comprises at least one of: a quality of service (QoS) budget for controlling QoS, and the QoS budget comprises a delay budget; a QoS setting for controlling QoS, and the QoS setting comprises a delay setting; or a QoS parameter for controlling QoS, and the QoS parameter comprises a delay parameter.
[0201] In some embodiments, the first terminal device comprises a UE-to-network relay for ProSe, the second terminal device comprises an intermediate UE-to-network relay for ProSe, and the apparatus comprises a remote UE. Alternatively, in some embodiments, the first terminal device comprises a UE-to-UE relay for ProSe, the second terminal device comprises a UE-to-UE relay for ProSe, and the apparatus comprises an end UE.
[0202] In some embodiments, an apparatus capable of performing any of the method 1000 (for example, the first terminal device 302) may comprise means for performing the respective steps of the method 1000. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module.
[0203] In some embodiments, the apparatus comprise means for means for transmitting, to a second terminal device, a first request, wherein the first request comprises a first time budget for multi-hop proximity based service (ProSe) ; and means for receiving, from the second terminal device, a first response, wherein the first response comprises a second time budget for multi-hop ProSe, and the second time budget is allowed by the second terminal device.
[0204] In some embodiments, the first response further comprises T1 and T2, and wherein T1 is a first local time of a last hop terminal device for ProSe when a request corresponds to the first request is received by the last hop terminal device, and T2 is a second local time of the last hop terminal device when a response corresponds to the first response is transmitted by the last hop terminal device.
[0205] In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises means for determining a packet delay for route selection of the apparatus based on the following: (t*-t) – (T2 –T1) , wherein t is a sending time of the first request at the apparatus, and t*is a reception time of the first response at the apparatus.
[0206] In some embodiments, the first request comprises a solicitation message for a multi-hop relay discovery, and the first response comprises a response message for a multi-hop relay discovery. Alternatively, in some embodiments, the first request comprises a request message for link establishment, and the first response comprises a response message for link establishment.
[0207] In some embodiments, the time budget is used for controlling a maximum number of hops supported in ProSe; or the time budget comprises a quality of service (QoS) budget for controlling QoS.
[0208] In some embodiments, the apparatus comprises a remote UE, and the second terminal device comprises an intermediate UE-to-network relay for ProSe; or the apparatus comprises an end UE, and the second terminal device comprises a UE-to-UE relay for ProSe.
[0209] In some embodiments, an apparatus capable of performing any of the method 1100 (for example, the second terminal device 304) may comprise means for performing the respective steps of the method 1100. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module.
[0210] In some embodiments, the apparatus comprises the means for receiving, from a first terminal device, a first request, wherein the first request comprises a first time budget for multi-hop proximity based service (ProSe) ; and means for transmitting, to a third terminal device, a second request, wherein the second request comprises a second time budget for multi-hop ProSe determined based on the first time budget and an adjustment value.
[0211] In some embodiments, the adjustment value comprises a packet delay from the first terminal device to the apparatus and a packet processing time at the apparatus.
[0212] In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises means for determining a first local time t1 of the apparatus when the first request is received by the apparatus; and include the first local time t1 in the second request in combination with an identity of the apparatus, or recording the first local time t1 locally.
[0213] In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises means for receiving, from the third terminal device, a second response, wherein the second response comprises the second time budget; and transmit, to the first terminal device, a first response based on determining that the second time budget is allowable.
[0214] In some embodiments, the second response further comprises the following: the first local time t1 in combination with the identity of the apparatus, t1’ in combination with an identity of the third terminal device, wherein t1’ is a local time of the third terminal device when the second request is received by the third terminal device, and t2’, wherein t2’ is a local time of the third terminal device when the second response is transmitted by the third terminal device, and the apparatus further comprises means for determining a second local time t2 of the apparatus when the first response is transmitted by the apparatus; means for determining the first local time t1 in the second response based on the identity of the apparatus, or recovering the first local time t1 from context information of the apparatus; and include the first local time t1 and the second local time t2 in the first response.
