Preparation process and solid-state battery

Abstract

The present application relates to a preparation process and a solid-state battery. The preparation process comprises: obtaining a battery stack; wrapping an isostatic pressing film around the stack to form a pressure-retaining member; performing a pressure-retaining treatment on the pressure-retaining member; adhering one end of a peel-off tape to the isostatic pressing film; and clamping the other end of the peel-off tape to peel the isostatic pressing film off of the stack. The preparation process and the solid-state battery according to the embodiments of the present application have the advantage of a higher production efficiency.

Description

Fabrication process and solid-state batteries Related applications

[0001] This application incorporates Chinese Patent Application No. 2024118137799, filed on December 10, 2024, entitled “Preparation Process and Solid-State Battery”, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a fabrication process and a solid-state battery. Background Technology

[0003] Currently, judging from market trends, battery applications are becoming increasingly widespread. Batteries are not only used in energy storage systems such as hydropower, thermal power, wind power, and solar power plants, but also extensively in electric vehicles such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, and electric cars, as well as in aerospace and other fields. With the continuous expansion of battery applications, market demand is also constantly increasing.

[0004] Currently, in the battery production process, the thin film covering the surface is difficult to peel off, resulting in low production efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a manufacturing process and a solid-state battery to address the problem of low production efficiency.

[0006] The first aspect of this application provides a manufacturing process, comprising: obtaining a stack of batteries; covering the stack with an isostatic film to form a pressure-holding component; performing a pressure-holding treatment on the pressure-holding component; attaching one end of an easy-tear adhesive to the isostatic film; and holding the other end of the easy-tear adhesive to peel the isostatic film off the stack.

[0007] In one embodiment, the step of obtaining the battery stack includes: stacking a negative electrode, a solid electrolyte, and a positive electrode; and laying adhesive tape layers on the negative electrode and the positive electrode respectively to form the stack.

[0008] In one embodiment, the adhesive layer includes at least one of polyimide, polytetrafluoroethylene, polypropylene, polyimide, silicone, and natural rubber.

[0009] In one embodiment, the isostatic membrane includes at least one of aluminum-plastic membrane, polyethylene membrane, polypropylene membrane, polyvinyl chloride membrane, and polyethylene terephthalate membrane.

[0010] In one embodiment, an isostatic membrane is coated onto the stack and encapsulated using heat sealing, ultrasonic roll welding, or laser welding.

[0011] In one embodiment, the step of performing pressure holding treatment on the pressure holding component specifically includes: using a working medium to uniformly squeeze the pressure holding component from all sides under a preset pressure and a preset temperature, and continuing for a preset time.

[0012] In one embodiment, the preset pressure is 100MPa to 3000MPa; the preset temperature is 15℃ to 500℃; the preset time is 10min to 30min; and the working medium is ester, water, or inert gas.

[0013] In one embodiment, after the step of performing pressure holding treatment on the pressure holding member, the method further includes cleaning the pressure holding member.

[0014] In one embodiment, the step of cleaning the pressure holding component specifically includes: air cleaning the surface of the pressure holding component; immersing the pressure holding component in a cleaning agent and performing ultrasonic cleaning; removing the pressure holding component from the cleaning agent and sequentially performing air cleaning, laser cleaning, and centrifugal cleaning.

[0015] In one embodiment, the easy-tear adhesive includes a first adhesive region and a second non-adhesive region; wherein the first region of the easy-tear adhesive is used to adhere to the isostatic pressing membrane; and the second region of the easy-tear adhesive is used to be externally clamped to peel the isostatic pressing membrane from the stack.

[0016] In one embodiment, the easy-tear adhesive includes a base film and an adhesive; the adhesive is applied to a portion of the base film to form a first region; other regions of the base film form a second region; the base film includes at least one of a polyethylene film, a polypropylene film, a polyvinyl chloride film, a polyimide film, and a polyethylene terephthalate film; the adhesive includes at least one of a natural rubber, polyacrylic acid, and a polyacrylate.

[0017] In one embodiment, the area ratio of the first region to the second region is 0.1 to 0.25.

[0018] In one embodiment, the viscosity of the first region is 20 N / m to 300 N / m.

[0019] In one embodiment, before the step of attaching one end of the easy-tear adhesive to the isostatic pressing film, the method includes: cutting the edge of the encapsulation film so that the distance from the edge of the encapsulation film to the stack is A, which satisfies 10mm≤A≤200mm; wherein, the edge of the encapsulation film is defined as the sealing edge formed around the stack by the edge region of the isostatic pressing film.

[0020] The second aspect of this application provides a solid-state battery, which is prepared using the above-described fabrication process.

[0021] The beneficial effects are as follows: The preparation process and solid-state battery of this application embodiment include: obtaining a battery stack; covering the stack with an isostatic film to form a pressure-holding component; performing pressure-holding treatment on the pressure-holding component; by attaching one end of an easy-tear sticker to the surface of one layer of the isostatic film, it is convenient for an external robot or operator to grasp the other end of the easy-tear sticker, thereby quickly peeling off the isostatic film to restore the stack, thereby facilitating the stack to perform subsequent production processes, and thus effectively improving production efficiency and cycle time, and increasing production efficiency.

[0022] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of this application and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, the following are specific embodiments of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments of this application will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the drawings without creative effort. In the drawings:

[0024] Figure 1 is a flowchart of the preparation process provided in the first embodiment of this application.

