Random access for device
The method enhances random access for active IoT devices by optimizing resource acquisition and transmission for emergency services, enabling efficient and timely reporting of emergent events.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- LENOVO (BEIJING) LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-08
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-25
AI Technical Summary
There is a need for efficient random access procedures for active Internet of Things (IoT) devices, particularly for emergency services, to enable timely reporting of emergent events, which existing technologies have not adequately addressed.
The method involves determining and performing a first random access procedure for emergency services, including resource acquisition, transmission, and retransmission of messages, with specific configurations and power settings tailored for emergency services, such as higher transmission power and reduced monitoring durations.
Facilitates fast and reliable access for active IoT devices to report emergency data by optimizing resource allocation and transmission parameters, ensuring timely communication in critical situations.
Smart Images

Figure CN2025113675_25062026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
RANDOM ACCESS FOR DEVICETECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present disclosure relates to wireless communications, and more specifically to random access for a device, for example, random access for an active device in ambient Internet of Things (A-IoT) .BACKGROUND
[0002] A wireless communications system may include one or multiple network communication devices, such as base stations (BSs) , which may be otherwise known as an eNodeB (eNB) , a next-generation NodeB (gNB) , or other suitable terminology. Each network communication devices, such as a base station may support wireless communications for one or multiple user communication devices, which may be otherwise known as user equipment (UE) , or other suitable terminology. The wireless communications system may support wireless communications with one or multiple user communication devices by utilizing resources of the wireless communication system (e.g., time resources (e.g., symbols, slots, subframes, frames, or the like) or frequency resources (e.g., subcarriers, carriers) . Additionally, the wireless communications system may support wireless communications across various radio access technologies including third generation (3G) radio access technology, fourth generation (4G) radio access technology, fifth generation (5G) radio access technology, among other suitable radio access technologies beyond 5G (e.g., sixth generation (6G) ) .
[0003] In recent years, Internet of things (IoT) has attracted much attention in the wireless communication world. More “things” are expected to be interconnected for improving productivity efficiency and increasing comforts of life. Further reduction of size, complexity, and power consumption of IoT devices can enable the deployment of tens or even hundreds of billion IoT devices for various applications and provide added value across the entire value chain. For an A-IoT device, supported traffic types are DO-DTT (device originated by device terminated trigger) and DT (device terminated) . Recently, study associated with a further traffic type of the A-IoT device, i.e. DO-A (device originated-autonomous) , has been approved. A procedure related to access for the A-IoT device (e.g. an active device in A-IoT) is still needed to be discussed.SUMMARY
[0004] The present disclosure relates to methods, apparatuses, and systems that support random access for a device, for example, access for an active device in A-IoT.
[0005] Some implementations of the method and devices described herein include, determining that a first random access procedure is to be performed associated with an emergency service, in which the first random access procedure comprises at least one operation associated with the emergency service, and the least one operation comprises one or more of resource acquisition for transmission of a first message, the transmission of the first message, reception of a second message, or retransmission of the first message; and performing the first random access procedure.
[0006] Some implementations of the method and devices described herein include, performing the resource acquisition associated with the emergency service by: transmitting, to a second apparatus, a request for a configuration of at least one resource for the emergency service; and monitoring a message comprising the configuration from the second apparatus.
[0007] Some implementations of the method and devices described herein include, performing the resource acquisition associated with the emergency service further by: based on determining that the message comprising the configuration is not received during a time duration, retransmitting, via the transceiver and to the second apparatus, the request for the configuration.
[0008] Some implementations of the method and devices described herein include, performing the resource acquisition associated with the emergency service by: receiving, from a second apparatus, an indication of a resource range of at least one resource for the emergency service among one or more resources configured by the second apparatus; and selecting the at least one resource based on the indication of the resource range.
[0009] In some implementations of the method and devices described herein, the indication indicates a first number of preceding resources among the one or more resources.
[0010] Some implementations of the method and devices described herein include, performing the resource acquisition associated with the emergency service by: based on a delay budget of emergency data to be transmitted, selecting at least one resource for the emergency service among one or more resources configured by a second apparatus.
[0011] In some implementations of the method and devices described herein, the selected at least one resource comprises: a second number of preceding resources among the one or more resources; or a third number of resources selected based on selection probability among the one or more resources.
[0012] In some implementations of the method and devices described herein, the one or more resources are in a decreasing sequence per selection probability of resources.
[0013] In some implementations of the method and devices described herein, the transmission of the first message associated with the emergency service is associated with at least one of the following: a first transmission power which is higher than a second transmission power, wherein the second transmission power is for a second random access procedure for a non-emergency service; or a first repetition or blind retransmission number.
[0014] In some implementations of the method and devices described herein, the first repetition or blind retransmission number is greater than a second repetition or blind retransmission number, wherein the second repetition or blind retransmission number is for the second random access procedure.
[0015] In some implementations of the method and devices described herein, at least one of the first transmission power or the first repetition or blind retransmission number is:pre-defined; or received from a second apparatus.
[0016] Some implementations of the method and devices described herein include, performing the transmission of the first message associated with the emergency service based on the following: a random-access (RA) type corresponding to the emergency service; or a format of the first message.
[0017] Some implementations of the method and devices described herein include, receiving, from a second apparatus, at least one of the following: an indication of a random-access type corresponding to the emergency service; or one or more message formats comprising a format of the first message.
[0018] In some implementations of the method and devices described herein, at least one of the indication of the random-access type or the one or more message formats is received in the following: a message for configuring at least one resource for the first apparatus; or a message for triggering the configured at least one resource.
[0019] Some implementations of the method and devices described herein include, performing the transmission of the first message associated with the emergency service by: transmitting, via the transceiver, the first message comprising at least one of the following: a preamble or a random identity (ID) in a first range; or an indication that the first random access procedure is for the emergency service.
[0020] In some implementations of the method and devices described herein, the indication that the first random access procedure is for the emergency service comprises: at least one additional bit; or a message type associated with the emergency service.
[0021] Some implementations of the method and devices described herein include, performing the reception of the second message associated with the emergency service by: monitoring the second message during a first monitoring duration which is less than a second monitoring duration, wherein the second monitoring duration is for a second random access procedure for a non-emergency service.
[0022] In some implementations of the method and devices described herein, the first monitoring duration is the following: a time window associated with the emergency service; or prior to receiving a fourth number of subsequent messages from the second apparatus, wherein the fourth number is less than a fifth number of subsequent messages associated with the second monitoring duration.
[0023] In some implementations of the method and devices described herein, the time window is pre-defined or received from a second apparatus.
[0024] Some implementations of the method and devices described herein include, receiving, from a second apparatus, the following: an indication that the second message is for the first random access procedure for the emergency service; or an indication that at least one entry in the second message is for the first random access procedure for the emergency service.
[0025] Some implementations of the method and devices described herein include, performing the reception of the second message associated with the emergency service by: receiving, via the transceiver and from the second apparatus, the second message comprising the indication.
[0026] Some implementations of the method and devices described herein include, performing the retransmission associated with the emergency service by: retransmitting, via the transceiver, the first message to a second apparatus based on a first backoff value, wherein the first backoff value is for determining a time point of the retransmission and is less than a second backoff value which is for a second random access procedure for a non-emergency service.
[0027] In some implementations of the method and devices described herein, the first backoff value is pre-defined or received from a second apparatus.
[0028] Some implementations of the method and devices described herein include, performing the retransmission associated with the emergency service by: retransmitting, via the transceiver and to a second apparatus, the first message with a third transmission power higher than a previous transmission power for transmitting the first message.
[0029] In some implementations of the method and devices described herein, the third transmission power is ramped up with a first power ramping step relative to the previous transmission power, wherein the first power ramping step is greater than a second power ramping step which is for a second random access procedure for a non-emergency service.
[0030] Some implementations of the method and devices described herein include, receiving, from a second apparatus, at least one of the following: an indication for enabling power ramping for ramping up a transmission power for the retransmission of the first message; or a first power ramping step for the power ramping.
[0031] Some implementations of the method and devices described herein include, performing the retransmission associated with the emergency service based on the following from the second apparatus: at least one of resources associated with a configuration message configuring at least one resource for previous transmission of the first message; or at least one resource indicated for the retransmission.
[0032] In some implementations of the method and devices described herein, the at least one resource indicated for the retransmission is received with negative acknowledgement (NACK) indicating failure of transmission of upper layer data.
[0033] Some implementations of the method and devices described herein include, determining first information for a first random access procedure of a first apparatus, in which the first random access procedure comprises at least one operation associated with an emergency service, and the least one operation comprises one or more of resource acquisition for transmission of a first message, the transmission of the first message, reception of a second message, or retransmission of the first message; and transmitting the first information to the first apparatus.
[0034] In some implementations of the method and devices described herein, the first information comprises a configuration of at least one resource for the emergency service.
[0035] Some implementations of the method and devices described herein include, transmitting, to the first apparatus, the configuration based on receiving a request from the first apparatus for the configuration.
[0036] In some implementations of the method and devices described herein, the first information comprises an indication of a resource range of at least one resource for the emergency service among one or more resources configured for the first apparatus.
[0037] In some implementations of the method and devices described herein, the indication indicates a first number of preceding resources among the one or more resources.
[0038] In some implementations of the method and devices described herein, the first information comprises at least one of the following associated with the first message: a first transmission power which is higher than a second transmission power, wherein the second transmission power is for a second random access procedure for a non-emergency service; or a first repetition or blind retransmission number.
[0039] In some implementations of the method and devices described herein, the first repetition or blind retransmission number is greater than a second repetition or blind retransmission number, wherein the second repetition or blind retransmission number is for the second random access procedure.