[0215] In some embodiments, the apparatus is not time synchronized, and the apparatus further comprises means for determining a tag in the second response, wherein the tag indicates that the third terminal device is time synchronized; and synchronize its time to the third terminal device by: adjusting a time offset at t3 by: (t4 –t3) - (t2’-t1’) , adjusting a time offset at t4 by: (t4 –t3) - (t2’-t1’) , wherein t3 is a first local time of the apparatus when the second request is transmitted by the apparatus, and t4 is a second local time of the apparatus when the second response is received by the apparatus.
[0216] In some embodiments, the apparatus is time synchronized, and the apparatus further comprises means for including a tag in the first response, wherein the tag indicates that the apparatus is time synchronized.
[0217] In some embodiments, the first request and the second request comprise a solicitation message for a multi-hop relay discovery, and the first response and the second response comprise a response message for a multi-hop relay discovery.
[0218] In some embodiments, the first request and the second request comprise a request message for link establishment, and the first response and the second response comprise a response message for link establishment.
[0219] In some embodiments, at least one of the following: the time budget is used for controlling a maximum number of hops supported in ProSe; or the time budget comprises a quality of service (QoS) budget for controlling QoS.
[0220] In some embodiments, the first terminal device comprises a remote UE or an intermediate UE-to-network relay for ProSe, the apparatus comprises an intermediate UE-to-network relay for ProSe, and the third terminal device comprises an intermediate UE-to-network relay for ProSe or a UE-to-network relay for ProSe.
[0221] Alternatively, in some embodiments, the first terminal device comprises an end UE or a UE-to-UE relay for ProSe, the apparatus comprises a UE-to-UE relay for ProSe, and the third terminal device comprises a UE-to-UE relay for ProSe.
[0222] In some embodiments, an apparatus capable of performing any of the method 1200 (for example, the third terminal device 306) may comprise means for performing the respective steps of the method 1200. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module.
[0223] In some embodiments, the apparatus comprises means for receiving, from a second terminal device, a second request, wherein the second request comprises a second time budget for multi-hop proximity based service (ProSe) ; and means for transmitting, to the second terminal device, a second response based on determining that the second time budget is allowable, wherein the second response comprises the second time budget.
[0224] In some embodiments, the apparatus is a last hop terminal device for ProSe, and the second response further comprises T1 and T2, and wherein T1 is a first local time of the apparatus when the second request is received by the apparatus, and T2 is a second local time of the apparatus when the second response is transmitted by the apparatus.
[0225] In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises means for including the first local time T1 and the second local time T2 in the second response.
[0226] In some embodiments, the apparatus is time synchronized, and the apparatus further comprises means for including a tag in the second response, wherein the tag indicates that the apparatus is time synchronized.
[0227] In some embodiments, the second request comprises a solicitation message for a multi-hop relay discovery, and the second response comprises a response message for a multi-hop relay discovery. Alternatively, in some embodiments, the second request comprise a request message for link establishment, and the second response comprise a response message for link establishment.
[0228] In some embodiments, at least one of the following: the time budget is used for controlling a maximum number of hops supported in ProSe; or the time budget comprises a quality of service (QoS) budget for controlling QoS.
[0229] In some embodiments, the second terminal device comprises an intermediate UE-to-network relay for proximity based service (ProSe) , and the apparatus comprises a UE-to-network relay for ProSe. Alternatively, in some embodiments, the second terminal device comprises a UE-to-UE relay for ProSe, and the apparatus comprises a UE-to-UE relay for ProSe.
[0230] FIG. 13 illustrates a simplified block diagram of a device 1300 that is suitable for implementing some example embodiments of the present disclosure. The device 1300 may be provided to implement a communication device, for example, the first terminal device 202, the second terminal device 204, or the third terminal device 206 as shown in FIG. 2. As shown, the device 1300 includes one or more processors 1310, one or more memories 1320 coupled to the processor 1310, and one or more communication modules 1340 coupled to the processor 1310.
