Devices and methods for communication
By implementing AI/ML-based measurement and reporting strategies in wireless networks, the solution optimizes power consumption and efficiency in UE measurement reporting, addressing the challenges of complex communication networks.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- NEC CORP
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-10
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-16
AI Technical Summary
As communication networks grow in size and complexity, managing power consumption and improving measurement reporting efficiency in user equipment (UE) becomes challenging, particularly in wireless communication networks utilizing artificial intelligence (AI)/machine learning (ML) technology.
The solution involves a terminal device that determines event triggers for measurement and prediction results based on time-to-trigger (TTT) and prediction windows, initiating measurement reporting at specific timings, and adjusting reporting based on configurations and conditions to optimize power consumption and efficiency.
This approach enhances measurement reporting efficiency by reducing unnecessary power consumption and improving communication performance through optimized reporting timings and conditions, aligning with AI/ML technology advancements in wireless networks.
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Figure CN2025071925_16072026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
DEVICES AND METHODS FOR COMMUNICATIONFIELDS
[0001] Example embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to the field of communication techniques and in particular, to devices and methods for measurement and reporting.BACKGROUND
[0002] As communication networks and services increase in size, complexity, and number of users, operations in the communication networks may become increasingly more complicated. In order to improve the communication performance, artificial intelligence (AI) / machine learning (ML) technology is proposed to be used in the wireless communication network. In operation, user equipment (UE) may provide measurement report to the network device, where the measurement report may include measurement results and / or prediction results. In order to saving power consumption, UE needs to determine whether and when to initiate measurement reporting.SUMMARY
[0003] In general, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a solution for measurement and reporting.
[0004] In a first aspect, there is provided a terminal device. The terminal device comprises: a processor configured to cause the terminal device to: determine an event is triggered for at least one first measurement result or / and at least one first prediction result during a first time-to-trigger (TTT) ; and in accordance with a determination that there is at least one second prediction result after the first TTT, initiate a measurement reporting based on a reporting timing from a plurality of timings comprising at least one of the following: a first timing which is a time instance associated with the first TTT, a second timing which is a time instance associated with a second TTT during which an evaluation condition is fulfilled for the at least one second prediction result, wherein the second TTT is the same as or different from the first TTT, a third timing which is a last time instance of a prediction window associated with the at least one first prediction result and / or the at least one second prediction result, a fourth timing which is: a last time instance of an observation window associated with the at least one first measurement result, the at least one first prediction result and / or the at least one second prediction result, or a time instance associated with a model inference for the at least one first prediction result and / or the at least one second prediction result.
[0005] In a second aspect, there is provided a terminal device. The terminal device comprises: a processor configured to cause the terminal device to: determine an event is triggered for at least one measurement result or / and at least one first prediction result during a first time-to-trigger (TTT) ; and in accordance with a determination that there is at least one second prediction result after the first TTT, initiate a measurement reporting if an evaluation condition is fulfilled for the at least one second prediction result during at least one second TTT in a prediction window associated with the at least one first and / or the at least one second prediction result.
[0006] In a third aspect, there is provided a terminal device. The terminal device comprises: a processor configured to cause the terminal device to: receive, from a network device, at least one configuration indicating: a report amount indicating a number of measurement reports to be reported that is larger than 1, and a report interval indicating a time interval between two measurement reports to be reported; transmit, to the network device and based on the at least one configuration, a first measurement report triggered in an observation window; and skip a subsequent measurement report if at least one of the following is fulfilled: a reporting timing associated with the subsequent measurement report is in a prediction window, a reporting timing associated with the subsequent measurement report is outside an observation window, a reporting timing associated with the subsequent measurement report is before a first subsequent observation window, a reporting timing associated with the subsequent measurement report is before a transmission occasion of a first measurement resource associated with the first subsequent observation window, the subsequent measurement report is not an updated measurement report, there are no available measurement results or / and prediction results associated with the subsequent measurement report, or at least one measurement result or / and at least one prediction result associated with the subsequent measurement report have been included in at least one previous measurement report.
[0007] In a fourth aspect, there is provided a terminal device. The terminal device comprises: a processor configured to cause the terminal device to: receive, from a network device, at least one configuration indicating: a first measurement reporting mode associated with a first set of configurations, and a second measurement reporting mode associated with a second set of configurations; perform measurement reporting based on the first set of configurations associated with the first measurement reporting mode; and in accordance with a determination that a mode switch condition is met or in responding to receiving a message indicating the second measurement reporting mode, perform the measurement reporting based on the second set of configurations associated with the second measurement reporting mode.
[0008] In a fifth aspect, there is provided a network device. The network device comprises: a processor configured to cause the network device to: transmit, to a terminal device, a first parameter to be used by the terminal device for determining a reporting timing from a plurality of timings comprising at least one of the following: a first timing which is a time instance associated with a first time-to-trigger (TTT) wherein an event is triggered for at least one first measurement result or / and at least one first prediction result during the first TTT, a second timing which is a time instance associated with a second TTT during which an evaluation condition is fulfilled for at least one second prediction result after the first TTT, wherein the second TTT is the same as or different from the first TTT, a third timing which is a last time instance of a prediction window associated with the at least one first prediction result and / or the at least one second prediction result, a fourth timing which is: a last time instance of an observation window associated with the at least one first measurement result, the at least one first prediction result and / or the at least one second prediction result, or a time instance associated with a model inference for the at least one first prediction result and / or the at least one second prediction result; and receive, from the terminal device, at least one measurement based on the reporting timing.
[0009] In a sixth aspect, there is provided a network device. The network device comprises: a processor configured to cause the network device to: transmit, to a terminal device, at least one configuration indicating: a report amount indicating a number of measurement reports to be reported that is larger than 1, and a report interval indicating a time interval between two measurement reports to be reported; receive, from the terminal device and based on the at least one configuration, a first measurement report triggered in an observation window; and skip receiving a subsequent measurement report if at least one of the following is fulfilled: a reporting timing associated with the subsequent measurement report is in a prediction window, a reporting timing associated with the subsequent measurement report is outside an observation window, a reporting timing associated with the subsequent measurement report is before a first subsequent observation window, a reporting timing associated with the subsequent measurement report is before a transmission occasion of a first measurement resource associated with the first subsequent observation window, the subsequent measurement report is not an updated measurement report, there are no available measurement results or / and prediction results associated with the subsequent measurement report, or at least one measurement result or / and at least one prediction result associated with the subsequent measurement report have been included in at least one previous measurement report.
[0010] In a seventh aspect, there is provided a network device. The network device comprises: a processor configured to cause the network device to: transmit, to a terminal device, at least one configuration indicating: a first measurement reporting mode associated with a first set of configurations, and a second measurement reporting mode associated with a second set of configurations; transmit, to the terminal device, a message indicating one of the first and second measurement reporting modes, such that the terminal device perform measurement reporting based on a reporting mode indicated by the message.
[0011] In an eighth aspect, there is provided a communication method performed by a terminal device. The method comprises: determining an event is triggered for at least one first measurement result or / and at least one first prediction result during a first time-to-trigger (TTT) ; and in accordance with a determination that there is at least one second prediction result after the first TTT, initiating a measurement reporting based on a reporting timing from a plurality of timings comprising at least one of the following: a first timing which is a time instance associated with the first TTT, a second timing which is a time instance associated with a second TTT during which an evaluation condition is fulfilled for the at least one second prediction result, wherein the second TTT is the same as or different from the first TTT, a third timing which is a last time instance of a prediction window associated with the at least one first prediction result and / or the at least one second prediction result, a fourth timing which is: a last time instance of an observation window associated with the at least one first measurement result, the at least one first prediction result and / or the at least one second prediction result, or a time instance associated with a model inference for the at least one first prediction result and / or the at least one second prediction result.
[0012] In a ninth aspect, there is provided a communication method performed by a terminal device. The method comprises: determining an event is triggered for at least one measurement result or / and at least one first prediction result during a first time-to-trigger (TTT) ; and in accordance with a determination that there is at least one second prediction result after the first TTT, initiating a measurement reporting if an evaluation condition is fulfilled for the at least one second prediction result during at least one second TTT in a prediction window associated with the at least one first and / or the at least one second prediction result.
[0013] In a tenth aspect, there is provided a communication method performed by a terminal device. The method comprises: receiving, from a network device, at least one configuration indicating: a report amount indicating a number of measurement reports to be reported that is larger than 1, and a report interval indicating a time interval between two measurement reports to be reported; transmitting, to the network device and based on the at least one configuration, a first measurement report triggered in an observation window; and skipping a subsequent measurement report if at least one of the following is fulfilled: a reporting timing associated with the subsequent measurement report is in a prediction window, a reporting timing associated with the subsequent measurement report is outside an observation window, a reporting timing associated with the subsequent measurement report is before a first subsequent observation window, a reporting timing associated with the subsequent measurement report is before a transmission occasion of a first measurement resource associated with the first subsequent observation window, the subsequent measurement report is not an updated measurement report, there are no available measurement results or / and prediction results associated with the subsequent measurement report, or at least one measurement result or / and at least one prediction result associated with the subsequent measurement report have been included in at least one previous measurement report.
[0014] In an eleventh aspect, there is provided a communication method performed by a terminal device. The method comprises: receiving, from a network device, at least one configuration indicating: a first measurement reporting mode associated with a first set of configurations, and a second measurement reporting mode associated with a second set of configurations; performing measurement reporting based on the first set of configurations associated with the first measurement reporting mode; and in accordance with a determination that a mode switch condition is met or in responding to receiving a message indicating the second measurement reporting mode, performing the measurement reporting based on the second set of configurations associated with the second measurement reporting mode.
[0015] In a twelfth aspect, there is provided a communication method performed by a network device. The method comprises: transmitting, to a terminal device, a first parameter to be used by the terminal device for determining a reporting timing from a plurality of timings comprising at least one of the following: a first timing which is a time instance associated with a first time-to-trigger (TTT) wherein an event is triggered for at least one first measurement result or / and at least one first prediction result during the first TTT, a second timing which is a time instance associated with a second TTT during which an evaluation condition is fulfilled for at least one second prediction result after the first TTT, wherein the second TTT is the same as or different from the first TTT, a third timing which is a last time instance of a prediction window associated with the at least one first prediction result and / or the at least one second prediction result, a fourth timing which is: a last time instance of an observation window associated with the at least one first measurement result, the at least one first prediction result and / or the at least one second prediction result, or a time instance associated with a model inference for the at least one first prediction result and / or the at least one second prediction result; and receiving, from the terminal device, at least one measurement based on the reporting timing.
[0016] In a thirteenth aspect, there is provided a communication method performed by a network device. The method comprises: transmitting, to a terminal device, at least one configuration indicating: a report amount indicating a number of measurement reports to be reported that is larger than 1, and a report interval indicating a time interval between two measurement reports to be reported; receiving, from the terminal device and based on the at least one configuration, a first measurement report triggered in an observation window; and skipping receiving a subsequent measurement report if at least one of the following is fulfilled: a reporting timing associated with the subsequent measurement report is in a prediction window, a reporting timing associated with the subsequent measurement report is outside an observation window, a reporting timing associated with the subsequent measurement report is before a first subsequent observation window, a reporting timing associated with the subsequent measurement report is before a transmission occasion of a first measurement resource associated with the first subsequent observation window, the subsequent measurement report is not an updated measurement report, there are no available measurement results or / and prediction results associated with the subsequent measurement report, or at least one measurement result or / and at least one prediction result associated with the subsequent measurement report have been included in at least one previous measurement report.
