Systems and methods for digital modulation and adaption
Adaptive modulation techniques using PAS, PCS, and NUC enhance 5G NR network performance by optimizing modulation schemes for varying data capacity and signal conditions.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- ZTE CORP
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-07
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-11
Smart Images

Figure CN2025076184_11062026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR DIGITAL MODULATION AND ADAPTIONTECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The disclosure relates generally to wireless communications, including but not limited to systems and methods for digital modulation and adaption.BACKGROUND
[0002] The standardization organization Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) is currently in the process of specifying a new Radio Interface called 5G New Radio (5G NR) as well as a Next Generation Packet Core Network (NG-CN or NGC) . The 5G NR will have three main components: a 5G Access Network (5G-AN) , a 5G Core Network (5GC) , and a User Equipment (UE) . In order to facilitate the enablement of different data services and requirements, the elements of the 5GC, also called Network Functions, have been simplified with some of them being software based, and some being hardware based, so that they could be adapted according to need. Communication via satellite is one of the typical scenarios of the non-terrestrial networks in 3GPP standardization.SUMMARY
[0003] The example embodiments disclosed herein are directed to solving the issues relating to one or more of the problems presented in the prior art, as well as providing additional features that will become readily apparent by reference to the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompany drawings. In accordance with various embodiments, example systems, methods, devices and computer program products are disclosed herein. It is understood, however, that these embodiments are presented by way of example and are not limiting, and it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art who read the present disclosure that various modifications to the disclosed embodiments can be made while remaining within the scope of this disclosure.
[0004] At least one aspect is directed to a system, method, apparatus, or a computer-readable medium of the following. A wireless communication device (e.g., a user equipment (UE) ) may receive a first indicator. The wireless communication device may perform a communication according to the first indicator. The communication may comprise at least one of: a transmission, by the wireless communication device to a wireless communication node (e.g., a base station (BS) ) ; or a reception, by the wireless communication device from the wireless communication node.
[0005] In some embodiments, the first indicator can be at least one of: a second indicator that is indicative of a first modulation scheme from a plurality of modulation schemes; a third indicator that is indicative of a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) table from a plurality of MCS tables; or a fourth indicator that is indicative of a MCS from the MCS table. The MCS may comprise at least one of: a modulation order from a plurality of modulation orders, a target code rate from a plurality of target code rates, a modulation constellation from a plurality of modulation constellations, a spectral efficiency of a plurality of spectral efficiency; a fifth indicator that is indicative of a modulation order from a plurality of modulation orders; or a sixth indicator that is indicative of a target code rate from a plurality of target code rates.
[0006] In some embodiments, the transmission may comprise a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmission. The reception may comprise at least one of: a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) reception or a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) reception. In some embodiments, the wireless communication device may transmit a message to the wireless communication node. The message may comprise a capability report. The capability report may indicate at least one modulation scheme supported by the wireless communication device, via at least one of: a format of a physical random access channel (PRACH) ; an occasion of a random access channel (RO) ; a field of a physical layer in Msg 3; or a field of a higher layer in Msg 3.
[0007] In some embodiments, the plurality of modulation schemes may comprise at least one of: a probabilistic amplitude shaping (PAS) ; a probabilistic constellation shaping (PCS) ; a uniform constellation (UC) ; or a non-uniform constellation (NUC) . The plurality of MCS tables may comprise at least one of: a first MCS table comprises at least one of: a plurality of MCS indexes, a plurality of modulation orders, a plurality of modulation constellations, a plurality of target code rates, or a plurality of spectral efficiencies; or a second MCS table having a modulation order comprises at least one of: a plurality of target code rates, a plurality of modulation constellations, or a plurality of spectral efficiencies. The plurality of modulation orders may comprise at least one of: pi / 2-BPSK, BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM, 1024QAM, 4096QAM, or other higher modulation order.
[0008] In some embodiments, the second indicator may comprise at least one of: an indicator via a high layer signaling; an indicator represented by a downlink control information (DCI) signaling being scrambled by a radio network temporary identifier (RNTI) ; or at least one specific field of the DCI signaling. The high layer signaling may comprise at least one of: a radio resource control (RRC) signaling, a master information block (MIB) signaling, a system information block (SIB) signaling, or a medium access control control element (MAC CE) signaling. The RNTI can be configured by the high layer signaling or predefined. The at least one specific field may include a field of: a frequency domain resource assignment, a time domain resource assignment, a frequency hopping flag, a new data indicator, a redundancy version (RV) , a number of hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) processes, a transmit power control (TPC) command for a scheduled physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmission, a downlink assignment index, reserved bits, a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) resource indicator, or a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) -to-HARQ feedback timing indicator.
[0009] In some embodiments, in response to a value of the indicator being configured and valid, the wireless communication device may determine the first modulation scheme from the plurality of modulation schemes according to the value. In response to the indicator represented by the DCI signaling being scrambled by a specific RNTI, the wireless communication device may determine the first modulation scheme. In response to a value of the indicator being configured via at least one specific field of the DCI signaling, the wireless communication device may determine the first modulation scheme.
[0010] In some embodiments, whether to determine the first modulation scheme via at least one specific field of the DCI signaling field may be based on whether a condition is satisfied. The condition may include at least one of: an enabler indicator is indicated as enabled via a high layer signaling; or a downlink control information (DCI) signaling being scrambled by a radio network temporary identifier (RNTI) .
[0011] In some embodiments, the third indicator may comprise at least one of: an indicator defined via a high layer signaling, to indicate a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) table from the plurality of MCS tables; a field of an indicator defined via a high layer signaling, being extended to indicate a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) table from the plurality of MCS tables; a newly defined field via a high layer signaling or a DCI signaling, to indicate a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) table from the plurality of MCS tables; or at least one specific field of the DCI signaling, to indicate a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) table from the plurality of MCS tables. The high layer signaling may comprise at least one of: a radio resource control (RRC) signaling, a master information block (MIB) signaling, a system information block (SIB) signaling, or a medium access control control element (MAC CE) signaling. The at least one specific field may include a field of: a frequency domain resource assignment, a time domain resource assignment, a frequency hopping flag, a new data indicator, a redundancy version (RV) , a number of hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) processes, a transmit power control (TPC) command for a scheduled physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmission, a downlink assignment index, reserved bits, a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) resource indicator, a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) -to-HARQ feedback timing indicator, or a MCS field. In some embodiments, the wireless communication device may determine the MCS table from the plurality of MCS tables according to the third indicator.
[0012] In some embodiments, the fourth indicator may comprise: at least one specific field of the DCI signaling, to indicate a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) from the MCS table. The at least one specific field may include a field of: a frequency domain resource assignment, a time domain resource assignment, a frequency hopping flag, a new data indicator, a redundancy version (RV) , a number of hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) processes, a transmit power control (TPC) command for a scheduled physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmission, a downlink assignment index, reserved bits, a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) resource indicator, a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) -to-HARQ feedback timing indicator, or a MCS field.
[0013] In some embodiments, the wireless communication device may determine a modulation order corresponding to the fourth indicator. In some embodiments, the wireless communication device may determine a modulation constellation from a plurality of modulation constellations corresponding to the determined modulation order. In some embodiments, determining the modulation constellation can be associated with at least one of following factors: a MCS index level, a target code rate, a signal to noise ratio (SINR) level, or an energy threshold. In some embodiments, each of the at least one factor can be related to a respective one of the at least one modulation constellation. Multiple ones of the at least one factor can be related to one of the at least one modulation constellation.
[0014] In some embodiments, the wireless communication device may determine a modulation order according to the fifth indicator. The fifth indicator can be indicated via a downlink control information (DCI) signaling. In some embodiments, the modulation order may correspond to a second MCS table. The second MCS table can be a table that supports a plurality of modulation constellations each corresponding to a respective code rate.
[0015] In some embodiments, the wireless communication device may determine a third MCS table according to the determined modulation order. In some embodiments, whether to determine a modulation order according to the fifth indicator may be based on whether a condition is satisfied / met (or has happened) . The condition may include an indicator indicating that a high modulation order is enabled, configured by a high layer signaling.
[0016] In some embodiments, the wireless communication device may determine a target code rate according to the sixth indicator. The sixth indicator can be indicated via a downlink control information (DCI) signaling. In some embodiments, the wireless communication device may determine based on a determined third MCS table a modulation constellation corresponding to the determined target code rate.
[0017] In some embodiments, the wireless communication device may send a message to the wireless communication node. The wireless communication device may perform the communication according to the message. The message may comprise a request for at least one of: a modulation constellation, or a target code rate. In some embodiments, sending the message can be via at least one of: a format of a physical random access channel (PRACH) ; an occasion of a random access (RO) ; a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) ; a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) ; a field of a physical layer in Msg 3; or a field of a higher layer in Msg 3.
[0018] In some embodiments, the wireless communication device may send an assistance information to the wireless communication node. The assistance information may comprise an indication of at least one of: a measured signal strength (e.g., a RSRP, a RSRQ) ; a channel state information including at least one of: a Precoding Matrix Indicator (PMI) , a Rank Indicator (RI) , a Channel Quality Indicator (CQI) ; a Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise Ratio level; a frequency offset; a time offset; or a movement state.
[0019] In some embodiments, a wireless communication node (e.g., a base station (BS) ) may send a first indicator to a wireless communication device (e.g., a user equipment (UE) ) . The wireless communication node may perform a communication according to the first indicator. The communication may comprise at least one of: a transmission, by the wireless communication node to a wireless communication device; or a reception, by the wireless communication node from the wireless communication device.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0020] Various example embodiments of the present solution are described in detail below with reference to the following figures or drawings. The drawings are provided for purposes of illustration only and merely depict example embodiments of the present solution to facilitate the reader's understanding of the present solution. Therefore, the drawings should not be considered limiting of the breadth, scope, or applicability of the present solution. It should be noted that for clarity and ease of illustration, these drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale.