[0025] Figure 2 is a flowchart of the preparation process provided in the second embodiment of this application.

[0026] Figure 3 is a flowchart of the preparation process provided in the third embodiment of this application.

[0027] Figure 4 is a flowchart of the preparation process provided in the fourth embodiment of this application.

[0028] Figure 5 is a flowchart of the preparation process provided in the fifth embodiment of this application.

[0029] Figure 6 is a flowchart of the preparation process provided in the sixth embodiment of this application.

[0030] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a stack provided in some embodiments of this application.

[0031] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the transformation of the isostatic pressure film covering the stack body into a pressure-holding component according to some embodiments of this application, wherein the arrows represent the trend of change.

[0032] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the pressure holding component and the isostatic pressing device provided in some embodiments of this application, wherein the arrow represents the pressure direction.

[0033] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the pressure-holding component and the easy-tear sticker provided in some embodiments of this application.

[0034] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the easy-tear adhesive provided in some embodiments of this application.

[0035] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0036] Stack-10, negative electrode-11, solid electrolyte-12, positive electrode-13, adhesive tape layer-14, isostatic film-20, pressure holding component-30, easy-tear adhesive-40, first region-41, second region-42, pressing block-50, pressure vessel-60. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0038] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and foregoing description of the drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0039] In the description of the embodiments of this application, if the technical terms such as "first" and "second" appear, these terms are used only for descriptive purposes to distinguish different objects, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number, specific order or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features.

[0040] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0041] In the description of the embodiments in this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0042] In the description of the embodiments of this application, if the term "multiple" appears, "multiple" means at least two (including two), such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified. Similarly, if the term "multiple sets" appears, "multiple sets" refers to two or more sets (including two sets), and if the term "multiple pieces" appears, "multiple pieces" refers to two or more pieces (including two pieces).

[0043] In the description of the embodiments of this application, if the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. appear, these terms indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this application.

[0044] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the technical terms "installation," "connection," "joining," "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0045] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the use of descriptions such as "above" or "below" the second feature indicates that the first and second features are in direct contact or indirect contact via an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. Similarly, "below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0046] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. If so, the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0047] Currently, judging from market trends, battery applications are becoming increasingly widespread. Batteries are not only used in energy storage systems such as hydropower, thermal power, wind power, and solar power plants, but also extensively in electric vehicles such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, and electric cars, as well as in aerospace and other fields. With the continuous expansion of battery applications, market demand is also constantly increasing.

[0048] Solid-state batteries, as one of the future development trends of power batteries, have advantages such as high density, high energy density, and good safety. With the technological advancement of solid-state batteries, higher demands are being placed on their production efficiency. In related technologies, solid-state batteries often employ a pressure-holding process to achieve densification. Before pressure holding, the solid-state battery needs to be encapsulated with a film, and after pressure holding, the film is removed. However, after pressure holding, the two thin films are tightly adhered to each other, making it very difficult to manually tear them apart and easily damaging the internal solid-state battery, resulting in low production efficiency.

[0049] To alleviate the difficulty of tearing the film, an easy-tear adhesive structure can be designed to assist in tearing the film. By attaching one end of the easy-tear adhesive to the surface of the film, it is convenient for an external robot or operator to grasp the other end of the easy-tear adhesive, thereby quickly peeling off the film. This facilitates the subsequent production processes of the stacked body, effectively improving production efficiency and cycle time, and increasing production productivity.

[0050] This application provides a manufacturing process for producing batteries that can provide electrical energy to or store electrical energy in electrical devices. Electrical devices can be, but are not limited to, mobile phones, tablets, laptops, electric toys, power tools, electric vehicles, electric cars, ships, spacecraft, etc. Electric toys can include stationary or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys, and electric airplane toys, etc. Spacecraft can include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, and spacecraft, etc.

[0051] It should be understood that the batteries described in the embodiments of this application can be solid-state batteries using solid materials as electrolytes or liquid-state batteries using liquid materials as electrolytes; however, for the sake of brevity, unless otherwise specified, the batteries mentioned in the following embodiments are all solid-state batteries.

[0052] Figure 1 is a flowchart of the fabrication process provided in the first embodiment of this application. Referring to Figure 1, the first aspect of this application provides a fabrication process for fabricating a battery. The fabrication process includes:

[0053] S10, Obtain the battery stack 10.

[0054] S20. The isostatic pressure membrane 20 is wrapped around the stack 10 to form a pressure-holding component 30.

[0055] S30. Perform pressure holding treatment on the pressure holding component 30.

[0056] S40. Attach one end of the easy-tear adhesive tape 40 to the isostatic pressure membrane 20.

[0057] S50, holding the other end of the easy-tear adhesive 40, peel the isostatic pressure film 20 off the stack 10.

[0058] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a stack provided in some embodiments of this application.

[0059] As shown in Figure 7, in S10, the stacked negative electrode 11, solid electrolyte 12 and positive electrode 13 of the battery can be stacked in sequence to form a stack.

[0060] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram showing the transformation of the isostatic pressure membrane covering the stack body into a pressure-holding component according to some embodiments of this application.