[0231] The communication module 1340 is for bidirectional communications. The communication module 1340 has at least one antenna to facilitate communication. The communication interface may represent any interface that is necessary for communication with other network elements.
[0232] The processor 1310 may be of any type suitable to the local technical network and may include one or more of the following: general purpose computers, special purpose computers, microprocessors, digital signal processors (DSPs) and processors based on multicore processor architecture, as non-limiting examples. The device 1300 may have multiple processors, such as an application specific integrated circuit chip that is slaved in time to a clock which synchronizes the main processor.
[0233] The memory 1320 may include one or more non-volatile memories and one or more volatile memories. Examples of the non-volatile memories include, but are not limited to, a Read Only Memory (ROM) 1324, an electrically programmable read only memory (EPROM) , a flash memory, a hard disk, a compact disc (CD) , a digital video disk (DVD) , and other magnetic storage and / or optical storage. Examples of the volatile memories include, but are not limited to, a random access memory (RAM) 622 and other volatile memories that will not last in the power-down duration.
[0234] A computer program 1330 includes computer executable instructions that are executed by the associated processor 1310. The program 1330 may be stored in the ROM 1324. The processor 1310 may perform any suitable actions and processing by loading the program 1330 into the RAM 1322.
[0235] The embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented by means of the program 1330 so that the device 1300 may perform any process of the disclosure as discussed with reference to FIGS. 7-12. The embodiments of the present disclosure may also be implemented by hardware or by a combination of software and hardware.
[0236] In some example embodiments, the program 1330 may be tangibly contained in a computer-readable medium which may be included in the device 1300 (such as in the memory 1320) or other storage devices that are accessible by the device 1300. The device 1300 may load the program 1330 from the computer-readable medium to the RAM 1322 for execution. The computer-readable medium may include any types of tangible non-volatile storage, such as ROM, EPROM, a flash memory, a hard disk, CD, DVD, and the like.
[0237] FIG. 14 illustrates a block diagram of an example of a computer-readable medium 1400 in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. The computer-readable medium 1400 has the program 1330 stored thereon. It is noted that although the computer-readable medium 1400 is depicted in form of CD or DVD in FIG. 14, the computer-readable medium 1400 may be in any other form suitable for carry or hold the program 1330.
[0238] Generally, various embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented in hardware or special purpose circuits, software, logic or any combination thereof. Some aspects may be implemented in hardware, while other aspects may be implemented in firmware or software which may be executed by a controller, microprocessor or other computing device. While various aspects of embodiments of the present disclosure are illustrated and described as block diagrams, flowcharts, or using some other pictorial representations, it is to be understood that the block, apparatus, system, technique or method described herein may be implemented in, as non-limiting examples, hardware, software, firmware, special purpose circuits or logic, general purpose hardware or controller or other computing devices, or some combination thereof.
[0239] The present disclosure also provides at least one computer program product tangibly stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. The computer program product includes computer-executable instructions, such as those included in program modules, being executed in a device on a target real or virtual processor, to carry out any one of the methods 700-1200 as described above with reference to FIGS. 7-12. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, libraries, objects, classes, components, data structures, or the like that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. The functionality of the program modules may be combined or split between program modules as desired in various embodiments. Machine-executable instructions for program modules may be executed within a local or distributed device. In a distributed device, program modules may be located in both local and remote storage media.
[0240] Program code for carrying out methods of the present disclosure may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These program codes may be provided to a processor or controller of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus, such that the program codes, when executed by the processor or controller, cause the functions / operations specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams to be implemented. The program code may execute entirely on a machine, partly on the machine, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the machine and partly on a remote machine or entirely on the remote machine or server.
[0241] In the context of the present disclosure, the computer program codes or related data may be carried by any suitable carrier to enable the device, apparatus or processor to perform various processes and operations as described above. Examples of the carrier include a signal, computer-readable medium, and the like.
