Communication method and apparatus, and readable storage medium

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of communications, and in particular to a communication method and apparatus, and a readable storage medium. The method comprises: a UE sending a first message to a base station, wherein the first message comprises first information, the first information is used for indicating the maximum length of a prediction window supported by each of one or more models, and the maximum length of the prediction window is used for determining measurement configuration information; and receiving the measurement configuration information from the base station. The embodiments of the present application can improve the prediction accuracy of models, and can also reduce the measurement overhead or improve the handover performance.

Description

Communication methods, devices and readable storage media

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202411997720.X, filed with the China National Intellectual Property Administration on December 31, 2024, entitled "Communication Method, Apparatus and Readable Storage Medium", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a communication method, apparatus and readable storage medium. Background Technology

[0003] Connected-state measurements are typically used for cell selection during handover preparation. After the base station sends measurement configuration information to the user equipment (UE), the UE can perform relevant measurements based on the content of the measurement configuration information (such as detecting the signal quality of neighboring cells). Furthermore, the UE can also send the measurement results (such as signal quality) to the base station.

[0004] Artificial intelligence (AI) utilizes computers to simulate and extend human consciousness, thought processes, and intelligent behaviors (such as learning, reasoning, thinking, and planning), enabling computers to achieve higher-level applications. Machine learning (ML) refers to extracting recognizable features from a series of raw data and then learning from these features to ultimately generate a model. Applying AI / ML to communication technologies (such as new radio (NR)) can improve network performance and user experience through intelligent data collection and analysis. Currently, it is possible to obtain measurement results (such as signal quality) based on prediction. For example, AI can be used to predict layer 3 (L3) cell-level measurement results based on layer 1 (L1) beam-level measurement results; or AI can be used to predict future L3 cell-level measurement results based on actual L3 cell-level measurement results. In AI-based time-domain prediction, the accuracy of the predicted measurement results is related to the length of the prediction window.

[0005] Therefore, how to improve the prediction accuracy of the model is a problem that those skilled in the art are studying. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This application provides a communication method, apparatus, and readable storage medium, which can improve the prediction accuracy of the model, reduce measurement overhead, or improve switching performance.

[0007] The present application is described below from different aspects. It should be understood that the different implementation methods and beneficial effects described below can be referenced from each other.

[0008] In a first aspect, this application provides a communication method applied to a first communication device, which may be a terminal, a communication module or component of the terminal, or a logic module or chip capable of implementing all or part of the terminal's functions. The method includes: the first communication device sending a first message to a second communication device, the first message including first information, the first information indicating the maximum length of prediction windows supported by one or more models respectively; the maximum length of the prediction windows being used to determine measurement configuration information; and the first communication device receiving the measurement configuration information from the second communication device.

[0009] For example, the first communication device may be in a radio resource control (RRC) connected state.

[0010] For example, the first message mentioned above could be a UE capability information message.

[0011] For example, the first information mentioned above may include the maximum length of the prediction window (PW) supported by each of the one or more models.

[0012] For example, the second communication device may be a network device (such as a base station), or a communication module or component of a network device, or a logic module or chip that can realize all or part of the functions of a network device.

[0013] The "model" in this application can be an AI model or an ML model, or it can be an algorithm; there are no limitations. The model in this application can be deployed in the first communication device and / or the second communication device, or it can be deployed outside the first communication device and / or the second communication device, such as in core network equipment, servers, or cloud equipment; there are no limitations.

[0014] In this application, "the length of PW" can also be described as "the size of PW".

[0015] It is understandable that the length of the Predictive Written (PW) is related to the prediction accuracy of the model (e.g., the longer the PW, the lower the prediction accuracy). This application's analysis shows that the PW is a capability of the model (e.g., an AI model), and this capability may change due to various factors (e.g., different carriers, different cells, etc.). Different measurement configurations may correspond to different carriers or cells, thus affecting the PW capability under that measurement configuration.

[0016] Therefore, the first communication device of this application reports the PW capability supported by the model (i.e., the maximum length of the PW) so that the second communication device (such as a base station) can configure appropriate measurement configuration information for the first communication device according to the PW capability, thereby improving the prediction accuracy of the model, reducing measurement overhead, or improving handover performance.

[0017] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, before the first communication device sends the first message to the second communication device, the method further includes: the first communication device receiving first indicator information from the second communication device, the first indicator information being used to indicate model performance. One or more of the aforementioned models all satisfy the model performance indicated by the first indicator information. For example, model performance may include the model's prediction accuracy. For instance, the first indicator information may include indicators / information used to describe the model's prediction accuracy.

[0018] For example, the first indicator information mentioned above includes one or more of the following: the difference between the predicted measurement result and the actual measurement result, the handover failure rate, the handover success rate, the number of handover attempts per second, the proportion of short-duration stays, or the measurement cost saving rate.

[0019] In this application, "prediction" can be replaced with "inference," and "measured" can be replaced with "non-prediction / non-inference." "Measured" can be understood as actual measurement, and "prediction" can be understood as the model output without actual measurement.

[0020] The "measurement results" of this application may include: beam-level measurement results and / or cell-level measurement results. For example, the measurement results may be reference signal received power (RSRP), received signal strength indicator (RSSI), reference signal received quality (RSRQ), or signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR), etc.

[0021] The difference here can be the average difference, the absolute value of the average difference, or the root mean square error, etc. The short-stay ratio can be understood as the number of short-stay occurrences divided by the number of successful handovers. Short-stay can be understood as the UE's dwell time in a cell being less than the predetermined minimum time-of-stay parameter (MTS). Dwell time can be understood as the duration between the moment the UE successfully sends a handover completion message (e.g., an RRC reconfiguration completion message) to cell A, and the moment the UE successfully sends a handover completion message (e.g., an RRC reconfiguration completion message) to another cell B, for cell A.

[0022] The second communication device (such as a base station) of this application sends first indicator information to the first communication device to indicate model performance; the first communication device filters models according to the model performance indicated by the first indicator information and reports the PW capabilities supported by the models, which can improve the reliability of cell handover.

[0023] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, after the first communication device sends a first message to the second communication device, the method further includes: the first communication device receiving a second message from the second communication device, the second message indicating the sending time of a switching command, the time interval between the sending time of the switching command and the reporting time of the measurement report being less than or equal to the maximum length of the prediction window supported by the first model, the first model being one of the aforementioned models; and the first communication device sending the measurement report to the second communication device, the measurement report being determined based on the aforementioned measurement configuration information.

[0024] For example, the second message mentioned above includes one or more of the following: the method of sending the switching command, the time of sending the switching command, or the time interval between the time of sending the switching command and the time of reporting the measurement report.

[0025] This application reports the PW capability (such as the maximum length of the PW) of the model through a first communication device. The second communication device (such as a base station) determines the transmission time of the handover command based on the PW capability and informs the first communication device. On the one hand, this can align the transmission time of the handover command between the first and second communication devices, reducing the power consumption of the first communication device. On the other hand, it can obtain a suitable timing for transmitting the handover command, preventing the transmission time of the handover command from exceeding the maximum length of the PW.

[0026] Secondly, this application provides a communication method applied to a second communication device, which may be a network device (such as a base station), a communication module or component of a network device, or a logic module or chip capable of implementing all or part of the functions of a network device. The method includes: the second communication device receiving a first message from a first communication device, the first message including first information indicating the maximum length of prediction windows supported by one or more models; the second communication device determining measurement configuration information based on the first information; and the second communication device then sending the measurement configuration information to the first communication device.

[0027] For example, the first message mentioned above could be a UE capability information message.

[0028] For example, the first information mentioned above may include the maximum length of the PW supported by each of the one or more models.

[0029] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one possible implementation, before the second communication device receives the first message from the first communication device, the method further includes: the second communication device sending first indicator information to the first communication device, the first indicator information being used to indicate model performance. One or more of the aforementioned models all satisfy the model performance indicated by the first indicator information. For example, model performance may include the model's prediction accuracy. For instance, the first indicator information may include indicators / information used to describe the model's prediction accuracy.

[0030] For example, the aforementioned first indicator information includes one or more of the following: the difference between the predicted measurement result and the actual measurement result, the handover failure rate, the handover success rate, the number of handover attempts per second, the proportion of short-duration dwell time, or the measurement cost saving rate. The meaning of each parameter included in the first indicator information can be found in the relevant descriptions in the method embodiments below, and will not be detailed here.

[0031] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one possible implementation, after the second communication device receives the first message from the first communication device, the method further includes: the second communication device sending a second message to the first communication device, the second message indicating the sending time of a switching command, the time interval between the sending time of the switching command and the reporting time of the measurement report being less than or equal to the maximum length of the prediction window supported by the first model, the first model being one of the aforementioned models; and the second communication device receiving a measurement report from the first communication device, the measurement report being determined based on the aforementioned measurement configuration information.

[0032] For example, the second message mentioned above includes one or more of the following: the method of sending the switching command, the time of sending the switching command, or the time interval between the time of sending the switching command and the time of reporting the measurement report.

[0033] In conjunction with the first or second aspect, in one possible implementation, the aforementioned measurement configuration information includes one or more of the following: prediction window indication information, spectral information of the reference signal, or model information. The prediction window indication information indicates the length of the prediction window used by the first model, which is one of the aforementioned models, associated with the aforementioned measurement configuration information, and the prediction window length is less than or equal to the maximum length of the prediction window supported by the first model. The spectral information of the reference signal is determined based on the maximum length of the prediction window supported by the first model. The model information identifies the first model.

[0034] For example, the above model information may include the model identifier of the first model, and may also include the model parameters of the first model (such as structural parameters, input parameters, or output parameters).

[0035] For example, the spectral information of the reference signal can be used to indicate one or more of the following: the timing of the transmission of the reference signal, or the timing of the UE measuring the reference signal (e.g., timing occasion), or the timing of predicting the signal quality of the reference signal.

[0036] It is understandable that the reference signal is sent from the first communication device to the second communication device.

[0037] The measurement configuration information in this application matches the PW capability supported by the model reported by the first communication device, which can improve the prediction accuracy of the model.

[0038] In conjunction with the first or second aspect, in one possible implementation, the aforementioned first message further includes first parameter information, which includes one or more of the following: first carrier information, first cell information, or first location information. This first information is used to indicate the maximum length of the prediction window supported by the aforementioned one or more models under this first parameter information.

[0039] For example, the first carrier information may be the carrier frequency and / or carrier number corresponding to the object predicted by the model (such as a candidate cell, serving cell, etc.). The first cell information may be the cell identifier and / or cell parameters corresponding to the object predicted by the model (such as a candidate cell, serving cell, etc.). The first location information may be the geographical location (e.g., latitude and longitude) corresponding to the object predicted by the model (such as a candidate cell, serving cell, etc.). Alternatively, the first location information may also be the geographical location (e.g., latitude and longitude) of the first communication device. It is understood that the first carrier information may include information of one or more carriers, the first cell information may include information of one or more cells, and the first location information may include information of one or more locations.

[0040] The first parameter information of this application is associated with the first information so that the second communication device can know the PW capability of the model under different parameter information, thereby configuring more suitable measurement configuration information for the first communication device and further improving the prediction accuracy of the model.

[0041] In conjunction with the first or second aspect, in one possible implementation, the aforementioned measurement configuration information further includes second parameter information, which includes one or more of the following: second carrier information, second cell information, or second location information. Specifically, the second carrier information includes all or part of the aforementioned first carrier information, the second cell information includes all or part of the aforementioned first cell information, and the second location information includes all or part of the aforementioned first location information.

[0042] In conjunction with the first or second aspect, in one possible implementation, the aforementioned first message further includes one or more of the following: second information, or third information. The second information is used to indicate the one or more models mentioned above, and the third information is used to indicate the maximum length of the observation window (OW) supported by the one or more models mentioned above, respectively.

[0043] In one possible implementation, in conjunction with the first or second aspect, the first message also includes second indicator information, which is used to indicate the performance of the one or more models, such as the predictive accuracy of the models.

[0044] For example, the second indicator information may include one or more of the following: the difference between the measurement result predicted by each model and the actual measurement result in the one or more models, the switching failure rate corresponding to each model, the switching success rate corresponding to each model, the number of switching attempts per second corresponding to each model, the short-term dwell ratio corresponding to each model, or the measurement cost saving rate of each model.

[0045] It is understood that the second metric information can also be associated with the first parameter information and / or the first information mentioned above. In other words, the second metric information can include the model performance of the one or more models under the first parameter information mentioned above, and / or the second metric information can include the model performance of the one or more models under the maximum length of their respective supported PWs.

[0046] Thirdly, this application provides a communication device, which may be a first communication device or a chip within a first communication device. The communication device is used to execute the methods described in the first aspect or any possible implementation thereof. The communication device includes modules for executing the methods described in the first aspect or any possible implementation thereof.

[0047] Fourthly, this application provides a communication device, which may be a second communication device or a chip within a second communication device. The communication device is used to execute the methods described in the second aspect or any possible implementation thereof. The communication device includes modules having the ability to execute the methods described in the second aspect or any possible implementation thereof.