[0061] In S20, an isostatic pressure membrane 20 is wrapped around the stack 10 to form a pressure-holding component 30. As shown in Figure 8, two isostatic pressure membranes 20 are closed from the top and bottom sides of the stack 10 respectively, covering the stack 10. The edge regions of the isostatic pressure membranes 20 form encapsulation membrane edges 21 around the stack 10. The isostatic pressure membranes 20 are wrapped around the stack 10 and can be encapsulated by heat sealing, ultrasonic roll welding or laser welding to achieve overall sealing of the stack 10 and prevent impurities from seeping in during the pressure-holding process.

[0062] Specifically, the isostatic pressure membrane 20 may include at least one of aluminum-plastic film, polyethylene film, polypropylene film, polyvinyl chloride film, and polyethylene terephthalate film. Taking aluminum-plastic film as an example, the aluminum-plastic film is wrapped around the stack 10 for sealing. As a stable composite film, aluminum-plastic film has extremely high barrier properties, good stamping formability, puncture resistance, electrolyte stability, and good insulation. In this way, the outer surface of the stack formed by the negative electrode, solid electrolyte, and positive electrode can be sealed, avoiding the situation in related technologies where the stack can only be squeezed from both sides, making the squeezing more uniform, and preventing the negative electrode, solid electrolyte, or positive electrode from being damaged due to excessive pressure.

[0063] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the pressure-holding component and the warm isostatic pressing equipment provided in some embodiments of this application.

[0064] In S30, the pressure-holding component 30 is subjected to pressure-holding treatment. As shown in Figure 9, the pressure-holding component can be uniformly squeezed from all sides by the working medium, thereby obtaining a higher density all-solid-state battery.

[0065] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the pressure-holding component and the easy-tear adhesive provided in some embodiments of this application. Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the easy-tear adhesive provided in some embodiments of this application.

[0066] In S40, one end of the easy-tear sticker 40 is adhered to the isostatic pressing membrane 20. In S50, the other end of the easy-tear sticker 40 is held and the isostatic pressing membrane 20 is peeled off from the stack 10.

[0067] Referring to Figures 10 and 11, by attaching one end of the easy-tear sticker 40 to the surface of one layer of isostatic pressing film 20, it is convenient for an external robot or operator to grasp the other end of the easy-tear sticker 40, thereby quickly peeling off the isostatic pressing film 20 to restore the stack 10. This facilitates the subsequent production process of the stack 10, thereby effectively improving production efficiency and cycle time, and increasing production efficiency.

[0068] The easy-tear adhesive label 40 includes a first region 41 located at one end and a second region 42 located at the opposite end. The first region 41 of the easy-tear adhesive label 40 is used to adhere to the isostatic pressing film 20; the second region of the easy-tear adhesive label 40 is used to be externally clamped to peel the isostatic pressing film 20 from the stack 10. By adhering the adhesive first region 41 to the surface of one layer of the isostatic pressing film 20, an external robot or operator can easily grasp the second region 42 of the easy-tear adhesive label 40, thereby quickly peeling off the isostatic pressing film 20 to restore the stack 10. This facilitates subsequent production processes on the stack 10, effectively improving production efficiency and cycle time, and increasing overall production productivity.

[0069] In some embodiments, the easy-tear adhesive 40 includes a base film (not shown) and an adhesive (not shown). The adhesive is applied to a portion of the base film to form a first region 41; other regions of the base film form a second region.

[0070] The base film includes at least one of polyethylene film, polypropylene film, polyvinyl chloride film, polyimide film, and polyethylene terephthalate film. The adhesive includes at least one of natural rubber, polyacrylic acid, and polyacrylate.

[0071] In some embodiments, the area ratio of the first region 41 to the second region is 0.1 to 0.25. The first region 41 of the easy-tear adhesive 40 is used to adhere to the isostatic pressing membrane 20, and its area ratio should not be too large. Typically, the area ratio of the first region 41 to the second region can be selected as 0.1 to 0.25, so that the easy-tear adhesive 40 and the isostatic pressing membrane 20 have sufficient adhesive force, and the second region of the easy-tear adhesive 40 has sufficient area to be easily gripped by an external robotic arm or operator, thereby quickly peeling the isostatic pressing membrane 20 from the stack 10.

[0072] In some embodiments, the adhesiveness of the first region 41 is 20 N / m to 300 N / m. The first region 41 of the easy-tear adhesive 40 is used to adhere to the isostatic pressing membrane 20. By ensuring that the adhesiveness of the first region 41 is 20 N / m to 300 N / m, sufficient adhesive force can be maintained between the easy-tear adhesive 40 and the isostatic pressing membrane 20. This avoids the situation where the easy-tear adhesive 40 and the isostatic pressing membrane 20 will fall off due to insufficient adhesive force, and also avoids the situation where the adhesive force between the two is too large, making it difficult to peel off the easy-tear adhesive 40. Ultimately, this allows the isostatic pressing membrane 20 to be quickly peeled off from the stack 10.

[0073] Figure 2 is a flowchart of the preparation process provided in the second embodiment of this application.

[0074] Referring to Figures 1, 2 and 7, in some possible embodiments, step S10, obtaining the battery stack 10, includes:

[0075] S11, stacked negative electrode 11, solid electrolyte 12 and positive electrode 13.

[0076] S12. Apply adhesive paper layers 14 to the negative electrode 11 and the positive electrode 13 respectively to form a stack 10.