[0040] In some implementations of the method and devices described herein, the first information comprises at least one of the following: an indication of a random-access (RA) type corresponding to the emergency service; or one or more message formats comprising a format of the first message.
[0041] In some implementations of the method and devices described herein, at least one of the indication of the random-access type or the one or more message formats is transmitted in the following: a message for configuring at least one resource for the first apparatus; or a message for triggering the configured at least one resource.
[0042] Some implementations of the method and devices described herein include, receiving, from the first apparatus, the first message comprising at least one of the following: a preamble or a random identity (ID) in a first range; or an indication that the first random access procedure is for the emergency service.
[0043] In some implementations of the method and devices described herein, the indication that the first random access procedure is for the emergency service comprises: at least one additional bit; or a message type associated with the emergency service.
[0044] In some implementations of the method and devices described herein, the first information comprises a time window configured for the emergency service.
[0045] In some implementations of the method and devices described herein, the first information comprises the following: an indication that the second message is for the first random access procedure for the emergency service; or an indication that at least one entry in the second message is for the first random access procedure for the emergency service.
[0046] In some implementations of the method and devices described herein, the indication is comprised in the second message.
[0047] In some implementations of the method and devices described herein, the first information comprises: a first backoff value for determining a time point for the first apparatus to retransmit the first message, wherein the first backoff value is less than a second backoff value which is for a second random access procedure for a non-emergency service.
[0048] In some implementations of the method and devices described herein, the first information comprises at least one of the following: an indication for enabling power ramping for ramping up a transmission power of a retransmitted first message; or a first power ramping step for the power ramping.
[0049] Some implementations of the method and devices described herein include, receiving, from the first apparatus, the retransmitted first message, wherein the transmission power of the retransmitted first message is: higher than a previous transmission power associated with the first message; or ramped up with the first power ramping step relative to the previous transmission power, wherein the first power ramping step is greater than a second power ramping step which is for a second random access procedure for a non-emergency service.
[0050] Some implementations of the method and devices described herein include, receiving, from the first apparatus, a retransmitted first message via the following: at least one of resources associated with a configuration message configuring at least one resource for previous transmission of the first message; or at least one resource indicated for the retransmission.
[0051] In some implementations of the method and devices described herein, the first information comprises at least one of the following: an indication of at least one resource for the retransmission of the first message of the first apparatus; or negative acknowledgement (NACK) indicating failure of transmission of upper layer data of the first apparatus.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0052] FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a wireless communications system that supports random access for a device, such as access for an active device in A-IoT, in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0053] FIG. 2 illustrates an example signaling diagram illustrating an example process that supports random access for a device, such as access for an active device in A-IoT, in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0054] FIG. 3 illustrates an example of a device that supports random access for a device, such as access for an active device in A-IoT, in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0055] FIG. 4 illustrates an example of a processor that supports random access for a device, such as access for an active device in A-IoT, in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0056] FIG. 5 illustrates a flowchart of a method that supports random access for a device, such as access for an active device in A-IoT, in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0057] FIG. 6 illustrates a flowchart of a method that supports random access for a device, such as access for an active device in A-IoT, in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0058] Principles of the present disclosure will now be described with reference to some embodiments. It is to be understood that these embodiments are described for the purpose of illustration and help those skilled in the art to understand and implement the present disclosure, without suggesting any limitation as to the scope of the disclosure. The disclosure described herein may be implemented in various manners other than the ones described below.
[0059] In the following description and claims, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skills in the art to which this disclosure belongs.
[0060] References in the present disclosure to “one embodiment, ” “an example embodiment, ” “an embodiment, ” “some embodiments, ” and the like indicate that the embodiment (s) described may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but it is not necessary that every embodiment includes the particular feature, structure, or characteristic. Moreover, such phrases do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment (s) . Further, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, it is submitted that it is within the knowledge of one skilled in the art to affect such feature, structure, or characteristic in connection with other embodiments whether or not explicitly described.
[0061] It shall be understood that although the terms “first” and “second” or the like may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are used to distinguish one element from another element. For example, a first element could also be termed as a second element, and similarly, a second element could also be termed as a first element, without departing from the scope of embodiments. As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the listed terms.
[0062] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments. As used herein, the singular forms “a” , “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms “comprises” , “comprising” , “has” , “having” , “includes” and / or “including” , when used herein, specify the presence of stated features, elements, and / or components etc., but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, components and / or combinations thereof.
[0063] As used herein, the term “communication network” refers to a network following any suitable communication standards, such as, 5G new radio (NR) , Long Term Evolution (LTE) , LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) , Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) , High-Speed Packet Access (HSPA) , Narrow Band Internet of Things (NB-IoT) , and so on. Further, the communications between a user equipment and a network device in the communication network may be performed according to any suitable generation communication protocols, including but not limited to, the first generation (1G) , the second generation (2G) , 2.5G, 2.75G, the third generation (3G) , the fourth generation (4G) , 4.5G, the fifth generation (5G) communication protocols, and / or any other protocols either currently known or to be developed in the future. Embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied in various communication systems. Given the rapid development in communications, there will also be future type communication technologies and systems in which the present disclosure may be embodied. It should not be seen as limiting the scope of the present disclosure to only the aforementioned systems.
[0064] As used herein, the term “network device” generally refers to a node in a communication network via which a user equipment can access the communication network and receive services therefrom. The network device may refer to a base station (BS) or an access point (AP) , for example, a node B (NodeB or NB) , a radio access network (RAN) node, an evolved NodeB (eNodeB or eNB) , a NR NB (also referred to as a gNB) , a Remote Radio Unit (RRU) , a radio header (RH) , an infrastructure device for a V2X (vehicle-to-everything) communication, a transmission and reception point (TRP) , a reception point (RP) , a remote radio head (RRH) , a relay, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, a low power node such as a femto a base station (BS) , a pico BS, and so forth, depending on the applied terminology and technology. The network device may further refer to a network function (NF) in the core network, for example, a SMF, an AMF, a PCF, a UPF or devices with same function in future network architectures, and so forth.
[0065] As used herein, the term “user equipment (UE) ” generally refers to any end device that may be capable of wireless communications. By way of example rather than a limitation, a user equipment may also be referred to as a communication device, a terminal device, an end user device, a subscriber station (SS) , an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) , a portable subscriber station, a mobile station (MS) , or an access terminal (AT) . The user equipment may include, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, a cellular phone, a smart phone, a voice over IP (VoIP) phone, a wireless local loop phone, a tablet, a wearable user equipment, a personal digital assistant (PDA) , a portable computer, a desktop computer, an image capture user equipment such as a digital camera, a gaming user equipment, a music storage and playback appliance, a vehicle-mounted wireless user equipment, a wireless endpoint, a mobile station, laptop-embedded equipment (LEE) , laptop-mounted equipment (LME) , a USB dongle, a smart device, wireless customer-premises equipment (CPE) , an Internet of Things (IoT) device, a watch or other wearable, a head-mounted display (HMD) , a vehicle, a drone, a medical device (for example, a remote surgery device) , an industrial device (for example, a robot and / or other wireless devices operating in an industrial and / or an automated processing chain contexts) , a consumer electronics device, a device operating on commercial and / or industrial wireless networks, and the like.
[0066] A set of study items (SIs) and work items (WIs) were completed across work groups (WGs) of 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) , leading to the specification of Device 1 (having ~1 μW power consumption, and with device-to-reader (D2R) transmission by backscattering) for use in the deployment scenario 1 with the topology 1 in which there is direct connection between a BS reader (areader for short) and the A-IoT device (or written as AIoT device) . The traffic types supported are device originated by device terminated trigger (DO-DTT) and device terminated (DT) , with a focus on supporting use cases for indoor inventory and indoor command applications. A new WID for ambient IoT study has been approved. In the WID, one study objective is to study a device originated-autonomous (DO-A) associated procedure, such as DO-A specific procedure design, and paging and random access for active device (s) . In ambient IoT use cases, one important use case for DO-A transmission is the emergency service, which requires a fast access to the network to report the emergent event that monitored by the active device. There is still an issue related to access for the active device in A-IoT needed to be discussed. For example, for an ambient IoT active device with emergent DO-A data available, how to enable the active device to fast access to the network and report the emergent DO-A data timely is still to be discussed. In some examples of the present disclosure, some solutions for fast access of the active device are proposed.
[0067] FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a wireless communications system (or referred to as communication network or comprises a communication network) 100 that supports random access for a device, for example, access for an active device in A-IoT in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The wireless communications system 100 may include one or more network entities 102 (also referred to as network equipment) , one or more UEs 104, a core network 106, and a packet data network 108. The wireless communications system 100 may support various radio access technologies. In some implementations, the wireless communications system 100 may be a 4G network, such as an LTE network or an LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) network. In some other implementations, the wireless communications system 100 may be a 5G network, such as an NR network. In other implementations, the wireless communications system 100 may be a combination of a 4G network and a 5G network, or other suitable radio access technology including Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi) , IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX) , IEEE 802.20. The wireless communications system 100 may support radio access technologies beyond 5G. Additionally, the wireless communications system 100 may support technologies, such as time division multiple access (TDMA) , frequency division multiple access (FDMA) , or code division multiple access (CDMA) , etc.
[0068] The one or more network entities 102 may be dispersed throughout a geographic region to form the wireless communications system 100. One or more of the network entities 102 described herein may be or include or may be referred to as a network node, a base station, a network element, a radio access network (RAN) , a base transceiver station, an access point, a NodeB, an eNodeB (eNB) , a next-generation NodeB (gNB) , or other suitable terminology. A network entity 102 and a UE 104 may communicate via a communication link 110, which may be a wireless or wired connection. For example, a network entity 102 and a UE 104 may perform wireless communication (e.g., receive signalling, transmit signalling) over a communication interface.