[0048] In the third or fourth aspect, the aforementioned communication device may include a transceiver module and a processing module. Further details regarding the transceiver module and processing module can be found in the device embodiments shown below. The beneficial effects of the third and fourth aspects described above can be referenced in the relevant descriptions of the first and second aspects, and will not be repeated here.

[0049] Fifthly, this application provides a communication method applied to a first communication device, which may be a terminal, a communication module or component of the terminal, or a logic module or chip capable of implementing all or part of the terminal's functions. The method includes: the first communication device receiving a system information block (SIB) message, the SIB message including first information used to indicate model performance; the first communication device determining a first model based on the first information, the first model satisfying the model performance indicated by the first information; and the first communication device further obtaining predicted measurement results based on the first model, the measurement results including beam measurement results and / or cell measurement results.

[0050] For example, the measurement result may be RSRP, RSSI, RSRQ, or SINR, etc.

[0051] For example, the first communication device is in the RRC idle state / RRC inactive state.

[0052] For example, the first model can be an AI model or an ML model.

[0053] The second communication device (such as a base station) of this application carries first information in the SIB message to indicate model performance; the first communication device determines the model according to the model performance indicated in the SIB message, and then uses the determined model (such as the first model) to make predictions, which can improve the reliability of cell selection or cell reselection and enhance the continuity experience of the first communication device.

[0054] Sixthly, this application provides a communication method applied to a second communication device, which may be a network device (such as a base station), a communication module or component of the network device, or a logic module or chip capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the network device. The method includes: the second communication device sending (e.g., periodically broadcasting) an SIB message, the SIB message including first information, the first information indicating model performance, the first information determining a first model that satisfies the model performance indicated by the first information, and the first model predicting beam measurement results and / or cell measurement results.

[0055] For example, the measurement result may be RSRP, RSSI, RSRQ, or SINR, etc.

[0056] For example, the first model can be an AI model or an ML model.

[0057] In conjunction with the fifth or sixth aspect, in one possible implementation, the aforementioned first information includes one or more of the following: the difference between the predicted measurement result and the actual measurement result, the handover failure rate, the handover success rate, the number of handover attempts per second, the proportion of short-duration dwell time, or the measurement overhead saving rate. The meanings of the various parameters included in the first information can be found in the relevant descriptions in the method embodiments below, and will not be detailed here.

[0058] In conjunction with the fifth or sixth aspect, in one possible implementation, the aforementioned first model corresponds to one or more prediction window lengths. The aforementioned first model satisfies the model performance indicated by the first information, including: the performance of the first model at a target prediction window length satisfies the model performance indicated by the first information, where the target prediction window length is one of the aforementioned one or more prediction window lengths.

[0059] In conjunction with the fifth or sixth aspect, in one possible implementation, a prediction window length is associated with one or more parameter information, including one or more of the following: carrier information, cell information, or location information. For example, the carrier information may be the carrier frequency and / or carrier number corresponding to the object predicted by the first model (e.g., the stationed cell, neighboring cells, etc.). For example, the cell information may be the cell identifier and / or cell parameters corresponding to the object predicted by the first model (e.g., the stationed cell, neighboring cells, etc.). For example, the location information may be the geographical location (e.g., latitude and longitude) corresponding to the object predicted by the first model (e.g., the stationed cell, neighboring cells, etc.). Alternatively, the first location information may also be the geographical location (e.g., latitude and longitude) of the first communication device.

[0060] In a seventh aspect, this application provides a communication device, which may be a first communication device or a chip within a first communication device. The communication device is used to perform the methods described in the fifth aspect or any possible implementation thereof. The communication device includes modules having the ability to perform the methods described in the fifth aspect or any possible implementation thereof.

[0061] Eighthly, this application provides a communication device, which may be a second communication device or a chip within a second communication device. The communication device is used to perform the methods described in the sixth aspect or any possible implementation thereof. The communication device includes modules having the capability to perform the methods described in the sixth aspect or any possible implementation thereof.

[0062] In the seventh or eighth aspect, the aforementioned communication apparatus may include a transceiver module and a processing module. Further details regarding the transceiver module and processing module can be found in the apparatus embodiments shown below. The beneficial effects of the seventh and eighth aspects described above can be referenced in the relevant descriptions of the fifth and sixth aspects, and will not be repeated here.

[0063] Ninthly, this application provides a communication method applied to a first communication device, which may be a network device (such as a base station), a communication module or component of a network device, or a logic module or chip capable of implementing all or part of the functions of a network device. The method includes: the first communication device receiving a first message from a second communication device, the first message including first information indicating the maximum length of prediction windows supported by one or more models respectively; and the first communication device determining, based on the first information, whether to send a handover request acknowledgement message.

[0064] For example, if the maximum length of the PW supported by all models indicated by the first information does not match the spectral information of the reference signal of the second communication device, then it is determined not to send a handover request confirmation message. Conversely, if the maximum length of the PW supported by some / a certain model indicated by the first information matches the spectral information of the reference signal of the second communication device, then it is determined to send a handover request confirmation message to the second communication device. The description of the spectral information of the reference signal can be found in the following description of the method embodiments, and will not be detailed here.

[0065] For example, the first communication device may be a candidate / target base station. The second communication device may be a source base station.

[0066] In this embodiment of the application, a candidate / target base station (such as a first communication device) receives a first message indicating the PW capabilities supported by the model (such as the maximum length of the PW), so that the candidate / target base station determines whether to send a handover request confirmation message based on the PW capabilities. This can improve the reliability and performance of cell handover.

[0067] In conjunction with the ninth aspect, in one possible implementation, after the first communication device receives a first message from the second communication device, the method further includes: the first communication device determining measurement configuration information based on the first message; and the first communication device sending the measurement configuration information to the second communication device.

[0068] For example, if the first communication device determines that it will send a handover request confirmation message to the second communication device, the first communication device may then send measurement configuration information to the second communication device.

[0069] The candidate / target base station (such as the first communication device) of this application receives the PW capability (i.e. the maximum length of the PW) supported by the model reported by the source base station (such as the second communication device), so that the candidate / target base station can configure appropriate measurement configuration information according to the PW capability, thereby improving the prediction accuracy of the model, reducing measurement overhead or improving handover performance.

[0070] In conjunction with the ninth aspect, in one possible implementation, before the first communication device receives the first message from the second communication device, the method further includes: the first communication device sending first indicator information to the second communication device, the first indicator information being used to indicate model performance. One or more of the aforementioned models satisfy the model performance indicated by the first indicator information. For example, model performance may include the model's prediction accuracy. For instance, the first indicator information may include indicators / information used to describe the model's prediction accuracy.

[0071] For example, the first indicator information mentioned above includes one or more of the following: the difference between the predicted measurement result and the actual measurement result, the handover failure rate, the handover success rate, the number of handover attempts per second, the proportion of short-duration stays, or the measurement cost saving rate.

[0072] Tenthly, this application provides a communication method applied to a second communication device, which may be a network device (such as a base station), a communication module or component of a network device, or a logic module or chip capable of implementing all or part of the functions of a network device. The method includes: the second communication device sending a first message to a first communication device, the first message including first information indicating the maximum length of prediction windows supported by one or more models; and the second communication device sending measurement configuration information to a terminal, the measurement configuration information being determined based on the maximum length of the prediction windows.

[0073] For example, the first communication device may be a candidate / target base station. The second communication device may be a source base station.

[0074] For example, the measurement configuration information may be determined by the second communication device itself, or it may be sent to the second communication device by the first communication device.

[0075] In conjunction with the tenth aspect, in one possible implementation, after the second communication device sends a first message to the first communication device, the method further includes: the second communication device receiving measurement configuration information from the first communication device.

[0076] In conjunction with the tenth aspect, in one possible implementation, before the second communication device sends the first message to the first communication device, the method further includes: the second communication device receiving first information from the terminal.

[0077] In conjunction with the tenth aspect, in one possible implementation, before the second communication device sends the first message to the first communication device, the method further includes: the second communication device receiving first indicator information from the first communication device, the first indicator information being used to indicate model performance. One or more of the aforementioned models satisfy the model performance indicated by the first indicator information. For example, model performance may include the model's prediction accuracy. For instance, the first indicator information may include indicators / information used to describe the model's prediction accuracy.

[0078] For example, the first indicator information mentioned above includes one or more of the following: the difference between the predicted measurement result and the actual measurement result, the handover failure rate, the handover success rate, the number of handover attempts per second, the proportion of short-duration stays, or the measurement cost saving rate.

[0079] In conjunction with aspect nine or ten, in one possible implementation, the aforementioned measurement configuration information includes one or more of the following: a transmission pattern of the reference signal, model information, or prediction window indication information. The prediction window indication information indicates the length of the prediction window used by the first model, which is one of the aforementioned models, associated with the aforementioned measurement configuration information, and the prediction window length is less than or equal to the maximum length of the prediction window supported by the first model. The spectral information of the reference signal is determined based on the maximum length of the prediction window supported by the first model. The model information is used to identify the first model.

[0080] For example, the above model information may include the model identifier of the first model, and may also include the model parameters of the first model (such as structural parameters, input parameters, or output parameters).

[0081] For example, the spectral information of the reference signal can be used to indicate one or more of the following: the timing of the transmission of the reference signal, or the timing of the UE measuring the reference signal (e.g., timing occasion), or the timing of predicting the signal quality of the reference signal.

[0082] It is understandable that the reference signal is sent from the first communication device to the second communication device.

[0083] The measurement configuration information in this application matches the PW capability supported by the model reported by the terminal, which can improve the prediction accuracy of the model.

[0084] In conjunction with aspect nine or ten, in one possible implementation, the aforementioned first message further includes first parameter information, which includes one or more of the following: first carrier information, first cell information, or first location information. This first information is used to indicate the maximum length of the prediction window supported by the aforementioned one or more models under this first parameter information.

[0085] For example, the first carrier information may be the carrier frequency and / or carrier number corresponding to the object predicted by the model (such as a candidate cell, serving cell, etc.). The first cell information may be the cell identifier and / or cell parameters corresponding to the object predicted by the model (such as a candidate cell, serving cell, etc.). The first location information may be the geographical location (e.g., latitude and longitude) corresponding to the object predicted by the model (such as a candidate cell, serving cell, etc.). Alternatively, the first location information may also be the geographical location (e.g., latitude and longitude) of the first communication device. It is understood that the first carrier information may include information of one or more carriers, the first cell information may include information of one or more cells, and the first location information may include information of one or more locations.

[0086] The first parameter information of this application is associated with the first information so that the network can know the PW capability of the model under different parameter information, thereby configuring more suitable measurement configuration information for the terminal and further improving the prediction accuracy of the model.

[0087] In conjunction with aspect nine or ten, in one possible implementation, the aforementioned measurement configuration information further includes second parameter information, which includes one or more of the following: second carrier information, second cell information, or second location information. Wherein, the second carrier information includes all or part of the aforementioned first carrier information, the second cell information includes all or part of the aforementioned first cell information, and the second location information includes all or part of the aforementioned first location information.

[0088] In conjunction with aspect nine or ten, in one possible implementation, the aforementioned first message further includes one or more of the following: second information, or third information. The second information is used to indicate one or more of the aforementioned models, and the third information is used to indicate the maximum length of the Open Work (OW) supported by each of the aforementioned one or more models.

[0089] In conjunction with the ninth or tenth aspect, in one possible implementation, the first message mentioned above also includes second indicator information, which is used to indicate the performance of the one or more models mentioned above, such as the predictive accuracy of the models.

[0090] For example, the second indicator information may include one or more of the following: the difference between the measurement result predicted by each model and the actual measurement result in the one or more models, the switching failure rate corresponding to each model, the switching success rate corresponding to each model, the number of switching attempts per second corresponding to each model, the short-term dwell ratio corresponding to each model, or the measurement cost saving rate of each model.

[0091] It is understood that the second metric information can also be associated with the first parameter information and / or the first information mentioned above. In other words, the second metric information can include the model performance of the one or more models under the first parameter information mentioned above, and / or the second metric information can include the model performance of the one or more models under the maximum length of their respective supported PWs.

[0092] Eleventhly, this application provides a communication device, which may be a first communication device or a chip in a first communication device. The communication device is used to perform the methods in the ninth aspect or any possible implementation thereof. The communication device includes modules having the ability to perform the methods in the ninth aspect or any possible implementation thereof.

[0093] In a twelfth aspect, this application provides a communication device, which may be a second communication device or a chip within a second communication device. The communication device is used to perform the methods described in the tenth aspect or any possible implementation thereof. The communication device includes modules having the ability to perform the methods described in the tenth aspect or any possible implementation thereof.

[0094] In the eleventh or twelfth aspect, the aforementioned communication device may include a transceiver module and a processing module. Further details regarding the transceiver module and processing module can be found in the device embodiments shown below. The beneficial effects of the eleventh and twelfth aspects described above can be found in the relevant descriptions of the ninth and tenth aspects, and will not be repeated here.

[0095] In a thirteenth aspect, embodiments of this application provide a communication device including a processor configured to execute the methods described in the first aspect, or the second aspect, or the fifth aspect, or the sixth aspect, or the ninth aspect, or the tenth aspect, or any one of these aspects or any possible implementations thereof. The processor executes a program stored in a memory, and when the program is executed, the methods described in the first aspect, or the second aspect, or the fifth aspect, or the sixth aspect, or the ninth aspect, or the tenth aspect, or any one of these aspects or any possible implementations thereof are executed.