[0077] In step S11, the negative electrode 11, solid electrolyte 12, and positive electrode 13 can be stacked, pre-pressed, or otherwise formed into an electrode assembly (not shown). A battery typically includes: a negative electrode 11, solid electrolyte 12, and positive electrode 13.

[0078] The negative electrode 11 includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material, and the negative electrode active material is coated on the negative electrode current collector. The negative electrode current collector of the embodiment of the present application can use at least one of pure lithium, a lithium alloy, and a lithium metal composite oxide. The lithium alloy may include any one or more of aluminum (Al), magnesium (Mg), potassium (K), sodium (Na), calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr), barium (Ba), silicon (Si), germanium (Ge), antimony (Sb), lead (Pb), indium (In), and zinc (Zn). The lithium metal composite oxide may include a composite of lithium and an oxide (MeOx) of any one metal (Me) selected from silicon (Si), tin (Sn), zinc (Zn), magnesium (Mg), cadmium (Cd), cerium (Ce), nickel (Ni), tungsten (W), and iron (Fe). For example, the lithium metal composite oxide may be LixFe2O3 (0 < x ≤ 1) or LixWO2 (0 < x ≤ 1).

[0079] The negative electrode current collector of the embodiment of the present application may have a protective layer, just like the negative electrode current collector used in a conventional secondary battery using an electrolyte solution. The protective layer may include any material as long as the material has lithium ion conductivity, does not interfere with the operation of the battery, and does not react with lithium. For example, a ceramic protective layer, a lithiated polyacrylic acid protective layer, etc. may be provided. The negative electrode current collector of the embodiment of the present application may use any protective layer as long as the protective layer improves the safety of the negative electrode current collector.

[0080] In addition, pure lithium or a pure lithium alloy may be used as the negative electrode current collector in the embodiment of the present application, or the negative electrode active material may be coated on the negative electrode current collector and dried for use.

[0081] In the solid-state battery of the embodiment of the present application, the negative electrode current collector may be formed to have a thickness of 2 micrometers (μm) to 1000 micrometers (μm). In order to increase the bonding force between the negative electrode current collector and the negative electrode active material or the solid electrolyte 12, a micro-sized concavo-convex structure may be formed on the surface of the negative electrode current collector, and the negative electrode current collector may be configured in any one of various forms (such as a film, a sheet, a foil, a net, a porous body, a foam body, or a non-woven fabric body).

[0082] The above-mentioned negative electrode active material can use carbon (e.g., non-graphitized carbon or graphite-like carbon), lithium metal, lithium alloy, silicon-based alloy, tin-based alloy, conductive polymer (e.g., polyacetylene), metal oxide (e.g., SnO, SnO2, PbO, PbO2, Pb2O3, Pb3O4, Sb2O3, Sb2O4, Sb2O5, GeO, GeO2, Bi2O3, Bi2O4 or Bi2O5) materials, metal composite oxides (e.g., LixFe2O3 (0 ≤ x ≤ 1), LixWO2 (0 ≤ x ≤ 1), SnxMe1-xMe'yOz; where, 0 < x ≤ 1; 1 ≤ y ≤ 3; 1 ≤ z ≤ 8; Me can represent manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), lead (Pb) or germanium (Ge); Me’ can represent aluminum (Al), boron (B), phosphorus (P), silicon (Si), Group 1, 2 and 3 elements of the periodic table, halogen).

[0083] The solid electrolyte 12 can include at least one of sulfide-based solid electrolytes, oxide-based solid electrolytes, and organic solid electrolytes.

[0084] The sulfide-based solid electrolyte has a high lithium ion conductivity of 10^(-2) S / cm to 10^(-3) S / cm, can easily form a contact interface between the electrode and the electrolyte, and has high mechanical strength and mechanical flexibility. In the embodiments of the present application, there is no particular limitation on the type of the sulfide-based solid electrolyte, and all known sulfide-based materials used in the battery field are acceptable. In the embodiments of the present application, the sulfide-based solid electrolyte includes Li6PS5Cl (LPSCl), Thio-LISICON (Li3.25Ge0.25P0.75S4), Li2S-P2S5-LiCl, Li2S-SiS2, LiI-Li2S-SiS2, LiI-Li2S-P2S5, LiI-Li2S-P2O5, LiI-Li3PO4-P2S5, Li2S-P2S5, Li3PS4, Li7P3S11, LiI-Li2S-B2S3, Li3PO4-Li2S-Si2S, Li3PO4-Li2S-SiS2, LiPO4-Li*2S-SiS, Li10GeP2S12, Li9.54Si1.74P1.44S11.7Cl0.3, and Li7P3S11.

[0085] It should be noted that in the original text, "LiPO*4-Li2S-SiS" seems to have an incorrect "*4", which is maintained in the translation for consistency with the original.Oxide-based solid electrolytes exhibit high safety in air and possess lithium-ion conductivity ranging from 10^(-3) S / cm to 10^(-4) S / cm, which is lower than, but relatively higher than, that of sulfide-based solid electrolytes. Furthermore, oxide-based solid electrolytes exhibit high electrochemical safety and mechanical strength. However, they also have high oxidation voltages. Additionally, solid electrolyte 12 exhibits high grain boundary resistance, making it difficult to form a contact interface between the electrode and the electrolyte, requiring high-temperature heat treatment processes of 1000°C or higher, and making scaling up difficult. In the embodiments of this application, the oxide-based solid electrolyte can be any known oxide material used in the field of lithium batteries. In the embodiments of this application, the oxide-based solid electrolyte includes perovskite solid electrolytes, sodium superionic conductor solid electrolytes (NASICON), lithium superionic conductor solid electrolytes (LISICON), and lithium lanthanum zirconium oxide solid electrolytes (LLZO).