[0021] FIG. 1 illustrates an example cellular communication network in which techniques disclosed herein may be implemented, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0022] FIG. 2 illustrates a block diagram of an example base station and a user equipment device, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0023] FIG. 3 illustrates an example configuration for modulation and adaptation, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure; and
[0024] FIG. 4 illustrates a flow diagram of an example method for modulation and adaptation, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0025] 1. Mobile Communication Technology and Environment
[0026] FIG. 1 illustrates an example wireless communication network, and / or system, 100 in which techniques disclosed herein may be implemented, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. In the following discussion, the wireless communication network 100 may be any wireless network, such as a cellular network or a narrowband Internet of things (NB-IoT) network, and is herein referred to as “network 100. ” Such an example network 100 includes a base station 102 (hereinafter “BS 102” ; also referred to as wireless communication node) and a user equipment device 104 (hereinafter “UE 104” ; also referred to as wireless communication device) that can communicate with each other via a communication link 110 (e.g., a wireless communication channel) , and a cluster of cells 126, 130, 132, 134, 136, 138 and 140 overlaying a geographical area 101. In Figure 1, the BS 102 and UE 104 are contained within a respective geographic boundary of cell 126. Each of the other cells 130, 132, 134, 136, 138 and 140 may include at least one base station operating at its allocated bandwidth to provide adequate radio coverage to its intended users.
[0027] For example, the BS 102 may operate at an allocated channel transmission bandwidth to provide adequate coverage to the UE 104. The BS 102 and the UE 104 may communicate via a downlink radio frame 118, and an uplink radio frame 124 respectively. Each radio frame 118 / 124 may be further divided into sub-frames 120 / 127 which may include data symbols 122 / 128. In the present disclosure, the BS 102 and UE 104 are described herein as non-limiting examples of “communication nodes, ” generally, which can practice the methods disclosed herein. Such communication nodes may be capable of wireless and / or wired communications, in accordance with various embodiments of the present solution.
[0028] FIG. 2 illustrates a block diagram of an example wireless communication system 200 for transmitting and receiving wireless communication signals (e.g., OFDM / OFDMA signals) in accordance with some embodiments of the present solution. The system 200 may include components and elements configured to support known or conventional operating features that need not be described in detail herein. In one illustrative embodiment, system 200 can be used to communicate (e.g., transmit and receive) data symbols in a wireless communication environment such as the wireless communication environment 100 of Figure 1, as described above.
[0029] System 200 generally includes a base station 202 (hereinafter “BS 202” ) and a user equipment device 204 (hereinafter “UE 204” ) . The BS 202 includes a BS (base station) transceiver module 210, a BS antenna 212, a BS processor module 214, a BS memory module 216, and a network communication module 218, each module being coupled and interconnected with one another as necessary via a data communication bus 220. The UE 204 includes a UE (user equipment) transceiver module 230, a UE antenna 232, a UE memory module 234, and a UE processor module 236, each module being coupled and interconnected with one another as necessary via a data communication bus 240. The BS 202 communicates with the UE 204 via a communication channel 250, which can be any wireless channel or other medium suitable for transmission of data as described herein.
[0030] As would be understood by persons of ordinary skill in the art, system 200 may further include any number of modules other than the modules shown in Figure 2. Those skilled in the art will understand that the various illustrative blocks, modules, circuits, and processing logic described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented in hardware, computer-readable software, firmware, or any practical combination thereof. To clearly illustrate this interchangeability and compatibility of hardware, firmware, and software, various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps are described generally in terms of their functionality. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware, firmware, or software can depend upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the overall system. Those familiar with the concepts described herein may implement such functionality in a suitable manner for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as limiting the scope of the present disclosure
[0031] In accordance with some embodiments, the UE transceiver 230 may be referred to herein as an "uplink" transceiver 230 that includes a radio frequency (RF) transmitter and a RF receiver each comprising circuitry that is coupled to the antenna 232. A duplex switch (not shown) may alternatively couple the uplink transmitter or receiver to the uplink antenna in time duplex fashion. Similarly, in accordance with some embodiments, the BS transceiver 210 may be referred to herein as a "downlink" transceiver 210 that includes a RF transmitter and a RF receiver each comprising circuity that is coupled to the antenna 212. A downlink duplex switch may alternatively couple the downlink transmitter or receiver to the downlink antenna 212 in time duplex fashion. The operations of the two transceiver modules 210 and 230 may be coordinated in time such that the uplink receiver circuitry is coupled to the uplink antenna 232 for reception of transmissions over the wireless transmission link 250 at the same time that the downlink transmitter is coupled to the downlink antenna 212. Conversely, the operations of the two transceivers 210 and 230 may be coordinated in time such that the downlink receiver is coupled to the downlink antenna 212 for reception of transmissions over the wireless transmission link 250 at the same time that the uplink transmitter is coupled to the uplink antenna 232. In some embodiments, there is close time synchronization with a minimal guard time between changes in duplex direction.
[0032] The UE transceiver 230 and the base station transceiver 210 are configured to communicate via the wireless data communication link 250, and cooperate with a suitably configured RF antenna arrangement 212 / 232 that can support a particular wireless communication protocol and modulation scheme. In some illustrative embodiments, the UE transceiver 210 and the base station transceiver 210 are configured to support industry standards such as the Long Term Evolution (LTE) and emerging 5G standards, and the like. It is understood, however, that the present disclosure is not necessarily limited in application to a particular standard and associated protocols. Rather, the UE transceiver 230 and the base station transceiver 210 may be configured to support alternate, or additional, wireless data communication protocols, including future standards or variations thereof.
[0033] In accordance with various embodiments, the BS 202 may be an evolved node B (eNB) , a serving eNB, a target eNB, a femto station, or a pico station, for example. In some embodiments, the UE 204 may be embodied in various types of user devices such as a mobile phone, a smart phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA) , tablet, laptop computer, wearable computing device, etc. The processor modules 214 and 236 may be implemented, or realized, with a general purpose processor, a content addressable memory, a digital signal processor, an application specific integrated circuit, a field programmable gate array, any suitable programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof, designed to perform the functions described herein. In this manner, a processor may be realized as a microprocessor, a controller, a microcontroller, a state machine, or the like. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, e.g., a combination of a digital signal processor and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a digital signal processor core, or any other such configuration.
[0034] Furthermore, the steps of a method or algorithm described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be embodied directly in hardware, in firmware, in a software module executed by processor modules 214 and 236, respectively, or in any practical combination thereof. The memory modules 216 and 234 may be realized as RAM memory, flash memory, ROM memory, EPROM memory, EEPROM memory, registers, a hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art. In this regard, memory modules 216 and 234 may be coupled to the processor modules 210 and 230, respectively, such that the processors modules 210 and 230 can read information from, and write information to, memory modules 216 and 234, respectively. The memory modules 216 and 234 may also be integrated into their respective processor modules 210 and 230. In some embodiments, the memory modules 216 and 234 may each include a cache memory for storing temporary variables or other intermediate information during execution of instructions to be executed by processor modules 210 and 230, respectively. Memory modules 216 and 234 may also each include non-volatile memory for storing instructions to be executed by the processor modules 210 and 230, respectively.
[0035] The network communication module 218 generally represents the hardware, software, firmware, processing logic, and / or other components of the base station 202 that enable bi-directional communication between base station transceiver 210 and other network components and communication nodes configured to communication with the base station 202. For example, network communication module 218 may be configured to support internet or WiMAX traffic. In a typical deployment, without limitation, network communication module 218 provides an 802.3 Ethernet interface such that base station transceiver 210 can communicate with a conventional Ethernet based computer network. In this manner, the network communication module 218 may include a physical interface for connection to the computer network (e.g., Mobile Switching Center (MSC) ) . The terms “configured for, ” “configured to” and conjugations thereof, as used herein with respect to a specified operation or function, refer to a device, component, circuit, structure, machine, signal, etc., that is physically constructed, programmed, formatted and / or arranged to perform the specified operation or function.
[0036] The Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Model (referred to herein as, “open system interconnection model” ) is a conceptual and logical layout that defines network communication used by systems (e.g., wireless communication device, wireless communication node) open to interconnection and communication with other systems. The model is broken into seven subcomponents, or layers, each of which represents a conceptual collection of services provided to the layers above and below it. The OSI Model also defines a logical network and effectively describes computer packet transfer by using different layer protocols. The OSI Model may also be referred to as the seven-layer OSI Model or the seven-layer model. In some embodiments, a first layer may be a physical layer. In some embodiments, a second layer may be a Medium Access Control (MAC) layer. In some embodiments, a third layer may be a Radio Link Control (RLC) layer. In some embodiments, a fourth layer may be a Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer. In some embodiments, a fifth layer may be a Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer. In some embodiments, a sixth layer may be a Non Access Stratum (NAS) layer or an Internet Protocol (IP) layer, and the seventh layer being the other layer.
[0037] Various example embodiments of the present solution are described below with reference to the accompanying figures to enable a person of ordinary skill in the art to make and use the present solution. As would be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art, after reading the present disclosure, various changes or modifications to the examples described herein can be made without departing from the scope of the present solution. Thus, the present solution is not limited to the example embodiments and applications described and illustrated herein. Additionally, the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the methods disclosed herein are merely example approaches. Based upon design preferences, the specific order or hierarchy of steps of the disclosed methods or processes can be re-arranged while remaining within the scope of the present solution. Thus, those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that the methods and techniques disclosed herein present various steps or acts in a sample order, and the present solution is not limited to the specific order or hierarchy presented unless expressly stated otherwise.
[0038] 2. Systems and Methods for Digital Modulation and Adaptation
[0039] The digital modulation in new radio (NR) and long term evolution (LTE) can be based on Quadriphase Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) and Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) . However, the data capacity requirements for future mobile systems are rigorous. Key enablers for the high capacity may include high-order constellations, such as supporting super quadrature-amplitude-modulation (super-QAM) , including 1024QAM and 4096QAM. QAM-based digital modulation may not be considered information-theoretically optimal. Using regular QAM with equidistant constellation points, so that each point is equiprobable, may result in a 1.53 dB loss from capacity, asymptotically at high signal-to-noise ratios (SNR) .