[0017] In a fourteenth aspect, there is provided a communication method performed by a network device. The method comprises: transmitting, to a terminal device, at least one configuration indicating: a first measurement reporting mode associated with a first set of configurations, and a second measurement reporting mode associated with a second set of configurations; transmitting, to the terminal device, a message indicating one of the first and second measurement reporting modes, such that the terminal device perform measurement reporting based on a reporting mode indicated by the message.
[0018] In a fifteenth aspect, there is provided a computer readable medium having instructions stored thereon, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to carry out the method according to the eighth, ninth, tenth, eleventh, twelfth, thirteenth, or fourteenth aspect.
[0019] Other features of the present disclosure will become easily comprehensible through the following description.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0020] Through the more detailed description of some example embodiments of the present disclosure in the accompanying drawings, the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent, wherein:
[0021] FIG. 1 illustrates an example communication environment in which example embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented;
[0022] FIG. 2A illustrates an example of intra-frequency temporal domain case A;
[0023] FIG. 2B and FIG. 2C illustrate examples of intra-frequency temporal domain case B;
[0024] FIG. 3A and FIG. 3B illustrate examples of sliding L1 / L3 filtering and non-sliding L1 / L3 filtering;
[0025] FIG. 4 illustrates an example interaction of event-triggered measurement;
[0026] FIG. 5 illustrates a signaling flow of communication in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0027] FIGS. 6A to FIG. 13 illustrate example interactions of event-triggered measurement in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0028] FIG. 14 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method implemented at a terminal device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0029] FIG. 15 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method implemented at a terminal device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0030] FIG. 16 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method implemented at a terminal device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0031] FIG. 17 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method implemented at a terminal device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0032] FIG. 18 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method implemented at a network device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0033] FIG. 19 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method implemented at a network device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0034] FIG. 20 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method implemented at a network device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0035] FIG. 21 illustrates a simplified block diagram of an apparatus that is suitable for implementing example embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0036] Throughout the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar element.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0037] Principle of the present disclosure will now be described with reference to some example embodiments. It is to be understood that these embodiments are described only for the purpose of illustration and help those skilled in the art to understand and implement the present disclosure, without suggesting any limitation as to the scope of the disclosure. Embodiments described herein can be implemented in various manners other than the ones described below.
[0038] In the following description and claims, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skills in the art to which this disclosure belongs.
[0039] As used herein, the term ‘terminal device’ refers to any device having wireless or wired communication capabilities. Examples of the terminal device include, but not limited to, user equipment (UE) , personal computers, desktops, mobile phones, cellular phones, smart phones, personal digital assistants (PDAs) , portable computers, tablets, wearable devices, internet of things (IoT) devices, Ultra-reliable and Low Latency Communications (URLLC) devices, Internet of Everything (IoE) devices, machine type communication (MTC) devices, devices on vehicle for V2X communication where X means pedestrian, vehicle, or infrastructure / network, devices for Integrated Access and Backhaul (IAB) , Space borne vehicles or Air borne vehicles in Non-terrestrial networks (NTN) including Satellites and High Altitude Platforms (HAPs) encompassing Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) , eXtended Reality (XR) devices including different types of realities such as Augmented Reality (AR) , Mixed Reality (MR) and Virtual Reality (VR) , the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) commonly known as a drone which is an aircraft without any human pilot, devices on high speed train (HST) , or image capture devices such as digital cameras, sensors, gaming devices, music storage and playback appliances, or Internet appliances enabling wireless or wired Internet access and browsing and the like. The ‘terminal device’ can further have ‘multicast / broadcast’ feature, to support public safety and mission critical, V2X applications, transparent IPv4 / IPv6 multicast delivery, IPTV, smart TV, radio services, software delivery over wireless, group communications and IoT applications. It may also incorporate one or multiple Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) as known as Multi-SIM. The term “terminal device” can be used interchangeably with a UE, a mobile station, a subscriber station, a mobile terminal, a user terminal or a wireless device.
[0040] The term “network device” refers to a device which is capable of providing or hosting a cell or coverage where terminal devices can communicate. Examples of a network device include, but not limited to, a Node B (NodeB or NB) , an evolved NodeB (eNodeB or eNB) , a next generation NodeB (gNB) , a transmission reception point (TRP) , a remote radio unit (RRU) , a radio head (RH) , a remote radio head (RRH) , an IAB node, a low power node such as a femto node, a pico node, a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) , and the like. Further, the network device also may be an operation administration and maintenance (OAM) , a server, location management function (LMF) , access and mobility management function (AMF) , and other core network node.
[0041] The terminal device or the network device may have Artificial intelligence (AI) or Machine learning (ML) capability. It generally includes a model which has been trained from numerous collected data for a specific function, and can be used to predict some information.
[0042] The terminal device or the network device may work on several frequency ranges, e.g., FR1 (e.g., 450 MHz to 6000 MHz) , FR2 (e.g., 24.25GHz to 52.6GHz) , frequency band larger than 100 GHz as well as Tera Hertz (THz) . It can further work on licensed / unlicensed / shared spectrum. The terminal device may have more than one connection with the network devices under Multi-Radio Dual Connectivity (MR-DC) application scenario. The terminal device or the network device can work on full duplex, flexible duplex and cross division duplex modes.
[0043] The embodiments of the present disclosure may be performed in test equipment, e.g., signal generator, signal analyzer, spectrum analyzer, network analyzer, test terminal device, test network device, channel emulator. In some embodiments, the terminal device may be connected with a first network device and a second network device. One of the first network device and the second network device may be a master node and the other one may be a secondary node. The first network device and the second network device may use different radio access technologies (RATs) . In some embodiments, the first network device may be a first RAT device and the second network device may be a second RAT device. In some embodiments, the first RAT device is eNB and the second RAT device is gNB. Information related with different RATs may be transmitted to the terminal device from at least one of the first network device or the second network device. In some embodiments, first information may be transmitted to the terminal device from the first network device and second information may be transmitted to the terminal device from the second network device directly or via the first network device. In some embodiments, information related with configuration for the terminal device configured by the second network device may be transmitted from the second network device via the first network device. Information related with reconfiguration for the terminal device configured by the second network device may be transmitted to the terminal device from the second network device directly or via the first network device.
[0044] As used herein, the singular forms ‘a’ , ‘an’ and ‘the’ are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The term ‘includes’ and its variants are to be read as open terms that mean ‘includes, but is not limited to. ’ The term ‘based on’ is to be read as ‘at least in part based on. ’ The term ‘one embodiment’ and ‘an embodiment’ are to be read as ‘at least one embodiment. ’ The term ‘another embodiment’ is to be read as ‘at least one other embodiment. ’ The terms ‘first, ’ ‘second, ’ and the like may refer to different or same objects. Other definitions, explicit and implicit, may be included below.
[0045] In some examples, values, procedures, or apparatus are referred to as ‘best, ’ ‘lowest, ’ ‘highest, ’ ‘minimum, ’ ‘maximum, ’ or the like. It will be appreciated that such descriptions are intended to indicate that a selection among many used functional alternatives can be made, and such selections need not be better, smaller, higher, or otherwise preferable to other selections.
[0046] As used herein, the term “resource, ” “transmission resource, ” “uplink resource, ” or “downlink resource” may refer to any resource for performing a communication, such as a resource in time domain, a resource in frequency domain, a resource in space domain, a resource in code domain, or any other resource enabling a communication, and the like. In the following, unless explicitly stated, a resource in both frequency domain and time domain will be used as an example of a transmission resource for describing some example embodiments of the present disclosure. It is noted that example embodiments of the present disclosure are equally applicable to other resources in other domains.
[0047] For better descriptions, some terms used herein are listed as below:
[0048] Functionality may be interchangeably with AI / ML, AI / ML model, AI / ML agent, AI / ML functionality, AI-enabled feature / FG (feature group) , pattern, dataset, NW-side or UE-side additional condition, condition, applicable condition, model structure, model parameter, reference model, proxy model, model description / meta information, UE part (of two-sided model) , NW part (of two-sided model) . It means a data driven algorithm that applies AI / ML techniques to generate a set of (AI / ML) outputs based on a set of (AI / ML) inputs. In this patent, Case B and Case A may correspond to the same functionality, or different functionalities. AI / ML-enabled feature refers to a feature where AI / ML may be used. Functionality refers to an AI / ML-enabled Feature / feature group (FG) enabled by configuration (s) , where configuration (s) is (are) supported based on conditions indicated by UE capability.
[0049] Model may be associated with specific configurations / conditions associated with UE capability of an AI / ML-enabled Feature / FG and additional conditions (e.g., scenarios, sites, and datasets) as determined / identified between UE-side and NW-side.
[0050] Model may be represented by model ID, i.e., indication of functionality, model, dataset, cell, bandwidth part (BWP) , cell group / list, scenario, configuration, range, zone, area, sector, public land mobile network (PLMN) , mobile network operation (MNO) , mobile country code (MCC) , mobile network code (MNC) , location area code (LAC) , quantizer / quantization, dequantizer / dequantiztion, encoder, decoder. Model ID is interchangeably with associated ID, functionality ID, dataset ID, scenario ID, zone ID, cell ID, PLMN ID, configuration ID, quantization ID, local (model) ID, global (model) ID, logical (model) ID, physical (model) ID, pairing ID, and so on.
[0051] Model inference means a process of using a trained AI / ML model to produce a set of outputs based on a set of inputs.
[0052] Output may be interchangeably with infer, predict, estimate, calculate, determine. ID may be interchangeably with indication, index, identifier, identity, indicator. Parameter may be interchangeably with radio resource control (RRC) information element (IE) , configuration, information (reported by UE) , information in measurement report (MR) , message, UE capability information, UE assistance information.
[0053] Handover (HO) may be interchangeably with cell switch, cell addition, cell subtraction, mobility, conditional HO, layer 1 / layer 2 (L1 / L2) triggered mobility (LTM) . NW may be interchangeably with UE, transmitter, receiver, (serving) cell, CU (centralized unit) , DU (distributed unit) , CN (core network) , gNB, transmission reception point (TRP) , access point (AP) , reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) .
[0054] Measurement time instance may be transmission occasion of measurement RS, timing of transmitting / receiving measurement RS, timing of measurement, timing of model inference. Time instance may be interchangeably with instance, timing, transmission occasion, time sequence number (unit: symbol, slot, sub-frame, frame, ms, s, min) , time stamp, time point, time location.
[0055] Cell may be interchangeably with BWP, frequency band / part, cell group / list, beam, event, LTM candidate (ID / cell) , transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state, measurement RS, RS. Cell may comprise at least one of primary cell (PCell) , secondary cell (SCell) , primary secondary cell (PSCell) , serving cell, neighboring cell, candidate cell, target cell, non-serving cell, activation cell, deactivation cell.
[0056] Cell measurements may comprise at least one measured quantity determined based on measurement RS, e.g., reference signal receiving power (RSRP) , reference signal receiving quality (RSRQ) , signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) . Cell predictions may comprise at least one predicted quantity, e.g., predicted RSRP, predicted RSRQ, predicted SINR.
[0057] In the context of the present discourse, measurement result (s) may include any of the following: cell-level measurement (s) / measurement result (s) , beam-level measurement (s) / measurement result (s) , or event-level measurement (s) / measurement result (s) . Further, some embodiments are described by using cell-level measurement (s) as an example, which should be replaced by beam-level measurement (s) / measurement result (s) , and / or event-level measurement (s) / measurement result (s) .