[0242] The computer-readable medium may be a computer-readable signal medium or a computer-readable storage medium. A computer-readable medium may include but not limited to an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of the computer-readable storage medium would include an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM) , a read-only memory (ROM) , an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory) , an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) , an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. The term “non-transitory, ” as used herein, is a limitation of the medium itself (i.e., tangible, not a signal) as opposed to a limitation on data storage persistency (e.g., RAM vs. ROM) .
[0243] Further, while operations are depicted in a particular order, this should not be understood as requiring that such operations be performed in the particular order shown or in sequential order, or that all illustrated operations be performed, to achieve desirable results. In certain circumstances, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous. Likewise, while several specific implementation details are contained in the above discussions, these should not be construed as limitations on the scope of the present disclosure, but rather as descriptions of features that may be specific to particular embodiments. Certain features that are described in the context of separate embodiments may also be implemented in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features that are described in the context of a single embodiment may also be implemented in multiple embodiments separately or in any suitable sub-combination.
[0244] Although the present disclosure has been described in languages specific to structural features and / or methodological acts, it is to be understood that the present disclosure defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or acts described above. Rather, the specific features and acts described above are disclosed as example forms of implementing the claims.
Claims
1.A first terminal device comprising:at least one processor; andat least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the first terminal device at least to:transmit, to a second terminal device, an announcement message for a multi-hop relay discovery, wherein the announcement message comprises a configuration for multi-hop proximity based service (ProSe) .2.The first terminal device of claim 1, wherein at least one of the following:the configuration is used for controlling a maximum number of hops supported in ProSe; orthe configuration comprises at least one of:a quality of service (QoS) budget for controlling QoS, and the QoS budget comprises a delay budget;a QoS setting for controlling QoS, and the QoS setting comprises a delay setting; ora QoS parameter for controlling QoS, and the QoS parameter comprises a delay parameter.3.The first terminal device of any of claims 1-2, wherein one of the following:the first terminal device comprises a user equipment (UE) -to-network relay for ProSe, and the second terminal device comprises an intermediate UE-to-network relay for ProSe; orthe first terminal device comprises a UE-to-UE relay for ProSe, and the second terminal device comprises a UE-to-UE relay for ProSe.4.A second terminal device comprising:at least one processor; andat least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the second terminal device at least to:receive, from a first terminal device, a first announcement message for a multi-hop relay discovery, wherein the first announcement message comprises a first configuration for multi-hop proximity based service (ProSe) ; anddetermine a second configuration for multi-hop ProSe based on the first configuration and an adjustment value.5.The second terminal device of claim 4, wherein the adjustment value comprises a packet delay from the first terminal device to the second terminal device and a packet processing time at the second terminal device.6.The second terminal device of any of claims 4-5, wherein the second terminal device is further caused to:transmit, to a third terminal device, a second announcement message for a multi-hop relay discovery based on determining that the second configuration does not exceed a first threshold, wherein the second announcement message comprises the second configuration.7.The second terminal device of any of claims 4-6, wherein at least one of the following:the configuration is used for controlling a maximum number of hops supported in ProSe; orthe configuration comprises at least one of:a quality of service (QoS) budget for controlling QoS, and the QoS budget comprises a delay budget;a QoS setting for controlling QoS, and the QoS setting comprises a delay setting; ora QoS parameter for controlling QoS, and the QoS parameter comprises a delay parameter.8.The second terminal device of any of claims 4-7, wherein one of the following:the first terminal device comprises a UE-to-network relay for ProSe or an intermediate UE-to-network relay for ProSe, the second terminal device comprises an intermediate UE-to-network relay for ProSe, and the third terminal device comprises an intermediate UE-to-network relay for ProSe or a remote UE; orthe first terminal device comprises a UE-to-UE relay for ProSe, the second terminal device comprises a UE-to-UE relay for ProSe, and the third