[0040] In some embodiments, attaining the capacity may require a Gaussian constellation, such as non-uniform constellations (NUC) -QAM, probabilistic constellation shaping (PCS) -QAM, probabilistic amplitude shaping (PAS) -QAM. Therefore, the present disclosure provides a method for enhancing the signal transmission structure using enhanced modulation.
[0041] The present disclosure provides a method for modulation scheme / mapper configuration / adaptation (sometimes referred to as “adaption” ) and a method for modulation constellation adaptation. The content of modulation scheme / mapper configuration / adaption includes an indicator to determine which modulation scheme to use, and an indicator to enable modulation scheme adaptation. The content of modulation constellation adaptation includes factors that affect constellation adaption, how the factor impacts the modulation constellation adaption, and / or a newly defined MCS table to support modulation constellation adaption.
[0042] Modulation mapper / scheme
[0043] In some embodiments, the modulation mapper may take binary digits, 0 or 1, as input and may produce / generate complex-valued modulation symbols as output. The modulation mapper may include π / 2-BPSK, BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM, and / or 1024QAM. The modulation order of the mapper can be mathematically defined as log2 (M) , where M is the number of constellation points in the modulation mapper. This also defines the number of bits per modulation symbol. For instance, QPSK may have 4 constellation points, resulting in a modulation order of 2.
[0044] Modulation order determination
[0045] In some embodiments, multiple modulation and coding scheme (MCS) tables can be predefined, one of which is shown in Table 1. The procedure to determine which MCS table to use can be associated with higher layer parameters configuration, such as mcs-TableDCI-1-2 or mcs-Table given by PDSCH-Config, or mcs-Table given by pdsch-ConfigMulticast, or mcs-Table given by pdsch-ConfigMCCH and pdsch-ConfigMTCH for physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) ; mcs-TableDCI-0-2 in pusch-Config, mcs-Table in pusch-Config, mcs-Table in configuredGrantConfig, mcs-TableTransformPrecoderDCI-0-2 in pusch-Config, mcs-TableTransformPrecoder in pusch-Config, mcs-TableTransformPrecoder in configuredGrantConfig for physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) . In some embodiments, the procedure may be related to the format of scheduling downlink control information (DCI) and / or scrambling radio network temporary identifier (RNTI) . For example, the procedure to determine which table to use for PDSCH can be defined as follows.
[0046] In some embodiments, a UE can use IMCS and a table (e.g., Table 5.1.3.1-4) to determine the modulation order (Qm) and target code rate (R) used in the physical downlink shared channel if the higher layer parameter mcs-Table-r17 given by PDSCH-Config is set to “qam1024” , and the PDSCH is scheduled by a PDCCH with DCI format 1_1 with cyclic redundancy check (CRC) scrambled by C-RNTI. In some embodiments, a UE can use IMCS and a table (e.g., Table 5.1.3.1-4) to determine the modulation order (Qm) and target code rate (R) used in the physical downlink shared channel if mcs-TableDCI-1-2-r17 given by PDSCH-Config is set to “qam1024” , and the PDSCH is scheduled by a PDCCH with DCI format 1_2 with CRC scrambled by C-RNTI.
[0047] In some embodiments, a UE can use IMCS and a table (e.g., Table 5.1.3.1-2) to determine the modulation order (Qm) and target code rate (R) used in the physical downlink shared channel if the higher layer parameter mcs-TableDCI-1-2 given by PDSCH-Config is set to “qam256” , and the PDSCH is scheduled by a PDCCH with DCI format 1_2 with CRC scrambled by C-RNTI. In some embodiments, a UE can use IMCS and a table (e.g., Table 5.1.3.1-2) to determine the modulation order (Qm) and target code rate (R) used in the physical downlink shared channel if the higher layer parameter mcs-Table given by PDSCH-Config is set to “qam256” , and the PDSCH is scheduled by a PDCCH with DCI format 1_1 with CRC scrambled by C-RNTI.
[0048] In some embodiments, a UE can use IMCS and a table (e.g., Table 5.1.3.1-3) to determine the modulation order (Qm) and target code rate (R) used in the physical downlink shared channel if the UE is not configured with MCS-C-RNTI, the higher layer parameter mcs-TableDCI-1-2 given by PDSCH-Config is set to “qam64LowSE” , and the PDSCH is scheduled by a PDCCH with DCI format 1_2 scrambled by C-RNTI. In some embodiments, a UE can use IMCS and a table (e.g., Table 5.1.3.1-3) to determine the modulation order (Qm) and target code rate (R) used in the physical downlink shared channel if the UE is not configured with MCS-C-RNTI, the higher layer parameter mcs-Table given by PDSCH-Config is set to “qam64LowSE” , and the PDSCH is scheduled by a PDCCH with a DCI format other than DCI format 1_2 in a UE-specific search space with CRC scrambled by C-RNTI.
[0049] Table1: Table 5.1.3.1-4: MCS index table 4 for PDSCH
[0050] For the determined MCS table, the determined MCS table may include multiple combinations of multiple modulation order corresponding to one of modulation mappers and multiple target code rates. To determine the specific modulation order and target code rate, and transport block size (s) in the physical downlink shared channel, the UE may first read the 5-bit modulation and coding scheme field (IMCS) in the DCI to determine the modulation order (Qm) and target code rate (R) in the determined MCS table. For example, if the determined MCS table is the Table 1 and the value in the 5-bit modulation and coding scheme field (MCS) in the DCI is set to 15, the modulation order (Qm) can be 8 corresponding to 256QAM and the target code rate can be 682.5 / 1024.
[0051] Probabilistic amplitude shaping (PAS)
[0052] Probabilistic amplitude shaping (PAS) may adjust binary digits, 0 or 1, as input using specific modules (e.g., constant component distribution matching (CCDM) to generate amplitudes that meet a predetermined probability distribution. These amplitudes can be combined with symbol bits generated by the encoding module (e.g., LDPC, Turbo) and mapped to produce complex-valued modulation symbols as output, which satisfy the predetermined probability distribution.
[0053] Probabilistic constellation shaping (PCS)
[0054] Probabilistic constellation shaping (PCS) may adjust binary digits, 0 or 1, as input using specific modules (e.g., CCDM) . After encoding (e.g., LDPC, Turbo) and other processes, the PCS may produce / generate complex-valued modulation symbols as output that meet a predetermined probability distribution.
[0055] Geometric constellation shaping (GCS)
[0056] By redesigning the arrangement of constellation points, the goal is to increase the minimum Euclidean distance between the constellation points. The adjusted constellation may have a non-uniform geometric position, unlike traditional square constellations which have uniform geometric position. Therefore, the GCS can be referred to as a non-uniform constellation (NUC) . The modulation mapper (e.g., QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM, 1024QAM, etc. ) can take binary digits, 0 or 1, as input and may produce / generate complex-valued modulation symbols as output.
[0057] In the following description, a modulation scheme can be at least one of: a probabilistic amplitude shaping (PAS) , a probabilistic constellation shaping (PCS) , a non-uniform constellation (NUC) , or a uniform constellation (UC) (e.g., traditional square constellation) . A modulation mapper can be at least one of: pi / 2 BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM, 1024QAM, or 4096QAM. A modulation order can be at least one of: 2, 4, 6, 8, or 10. The modulation order of the mapper can be mathematically defined as log2 (M) , where M is the number of constellation points in the modulation mapper.
[0058] In the present disclosure, a modulation scheme adaptation can be defined when multiple modulation schemes exist. This may involve multiple indicators, such as an indicator to determine which modulation scheme to use, an indicator to enable modulation scheme adaptation. Even for the same modulation order, each modulation scheme may include multiple modulation constellations. Therefore, in the present disclosure, a method for modulation constellation adaptation is defined, such as factors that affect constellation adaptation, how the factor impacts the modulation constellation adaptation, and / or a newly defined MCS table to support modulation constellation adaption.
[0059] Implementation Example 1: Modulation scheme / mapper configuration / adaptation
[0060] In some embodiments, the wireless communication device may transmit a message to the wireless communication node. The message may comprise a capability report. The capability report may indicate at least one modulation scheme supported by the wireless communication device, via at least one of: a format of a physical random access channel (PRACH) ; an occasion of a random access channel (RO) ; a field of a physical layer in Msg 3; or a field of a higher layer in Msg 3.
[0061] In a communication system, some devices / UEs may not support enhanced modulation schemes (e.g., PAS, PCS, or NUC) . Therefore, the capability of supported modulation scheme can be indicated / reported. The reported indicator can be reported through a specific physical random access channel (PRACH) format, a specific random access channel (RACH) occasion (e.g., PRACH resource) , a specific preamble, or a specific physical layer or a high layer signaling in Msg3 information. In some embodiments, a UE may transmit a report to a base station. The report may indicate at least one modulation scheme supported by the UE, via at least one of: a format of a physical random access channel (PRACH) ; an occasion of a random access channel (RACH) ; a field of a physical layer in Msg 3; or a field of a higher layer in Msg 3. In some embodiments, the report may include a capability report indicator. In some embodiments, the capability report indicator can be at least one of: a specific PRACH format / preamble corresponding to a specific modulation scheme; a specific RACH occasion corresponding to a specific modulation scheme; a specific physical layer field in Msg3 corresponding to a specific modulation scheme; or a specific high layer field in Msg3 corresponding to a specific modulation scheme.
[0062] In some embodiments, a wireless communication device (e.g., a user equipment (UE) ) may receive a first indicator. The wireless communication device may perform a communication according to the first indicator. The communication may comprise at least one of: a transmission, by the wireless communication device to a wireless communication node (e.g., a base station (BS) ) ; or a reception, by the wireless communication device from the wireless communication node.
[0063] In some embodiments, the first indicator can be at least one of: a second indicator that is indicative of a first modulation scheme from a plurality of modulation schemes; a third indicator that is indicative of a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) table from a plurality of MCS tables; or a fourth indicator that is indicative of a MCS from the MCS table. The MCS may comprise at least one of: a modulation order from a plurality of modulation orders, a target code rate from a plurality of target code rates, a modulation constellation from a plurality of modulation constellations, or a spectral efficiency of a plurality of spectral efficiency; a fifth indicator that is indicative of a modulation order from a plurality of modulation orders; or a sixth indicator that is indicative of a target code rate from a plurality of target code rates.