[0096] In conjunction with aspect thirteen, in one possible implementation, the memory is located outside the aforementioned communication device.

[0097] In conjunction with aspect thirteen, in one possible implementation, the memory is located within the aforementioned communication device.

[0098] In conjunction with aspect thirteen, in one possible implementation, the processor and memory can also be integrated into a single device; that is, the processor and memory can be integrated together. For example, the communication device can be a chip.

[0099] In conjunction with aspect thirteen, in one possible implementation, the communication device further includes a transceiver for sending or receiving messages. Exemplarily, the communication device may be a terminal or a network device.

[0100] In a fourteenth aspect, this application provides a communication device including a processor and an interface circuit coupled together. The interface circuit is used for transmitting, receiving, or inputting / outputting information or data. The processor is used to execute program instructions that cause the communication device to perform the methods described in any possible implementation of the first, second, fifth, sixth, ninth, or tenth aspects above. The interface circuit may be a communication interface or a transceiver. The transceiver may be a radio frequency module in the communication device, or a combination of a radio frequency module and an antenna, or an input / output interface of a chip or circuit.

[0101] In a fifteenth aspect, this application provides a readable storage medium storing a computer program or instructions that, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method described in any possible implementation of the first aspect, or the second aspect, or the fifth aspect, or the sixth aspect, or the ninth aspect, or the tenth aspect, or any of the aspects described above.

[0102] In a sixteenth aspect, this application provides a computer program product containing program instructions that, when run, causes the method described in any possible implementation of the first aspect, or the second aspect, or the fifth aspect, or the sixth aspect, or the ninth aspect, or the tenth aspect, or any of the aspects, to be executed.

[0103] In a seventeenth aspect, this application provides a communication system comprising at least a first communication device and a second communication device. The first communication device is used to perform the method described in any possible implementation of the first aspect, or the fifth aspect, or the ninth aspect, or any of these aspects; the second communication device is used to perform the method described in any possible implementation of the second aspect, or the sixth aspect, or the tenth aspect, or any of these aspects.

[0104] The technical effects achieved in the above aspects can be referred to each other or to the beneficial effects in the method embodiments shown below, which will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0105] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of the communication system 1000 provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0106] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a possible application framework in the communication system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0107] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of another possible application framework in the communication system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0108] Figure 4 is a framework diagram of the application of AI / ML in NR provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0109] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a time-domain prediction provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0110] Figure 6a is another schematic diagram of time-domain prediction provided by an embodiment of this application;

[0111] Figure 6b is another schematic diagram of time-domain prediction provided by an embodiment of this application;

[0112] Figure 7a is a schematic diagram of one method for sending a switching command according to an embodiment of this application;

[0113] Figure 7b is another schematic diagram of the switching command sending method 1 provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0114] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of one method 2 for sending switching commands provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0115] Figure 9 is a flowchart illustrating a communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0116] Figure 10 is another flowchart illustrating the communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0117] Figure 11 is a schematic flowchart of another communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0118] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a possible communication device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0119] Figure 13 is another structural schematic diagram of a possible communication device provided by an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0120] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The specific operation methods and functional descriptions in the method embodiments can also be applied to the device embodiments or system embodiments.

[0121] In the various embodiments of this application, unless otherwise specified or in case of logical conflict, the terminology and / or descriptions of different embodiments are consistent and can be referenced by each other. The technical features of different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments according to their inherent logical relationship.

[0122] In the description of this application, terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order. Furthermore, unless otherwise stated, " / " means "or," for example, A / B can mean A or B. "And / or" in this document is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, and B alone. Additionally, "at least one" refers to one or more, and "multiple" refers to two or more. "One or more of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or multiple items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can represent: a, b, c; a and b; a and c; b and c; or a and b and c. Where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0123] The terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the steps or units listed, but may optionally include steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to such process, method, product, or apparatus.

[0124] In this application, the words "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate that something is an example, illustration, or illustration. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary," "for example," or "for example" in this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Rather, the use of the words "exemplary," "for example," or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a specific manner.

[0125] In the description of this application, the terms "of," "corresponding," and "associate" are sometimes used interchangeably. It is understood that, without emphasizing their distinctions, they convey the same meaning. In this application, expressions such as "C corresponds to D," "C corresponds to / associates with D," etc., all indicate that there is a correspondence / mapping relationship between C and D, and that D can be determined based on C. Determining D based on C includes determining D solely based on C, as well as determining D based on C and other information. Furthermore, the use of information C to determine information D can also include indirect determination, such as when information D is determined based on information E, and information E is determined based on information C.

[0126] In this application, "instruction" can include direct instruction, indirect instruction, explicit instruction, and implicit instruction. When describing information to indicate A, it can be understood that the information carries A, directly indicates A, or indirectly indicates A.

[0127] In this application, "transmission" can also be described as "sending" and / or "receiving." "Sending" and "receiving" can indicate the direction of signal transmission. For example, "sending information to XX (device)" can be understood as the destination of the information being that device. This can include sending information directly or indirectly to that device. "Receiving information from XX (device), or receiving information from XX (device)" can be understood as the source of the information being that device. This can include receiving information directly or indirectly from that device. Information may undergo necessary processing between the source and destination, such as format changes, but the destination can understand the valid information from the source. Similar expressions in this application can be understood in a similar way, and will not be elaborated further here. Additionally, "sending" can also be understood as the "output" of the chip interface, and "receiving" can also be understood as the "input" of the chip interface. In other words, "sending" or "receiving" can occur between devices, such as network devices and terminal devices sending or receiving data via an air interface. "Sending" or "receiving" can also occur within a device, such as between components, modules, chips, software modules, or hardware modules within a device via a bus, wiring, or interface.

[0128] The system involved in this application is described below.

[0129] Referring to Figure 1, Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system 1000 provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 1, the communication system 1000 may include a radio access network (RAN) 100. The RAN 100 includes at least one RAN node (110a and 110b in Figure 1, collectively referred to as 110), and may also include at least one terminal (120a-120j in Figure 1, collectively referred to as 120). The RAN 100 may also include other RAN nodes, such as wireless relay devices and / or wireless backhaul devices (not shown in Figure 1). The terminal 120 is wirelessly connected to the RAN node 110. Terminals and RAN nodes can be interconnected via wired or wireless means. The communication system 1000 may also include a core network 200. The RAN node 110 is connected to the core network 200 via wireless or wired means. The core network equipment in core network 200 and the RAN node 110 in RAN 100 can be independent and different physical devices, or they can be the same physical device integrating the logical functions of the core network equipment and the logical functions of the RAN node. Communication system 1000 may also include Internet 300. It should be understood that the system architecture described in the embodiments of this application is for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and does not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application. Those skilled in the art will understand that as system architecture or application scenarios evolve, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0130] RAN 100 can be a cellular system related to the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), such as Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) systems, non-terrestrial network (NTN) systems, new radio (NR) systems, and future radio access systems. RAN 100 can also be an open RAN (O-RAN or ORAN) or a cloud radio access network (CRAN). RAN 100 can also be a radio access system that integrates two or more of the above systems.

[0131] RAN nodes, also known as access network equipment, RAN entities, or access nodes, are used to help terminals access communication systems wirelessly. Multiple RAN nodes 110 in communication system 1000 can be of the same type or different types. In one application scenario, an RAN node can be a base station, an evolved NodeB (eNodeB), a transmission reception point (TRP), a next-generation NodeB (gNB) in a 5G mobile communication system, a base station in a future mobile communication system, or an access node in a Wi-Fi system. RAN nodes can be macro base stations (as shown in Figure 1, 110a), micro base stations or indoor stations (as shown in Figure 1, 110b), relay nodes or donor nodes, or radio controllers in CRAN scenarios. RAN nodes can also be servers, wearable devices, vehicles, or in-vehicle equipment. For example, the access network equipment in vehicle-to-everything (V2X) technology can be a roadside unit (RSU).

[0132] In another application scenario, multiple RAN nodes can collaborate to help terminals achieve wireless access, with different RAN nodes implementing parts of the base station's functions. For example, RAN nodes can be central units (CUs), distributed units (DUs), or radio units (RUs). CUs and DUs can be set up separately or included in the same network element, such as the baseband unit (BBU). CUs and DUs can separate the gNB's protocol layers, with some protocol layer functions centrally controlled by the CU, and the remaining partial or complete protocol layer functions distributed in the DU, which is centrally controlled by the CU. As one implementation, the CU deploys the radio resource control (RRC) layer, packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer, and service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) layer from the protocol stack. The DU deploys the radio link control (RLC) layer, medium access control (MAC) layer, and physical layer (PHY) from the protocol stack. Therefore, the CU has the processing capabilities of RRC, PDCP, and SDAP. The DU has the processing capabilities of RLC, MAC, and PHY. For specific descriptions of the above protocol layers, please refer to the relevant 3GPP technical specifications. The CU and DU can be two independent RAN nodes or integrated into the same RAN node, such as within a baseband unit (BBU). The CU can be further divided into two types of RAN nodes: CU-control plane (CU-CP) and CU-user plane (CU-UP). The RU can be used to implement radio frequency signal transmission and reception functions. The RU can be included in radio frequency equipment or radio frequency units, such as in a remote radio unit (RRU), an active antenna unit (AAU), or a remote radio head (RRH).

[0133] In different systems, RAN nodes may have different names. For example, in an O-RAN system, a CU can be called an open CU (O-CU), a DU can be called an open DU (O-DU), and an RU can be called an open RU (O-RU). Exemplarily, an O-CU can be used to implement the functions of the RRC layer, PDCP layer, and SDAP layer in the 3GPP standard, as well as other control functions. An O-CU-CP, similar to the CU-CP in an NR system, can be used to implement the functions of the RRC layer and the control plane functions of the PDCP layer. An O-CU-UP, similar to the CU-UP in an NR system, can be used to implement the functions of the SDAP layer and the user plane functions of the PDCP layer. When O-DUs are partitioned based on lower-layer functions, they can be used to implement the higher-layer (closer to the MAC layer) functions of the RLC layer, MAC layer, and physical layer in the 3GPP standard. The higher-layer physical layer functions include one or more of the following: forward error correction (FEC) encoding / decoding, scrambling / descrambling, or modulation / demodulation. When O-RU is partitioned based on low-level functions, it can be used to implement low-level (near radio frequency) physical layer functions and radio frequency functions in the 3GPP standard. The low-level physical layer functions include one or more of the following: fast Fourier transform (FFT) / inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT), digital beamforming, or extraction and filtering of the physical random access channel (PRACH), etc.

[0134] The RAN node in the embodiments of this application can be implemented through software modules, hardware modules, or a combination of software and hardware modules. For example, the RAN node can be a server loaded with the corresponding software module. The embodiments of this application do not limit the specific technology or device form used in the RAN node. For ease of description, a base station is used as an example of a RAN node in the following description.

[0135] A terminal is a device with wireless transceiver capabilities, capable of sending signals to or receiving signals from a base station. Terminals can also be called terminal equipment, user equipment (UE), mobile station, mobile terminal, etc. Terminals can be widely used in various scenarios, such as device-to-device (D2D), vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, machine-type communication (MTC), Internet of Things (IoT), virtual reality, augmented reality, industrial control, autonomous driving, telemedicine, smart grids, smart furniture, smart offices, smart wearables, smart transportation, smart cities, etc. Terminals can be mobile phones, tablets, computers with wireless transceiver capabilities, wearable devices, vehicles, airplanes, ships, robots, robotic arms, smart home devices, etc. The embodiments of this application do not limit the specific technology or device form used in the terminal.

[0136] Base stations and terminals can be fixed or mobile. They can be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, handheld or vehicle-mounted; they can also be deployed on water; and they can be deployed on aircraft, balloons, and satellites. The embodiments of this application do not limit the application scenarios of the base stations and terminals.

[0137] The roles of base stations and terminals can be relative. For example, the helicopter or drone 120i in Figure 1 can be configured as a mobile base station. For terminals 120j that access the wireless access network 100 through 120i, terminal 120i is a base station; however, for base station 110a, 120i is a terminal, meaning that 110a and 120i communicate via a wireless air interface protocol. Of course, 110a and 120i can also communicate via a base station-to-base station interface protocol. In this case, relative to 110a, 120i is also a base station. Therefore, both base stations and terminals can be collectively referred to as communication devices. 110a and 110b in Figure 1 can be called communication devices with base station functions, and 120a-120j in Figure 1 can be called communication devices with terminal functions.

[0138] In the embodiments of this application, the functions of the base station can be executed by modules (such as chips) within the base station, or by a control subsystem that includes base station functions. This control subsystem, including base station functions, can be a control center in the aforementioned application scenarios such as smart grids, industrial control, intelligent transportation, and smart cities. Similarly, the functions of the terminal can be executed by modules (such as chips or modems) within the terminal, or by a device that includes terminal functions.