terminal device comprises a UE-to-UE relay for ProSe or an end UE.9.A third terminal device comprising:at least one processor; andat least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the third terminal device at least to:receive, from a second terminal device, a second announcement message for a multi-hop relay discovery, wherein the second announcement message comprises a second configuration for multi-hop proximity based service (ProSe) ; anddetermine whether to establish a link with a first terminal device based on the second configuration.10.The third terminal device of claim 9, wherein the third terminal device is a last hop terminal device for ProSe, and the third terminal device is caused to determine whether to establish the link with the first terminal device by:determining to establish the link with the first terminal device based on determining that the second configuration does not exceed a second threshold, ordetermining not to establish the link with the first terminal device based on determining that the second configuration exceeds the second threshold.11.The third terminal device of any of claims 9-10, wherein at least one of the following:the configuration is used for controlling a maximum number of hops supported in ProSe; orthe configuration comprises at least one of:a quality of service (QoS) budget for controlling QoS, and the QoS budget comprises a delay budget;a QoS setting for controlling QoS, and the QoS setting comprises a delay setting; ora QoS parameter for controlling QoS, and the QoS parameter comprises a delay parameter.12.The third terminal device of any of claims 9-11, wherein one of the following:the first terminal device comprises a UE-to-network relay for ProSe, the second terminal device comprises an intermediate UE-to-network relay for ProSe, and the third terminal device comprises a remote UE; orthe first terminal device comprises a UE-to-UE relay for ProSe, the second terminal device comprises a UE-to-UE relay for ProSe, and the third terminal device comprises an end UE.13.A first terminal device comprising:at least one processor; andat least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the first terminal device at least to:transmit, to a second terminal device, a first request, wherein the first request comprises a first time budget for multi-hop proximity based service (ProSe) ; andreceive, from the second terminal device, a first response, wherein the first response comprises a second time budget for multi-hop ProSe, and the second time budget is allowed by the second terminal device.14.The first terminal device of claim 13, wherein the first response further comprises T1 and T2, and whereinT1 is a first local time of a last hop terminal device for ProSe when a request corresponds to the first request is received by the last hop terminal device, andT2 is a second local time of the last hop terminal device when a response corresponds to the first response is transmitted by the last hop terminal device.15.The first terminal device of claim 14, wherein the first terminal device is further caused to:determine a packet delay for route selection of the first terminal device based on the following:(t*-t) – (T2 –T1) ,wherein t is a sending time of the first request at the first terminal device, and t*is a reception time of the first response at the first terminal device.16.The first terminal device of any of claims 13-15, wherein the first request comprises a solicitation message for a multi-hop relay discovery, and the first response comprises a response message for a multi-hop relay discovery.17.The first terminal device of any of claims 13-15, wherein the first request comprises a request message for link establishment, and the first response comprises a response message for link establishment.18.The first terminal device of any of claims 13-17, wherein at least one of the following:the time budget is used for controlling a maximum number of hops supported in ProSe; orthe time budget comprises a quality of service (QoS) budget for controlling QoS.19.The first terminal device of any of claims 13-18, wherein one of the following:the first terminal device comprises a remote UE, and the second terminal device comprises an intermediate UE-to-network relay for ProSe; orthe first terminal device comprises an end UE, and the second terminal device comprises a UE-to-UE relay for ProSe.20.A second terminal device comprising:at least one processor; andat least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the second terminal device at least to:receive, from a first terminal device, a first request, wherein the first request comprises a first time budget for multi-hop proximity based service (ProSe) ; andtransmit, to a third terminal device, a second request, wherein the second request comprises a second time budget for multi-hop ProSe determined based on the first time budget and an adjustment value.21.The second terminal device of claim 20, wherein the adjustment value comprises a packet delay from the first terminal device to the second terminal device and a packet processing time at the second terminal device.22.The second terminal device of claim 20, wherein the second terminal device is further caused to:determine a first local time t1 of the second terminal device when the first request is received by the second terminal device; andinclude the