[0064] In some embodiments, a wireless communication device (e.g., a UE) may receive a message comprising at least one indicator that is indicative of a first modulation scheme from a plurality of modulation schemes from a wireless communication node (e.g., a BS) . The wireless communication device may perform a communication with the wireless communication node according to the message. In some embodiments, the at least one indicator may comprise at least one of: a first indication that is indicative of the first modulation scheme from the plurality of modulation schemes; a second indication that is indicative of a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) table from a plurality of MCS tables; or a third indication that is indicative of at least one of: a MCS index, a modulation order, a code rate, or a transport block size.
[0065] Indicator to determine which modulation scheme to use
[0066] There can be multiple modulation schemes, such as a PAS, a PCS, a GCS, a uniform constellation (e.g., traditional square constellation) , or other modulation schemes. The specific modulation scheme can be indicated by an indicator. The indicator can be at least one of: a high layer signaling, specific downlink control information (DCI) scrambled by a specific radio network temporary identifier (RNTI) , a new DCI field, or an existing DCI field to indicate which modulation scheme is used.
[0067] In some embodiments, the indicator can be a high layer signaling. The high layer signaling may comprise at least one of: a radio resource control (RRC) signaling, a master information block (SIB) signaling, a system information block (SIB) signaling, or a medium access control control element (MAC CE) signaling. In some embodiments, the indicator can be per cell, per UE, or per UE group. The indicator may indicate which modulation scheme of multiple modulation scheme (e.g., a PAS, a PCS, a NUC, uniform) to be used.
[0068] In some embodiments, assume that the indicator occupies 2 bits (e.g., a first indicator) , value 1 may indicate that modulation scheme 1 is used, value 2 may indicate that modulation scheme 2 is used, value 3 may indicate that modulation scheme 3 is used, and value 4 may indicate that modulation scheme 4 is used (refer to table 2) . When the indicator indicates enhanced modulation scheme (e.g., a PAS, a PCS, a NUC) , the enhanced modulation scheme can be used. When the indicator indicates uniform modulation or the indicator is not configured or a legacy modulation scheme is configured / indicated and / or some conditions is satisfied, the legacy modulation scheme (e.g., uniform modulation) can be used.
[0069] Table 2. Mapping between Value and modulation scheme
[0070] In some embodiments, when the indicator is configured and the value is valid, a UE may determine the modulation scheme corresponding to the value. The UE may determine its modulation and coding scheme (MCS) table and modulation mapper / order based on rules / procedures / indicators (e.g., MCS field in the DCI) . In some embodiments, when the indicator indicates uniform / traditional modulation or the indicator is not configured or legacy modulation scheme is configured / indicated and / or some condition is satisfied or the indicator is configured but with an invalid value, a UE may determine its modulation scheme / MCS table and modulation mapper / order based on rules / procedures / indicators.
[0071] In some embodiments, the indicator can be a DCI signaling scrambled by a specific RNTI. The one or more specific RNTI can be configured by a high layer signaling or predefined. The high layer signaling can be at least one of: a RRC signaling, a MIB / SIB signaling, or a MAC CE signaling. The indicator may indicate which modulation scheme of multiple modulation scheme (e.g., a PAS, a PCS, a NUC, a uniform) to be used. For example, the DCI scrambled by specific RNTI_1 may indicate modulation scheme 1. The DCI scrambled by specific RNTI_2 may indicate modulation scheme 2. The DCI scrambled by specific RNTI_3 may indicate modulation scheme 3. The DCI scrambled by specific RNTI_4 may indicate modulation scheme 4.
[0072] In some embodiments, when the specific RNTI is configured by a high layer signaling or is predefined, a UE may receive a DCI signaling scrambled by specific RNTI_1. The UE may determine the modulation scheme 1. The UE may determine its MCS table and modulation mapper / order based on rules / procedures / indicators (e.g., MCS field in the DCI) . In some embodiments, when the specific RNTI is not configured by a high layer signaling or is not predefined or legacy modulation scheme is configured / indicated and / or some conditions is satisfied, a UE may receive the DCI scrambled by its C-RNTI. The UE may determine its modulation scheme / MCS table and modulation mapper / order based on rules / procedures / indicators (e.g., MCS field in the DCI) .
[0073] In some embodiments, the indicator can be an existing DCI field or a newly defined DCI field. The existing field in DCI can be at least one of: a frequency domain resource assignment field, a time domain resource assignment field, a frequency hopping flag field, a new data indicator field, a redundancy version (RV) field, a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) process number field, a transmit power control (TPC) command for a scheduled physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmission field, a downlink assignment index field, reserved bits field, a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) resource indicator field, or a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) -to-HARQ feedback timing indicator field.
[0074] In some embodiments, the DCI can be DCI format 0_0 / 1 / 2, DCI format 1_0 / 1 / 2, DCI format 2_0 / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5 / 6 / 7, DCI format 3_0 / 1, and / or DCI format 4_0 / 1 / 2. In some embodiments, assume that the indicator occupies 2 bits, value 1 may indicate that modulation scheme 1 is used, value 2 may indicate that modulation scheme 2 is used, value 3 may indicate that modulation scheme 3 is used, and value 4 may indicate that modulation scheme 4 is used (refer to Table 2) .
[0075] In some embodiments, for the newly defined field, the UE behavior can be as follows. In some embodiments, when the indicator is configured and the value is valid, a UE may determine the modulation scheme corresponding to the value in the DCI. The UE may determine its MCS table and modulation mapper / order based on rules / procedures / indicators (e.g., MCS field in the DCI) . In some embodiments, when the indicator is not configured or the indicator is configured but with invalid value or legacy modulation scheme is configured / indicated and / or some conditions is satisfied, a UE may determine its modulation scheme / MCS table and modulation mapper / order based on rules / procedures / indicators (e.g., MCS field in the DCI) .
[0076] In some embodiments, for a re-interpreting an existing field, whether to re-interpret the existing field can be associated with (e.g., determined via) an enabler indicator. For example, the enabler indicator can be a higher layer signaling (e.g., a RRC signaling, a SIB signaling, a MAC CE signaling) or a specific DCI signaling scrambled by specific RNTI or when the UE has reported its capability of supported modulation scheme.
[0077] An enabler indicator being a high layer signaling
[0078] In some embodiments, if the enabler indicator is configured by a high layer signaling and is configured as enabled (e.g., occupy 1 bit) , the UE may re-interpret an existing field. The UE may determine the modulation scheme corresponding to the value in the DCI. The UE may determine its MCS table and modulation mapper / order based on rules / procedures / indicators (e.g., MCS field in the DCI) .
[0079] In some embodiments, if the enabler indicator is not configured by a high layer signaling or is disabled, the UE may determine its modulation scheme / MCS table and modulation mapper / order based on rules / procedures / indicators (e.g., MCS field in the DCI) .
[0080] An enabler indicator being DCI scrambled by specific RNTI
[0081] In some embodiments, if the DCI signaling is scrambled by a specific RNTI, the UE may determine the modulation scheme corresponding to the value in the DCI. The UE may determine its MCS table and modulation mapper / order based on rules / procedures / indicators (e.g., MCS field in the DCI) .
[0082] In some embodiments, if the DCI signaling is not scrambled by a specific RNTI, the UE may determine its modulation scheme / MCS table and modulation mapper / order based on rules / procedures / indicators (e.g., MCS field in the DCI) .
[0083] In some embodiments, when the supported modulation scheme is reported, the UE can re-interpret an existing field as an enabler indicator. The UE may determine the modulation scheme corresponding to the value in the DCI. The UE may determine its MCS table and modulation mapper / order based on rule (s) .
[0084] In some embodiments, the MCS table and modulation mapper / order (e.g., third indicator, fourth indicator, fifth indicator) can be determined based on legacy rules / procedures / indicators (e.g., MCS field in the DCI) for the enhanced modulation scheme. In other methods, the MCS table and modulation mapper / order can be determined by at least one of following.
[0085] In some embodiments, for the MCS table indication (e.g., a third indicator) , the third indicator may indicate which modulation / MCS table to be used (e.g., MCS table 1, MCS table 2) . In some embodiments, an existing modulation table indicator configured by a high layer signaling can be reused as the third indicator. In some embodiments, the field of existing modulation table indicator can be extended as the third indicator. The maximum number of existing modulation / MCS table can be 4, if the number of supported modulation / MCS table is larger than 4, the size of the existing modulation / MCS table field can be extended to support more MCS table (s) . In some embodiments, the third indicator can be newly defined by a high layer signaling. The size of the field can be determined by the number of supported modulation / MCS tables. In some embodiments, the third indicator can reuse an existing field or a newly defined field in a DCI signaling. The existing field in DCI or newly defined DCI field can be at least one of: a frequency domain resource assignment field, a time domain resource assignment field, a frequency hopping flag field, a new data indicator field, a redundancy version field, a HARQ process number field, a TPC command for scheduled PUSCH field, a downlink assignment index field, a reserved bits field, a PUCCH resource indicator field, a PDSCH-to-HARQ feedback timing indicator field, or a MCS field. In some embodiments, the DCI can be DCI format 0_0 / 1 / 2, DCI format 1_0 / 1 / 2, DCI format 2_0 / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5 / 6 / 7, DCI format 3_0 / 1, and / or DCI format 4_0 / 1 / 2.
[0086] In some embodiments, assume that the third indicator occupies 2 bits, where value 1 may indicate that modulation / MCS table 1 is used, value 2 may indicate that modulation / MCS table 2 is used, value 3 may indicate that modulation / MCS table 3 is used, and value 4 may indicate that modulation / MCS table 4 is used. When determining which MCS table is to be used, this may be based on (or responsive to) certain condition (s) being satisfied.