[0139] Core network equipment refers to the equipment in the core network (CN) that provides service support to terminals. Examples of core network equipment include: Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) entities, Session Management Function (SMF) entities, User Plane Function (UPF) entities, etc., which will not be listed here. The AMF entity is responsible for terminal access management and mobility management; the SMF entity is responsible for session management, such as user session establishment; and the UPF entity can be a user plane functional entity, primarily responsible for connecting to external networks. It should be noted that in this application, entities can also be referred to as network elements or functional entities. For example, an AMF entity can also be called an AMF network element or an AMF functional entity, and similarly, an SMF entity can also be called an SMF network element or an SMF functional entity.

[0140] In one possible implementation, to support machine learning functions in a wireless network, the communication system provided in this application can introduce AI network elements to implement some or all AI-related operations. AI network elements can also be called AI nodes, AI devices, AI entities, AI modules, AI models, or AI units, etc. The AI ​​network element can be built into a network element of the communication system or can be a separately configured network element. For example, the AI ​​network element can be an AI module built into: access network equipment, core network equipment, cloud server, or operation, administration and maintenance (OAM) management system, used to implement AI-related functions. Here, OAM can be the management system of the core network equipment and / or the management system of the access network equipment. In one possible implementation, the terminal or its built-in chip can also include an AI entity to implement AI-related functions. The embodiments of this application do not limit the specific implementation of the AI ​​network element.

[0141] In one possible implementation, the AI ​​network element is deployed in a server or cloud device within an over-the-top (OTT) system. For example, this cloud device may be located on one or more of the following: the terminal device side, the network device side, or the core network side.

[0142] It is understood that this application does not limit the number of AI nodes. For example, when there are multiple AI nodes, they can be divided based on function, such as different AI nodes being responsible for different functions.

[0143] It can also be understood that AI nodes can be independent devices, or they can be integrated into the same device to achieve different functions. Alternatively, they can be network elements in hardware devices, software functions running on dedicated hardware, or virtualization functions instantiated on a platform (e.g., a cloud platform). This application does not limit the specific form of the aforementioned AI nodes.

[0144] Referring to Figure 2, Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a possible application framework in a communication system provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 2, network elements in this communication system are connected through interfaces (e.g., NG interface, Xn interface, F1 interface, etc.) or air interfaces. These network element nodes, such as core network equipment, access network nodes (RAN nodes), terminals, or one or more devices in OAM, are equipped with one or more AI modules (only one is shown in Figure 2 for clarity). The access network node can be a single RAN node or can include multiple RAN nodes, for example, including CU and DU. The CU and / or DU can also be equipped with one or more AI modules. For example, the CU can also be split into CU-CP and CU-UP. One or more AI models are configured in CU-CP and / or CU-UP.

[0145] The aforementioned AI modules are used to implement corresponding AI functions. AI modules deployed in different network elements can be the same or different. Depending on the parameter configuration, the AI ​​module model can achieve different functions. The AI ​​module model can be configured based on one or more of the following parameters: structural parameters (e.g., at least one of the following: number of neural network layers, neural network width, inter-layer connections, neuron weights, neuron activation function, or bias values ​​in the activation function), input parameters (e.g., the type and / or dimension of the input parameters), or output parameters (e.g., the type and / or dimension of the output parameters).

[0146] An AI module can have one or more models. A model can infer an output, which includes one or more parameters. The learning, training, or inference processes of different models can be deployed on different nodes or devices, or they can be deployed on the same node or device.

[0147] Referring to Figure 3, which is a schematic diagram of another possible application framework in the communication system provided in this application embodiment, the communication system includes a RAN intelligent controller (RIC). For example, the RIC can be an AI module used to implement AI-related functions. The RIC can include a near-real-time RIC (near-RT RIC) and a non-real-time RIC (non-RT RIC). The non-real-time RIC mainly processes non-real-time information, such as data that is not sensitive to latency, with latency in the order of seconds. The real-time RIC mainly processes near-real-time information, such as data that is relatively sensitive to latency, with latency in the order of tens of milliseconds.

[0148] The near real-time RIC can be used for model training and inference. For example, it can be used to train an AI model and then use that model for inference. The near real-time RIC can obtain network-side and / or terminal-side information from RAN nodes (e.g., CU, CU-CP, CU-UP, DU, and / or RU) and / or terminals. This information can be used as training data or inference data. Optionally, the near real-time RIC can deliver the inference results to the RAN nodes and / or terminals. Optionally, CU and DU, and / or DU and RU, can exchange inference results. For example, the near real-time RIC delivers the inference result to the DU, and the DU sends it to the RU.

[0149] Non-real-time RICs can also be used for model training and inference. For example, they can be used to train AI models and then use those models for inference. Non-real-time RICs can obtain network-side and / or terminal-side information from RAN nodes (e.g., CUs, CU-CPs, CU-UPs, DUs, and / or RUs) and / or terminals. This information can be used as training data or inference data, and the inference results can be delivered to RAN nodes and / or terminals. Optionally, inference results can be exchanged between CUs and DUs, and / or between DUs and RUs; for example, a non-real-time RIC delivers inference results to a DU, which then forwards them to an RU.

[0150] Near real-time RICs and non-real-time RICs can also be configured as separate network elements. Optionally, near real-time RICs and / or non-real-time RICs can also be part of other devices. For example, near real-time RICs can be set in RAN nodes (e.g., CUs and / or DUs), while non-real-time RICs can be set in OAMs, cloud servers, core network devices, or other network devices.

[0151] The following is a brief introduction to some of the technical terms used in this application.

[0152] I. Artificial Intelligence / Machine Learning

[0153] AI that learns from data is called ML. An AI model is an algorithm or computer program that enables AI functionality; it represents the mapping relationship between the model's input and output. Types of AI models can include neural networks, linear regression models, decision tree models, support vector machines (SVMs), Bayesian networks, Q-learning models, or other ML models.

[0154] The design of AI models mainly includes data collection (e.g., collecting training and / or inference data), model training, and model inference. It can also further include the application of inference results. Applying AI / ML to NR, through intelligent data collection and analysis, can improve network performance and user experience, such as energy saving, load balancing, and mobility parameter optimization.

[0155] Referring to Figure 4, which is a framework diagram of the application of AI / ML in NR provided in this embodiment, the data collection entity can store data inputs from sources including gNB, gNB-CU, gNB-DU, UE, or other management entities, serving as a database for AI model training and data analysis inference. The model training entity can analyze the training data provided by the data collection to provide the optimal AI model. The model inference entity can use the AI ​​model, based on the inference data provided by the data collection, to provide reasonable AI-based predictions for network operation or guide network strategy adjustments. Related strategy adjustments are uniformly planned by the actor entity and sent to multiple network entities for execution. Simultaneously, the specific network performance after applying the relevant strategies can be re-entered into the database for storage. In other words, the actor entity can also provide feedback on the model's performance to the data source, facilitating subsequent model updates and training.

[0156] II. Measurement-based switching mechanism

[0157] After the base station sends measurement configuration information to the UE, the UE can detect changes in the signal status of neighboring cells based on the measurement objects and reporting configuration parameters indicated in the measurement configuration information. Measurement configuration information can be transmitted via RRC-specific signaling, such as RRC Reconfiguration messages. The UE can perform relevant measurements (same frequency, different frequency, different system) based on the content of the measurement configuration information. Furthermore, the UE can also send the measurement results to the base station via a measurement report.

[0158] In the traditional handover process of mobile communication systems, the mobility management of a UE in the connected state is controlled by the base station. The source base station instructs the UE to hand over to a target cell and how to perform the handover by sending an RRC reconfiguration message containing a handover command. Specifically, upon receiving the RRC reconfiguration message containing the handover command, the UE can immediately release the source cell, stop uplink / downlink data transmission with the source cell, and access the target cell according to the content of the handover command. Therefore, the successful transmission of the RRC reconfiguration message containing the handover command is a necessary condition for a successful handover under the traditional handover mechanism.

[0159] Conditional handover (CHO) mechanism can improve handover success rate. The source base station sends an RRC reconfiguration message containing CHO configuration information to the UE when the source link quality is good. CHO configuration information can include configuration information for one or more candidate cells, execution trigger conditions for the candidate cells, measurement configurations, etc. Upon receiving the CHO configuration information, the UE will not immediately initiate a handover to any candidate cell, but will continue to maintain the connection and data transmission with the source base station. After finding a candidate cell that meets the execution trigger conditions, the UE can autonomously decide to initiate a handover to the target cell.

[0160] III. Reporting of Measurement Results

[0161] The UE assesses that the measurement results meet the entry threshold of a certain measurement event, and after a certain period of time, it determines that the trigger condition is met. This trigger condition can be the reporting condition of the measurement report or the execution trigger condition of the candidate cell. The meanings of various types of measurement events are shown in Table 1 below. Among them, the trigger time (TTT) represents the duration for which the event entry condition is continuously met, i.e., time hysteresis.

[0162] Table 1

[0163] The meanings of the variables in Table 1 above are as follows: Ms and Mn represent the measurement results of the serving cell and neighboring cells, respectively. Hys represents the amplitude hysteresis of the measurement results. Thresh, Thresh1, and Thresh2 represent the threshold values. Ofs and Ofn represent the frequency offset of the serving cell and neighboring cells, respectively. Ocs and Ocn represent the cell offset of the serving cell and neighboring cells, respectively. Off represents the offset of the measurement results.

[0164] Measurement results can be used to characterize signal quality, and may include, but are not limited to, one or more of the following: reference signal received power (RSRP), received signal strength indicator (RSSI), reference signal received quality (RSRQ), or signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR). RSRP reflects the received strength of the reference signal. RSSI reflects the total signal strength of the current channel. RSRQ reflects the signal-to-noise ratio and interference level of the current channel quality, and is approximately equal to the ratio of RSRP to RSSI. SINR reflects the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio of the current channel and is an important indicator for measuring UE performance.

[0165] IV. AI Measurement

[0166] In the field of AI-aided mobility, measurement results can be obtained through prediction (e.g., AI-based prediction of measurement results). These measurement results can include cell-level or beam-level measurements. Furthermore, the prediction can be obtained based on AI models on the UE side or the network side. Prediction methods can include one or more of time-domain, spatial-domain, or frequency-domain prediction. The following section primarily focuses on time-domain prediction.

[0167] For time-domain predictions based on AI measurements, the following two cases are defined.

[0168] Case A: Refer to Figure 5, which is a schematic diagram of time-domain prediction provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 5, the measurement results covered by the prediction window (PW) are predicted based on the measurement results of the observation window (OW). The observation window and the prediction window slide with the measurement period (e.g., sliding for one measurement period at a time). The measurement period in this application can also be replaced by the sampling period.

[0169] Case B: Refer to Figures 6a and 6b, which are two other schematic diagrams of time-domain prediction provided in the embodiments of this application. As shown in Figures 6a and 6b, the measurement results covered by the prediction window (PW) are predicted based on the measurement results of the observation window (OW). The observation window and the prediction window can slide by one prediction window length (which includes one or more measurement cycles) each time. In Figure 6b, the unobserved points can be understood as time points that are not actually measured, but unobserved points can be predicted time points.

[0170] It is understandable that using AI-measured temporal prediction for cell handover can improve handover performance compared to traditional and conditional handover. Furthermore, the aforementioned AI-measured temporal prediction Case B can also reduce measurement overhead. For example, as shown in Figures 5 and 6a / 6b, AI-measured temporal prediction Case B saves 50% (fifty percent) of the measurement overhead compared to AI-measured temporal prediction Case A; in other words, the measurement overhead saving rate of AI-measured temporal prediction Case B is 50%.

[0171] Analysis shows that for the time-domain prediction Case A based on AI measurements, increasing the length of the Open Value (OW) improves prediction accuracy; however, once the OW exceeds a certain length, further increases in OW length do not bring significant gains. Conversely, a longer Probability of Loss (PW) decreases prediction accuracy. For the time-domain prediction Case B based on AI measurements, when the PW is very short, the performance difference between AI and non-AI (e.g., sample-and-hold) models is not significant; however, when the PW is long, AI performance significantly outperforms non-AI (e.g., sample-and-hold) models. In short, the length of the PW is related to the model's prediction accuracy.

[0172] V. Methods for Sending Handover Commands

[0173] For the time-domain prediction Case B of the above AI measurement, when the predicted measurement result satisfies a certain measurement event (e.g., event A3, event A4, or event A5), or when both the measured and predicted measurement results satisfy a certain measurement event (e.g., event A3, event A4, or event A5), the UE sends a measurement report (including the measured and / or predicted measurement results) to the base station. After receiving the measurement report, the base station performs handover preparation, and after completing the handover preparation, it can send a handover command.

[0174] For the time-domain prediction Case A of the above AI measurement, there are two possible ways to send the switching command.