first local time t1 in the second request in combination with an identity of the second terminal device, or recording the first local time t1 locally.23.The second terminal device of claim 22, wherein the second terminal device is further caused to:receive, from the third terminal device, a second response, wherein the second response comprises the second time budget; andtransmit, to the first terminal device, a first response based on determining that the second time budget is allowable.24.The second terminal device of claim 23, wherein the second response further comprises the following:the first local time t1 in combination with the identity of the second terminal device,t1’ in combination with an identity of the third terminal device, wherein t1’ is a local time of the third terminal device when the second request is received by the third terminal device, andt2’, wherein t2’ is a local time of the third terminal device when the second response is transmitted by the third terminal device, andthe second terminal device is further caused to:determine a second local time t2 of the second terminal device when the first response is transmitted by the second terminal device;determine the first local time t1 in the second response based on the identity of the second terminal device, or recovering the first local time t1 from context information of the second terminal device; andinclude the first local time t1 and the second local time t2 in the first response.25.The second terminal device of claim 24, wherein the second terminal device is not time synchronized, and the second terminal device is further caused to:determine a tag in the second response, wherein the tag indicates that the third terminal device is time synchronized; andsynchronize its time to the third terminal device by:adjusting a time offset at t3 by:(t4 –t3) - (t2’ -t1’) ,adjusting a time offset at t4 by:(t4 –t3) - (t2’ -t1’) ,wherein t3 is a first local time of the second terminal device when the second request is transmitted by the second terminal device, and t4 is a second local time of the second terminal device when the second response is received by the second terminal device.26.The second terminal device of claim 24, wherein the second terminal device is time synchronized, and the second terminal device is further caused to:include a tag in the first response, wherein the tag indicates that the second terminal device is time synchronized.27.The second terminal device of any of claims 23-26, wherein the first request and the second request comprise a solicitation message for a multi-hop relay discovery, and the first response and the second response comprise a response message for a multi-hop relay discovery.28.The second terminal device of any of claims 23-26, wherein the first request and the second request comprise a request message for link establishment, and the first response and the second response comprise a response message for link establishment.29.The second terminal device of any of claims 23-28, wherein at least one of the following:the time budget is used for controlling a maximum number of hops supported in ProSe; orthe time budget comprises a quality of service (QoS) budget for controlling QoS.30.The second terminal device of any of claims 20-29, wherein one of the following:the first terminal device comprises a remote UE or an intermediate UE-to-network relay for ProSe, the second terminal device comprises an intermediate UE-to-network relay for ProSe, and the third terminal device comprises an intermediate UE-to-network relay for ProSe or a UE-to-network relay for ProSe; orthe first terminal device comprises an end UE or a UE-to-UE relay for ProSe, the second terminal device comprises a UE-to-UE relay for ProSe, and the third terminal device comprises a UE-to-UE relay for ProSe.31.A third terminal device comprising:at least one processor; andat least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the third terminal device at least to:receive, from a second terminal device, a second request, wherein the second request comprises a second time budget for multi-hop proximity based service (ProSe) ; andtransmit, to the second terminal device, a second response based on determining that the second time budget is allowable, wherein the second response comprises the second time budget.32.The third terminal device of claim 31, wherein the third terminal device is a last hop terminal device for ProSe, and the second response further comprises T1 and T2, and whereinT1 is a first local time of the third terminal device when the second request is received by the third terminal device, andT2 is a second local time of the third terminal device when the second response is transmitted by the third terminal device.33.The third terminal device of claim 32, wherein the third terminal device is further caused to:include the first local time T1 and the second local time T2 in the second response.34.The third terminal device of claim 33, wherein the third terminal device is time synchronized, and the third terminal device is further caused to:include a tag in the second response, wherein the tag indicates that the third terminal device is time synchronized.35.The third terminal device of any of claims 31-34, wherein the second request comprise a solicitation message for a multi-hop relay discovery, and the second response comprise a