[0069] A network entity 102 may provide a geographic coverage area 112 for which the network entity 102 may support services (e.g., voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, etc. ) for one or more UEs 104 within the geographic coverage area 112. For example, a network entity 102 and a UE 104 may support wireless communication of signals related to services (e.g., voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, etc. ) according to one or multiple radio access technologies. In some implementations, a network entity 102 may be moveable, for example, a satellite associated with a non-terrestrial network. In some implementations, different geographic coverage areas 112 associated with the same or different radio access technologies may overlap, but the different geographic coverage areas 112 may be associated with different network entities 102. Information and signals described herein may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be referenced throughout the description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof.
[0070] The one or more UEs 104 may be dispersed throughout a geographic region of the wireless communications system 100. A UE 104 may include or may be referred to as a mobile device, a wireless device, a remote device, a remote unit, a handheld device, or a subscriber device, or some other suitable terminology. In some implementations, the UE 104 may be referred to as a unit, a station, a terminal, or a client, among other examples. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE 104 may be referred to as an Internet-of-Things (IoT) device, an Internet-of-Everything (IoE) device, or machine-type communication (MTC) device, among other examples. In some implementations, a UE 104 may be stationary in the wireless communications system 100. In some other implementations, a UE 104 may be mobile in the wireless communications system 100.
[0071] The one or more UEs 104 may be devices in different forms or having different capabilities. Some examples of UEs 104 are illustrated in FIG. 1. A UE 104 may be capable of communicating with various types of devices, such as the network entities 102, other UEs 104, or network equipment (e.g., the core network 106, the packet data network 108, a relay device, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, or another network equipment) , as shown in FIG. 1. Additionally, or alternatively, a UE 104 may support communication with other network entities 102 or UEs 104, which may act as relays in the wireless communications system 100.
[0072] A UE 104 may also be able to support wireless communication directly with other UEs 104 over a communication link 114. For example, a UE 104 may support wireless communication directly with another UE 104 over a device-to-device (D2D) communication link. In some implementations, such as vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) deployments, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) deployments, or cellular-V2X deployments, the communication link 114 may be referred to as a sidelink. For example, a UE 104 may support wireless communication directly with another UE 104 over a communication interface.
[0073] In some examples, one or more UEs in the communications system 100 may be implemented as reader (s) . As an example, a UE 104a as the reader is shown. The UE 104a may communication directly with another UE 104 over a communication link 114a. The UE 104a as the reader may communicate with the core network 106, e.g. via the network entity 102. There may be a communication link 110a between the UE 104a and the network entity 102.
[0074] A network entity 102 may support communications with the core network 106, or with another network entity 102, or both. For example, a network entity 102 may interface with the core network 106 through one or more backhaul links 116 (e.g., via an S1, N2, N2, or another network interface) . The network entities 102 may communicate with each other over the backhaul links 116 (e.g., via an X2, Xn, or another network interface) . In some implementations, the network entities 102 may communicate with each other directly (e.g., between the network entities 102) . In some other implementations, the network entities 102 may communicate with each other or indirectly (e.g., via the core network 106) . In some implementations, one or more network entities 102 may include subcomponents, such as an access network entity, which may be an example of an access node controller (ANC) . An ANC may communicate with the one or more UEs 104 through one or more other access network transmission entities, which may be referred to as a radio heads, smart radio heads, or transmission-reception points (TRPs) .
[0075] In some implementations, a network entity 102 may be configured in a disaggregated architecture, which may be configured to utilize a protocol stack physically or logically distributed among two or more network entities 102, such as an integrated access backhaul (IAB) network, an open Radio Access Network (O-RAN) (e.g., a network configuration sponsored by the O-RAN Alliance) , or a virtualized RAN (vRAN) (e.g., a cloud RAN (C-RAN) ) . For example, a network entity 102 may include one or more of a central unit (CU) , a distributed unit (DU) , a radio unit (RU) , a RAN Intelligent Controller (RIC) (e.g., a Near-Real Time RIC (Near-RT RIC) , a Non-Real Time RIC (Non-RT RIC) ) , a Service Management and Orchestration (SMO) system, or any combination thereof.
[0076] An RU may also be referred to as a radio head, a smart radio head, a remote radio head (RRH) , a remote radio unit (RRU) , or a transmission reception point (TRP) . One or more components of the network entities 102 in a disaggregated RAN architecture may be co-located, or one or more components of the network entities 102 may be located in distributed locations (e.g., separate physical locations) . In some implementations, one or more network entities 102 of a disaggregated RAN architecture may be implemented as virtual units (e.g., a virtual CU (VCU) , a virtual DU (VDU) , a virtual RU (VRU) ) .
[0077] Split of functionality between a CU, a DU, and an RU may be flexible and may support different functionalities depending upon which functions (e.g., network layer functions, protocol layer functions, baseband functions, radio frequency functions, and any combinations thereof) are performed at a CU, a DU, or an RU. For example, a functional split of a protocol stack may be employed between a CU and a DU such that the CU may support one or more layers of the protocol stack and the DU may support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. In some implementations, the CU may host upper protocol layer (e.g., a layer 3 (L3) , a layer 2 (L2) ) functionality and signalling (e.g., RRC, service data adaption protocol (SDAP) , Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) ) . The CU may be connected to one or more DUs or RUs, and the one or more DUs or RUs may host lower protocol layers, such as a layer 1 (L1) (e.g., physical (PHY) layer) or an L2 (e.g., radio link control (RLC) layer, MAC layer) functionality and signalling, and may each be at least partially controlled by the CU.
[0078] Additionally, or alternatively, a functional split of the protocol stack may be employed between a DU and an RU such that the DU may support one or more layers of the protocol stack and the RU may support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. The DU may support one or multiple different cells (e.g., via one or more RUs) . In some implementations, a functional split between a CU and a DU, or between a DU and an RU may be within a protocol layer (e.g., some functions for a protocol layer may be performed by one of a CU, a DU, or an RU, while other functions of the protocol layer are performed by a different one of the CU, the DU, or the RU) .
[0079] A CU may be functionally split further into CU control plane (CU-CP) and CU user plane (CU-UP) functions. A CU may be connected to one or more DUs via a midhaul communication link (e.g., F1, F1-c, F1-u) , and a DU may be connected to one or more RUs via a fronthaul communication link (e.g., open fronthaul (FH) interface) . In some implementations, a midhaul communication link or a fronthaul communication link may be implemented in accordance with an interface (e.g., a channel) between layers of a protocol stack supported by respective network entities 102 that are in communication via such communication links.
[0080] The core network 106 may support user authentication, access authorization, tracking, connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. The core network 106 may be an evolved packet core (EPC) , or a 5G core (5GC) , which may include a control plane entity that manages access and mobility (e.g., a mobility management entity (MME) , an access and mobility management functions (AMF) ) and a user plane entity that routes packets or interconnects to external networks (e.g., a serving gateway (S-GW) , a Packet Data Network (PDN) gateway (P-GW) , or a user plane function (UPF) ) . In some implementations, the control plane entity may manage non-access stratum (NAS) functions, such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management (e.g., data bearers, signal bearers, etc. ) for the one or more UEs 104 served by the one or more network entities 102 associated with the core network 106.
[0081] The core network 106 may communicate with the packet data network 108 over one or more backhaul links 116 (e.g., via an S1, N2, N2, or another network interface) . The packet data network 108 may include an application server 118. In some implementations, one or more UEs 104 may communicate with the application server 118. A UE 104 may establish a session (e.g., a protocol data unit (PDU) session, or the like) with the core network 106 via a network entity 102. The core network 106 may route traffic (e.g., control information, data, and the like) between the UE 104 and the application server 118 using the established session (e.g., the established PDU session) . The PDU session may be an example of a logical connection between the UE 104 and the core network 106 (e.g., one or more network functions of the core network 106) .
[0082] In the wireless communications system 100, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may use resources of the wireless communications system 100 (e.g., time resources (e.g., symbols, slots, subframes, frames, or the like) or frequency resources (e.g., subcarriers, carriers) ) to perform various operations (e.g., wireless communications) . In some implementations, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support different resource structures. For example, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support different frame structures. In some implementations, such as in 4G, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support a single frame structure. In some other implementations, such as in 5G and among other suitable radio access technologies, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support various frame structures (i.e., multiple frame structures) . The network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support various frame structures based on one or more numerologies.
[0083] One or more numerologies may be supported in the wireless communications system 100, and a numerology may include a subcarrier spacing and a cyclic prefix. A first numerology (e.g., μ=0) may be associated with a first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. In some implementations, the first numerology (e.g., μ=0) associated with the first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz) may utilize one slot per subframe. A second numerology (e.g., μ=1) may be associated with a second subcarrier spacing (e.g., 30 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. A third numerology (e.g., μ=2) may be associated with a third subcarrier spacing (e.g., 60 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix or an extended cyclic prefix. A fourth numerology (e.g., μ=3) may be associated with a fourth subcarrier spacing (e.g., 120 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. A fifth numerology (e.g., μ=4) may be associated with a fifth subcarrier spacing (e.g., 240 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix.
[0084] A time interval of a resource (e.g., a communication resource) may be organized according to frames (also referred to as radio frames) . Each frame may have a duration, for example, a 10 millisecond (ms) duration. In some implementations, each frame may include multiple subframes. For example, each frame may include 10 subframes, and each subframe may have a duration, for example, a 1 ms duration. In some implementations, each frame may have the same duration. In some implementations, each subframe of a frame may have the same duration.