[0086] Organic solid electrolytes are a type of solid electrolyte 12. Organic solid electrolytes can easily form electrode interfaces and minimize dendrite growth, thus ensuring stable reactions between organic solid electrolytes and lithium metal. The disadvantages of organic solid electrolytes are their relatively low lithium-ion conductivity and the fact that they typically require high-temperature operation. In this embodiment, the organic solid electrolyte comprises polyethylene oxide (PEO).

[0087] The thickness of the solid electrolyte 12 can be selected differently depending on the desired properties of the solid-state battery. Specifically, in some embodiments, the thickness of the solid electrolyte 12 can be from 0.1 μm to 1000 μm; in other embodiments, the thickness of the solid electrolyte 12 can be from 1 μm to 500 μm; in still other embodiments, the thickness of the solid electrolyte 12 can be from 20 μm to 30 μm; this application does not limit it in this regard.

[0088] The positive electrode 13 in this application embodiment typically includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active layer, with the positive electrode active layer coated on one side surface of the positive electrode current collector. In some embodiments, at least one side surface of the positive electrode current collector includes a central active material region and a blank region surrounding the central active material region, with the positive electrode active layer disposed in the central active material region.

[0089] The positive electrode active layer includes a positive electrode active material, a conductive agent, and a binder; the positive electrode active material includes a positive electrode active substrate and a coating layer on the surface of the positive electrode active substrate, and the coating layer includes an ion conductor material.

[0090] Specifically, the general chemical formula of the positive electrode active substrate includes LiNixCoyMzO2, where x≥0, y≥0, z≥0, and x+y+z=1, and M can represent at least one of manganese (Mn), aluminum (Al), zirconium (Zr), titanium (Ti), vanadium (V), magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe), and molybdenum (Mo). For example, the positive electrode active substrate includes at least one of LiNi0.8Co0.1M0.1O2, LiNi0.83Co0.11M0.06O2, LiNi0.85Co0.09M0.06O2, or LiNi0.88Co0.09M0.03O2.

[0091] Ion conductor materials include at least one of Li₂TiO₃ (lithium titanate), LiNbO₃ (lithium niobate), Li₃BO₃ (lithium borate), Li₂ZrO₃ (lithium zirconate), LiCoO₃ (lithium cobalt oxide), LiPO₃ (lithium phosphate), Li₂MnO₄ (lithium manganese oxide), Al(PO₃)₃ (aluminum metaphosphate), La(PO₃)₃ (lanthanum metaphosphate), and NaPO₃ (sodium metaphosphate). It can be any one of these materials, or a combination of two or more, such as a combination of Li₂TiO₃, LiNbO₃, and Li₃BO₃, or a combination of LiCoO₃ and LiPO₃.

[0092] The coating thickness is 1–10 nm. In one embodiment, the coating thickness includes, but is not limited to, 2 nm, 3 nm, 4 nm, 5 nm, 6 nm, 7 nm, 8 nm, 9 nm, and 10 nm. The aforementioned suitable coating thickness enables the positive electrode active material to possess excellent electrochemical performance.

[0093] The conductive agents in the embodiments of this application can generally include graphite (e.g., natural graphite or artificial graphite), carbon black (e.g., acetylene black, Ketjen black, channel black, furnace black, lamp black or thermal black), conductive fibers (e.g., carbon fibers or metal fibers), metal powders (e.g., fluorinated carbon powder, aluminum powder or nickel powder), conductive whiskers (e.g., zinc oxide or potassium titanate), conductive metal oxides (e.g., titanium oxide), or conductive materials (e.g., polyphenylene derivatives) can be used as conductive agents.

[0094] A binder is a component that facilitates the bonding between the positive electrode active material and the conductive agent, and the bonding with the current collector. Based on the total weight of the complex including the positive electrode active material, the binder is typically added in an amount from 0.1 to 30% by weight. In the embodiments of this application, the binder is not particularly limited, and any known binder can be used. For example, the binder can be any one or a mixture of two or more selected from the group consisting of polyamide-imide (PAI), polyimide (PI), polyamide (PA), polyamic acid, polyethylene oxide (PEO), polystyrene (PS), poly(ethylene-co-propylene-co-5-methylene-2-norbornene) (PEP-MNB), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP), polystyrene-acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (PS-NBR), poly(methacrylate)-acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (PMMA-NBR), and mixtures thereof.

[0095] In this embodiment, the positive electrode 13 uses at least one of stainless steel, aluminum, nickel, titanium, and aluminum or stainless steel surface-treated with carbon, nickel, titanium, or silver as a current collector.

[0096] The thickness of the positive current collector can be controlled within the range of 2μm to 1000μm. The materials used to fabricate the positive current collector are generally not limited, as long as they ensure good conductivity and do not react with other substances in the solid-state battery using the positive current collector.