[0175] Method 1: The base station sends the handover command only based on the actual measurement results (i.e., the current measurement results). Refer to Figures 7a and 7b, which are two schematic diagrams of two handover command sending methods 1 provided in this application embodiment. In Figures 7a and 7b, taking the measurement event as event A3 as an example, and disregarding the transmission delay between the base station and the UE. As shown in Figures 7a and 7b, the UE reports a measurement report at time t0, which includes, but is not limited to, the predicted measurement results; after receiving the measurement report, the base station can prepare for handover. This measurement report can be triggered by the predicted measurement results satisfying event A3. At time t2, the UE's actual measurement results satisfy event A3, and it sends a measurement report (including the actual measurement results) to the base station. After receiving the measurement report, the base station sends a handover command. The differences between Figures 7a and 7b include: in Figure 7a, the predicted time t1 of event A3 is after the actual time t2 of event A3, while in Figure 7b, the predicted time t1 of event A3 is before the actual time t2 of event A3.

[0176] Method 2: Handover preparation is initiated when the base station receives the predicted measurement results. The handover command is sent when the entry condition of event A3 is met, and the A3 event is predicted to continue to meet the TTT duration. See Figure 8, which is a schematic diagram of one method 2 for sending the handover command provided in this application embodiment. In Figure 8, the measurement event is taken as event A3, and the transmission delay between the base station and the UE is not considered. As shown in Figure 8, the UE reports a measurement report at time t0, which includes, but is not limited to, the predicted measurement results. After receiving the measurement report, the base station can perform handover preparation. This measurement report can be triggered by the predicted measurement results meeting the A3 event. The base station sends the handover command when the predicted measurement results meet the entry condition of event A3, and the A3 event is predicted to continue to meet the TTT duration, as shown in Figure 8.

[0177] In summary, the time it takes for the base station to send a handover command is also related to the length of the PW (this is because the PW will affect the time point corresponding to the predicted measurement event (such as the A3 event), thus further affecting the time of sending the handover command).

[0178] The technical solution provided in this application is described in detail below.

[0179] In summary, the length of the Predictive Wing (PW) is related to the model's prediction accuracy (e.g., the longer the PW, the lower the prediction accuracy), and may also be related to the time it takes for the base station to send the handover command. Analysis of the embodiments in this application shows that the PW is a capability of the model (e.g., an AI model), and this capability may change due to various factors (e.g., different carriers, different cells, etc.). Different measurement configurations may correspond to different carriers or cells, thus affecting the PW capability under that measurement configuration.

[0180] Therefore, embodiments of this application provide a communication method, apparatus, and readable storage medium. By having the UE report the PW capabilities supported by the model (such as the maximum length of the PW), the base station determines measurement configuration information based on the PW capabilities supported by the model. This achieves matching between the PW capabilities supported by the model and the measurement configuration information, improving the model's prediction accuracy and reducing measurement overhead or improving handover performance. Furthermore, embodiments of this application can also determine a suitable timing for sending handover commands.

[0181] To facilitate a clear description of the technical solutions of this application, multiple embodiments are used for illustration, as detailed in the following descriptions of the various embodiments. Unless otherwise specified, the same or similar parts between different embodiments or implementations can be referenced interchangeably. In the various embodiments and implementation methods / methods within those embodiments, unless otherwise specified or logically conflicting, the terminology and / or descriptions between different embodiments and between different implementation methods / methods within those embodiments are consistent and can be mutually referenced. The technical features in different embodiments and between different implementation methods / methods within those embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments, implementation methods, or methods of implementation based on their inherent logical relationships. The embodiments described below do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this application. It is understood that the order of the embodiments below does not represent their importance.

[0182] The "model" in the various embodiments of this application can be an AI model or an ML model, or it can be an algorithm, without limitation. The model in the various embodiments of this application can be deployed in the first communication device and / or the second communication device, or it can be deployed outside the first communication device and / or the second communication device, such as in core network equipment, servers, or cloud devices, without limitation in the embodiments of this application.

[0183] In some scenarios, the term "model" in the embodiments of this application can be used interchangeably with "function". For example, one model can be used to implement one function, and multiple models can implement the same function, or in other words, multiple models can implement the same function. In other words, one function can correspond to multiple models.

[0184] In the embodiments of this application, "prediction" can be replaced with "inference," and "actual measurement" can be replaced with "non-prediction / non-inference." "Actual measurement" can be understood as actual measurement, and "prediction" can be understood as model output without actual measurement.

[0185] Referring to Figure 9, which is a schematic flowchart of a communication method provided in an embodiment of this application, this method can be applied to access network devices such as base stations as described above, and of course, it can also be applied to terminals such as UEs as described above. The first communication device in this method can be a terminal, such as a UE or a chip in a UE; correspondingly, the second communication device can be an access network device, such as a base station, CU, DU, RU, O-CU, O-DU, or O-RU, etc.

[0186] As shown in Figure 9, this communication method includes, but is not limited to, the following steps:

[0187] S101, the first communication device sends a first message to the second communication device. The first message includes first information indicating the maximum length of prediction windows supported by one or more models respectively. The maximum length of the prediction window can be used to determine measurement configuration information.

[0188] Accordingly, the second communication device receives the first message. For example, the first communication device may be a UE, and the second communication device may be a base station. The first communication device may be in RRC connected state.

[0189] For example, the first message mentioned above could be a UE capability information message.

[0190] In one possible implementation, the first message may include first information indicating the maximum length of prediction windows (PWs) supported by one or more models (respectively). For example, this first information may also be referred to as PW capability information. For example, the first information may include the maximum length of PWs supported by each of the one or more models. Optionally, a model may have multiple PW capabilities (e.g., multiple PW lengths), for example, the PW capabilities may differ under different parameters.

[0191] In this embodiment of the application, the UE reports the PW capability supported by the model (i.e., the maximum length of the PW) so that the network (such as a base station) can configure appropriate measurement configuration information for the UE based on the PW capability, thereby improving the prediction accuracy of the model, reducing measurement overhead, or improving handover performance.

[0192] In one possible implementation, the first message may further include first parameter information, which may include one or more of the following: first carrier information, first cell information, or first location information. The first carrier information may be the carrier frequency and / or carrier number corresponding to the object predicted by the model (e.g., candidate cell, serving cell, etc.). The first cell information may be the cell identifier and / or cell parameters corresponding to the object predicted by the model (e.g., candidate cell, serving cell, etc.). The first location information may be the geographical location (e.g., latitude and longitude) corresponding to the object predicted by the model (e.g., candidate cell, serving cell, etc.). Alternatively, the first location information may also be the geographical location (e.g., latitude and longitude) of the first communication device. It is understood that the first carrier information may include information about one or more carriers, the first cell information may include information about one or more cells, and the first location information may include information about one or more locations.

[0193] When the first message includes first parameter information, the first information can be used to indicate the maximum length of the prediction window supported by one or more models (respectively) under the first parameter information. In other words, the first information is associated with the first parameter information.

[0194] For ease of description, the first parameter information is represented by an array. For example, the first parameter information includes (cell 1). Assuming there are models A and B, the above first information can be used to indicate the maximum length of the PW supported by models A and B respectively in the case of (cell 1). As another example, the first parameter information includes (carrier a, cell 1, position 1). Assuming there are models A and B, the above first information can be used to indicate the maximum length of the PW supported by models A and B respectively in the case of (carrier a, cell 1, position 1). As yet another example, the first parameter information includes (carrier a, position 1) and (carrier b, position 2). Assuming there are models A and B, the above first information can be used to indicate the following: the maximum length of the PW supported by model A in the case of (carrier a, position 1), the maximum length of the PW supported by model A in the case of (carrier b, position 2), the maximum length of the PW supported by model B in the case of (carrier a, position 1), and the maximum length of the PW supported by model B in the case of (carrier b, position 2). Alternatively, the first information can be used to indicate the following: the maximum length of the PW supported by model A in the case of (carrier a, position 1), and the maximum length of the PW supported by model B in the case of (carrier a, position 1).

[0195] In one possible implementation, the first message may further include one or more of the following: second information, or third information. The second information can be used to indicate the one or more models. For example, the second information may include one or more of the following: the model identifier of the one or more models, the function of the one or more models, the structural parameters of the one or more models (e.g., at least one of the following: number of neural network layers, neural network width, inter-layer connections, neuron weights, neuron activation functions, or bias values ​​in activation functions), the input parameters of the one or more models (e.g., the type and / or dimension of the input parameters), or the output parameters of the one or more models (e.g., the type and / or dimension of the output parameters), etc. The third information can be used to indicate the maximum length of the observation window (OW) supported by the one or more models (respectively). In some scenarios, the third information may also be associated with the first parameter information. In other words, the third information can be used to indicate the maximum length of the OW supported by the one or more models (respectively) under the first parameter information.

[0196] In one possible implementation, before step S101, the communication method further includes: a second communication device sending first indicator information to a first communication device, which can be used to indicate model performance (such as the model's prediction accuracy). Correspondingly, the first communication device receives the first indicator information. For example, the first indicator information may include indicators / information used to describe the model's prediction accuracy. These indicators / information can be predefined. The first indicator information may include one or more of the following: the difference between the predicted measurement result and the measured measurement result, the handover failure rate, the handover success rate, the number of handover attempts per second, the short-duration dwell ratio, or the measurement overhead saving rate. The "measurement result" in this embodiment may include: beam-level measurement results and / or cell-level measurement results. For example, the measurement result may be RSRP, RSSI, RSRQ, or SINR, etc. The difference may be the average difference, the absolute value of the average difference, or the root mean square error, etc. The short-duration dwell ratio can be understood as the number of short-duration dwells divided by the number of successful handovers. Short-term stay can be understood as the UE's stay time in a cell being less than the predetermined minimum time-of-stay parameter (MTS). Stay time can be understood as the duration between the moment the UE successfully sends a handover completion message (e.g., an RRC reconfiguration completion message) to cell A and the moment the UE successfully sends a handover completion message (e.g., an RRC reconfiguration completion message) to another cell B, for the purpose of cell A.

[0197] For example, all of the above-mentioned models satisfy the model performance indicated by the first indicator information. For instance, the difference between the measurement results (e.g., RSRP) predicted by the above-mentioned models and the actual measurement results (e.g., RSRP) is less than or equal to the difference (e.g., RSRP difference) included in the first indicator information. Another example is that the handover failure rate of the first communication device performing cell handover based on the predicted measurement results of the above-mentioned models is less than or equal to the handover failure rate included in the first indicator information. Yet another example is that the handover success rate of the first communication device performing cell handover based on the predicted measurement results of the above-mentioned models is greater than or equal to the handover success rate included in the first indicator information. Yet another example is that the measurement overhead saving rate of the above-mentioned models is greater than or equal to the measurement overhead saving rate included in the first indicator information (applicable to time-domain prediction Case B for AI measurements). These are not all listed here.

[0198] In one possible implementation, the first message may further include second indicator information. This second indicator information can be used to indicate the performance of the one or more models (e.g., the model's prediction accuracy). For example, the second indicator information may include indicators / information describing the model's prediction accuracy. This second indicator information may include one or more of the following: the difference between the predicted measurement result and the measured measurement result for each of the one or more models, the switching failure rate for each model, the switching success rate for each model, the number of switching attempts per second for each model, the short-term dwell ratio for each model, or the measurement cost saving rate for each model. For a detailed explanation of the second indicator information, please refer to the description of the first indicator information above; it will not be repeated here. It is understood that the second indicator information may also be associated with the first parameter information and / or the first information. In other words, the second indicator information may include the model performance of the one or more models under the first parameter information, and / or the model performance of the one or more models at the maximum length of their respective supported PWs. This application's embodiments are not limited.

[0199] S102, the second communication device determines the measurement configuration information based on the first information.

[0200] S103, the second communication device sends the measurement configuration information to the first communication device. Correspondingly, the first communication device receives the measurement configuration information.

[0201] In one possible implementation, after receiving the first message, the second communication device can determine measurement configuration information based on the first information in the first message. Then, the second communication device can send the measurement configuration information to the first communication device. The first information can be used to indicate the maximum length of prediction windows supported by one or more models respectively. The measurement configuration information can include one or more of the following: spectral information of a reference signal (e.g., a time division multiplexing (TDM) pattern), model information, or prediction window indication information. The model information can be used to identify a first model among the one or more models. In other words, the first model can be one of the one or more models. The first model can be associated with the measurement configuration information. In other words, the measurement configuration information is applicable to the first model, or it is specific / dedicated to the first model. For example, the model information can include the model identifier of the first model, and can also include the model parameters of the first model (such as structural parameters, input parameters, or output parameters). The prediction window indication information can be used to indicate the length of the prediction window used by the first model. The length of the prediction window used by the first model is less than or equal to the maximum length of the prediction window supported by the first model. The spectral information of the reference signal can be determined based on the maximum length of the prediction window supported by the first model. The spectral information of the reference signal can be used to indicate one or more of the following: the timing of the reference signal transmission, the timing of the UE measurement of the reference signal (e.g., timing occasion), or the timing of predicting the signal quality of the reference signal. For example, for the time-domain prediction Case B of AI measurement, the spectral information of the reference signal can be understood as the time corresponding to the measured value within the observation window (OW) shown in Figure 6a or Figure 6b. It can be understood that the reference signal is transmitted from the first communication device to the second communication device.

[0202] In one possible implementation, when the first message further includes first parameter information, the measurement configuration information may also include second parameter information. This second parameter information may include one or more of the following: second carrier information, second cell information, or second location information. Specifically, the second carrier information includes all or part of the first carrier information; the second cell information includes all or part of the first cell information; and the second location information includes all or part of the first location information.