[0085] Additionally or alternatively, a time interval of a resource (e.g., a communication resource) may be organized according to slots. For example, a subframe may include a number (e.g., quantity) of slots. The number of slots in each subframe may also depend on the one or more numerologies supported in the wireless communications system 100. For instance, the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth numerologies (i.e., μ=0, μ=1, μ=2, μ=3, μ=4) associated with respective subcarrier spacings of 15 kHz, 30 kHz, 60 kHz, 120 kHz, and 240 kHz may utilize a single slot per subframe, two slots per subframe, four slots per subframe, eight slots per subframe, and 16 slots per subframe, respectively. Each slot may include a number (e.g., quantity) of symbols (e.g., OFDM symbols) . In some implementations, the number (e.g., quantity) of slots for a subframe may depend on a numerology. For a normal cyclic prefix, a slot may include 14 symbols. For an extended cyclic prefix (e.g., applicable for 60 kHz subcarrier spacing) , a slot may include 12 symbols. The relationship between the number of symbols per slot, the number of slots per subframe, and the number of slots per frame for a normal cyclic prefix and an extended cyclic prefix may depend on a numerology. It should be understood that reference to a first numerology (e.g., μ=0) associated with a first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz) may be used interchangeably between subframes and slots.
[0086] In the wireless communications system 100, an electromagnetic (EM) spectrum may be split, based on frequency or wavelength, into various classes, frequency bands, frequency channels, etc. By way of example, the wireless communications system 100 may support one or multiple operating frequency bands, such as frequency range designations FR1 (410 MHz –7.125 GHz) , FR2 (24.25 GHz –52.6 GHz) , FR3 (7.125 GHz –24.25 GHz) , FR4 (52.6 GHz –114.25 GHz) , FR4a or FR4-1 (52.6 GHz –71 GHz) , and FR5 (114.25 GHz –300 GHz) . In some implementations, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may perform wireless communications over one or more of the operating frequency bands. In some implementations, FR1 may be used by the network entities 102 and the UEs 104, among other equipment or devices for cellular communications traffic (e.g., control information, data) . In some implementations, FR2 may be used by the network entities 102 and the UEs 104, among other equipment or devices for short-range, high data rate capabilities.
[0087] FR1 may be associated with one or multiple numerologies (e.g., at least three numerologies) . For example, FR1 may be associated with a first numerology (e.g., μ=0) , which includes 15 kHz subcarrier spacing; a second numerology (e.g., μ=1) , which includes 30 kHz subcarrier spacing; and a third numerology (e.g., μ=2) , which includes 60 kHz subcarrier spacing. FR2 may be associated with one or multiple numerologies (e.g., at least 2 numerologies) . For example, FR2 may be associated with a third numerology (e.g., μ=2) , which includes 60 kHz subcarrier spacing; and a fourth numerology (e.g., μ=3) , which includes 120 kHz subcarrier spacing.
[0088] Principles and implementations of embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 2-6.
[0089] FIG. 2 illustrates an example signaling diagram illustrating an example process that supports random access for a device, for example, random access for an active device in A-IoT, in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. A first apparatus 201 and a second apparatus 203 are involved in the process 200. In some examples, an example of the first apparatus 201 may be an A-IoT device (referred to as device for short) . In some examples, an example of the second apparatus 203 may be a reader (or referred to as A-IoT reader in some examples) . In some examples, the A-IoT device is a type of UE, e.g. the UE 104 above. In some examples, the reader may be a BS (e.g. a network entity 102) or a UE (e.g. the UE 104a) . In some examples, the A-IoT device may be a DO-A device or an active device. The DO-A device may transmit DO-A data. Different from a passive device, the active device may transmit data to the reader actively, e.g. may transmit the data to the reader without a trigger from the reader. In some examples, the data may be data related to an emergency service, or referred to as emergency data.
[0090] In the process 200, on the first apparatus 201 side, the first apparatus 201 determines (202) that a random access procedure (referred to as a first random access procedure) is to be performed associated with an emergency service. In some examples, the first apparatus 201 may perform this determination based on an indication from an upper layer, or based on arrived emergency data in an access stratum (AS) layer and there is available emergency data for transmission. The first random access procedure may comprise at least one operation associated with the emergency service. That is, different from a normal random access procedure, e.g., which may be performed for a non-emergency service, one or more operations of the first random access procedure is associated with the emergency service. For instance, the one or more operations can be specific to, dedicated for, designed for, specified for, or configured for the emergency service.
[0091] In some examples, the least one operation above may comprise one or more of resource acquisition for transmission of a first message, the transmission of the first message, reception of a second message, or retransmission of the first message. In other words, any one or any combination of the resource acquisition for the transmission of the first message, the transmission of the first message, the reception of the second message, or the retransmission of the first message can be associated with the emergency service. This will be further detailed hereinafter.
[0092] Then the first apparatus 201 performs (208) the first random access procedure. In performing the first random access procedure, the first apparatus 201 performs the at least one operation associated with the emergency service, for example, any one or any combination of the resource acquisition for the transmission of the first message, the transmission of the first message, the reception of the second message, or the retransmission of the first message. In some examples hereinafter, the first random access procedure for the emergency service may be referred to as emergency access procedure or emergency access. The transmission of the first message may be referred to as first message transmission, e.g. first D2R message transmission or message 1 (Msg1) transmission, or initial message transmission from an active device to the reader. The first message may be e.g. the first D2R message or the Msg1.
[0093] In some examples, the first apparatus 201 may perform the at least one operation associated with the emergency service based on first information 215 from the second apparatus 203. The first information 215 may comprise configuration (s) , indication (s) , or other information provided by the second apparatus 203 for the first apparatus 201 to perform operation (s) associated with the first random access procedure, e.g. the at least one operation associated with the emergency service mentioned above. The details of the first information 215 will be described hereinafter.
[0094] On the second apparatus 203 side, the second apparatus 203 may determine (204) the first information 215 for the first random access procedure of the first apparatus 201. At 206, the second apparatus 203 may transmit the first information 215 to the first apparatus 201, and the first apparatus 201 may receive the first information 215.
[0095] In various examples hereinafter, there may be various examples of the first information 215. The order of 206 (i.e. transmitting the first information 215) and 208 (i.e. performing the first random access procedure) may be not limited to what is shown in FIG. 2. That is, configuration (s) , indication (s) , or other information as an example of the first information 215 may be not necessary to be transmitted prior to the operations (e.g. all operations) of the first random access procedure. In some examples, the first information 215 may be transmitted to the first apparatus 201 during or before a certain operation in the first random access procedure, or may be transmitted to the first apparatus 201 before the first apparatus 201 needs or uses this first information 215.
[0096] In some examples, in a procedure of performing the operation of the resource acquisition associated with the emergency service, the first apparatus 201 transmits, to the second apparatus 203, a request for a configuration of at least one resource for the emergency service. The at least one resource for the emergency service may be, e.g. the at least one resource for the transmission of the first message for the emergency service. In some examples herein, the above request may be referred to as a D2R resource configuration request or a D2R resource allocation request. The at least one resource may be, e.g. at least one D2R resource. The first apparatus 201 monitors a message comprising the configuration from the second apparatus 203. The message comprising the configuration may be referred to as a configuration message, e.g. an R2D configuration message in some examples hereinafter. In such examples, the first information 215 comprises the configuration of the at least one resource for the emergency service. In other words, the configuration of the at least one resource for the emergency service may be an example of the first information 215. As an example, the second apparatus 203 transmits the configuration based on receiving the above request. In some examples, additionally, in the procedure of performing the operation of the resource acquisition associated with the emergency service, the first apparatus 201 may, based on determining that the message comprising the configuration is not received during a time duration, retransmit the request for the configuration to the second apparatus 203.
[0097] In some examples, in a procedure of performing the operation of the resource acquisition associated with the emergency service, the first apparatus 201 receives, from the second apparatus 203, an indication of a resource range of at least one resource for the emergency service among one or more resources configured by the second apparatus 203, and then selects the at least one resource based on the indication of the resource range. In such examples, the first information 215 comprises the indication of the resource range of the at least one resource for the emergency service among the one or more resources configured for the first apparatus 201. In other words, the indication of the resource range may be an example of the first information 215. In some examples, the indication of the resource range indicates a first number of (may be represented as N in some examples below) preceding resources among the one or more resources. The first number of preceding resources may be the first N resources in some examples hereinafter. The first apparatus 201 may select resource (s) from a range of [0, N-1] resources in the example above.
[0098] In some examples, in a procedure of performing the operation of the resource acquisition associated with the emergency service, the first apparatus 201 may, based on a delay budget of emergency data to be transmitted, select at least one resource for the emergency service among one or more resources configured by the second apparatus 203. The details related to the delay budget will be described in some examples hereinafter, e.g. an example III.
[0099] Additionally or alternatively, in some examples, in a procedure of performing the operation of the resource acquisition associated with the emergency service, the first apparatus 201 may select the at least one resource comprising a second number of preceding resources among the one or more resources, or a third number of resources selected based on selection probability among the one or more resources. In some examples, the one or more resources may be in a decreasing sequence per selection probability of resources. For example, the selection probability may be in the following order: 19%, 17%, 15%, 13%, 11%, 9%, 7%, 5%, 3%, 1%.
[0100] In some examples as described above, for the first apparatus 201, how to perform the operation of the resource acquisition associated with the emergency service has been described. One or more of some examples as described above may enable faster resource acquisition for the emergency service during the first random access procedure in comparison to a second random access procedure for a non-emergency service. Some details for such examples may be further described in some examples later, which are related to fast D2R resource acquisition for the first message transmission for the active device with emergency access. In some examples hereinafter, the first message transmission i.e. the transmission of the first message, and may be e.g. Msg1 transmission or first D2R message transmission. The D2R resource acquisition is an example of the resource acquisition for transmission of the first message. The D2R resource may be an example of the at least one resource for the emergency service, or the at least one resource for the transmission of the first message. The active device may be an example of the first apparatus 201, and may be an active device in A-IoT, i.e. an active A-IoT device. The second random access procedure for the non-emergency service may be referred to a normal access procedure or normal access or normal DO-A access in some examples herein. The reader may be an example of the second apparatus 203.