[0087] In some embodiments, for the modulation mapper / order indication (e.g., a fourth indicator, a fifth indicator, a sixth indicator) , the fifth indicator may indicate which modulation order / mapper is to be used (e.g., qpsk, qam16, qam64, qam256, qam1024, qam4096) . In some embodiments, the fifth indicator can reuse an existing field or a newly defined field in a DCI signaling. The existing DCI field or newly defined DCI field can be at least one of: a frequency domain resource assignment field, a time domain resource assignment field, a frequency hopping flag field, a new data indicator field, a redundancy version field, a HARQ process number field, a TPC command for scheduled PUSCH field, a downlink assignment index field, a reserved bits field, a PUCCH resource indicator field, a PDSCH-to-HARQ feedback timing indicator field, or a MCS field. In some embodiments, the DCI can be at least one of: DCI format 0_0 / 1 / 2, DCI format 1_0 / 1 / 2, DCI format 2_0 / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5 / 6 / 7, DCI format 3_0 / 1, or DCI format 4_0 / 1 / 2.
[0088] The above methods / embodiments / examples can be combined in any way. For example, the existing field or newly defined field in the DCI signaling of the indicator, and the existing field or newly defined field in the DCI signaling of the indicator, can be combined. The MCS field can be used as the indicator. For example, the MCS field may occupy 5 bits. The highest two bits can be the indicator and other three can be the indicator.
[0089] Indicator to enable modulation scheme adaption
[0090] The indicator to determine which modulation scheme to use may be associated with the enabler indicator. For the enabler indicator, the enabler indicator may determine whether the indicator to determine which modulation scheme to use is enabled. The enabler indicator can be at least one of: a high layer signaling; or a downlink control information (DCI) signaling being scrambled by a radio network temporary identifier (RNTI) . In some embodiments, the high layer signaling may occupy 1 bit. For example, “1” may indicate enabled, “0” may indicate disabled. In some embodiments, the enabler indicator can be a specific RNTI configured by a high layer signaling or predefined. In some embodiments, the enabler indicator can be a DCI signaling scrambled by a specific RNTI.
[0091] In the above methods, an existing MCS table can be reused. Even for the same modulation mapper / order, when the modulation schemes are different, the constellation can be different. For example, when the modulation scheme is NUC, the geometric position of the 16QAM can be non-uniform. When the modulation scheme is uniform, the geometric position of the 16QAM can be uniform.
[0092] In implementation example 2, when the code rates are different, the geometric position for the same modulation order / mapper can be different. The adaption method of the constellation can be defined.
[0093] Implementation Example 2: Modulation constellation adaption
[0094] For a modulation scheme determined in implementation example 1, non-uniform constellation modulation can be used as an example. Modulation constellations corresponding to the same modulation order may have multiple geometric distributions. For example, for non-uniform 64QAM modulation, the locations of 64 constellation points included in the non-uniform 64QAM modulation can be thousands of different locations. Non-uniform 64QAM itself may correspond to multiple modulation constellations, and each modulation constellation may have different performance under different conditions (e.g., code rate) . Therefore, enabling dynamic adaption of modulation constellations can be supported.
[0095] In some embodiments, the wireless communication device (e.g., a UE) may perform adaption of a modulation constellation into at least one adapted modulation constellation, according to at least one factor. In some embodiments, the at least one factor may include at least one of: a MCS level, a code rate, a signal to noise ratio (SINR) level, an energy threshold, a modulation order indication, a code rate index indication, or a high order enable indication. In some embodiments, each of the at least one factor can be related to a respective one of the at least one adapted modulation constellation, or multiple ones of the at least one factor can be related to one of the at least one adapted modulation constellation. In some embodiments, the at least one factor can be indicated via at least one field for an extension bit of a downlink control information (DCI) signaling.
[0096] Factors that affect constellation adaption
[0097] The conditions for modulation constellations switching may include at least one of: MCS level, code rate, SINR level, energy threshold (e.g., reference signal received power (RSRP) , reference signal received quality (RSRQ) ) , precoding matrix indicator (PMI) -related indication (e.g., PMI, rank indicator (RI) , channel quality indicator (CQI) ) , number of NACK, inter-cell interference measurement results, specific sequence (e.g., non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) sequence) . For the MCS index, an existing MCS table can be reused. For the code rate, an existing code rate in MCS table can be reused. For the SINR threshold, one or more SINR thresholds can be defined through a high layer signaling or predefined. For the energy threshold, one or more thresholds can be defined through a high layer signaling or predefined. For the PMI-related indication, an existing PMI reporting mechanism can be reused.
[0098] How the factor impacts the modulation constellation adaption
[0099] The factors and modulation constellation can be one-to-one, or many-to-one. The specific relationship is shown as follows. In some embodiments, the factors and modulation constellation can be one-to-one. The mapping relationship can be shown as follows. In some embodiments, each MCS index may correspond to a unique modulation constellation. Different MCS indexes can have different modulation constellations. In some embodiments, each code rate may correspond to a unique modulation constellation. Different code rates may have different modulation constellations. In some embodiments, the relationship can be predefined as shown in Table 3. Once the UE / gNB determines its modulation scheme, MCS table, the MCS index / code rate can be determined / The UE / gNB can determines its unique modulation constellation based on the determined MCS index / code rate.
[0100] Table 3. Modulation constellation for all MCS index / code rate
[0101] In some embodiments, the factor and modulation constellation can be many-to-one. The mapping relationship can be shown as follows. In some embodiments, multiple MCS indexes (as MCS index group) may correspond to a unique modulation constellation. Different MCS index groups can have different modulation constellations. In some embodiments, multiple code rates (as code rate group) may correspond to a unique modulation constellation. Different code rate groups may have different modulation constellations. In some embodiments, when a SINR threshold is met, a unique modulation constellation can be determined. Different SINR requirements may have different modulation constellations. In some embodiments, when a specific threshold (e.g., RSRP) is met, a unique modulation constellation can be determined. The modulation constellation may vary with threshold. In some embodiments, the relationship can be predefined as shown in Table 4. Once the UE / gNB determines its modulation scheme and order, and the condition is satisfied, the UE / gNB can determine its unique modulation constellation.
[0102] Table 4. Modulation constellation for all MCS index / code rate / SINR / specific threshold
[0103] A newly defined MCS table to support modulation constellation adaption
[0104] In some embodiments, the plurality of MCS tables may include a table that supports a plurality of modulation constellations each corresponding to at least one of: a respective code rate or a respective modulation order. In some embodiments, the second indication may comprise at least one of: an indication of modulation order, an indication of code rate, an indication of MCS configured to indicate a modulation order and a code rate, at least one field in a DCI signaling configured to indicate a modulation order and a code rate; or an indication of high order enable.
[0105] In some embodiments, the newly defined MCS table can include a combination of different modulations, code rates, and / or constellations. In some embodiments, under the same modulation order, the constellation can be unique at different code rates. The code rate and constellation can be one-to-one. In some embodiments, under the same modulation order, the constellation can be the same at different code rates. The code rate and constellation can be many to one. An example of one-to-one mapping is shown in Table 5. Multiple enhanced modulation tables can be defined. Table 5 can represent a combination of different number of QAM definitions. For example, Table 5 may include Table 6 for 16 QAM, Table 7 for 64 QAM, and / or Table 8 for 256 QAM, and so on.
[0106] Table 5. One-to-one mapping: enhanced 4 / 16 / 64 / 256 / 1024 / ... -QAM definition Table for code rate n1 to n2
[0107] In some embodiments, to support dynamic modulation constellations, the signaling of modulation order indication and code rate index indication can be defined. In some embodiments, the signaling of modulation order indication and / or code rate index indication may comprise at least one of: an indication of modulation order, an indication of code rate, an indication of MCS configured to indicate a modulation order and a code rate, at least one field in a DCI signaling configured to indicate a modulation order and a code rate; or an indication of high order enable.
[0108] Modulation order indication: The modulation order indication can be a DCI signaling, which can indicate the modulation order, such as 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, etc. The number of bits the indicator occupies can be related to the number of supported modulation orders. For example, when supporting 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, the modulation order indication may occupy at least 3 bits.
[0109] Code rate index indication: The code rate index indication can be a DCI signaling, which can indicate the code rate, such as 0-3 corresponding to code rate CR1, CR2, CR3. The number of bits the indicator occupies can be related to the number of supported code rates, such as occupying 2 bits when supporting code rate indices 0-3.
[0110] Modulation order indication and / or code rate index indication: The modulation order indication and / or code rate index indication can be newly defined in the DCI signaling or a reuse of some fields in the DCI signaling, for example. In some embodiments, when the modulation order indication and code rate index indication occupy the same number of bits as the modulation and coding scheme indication, according to the enabler indicator, the modulation and coding scheme indication can be reused as modulation order indication and code rate index indication. In some embodiments, when the number of bits occupied by the modulation order indication and the code rate index indication is less than the number of bits of the modulation and coding scheme, according to the enabler indicator, the modulation and coding scheme indication can be reused as modulation order indication and code rate index indication, and the redundant state can be set as reserved. In some embodiments, when the number of bits occupied by the modulation order indication and the code rate index indication is larger than the number of bits of the modulation and coding scheme, according to the enabler indicator, the modulation and coding scheme indication can be reused as modulation order indication and code rate index indication, and other fields in DCI can be used as extension bits for modulation order and rate index indication. The other field can be at least one of: a frequency domain resource assignment field, a time domain resource assignment field, a frequency hopping flag field, a new data indicator field, a redundancy version field, a HARQ process number field, a TPC command for scheduled PUSCH field, a downlink assignment index field, a reserved bits field, a PUCCH resource indicator field, or a PDSCH-to-HARQ feedback timing indicator field.
[0111] In some embodiments, quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) and 16QAM may have significant performance advantages, so modulation constellations can be dynamically configured under high-order modulation. The signaling indication can be as follows.
[0112] High order enable indication: The high order enable indication can be a high layer signaling, which may enable modulation schemes above 64QAM. When this parameter is not configured or configured as disabled, the network and UE may perform process according to the specification. When the parameter is configured as enabled, the network and UE may determine that the modulation order indication indicates high-order modulation. Specific order can refer to the value or value index of modulation order indication.