[0097] In this embodiment, the positive current collector may be made of stainless steel, aluminum, nickel, or titanium. In other embodiments, the positive current collector may be made of aluminum or stainless steel with a surface treated with carbon, nickel, titanium, or silver. Micro-scale irregularities may be formed on the surface of the positive current collector to increase adhesion to the positive active mixture. The positive current collector may be configured in any of various forms (e.g., membrane, sheet, foil, mesh, porous body, foam, or nonwoven fabric).

[0098] In step S12, adhesive tape layers 14 are laid on the negative electrode 11 and the positive electrode 13 respectively to form a stack 10. Adhesive tape layers 14 are laid on the upper and lower sides of the electrode assembly. During step S30, the adhesive tape layers 14 can effectively prevent the isostatic film 20 from sticking to the electrode assembly, and facilitate the quick peeling of the isostatic film 20 by the easy-tear adhesive tape 40. This makes it easier for the stack 10 to perform subsequent production processes, and ultimately avoids the positive and negative current collectors of the battery from tearing. This can effectively improve production efficiency and cycle time, and increase production efficiency.

[0099] In some embodiments, the adhesive layer 14 includes at least one of polyimide, polytetrafluoroethylene, polypropylene, polyimide, silicone, and natural rubber.

[0100] Figure 3 is a flowchart of the preparation process provided in the third embodiment of this application.

[0101] Referring to Figures 1, 2, 3, and 9, in some possible embodiments, step S30, the pressure-holding process for the pressure-holding member 30, specifically includes:

[0102] S31. Under preset pressure and preset temperature, the working medium is used to uniformly squeeze the pressure-holding component 30 from all sides for a preset time.

[0103] Among them, S31 can be pressed using a warm isostatic pressing process.

[0104] The isostatic pressing process utilizes Pascal's principle, placing the pressure holding component 30 in a pressure vessel 60 filled with a working medium. The pressure vessel 60 applies a certain pressure to the working medium, which is then uniformly transmitted to the pressure holding component 30 in all directions. Under the action of isostatic pressure, the pressure holding component 30 undergoes a certain volume deformation, thereby achieving isostatic pressing. In some embodiments, this process can improve the density of the pressure holding component, thereby providing higher energy density and meeting the battery's usage requirements.

[0105] Specifically, the pressure-holding component 30 is placed inside a sealed pressure vessel 60. At a preset temperature, and according to a preset pressure and temperature, a working medium is used to uniformly compress the pressure-holding component 30 from all sides for a preset time. In some embodiments, this allows the pressure-holding component 30 to achieve higher density, thereby providing higher energy density to meet the battery's usage requirements. The preset pressure is 100MPa to 3000MPa; the preset temperature is 15℃ to 500℃; the preset time is 10min to 30min; and the working medium is ester, water, or an inert gas.

[0106] Specifically, the preset pressure is 200MPa to 2000MPa; the preset temperature is 25℃ to 300℃; and the preset time is 20min. Optionally, the pressure-holding component 30 can be placed inside a sealed pressure vessel 60, with heat-conducting oil as the working medium. Under the conditions of a preset temperature of 25℃ to 300℃ and a preset pressure of 200MPa to 2000MPa, the pressure-holding component 30 is uniformly compressed from all sides using the working medium for 20min. This allows the pressure-holding component 30 to achieve higher density in some embodiments, thereby providing higher energy density and meeting the battery's usage requirements. Specific parameters can be adjusted and set according to actual conditions, and this application embodiment does not limit this.

[0107] In some other possible embodiments, step S30 may be performed using a cold isostatic pressing process.

[0108] In the cold isostatic pressing process, the pressure-holding component 30 is placed in packaging material (e.g., laminated material), a vacuum is drawn, and then pressed using cold isostatic pressing. Specifically, a powder-type stacking mold is used outside the high-pressure vessel. The mold is placed directly in the working medium inside the high-pressure vessel, and uniform isostatic pressure is applied to the outer surface of the mold to press the stack. For pressing, it is preferable to use a material that does not react with lithium metal or sulfide-based solid electrolytes as the working medium.

[0109] Figure 4 is a flowchart of the preparation process provided in the fourth embodiment of this application.

[0110] Referring to Figures 1 to 4, in some possible embodiments, after step S30, which involves holding the pressure on the pressure-holding member 30, the following steps are further included:

[0111] S32, Cleaning and pressure-maintaining component 30.

[0112] After the pressure holding component 30 is pressurized in the pressure vessel 60, a considerable amount of working medium often remains on its surface. By cleaning the pressure holding component 30, the residual working medium is removed, and the easy-tear label 40 is prevented from being contaminated. This allows the easy-tear label 40 to adhere firmly to the surface of one of the isostatic pressure films 20 on the pressure holding component 30. It also prevents slippage when the external robotic arm or operator picks up the easy-tear label 40. As a result, the isostatic pressure film 20 can be quickly peeled off using the easy-tear label 40 to restore the stack 10, thereby facilitating the subsequent production process of the stack 10. This effectively improves production efficiency and cycle time, and increases overall production efficiency.

[0113] In some possible embodiments, step S32, cleaning the pressure-holding component 30, specifically includes:

[0114] S321. Clean the surface of the pressure holding component 30 by blowing air.

[0115] S322. Immerse the pressure-holding component 30 in a cleaning agent and perform ultrasonic cleaning.

[0116] S323. Remove the pressure-holding component 30 from the cleaning agent and perform air cleaning, laser cleaning, and centrifugal cleaning in sequence.