[0058] In the context of the present discourse, prediction result (s) may include any of the following: cell-level prediction (s) / prediction result (s) , beam-level prediction (s) / prediction result (s) , or event-level prediction (s) / prediction result (s) . Further, some embodiments are described by using cell-level prediction (s) as an example, which should be replaced by beam-level prediction (s) / prediction result (s) , and / or event-level prediction (s) / prediction result (s) .
[0059] RSRP may be interchangeably with RSRQ, SINR, block error rate (BLER) , received signal strength indication (RSSI) , layer 1 (L1) -RSRP, L1-SINR. Observation window (OW) may be interchangeably with measurement (time) window, it may comprise (or be interchangeably with) one or more measurement time instance. Prediction window (PW) may be interchangeably with future (time) window, it may comprise (or be interchangeably with) one or more future (or prediction) time instance. Window may be interchangeably with sliding window, non-sliding window, time offset, time gap, time duration, a period of time, timer, a set of time instances.
[0060] Skip may be interchangeably with ignore, stop, omit, terminate, suspend, end, not perform, not transmit, not initiated, not start, release, deactivate, disable.
[0061] An event may be fulfilled (or satisfied) means that, the entry condition (e.g., entering condition, leaving condition) applicable for this event, e.g., the event corresponding with the eventId of the corresponding reportConfig within VarMeasConfig, is fulfilled for one or more applicable cells for all measurements after layer 3 filtering taken during timeToTrigger defined for this event within the VarMeasConfig.
[0062] The last time instance means the farthest time instance on the timeline (or in chronological order) .
[0063] Comprise may be interchangeably with indicate, include, consist of, comprise of. ‘Associated with’ may be interchangeably with corresponding to, mapping to, for, of, applicable to, related to, about. Configure may be interchangeably with activate, indicate, comprise, trigger, initiate, transmit, provide, schedule, enable, restart, maintain.
[0064] In the context of the present disclosure, ‘a MR is triggered’ may further mean (comprise) at least one of the following occurs. - include a measurement reporting entry within the VarMeasReportList for a measId associated with the MR. - set the numberOfReportsSent defined within the VarMeasReportList for a measId associated with the MR to 0. - include concerned cell (s) associated with the MR in the cellsTriggeredList defined within the VarMeasReportList for a measId associated with the MR. - start (or restart) the periodical reporting timer with the value of reportInterval as defined within the corresponding reportConfig associated with the MR.
[0065] As discussed above, in order to improve the communication performance, ML / AI technology is proposed to be used in the wireless communication network. It has been agreed to study and evaluate potential benefits and gains of AI / ML aided mobility for network triggered L3-based handover. Specifically, it may consider AI / ML based radio resource management (RRM) measurement and event prediction, such as, cell-level measurement prediction including intra-frequency and inter-frequency (UE sided and NW sided model) (including inter-cell beam-level measurement prediction for L3 Mobility, UE sided and NW sided model) , handover (HO) failure / radio link failure (RLF) prediction (UE sided model) , measurement events prediction (UE sided model) and so on.
[0066] It has been agreed to study the need / benefits of any other UE assistance information for the network side model. The evaluation of the AI / ML aided mobility benefits may consider HO performance key performance indicators (KPIs) (e.g., Ping-pong HO, HO failure / RLF, time of stay, handover interruption, prediction accuracy, and measurement reduction) and so on) and complexity tradeoffs. Potential AI mobility specific enhancement should be based on the release 19 AI / ML-air interface work item description general framework (e.g., life cycle management (LCM) , performance monitoring and so on) .
[0067] It has been agreed to evaluate testability, interoperability, and impacts on RRM requirements and performance, such as, study the impacts on requirements based on RAN2 assumptions, and coordinate with RAN2 if needed, study the testability and interoperability based on RAN2 framework (e.g., number of cells to measure, beams and so on) .
[0068] In the present disclosure, cell measurement / prediction is used as an example scenario for describing some embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments discussed herein may be applicable to other any object measurement / prediction, such as, beam measurement / prediction, event measurement / prediction and so on.
[0069] Principles and implementations of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the figures.
[0070] FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of an example communication environment 100 in which example embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented. In the communication environment 100, a plurality of communication devices, including a terminal device 110 and a network device 120, can communicate with each other. It should be understood that, in the other embodiments, the terminal device 110 / network device 120 may be replaced with any of: a terminal device, a network device, an OTT (over the top, a server) , an operation administration and maintenance (OAM) (server) , an edge cloud (server) , a neutral site, transmission reception point (TRP) , or core network (CN, such as, location management function, LMF) and so on. In present disclosure is not limited in this regard.
[0071] In the example of FIG. 1, a direction from the terminal device 110 to the network device 120 is referred to as uplink, while a direction from the network device 120 to the terminal device 110 is referred to as a downlink. In downlink, the network device 120 is a transmitting (TX) device (or a transmitter) and the terminal device 110 is a receiving (RX) device (or a receiver) , and the network device 120 may transmit downlink transmission to the terminal device 110. Correspondingly, in uplink, the network device 120 is an RX device (or a receiver) and the terminal device 110 is a TX device (or a transmitter) , and the terminal device 110 may transmit uplink transmission to the network device 120.
[0072] Further, in FIG. 1, one or more ML models may be deployed at the terminal device 110 and / or the network device 120.
[0073] It is to be understood that the number of devices and their connections shown in FIG. 1 are only for the purpose of illustration without suggesting any limitation. The communication environment 100 may include any suitable number of devices configured to implementing example embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0074] In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 and the network device 120 may communicate with each other via a channel such as a wireless communication channel on an air interface (e.g., Uu interface) or a PC5 interface. The wireless communication channel may comprise a sidelink, a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) , a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) , a physical random-access channel (PRACH) , a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) , a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) and a physical broadcast channel (PBCH) . Of course, any other suitable channels are also feasible.
[0075] The communications in the communication environment 100 may conform to any suitable standards including, but not limited to, Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) , Long Term Evolution (LTE) , LTE-Evolution, LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) , New Radio (NR) , Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) , Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) , GSM EDGE Radio Access Network (GERAN) , Machine Type Communication (MTC) and the like. The embodiments of the present disclosure may be performed according to any generation communication protocols either currently known or to be developed in the future. Examples of the communication protocols include, but not limited to, the first generation (1G) , the second generation (2G) , 2.5G, 2.75G, the third generation (3G) , the fourth generation (4G) , 4.5G, the fifth generation (5G) communication protocols, 5.5G, 5G-Advanced networks, or the sixth generation (6G) networks.
[0076] In some solutions, 3 sub-use cases may be considered for cell-level RRM measurement prediction: Sub-use case 1: L1 beam-level measurement result (s) is predicted based on actual L1 beam-level measurement result (s) and then L3 cell-level measurement result is generated; Sub-use case 2: L3 Cell-level measurement result (s) is predicted based on actual L3 cell-level measurement result (s) ; and Sub-use case 3: L3 Cell-level measurement result (s) is predicted based on actual L1 beam-level measurement result (s) .
[0077] In some solutions, 3 sub-use cases are considered for beam-level RRM measurement prediction: Sub-use case 4: L1 filtered beam-level measurement result (s) is predicted based on actual L1 beam-level measurement result (s) and then L3 beam-level measurement result is generated; Sub-use case 5: L3 beam-level measurement result (s) is predicted based on actual L3 beam-level measurement result (s) ; and Sub-use case 6: L3 beam-level measurement result (s) is predicted based on actual L1 beam-level measurement result (s) .
[0078] The prioritization among evaluation scenarios is captured in the following table:
[0079] In some solutions, measurement prediction accuracy for cell-level RRM measurement prediction is defined as average L3 RSRP difference between predicted L3 filtered cell-level measurement result and actual L3 filtered cell-level measurement result of the same cell for all RRM sub-use cases.
[0080] Measurement reduction rate for intra-frequency scenario is defined in the temporal domain (called MRRT) by assuming same length of measurement time instances and spatial domain respectively (called MRRS) : MRRT = skipped measurement time instances / total measurement time instances; MRRS = skipped beams to be measured / total beams to be measured.
[0081] For in intra-frequency temporal domain case A, continuous measurement results in prediction window (PW) are predicted by continuous historical measurement result (s) in observation window (OW) . Then OW and PW slide forward with either sampling period (s) (with sliding L1 / L3 filtering option) or measurement period (s) (with non-sliding L1 / L3 filtering option) , where measurement result (s) are actually measured before sliding. One example is illustrated in the FIG. 2A (example of intra-frequency temporal domain case A) . Intra-frequency intra-cell temporal domain case A prediction (represented by ‘Case A’ sometimes) may be evaluated for the 2nd study goal for both FR1 and FR2 scenario. L3 filtered beam level prediction sub-use cases are lower priority and should focus on FR2 intra-frequency temporal domain case A.
[0082] In intra-frequency temporal domain case B (represented by ‘Case B’ sometimes) , measurement results in PW are predicted by historical measurement result (s) in OW. Then OW and PW slide forward with either sampling period (s) (with sliding L1 / L3 filtering option) or measurement period (s) (with non-sliding L1 / L3 filtering option) and measurement result (s) in previous PW is / are skipped during window sliding. Example 1 (as illustrated in FIG. 2B) and example 2 (as illustrated in FIG. 2C) are illustrated, where the example 2 in FIG. 2C is recommended as baseline for evaluation. The historical measurement results in OW are at least actual measurement results, it is free to report if they use predicted measurement results in OW as input of AI / ML model.
[0083] Intra-frequency intra-cell temporal domain case B prediction is evaluated for 1st study goal by predicting a subset of measurement instances in temporal domain of the same cell for both FR1 and FR2 scenario. MRRT (s) should be aligned among companies without defining detail TDM pattern. Both case A and case B are applicable for all RRM sub-use cases and focus on at least pure temporal domain.
[0084] In sliding L1 / L3 filtering (as illustrated in FIG. 3A) , filtered L1 or L3 measurement result are generated every sample period. In non-sliding L1 / L3 filtering (as illustrated in FIG. 3B) , filtered L1 or L3 measurement result are generated every measurement period.
[0085] If AS security has been activated successfully, for each measId included in the measIdList within VarMeasConfig, if the reportType is set to eventTriggered, and if the corresponding reportConfig does not include numberOfTriggeringCells, and if the entry condition applicable for this event, i.e., the event corresponding with the eventId of the corresponding reportConfig within VarMeasConfig, is fulfilled for one or more applicable cells for all measurements after layer 3 filtering taken during timeToTrigger defined for this event within the VarMeasConfig, while the VarMeasReportList does not include a measurement reporting entry for this measId (afirst cell triggers the event) , the UE shall: - include a measurement reporting entry within the VarMeasReportList for this measId; - set the numberOfReportsSent defined within the VarMeasReportList for this measId to 0; include the concerned cell (s) in the cellsTriggeredList defined within the VarMeasReportList for this measId; - if useT312 is set to true in reportConfig for this event, if T310 for the corresponding SpCell is running, and if T312 is not running for corresponding SpCell, start timer T312 for the corresponding SpCell with the value of T312 configured in the corresponding measObjectNR; - initiate the measurement reporting procedure.