[0113] Modulation order indication: The modulation order indication can be a DCI signaling, which may indicate high-order modulation, such as 6, 8, 10, 12. The number of bits the indicator occupied can be related to the number of supported modulation orders. For example, when supporting 6, 8, 10, 12, the modulation order indication may occupy at least 2 bits.
[0114] Code rate index indication: The code rate index indication can be a DCI signaling, may indicate the code rate, such as 0-3 corresponding to code rate CR1, CR2, CR3. The number of bits the indicator occupied can be related to the number of supported code rates, such as occupying 2 bits when supporting code rate indices 0-3.
[0115] Modulation order indication and / or code rate index indication: The modulation order indication and / or code rate index indication can be newly defined in the DCI or reuse some field in the DCI. In some embodiments, when the modulation order indication and code rate index indication occupy the same number of bits as the modulation and coding scheme indication, according to the enabler indicator, the modulation and coding scheme indication can be reused as modulation order indication and code rate index indication. In some embodiments, when the number of bits occupied by the modulation order indication and the code rate index indication is less than the number of bits of the modulation and coding scheme, according to the enabler indicator, the modulation and coding scheme indication can be reused as modulation order indication and code rate index indication, and the redundant state can be set as reserved. In some embodiments, when the number of bits occupied by the modulation order indication and the code rate index indication is larger than the number of bits of the modulation and coding scheme, according to the enabler indicator, the modulation and coding scheme indication can be reused as modulation order indication and code rate index indication, and other fields in DCI can be used as extension bits for modulation order and rate index indication. The other field (s) can be at least one of: a frequency domain resource assignment field, a time domain resource assignment field, a frequency hopping flag field, a new data indicator field, a redundancy version field, a HARQ process number field, a TPC command for scheduled PUSCH field, a downlink assignment index field, a reserved bits field, a PUCCH resource indicator field, or a PDSCH-to-HARQ feedback timing indicator field.
[0116] Adaptive Modulation Constellation Process Using AI and UE-Reported Assistance Information
[0117] In modern wireless communication systems, a base station (e.g., gNB or eNB) may utilize artificial intelligence (AI) technology combined with assistance information reported by a user equipment (UE) to dynamically adapt the modulation constellation. This process may optimize the trade-off between spectral efficiency and link reliability, improving overall network performance.
[0118] Assistance Information Reported by UE
[0119] In some embodiments, the UE may report various types of assistance information to the base station, which can be for enabling adaptive modulation and coding scheme (MCS) selection / modulation constellation. The assistance information may include at least one of: signal measurement information, a frequency and time offset, or a movement state (e.g., mobility state (e.g., speed, direction) ) . The signal measurement information may include at least one of: a measured signal strength, channel state information (CSI) , or a signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) . The measured signal strength (e.g., RSRP, RSSI) may indicate an average received signal power. In some embodiments, the base station may use this information to assess the signal's strength, especially useful in edge-cell or weak signal scenarios. For poor signal conditions, the modulation order may be reduced (e.g., from 64QAM to 16QAM) to improve reliability. The channel state information (CSI) may include at least one of: a Precoding Matrix Indicator (PMI) , a Rank Indicator (RI) , or a Channel Quality Indicator (CQI) . The precoding matrix indicator (PMI) may guide the base station to select the optimal precoding matrix for multiple input and multiple output (MIMO) systems. The rank indicator (RI) may reflect the number of spatial data streams the channel can support. The channel quality indicator (CQI) may recommend the highest MCS achievable at a target block error rate (BLER) (e.g., 10%) . The CSI may help the base station determine / understand the real-time channel conditions, forming a basis for dynamic modulation order adjustments. In some embodiments, the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) may reflect the quality of the received signal relative to interference and noise. The base station may select the modulation order based on SINR (e.g., higher SINR may allow the use of higher-order modulation like 256QAM, while lower SINR may require fallback to QPSK) . In some embodiments, the UE may report its movement state, such as speed and direction, which affects Doppler shifts and time-selective channel characteristics. The base station may use this information to predict rapid channel variations. AI algorithms may adjust modulation parameters (e.g., reduce modulation order) proactively to ensure reliable communication.
[0120] Adaptive Modulation Constellation Process
[0121] The step-by-step process of modulation constellation adaptation using AI and UE-reported assistance information can be as follows.
[0122] Assistance Information Reporting: The UE may continuously monitor the channel conditions. The UE may report assistance information to the base station via a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) for periodic reports.
[0123] Channel Quality Evaluation: Upon receiving the UE-reported information, the base station may evaluate the channel quality using AI models. The base station may combine historical data with real-time information to predict short-term channel fluctuations.
[0124] Modulation Scheme Selection: Based on the channel quality assessment, the base station may select the appropriate modulation constellation order.
[0125] In some embodiments, the UE, based on the measured quality of the downlink signal or channel, may send a request message to the base station with the aim of optimizing the communication link's performance. This request message may include a specific modulation constellation or target coding rate recommended based on the current channel conditions. The request message may request the base station to select the modulation constellation and / or code rate to send the transmission.
[0126] In some embodiments, the UE can transmit the request message through various methods, including, but not limited to, a specific format of a physical random access channel (PRACH) , a random access occasion (RO) , a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) , or a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) . In some embodiments, the message can be embedded in a physical layer field of Msg 3 during the random access procedure or appended to a higher-layer field of Msg 3.
[0127] Configuration and Methods for Capacity Expansion of a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) Transmission
[0128] To address the challenges posed by limited resources and a larger number of user equipments (UEs) , one approach can be to enhance uplink capacity (e.g., orthogonal cover codes (OCC) application, or other sequence application) . With the adoption of non-terrestrial networks (NTN) , satellite communication systems may serve a broader and more diverse range of UEs due to their extensive coverage. Enhancements for uplink (UL) coverage can be as part of new radio (NR) NTN enhancements, including techniques like repetitions. Additionally, for certain use cases like internet of things (IoT) , repetitions can be employed / supported to extend uplink coverage. In the following, the configuration for sequence (e.g., OCC) is investigated including sequence index, sequence length, sequence enabler (e.g., whether to enable OCC feature) .
[0129] NPUSCH Format 1 can be used / employed for UL data transmission. Resource units can be used to describe the mapping of the NPUSCH to resource elements. A resource unit can be defined as single carrier frequency division multiplexing access (SC-FDMA) symbols in the time domain and consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain.
[0130] Each NPUSCH codeword can be mapped to one or more than one resource units, NRU. Each of which can be transmitted times, which can be configured by a higher layer signaling (e.g., Msg3 repetition number field in UL grant of RAR) or repetition number field in corresponding DCI (e.g., format N0) , and may represent the number of NPUSCH repetitions. Meanwhile, in order to improve uplink soft coverage and ensure data transmission quality, after mapping to Nslots slots, the Nslots slots can be repeated additional times, before continuing the following slot mapping, where:
[0131] In certain implementations, where repetitions are configured for PUSCH, the data and the associated demodulation reference signal (DMRS) can be the same in each repetition, with the same redundancy versions among repetitions. However, in certain implementations involving multiplexing multiple UEs in the same frequency and / or time domain resources, the data parts can be multiplexed in a non-orthogonal way / manner, which may increase the decoding complexity to eliminate interference from other UEs. In certain implementations, to introduce orthogonality among UEs, each UE may use a sequence multiplied by its data part. In certain implementations, this may allow / enable the UE to be distinguished by its sequence, allowing for the extraction of the data part from the multiplexed signals. For example, consider the sequence [+1 +1; +1 -1] : UE1 selects the sequence [+1 +1] , and UE2 selects the sequence [+1 -1] . Each UE can have two repetitions with the same content. UE1 and UE2 can transmit X1 and X2, respectively, at the same time and / or frequency domain resources. As a result, the superimposed signal can be denoted as Y1 and Y2 at the positions of the first and second repetitions. Additionally, as depicted in FIG. 3, X1 and X2 can be calculated as functions of Y1 and Y2 and their corresponding channel state information.
[0132] For the sequence index, it can be configured by a DCI scheduling PUSCH. The field in the DCI can be sequence length / Redundancy version / New data indicator / Number of scheduled TB for Unicast / HARQ process number / Resource reservation. For example, when the filed occupy 1 bit, it means, “0” represents sequence index 0, “1” represents sequence index 1, or “1” represents sequence index 0, “0” represents sequence index 1. For example, when the filed occupy 2 bit, it means, “00” represents sequence index 0, “01” represents sequence index 1, “10” represents sequence index 2, “11” represents sequence index 3, and vice versa. When the sequence enabler is configured, UE can reinterpret the existing field as the sequence index indication. When the sequence length is configured / determined, UE can reinterpret the existing field as the sequence index indication.
[0133] For the sequence length, it can be associated with existing parameter for PUSCH, for example, or sequence enabler. For example, the sequence length is equal to / determined by the For example, the sequence length is equal to / determined by the For example, the is equal to / determined by the sequence length. For example, when the sequence enabler is configured as enabled, the sequence length is determined (e.g., sequence length 2) . Then, the OCC can be applied to same PUSCH transmitted on the resource.
[0134] For the sequence enabler, it can be configured by high layer signaling or associated with the sequence index. For example, when the sequence length is configured / determined, multiple UEs are enabled to apply the sequence to the PUSCH.
[0135] It should be understood that one or more features from the above / following implementation examples are not exclusive to the specific implementation examples, but can be combined in any manner (e.g., in any priority and / or order, concurrently or otherwise) .
[0136] FIG. 4 illustrates a flow diagram of a method 400 for modulation and adaptation. The method 400 may be implemented using any one or more of the components and devices detailed herein in conjunction with FIGs. 1–3. In overview, the method 400 may be performed by a wireless communication device (e.g., a UE) , in some embodiments. Additional, fewer, or different operations may be performed in the method 400 depending on the embodiment. At least one aspect of the operations is directed to a system, method, apparatus, or a computer-readable medium.