[0101] In some examples, the active device determines to perform emergency access (an example of the first random access procedure) , either based on the indication from the upper layer, or based on the arrived emergency data in the AS layer and there is available emergency data for transmission. The active device may acquire the D2R resource which is acquired faster than D2R resource acquisition for the normal access. During the procedure of acquiring the D2R resource, assistance information may be also needed, e.g., an emergency data level, a data size of the emergency data, periodic information related to the emergency data, etc.
[0102] In an example (i.e. example I) , the active device acquires the D2R resource for the emergency access by sending a D2R resource configuration request (or referred to as a D2R resource allocation request, or a request for short) to request D2R resource allocation (or referred to as D2R resource configuration) for emergency data transmission. The D2R resource configuration request may be transmitted on a pre-defined or pre-configured resource to the reader. After the active device sends the request, the active device will monitor and receive R2D message from the reader for a D2R resource configuration. If after a time duration, the active device does not receive the D2R resource configuration, the active device may send the request again, i.e. may retransmit the request for the D2R resource configuration. Such procedure may be repeated until the active device receives the R2D message which contains the D2R resource configuration for the emergency access, or for the normal DO-A transmission. The normal DO-A transmission refers to normal DO-A data transmission, or DO-A data transmission for the non-emergency service.
[0103] In another example (i.e. example II) , when the reader configures the D2R resource for active device access, the reader configures specific resource range for the emergency access, e.g. the first N resources are used for the emergency access. In this case, the active device with the emergency access may randomly selects at least one resource in a range of [0, N-1] for the first D2R message transmission. On the other hand, the active device with the normal DO-A data transmission may randomly select at least one resource in a range of [N, Total resource] for the first D2R message transmission.
[0104] In a further example (i.e. example III) , if the active device receives an R2D message which contains the D2R resource configuration for initial message transmission, the active device with the emergency access may select preceding resource (s) based on a delay budget of the available emergency data. For example, if the delay budget for the emergency access is Temergency, the active device may randomly select the N1 resource (s) (an example of the second number of preceding resources) from the configured D2R resource (s) that is before the Temergency. Alternatively, the active device may select preceding resource (s) among all configured resources with higher probability (i.e. resource selection probability, or selection probability) . For example, there are all totally configured with 10 resources, and the probability to select each resource for the active device with the emergency access could be a linearly decreasing sequence of probabilities with a total sum of 1, e.g., 19%, 17%, 15%, 13%, 11%, 9%, 7%, 5%, 3%, 1%. Preceding N2 resources (an example of the third number of resources) among the 10 resources may be selected.
[0105] Continuing with reference to Fig. 2, in some examples, the transmission of the first message is associated with the emergency service. Specifically, the transmission of the first message is associated with a first transmission power which is higher than a second transmission power, in which the second transmission power is for a second random access procedure for a non-emergency service. That is, the first message may be transmitted by the first apparatus 201 using the first transmission power. In some examples, the first transmission power is configured by the second apparatus 203. In such examples, the first information 215 comprises the first transmission power. In other words, the first transmission power may be an example of the first information 215. In some other examples, the first transmission power may be pre-defined.
[0106] Additionally or alternatively, the transmission of the first message is associated with a first repetition or blind retransmission number. In an example implementation, both the transmission of the first message associated with the normal access and the transmission of the first message associated with the emergency access may be associated with a respective repetition or blind retransmission number. In such examples, the first repetition or blind retransmission number for the first random access procedure (i.e. the emergency access) may be greater than a second repetition or blind retransmission number for the second random access procedure (i.e. the normal access) . In another example implementation, the transmission of the first message associated with the emergency access is associated with the first respective repetition or blind retransmission number, and the transmission of the first message associated with the normal access is not associated with a repetition or blind retransmission number. That is, there is a respective repetition or blind retransmission number for the emergency access, but there is no repetition or blind retransmission number for the normal access. In some examples, the first repetition or blind retransmission number, and / or the second repetition or blind retransmission number may be transmitted from the second apparatus 203 (i.e. configured by the second apparatus 203) and received by the first apparatus 201. In such examples, the first information 215 may comprise the first repetition or blind retransmission number, and / or the second repetition or blind retransmission number. In other words, the first repetition or blind retransmission number, and / or the second repetition or blind retransmission number may be example (s) of the first information 215. In some other examples, the first repetition or blind retransmission number, and / or the second repetition or blind retransmission number may be pre-defined.
[0107] In some examples, the transmission of the first message is associated with the emergency service, and in a procedure of performing the operation of the transmission of the first message, the first apparatus 201 may perform the transmission of the first message based on a random-access (RA) type corresponding to the emergency service. In some examples, the second apparatus 203 may transmit the first information 215 comprising an indication of the RA type corresponding to the emergency service. In other words, the indication of the RA type may be considered as an example of the first information 215. The first apparatus 201 may receive the indication of the RA type and may determine the RA type based on the indication of the RA type. Additionally or alternatively, the first apparatus 201 may perform the transmission of the first message based on a format of the first message. In some examples, the second apparatus 203 may transmit the first information 215 comprising one or more message formats. The one or more message formats may be considered as an example of the first information 215. The first apparatus 201 may receive the one or more message formats. The one or more message formats may comprise the format of the first message. The message format may be a Msg1 format, and the details will be described in some examples hereinafter, e.g. the example B.
[0108] In some examples, the indication of the random-access type and / or the one or more message formats may be transmitted by the second apparatus 203 and received by first apparatus 201 in a message for configuring at least one resource for the first apparatus 201, or in a message for triggering the configured at least one resource. The message in such examples may be referred to as an R2D message for configuring the D2R resource (s) or for triggering the configured D2R resource (s) in the example B hereinafter.
[0109] In some examples, the transmission of the first message is associated with the emergency service. In a procedure of performing the operation of the transmission of the first message, the first apparatus 201 transmits the first message comprising a preamble or a random identity (ID) in a range (referred to as a first range) . Additionally or alternatively, the first apparatus 201 transmits the first message comprising an indication that the first random access procedure is for the emergency service. In some examples, the indication that the first random access procedure is for the emergency service comprises at least one additional bit, or a message type associated with the emergency service. The details for such examples will be described in some examples hereinafter, e.g. the example C.
[0110] In some examples as described above, for the first apparatus 201, how to perform the transmission of the first message associated with the emergency service has been described. Some details for such examples may be further described below, which are related to special Msg1 transmission for the active device with emergency access. In some examples hereinafter, the active device determines to perform the emergency access, either based on the indication from the upper layer, or based on the arrived emergency data in the AS layer and there is available emergency data for transmission. The active device may use special Msg1 (the first D2R message from the active device) transmission to the reader.
[0111] In an example (i.e. example A) , more reliable Msg1 transmission for the emergency access may be implemented based on a higher transmission power or a greater repetition number in comparison to that in the normal access (or normal DO-A access) . Specifically, the active device with the emergency access is specified or configured to send Msg1 transmission with a higher transmission power than the normal DO-A access. The power level for the Msg1 transmission of the emergency access could be configured by the reader in an R2D message for configuring the D2R resource (s) or for triggering the configured D2R resource (s) . In some other examples, the active device with the emergency access is specified or configured to send the Msg1 transmission with repetition / blind retransmission or a greater repetition / blind retransmission number than the normal DO-A access. The repetition / blind retransmission enablement or repetition / blind retransmission number for the Msg1 transmission of the emergency access may be configured by the reader in the R2D message for configuring the D2R resource (s) or for triggering the configured D2R resource (s) .
[0112] In another example (i.e. example B) , the reader may indicate the RA type specifically used for the active device with the emergency access, e.g. in the R2D message for configuring the D2R resource (s) or for triggering the configured D2R resource (s) . For example, the RA type indicated for the emergency access is 2-step. Then the active device with the emergency access may transmit the first D2R message with upper layer data according to the indication of the RA type from the reader. Alternatively, in a way of an implicitly indication, the reader configures two Msg1 formats, and then the active device with the emergency data may use the Msg1 format with a larger size, and comprise the DO-A data in the Msg 1 during the Msg1 transmission.
[0113] In a further example (i.e. example C) , the active device with the emergency access may use Msg1 transmission to indicate the emergency access to the reader. In one case, an indication of the emergency access may be an implicitly indication. For example, there is specified / configured specific scope / range of the preamble or random ID for the active device with the emergency access, and the active device with the emergency access may select the preamble / random ID in the specific scope / range. After receiving the Msg1 transmission from the active device, the reader may know that the Msg1 is for the emergency access if the preamble / random ID in the Msg1 fall in the specific scope / range of preamble or random ID for the active device with the emergency access. In another case, an indication of the emergency access may be an explicitly indication. For example, there may be additional bit in the Msg1 to indicate the emergency access to the reader. Alternatively, for examples, there may be a specific message type (e.g. the message type associated with the emergency service) for indicating the emergency access to the reader.