[0086] For a measurement object (MO) , based on obtained L3 measurements (e.g., RSRP) of cell (s) (e.g., serving cell, neighboring cell) , UE may determine whether entering condition of an event is fulfilled. If the entering condition is fulfilled during a TTT (configured by NW) , as shown in FIG. 4, a measurement report (MR) is triggered.
[0087] TimeToTrigger : : = ENUMERATED {ms0, ms40, ms64, ms80, ms100, ms128, ms160, ms256, ms320, ms480, ms512, ms640, ms1024, ms1280, ms2560, ms5120} . The IE TimeToTrigger (TTT) specifies the value range used for time to trigger parameter, which concerns the time during which specific criteria for the event needs to be met in order to trigger a measurement report. Value ms0 corresponds to 0 ms, value ms40 corresponds to 40 ms, and so on.
[0088] The UE shall: consider the entering condition for this event to be satisfied when condition A1-1, as specified below, is fulfilled; consider the leaving condition for this event to be satisfied when condition A1-2, as specified below, is fulfilled; for this measurement, consider the NR serving cell corresponding to the associated measObjectNR associated with this event. Inequality A1-1 (Entering condition) : Ms - Hys > Thresh, Inequality A1-2 (Leaving condition) : Ms + Hys < Thresh.
[0089] The variables in the above formulas are defined as follows: Ms is the measurement result of the serving cell, not taking into account any offsets. Hys is the hysteresis parameter for this event (i.e., hysteresis as defined within reportConfigNR for this event) . Thresh is the threshold parameter for this event (i.e., a1-Threshold as defined within reportConfigNR for this event) . Ms is expressed in dBm in case of RSRP, or in dB in case of RSRQ and RS-SINR. Hys is expressed in dB. Thresh is expressed in the same unit as Ms.
[0090] Event-A3 refer to the neighbour becomes offset better than SpCell. The UE shall: consider the entering condition for this event to be satisfied when condition A3-1, as specified below, is fulfilled; consider the leaving condition for this event to be satisfied when condition A3-2, as specified below, is fulfilled; use the SpCell for Mp, Ofp and Ocp.
[0091] The cell (s) that triggers the event has reference signals indicated in the measObjectNR associated to this event which may be different from the NR SpCell measObjectNR.
[0092] Inequality A3-1 (Entering condition) : Mn + Ofn + Ocn - Hys > Mp + Ofp + Ocp +Off; Inequality A3-2 (Leaving condition) : Mn + Ofn + Ocn + Hys < Mp + Ofp + Ocp + Off.
[0093] The variables in the above formula are defined as follows: Mn is the measurement result of the neighbouring cell, not taking into account any offsets. Ofn is the measurement object specific offset of the reference signal of the neighbour cell (i.e., offsetMO as defined within measObjectNR corresponding to the neighbour cell) . Ocn is the cell specific offset of the neighbour cell (i.e., cellIndividualOffset as defined within measObjectNR corresponding to the frequency of the neighbour cell, or cellIndividualOffset as defined within reportConfigNR) , and set to zero if not configured for the neighbour cell. Mp is the measurement result of the SpCell, not taking into account any offsets. Ofp is the measurement object specific offset of the SpCell (i.e., offsetMO as defined within measObjectNR corresponding to the SpCell) . Ocp is the cell specific offset of the SpCell (i.e., cellIndividualOffset as defined within measObjectNR corresponding to the SpCell) , and is set to zero if not configured for the SpCell. Hys is the hysteresis parameter for this event (i.e., hysteresis as defined within reportConfigNR for this event) . Off is the offset parameter for this event (i.e., a3-Offset as defined within reportConfigNR for this event) . Mn, Mp are expressed in dBm in case of RSRP, or in dB in case of RSRQ and RS-SINR. Ofn, Ocn, Ofp, Ocp, Hys, Off are expressed in dB.
[0094] As discussed above, in order to improve the communication performance, ML / AI technology is proposed to be used in the wireless communication network. In operation, UE may provide measurement report to the network device, where the measurement report may include measurement results and / or prediction results. In order to saving power consumption, UE needs to determine whether and when to initiate measurement reporting. According to the example embodiments as discussed below, the AI / ML-based measurement and / or reporting may be well defined.
[0095] Reference is now made to FIG. 5, which illustrates a signaling flow 500 for communication in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purposes of discussion, the signaling flow 500 will be discussed with reference to FIG. 1, for example, by using the terminal device 110 and the network device 120.
[0096] In the following descriptions, while operations are depicted in a particular order, this should not be understood as requiring that such operations be performed in the particular order shown or in sequential order, or that all illustrated operations be performed, to achieve desirable results. In certain circumstances, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous. Likewise, while several specific implementation details are contained in the above discussions, these should not be construed as limitations on the scope of the present disclosure, but rather as descriptions of features that may be specific to particular embodiments. Certain features that are described in the context of separate embodiments may also be implemented in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features that are described in the context of a single embodiment may also be implemented in multiple embodiments separately or in any suitable sub-combination.
[0097] It is to be understood that the operations at the terminal device 110 and the network device 120 should be coordinated. In other words, the network device 120 and the terminal device 110 should have common understanding about configurations, parameters and so on. Such common understanding may be implemented by any suitable interactions between the network device 120 and the terminal device 110 or both the network device 120 and the terminal device 110 applying the same rule / policy. In the following, although some operations are described from a perspective of the terminal device 110, it is to be understood that the corresponding operations should be performed by the network device 120. Similarly, although some operations are described from a perspective of the network device 120, it is to be understood that the corresponding operations should be performed by the terminal device 110. Merely for brevity, some of the same or similar contents are omitted here.
[0098] As illustrated in FIG. 5, in operation, the network device 120 may optionally transmit (505-1) at least one configuration to the terminal device 110, and the terminal device 110 may receive (505-2) the at least one configuration accordingly. In some embodiments, the at least one configuration may indicate at least one of the following: event used for triggering an event-based reporting, an observation window configuration, a prediction window configuration, a (first / second) TTT configuration, and / or an evaluation condition configuration and / or any other configuration which is associated with the example embodiments discussed herein, such as, indications used for enabling / disabling features / operations discussed herein, parameters associated with the example embodiments discussed herein. In summary, the present disclosure is not limited with respect to the specific contents comprised in the at least one configuration.
[0099] In the context of the present disclosure, an observation window or / and a prediction window may be mentioned in the specification. Optionally, cell measurements or / and cell predictions may be used to represent (or imply) the observation window or / and the prediction window.
[0100] As illustrated in FIG. 5, the network device 120 may transmit (510-1) RSs to the terminal device 110. The terminal device 11 may receive (510-2) and measure the RSs. In some cases, the terminal device 110 may determine at least one prediction result based on the measurement result by using at least one ML model. According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the terminal device 110 may determine whether to initiate a measurement reporting properly.
[0101] Specifically, in some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may determine (520) an event is triggered for at least one measurement result or / and at least one first prediction result during a first TTT. Then, in accordance with a determination that there is at least one second prediction result after the first TTT, the terminal device 110 may initiate a measurement reporting if an evaluation condition is fulfilled for the at least one second prediction result during at least one second TTT in a prediction window associated with the at least one first and / or the at least one second prediction result.
[0102] In some embodiments, the evaluation condition may be associated with the event, e.g., the evaluation condition may be associated with (or same as) the type of the event (e.g., event A1, event A3, event A5) or may be defined as a quality criteria. In the following, in some embodiments, the evaluation condition may be described as the event. It should be understood, in other embodiments, the evaluation condition may de replaced with other implementation manner.
[0103] In some embodiments, if the second TTT is not configured, the second TTT is determined to be the same as the first TTT or the prediction window, or the second TTT is determined to be a default value.
[0104] In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may initiate the measurement reporting if the evaluation condition is fulfilled during a last TTT in the prediction window. Alternatively, or in addition, in some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may initiate the measurement reporting if the evaluation condition is fulfilled during the prediction window.
[0105] In order to better understand why and how to determine whether to initiate a measurement reporting, more example embodiments will be discussed with reference to FIGS. 6A to FIG. 9B.
[0106] As illustrated in FIG. 6A, when an event (e.g., an entering or leaving condition) is fulfilled for cell measurements (e.g., RSRP, RSRQ, SINR) during a TTT defined for the event, a MR will be triggered (or initiated) after the TTT.
[0107] As discussed, there may be available cell predictions (e.g., predicted RSRP, predicted RSRQ, predicted SINR) after the TTT at UE side. In other words, model inference may be performed in the last measurement time instance of a OW. The event may be (also) fulfilled for cell predictions during the TTT defined for the event, or the event may be not fulfilled for cell predictions during the TTT defined for the event, as shown in the FIG. 6B and FIG. 6G. As a result, whether and when to handle the procedure of MR triggering is desirable to be further discussed.
[0108] In some embodiments, as illustrated in FIG. 7A, if an event is fulfilled for cell measurements during a (first) TTT defined for the event, and if there is available cell predictions within a PW after the TTT at UE side, and if the event is fulfilled for the cell predictions within (or during) the PW, a MR may be triggered. Otherwise, optionally, a MR may not be triggered.
[0109] In some embodiments, optionally, as illustrated in FIG. 7B, if an event is fulfilled for cell measurements during a TTT defined for the event, and if there is available cell predictions within a PW after the TTT at UE side, and if the event is fulfilled for the cell predictions during a further TTT (such as, the second TTT) defined for the event within the PW, a MR may be triggered. Otherwise, optionally, a MR may not be triggered.
[0110] In some embodiments, the further TTT (represented by ‘TTT_p’ , the second TTT) may be the same as the (first) TTT. Optionally, considering that the cell predictions is not as reliable as the cell measurements, the TTT_p may be different from the TTT. In some embodiments, the TTT_p may be configured by NW (e.g., such as, using an RRC IE, timeToTriggerforPW) , and it may be dedicated for the PW (or (at least) cell predictions based event evaluation) . An example of RRC IE, timeToTriggerforPW is illustrated as below.
[0111] Further, if the TTT_p is absent (i.e., UE is not provided with the TTT_p) , a default value (e.g., equal to length of the PW, the TTT or another fixed value) can be applied.
[0112] In some embodiments, if the event is fulfilled for the cell predictions during the last further TTT defined for the event within the PW, a MR may be triggered. Otherwise, optionally, a MR may not be triggered.
[0113] Other example scenarios will be discussed with reference to FIG. 8A and FIG. 8B. In the examples of FIG. 8A and FIG. 8B, when an event is fulfilled for at least cell predictions during a TTT (or TTT_p) defined for the event, a MR will be triggered (or initiated) after the TTT. In the example of FIG. 8A, the event is fulfilled for cell measurements and cell predictions during the TTT. In the example of FIG. 8B, the event is fulfilled for cell predictions during the TTT. Therefore, there may be available cell predictions after the TTT at UE side. The event may be (also) fulfilled for cell predictions during the TTT defined for the event, or the event may be not fulfilled for cell predictions during the TTT defined for the event. As a result, whether and when to handle the procedure of MR triggering is also desirable to be further discussed.
[0114] In some embodiments, as illustrated in FIG. 9A and FIG. 9B, if an event is fulfilled for at least cell predictions during a TTT (or TTT_p) defined for the event, and if there is available cell predictions after the TTT at UE side, and if the event is (also) fulfilled for the cell predictions after the TTT (i.e., from the first (prediction) time instance after the TTT to the ending of the PW) . In other words, the event is fulfilled is fulfilled for at least cell predictions from the satisfied first (prediction) time instance to the last prediction time instance (of the PW) , a MR may be triggered. Otherwise, optionally, a MR may not be triggered.