[0137] A wireless communication device (e.g., a user equipment (UE) ) may receive a first indicator. The wireless communication device may perform a communication according to the first indicator. The communication may comprise at least one of: a transmission, by the wireless communication device to a wireless communication node (e.g., a base station (BS) ) ; or a reception, by the wireless communication device from the wireless communication node.
[0138] In some embodiments, the first indicator can be at least one of: a second indicator that is indicative of a first modulation scheme from a plurality of modulation schemes; a third indicator that is indicative of a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) table from a plurality of MCS tables; or a fourth indicator that is indicative of a MCS from the MCS table. The MCS may comprise at least one of: a modulation order from a plurality of modulation orders, a target code rate from a plurality of target code rates, a modulation constellation from a plurality of modulation constellations, or a spectral efficiency of a plurality of spectral efficiency; a fifth indicator that is indicative of a modulation order from a plurality of modulation orders; or a sixth indicator that is indicative of a target code rate from a plurality of target code rates.
[0139] In some embodiments, the transmission may comprise a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmission. The reception may comprise at least one of: a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) reception or a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) reception. In some embodiments, the wireless communication device may transmit a message to the wireless communication node. The message may comprise a capability report. The capability report may indicate at least one modulation scheme supported by the wireless communication device, via at least one of: a format of a physical random access channel (PRACH) ; an occasion of a random access channel (RACHO) ; a field of a physical layer in Msg 3; or a field of a higher layer in Msg 3.
[0140] In some embodiments, the plurality of modulation schemes may comprise at least one of: a probabilistic amplitude shaping (PAS) ; a probabilistic constellation shaping (PCS) ; a uniform constellation (UC) ; or a non-uniform constellation (NUC) . The plurality of MCS tables may comprise at least one of: a first MCS table comprises at least one of: a plurality of MCS indexes, a plurality of modulation orders, a plurality of modulation constellations, a plurality of target code rates, or a plurality of spectral efficiencies; or a second MCS table having a modulation order comprises at least one of: a plurality of target code rates, a plurality of modulation constellations, or a plurality of spectral efficiencies. The plurality of modulation orders may comprise at least one of: pi / 2-BPSK, BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM, 1024QAM, 4096QAM, or other higher modulation order.
[0141] In some embodiments, the second indicator may comprise at least one of: an indicator via a high layer signaling; an indicator represented by a downlink control information (DCI) signaling being scrambled by a radio network temporary identifier (RNTI) ; or at least one specific field of the DCI signaling. The high layer signaling may comprise at least one of: a radio resource control (RRC) signaling, a master information block (MIB) signaling, a system information block (SIB) signaling, or a medium access control control element (MAC CE) signaling. The RNTI can be configured by the high layer signaling or predefined. The at least one specific field may include a field of: a frequency domain resource assignment, a time domain resource assignment, a frequency hopping flag, a new data indicator, a redundancy version (RV) , a number of hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) processes, a transmit power control (TPC) command for a scheduled physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmission, a downlink assignment index, reserved bits, a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) resource indicator, or a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) -to-HARQ feedback timing indicator.
[0142] In some embodiments, in response to a value of the indicator being configured and valid, the wireless communication device may determine the first modulation scheme from the plurality of modulation schemes according to the value. In response to the indicator represented by the DCI signaling being scrambled by a specific RNTI, the wireless communication device may determine the first modulation scheme. In response to a value of the indicator being configured via at least one specific field of the DCI signaling, the wireless communication device may determine the first modulation scheme.
[0143] In some embodiments, whether determining the first modulation scheme via at least one specific field of the DCI signaling field may correspond to satisfaction of a condition. The condition may include at least one of: an enabler indicator is indicated as enabled via a high layer signaling; or a downlink control information (DCI) signaling being scrambled by a radio network temporary identifier (RNTI) .
[0144] In some embodiments, the third indicator may comprise at least one of: an indicator defined via a high layer signaling, to indicate a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) table from the plurality of MCS tables; a field of an indicator defined via a high layer signaling, being extended to indicate a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) table from the plurality of MCS tables; a newly defined field via a high layer signaling or a DCI signaling, to indicate a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) table from the plurality of MCS tables; or at least one specific field of the DCI signaling, to indicate a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) table from the plurality of MCS tables. The high layer signaling may comprise at least one of: a radio resource control (RRC) signaling, a master information block (MIB) signaling, a system information block (SIB) signaling, or a medium access control control element (MAC CE) signaling. The at least one specific field may include a field of: a frequency domain resource assignment, a time domain resource assignment, a frequency hopping flag, a new data indicator, a redundancy version (RV) , a number of hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) processes, a transmit power control (TPC) command for a scheduled physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmission, a downlink assignment index, reserved bits, a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) resource indicator, a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) -to-HARQ feedback timing indicator, or a MCS field. In some embodiments, the wireless communication device may determine the MCS table from the plurality of MCS tables according to the third indicator.
[0145] In some embodiments, the fourth indicator may comprise: at least one specific field of the DCI signaling, to indicate a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) from the MCS table. The at least one specific field may include a field of: a frequency domain resource assignment, a time domain resource assignment, a frequency hopping flag, a new data indicator, a redundancy version (RV) , a number of hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) processes, a transmit power control (TPC) command for a scheduled physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmission, a downlink assignment index, reserved bits, a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) resource indicator, a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) -to-HARQ feedback timing indicator, or a MCS field.
[0146] In some embodiments, the wireless communication device may determine a modulation order corresponding to the fourth indicator. In some embodiments, the wireless communication device may determine a modulation constellation from a plurality of modulation constellations corresponding to the determined modulation order. In some embodiments, determining the modulation constellation can be associated with at least one of following factors: a MCS index level, a target code rate, a signal to noise ratio (SINR) level, or an energy threshold. In some embodiments, each of the at least one factor can be related to a respective one of the at least one modulation constellation. Multiple ones of the at least one factor can be related to one of the at least one modulation constellation.
[0147] In some embodiments, the wireless communication device may determine a modulation order according to the fifth indicator. The fifth indicator can be indicated via a downlink control information (DCI) signaling. In some embodiments, the modulation order may correspond to a second MCS table. The second MCS table can be a table that supports a plurality of modulation constellations each corresponding to a respective code rate.
[0148] In some embodiments, the wireless communication device may determine a third MCS table according to the determined modulation order. In some embodiments, whether to determine a modulation order according to the fifth indicator may be based on whether a condition is met / satisfied. The condition may include at least one of: an indicator indicating a high modulation order is enabled, configured by a high layer signaling.
[0149] In some embodiments, the wireless communication device may determine a target code rate according to the sixth indicator. The sixth indicator can be indicated via a downlink control information (DCI) signaling. In some embodiments, the wireless communication device may determine based on a determined third MCS table, a modulation constellation corresponding to the determined target code rate.
[0150] In some embodiments, the wireless communication device may send a message to the wireless communication node. The wireless communication device may perform the communication according to the message. The message may comprise a request for at least one of: a modulation constellation, or a target code rate. In some embodiments, sending the message can be via at least one of: a format of a physical random access channel (PRACH) ; an occasion of a random access (RO, or RACH occasion) ; a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) ; a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) ; a field of a physical layer in Msg 3; or a field of a higher layer in Msg 3.
[0151] In some embodiments, the wireless communication device may send an assistance information to the wireless communication node. The assistance information may comprise an indication of at least one of: a measured signal strength (e.g., a RSRP, a RSRQ) ; a channel state information including at least one of: a Precoding Matrix Indicator (PMI) , a Rank Indicator (RI) , a Channel Quality Indicator (CQI) ; a Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise Ratio level; a frequency offset; a time offset; or a movement state.
[0152] In some embodiments, a wireless communication node (e.g., a base station (BS) ) may send a first indicator to a wireless communication device (e.g., a user equipment (UE) ) . The wireless communication node may perform a communication according to the first indicator. The communication may comprise at least one of: a transmission, by the wireless communication node to a wireless communication device; or a reception, by the wireless communication node from the wireless communication device.
[0153] While various embodiments of the present solution have been described above, it should be understood that they have been presented by way of example only, and not by way of limitation. Likewise, the various diagrams may depict an example architectural or configuration, which are provided to enable persons of ordinary skill in the art to understand example features and functions of the present solution. Such persons would understand, however, that the solution is not restricted to the illustrated example architectures or configurations, but can be implemented using a variety of alternative architectures and configurations. Additionally, as would be understood by persons of ordinary skill in the art, one or more features of one embodiment can be combined with one or more features of another embodiment described herein. Thus, the breadth and scope of the present disclosure should not be limited by any of the above-described illustrative embodiments.
[0154] It is also understood that any reference to an element herein using a designation such as "first, " "second, " and so forth does not generally limit the quantity or order of those elements. Rather, these designations can be used herein as a convenient means of distinguishing between two or more elements or instances of an element. Thus, a reference to first and second elements does not mean that only two elements can be employed, or that the first element must precede the second element in some manner.
[0155] Additionally, a person having ordinary skill in the art would understand that information and signals can be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits and symbols, for example, which may be referenced in the above description can be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof.
[0156] A person of ordinary skill in the art would further appreciate that any of the various illustrative logical blocks, modules, processors, means, circuits, methods and functions described in connection with the aspects disclosed herein can be implemented by electronic hardware (e.g., a digital implementation, an analog implementation, or a combination of the two) , firmware, various forms of program or design code incorporating instructions (which can be referred to herein, for convenience, as "software" or a "software module) , or any combination of these techniques. To clearly illustrate this interchangeability of hardware, firmware and software, various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps have been described above generally in terms of their functionality. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware, firmware or software, or a combination of these techniques, depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the overall system. Skilled artisans can implement the described functionality in various ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions do not cause a departure from the scope of the present disclosure.
[0157] Furthermore, a person of ordinary skill in the art would understand that various illustrative logical blocks, modules, devices, components and circuits described herein can be implemented within or performed by an integrated circuit (IC) that can include a general purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP) , an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) , a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, or any combination thereof. The logical blocks, modules, and circuits can further include antennas and / or transceivers to communicate with various components within the network or within the device. A general purpose processor can be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor can be any conventional processor, controller, or state machine. A processor can also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other suitable configuration to perform the functions described herein.