[0203] For ease of description, both the first and second parameter information are represented using arrays. For example, assuming the first parameter information includes (carrier a) and (carrier b), then the first carrier information includes carrier a and carrier b. The second parameter information can include (carrier b), then the second carrier information is carrier b. As another example, assuming the first parameter information includes (cell 1, location 1) and (cell 2, location 2), then the first cell information includes cell 1 and cell 2, and the first location information includes location 1 and location 2. The second parameter information can include (cell 1, location 1), then the second cell information is cell 1, and the second location information includes location 1.

[0204] In one possible implementation, the aforementioned measurement configuration information may include CHO configuration information. This measurement configuration information may also include the aforementioned first indicator information, which can be used to indicate model performance (e.g., the model's prediction accuracy). A detailed explanation of the first indicator information can be found in the preceding description and will not be repeated here. It is understood that, in this case, the aforementioned first message does not include the second indicator information, and the second communication device does not need to send the first indicator information separately to the first communication device.

[0205] In one possible implementation, the communication method shown in Figure 9 above may further include one or more of the following steps:

[0206] S104, the second communication device sends a second message to the first communication device, the second message indicating the time of transmission of the switching command. The time interval between the transmission time of the switching command and the reporting time of the measurement report is less than or equal to the maximum length of the prediction window supported by the first model.

[0207] Accordingly, the first communication device receives the second message.

[0208] In one possible implementation, the second message may include one or more of the following: the method of sending the switching command, the time of sending the switching command, or the time interval between the time of sending the switching command and the time of reporting the measurement report. The method of sending the switching command includes method 1 shown in Figure 7a or Figure 7b, and method 2 shown in Figure 8. Of course, the method of sending the switching command can also be other methods, and this application embodiment is not limited. It can be understood that, as shown in Figures 7a / 7b and Figure 8, the method of sending the switching command is determined, that is, the approximate time of sending the switching command is determined. The time interval between the time of sending the switching command and the time of reporting the measurement report is less than or equal to the maximum length of the prediction window supported by the first model.

[0209] In one possible implementation, after receiving the second message, the first communication device can determine the prediction window length used by the first model based on the sending time of the switching command indicated by the second message. In this case, the prediction window indication information may not be included in the measurement configuration information. The prediction window length used by the first model is greater than or equal to the time interval between the sending time of the switching command and the reporting time of the measurement report.

[0210] In this embodiment, the UE reports the PW capability of the model (such as the maximum length of the PW). The network determines the transmission time of the handover command based on the PW capability and informs the UE. On the one hand, this can align the transmission time of the handover command between the UE and the network, reducing UE power consumption. On the other hand, it can obtain a suitable timing for transmitting the handover command, preventing the transmission time of the handover command from exceeding the maximum length of the PW.

[0211] In one possible implementation, step S104 can be executed before or simultaneously with step S103. This application embodiment does not limit the execution order of steps S103 and S104. In some scenarios, the aforementioned measurement configuration information and the second message can be carried in a single signaling message. Of course, the measurement configuration information and the second message can also be carried in different signaling messages. This application embodiment is not limited in this respect.

[0212] S105, the first communication device sends a measurement report to the second communication device. This measurement report is determined based on the aforementioned measurement configuration information. The measurement report includes the measured measurement results and / or the predicted measurement results.

[0213] In one possible implementation, after receiving the aforementioned measurement configuration information, the first communication device can perform relevant measurements based on the content of the measurement configuration information, and determine the first model and the prediction window length used by the first model based on the measurement configuration information and / or the aforementioned second message. The first communication device can then input the actual measurement results into the first model for processing to obtain the predicted measurement results. When the measured measurement results and / or the predicted measurement results meet the reporting conditions for a measurement report, the first communication device can send a measurement report to the second communication device. The measurement report may include the measured measurement results and / or the predicted measurement results.

[0214] In this embodiment, the UE sends the PW capabilities (such as the maximum length of the PW) supported by the model to the network (such as a base station). The model can optionally send the PW capabilities supported by the model under different parameter information (such as carrier information, cell information, or location information). This allows the network (such as a base station) to configure measurement configuration information that matches the PW capability, thereby enabling effective handover, improving the prediction accuracy of the model, reducing measurement overhead, or improving handover performance.

[0215] It is understood that the method shown in Figure 9 can also be applied to sidelink communication. In other words, in some scenarios, both the first and second communication devices can be terminals. The measurement configuration information described above can be configured by one terminal for another. The measurement results described above can be the measurement results of the link between the terminals.

[0216] It is understandable that if the second communication device is an O-CU, then messages / information transmitted between the second communication device and the first communication device can be forwarded through the O-DU and O-RU (this forwarding can be transparent or it can be forwarded after necessary processing). For example, when the first communication device sends a first message to the second communication device (O-CU), the first message is first forwarded to the O-DU through the O-RU, and then forwarded to the O-CU by the O-DU. As another example, when the second communication device (O-CU) sends measurement configuration information to the first communication device, the measurement configuration information is first forwarded to the O-RU through the O-DU, and then forwarded to the first communication device by the O-RU.

[0217] In existing technologies, when a UE is in RRC idle / RRC inactive state, it can perform cell selection or cell reselection based on its actual measured neighboring cell signal quality. With the introduction of AI, when the UE is in RRC idle / RRC inactive state, it can select a model based on its own strategy, make predictions based on the selected model, and then perform cell selection or cell reselection based on the predicted measurement results. However, when the UE performs cell selection or cell reselection based on the model, the accuracy of the obtained predicted measurement results may be low, failing to guarantee effective cell selection or cell reselection.

[0218] Therefore, embodiments of this application provide another communication method, apparatus, and readable storage medium, which can improve the reliability of cell selection or cell reselection and enhance the continuity experience of the UE.

[0219] In one possible implementation, the embodiment shown in Figure 9 above mainly introduces the communication method when the first communication device is in the RRC connected state. For the communication method when the first communication device is in the RRC idle state / RRC inactive state, please refer to Figure 10 below. It is understood that the embodiment shown in Figure 10 below can be implemented alone or in combination with the embodiment shown in Figure 9 above; the embodiments in this application are not limited.

[0220] Referring to Figure 10, which is another schematic flowchart of the communication method provided in this application embodiment, this method can be applied to the access network equipment such as a base station shown above, and of course, it can also be applied to the terminal such as a UE shown above. The first communication device in this method can be a terminal, such as a UE or a chip in a UE; correspondingly, the second communication device can be an access network equipment, such as a base station, CU, DU, RU, O-CU, O-DU, or O-RU, etc.

[0221] As shown in Figure 10, the communication method includes, but is not limited to, the following steps:

[0222] S201, the second communication device sends an SIB message, which includes first information used to indicate model performance.

[0223] Accordingly, the first communication device receives the SIB message.

[0224] In one possible implementation, the second communication device may periodically broadcast system information block (SIB) messages. The SIB message may include first information, which can be used to indicate model performance (e.g., the model's prediction accuracy). For example, the first information may include metrics / information describing the model's prediction accuracy. These metrics / information may be predefined. The first information may include one or more of the following: the difference between predicted and measured measurement results, handover failure rate, handover success rate, number of handover attempts per second, short-duration dwell ratio, or measurement overhead savings rate. The "measurement results" in this embodiment may include: beam-level measurement results and / or cell-level measurement results. For example, the measurement results may be RSRP, RSSI, RSRQ, or SINR, etc. The difference may be the average difference, the absolute value of the average difference, or the root mean square error, etc. The meanings of other parameters can be found in the relevant description of the embodiment shown in Figure 9, and will not be repeated here.

[0225] S202, the first communication device determines a first model based on the first information, and the first model satisfies the model performance indicated by the first information.

[0226] In one possible implementation, after receiving the aforementioned SIB message, the first communication device can determine a first model based on the first information in the SIB message. The first model can satisfy the model performance indicated by the first information. For example, the first model can be used by the first communication device to obtain predicted measurement results in RRC idle state / RRC inactive state. For example, the first model can be used by the first communication device to obtain predicted measurement results during cell selection or cell reselection processes.

[0227] For example, if the first information includes the difference between the predicted RSRP and the measured RSRP, then the difference between the RSRP predicted by the first model and the measured RSRP is less than or equal to the difference included in the first information. As another example, if the first information includes the handover failure rate, then the handover failure rate of the first communication device performing cell handover based on the predicted measurement results of the first model is less than or equal to the handover failure rate included in the first information. Alternatively, if the first information includes the handover success rate, then the handover success rate of the first communication device performing cell handover based on the predicted measurement results of the first model is greater than or equal to the handover success rate included in the first information. As yet another example, if the first information includes the measurement overhead saving rate, then the measurement overhead saving rate of the first model is greater than or equal to the measurement overhead saving rate included in the first information (applicable to time-domain prediction in AI measurements, Case B). These are not all examples listed here.

[0228] In one possible implementation, a model can have multiple prediction window (PW) lengths. For example, the PW length may differ under different parameters. The first model described above can correspond to one or more PW lengths. A PW length can be associated with one or more parameter information, one of which may include one or more of the following: carrier information, cell information, or location information. The carrier information may be the carrier frequency and / or carrier number corresponding to the object predicted by the first model (e.g., the stationed cell, neighboring cells, etc.). The cell information may be the cell identifier and / or cell parameters corresponding to the object predicted by the first model (e.g., the stationed cell, neighboring cells, etc.). The location information may be the geographical location (e.g., latitude and longitude) corresponding to the object predicted by the first model (e.g., the stationed cell, neighboring cells, etc.). Alternatively, the first location information may also be the geographical location (e.g., latitude and longitude) of the first communication device.

[0229] The aforementioned first model satisfying the model performance indicated by the first information can also be understood as: the performance of the first model at the target PW length satisfies the model performance indicated by the first information. The target PW length is one of one or more PW lengths that the first model can correspond to. For example, if the first information includes the difference between the predicted RSRP and the measured RSRP, then when the first model uses the target PW length, the difference between the predicted RSRP and the measured RSRP is less than or equal to the difference included in the first information.

[0230] S203, the first communication device obtains predicted measurement results based on the first model, the measurement results including beam measurement results and / or cell measurement results.

[0231] In one possible implementation, after determining a first model, the first communication device can use the first model to predict the measured measurement results (such as signal quality) to obtain the predicted measurement results (such as signal quality). These measurement results may include beam-level measurement results and / or cell-level measurement results. For example, the measurement results may be RSRP, RSSI, RSRQ, or SINR, etc.

[0232] In this application embodiment, the network (such as a base station) carries first information in the SIB message to indicate model performance. The UE determines the model based on the model performance indicated in the SIB message, and then uses the determined model (such as the first model) to make predictions. This can improve the reliability of cell selection or cell reselection and enhance the UE's continuity experience.

[0233] It is understood that when the embodiment shown in FIG10 is implemented in combination with the embodiment shown in FIG9, if the first communication device is in the RRC idle state / RRC inactive state, the method of the embodiment shown in FIG10 can be used; if the first communication device is in the RRC connected state, the method of the embodiment shown in FIG9 can be used.

[0234] It is understood that the method shown in Figure 10 can also be applied to sidelink communication. In other words, in some scenarios, both the first and second communication devices can be terminals. When the method shown in Figure 10 is applied to sidelink communication, the measurement results can be the measurement results of the link between the terminals.

[0235] It is understandable that if the second communication device is an O-CU, then the messages / information transmitted between the second communication device and the first communication device can be forwarded through the O-DU and O-RU (this forwarding can be transparent or it can be forwarded after necessary processing). For example, the second communication device (O-CU) sends an SIB message to the first communication device. This SIB message is first forwarded to the O-RU through the O-DU, and then forwarded to the first communication device by the O-RU.

[0236] It is understandable that the length of the PW (Position Wire) affects the prediction accuracy of the model, thus impacting the reliability of cell handover. However, current technologies do not consider the impact of PW length on AI-based measurement-based cell handover, resulting in lower reliability and poorer handover performance.

[0237] This application provides another communication method, apparatus, and readable storage medium, which can improve the reliability and performance of cell handover.

[0238] Referring to Figure 11, which is a schematic flowchart of another communication method provided in an embodiment of this application, this method can be applied to access network devices such as base stations as described above, and of course, it can also be applied to terminals such as UEs as described above. The first communication device and the second communication device in this method can both be access network devices, such as 110a and 110b in Figure 1; or both can be terminals, such as 120a and 120b in Figure 1. This application does not limit the specific implementation of the first communication device and the second communication device. Figure 11 illustrates an example where both the first and second communication devices are access network devices.

[0239] In one possible implementation, the embodiment shown in FIG11 can be implemented alone or in combination with the embodiment shown in FIG9 above. The embodiments of this application are not limited.

[0240] As shown in Figure 11, the communication method includes, but is not limited to, the following steps:

[0241] S301, the second communication device sends a first message to the first communication device, the first message including first information, the first information being used to indicate the maximum length of prediction windows supported by one or more models respectively.

[0242] Accordingly, the first communication device receives the first message. For example, the second communication device is the source base station, and the first communication device is the candidate / target base station.