[0114] Continuing with reference to Fig. 2, in some examples, the reception of the second message is associated with the emergency service. In some examples hereinafter, the second message may be e.g. message 2 (Msg2) . In some examples, the Msg2 may also be referred to as an Msg2 response. The reception of the second message may be termed e.g. Msg2 reception. In a procedure of performing the operation of the reception of the second message, the first apparatus 201 monitors the second message during a monitoring duration (referred to as a first monitoring duration) which is less than a further monitoring duration (referred to as a second monitoring duration) . The second monitoring duration is for the second random access procedure for the non-emergency service, i.e. for the normal access. In some examples herein, the monitoring duration for the second message may be called, e.g. Msg2 monitoring duration. In some examples, the first monitoring duration is a time window associated with the emergency service. Alternatively, the first monitoring duration is prior to the first apparatus 201 receiving a fourth number of subsequent messages from the second apparatus 203. The fourth number is less than a fifth number of subsequent messages associated with the second monitoring duration. In some examples, the second apparatus 203 may transmit the first information 215 comprising the time window configured for the emergency service. In some other examples, the time window is pre-defined. Some details related to such examples will be described in some examples hereinafter, e.g. the example represented as an option 1 hereinafter.
[0115] In some examples, the second apparatus 203 may transmit the first information 215 comprising an indication that the second message is for the first random access procedure for the emergency service. Then the first apparatus 201 may receive the indication that the second message is for the first random access procedure for the emergency service. Alternatively, the second apparatus 203 may transmit the first information 215 comprising an indication that at least one entry in the second message is for the first random access procedure for the emergency service. Then the first apparatus 201 may receive the indication that at least one entry in the second message is for the first random access procedure for the emergency service. In some examples, the reception of the second message is associated with the emergency service. In a procedure of performing the operation of the reception of the second message, the first apparatus 201 receives from the second apparatus 203, the second message comprising the indication. In other words, the indication above may be included in the second message. Some details related to such examples will be described in some examples hereinafter, e.g. the example represented as an option 2 hereinafter.
[0116] In some examples as described above, for the first apparatus 201, how to perform the reception of the second message associated with the emergency service has been described. Some details for such examples may be further described below, which are related to faster Msg2 reception (in comparison to Msg2 reception in the normal access) for the active device with the emergency access. In some examples hereinafter, the active device determines to perform the emergency access, either based on the indication from the upper layer, or based on the arrived emergency data in the AS layer and there is available emergency data for transmission. The active device with the emergency access may receive Msg2 faster than the normal DO-A access (i.e. the normal access) .
[0117] In an example (i.e. option 1) , the active device with the emergency access can be specified or configured with shorter Msg2 monitoring duration than that for the normal access. In one case, a specific time window for Msg2 reception for emergency access may be specified or configured. The active device will receive Msg2 response (i.e. the Msg2) and perform contention resolution in the time window. In another case, the active device with the emergency access will perform the contention resolution with the Msg2 reception before next (M) R2D message from the reader, in which the M is an example of the fourth number above and is smaller than a value representing a fifth number of subsequent messages for the normal DO-A access. In some examples, the M may equal to 1.
[0118] In another example (i.e. option 2) , the reader may send a specific Msg2 response (i.e. Msg2, or referred to emergency response) for the active device with the emergency access. In such Msg2 response, the reader may indicate, to the active device, that the Msg2 response (i.e. Msg2) is specifically for the Msg1 transmission for the emergency access. In some examples, the emergency response is per-message. Specifically, the whole Msg2 is specifically for the emergency access. In such examples, the reader may indicate, to the active device, that the whole Msg2 is for the emergency access. For example, there may be 1 bit in the Msg2 to indicate that the whole Msg2 is for the emergency access. In other examples, the emergency response is per-entry. Specifically, the Msg2 contains responses for both the emergency access and the normal access, the reader may indicate that a specific entry in the Msg2 is for the emergency access. For example, there may be 1 bit in an entry of the Msg2 to indicate that the entry in the Msg2 is for the emergency access.
[0119] Continuing with reference to Fig. 2, in some examples, the retransmission of the first message is associated with the emergency service. In a procedure of performing the retransmission associated with the emergency service, the first apparatus 201 retransmits the first message to the second apparatus 203 based on a first backoff value (e.g. M1 in some examples below) . The first backoff value is for determining a time point of the retransmission of the first message, and is less than a second backoff value (e.g. M2 in some examples below) which is for the second random access procedure (i.e. the normal access) for the non-emergency service. For example, if the contention resolution is failed for the first apparatus 201, the first apparatus 201 may, based on determining that the contention resolution fails, retransmit the first message at the time point (referred to as a first time point) . The first time point is after a time point (referred to as a second time point) at which the contention resolution fails. A time duration between the first time point and the second time point may be referred to as backoff time (or backed off time) . In other words, the first time point is backed off for a time length of the backoff time from the second time point. The backoff value indicates a maximum time length of the backoff time, and may be used for determining the time point of the retransmission of the first message. In some examples, the first backoff value may indicates a maximum value of the backoff time, i.e. a maximum backoff value. The first apparatus 201 may select a value as the backoff time based on a range between 0 and the maximum backoff value, e.g. a range of [0, M] . In some examples, the first backoff value is pre-defined. In some other examples, the second apparatus 203 may transmit the first information 215 comprising the first backoff value. In other words, the first backoff value may be an example of the first information 215. The first apparatus 201 may receive the first backoff value configured by the second apparatus 203. Some details related to such examples will be described in some examples hereinafter, e.g. the example represented as an option I hereinafter.
[0120] In some examples, the retransmission of the first message is associated with the emergency service. In a procedure of performing the retransmission associated with the emergency service, the first apparatus 201 retransmits, to the second apparatus 203, the first message with a third transmission power. The third transmission power is a transmission power higher than a previous transmission power which is for transmitting the first message. On the second apparatus 203 side, the second apparatus 203 may receive, from the first apparatus 201, the retransmitted first message transmitted with the transmission power higher than the previous transmission power associated with the first message.
[0121] In some examples, the third transmission power is ramped up with a first power ramping step relative to the previous transmission power. In some examples, the first power ramping step is greater than a second power ramping step. The second power ramping step is for the second random access procedure for the non-emergency service.
[0122] In some examples, the second apparatus 203 may transmit the first information 215 comprising an indication for enabling power ramping for ramping up a transmission power of a retransmitted first message, or a first power ramping step for the power ramping, or the combination thereof. Accordingly, on the first apparatus 201 side, the first apparatus 201 may receive, from the second apparatus 203, the indication for enabling power ramping, or the first power ramping step for the power ramping, or the combination thereof. The power ramping is enabled for ramping up a transmission power for the retransmission of the first message. Some details related to such examples will be described in some examples hereinafter, e.g. the example represented as an option II hereinafter.
[0123] In some examples, the retransmission of the first message is associated with the emergency service. On the first apparatus 201 side, the retransmission associated with the emergency service may be performed based on at least one of resources associated with a configuration message (e.g. R2D configuration message in some examples hereinafter) configuring at least one resource for previous transmission of the first message. Alternatively, the retransmission associated with the emergency service may be performed based on at least one resource indicated for the retransmission. On the second apparatus 203 side, the second apparatus 203 may receive, from the first apparatus 201, the retransmitted first message via at least one of resources associated with the configuration message configuring at least one resource for previous transmission of the first message, or via at least one resource indicated for the retransmission. Some details related to such examples will be described in some examples hereinafter, e.g. the example represented as an option III hereinafter.
[0124] In some examples, the first information 215 transmitted from the second apparatus 203 to the first apparatus 201 may comprise the indication of the at least one resource for the retransmission of the first message of the first apparatus, or the negative acknowledgement (NACK) , or the combination thereof. On the first apparatus 201 side, the at least one resource indicated for the retransmission may be received with the NACK indicating failure of transmission of upper layer data. Alternatively, the indication of the at least one resource for the retransmission may be received without the NACK. In some examples, the upper layer data may be transmitted in a message 3 (Msg3) or a message subsequent to the Msg3. Accordingly, the failure of transmission of the upper layer data may occur during Msg3 transmission or message transmission subsequent to the Msg3 transmission. In some examples, a message for the transmission of the upper layer data may be not limited in the present disclosure. Some details related to such examples will be described in some examples hereinafter, e.g. the example represented as an option IV hereinafter.
[0125] In some examples as described above, for the first apparatus 201, how to perform the retransmission of the first message associated with the emergency service has been described. Some details for such examples may be further described below, which are related to faster re-access (in comparison to re-access in the normal access) for the active device with the emergency access. In some examples hereinafter, the active device determines to perform the emergency access, either based on the indication from the upper layer, or based on the arrived emergency data in the AS layer and there is available emergency data for transmission. The active device with the emergency access may perform re-access (if previous access is failed) faster than the normal DO-A access (i.e. the normal access) .
[0126] In an example (i.e. option I) , if the contention resolution is failed for the active device with the emergency access, i.e. the active device does not receive the R2D response (e.g. the Msg2) for the Msg1 transmission, the active device may retransmit the Msg1 with backoff time. The active device with the emergency access may be specified or configured with a shorter maximum backoff value (e.g. M1) than a maximum backoff value (e.g. M2) for the normal DO-A access. Then the active device may randomly select a value between a range of [0, M] for the backoff time. The active device with the normal DO-A access may randomly select a value between a range of [0, N] for the backoff time.
[0127] In an example (i.e. option II) , if the contention resolution is failed for the active device with the emergency access, i.e. the active device does not receive the R2D response (e.g. the Msg2) for the Msg1 transmission, the active device may retransmit the Msg1 with a ramped up transmission power (i.e. retransmit the Msg1 with a higher transmission power than a transmission power for previously transmitting the Msg 1) . Additionally, transmission power for retransmitting the Msg1 may be ramped up with a higher power ramping step than a power ramping step for power ramping for the normal DO-A access. In some examples, enablement of the power ramping or the power ramping step for the Msg1 re-transmission of the emergency access could be configured by the reader in an R2D message which is for configuring or triggering the D2R resource (s) for the active device.