[0158] If implemented in software, the functions can be stored as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Thus, the steps of a method or algorithm disclosed herein can be implemented as software stored on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media includes both computer storage media and communication media including any medium that can be enabled to transfer a computer program or code from one place to another. A storage media can be any available media that can be accessed by a computer. By way of example, and not limitation, such computer-readable media can include RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a computer.
[0159] In this document, the term "module" as used herein, refers to software, firmware, hardware, and any combination of these elements for performing the associated functions described herein. Additionally, for purpose of discussion, the various modules are described as discrete modules; however, as would be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art, two or more modules may be combined to form a single module that performs the associated functions according embodiments of the present solution.
[0160] Additionally, memory or other storage, as well as communication components, may be employed in embodiments of the present solution. It will be appreciated that, for clarity purposes, the above description has described embodiments of the present solution with reference to different functional units and processors. However, it will be apparent that any suitable distribution of functionality between different functional units, processing logic elements or domains may be used without detracting from the present solution. For example, functionality illustrated to be performed by separate processing logic elements, or controllers, may be performed by the same processing logic element, or controller. Hence, references to specific functional units are only references to a suitable means for providing the described functionality, rather than indicative of a strict logical or physical structure or organization.
[0161] Various modifications to the embodiments described in this disclosure will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be applied to other embodiments without departing from the scope of this disclosure. Thus, the disclosure is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the novel features and principles disclosed herein, as recited in the claims below.
Claims
1.A method comprising:receiving, by a wireless communication device from a wireless communication node, a first indicator; andperforming, by the wireless communication device, a communication according to the first indicator,wherein the communication comprises at least one of: a transmission, by the wireless communication device to a wireless communication node; or a reception, by the wireless communication device from the wireless communication node.2.The method of claim 1, wherein the first indicator comprises at least one of:a second indicator that is indicative of a first modulation scheme from a plurality of modulation schemes;a third indicator that is indicative of a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) table from a plurality of MCS tables; ora fourth indicator that is indicative of a MCS from the MCS table;wherein the MCS comprises at least one of: a modulation order from a plurality of modulation orders, a target code rate from a plurality of target code rates, a modulation constellation from a plurality of modulation constellations, or a spectral efficiency from a plurality of spectral efficiency;a fifth indicator that is indicative of a modulation order from a plurality of modulation orders; ora sixth indicator that is indicative of a target code rate from a plurality of target code rates.3.The method of claim 1, wherein at least one of:the transmission comprises a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmission; orthe reception comprises at least one of: a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) reception or a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) reception.4.The method of claim 1, comprising:transmitting, by the wireless communication device to the wireless communication node, a message,wherein the message comprises a capability report; andwherein the capability report indicates at least one modulation scheme supported by the wireless communication device, via at least one of:a format of a physical random access channel (PRACH) ;an occasion of a random access (RO) ;a field of a physical layer in Msg 3; ora field of a higher layer in Msg 3.5.The method of claim 2, wherein at least one of:the plurality of modulation schemes comprises at least one of:a probabilistic amplitude shaping (PAS) ;a probabilistic constellation shaping (PCS) ;a uniform constellation (UC) ; ora non-uniform constellation (NUC) ;the plurality of MCS tables comprises at least one of:a first MCS table that comprises at least one of: a plurality of MCS indexes, a plurality of modulation orders, a plurality of modulation constellations, a plurality of target code rates, or a plurality of spectral efficiencies; ora second MCS table having a modulation order, that comprises at least one of: a plurality of target code rates, a plurality of modulation constellations, or a plurality of spectral efficiencies; orthe plurality of modulation orders comprises at least one of: pi / 2-BPSK, BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM, 1024QAM, 4096QAM, or other higher modulation order.6.The method of claim 2, wherein the second indicator comprises at least one of:an indicator via a high layer signaling, wherein the high layer signaling comprises at least one of: a radio resource control (RRC) signaling, a master information block (MIB) signaling, a system information block (SIB) signaling, or a medium access control control element (MAC CE) signaling;an indicator represented by a downlink control information (DCI) signaling being scrambled by a radio network temporary identifier (RNTI) , wherein the RNTI is configured by the high layer signaling or predefined; oran indicator via at least one specific field of the DCI signaling, wherein the at least one specific field includes a field of: a frequency domain resource assignment, a time domain resource assignment, a frequency hopping flag, a new data indicator, a redundancy version (RV) , a number of hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) processes, a transmit power control (TPC) command for a scheduled physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmission, a downlink assignment index, reserved bits, a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) resource indicator, or a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) -to-HARQ feedback timing indicator.7.The method of claim 6, comprising at least one of:in response to a value of the indicator being configured and valid, determining, by the wireless communication device, the first modulation scheme from the plurality of modulation schemes according to the value;in response to the indicator represented by the DCI signaling being scrambled by a specific RNTI, determining, by the wireless communication device, the first modulation scheme; orin response to a value of the indicator being configured via at least one specific field of the DCI signaling, determining, by the wireless communication device, the first modulation scheme.8.The method of claim 7, wherein whether to determine the first modulation scheme via at least one specific field of the DCI signaling field, is based on whether a condition is satisifed, wherein the condition includes at least one of:an enabler indicator is indicated as enabled via a high layer signaling; ora downlink control information (DCI) signaling that is scrambled by a radio network temporary identifier (RNTI) .9.The method of claim 2, wherein the third indicator comprises at least one of:an indicator defined via a high layer signaling to indicate a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) table from the plurality of MCS tables, wherein the high layer signaling comprises at least one of: a radio resource control (RRC) signaling, a master information block (MIB) signaling, a system information block (SIB) signaling, or a medium access control control element (MAC CE) signaling;a field of an indicator defined via a high layer signaling, being extended to indicate a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) table from the plurality of MCS tables;a newly defined field via a high layer signaling or a DCI signaling, to indicate a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) table from the plurality of MCS tables; orat least one specific field of the DCI signaling, to indicate a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) table from the plurality of MCS tables, wherein the at least one specific field includes a field of: a frequency domain resource assignment, a time domain resource assignment, a frequency hopping flag, a new data indicator, a redundancy version (RV) , a number of hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) processes, a transmit power control (TPC) command for a scheduled physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmission, a downlink assignment index, reserved bits, a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) resource indicator, a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) -to-HARQ feedback timing indicator, or a MCS field.10.The method of claim 9, comprising:determining, by the wireless communication device, the MCS table from the plurality of MCS tables according to the third indicator.11.The method of claim 2, wherein the fourth indicator comprises:at least one specific field of the DCI signaling, to indicate a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) from the MCS table, wherein the at least one specific field includes a field of: a frequency domain resource assignment, a time domain resource assignment, a frequency hopping flag, a new data indicator, a redundancy version (RV) , a number of hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) processes, a transmit power control (TPC) command for a scheduled physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmission, a downlink assignment index, reserved bits, a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) resource indicator, a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) -to-HARQ feedback timing indicator, or a MCS field.12.The method of claim 11, comprising:determining, by the wireless communication device, a modulation order corresponding to the fourth indicator.13.The method of claim 12, comprising:determining, by the wireless communication device, a modulation constellation from a plurality of modulation constellations corresponding to the determined modulation order.14.The method of claim 13, wherein determining the modulation constellation is associated with at least one of following factors:a MCS index level, a target code rate, a signal to noise ratio (SINR) level, or an energy threshold.15.The method of claim 14, wherein:each of the at least one factor is related to a respective one of the at least one modulation constellation, ormultiple ones of the at least one factor are related to one of the at least one modulation constellation.16.The method of claim 2, comprising:determining, by the wireless communication device, a modulation order according to the fifth indicator;wherein the fifth indicator is indicated via a downlink control information (DCI) signaling.17.The method of claim 16, wherein the modulation order corresponds to a second MCS table, and the second MCS table is a table that supports a plurality of modulation constellations each corresponding to a respective code rate.18.The method of claim 16, comprising:determining, by the wireless communication device, a third MCS table according to the determined modulation order.19.The method of claim 16, wherein whether to determine a modulation order according to the fifth indicator, is based on whether a condition is satisifed, wherein the condition includes:an indicator indicating a high modulation order is enabled, configured by a high layer signaling.20.The method of claim 2, comprising:determining, by the wireless communication device, a target code rate according to the sixth indicator;wherein the sixth indicator is indicated via a downlink control information (DCI) signaling.21.The method of claim 20, comprising:determining based on a determined third MCS table, by the wireless communication device, a modulation constellation corresponding to the determined target code rate.22.The method of claim 1, comprising:sending, by the wireless communication device to the wireless communication node, a message; andperforming, by the wireless communication device, the communication according to the message,wherein the message comprises a request for at least one of: a modulation constellation, or a target code rate.23.The method of claim 22, wherein sending the message is via at least one of:a format of a physical random access channel (PRACH) ;an occasion of a random access (RO) ;a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) ;a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) ;a field of a physical layer in Msg 3; ora field of a higher layer in Msg 3.24.The method of claim 1, comprising:sending, by the wireless communication device to the wireless communication node, an assistance information, the assistance information comprising an indication of at least one of:a measured signal strength;a channel state information including at least one of: a Precoding Matrix Indicator (PMI) , a Rank Indicator (RI) , a Channel Quality Indicator (CQI) ;a Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise Ratio level;a frequency offset;a time offset; ora movement state.25.A method comprising:sending, by a wireless communication node to a wireless communication device , a first indicator; andperforming, by the wireless communication node, a communication according to the first indicator,wherein the communication comprises at least one of: a transmission, by the wireless communication node to a wireless communication device; or a reception, by the wireless communication node from the wireless communication device.26.A non-transitory computer readable medium storing instructions, which when executed by at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to perform the method of any one of claims 1-25.27.An apparatus comprising:at least one processor configured to perform the method of any one of claims 1-25.