[0115] In some embodiments, optionally, if an event is fulfilled for at least cell predictions during a TTT (or TTT_p) defined for the event, and if there is available cell predictions after the TTT at UE side, and if the event is fulfilled for the cell predictions during a further TTT (same as or different from the TTT or TTT_p) defined for the event after the TTT, a MR may be triggered. Otherwise, optionally, a MR may not be triggered.
[0116] In some embodiments, if the event is fulfilled for the cell predictions during the last further TTT defined for the event after the TTT, a MR may be triggered. Otherwise, optionally, a MR may not be triggered.
[0117] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the terminal device 110 also may determine a reporting timing for the initiated measurement reporting. Such example embodiments will be discussed as below.
[0118] The terminal device 110 also may determine the reporting timing based on the prediction result (s) in the prediction window, the configuration from the network device and / or related parameters, such example embodiments will be discussed separately in the following.
[0119] In operation, the terminal device 110 may determine an event is triggered for at least one first measurement result or / and at least one first prediction result during a first TTT. Then, in accordance with a determination that there is at least one second prediction result after the first TTT, th terminal device 110 may initiate a measurement reporting based on a reporting timing from a plurality of timings. In particular, the plurality of timings may comprise at least one of the following: - a first timing which is a time instance associated with the first TTT, - a second timing which is a time instance associated with a second TTT during which an evaluation condition is fulfilled for the at least one second prediction result, wherein the second TTT is the same as or different from the first TTT, - a third timing which is a last time instance of a prediction window associated with the at least one first prediction result and / or the at least one second prediction result, - a fourth timing which is: a last time instance of an observation window associated with the at least one first measurement result, the at least one first prediction result and / or the at least one second prediction result, or a time instance associated with a model inference for the at least one first prediction result and / or the at least one second prediction result.
[0120] In some embodiments, the first TTT is in the observation window (such as, FIG. 6B) , and the terminal device 110 may initiate the measurement reporting based on the first timing in accordance with a determination that the evaluation condition is fulfilled during the prediction window. Alternatively, in some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may initiate the measurement reporting based on the second / third timing in accordance with a determination that the evaluation condition is not fulfilled during the prediction window.
[0121] In some embodiments, the first TTT is in the observation window (such as, FIG. 6C) , and the terminal device 110 may initiate the measurement reporting based on the second / third timing in accordance with a determination that the evaluation condition is fulfilled during at least one TTT in the prediction window. Alternatively, in some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may initiate the measurement reporting based on the first timing in accordance with a determination that the evaluation condition is not fulfilled during any TTT in the prediction window.
[0122] In some embodiments, at least part of the first TTT is in the prediction window, and the terminal device 110 may initiate the measurement reporting based on the fourth timing in accordance with a determination that the evaluation condition is fulfilled during a time duration after the first TTT in the prediction window. Alternatively, in some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may initiate the measurement reporting based on the first / second / third timing in accordance with a determination that the evaluation condition is not fulfilled during the time duration after the first TTT in the prediction window.
[0123] In some embodiments, at least part of the first TTT is in the prediction window, and the terminal device 110 may initiate the measurement reporting based on the first / second / third timing in accordance with a determination that the evaluation condition is fulfilled during at least one TTT after the first TTT. Alternatively, in some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may initiate the measurement reporting based on the fourth timing in accordance with a determination that the evaluation condition is not fulfilled during any TTT after the first TTT.
[0124] In order to better understand why and how to determine whether to initiate a measurement reporting, more example embodiments will be discussed with reference to FIGS. 10A to FIG. 11F.
[0125] Examples where the first TTT is in the observation window will be discussed with reference to FIG. 10A to FIG. 10D. In the FIG. 10A to FIG. 10D, the MR may be triggered at T1 (i.e., the first timing) , T2 (i.e., the second timing) , or T3 (i.e., the third timing) , i.e., the (triggered) MR may be sent by UE after (or at) T1, T2 or T3. Furthermore, when the T1, T2 and / or T3 are supported, UE may determine one from T1, T2 and / or T3. In other words, UE may determine when to report ‘the event is fulfilled with cell predictions during the TTT (or TTT_p) .
[0126] In the FIG. 10A to FIG. 10D, the T1 is a (measurement) time instance associated with the TTT, where the T2 is a (prediction) time instance associated with the TTT_p (furthermore, the TTT may be the first or last TTT_p) , where the T3 is the last (prediction) time instance (of the PW) , i.e., the ending of the PW. Furthermore, the T2 and T3 may correspond to the same time instance.
[0127] In the example of FIG. 10C, if the event is fulfilled for the cell predictions within the PW, the T1 may be applied. Otherwise, optionally, the T2 or T3 may be applied. Or, if this condition is satisfied, the T2 or T3 is applied; otherwise, the T1 is applied.
[0128] In the example of FIG. 10D, if the event is fulfilled for the cell predictions during the further TTT (or the last further TTT) defined for the event within the PW, the T2 or T3 may be applied. Otherwise, optionally, the T1 may be applied. Or, if this condition is satisfied, the T2 or T3 is applied; otherwise, the T1 is applied.
[0129] Examples where at least part of the first TTT is in the prediction window will be discussed with reference to FIG. 11A to FIG. 11F. In the FIG. 11A to FIG. 11F, the MR may be triggered at T1 (i.e., the fourth timing) , T2 (i.e., the first timing) , T2’ (i.e., the second timing) , or T3 (i.e., the third timing) .
[0130] As shown in the FIG. 11A to FIG. 11F, where the T1 is the last measurement time instance (of the OW) , or the time instance associated with model inference, or the (measurement) time instance associated with the cell predictions associated with the TTT; where the T2 is a (prediction) time instance associated with the TTT; where the T2’ is a (prediction) time instance associated with a TTT after the first TTT (furthermore, the TTT may be the first or last TTT) , where the T3 is the last (prediction) time instance (of the PW) , i.e., the ending of the PW. Furthermore, the T2 / T2’ and T3 may correspond to the same time instance. Furthermore, when the T1, T2, T2’ and / or T3 are supported, UE may determine one from T1, T2, T2’ and / or T3. In other words, UE may determine when to report ‘the event is fulfilled with cell predictions during the TTT (or TTT_p) .
[0131] In the example of FIG. 11C and FIG. 11D, if the event is fulfilled for the cell predictions within the PW, the T1 may be applied. Otherwise, optionally, the T2 or T3 may be applied. Or, if this condition is satisfied, the T2 or T3 is applied; otherwise, the T1 is applied.
[0132] In the example of FIG. 11E and FIG. 11F, For example, if the event is fulfilled for the cell predictions during the TTT (or the last TTT) defined for the event within the PW, the T2 or T3 may be applied. Otherwise, optionally, the T1 may be applied. Or, if this condition is satisfied, the T2 or T3 is applied; otherwise, the T1 is applied.
[0133] In the example of FIG. 10A to FIG. 11F, the MR can be triggered at T4. In some embodiments, T4 may be the first (prediction) time instance of the PW, i.e., the starting point of the PW, or the first (prediction) time instance associated with the cell predictions. For application of the T4, the T1, T2 or T3 can be replaced by the T4.
[0134] Furthermore, the time instance associated with the TTT may comprise at least one of the following: The last time instance associated with the TTT; The first time instance associated with the TTT; The N-th (based on chronological order) time instance associated with the TTT.
[0135] In some embodiments, if multiple T2s exist (i.e., UE determines multiple T2s) , the last (or first) T2 may be applied. In some embodiments, if at least one T2 and the T3 exist, the T3 or (the last (or first) T2) may be applied.
[0136] Example embodiments about determining the reporting timing based on network configurations will be discussed.
[0137] In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may receive a first parameter indicating the reporting timing from a network device 120, and then may initiate the measurement reporting based on the reporting timing indicated by the first parameter.
[0138] In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may receive a first parameter indicating the plurality of timings from a network device 120. The terminal device 110 may determine the reporting timing from the plurality of timings, and initiate the measurement reporting based on the reporting timing determined from the plurality of timings.
[0139] In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may receive a first parameter used for enabling the reporting timing, and then the terminal device 110 may initiate the measurement reporting based on the reporting timing enabled by the first parameter.
[0140] In some embodiments, if the first parameter is absent, the terminal device 110 may determine the reporting timing to be a default reporting timing.
[0141] More embodiments will be discussed as below. The T1, T2, T2’ , T3 or T4 can be represented by ‘reporting timing of the triggered MR’ .
[0142] The reporting timing of the triggered MR may be determined based on a first parameter (e.g., RRC IE reportTiming) provided by NW. Specifically, where the first parameter may be included in (or associated with) a report configuration (e.g., ReportConfigNR) associated with the triggered MR, or the EventTriggeredConfig associated with the triggered MR, or a measurement object (e.g., MeasObjectNR) associated with the report configuration associated with the triggered MR, or a measurement identity (e.g., MeasId) associated with the report configuration associated with the triggered MR.
[0143] Optionally, where the first parameter may indicate (or select) one of a set of reporting timings (e.g., the T1, T2, T3) . Furthermore, optionally, the first parameter may indicate an indicator of reporting timing (e.g., ‘0’ is associated with the T1, ‘1’ is associated with the T2, ‘2’ is associated with the T3) .
[0144] Furthermore, if the reportTiming is absent (i.e., UE is not provided with the reportTiming) , a default value (e.g., T1, T2, T3) can be applied, optionally, UE may determine the reporting timing based on other embodiments as discussed herein.
[0145] Optionally, the first parameter may indicate (or select) a set of reporting timings (e.g., the T1, T2, T3) . In this case, UE can further determine one from those based on other embodiments as discussed herein.
[0146] Furthermore, if the reportTiming is absent (i.e., UE is not provided with the reportTiming) , a default value (e.g., T1, T2, T3) can be applied, optionally, UE may determine the reporting timing based on other embodiments as discussed herein.
[0147] Optionally, the first parameter may indicate whether a reporting timing (e.g., T1, T2, T3) is applied (or enabled) . For example, assuming T1 and T2 are supported, the first parameter may indicate whether the T2 is applied. If the first parameter indicates ‘enabled’ , the T2 may be applied. If the first parameter indicates ‘disabled’ , or / and the first parameter is absent, the T1 may be applied.
[0148] Example embodiments about determining the reporting timing based on related parameters will be discussed.
[0149] In some embodiments, 10. The terminal device 110 of claim 1, wherein the terminal device 110 is further caused to: determine the reporting timing from the plurality of timings based on at least one of the following: indicator of mobility use case, indicator of functionality, applicability of functionality, activation / deactivation status of functionality, configuration information of the observation window and / or the prediction window, type of the observation window and / or the prediction window, wherein the type is sliding or non-sliding, configuration and / or indication of discontinuous reception of measurement reference signal, mode / goal associated with the measurement reporting, report content associated with the measurement reporting, whether predictions are allowed to be skipped, or mode of measurement reporting.
[0150] More embodiments will be discussed as below. Considering that the main motivation of Case A is to reduce latency of handover, and the main motivation of Case B is to reduce overhand of measurement, the T1 may be applicable to Case A, and the T2 or T3 (collectively referred to as T2 for description) may be applicable to Case B. Therefore, the determination of reporting timing (e.g., T1, T2) of triggered MR may be seen as the determination of Cases about AI mobility (e.g., Case A, Case B) .
[0151] The reporting timing of the triggered MR may be determined based on at least one of the following (maybe provided by NW) .