[0243] In one possible implementation, the first message may include first information indicating the maximum length of prediction windows (PWs) supported by one or more models (respectively). For example, the first information may include the maximum length of PWs supported by each of the one or more models. Optionally, a model may have multiple PW capabilities (e.g., multiple PW lengths), for example, the PW capabilities may differ under different parameters.

[0244] For example, the one or more models described above can be deployed in the first communication device, or they can be deployed in the terminal. When the one or more models are deployed in the terminal, before step S301, the communication method may further include: the terminal sending first information to the second communication device. Accordingly, the second communication device receives the first information.

[0245] In one possible implementation, the first message may further include first parameter information, which may include one or more of the following: first carrier information, first cell information, or first location information. For a description of the first parameter information, please refer to the relevant description in the embodiment shown in Figure 9 above, which will not be repeated here. When the first message includes first parameter information, the first information can be used to indicate the maximum length of the prediction window supported by one or more models (respectively) under the first parameter information. In other words, the first information is associated with the first parameter information.

[0246] In one possible implementation, the first message may further include one or more of the following: second information, or third information. The second information can be used to indicate the one or more models. For example, the second information may include one or more of the following: model identifiers of the one or more models, the functionality of the one or more models, the structural parameters of the one or more models, the input parameters of the one or more models, or the output parameters of the one or more models, etc. The third information can be used to indicate the maximum length of the observation window (OW) supported by the one or more models (respectively). In some scenarios, the third information may also be associated with the first parameter information. In other words, the third information can be used to indicate the maximum length of the OW supported by the one or more models (respectively) under the first parameter information.

[0247] In one possible implementation, before step S301, the communication method further includes: a first communication device sending first indicator information to a second communication device, the first indicator information being used to indicate model performance (such as the model's prediction accuracy). Correspondingly, the second communication device receives the first indicator information. One or more of the aforementioned models satisfy the model performance indicated by the first indicator information. For a description of the first indicator information, please refer to the relevant description in the embodiment shown in Figure 9 above, which will not be repeated here.

[0248] In one possible implementation, the first message may further include second indicator information. This second indicator information can be used to indicate the performance of one or more models (such as the model's prediction accuracy). For a description of the second indicator information, please refer to the relevant description in the embodiment shown in Figure 9 above, which will not be repeated here.

[0249] S302, the first communication device determines whether to send a handover request confirmation message based on the first information.

[0250] In one possible implementation, after receiving the first message, the first communication device can determine whether to send a handover request acknowledgement message (to the second communication device) based on the first information in the first message. For example, if the maximum length of the PW supported by all models indicated by the first information does not match the spectral information of the reference signal of the second communication device, then it is determined not to send a handover request acknowledgement message. Conversely, if the maximum length of the PW supported by some / a certain model indicated by the first information matches the spectral information of the reference signal of the second communication device, then it is determined to send a handover request acknowledgement message to the second communication device. The description of the spectral information of the reference signal can be found in the relevant description in the embodiment shown in Figure 9 above, and will not be repeated here.

[0251] In one possible implementation, after step S301, the communication method may further include: the first communication device may determine measurement configuration information based on the first information, and may send the measurement configuration information to the second communication device. For example, if the first communication device determines to send a handover request confirmation message to the second communication device, the first communication device may then send the measurement configuration information to the second communication device. Of course, if the first communication device determines not to send a handover request confirmation message, the first communication device may also send the measurement configuration information to the second communication device. This application's embodiments are not limited. The method for determining the measurement configuration information based on the first information can be found in the relevant description in the embodiment shown in Figure 9 above, and will not be repeated here. The explanation of the measurement configuration information can be found in the relevant description in the embodiment shown in Figure 9 above, and will not be repeated here.

[0252] S303, the second communication device sends measurement configuration information to the terminal. This measurement configuration information is determined based on the maximum length of the prediction window. Accordingly, the terminal receives the measurement configuration information. For example, after receiving the measurement configuration information, the terminal can perform relevant measurements based on its content.

[0253] In one possible implementation, the second communication device can send measurement configuration information to the terminal. This measurement configuration information can be determined by the second communication device or sent to the second communication device by the first communication device; this application embodiment is not limited to this. For example, the second communication device can determine the measurement configuration information based on the maximum length of the PW supported by one or more of the aforementioned models (respectively). The specific determination method can be referred to the relevant description of the embodiment shown in Figure 9 above, which will not be repeated here. It is understood that if the first communication device does not send measurement configuration information to the second communication device, the first communication device can determine the measurement configuration information based on the maximum length of the PW supported by these one or more models (respectively). This measurement configuration information is associated with the first model among the one or more aforementioned models. In other words, the measurement configuration information is applicable to the first model, or in other words, the measurement configuration information is specific / dedicated to the first model. For a detailed explanation of the measurement configuration information, please refer to the relevant description in the embodiment shown in Figure 9 above, which will not be repeated here.

[0254] In this embodiment, the source base station (such as a second communication device) sends a first message to a candidate / target base station (such as a first communication device), indicating the PW capabilities supported by the model (such as the maximum length of the PW), so that the candidate / target base station can determine whether to send a handover request confirmation message based on the PW capabilities. This can improve the reliability and performance of cell handover.

[0255] It is understood that, in order to achieve the functions in the above embodiments, the first communication device and the second communication device include hardware structures and / or software modules corresponding to the execution of each function. Those skilled in the art should readily recognize that, based on the units and method steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed in this application, this application can be implemented in hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a function is executed in hardware or by computer software driving hardware depends on the specific application scenario and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0256] Figures 12 and 13 are schematic diagrams of possible communication devices provided in embodiments of this application. These communication devices can be used to implement the functions of the first or second communication device in the above method embodiments, and thus can also achieve the beneficial effects of the above method embodiments. In the embodiments of this application, the communication device can be the terminal 120 shown in Figure 1, the base station 110 shown in Figure 1, or a module (such as a chip) applied to the terminal or base station.

[0257] As shown in Figure 12, the communication device 1200 includes a processing module 1210 and a transceiver module 1220. The communication device 1200 is used to implement the functions of the first or second communication device in the method embodiments shown in Figure 9, Figure 10, or Figure 11.

[0258] When the communication device 1200 is used to implement the function of the first communication device in the method embodiment shown in FIG9: the processing module 1210 is used to generate a first message; the transceiver module 1220 is used to send the first message; the transceiver module 1220 is also used to receive measurement configuration information. The first message includes first information, which is used to indicate the maximum length of prediction windows supported by one or more models respectively. The maximum length of the prediction window is used to determine the measurement configuration information.

[0259] For example, the first message further includes first parameter information, which includes one or more of the following: first carrier information, first cell information, or first location information. This first information is used to indicate the maximum length of the prediction window supported by the one or more models under this first parameter information.

[0260] For example, the measurement configuration information described above includes one or more of the following: prediction window indication information, spectral information of the reference signal, or model information. The prediction window indication information indicates the length of the prediction window used by the first model, which is one of the one or more models associated with the measurement configuration information, and the prediction window length is less than or equal to the maximum length of the prediction window supported by the first model. The spectral information of the reference signal is determined based on the maximum length of the prediction window supported by the first model. The model information identifies the first model.

[0261] For example, the measurement configuration information mentioned above includes second parameter information, which includes one or more of the following: second carrier information, second cell information, or second location information. Specifically, the second carrier information includes all or part of the first carrier information, the second cell information includes all or part of the first cell information, and the second location information includes all or part of the first location information.

[0262] For example, the first message above may also include one or more of the following: second information, or third information. The second information is used to indicate the one or more models, and the third information is used to indicate the maximum length of the observation window supported by the one or more models respectively.

[0263] For example, the transceiver module 1220 is further configured to receive first indicator information, which is used to indicate model performance. All of the above-mentioned models satisfy the model performance indicated by the first indicator information.

[0264] For example, the first indicator information mentioned above includes one or more of the following: the difference between the predicted measurement result and the actual measurement result, the handover failure rate, the handover success rate, the number of handover attempts per second, the proportion of short-duration stays, or the measurement cost saving rate.

[0265] For example, the first message above also includes second indicator information, which is used to indicate the performance of the one or more models.

[0266] For example, the transceiver module 1220 is further configured to receive a second message indicating the time of sending a switching command, wherein the time interval between the time of sending the switching command and the time of reporting the measurement report is less than or equal to the maximum length of the prediction window supported by the first model, wherein the first model is one of the one or more models; the transceiver module 1220 is further configured to send the measurement report, which is determined based on the measurement configuration information.

[0267] For example, the second message mentioned above includes one or more of the following: the method of sending the switching command, the time of sending the switching command, or the time interval between the time of sending the switching command and the time of reporting the measurement report.

[0268] When the communication device 1200 is used to implement the function of the second communication device in the method embodiment shown in FIG9: the transceiver module 1220 is used to receive a first message, the first message including first information, the first information being used to indicate the maximum length of the prediction window supported by one or more models respectively; the processing module 1210 is used to determine measurement configuration information based on the first information; the transceiver module 1220 is also used to send the measurement configuration information.

[0269] For example, the first message further includes first parameter information, which includes one or more of the following: first carrier information, first cell information, or first location information. This first information is used to indicate the maximum length of the prediction window supported by the one or more models under this first parameter information.

[0270] For example, the measurement configuration information described above includes one or more of the following: prediction window indication information, spectral information of the reference signal, or model information. The prediction window indication information indicates the length of the prediction window used by the first model, which is one of the one or more models associated with the measurement configuration information, and the prediction window length is less than or equal to the maximum length of the prediction window supported by the first model. The spectral information of the reference signal is determined based on the maximum length of the prediction window supported by the first model. The model information identifies the first model.

[0271] For example, the measurement configuration information mentioned above includes second parameter information, which includes one or more of the following: second carrier information, second cell information, or second location information. Specifically, the second carrier information includes all or part of the first carrier information, the second cell information includes all or part of the first cell information, and the second location information includes all or part of the first location information.

[0272] For example, the first message above may also include one or more of the following: second information, or third information. The second information is used to indicate the one or more models, and the third information is used to indicate the maximum length of the observation window supported by the one or more models respectively.

[0273] For example, the transceiver module 1220 is further configured to send first indicator information, which is used to indicate model performance. The one or more models all meet the model performance indicated by the first indicator information.

[0274] For example, the first indicator information mentioned above includes one or more of the following: the difference between the predicted measurement result and the actual measurement result, the handover failure rate, the handover success rate, the number of handover attempts per second, the proportion of short-duration stays, or the measurement cost saving rate.

[0275] For example, the first message above also includes second indicator information, which is used to indicate the performance of the one or more models.

[0276] For example, the transceiver module 1220 is further configured to send a second message indicating the time of sending a switching command, wherein the time interval between the time of sending the switching command and the time of reporting the measurement report is less than or equal to the maximum length of the prediction window supported by the first model, wherein the first model is one of the one or more models; the transceiver module 1220 is further configured to receive the measurement report, which is determined based on the measurement configuration information.

[0277] For example, the second message mentioned above includes one or more of the following: the method of sending the switching command, the time of sending the switching command, or the time interval between the time of sending the switching command and the time of reporting the measurement report.

[0278] For a more detailed description of the above-mentioned processing module 1210 and transceiver module 1220, please refer to the relevant description in the method embodiment shown in Figure 9.

[0279] When the communication device 1200 is used to implement the function of the first communication device in the method embodiment shown in FIG10: the transceiver module 1220 is used to receive an SIB message, the SIB message including first information, the first information being used to indicate model performance; the processing module 1210 is used to determine a first model based on the first information, the first model satisfying the model performance indicated by the first information; the processing module 1210 is also used to obtain predicted measurement results based on the first model, the measurement results including beam measurement results and / or cell measurement results.

[0280] For example, the first information mentioned above includes one or more of the following: the difference between the predicted measurement result and the actual measurement result, the handover failure rate, the handover success rate, the number of handover attempts per second, the proportion of short-duration stays, or the measurement cost savings rate.

[0281] For example, the first model described above corresponds to one or more prediction window lengths. The first model satisfying the model performance indicated by the first information includes: the performance of the first model at a target prediction window length satisfying the model performance indicated by the first information, where the target prediction window length is one of the one or more prediction window lengths.

[0282] For example, a prediction window length is associated with one or more parameter information, which includes one or more of the following: carrier information, cell information, or location information.

[0283] When the communication device 1200 is used to implement the function of the second communication device in the method embodiment shown in FIG10: the processing module 1210 is used to generate SIB messages; the transceiver module 1220 is used to send SIB messages, the SIB messages including first information, the first information being used to indicate model performance, the first information being used to determine a first model, the first model satisfying the model performance indicated by the first information, the first model being used to predict beam measurement results and / or cell measurement results.

[0284] For example, the first information mentioned above includes one or more of the following: the difference between the predicted measurement result and the actual measurement result, the handover failure rate, the handover success rate, the number of handover attempts per second, the proportion of short-duration stays, or the measurement cost savings rate.

[0285] For example, the first model described above corresponds to one or more prediction window lengths. The first model satisfying the model performance indicated by the first information includes: the performance of the first model at a target prediction window length satisfying the model performance indicated by the first information, where the target prediction window length is one of the one or more prediction window lengths.