response message for a multi-hop relay discovery.36.The third terminal device of any of claims 31-34, wherein the second request comprise a request message for link establishment, and the second response comprise a response message for link establishment.37.The third terminal device of any of claims 31-36, wherein at least one of the following:the time budget is used for controlling a maximum number of hops supported in ProSe; orthe time budget comprises a quality of service (QoS) budget for controlling QoS.38.The third terminal device of any of claims 31-37, wherein one of the following:the second terminal device comprises an intermediate UE-to-network relay for proximity based service (ProSe) , and the third terminal device comprises a UE-to-network relay for ProSe; orthe second terminal device comprises a UE-to-UE relay for ProSe, and the third terminal device comprises a UE-to-UE relay for ProSe.39.A method comprising:transmitting, to a second terminal device, an announcement message for a multi-hop relay discovery, wherein the announcement message comprises a configuration for multi-hop proximity based service (ProSe) .40.A method comprising:receiving, from a first terminal device, a first announcement message for a multi-hop relay discovery, wherein the first announcement message comprises a first configuration for multi-hop proximity based service (ProSe) ; anddetermining a second configuration for multi-hop ProSe based on the first configuration and an adjustment value.41.A method comprising:receiving, from a second terminal device, a second announcement message for a multi-hop relay discovery, wherein the second announcement message comprises a second configuration for multi-hop proximity based service (ProSe) ; anddetermining whether to establish a link with a first terminal device based on the second configuration.42.A method comprising:transmitting, to a second terminal device, a first request, wherein the first request comprises a first time budget for multi-hop proximity based service (ProSe) ; andreceiving, from the second terminal device, a first response, wherein the first response comprises a second time budget for multi-hop ProSe, and the second time budget is allowed by the second terminal device.43.A method comprising:receiving, from a first terminal device, a first request, wherein the first request comprises a first time budget for multi-hop proximity based service (ProSe) ; andtransmitting, to a third terminal device, a second request, wherein the second request comprises a second time budget for multi-hop ProSe determined based on the first time budget and an adjustment value.44.A method comprising:receiving, from a second terminal device, a second request, wherein the second request comprises a second time budget for multi-hop proximity based service (ProSe) ; andtransmitting, to the second terminal device, a second response based on determining that the second time budget is allowable, wherein the second response comprises the second time budget.45.An apparatus comprising:means for transmitting, to a second terminal device, an announcement message for a multi-hop relay discovery, wherein the announcement message comprises a configuration for multi-hop proximity based service (ProSe) .46.An apparatus comprising:means for receiving, from a first terminal device, a first announcement message for a multi-hop relay discovery, wherein the first announcement message comprises a first configuration for multi-hop proximity based service (ProSe) ; andmeans for determining a second configuration for multi-hop ProSe based on the first configuration and an adjustment value.47.An apparatus comprising:means for receiving, from a second terminal device, a second announcement message for a multi-hop relay discovery, wherein the second announcement message comprises a second configuration for multi-hop proximity based service (ProSe) ; andmeans for determining whether to establish a link with a first terminal device based on the second configuration.48.An apparatus comprising:means for transmitting, to a second terminal device, a first request, wherein the first request comprises a first time budget for multi-hop proximity based service (ProSe) ; andmeans for receiving, from the second terminal device, a first response, wherein the first response comprises a second time budget for multi-hop ProSe, and the second time budget is allowed by the second terminal device.49.An apparatus comprising:means for receiving, from a first terminal device, a first request, wherein the first request comprises a first time budget for multi-hop proximity based service (ProSe) ; andmeans for transmitting, to a third terminal device, a second request, wherein the second request comprises a second time budget for multi-hop ProSe determined based on the first time budget and an adjustment value.50.An apparatus comprising:means for receiving, from a second terminal device, a second request, wherein the second request comprises a second time budget for multi-hop proximity based service (ProSe) ; andmeans for transmitting, to the second terminal device, a second response based on determining that the second time budget is allowable, wherein the second response comprises the second time budget.51.A computer readable medium comprising program instructions for causing an apparatus to perform at least method of claim 39-44.