[0152] In some embodiments, the reporting timing may be determined based on indicator of functionality (e.g., functionality ID) . For example, Case A and Case B may be associated with different functionality ID. If UE is provided with the functionality ID associated with Case A (e.g., the report configuration, or the measurement object or identity associated with the report configuration associated with the triggered MR is associated with the functionality ID, the T1 may be applied. If UE is provided with the functionality ID associated with Case B, the T2 may be applied.
[0153] In some embodiments, the reporting timing may be determined based on applicability of functionality. For example, if the functionality associated with Case A is one of a set of applicable functionalities reported by UE (in its recent report) or / and indicated by NW (in its recent indication) , and / or if the functionality associated with Case B is not one of a set of applicable functionalities reported by UE (in its recent report) or / and indicated by NW (in its recent indication) , the T1 may be applied.
[0154] In some embodiments, the reporting timing may be determined based on activation / deactivation status of functionality. For example, if the functionality associated with Case A is one of a set of functionalities activated by NW (in its recent activation) or / and one of a set of activated functionalities reported by UE (in its recent report) , and / or if the functionality associated with Case B is one of a set of functionalities deactivated by NW (in its recent deactivation) or / and one of a set of deactivated functionalities reported by UE (in its recent report) , and / or if the functionality associated with Case B is not one of a set of functionalities activated by NW (in its recent indication) or / and not one of a set of activated functionalities reported by UE (in its recent report) , the T1 may be applied.
[0155] In some embodiments, the reporting timing may be determined based on OW or / and PW. For example, if UE is provided with a OW or / and PW (e.g., the report configuration, or the measurement object or identity associated with the report configuration associated with the triggered MR is associated with a OW or / and PW) , the T2 may be applied; otherwise, i.e., if UE is not provided by a OW or / and PW, the T1 may be applied. The reason for this consideration is that the OW or / and PW may be not configured for Case A, but OW or / and PW may be configured for Case B, as UE may need to determine which time window (s) to not perform measurement in to reduce overhead of measurement.
[0156] In some embodiments, the reporting timing may be determined based on type (e.g., sliding window, non-sliding window) of OW or / and PW. For example, if UE is provided with a sliding OW or / and PW (e.g., the report configuration, or the measurement object or identity associated with the report configuration associated with the triggered MR is associated with a sliding OW or / and PW) , the T1 may be applied. If UE is provided with a non-sliding OW or / and PW (e.g., the report configuration, or the measurement object or identity associated with the report configuration associated with the triggered MR is associated with a non-sliding OW or / and PW) , the T2 may be applied.
[0157] In some embodiments, the reporting timing may be determined based on configuration and / or indication of discontinuous reception of measurement RS. For example, if UE is provided with a configuration and / or indication of discontinuous reception of measurement RS (e.g., the report configuration, or the measurement object or identity associated with the report configuration associated with the triggered MR is associated with a configuration and / or indication of discontinuous reception of measurement RS) , the T2 may be applied; otherwise, the T1 may be applied. Furthermore, where the configuration of discontinuous reception of measurement RS may at least comprise a time duration (or cycle) during which UE does not need to receive measurement RS (i.e., perform actual measurement) . For example, for Case B, UE may not need to receive measurement RS within the PW. Optionally, it may be based on configuration and / or indication of (time domain) information about some measurement cell or / and RS that does not require UE to perform reception or / and measurement.
[0158] In some embodiments, the reporting timing may be determined based on purpose (or aim, goal, mode, type, scheme, pattern) . For example, if UE is provided with a first purpose (e.g., the report configuration, or the measurement object or identity associated with the report configuration associated with the triggered MR is associated with a first purpose) , the T2 may be applied; otherwise, e.g., if UE is not provided by the first purpose, or / and UE is provided with a second purpose, the T1 may be applied.
[0159] Where the first purpose is to reduce measurement efforts (or overhead) in temporal, spatial or frequency domain by using predicted measurements. Where the second purpose is to improve the handover performance (e.g., Ping-pong HO, HOF / RLF, short time of stay, Handover interruption) .
[0160] In some embodiments, the reporting timing may be determined based on whether cell measurements and cell predictions are configured to be reported in the same MR, in other words, whether the MR including cell measurements also includes cell predictions. if cell measurements and cell predictions are configured to be reported in the same MR, the T1 may be applied; if cell measurements and cell predictions are configured to be reported in separate MRs, the T2 may be applied.
[0161] In some embodiments, the reporting timing may be determined based on whether cell predictions (i.e., results of model inference) is skipped. For example, for Case B, the cell predictions may be skipped, in this case, T2 may be applied. For Case A, the cell predictions may not be skipped, in this case, T1 may be applied.
[0162] If the reportAmount is configured to be larger than 1, more than one 1 MR need to be reported based on the periodicity configured by the reportInterval, which may lead to the following issue in Case B.
[0163] For example as shown in FIG. 12 (assuming the reportAmount is 4) , if the first MR (e.g., MR-0) includes cell measurements and cell predictions (e.g., cell predictions associated with the PW) , for the subsequent MRs, i.e., MR-1, MR-2, due to UE does not perform measurement at least within the PW, UE has not updated the MR, in other words, the cell predictions / measurements included in the MR-0 should be duplicated with the cell predictions / measurements included in the MR-1 or MR-2, which is obviously unnecessary.
[0164] In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may receive at least one configuration from a network device 120, where the at least one configuration indicates: a report amount indicating a number of measurement reports to be reported that is larger than 1, and a report interval indicating a time interval between two measurement reports to be reported. The terminal device 110 may transmit a first measurement report triggered in an observation window to the network device 120 and based on the at least one configuration. In the following, the terminal device 110 may skip a subsequent measurement report if at least one of the following is fulfilled: - a reporting timing associated with the subsequent measurement report is in a prediction window, - a reporting timing associated with the subsequent measurement report is outside an observation window, or / and - a reporting timing associated with the subsequent measurement report is before a first subsequent observation window, or / and - a reporting timing associated with the subsequent measurement report is before a transmission occasion of a first measurement resource associated with the first subsequent observation window, - the subsequent measurement report is not an updated measurement report, - there are no available measurement results or / and prediction results associated with the subsequent measurement report, or - at least one measurement result or / and at least one prediction result associated with the subsequent measurement report have been included in at least one previous measurement report.
[0165] In some embodiments, there is no MR at least in the PW. If the reportAmount is larger than 1, for a subsequent MR (i.e., MR other than the triggered first MR associated with the event) , if the reporting timing associated with the subsequent is within the PW, or / and is outside the OW, or / and before the (first) subsequent OW, or / and before the transmission occasion of the first measurement (RS) associated with the (first) subsequent OW, or / and if the MR (i.e., cell measurements or / and cell predictions) is not updated, or / and if there is no available cell measurements or / and cell predictions, or / and if the cell predictions or / and cell measurements has been included in the previous MR, the subsequent MR may be skipped (i.e., not initiated) . Otherwise, optionally, the subsequent MR may be initiated. For example, as shown in FIG. 13, the MR-1 and MR-2 may be skipped.
[0166] In some embodiments, whether Option A is performed (or enabled) can be indicated by NW (e.g., by using a new RRC IE) , and / or determined by UE.
[0167] Furthermore, UE may report at least one of the following (new) information in the MR (e.g., MR-3) : whether (previous) MR (s) has been skipped; whether (previous) cell measurements and / or cell predictions has been skipped; the number of (previous) MRs has been skipped; indicator (s) associated with (previous) MR (s) has been skipped.
[0168] In some embodiments, the at least one of the above information may be specific for (or associated with) a time instance, or / and a MR. For example, 2 bits may be used to respectively indicate whether the MR-1 is skipped and whether the MR-2 is skipped.
[0169] In another embodiments, the terminal device 110 may receive at least one configuration from a network device 120, where the at least one configuration indicates: a report amount indicating a number of measurement reports to be reported that is larger than 1, and a report interval indicating a time interval between two measurement reports to be reported.
[0170] The terminal device 110 may perform measurement reporting based on the first set of configurations associated with the first measurement reporting mode. Then, in accordance with a determination that a mode switch condition is met or in responding to receiving a message indicating the second measurement reporting mode, the terminal device 110 may perform the measurement reporting based on the second set of configurations associated with the second measurement reporting mode.
[0171] In some embodiments, the first set of configurations comprises at least one of the following: a first measurement related configuration, a first reporting related configuration, a first prediction window related configuration, or a first observation window related configuration. Similarly, the second set of configurations comprises at least one of the following: a second measurement related configuration, a second reporting related configuration, a second prediction window related configuration, or a second observation window related configuration.
[0172] In some embodiments, after transmitting a first measurement report associated with the first set of configurations associated with the first measurement reporting mode, the terminal device 110 may switch to perform measurement reporting based on the second set of configurations associated with the second measurement reporting mode.
[0173] In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 is configured with a report amount indicating a number of measurement reports to be reported that is larger than 1. Then, for a first measurement report, the terminal device 110 may perform the measurement reporting based on the first set of configurations associated with the first measurement reporting mode. For at least one subsequent measurement report, the terminal device 110 may perform the measurement reporting based on the second set of configurations associated with the second measurement reporting mode.
[0174] More embodiments will be discussed as below. In some embodiments, UE may be provided by NW with multiple schemes (or modes, cases, functionalities) , e.g., two schemes may be configured, and a first scheme is associated with a first set of configurations (e.g., measurement related configuration, reporting related configuration, PW / OW related configuration) about Case A, a second scheme is associated with a second set of configurations about Case B.
[0175] In some embodiments, UE may determine which scheme is to be used based on NW’s configuration.
[0176] In some embodiments, assuming the second scheme is configured to be used, after the first (triggered) MR, and / or if the reportAmount is larger than 1, UE may switch to the first scheme, i.e., start to apply the first set of configurations associated with the first scheme.
[0177] FIG. 14 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method 1400 implemented at a terminal device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 1400 will be described from the perspective of the terminal device 110 in FIG. 1.
[0178] At block 1410, the terminal device determines an event is triggered for at least one first measurement result or / and at least one first prediction result during a first time-to-trigger (TTT) .
[0179] At block 1420, in accordance with a determination that there is at least one second prediction result after the first TTT, the terminal device initiates a measurement reporting based on a reporting timing from a plurality of timings comprising at least one of the following: a first timing which is a time instance associated with the first TTT, a second timing which is a time instance associated with a second TTT during which an evaluation condition is fulfilled for the at least one second prediction result, wherein the second TTT is the same as or different from the first TTT, a third timing which is a last time instance of a prediction window associated with the at least one first prediction result and / or the at least one second prediction result, a fourth timing which is: a last time instance of an observation window associated with the at least one first measurement result, the at least one first prediction result and / or the at least one second prediction result, or a time instance associated with a model inference for the at least one first prediction result and / or the at least one second prediction result.
[0180] In some example embodiments, the first TTT is in the observation window, and the terminal device may initiate the measurement reporting based on the first timing in accordance with a determination that the evaluation condition is fulfilled during the prediction window, and / or initiate the measurement reporting based on the second / third timing in accordance with a determination that the evaluation condition is not fulfilled during the prediction window.
[0181] In some example embodiments, the first TTT is in the observation window, and the terminal device may initiate the measurement reporting based on the second / third timing in accordance with a determination that the evaluation condition is fulfilled during at least one TTT in the prediction window, and / or initiate the measurement reporting based on the first timing in accordance with a determination that the evaluation condition is not fulfilled during any TTT in the prediction window.