[0117] The process involves using an air knife to initially clean the surface of the pressure-holding component 30 by blowing air, removing most of the working medium. The pressure-holding component 30 is then immersed in a cleaning agent and ultrasonically cleaned for 10-60 minutes. The cleaning agent can include one or more of ethanol, water, sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium phosphate, and sodium silicate. After cleaning, the pressure-holding component 30 is removed from the cleaning agent and subjected to air cleaning, laser cleaning, and centrifugal cleaning processes in sequence, resulting in a clean pressure-holding component 40. This allows the easy-tear adhesive 40 to firmly adhere to the surface of one layer of isostatic pressure film 20 on the pressure-holding component 30. The easy-tear adhesive 40 can then be used to quickly peel off the isostatic pressure film 20 to restore the stack 10, facilitating subsequent production processes and effectively improving production efficiency and cycle time.

[0118] Figure 5 is a flowchart of the preparation process provided in the fifth embodiment of this application.

[0119] In some possible embodiments, referring to Figures 1 to 5 and Figures 8 to 10, prior to step S40, which involves attaching one end of the easy-tear adhesive 40 to the isostatic membrane 20, the following steps are included:

[0120] S41. Trim the edge of the encapsulation film 21 so that the distance from the edge of the encapsulation film 21 to the stack 10 is A, satisfying 10mm≤A≤200mm. Here, the edge of the encapsulation film 21 is defined as the sealing edge formed around the stack 10 by the edge region of the isostatic pressing film 20.

[0121] The sealing film edge 21 is a thin sealing edge with a certain thickness formed by connecting the edge areas of two isostatic pressure films 20 through heat sealing, ultrasonic roll welding or laser welding.

[0122] The sealing film edge 21 is cut by mechanical equipment so that the distance A from the sealing film edge 21 to the stack 10 satisfies 10mm≤A≤200mm. This ensures that each easy-tear sticker 40 is connected to the isostatic pressing film 20 at approximately the same position, thereby ensuring a stable bond between them. This ensures that the easy-tear sticker 40 has sufficient adhesive force and torque to apply tension to the sealing film edge 21 of the isostatic pressing film 20, allowing an external robot or operator to hold the other end of the easy-tear sticker 40 and quickly peel the isostatic pressing film 20 from the stack 10.

[0123] In some embodiments, the distance from the edge of the encapsulation film 21 to the stack 10 is A, which satisfies 20mm≤A≤100mm.

[0124] In some possible embodiments, referring to Figures 1 to 10, the step of peeling the isostatic film 20 from the stack 10 at the other end of the clamping easy-tear adhesive 40 in S50 specifically includes:

[0125] S51. The second area 42 of the easy-tear adhesive tape 40 is held by a robotic arm, and a pressure block 50 is set to clamp one side of the pressure holding member 30 to peel the isostatic pressure film 20 from the stack body 10.

[0126] Thus, the first area 41 of the easy-tear adhesive 40 is used to adhere to the isostatic pressing film 20; a robotic arm clamps the second area 42 of the easy-tear adhesive 40, and a pressure block 50 is set to clamp one side of the pressure holding member 30 to prevent displacement of the pressure holding member 30. The robotic arm clamps the easy-tear adhesive 40 and pulls the isostatic pressing film 20 from the stack 10, thereby quickly peeling the isostatic pressing film 20 off the stack 10. This facilitates the subsequent production process of the stack 10, thereby effectively improving production efficiency and cycle time, and increasing production efficiency.

[0127] Figure 6 is a flowchart of the preparation process provided in the sixth embodiment of this application.

[0128] Referring to Figures 1 to 11, this application provides a fabrication process for preparing a battery. The fabrication process includes:

[0129] S11, stacked negative electrode 11, solid electrolyte 12 and positive electrode 13.

[0130] S12. Apply adhesive paper layers 14 to the negative electrode 11 and the positive electrode 13 respectively to form a stack 10.

[0131] S20. The isostatic pressure membrane 20 is wrapped around the stack 10 to form a pressure-holding component 30.

[0132] S31. Under preset pressure and preset temperature, the working medium is used to uniformly squeeze the pressure-holding component 30 from all sides for a preset time.

[0133] S32, Cleaning and pressure-maintaining component 30.

[0134] S41. Cut the edge of the encapsulation film 21 so that the distance from the edge of the encapsulation film 21 to the stack 10 is A, which satisfies 10mm≤A≤200mm.

[0135] S40. Attach one end of the easy-tear adhesive tape 40 to the isostatic pressure membrane 20.

[0136] S50, holding the other end of the easy-tear adhesive 40, peel the isostatic pressure film 20 off the stack 10.

[0137] The preparation process of this application can be carried out in the following specific manner:

[0138] 1) The stack 10 is encapsulated with an isostatic pressure film 20 to form a pressure-holding component 30. The large surface of the stack 10 is provided with an adhesive paper layer 14 made of polyimide. The isostatic pressure film 20 is made of polypropylene, and the encapsulation method is ultrasonic roll welding.

[0139] 2) The pressure holding component 30 is subjected to isostatic pressure holding to achieve densification; the working medium in the isostatic pressure holding is water, the preset pressure is 500Mpa, the preset temperature is 85℃, and the duration is 20min.

[0140] 3) Clean the pressure-holding component 30. The cleaning method can be a hot air knife.