[0128] In an example (i.e. option III) , if the contention resolution is failed for the active device with the emergency access, i.e. the active device does not receive the R2D response (e.g. the Msg2) for the Msg1 transmission, the active device may retransmit the Msg1 in the D2R resources associated with the same R2D message which is for the last access. In other words, the active device may retransmit the Msg1 in the next available D2R resource for the Msg1 transmission, and do not need to wait for the next R2D configuration message for the D2R Msg1 resources.
[0129] In an example (i.e. option IV) , if upper layer data transmission (i.e. the transmission of upper layer data) in D2R direction is failed, e.g. the reader does not receive the D2R transmission which contains the upper layer data from the active device with the emergency access, the reader may send NACK to the active device, and at the same time the reader indicates resource (s) for re-access (or referred to as the re-access resource (s) ) with the NACK. After the active device receives the NACK with resource allocation, the active device may perform the re-access, e.g. retransmit the Msg1 in the allocated resource (s) . In other examples, the reader may indicate the re-access resource (s) without the NACK to trigger the active device to retransmit the Msg1.
[0130] Various examples as described above may provide solutions for a first apparatus, such as an Ambient IoT active device, with available emergency data, e.g., emergency DO-A data, to enable the first apparatus to fast access to the network and report the emergency data timely.
[0131] FIG. 3 illustrates an example of a device 300 that supports random access for a device, such as access for an active device in A-IoT, in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The device 300 may be an example of a UE 104 as described herein. The device 300 may support wireless communication with one or more network entities 102, UEs 104, or any combination thereof. The device 300 may include components for bi-directional communications including components for transmitting and receiving communications, such as a processor 302, a memory 304, a transceiver 306, and, optionally, an I / O controller 308. These components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more interfaces (e.g., buses) .
[0132] The processor 302, the memory 304, the transceiver 306, or various combinations thereof or various components thereof may be examples of means for performing various aspects of the present disclosure as described herein. For example, the processor 302, the memory 304, the transceiver 306, or various combinations or components thereof may support a method for performing one or more of the operations described herein.
[0133] In some implementations, the processor 302, the memory 304, the transceiver 306, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in communications management circuitry) . The hardware may include a processor, a digital signal processor (DSP) , an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) , a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof configured as or otherwise supporting a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure. In some implementations, the processor 302 and the memory 304 coupled with the processor 302 may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., executing, by the processor 302, instructions stored in the memory 304) .
[0134] For example, the processor 302 may support wireless communication at the device 300 in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, the processor 302 may be configured to operable to support a means for determining that a first random access procedure is to be performed associated with an emergency service, in which the first random access procedure comprises at least one operation associated with the emergency service, and the least one operation comprises one or more of resource acquisition for transmission of a first message, the transmission of the first message, reception of a second message, or retransmission of the first message; and a means for performing the first random access procedure. The processor 302 may be configured to operable to support other means for other implementations of method 500.
[0135] In some other examples, the processor 302 may be configured to operable to support a means for determining first information for a first random access procedure of a first apparatus, in which the first random access procedure comprises at least one operation associated with an emergency service, and the least one operation comprises one or more of resource acquisition for transmission of a first message, the transmission of the first message, reception of a second message, or retransmission of the first message; and a means for transmitting the first information to the first apparatus. The processor 302 may be configured to operable to support other means for other implementations of method 600.
[0136] The processor 302 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, a microcontroller, an ASIC, an FPGA, a programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic component, a discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof) . In some implementations, the processor 302 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other implementations, a memory controller may be integrated into the processor 302. The processor 302 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., the memory 304) to cause the device 300 to perform various functions of the present disclosure.
[0137] The memory 304 may include random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM) . The memory 304 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code including instructions that, when executed by the processor 302 cause the device 300 to perform various functions described herein. The code may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. In some implementations, the code may not be directly executable by the processor 302 but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform functions described herein. In some implementations, the memory 304 may include, among other things, a basic I / O system (BIOS) which may control basic hardware or software operation such as the interaction with peripheral components or devices.
[0138] The I / O controller 308 may manage input and output signals for the device 300. The I / O controller 308 may also manage peripherals not integrated into the device 300. In some implementations, the I / O controller 308 may represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral. In some implementations, the I / O controller 308 may utilize an operating system such as or another known operating system. In some implementations, the I / O controller 308 may be implemented as part of a processor, such as the processor 302. In some implementations, a user may interact with the device 300 via the I / O controller 308 or via hardware components controlled by the I / O controller 308.
[0139] In some implementations, the device 300 may include a single antenna 310. However, in some other implementations, the device 300 may have more than one antenna 310 (i.e., multiple antennas) , including multiple antenna panels or antenna arrays, which may be capable of concurrently transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions. The transceiver 306 may communicate bi-directionally, via the one or more antennas 310, wired, or wireless links as described herein. For example, the transceiver 306 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bi-directionally with another wireless transceiver. The transceiver 306 may also include a modem to modulate the packets, to provide the modulated packets to one or more antennas 310 for transmission, and to demodulate packets received from the one or more antennas 310. The transceiver 306 may include one or more transmit chains, one or more receive chains, or a combination thereof.
[0140] A transmit chain may be configured to generate and transmit signals (e.g., control information, data, packets) . The transmit chain may include at least one modulator for modulating data onto a carrier signal, preparing the signal for transmission over a wireless medium. The at least one modulator may be configured to support one or more techniques such as amplitude modulation (AM) , frequency modulation (FM) , or digital modulation schemes like phase-shift keying (PSK) or quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) . The transmit chain may also include at least one power amplifier configured to amplify the modulated signal to an appropriate power level suitable for transmission over the wireless medium. The transmit chain may also include one or more antennas 310 for transmitting the amplified signal into the air or wireless medium.
[0141] A receive chain may be configured to receive signals (e.g., control information, data, packets) over a wireless medium. For example, the receive chain may include one or more antennas 310 for receive the signal over the air or wireless medium. The receive chain may include at least one amplifier (e.g., a low-noise amplifier (LNA) ) configured to amplify the received signal. The receive chain may include at least one demodulator configured to demodulate the receive signal and obtain the transmitted data by reversing the modulation technique applied during transmission of the signal. The receive chain may include at least one decoder for decoding the processing the demodulated signal to receive the transmitted data.
[0142] FIG. 4 illustrates an example of a processor 400 that supports random access for a device, such as access for an active device in A-IoT, in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The processor 400 may be an example of a processor configured to perform various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor 400 may include a controller 402 configured to perform various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor 400 may optionally include at least one memory 404. Additionally, or alternatively, the processor 400 may optionally include one or more arithmetic-logic units (ALUs) 406. One or more of these components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more interfaces (e.g., buses) .
[0143] The processor 400 may be a processor chipset and include a protocol stack (e.g., a software stack) executed by the processor chipset to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, retrieving, transmitting, outputting, forwarding, storing, determining, identifying, accessing, writing, reading) in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor chipset may include one or more cores, one or more caches (e.g., memory local to or included in the processor chipset (e.g., the processor 400) or other memory (e.g., random access memory (RAM) , read-only memory (ROM) , dynamic RAM (DRAM) , synchronous dynamic RAM (SDRAM) , static RAM (SRAM) , ferroelectric RAM (FeRAM) , magnetic RAM (MRAM) , resistive RAM (RRAM) , flash memory, phase change memory (PCM) , and others) .
[0144] The controller 402 may be configured to manage and coordinate various operations (e.g., signaling, receiving, obtaining, retrieving, transmitting, outputting, forwarding, storing, determining, identifying, accessing, writing, reading) of the processor 400 to cause the processor 400 to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. For example, the controller 402 may operate as a control unit of the processor 400, generating control signals that manage the operation of various components of the processor 400. These control signals include enabling or disabling functional units, selecting data paths, initiating memory access, and coordinating timing of operations.
[0145] The controller 402 may be configured to fetch (e.g., obtain, retrieve, receive) instructions from the memory 404 and determine subsequent instruction (s) to be executed to cause the processor 400 to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The controller 402 may be configured to track memory address of instructions associated with the memory 404. The controller 402 may be configured to decode instructions to determine the operation to be performed and the operands involved. For example, the controller 402 may be configured to interpret the instruction and determine control signals to be output to other components of the processor 400 to cause the processor 400 to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. Additionally, or alternatively, the controller 402 may be configured to manage flow of data within the processor 400. The controller 402 may be configured to control transfer of data between registers, arithmetic logic units (ALUs) , and other functional units of the processor 400.
[0146] The memory 404 may include one or more caches (e.g., memory local to or included in the processor 400 or other memory, such RAM, ROM, DRAM, SDRAM, SRAM, MRAM, flash memory, etc. In some implementation, the memory 404 may reside within or on a processor chipset (e.g., local to the processor 400) . In some other implementations, the memory 404 may reside external to the processor chipset (e.g., remote to the processor 400) .
[0147] The memory 404 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code including instructions that, when executed by the processor 400, cause the processor 400 to perform various functions described herein. The code may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. The controller 402 and / or the processor 400 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in the memory 404 to cause the processor 400 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting transmit power prioritization) . For example, the processor 400 and / or the controller 402 may be coupled with or to the memory 404, the processor 400, the controller 402, and the memory 404 may be configured to perform various functions described herein. In some examples, the processor 400 may include multiple processors and the memory 404 may include multiple memories. One or more of the multiple processors may be coupled with one or more of the multiple memories, which may, individually or collectively, be configured to perform various functions herein.