[0182] In some example embodiments, at least part of the first TTT is in the prediction window, and the terminal device may initiate the measurement reporting based on the fourth timing in accordance with a determination that the evaluation condition is fulfilled during a time duration after the first TTT in the prediction window, and / or initiate the measurement reporting based on the first / second / third timing in accordance with a determination that the evaluation condition is not fulfilled during the time duration after the first TTT in the prediction window.
[0183] In some example embodiments, at least part of the first TTT is in the prediction window, and the terminal device may initiate the measurement reporting based on the first / second / third timing in accordance with a determination that the evaluation condition is fulfilled during at least one TTT after the first TTT, and / or initiate the measurement reporting based on the fourth timing in accordance with a determination that the evaluation condition is not fulfilled during any TTT after the first TTT.
[0184] In some example embodiments, the terminal device may receive, from a network device, a first parameter indicating the reporting timing; and initiate the measurement reporting based on the reporting timing indicated by the first parameter.
[0185] In some example embodiments, the terminal device may receive, from a network device, a first parameter indicating the plurality of timings; determine the reporting timing from the plurality of timings; and initiate the measurement reporting based on the reporting timing determined from the plurality of timings.
[0186] In some example embodiments, the terminal device may receive, from a network device, a first parameter used for enabling the reporting timing; and initiate the measurement reporting based on the reporting timing enabled by the first parameter.
[0187] In some example embodiments, the terminal device may in accordance with a determination that the first parameter is absent, determine the reporting timing to be a default reporting timing.
[0188] In some example embodiments, the terminal device may determine the reporting timing from the plurality of timings based on at least one of the following: indicator of mobility use case, indicator of functionality, applicability of functionality, activation / deactivation status of functionality, configuration information of the observation window and / or the prediction window, type of the observation window and / or the prediction window, wherein the type is sliding or non-sliding, configuration and / or indication of discontinuous reception of measurement reference signal, mode / goal associated with the measurement reporting, report content associated with the measurement reporting, whether predictions are allowed to be skipped, or mode of measurement reporting.
[0189] FIG. 15 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method 1500 implemented at a terminal device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 1500 will be described from the perspective of the terminal device 110 in FIG. 1.
[0190] At block 1510, the terminal device determines an event is triggered for at least one measurement result or / and at least one first prediction result during a first time-to-trigger (TTT) .
[0191] At block 1520, in accordance with a determination that there is at least one second prediction result after the first TTT, the terminal device initiates a measurement reporting if an evaluation condition is fulfilled for the at least one second prediction result during at least one second TTT in a prediction window associated with the at least one first and / or the at least one second prediction result.
[0192] In some example embodiments, the terminal device may initiate the measurement reporting if one of the following: the evaluation condition is fulfilled during a last TTT in the prediction window, or the evaluation condition is fulfilled during the prediction window.
[0193] In some example embodiments, the terminal device may in accordance with a determination that the second TTT is not configured, the second TTT is determined to be the same as the first TTT or the prediction window, or the second TTT is determined to be a default value.
[0194] In some example embodiments, the terminal device may receive, from a network device, at least one configuration indicating at least one of the following: the event, the observation window, the prediction window, the first TTT, or the second TTT.
[0195] FIG. 16 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method 1600 implemented at a terminal device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 1600 will be described from the perspective of the terminal device 110 in FIG. 1.
[0196] At block 1610, the terminal device receives, from a network device, at least one configuration indicating: a report amount indicating a number of measurement reports to be reported that is larger than 1, and a report interval indicating a time interval between two measurement reports to be reported.
[0197] At block 1620, the terminal device transmits, to the network device and based on the at least one configuration, a first measurement report triggered in an observation window.
[0198] At block 1630, the terminal device skips a subsequent measurement report if at least one of the following is fulfilled: a reporting timing associated with the subsequent measurement report is in a prediction window, a reporting timing associated with the subsequent measurement report is outside an observation window, a reporting timing associated with the subsequent measurement report is before a first subsequent observation window, a reporting timing associated with the subsequent measurement report is before a transmission occasion of a first measurement resource associated with the first subsequent observation window, the subsequent measurement report is not an updated measurement report, there are no available measurement results or / and prediction results associated with the subsequent measurement report, or at least one measurement result or / and at least one prediction result associated with the subsequent measurement report have been included in at least one previous measurement report.
[0199] FIG. 17 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method 1700 implemented at a terminal device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 1700 will be described from the perspective of the terminal device 110 in FIG. 1.
[0200] At block 1710, the terminal device receives, from a network device, at least one configuration indicating: a first measurement reporting mode associated with a first set of configurations, and a second measurement reporting mode associated with a second set of configurations.
[0201] At block 1720, the terminal device performs measurement reporting based on the first set of configurations associated with the first measurement reporting mode.
[0202] At block 1730, in accordance with a determination that a mode switch condition is met or in responding to receiving a message indicating the second measurement reporting mode, the terminal device performs the measurement reporting based on the second set of configurations associated with the second measurement reporting mode.
[0203] In some example embodiments, the terminal device may after transmitting a first measurement report associated with the first set of configurations associated with the first measurement reporting mode, switch to perform measurement reporting based on the second set of configurations associated with the second measurement reporting mode.
[0204] In some example embodiments, the terminal device is configured with a report amount indicating a number of measurement reports to be reported that is larger than 1, and the terminal device may for a first measurement report, perform the measurement reporting based on the first set of configurations associated with the first measurement reporting mode, and / or for at least one subsequent measurement report, perform the measurement reporting based on the second set of configurations associated with the second measurement reporting mode.
[0205] In some example embodiments, the first set of configurations comprises at least one of the following: a first measurement related configuration, a first reporting related configuration, a first prediction window related configuration, or a first observation window related configuration, and the second set of configurations comprises at least one of the following: a second measurement related configuration, a second reporting related configuration, a second prediction window related configuration, or a second observation window related configuration.
[0206] FIG. 18 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method 1800 implemented at a network device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 1800 will be described from the perspective of the network device 120 in FIG. 1.
[0207] At block 1810, the network device transmits, to a terminal device, a first parameter to be used by the terminal device for determining a reporting timing from a plurality of timings comprising at least one of the following: a first timing which is a time instance associated with a first time-to-trigger (TTT) wherein an event is triggered for at least one first measurement result or / and at least one first prediction result during the first TTT, a second timing which is a time instance associated with a second TTT during which an evaluation condition is fulfilled for at least one second prediction result after the first TTT, wherein the second TTT is the same as or different from the first TTT, a third timing which is a last time instance of a prediction window associated with the at least one first prediction result and / or the at least one second prediction result, a fourth timing which is: a last time instance of an observation window associated with the at least one first measurement result, the at least one first prediction result and / or the at least one second prediction result, or a time instance associated with a model inference for the at least one first prediction result and / or the at least one second prediction result.
[0208] At block 1820, the network device receives, from the terminal device, at least one measurement based on the reporting timing.
[0209] In some example embodiments, the first parameter indicates the reporting timing, the first parameter indicates the plurality of timings, or the first parameter is used for enabling the reporting timing.
[0210] FIG. 19 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method 1900 implemented at a network device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 1900 will be described from the perspective of the network device 120 in FIG. 1.
[0211] At block 1910, the network device transmits, to a terminal device, at least one configuration indicating: a report amount indicating a number of measurement reports to be reported that is larger than 1, and a report interval indicating a time interval between two measurement reports to be reported.
[0212] At block 1920, the network device receives, from the terminal device and based on the at least one configuration, a first measurement report triggered in an observation window.
[0213] At block 1930, the network device skips receiving a subsequent measurement report if at least one of the following is fulfilled: a reporting timing associated with the subsequent measurement report is in a prediction window, a reporting timing associated with the subsequent measurement report is outside an observation window, a reporting timing associated with the subsequent measurement report is before a first subsequent observation window, a reporting timing associated with the subsequent measurement report is before a transmission occasion of a first measurement resource associated with the first subsequent observation window, the subsequent measurement report is not an updated measurement report, there are no available measurement results or / and prediction results associated with the subsequent measurement report, or at least one measurement result or / and at least one prediction result associated with the subsequent measurement report have been included in at least one previous measurement report.
[0214] FIG. 20 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method 2000 implemented at a network device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 2000 will be described from the perspective of the network device 120 in FIG. 1.
[0215] At block 2010, the network device transmits, to a terminal device, at least one configuration indicating: a first measurement reporting mode associated with a first set of configurations, and a second measurement reporting mode associated with a second set of configurations.
[0216] At block 2020, the network device transmits, to the terminal device, a message indicating one of the first and second measurement reporting modes, such that the terminal device perform measurement reporting based on a reporting mode indicated by the message.
[0217] FIG. 21 is a simplified block diagram of a device 2100 that is suitable for implementing embodiments of the present disclosure. The device 2100 can be considered as a further example implementation of any of the devices as shown in FIG. 1. Accordingly, the device 2100 can be implemented at or as at least a part of the terminal device 110 or the network device 120.
[0218] As shown, the device 2100 includes a processor 2110, a memory 2120 coupled to the processor 2110, a suitable transceiver 2140 coupled to the processor 2110, and a communication interface coupled to the transceiver 2140. The memory 2120 stores at least a part of a program 2130. The transceiver 2140 may be for bidirectional communications or a unidirectional communication based on requirements. The transceiver 2140 may include at least one of a transmitter 2142 and a receiver 2144. The transmitter 2142 and the receiver 2144 may be functional modules or physical entities. The transceiver 2140 has at least one antenna to facilitate communication, though in practice an Access Node mentioned in this application may have several ones. The communication interface may represent any interface that is necessary for communication with other network elements, such as X2 / Xn interface for bidirectional communications between eNBs / gNBs, S1 / NG interface for communication between a Mobility Management Entity (MME) / Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) / SGW / UPF and the eNB / gNB, Un interface for communication between the eNB / gNB and a relay node (RN) , or Uu interface for communication between the eNB / gNB and a terminal device.
[0219] The program 2130 is assumed to include program instructions that, when executed by the associated processor 2110, enable the device 2100 to operate in accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, as discussed herein with reference to FIGS. 1 to 20) . The embodiments herein may be implemented by computer software executable by the processor 2110 of the device 2100, or by hardware, or by a combination of software and hardware. The processor 2110 may be configured to implement various embodiments of the present disclosure. Furthermore, a combination of the processor 2110 and memory 2120 may form processing means 2150 adapted to implement various embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0220] The memory 2120 may be of any type suitable to the local technical network and may be implemented using any suitable data storage technology, such as a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, semiconductor-based memory devices, magnetic memory devices and systems, optical memory devices and systems, fixed memory and removable memory, as non-limiting examples. While only one memory 2120 is shown in the device 2100, there may be several physically distinct memory modules in the device 2100. The processor 2110 may be of any type suitable to the local technical network, and may include one or more of general purpose computers, special purpose computers, microprocessors, digital signal processors (DSPs) and processors based on multicore processor architecture, as non-limiting examples. The device 2100 may have multiple processors, such as an application specific integrated circuit chip that is slaved in time to a clock which synchronizes the main processor.