[0141] 4) Cut the edge 21 of the isostatic pressure film 20, with the cut edge 50mm away from the stack 10;

[0142] 5) Apply easy-tear adhesive tape 40 to the isostatic membrane 20. The adhesive tape has an adhesion of 50 N / m. The area ratio of the high-adhesion area to the non-adhesion area is 1 / 5. The adhesive is made of natural rubber.

[0143] 6) Peel off the isostatic membrane 20 and remove the stacked body 10.

[0144] This allows the stacked body 10 to easily perform subsequent production processes, thereby effectively improving production efficiency and cycle time, and increasing production efficiency.

[0145] In some possible embodiments, after step S50, at the other end of the clamping easy-tear adhesive 40, the isostatic pressure film 20 is peeled off from the stack 10, the process includes:

[0146] Check whether there is residual isostatic membrane 20 on the stack 10.

[0147] Specifically, devices such as CCD cameras and sensors can be used to detect the stack 10. If the isostatic pressing membrane 20 remains, the iteration proceeds to N = N + 1, with N initially set to 0. If N ≤ 3, the process returns to step S40, where one end of the easy-tear adhesive 40 is attached to the isostatic pressing membrane 20. If N > 3, the stack 10 is placed in the waste area for centralized processing. This improves the accuracy of peeling the isostatic pressing membrane 20 using the easy-tear adhesive 40 and reduces manpower by enabling equipment-based detection.

[0148] The second aspect of this application provides a solid-state battery, which is prepared using the above-described fabrication process.

[0149] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0150] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A preparation process, comprising: Obtain the stack of batteries (10); An isostatic membrane (20) is wrapped around the stack (10) to form a pressure-holding component (30); The pressure-holding component (30) is subjected to pressure-holding treatment; One end of the easy-tear sticker (40) is attached to the isostatic membrane (20); Clamp the other end of the easy-tear sticker (40) and peel the isostatic film (20) off the stack (10).

2. The preparation process according to claim 1, wherein the step of obtaining the battery stack (10) includes: Stacked negative electrode (11), solid electrolyte (12) and positive electrode (13); A layer of adhesive paper (14) is laid on the negative electrode (11) and the positive electrode (13) respectively to form a stack (10).

3. According to the preparation process of claim 2, the adhesive paper layer (14) includes at least one of polyimide, polytetrafluoroethylene, polypropylene, polyimide, silicone and natural rubber.

4. The preparation process according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the isostatic membrane (20) comprises at least one of aluminum-plastic membrane, polyethylene membrane, polypropylene membrane, polyvinyl chloride membrane and polyethylene terephthalate membrane.

5. The preparation process according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the isostatic membrane (20) is coated on the stack (10) and encapsulated by heat sealing, ultrasonic roll welding or laser welding.

6. The manufacturing process according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the step of performing pressure holding treatment on the pressure holding member (30) specifically includes: Under preset pressure and preset temperature, the pressure-holding component (30) is uniformly squeezed from all sides using a working medium for a preset time.

7. The preparation process according to claim 6, wherein the preset pressure is 100MPa to 3000MPa; the preset temperature is 15℃ to 500℃; the preset time is 10min to 30min; and the working medium is an ester, water, or an inert gas.

8. The manufacturing process according to any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising, after the step of performing pressure holding treatment on the pressure holding member (30): Clean the pressure-holding component (30).

9. The preparation process according to claim 8, wherein the step of cleaning the pressure-holding component (30) specifically includes: The surface of the pressure-holding component (30) is cleaned by blowing air; The pressure-holding component (30) is immersed in a cleaning agent and ultrasonically cleaned; The pressure-holding component (30) is removed from the cleaning agent and then subjected to air cleaning, laser cleaning, and centrifugal cleaning in sequence.

10. The preparation process according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the easy-tear adhesive (40) comprises a first region (41) having adhesive properties and a second region (42) having non-adhesive properties; in, The first area (41) of the easy-tear adhesive (40) is used to adhere to the isostatic membrane (20); The second region (42) of the easy-tear adhesive (40) is used to be externally clamped to peel the isostatic membrane (20) from the stack (10).

11. The preparation process according to claim 10, wherein the easy-tear adhesive (40) comprises a base film and an adhesive; The adhesive is applied to a portion of the base film to form the first region (41); The other regions of the basement membrane are formed as the second region (42); The base film includes at least one of polyethylene film, polypropylene film, polyvinyl chloride film, polyimide film, and polyethylene terephthalate film; The adhesive includes at least one of natural rubber, polyacrylic acid, and polyacrylate.

12. According to the preparation process of claim 10, the area ratio of the first region (41) to the second region is 0.1 to 0.

25.

13. According to the preparation process of claim 10, the viscosity of the first region (41) is 20 N / m to 300 N / m.

14. The preparation process according to any one of claims 1 to 13, prior to the step of adhering one end of the easy-tear adhesive (40) to the isostatic membrane (20), includes: Cut the edge of the encapsulation film (21) so that the distance from the edge of the encapsulation film (21) to the stack (10) is A, satisfying 10mm≤A≤200mm; The encapsulation film edge (21) is defined as the sealing edge formed around the stack body (10) by the edge region of the isostatic pressure film (20).

15. A solid-state battery, prepared using the preparation process described in any one of claims 1 to 14.

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