[0286] For example, a prediction window length is associated with one or more parameter information, which includes one or more of the following: carrier information, cell information, or location information.

[0287] For a more detailed description of the above-mentioned processing module 1210 and transceiver module 1220, please refer to the relevant description in the method embodiment shown in Figure 10.

[0288] When the communication device 1200 is used to implement the function of the first communication device in the method embodiment shown in FIG11: the transceiver module 1220 is used to receive a first message from the second communication device, the first message including first information, the first information being used to indicate the maximum length of the prediction window supported by one or more models respectively; the processing module 1210 is used to determine whether to send a switching request confirmation message based on the first information.

[0289] For example, the processing module 1210 is further configured to determine measurement configuration information based on the first information; the transceiver module 1220 is further configured to send the measurement configuration information to the second communication device.

[0290] For example, the transceiver module 1220 is further configured to send first indicator information to the second communication device, the first indicator information being used to indicate model performance; the one or more models satisfy the model performance indicated by the first indicator information.

[0291] For example, the first indicator information mentioned above includes one or more of the following: the difference between the predicted measurement result and the actual measurement result, the handover failure rate, the handover success rate, the number of handover attempts per second, the proportion of short-duration stays, or the measurement cost saving rate.

[0292] For example, the measurement configuration information described above includes one or more of the following: prediction window indication information, spectral information of the reference signal, or model information. The prediction window indication information indicates the length of the prediction window used by the first model, which is one of the one or more models associated with the measurement configuration information, and the prediction window length is less than or equal to the maximum length of the prediction window supported by the first model. The spectral information of the reference signal is determined based on the maximum length of the prediction window supported by the first model. The model information identifies the first model.

[0293] For example, the first message further includes first parameter information, which includes one or more of the following: first carrier information, first cell information, or first location information. This first information is used to indicate the maximum length of the prediction window supported by the one or more models under this first parameter information.

[0294] For example, the above measurement configuration information further includes second parameter information, which includes one or more of the following: second carrier information, second cell information, or second location information. The second carrier information includes all or part of the first carrier information, the second cell information includes all or part of the first cell information, and the second location information includes all or part of the first location information.

[0295] For example, the first message above may also include one or more of the following: second information, or third information. The second information is used to indicate the one or more models, and the third information is used to indicate the maximum length of the observation window supported by the one or more models respectively.

[0296] For example, the first message above also includes second indicator information, which is used to indicate the performance of the one or more models.

[0297] When the communication device 1200 is used to implement the function of the second communication device in the method embodiment shown in FIG11: the processing module 1210 is used to generate a first message; the transceiver module 1220 is used to send the first message to the first communication device, the first message including first information, the first information being used to indicate the maximum length of the prediction window supported by one or more models respectively; the transceiver module 1220 is also used to send measurement configuration information to the terminal, the measurement configuration information being determined based on the maximum length of the prediction window.

[0298] For example, the transceiver module 1220 is also configured to receive the measurement configuration information from the first communication device.

[0299] For example, the transceiver module 1220 is also configured to receive first information from the terminal.

[0300] For example, the transceiver module 1220 is further configured to receive first indicator information from the first communication device, the first indicator information being used to indicate model performance. The one or more models meet the model performance indicated by the first indicator information.

[0301] For example, the first indicator information mentioned above includes one or more of the following: the difference between the predicted measurement result and the actual measurement result, the handover failure rate, the handover success rate, the number of handover attempts per second, the proportion of short-duration stays, or the measurement cost saving rate.

[0302] For example, the measurement configuration information described above includes one or more of the following: prediction window indication information, spectral information of the reference signal, or model information. The prediction window indication information indicates the length of the prediction window used by the first model, which is one of the one or more models associated with the measurement configuration information, and the prediction window length is less than or equal to the maximum length of the prediction window supported by the first model. The spectral information of the reference signal is determined based on the maximum length of the prediction window supported by the first model. The model information identifies the first model.

[0303] For example, the first message further includes first parameter information, which includes one or more of the following: first carrier information, first cell information, or first location information. This first information is used to indicate the maximum length of the prediction window supported by the one or more models under this first parameter information.

[0304] For example, the above measurement configuration information further includes second parameter information, which includes one or more of the following: second carrier information, second cell information, or second location information. The second carrier information includes all or part of the first carrier information, the second cell information includes all or part of the first cell information, and the second location information includes all or part of the first location information.

[0305] For example, the first message above may also include one or more of the following: second information, or third information. The second information is used to indicate the one or more models, and the third information is used to indicate the maximum length of the observation window supported by the one or more models respectively.

[0306] For example, the first message above also includes second indicator information, which is used to indicate the performance of the one or more models.

[0307] For a more detailed description of the above-mentioned processing module 1210 and transceiver module 1220, please refer to the relevant description in the method embodiment shown in Figure 11.

[0308] As shown in Figure 13, the communication device 1300 includes a processor 1310 and an interface circuit 1320. The processor 1310 and the interface circuit 1320 are coupled to each other. It is understood that the interface circuit 1320 can be a transceiver or an input / output interface. Optionally, the communication device 1300 may also include a memory 1330 for storing instructions executed by the processor 1310, or storing input data required by the processor 1310 to execute instructions, or storing data generated after the processor 1310 executes instructions. Sometimes, the interface circuit 1320 can also be understood as part of the processor 1310, in which case the communication device 1300 includes the processor 1310.

[0309] When the communication device 1300 is used to implement the method shown in FIG9, FIG10 or FIG11, the processor 1310 is used to implement the function of the processing module 1210, and the interface circuit 1320 is used to implement the function of the transceiver module 1220.

[0310] When the aforementioned communication device is a chip applied to the first communication device, the chip implements the functions of the first communication device in any of the above method embodiments. The chip receiving information from the second communication device can be understood as the information being first received by other modules (such as an RF module or antenna) in the first communication device, and then sent to the chip by these modules. The chip sending information to the second communication device can be understood as the information being first sent to other modules (such as an RF module or antenna) in the first communication device, and then sent to the second communication device by these modules.

[0311] When the aforementioned communication device is a chip applied to the second communication device, the chip implements the functions of the second communication device in the above method embodiments. The chip receives information from the first communication device, which can be understood as the information being first received by other modules (such as an RF module or antenna) in the second communication device, and then sent to the chip by these modules. The chip sends information to the first communication device, which can be understood as the information being sent to other modules (such as an RF module or antenna) in the second communication device, and then sent to the first communication device by these modules.

[0312] The transceiver may provide a communication interface or means for communicating with various other devices via a wireless transmission medium. The transceiver may be coupled to an antenna array, and the transceiver and antenna array may be used together for communication with a corresponding network type. At least one interface (e.g., a network interface and / or a user interface) provides a communication interface or means for communication via an internal bus or via an external transmission medium.

[0313] The processor is responsible for managing the bus and general processing, including executing software stored on a computer-readable medium. When executed by the processor, the software causes the processing system to perform the various functions described below for any particular device. Functions that can be implemented by the processor, memory, and computer-readable medium may include: encoding, decoding, rate matching, rate dematching, scrambling, descrambling, modulation, demodulation, layer mapping, fast Fourier transform (FFT), inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT), inverse discrete Fourier transform (IDFT), precoding, resource element (RE) mapping, channel equalization, RE demapping, digital beamforming (BF), adding CP, removing CP, and so on.

[0314] This application also provides a communication system, which includes a first communication device and a second communication device, which can be used to execute the methods in any of the foregoing method embodiments.

[0315] In addition, this application also provides a computer program for implementing the operations and / or processes performed by the first communication device or the second communication device in the method provided in this application.

[0316] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer code that, when executed on a computer, causes the computer to perform the operations and / or processes performed by the first or second communication device in the method provided in this application.

[0317] This application also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program or instructions that, when run on a computer, cause the operations and / or processes performed by the first communication device or the second communication device in the method provided in this application to be executed.

[0318] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and modules described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be described again here.

[0319] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0320] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0321] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0322] If the aforementioned functions are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to existing solutions, or a portion of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, ROM, RAM, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

Claims

1. A communication method, characterized in that, include: Send a first message, the first message including first information, the first information being used to indicate the maximum length of prediction windows supported by one or more models respectively; the maximum length of the prediction window is used to determine measurement configuration information; Receive the measurement configuration information.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first message also includes first parameter information, which includes one or more of the following: first carrier information, first cell information, or first location information; The first information is used to indicate the maximum length of the prediction window supported by the one or more models under the first parameter information.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The measurement configuration information includes one or more of the following: prediction window indication information, spectral information of the reference signal, or model information; The prediction window indication information is used to indicate the prediction window length used by the first model, which is one of the one or more models, and is associated with the measurement configuration information. The prediction window length is less than or equal to the maximum prediction window length supported by the first model. The spectral information of the reference signal is determined based on the maximum length of the prediction window supported by the first model; the model information is used to identify the first model.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The measurement configuration information includes second parameter information, which includes one or more of the following: second carrier information, second cell information, or second location information; Wherein, the second carrier information includes all or part of the first carrier information, the second cell information includes all or part of the first cell information, and the second location information includes all or part of the first location information.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The first message further includes one or more of the following: second information, or third information; the second information is used to indicate the one or more models, and the third information is used to indicate the maximum length of the observation window supported by the one or more models respectively.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The method further includes: Receive first indicator information, which is used to indicate model performance; All one or more models satisfy the model performance indicated by the first indicator information.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first indicator information includes one or more of the following: the difference between the predicted measurement result and the actual measurement result, the handover failure rate, the handover success rate, the number of handover attempts per second, the proportion of short-duration stays, or the measurement cost saving rate.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The first message also includes second indicator information, which is used to indicate the performance of the one or more models.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The method further includes: Receive a second message, the second message being used to indicate the sending time of the switching command, the time interval between the sending time of the switching command and the reporting time of the measurement report being less than or equal to the maximum length of the prediction window supported by the first model, the first model being one of the one or more models; The measurement report is sent, and the measurement report is determined based on the measurement configuration information.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The second message includes one or more of the following: the method of sending the switching command, the time of sending the switching command, or the time interval between the time of sending the switching command and the time of reporting the measurement report.

11. A communication method, characterized in that, include: Receive a first message, the first message including first information, the first information being used to indicate the maximum length of prediction windows supported by one or more models respectively; Based on the first information, determine the measurement configuration information; Send the measurement configuration information.

12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that, The first message also includes first parameter information, which includes one or more of the following: first carrier information, first cell information, or first location information; The first information is used to indicate the maximum length of the prediction window supported by the one or more models under the first parameter information.

13. The method according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that, The measurement configuration information includes one or more of the following: prediction window indication information, spectral information of the reference signal, or model information; The prediction window indication information is used to indicate the prediction window length used by the first model, which is one of the one or more models, and is associated with the measurement configuration information. The prediction window length is less than or equal to the maximum prediction window length supported by the first model. The spectral information of the reference signal is determined based on the maximum length of the prediction window supported by the first model; the model information is used to identify the first model.

14. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that, The measurement configuration information includes second parameter information, which includes one or more of the following: second carrier information, second cell information, or second location information; Wherein, the second carrier information includes all or part of the first carrier information, the second cell information includes all or part of the first cell information, and the second location information includes all or part of the first location information.

15. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that, The first message further includes one or more of the following: second information, or third information; the second information is used to indicate the one or more models, and the third information is used to indicate the maximum length of the observation window supported by the one or more models respectively.

16. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 15, characterized in that, The method further includes: Send first indicator information, which is used to indicate model performance; All one or more models satisfy the model performance indicated by the first indicator information.

17. The method according to claim 16, characterized in that, The first indicator information includes one or more of the following: the difference between the predicted measurement result and the actual measurement result, the handover failure rate, the handover success rate, the number of handover attempts per second, the proportion of short-duration stays, or the measurement cost saving rate.

18. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 17, characterized in that, The first message also includes second indicator information, which is used to indicate the performance of the one or more models.

19. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 18, characterized in that, The method further includes: Send a second message, which indicates the time of sending the switching command. The time interval between the time of sending the switching command and the time of reporting the measurement report is less than or equal to the maximum length of the prediction window supported by the first model, which is one of the one or more models. The measurement report is received, and the measurement report is determined based on the measurement configuration information.

20. The method according to claim 19, characterized in that, The second message includes one or more of the following: the method of sending the switching command, the time of sending the switching command, or the time interval between the time of sending the switching command and the time of reporting the measurement report.

21. A communication device, characterized in that, It includes a module for performing the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 10, or includes a module or unit for performing the method as described in any one of claims 11 to 20.

22. A communication device, characterized in that, The device includes a processor and an interface circuit, the processor and the interface circuit being coupled, the interface circuit being used for inputting and / or outputting information, and the processor being used for executing instructions to cause the communication device to perform the method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10, or to perform the method as claimed in any one of claims 11 to 20.

23. A readable storage medium, characterized in that, The readable storage medium stores a computer program or instructions that, when executed by a communication device, implement the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 20.

24. A computer program product, comprising a computer program or instructions, characterized in that, When the computer program or instructions are executed by the communication device, the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 20 is implemented.

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