[0148] The one or more ALUs 406 may be configured to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementation, the one or more ALUs 406 may reside within or on a processor chipset (e.g., the processor 400) . In some other implementations, the one or more ALUs 406 may reside external to the processor chipset (e.g., the processor 400) . One or more ALUs 406 may perform one or more computations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division on data. For example, one or more ALUs 406 may receive input operands and an operation code, which determines an operation to be executed. One or more ALUs 406 be configured with a variety of logical and arithmetic circuits, including adders, subtractors, shifters, and logic gates, to process and manipulate the data according to the operation. Additionally, or alternatively, the one or more ALUs 406 may support logical operations such as AND, OR, exclusive-OR (XOR) , not-OR (NOR) , and not-AND (NAND) , enabling the one or more ALUs 406 to handle conditional operations, comparisons, and bitwise operations.
[0149] The processor 400 may support wireless communication in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples the processor 402 may be configured to or operable to support a means for determining that a first random access procedure is to be performed associated with an emergency service, in which the first random access procedure comprises at least one operation associated with the emergency service, and the least one operation comprises one or more of resource acquisition for transmission of a first message, the transmission of the first message, reception of a second message, or retransmission of the first message; and a means for performing the first random access procedure. The processor 400 may be configured to or operable to support other means for other implementations of method 500. In some other examples, the processor 402 may be configured to or operable to support a means for determining first information for a first random access procedure of a first apparatus, in which the first random access procedure comprises at least one operation associated with an emergency service, and the least one operation comprises one or more of resource acquisition for transmission of a first message, the transmission of the first message, reception of a second message, or retransmission of the first message; and a means for transmitting the first information to the first apparatus. The processor 400 may be configured to or operable to support other means for other implementations of method 600.
[0150] FIG. 5 illustrates a flowchart of a method 500 that supports random access for a device, such as access for an active device in A-IoT, in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 500 may be implemented by a device or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 500 may be performed by the first apparatus 201 or a UE 104 or an A-IoT device as described herein. In some implementations, the device may execute a set of instructions to control the function elements of the device to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the device may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.
[0151] At 505, the method includes determining that a first random access procedure is to be performed associated with an emergency service, in which the first random access procedure comprises at least one operation associated with the emergency service, and the least one operation comprises one or more of resource acquisition for transmission of a first message, the transmission of the first message, reception of a second message, or retransmission of the first message. The operations of 505 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 505 may be performed by a device as described with reference to FIG. 1 to FIG. 4.
[0152] At 510, the method includes performing the first random access procedure. The operations of 510 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 510 may be performed by a device as described with reference to FIG. 1 to FIG. 4.
[0153] FIG. 6 illustrates a flowchart of a method 600 that supports random access for a device, such as access for an active device in A-IoT, in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 600 may be implemented by a device or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 600 may be performed by the second apparatus 203 or a reader or the network entity 102 or the UE 104a as the reader as described herein. In some implementations, the device may execute a set of instructions to control the function elements of the device to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the device may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.
[0154] At 605, the method includes determining first information for a first random access procedure of a first apparatus, in which the first random access procedure comprises at least one operation associated with an emergency service, and the least one operation comprises one or more of resource acquisition for transmission of a first message, the transmission of the first message, reception of a second message, or retransmission of the first message. The operations of 605 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 605 may be performed by a device as described with reference to FIG. 1 to FIG. 4.
[0155] At 610, the method may include transmitting the first information to the first apparatus. The operations of 610 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 610 may be performed by a device as described with reference to FIG. 1 to FIG. 4.
[0156] It should be noted that the methods described herein describes possible implementations, and that the operations and the steps may be rearranged or otherwise modified and that other implementations are possible. Further, aspects from two or more of the methods may be combined.
[0157] The various illustrative blocks and components described in connection with the disclosure herein may be implemented or performed with a general-purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, a CPU, an FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor may be any processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration.
[0158] The functions described herein may be implemented in hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software executed by a processor, the functions may be stored on or transmitted over as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Other examples and implementations are within the scope of the disclosure and appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, functions described herein may be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hardwiring, or combinations of any of these. Features implementing functions may also be physically located at various positions, including being distributed such that portions of functions are implemented at different physical locations.
[0159] Computer-readable media includes both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another. A non-transitory storage medium may be any available medium that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer. By way of example, non-transitory computer-readable media may include RAM, ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM) , flash memory, compact disk (CD) ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transitory medium that may be used to carry or store desired program code means in the form of instructions or data structures and that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer, or a general-purpose or special-purpose processor.
[0160] As used herein, including in the claims, an article “a” before an element is unrestricted and understood to refer to “at least one” of those elements or “one or more” of those elements. The terms “a, ” “at least one, ” “one or more, ” and “at least one of one or more” may be interchangeable. As used herein, including in the claims, “or” as used in a list of items (e.g., a list of items prefaced by a phrase such as “at least one of” or “one or more of” or “one or both of” ) indicates an inclusive list such that, for example, a list of at least one of A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C) . Also, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall not be construed as a reference to a closed set of conditions. For example, an example step that is described as “based on condition A” may be based on both a condition A and a condition B without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall be construed in the same manner as the phrase “based at least in part on. Further, as used herein, including in the claims, a “set” may include one or more elements.
[0161] The description herein is provided to enable a person having ordinary skill in the art to make or use the disclosure. Various modifications to the disclosure will be apparent to a person having ordinary skill in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Thus, the disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein but is to be accorded the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims
1.A first apparatus comprising:a processor; anda transceiver coupled to the processor,wherein the processor is configured to:determine that a first random access procedure is to be performed associated with an emergency service, wherein the first random access procedure comprises at least one operation associated with the emergency service, and the least one operation comprises one or more of resource acquisition for transmission of a first message, the transmission of the first message, reception of a second message, or retransmission of the first message; andperform the first random access procedure.2.The first apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to perform the resource acquisition associated with the emergency service by:transmitting, via the transceiver and to a second apparatus, a request for a configuration of at least one resource for the emergency service; andmonitoring a message comprising the configuration from the second apparatus.3.The first apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to perform the resource acquisition associated with the emergency service by:receiving, via the transceiver and from a second apparatus, an indication of a resource range of at least one resource for the emergency service among one or more resources configured by the second apparatus; andselecting the at least one resource based on the indication of the resource range.4.The first apparatus of claim 3, wherein the indication indicates a first number of preceding resources among the one or more resources.5.The first apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to perform the resource acquisition associated with the emergency service by selecting at least one resource comprising:a second number of preceding resources among the one or more resources; ora third number of resources selected based on selection probability among the one or more resources.6.The first apparatus of claim 5, wherein the one or more resources are in a decreasing sequence per selection probability of resources.7.The first apparatus of claim 1, wherein the transmission of the first message associated with the emergency service is associated with at least one of the following:a first transmission power which is higher than a second transmission power, wherein the second transmission power is for a second random access procedure for a non-emergency service; ora first repetition or blind retransmission number.8.The first apparatus of claim 7, wherein the first repetition or blind retransmission number is greater than a second repetition or blind retransmission number, wherein the second repetition or blind retransmission number is for the second random access procedure.9.The first apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to perform the transmission of the first message associated with the emergency service based on the following:a random-access (RA) type corresponding to the emergency service; ora format of the first message.10.The first apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to perform the transmission of the first message associated with the emergency service by:transmitting, via the transceiver, the first message comprising at least one of the following:a preamble or a random identity (ID) in a first range; oran indication that the first random access procedure is for the emergency service.11.The first apparatus of claim 10, wherein the indication that the first random access procedure is for the emergency service comprises:at least one additional bit; ora message type associated with the emergency service.12.The first apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to perform the reception of the second message associated with the emergency service by:monitoring the second message during a first monitoring duration which is less than a second monitoring duration, wherein the second monitoring duration is for a second random access procedure for a non-emergency service.13.The first apparatus of claim 12, wherein the first monitoring duration is the following:a time window associated with the emergency service; orprior to receiving a fourth number of subsequent messages from the second apparatus, wherein the fourth number is less than a fifth number of subsequent messages associated with the second monitoring duration.14.The first apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to receive, via the transceiver and from a second apparatus, the following:an indication that the second message is for the first random access procedure for the emergency service; oran indication that at least one entry in the second message is for the first random access procedure for the emergency service.15.The first apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to perform the retransmission associated with the emergency service by:retransmitting, via the transceiver, the first message to a second apparatus based on a first backoff value, wherein the first backoff value is for determining a time point of the retransmission and is less than a second backoff value which is for a second random access procedure for a non-emergency service.16.The first apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to perform the retransmission associated with the emergency service based on the following from the second apparatus:at least one of resources associated with a configuration message configuring at least one resource for previous transmission of the first message; orat least one resource indicated for the retransmission.17.The first apparatus of claim 16, wherein the at least one resource indicated for the retransmission is received with negative acknowledgement (NACK) indicating failure of transmission of upper layer data.18.A second apparatus comprising:a processor; anda transceiver coupled to the processor,wherein the processor is configured to:determine first information for a first random access procedure of a first apparatus, wherein the first random access procedure comprises at least one operation associated with an emergency service, and the least one operation comprises one or more of resource acquisition for transmission of a first message, the transmission of the first message, reception of a second message, or retransmission of the first message; andtransmit, via the transceiver, the first information to the first apparatus.19.A processor for wireless communication, comprising:at least one memory; anda controller coupled with the at least one memory and configured to cause the controller to:determine that a first random access procedure is to be performed associated with an emergency service, wherein the first random access procedure comprises at least one operation associated with the emergency service, and the least one operation comprises one or more of resource acquisition for transmission of a first message, the transmission of the first message, reception of a second message, or retransmission of the first message; andperform the first random access procedure.20.A method performed by a first apparatus, the method comprising:determining that a first random access procedure is to be performed associated with an emergency service, wherein the first random access procedure comprises at least one operation associated with the emergency service, and the least one operation comprises one or more of resource acquisition for transmission of a first message, the transmission of the first message, reception of a second message, or retransmission of the first message; andperforming the first random access procedure.