[0221] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a terminal device comprising a circuitry is provided. The circuitry is configured to: determine an event is triggered for at least one first measurement result or / and at least one first prediction result during a first time-to-trigger (TTT) ; and in accordance with a determination that there is at least one second prediction result after the first TTT, initiate a measurement reporting based on a reporting timing from a plurality of timings comprising at least one of the following: a first timing which is a time instance associated with the first TTT, a second timing which is a time instance associated with a second TTT during which an evaluation condition is fulfilled for the at least one second prediction result, wherein the second TTT is the same as or different from the first TTT, a third timing which is a last time instance of a prediction window associated with the at least one first prediction result and / or the at least one second prediction result, a fourth timing which is: a last time instance of an observation window associated with the at least one first measurement result, the at least one first prediction result and / or the at least one second prediction result, or a time instance associated with a model inference for the at least one first prediction result and / or the at least one second prediction result. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the circuitry may be configured to perform any method implemented by the terminal device as discussed above.
[0222] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a terminal device comprising a circuitry is provided. The circuitry is configured to: determine an event is triggered for at least one measurement result or / and at least one first prediction result during a first time-to-trigger (TTT) ; and in accordance with a determination that there is at least one second prediction result after the first TTT, initiate a measurement reporting if an evaluation condition is fulfilled for the at least one second prediction result during at least one second TTT in a prediction window associated with the at least one first and / or the at least one second prediction result. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the circuitry may be configured to perform any method implemented by the terminal device as discussed above.
[0223] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a terminal device comprising a circuitry is provided. The circuitry is configured to: receive, from a network device, at least one configuration indicating: a report amount indicating a number of measurement reports to be reported that is larger than 1, and a report interval indicating a time interval between two measurement reports to be reported; transmit, to the network device and based on the at least one configuration, a first measurement report triggered in an observation window; and skip a subsequent measurement report if at least one of the following is fulfilled: a reporting timing associated with the subsequent measurement report is in a prediction window, a reporting timing associated with the subsequent measurement report is outside an observation window, a reporting timing associated with the subsequent measurement report is before a first subsequent observation window, a reporting timing associated with the subsequent measurement report is before a transmission occasion of a first measurement resource associated with the first subsequent observation window, the subsequent measurement report is not an updated measurement report, there are no available measurement results or / and prediction results associated with the subsequent measurement report, or at least one measurement result or / and at least one prediction result associated with the subsequent measurement report have been included in at least one previous measurement report. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the circuitry may be configured to perform any method implemented by the terminal device as discussed above.
[0224] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a terminal device comprising a circuitry is provided. The circuitry is configured to: receive, from a network device, at least one configuration indicating: a first measurement reporting mode associated with a first set of configurations, and a second measurement reporting mode associated with a second set of configurations; perform measurement reporting based on the first set of configurations associated with the first measurement reporting mode; and in accordance with a determination that a mode switch condition is met or in responding to receiving a message indicating the second measurement reporting mode, perform the measurement reporting based on the second set of configurations associated with the second measurement reporting mode. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the circuitry may be configured to perform any method implemented by the terminal device as discussed above.
[0225] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a network device comprising a circuitry is provided. The circuitry is configured to: transmit, to a terminal device, a first parameter to be used by the terminal device for determining a reporting timing from a plurality of timings comprising at least one of the following: a first timing which is a time instance associated with a first time-to-trigger (TTT) wherein an event is triggered for at least one first measurement result or / and at least one first prediction result during the first TTT, a second timing which is a time instance associated with a second TTT during which an evaluation condition is fulfilled for at least one second prediction result after the first TTT, wherein the second TTT is the same as or different from the first TTT, a third timing which is a last time instance of a prediction window associated with the at least one first prediction result and / or the at least one second prediction result, a fourth timing which is: a last time instance of an observation window associated with the at least one first measurement result, the at least one first prediction result and / or the at least one second prediction result, or a time instance associated with a model inference for the at least one first prediction result and / or the at least one second prediction result; and receive, from the terminal device, at least one measurement based on the reporting timing. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the circuitry may be configured to perform any method implemented by the network device as discussed above.
[0226] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a network device comprising a circuitry is provided. The circuitry is configured to: transmit, to a terminal device, at least one configuration indicating: a report amount indicating a number of measurement reports to be reported that is larger than 1, and a report interval indicating a time interval between two measurement reports to be reported; receive, from the terminal device and based on the at least one configuration, a first measurement report triggered in an observation window; and skip receiving a subsequent measurement report if at least one of the following is fulfilled: a reporting timing associated with the subsequent measurement report is in a prediction window, a reporting timing associated with the subsequent measurement report is outside an observation window, a reporting timing associated with the subsequent measurement report is before a first subsequent observation window, a reporting timing associated with the subsequent measurement report is before a transmission occasion of a first measurement resource associated with the first subsequent observation window, the subsequent measurement report is not an updated measurement report, there are no available measurement results or / and prediction results associated with the subsequent measurement report, or at least one measurement result or / and at least one prediction result associated with the subsequent measurement report have been included in at least one previous measurement report. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the circuitry may be configured to perform any method implemented by the network device as discussed above.
[0227] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a network device comprising a circuitry is provided. The circuitry is configured to: transmit, to a terminal device, at least one configuration indicating: a first measurement reporting mode associated with a first set of configurations, and a second measurement reporting mode associated with a second set of configurations; transmit, to the terminal device, a message indicating one of the first and second measurement reporting modes, such that the terminal device perform measurement reporting based on a reporting mode indicated by the message. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the circuitry may be configured to perform any method implemented by the network device as discussed above.
[0228] The term “circuitry” used herein may refer to hardware circuits and / or combinations of hardware circuits and software. For example, the circuitry may be a combination of analog and / or digital hardware circuits with software / firmware. As a further example, the circuitry may be any portions of hardware processors with software including digital signal processor (s) , software, and memory (ies) that work together to cause an apparatus, such as a terminal device or a network device, to perform various functions. In a still further example, the circuitry may be hardware circuits and or processors, such as a microprocessor or a portion of a microprocessor, that requires software / firmware for operation, but the software may not be present when it is not needed for operation. As used herein, the term circuitry also covers an implementation of merely a hardware circuit or processor (s) or a portion of a hardware circuit or processor (s) and its (or their) accompanying software and / or firmware.
[0229] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a terminal apparatus is provided. The terminal apparatus comprises means for determining an event is triggered for at least one first measurement result or / and at least one first prediction result during a first time-to-trigger (TTT) ; and means for in accordance with a determination that there is at least one second prediction result after the first TTT, initiating a measurement reporting based on a reporting timing from a plurality of timings comprising at least one of the following: a first timing which is a time instance associated with the first TTT, a second timing which is a time instance associated with a second TTT during which an evaluation condition is fulfilled for the at least one second prediction result, wherein the second TTT is the same as or different from the first TTT, a third timing which is a last time instance of a prediction window associated with the at least one first prediction result and / or the at least one second prediction result, a fourth timing which is: a last time instance of an observation window associated with the at least one first measurement result, the at least one first prediction result and / or the at least one second prediction result, or a time instance associated with a model inference for the at least one first prediction result and / or the at least one second prediction result. In some embodiments, the first apparatus may comprise means for performing the respective operations of the method 1400. In some example embodiments, the first apparatus may further comprise means for performing other operations in some example embodiments of the method 1400. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module.
[0230] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a terminal apparatus is provided. The terminal apparatus comprises means for determining an event is triggered for at least one measurement result or / and at least one first prediction result during a first time-to-trigger (TTT) ; and means for in accordance with a determination that there is at least one second prediction result after the first TTT, initiating a measurement reporting if an evaluation condition is fulfilled for the at least one second prediction result during at least one second TTT in a prediction window associated with the at least one first and / or the at least one second prediction result. In some embodiments, the second apparatus may comprise means for performing the respective operations of the method 1500. In some example embodiments, the second apparatus may further comprise means for performing other operations in some example embodiments of the method 1500. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module.
[0231] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a terminal apparatus is provided. The terminal apparatus comprises means for receiving, from a network device, at least one configuration indicating: a report amount indicating a number of measurement reports to be reported that is larger than 1, and a report interval indicating a time interval between two measurement reports to be reported; means for transmitting, to the network device and based on the at least one configuration, a first measurement report triggered in an observation window; and means for skipping a subsequent measurement report if at least one of the following is fulfilled: a reporting timing associated with the subsequent measurement report is in a prediction window, a reporting timing associated with the subsequent measurement report is outside an observation window, a reporting timing associated with the subsequent measurement report is before a first subsequent observation window, a reporting timing associated with the subsequent measurement report is before a transmission occasion of a first measurement resource associated with the first subsequent observation window, the subsequent measurement report is not an updated measurement report, there are no available measurement results or / and prediction results associated with the subsequent measurement report, or at least one measurement result or / and at least one prediction result associated with the subsequent measurement report have been included in at least one previous measurement report. In some embodiments, the third apparatus may comprise means for performing the respective operations of the method 1600. In some example embodiments, the third apparatus may further comprise means for performing other operations in some example embodiments of the method 1600. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module.
[0232] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a terminal apparatus is provided. The terminal apparatus comprises means for receiving, from a network device, at least one configuration indicating: a first measurement reporting mode associated with a first set of configurations, and a second measurement reporting mode associated with a second set of configurations; means for performing measurement reporting based on the first set of configurations associated with the first measurement reporting mode; and means for in accordance with a determination that a mode switch condition is met or in responding to receiving a message indicating the second measurement reporting mode, performing the measurement reporting based on the second set of configurations associated with the second measurement reporting mode. In some embodiments, the fourth apparatus may comprise means for performing the respective operations of the method 1700. In some example embodiments, the fourth apparatus may further comprise means for performing other operations in some example embodiments of the method 1700. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module.
[0233] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a network apparatus is provided. The network apparatus comprises means for transmitting, to a terminal device, a first parameter to be used by the terminal device for determining a reporting timing from a plurality of timings comprising at least one of the following: a first timing which is a time instance associated with a first time-to-trigger (TTT) wherein an event is triggered for at least one first measurement result or / and at least one first prediction result during the first TTT, a second timing which is a time instance associated with a second TTT during which an evaluation condition is fulfilled for at least one second prediction result after the first TTT, wherein the second TTT is the same as or different from the first TTT, a third timing which is a last time instance of a prediction window associated with the at least one first prediction result and / or the at least one second prediction result, a fourth timing which is: a last time instance of an observation window associated with the at least one first measurement result, the at least one first prediction result and / or the at least one second prediction result, or a time instance associated with a model inference for the at least one first prediction result and / or the at least one second prediction result; and means for receiving, from the terminal device, at least one measurement based on the reporting timing. In some embodiments, the fifth apparatus may comprise means for performing the respective operations of the method 1800. In some example embodiments, the fifth apparatus may further comprise means for performing other operations in some example embodiments of the method 1800. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module.
[0234] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a network apparatus is provided. The network apparatus comprises means for transmitting, to a terminal device, at least one configuration indicating: a report amount indicating a number of measurement reports to be reported that is larger than 1, and a report interval indicating a time interval between two measurement reports to be reported; means for receiving, from the terminal device and based on the at least one configuration, a first measurement report triggered in an observation window; and means for skipping receiving a subsequent measurement report if at least one of the following is fulfilled: a reporting timing associated with the subsequent measurement report is in a prediction window, a reporting timing associated with the subsequent measurement report is outside an observation window, a reporting timing associated with the subsequent measurement report is before a first subsequent observation window, a reporting timing associated with the subsequent measurement report is before a transmission occasion of a first measurement resource associated with the first subsequent observation window, the subsequent measurement report is not an updated measurement report, there are no available measurement results or / and prediction results associated with the subsequent measurement report, or at least one measurement result or / and at least one prediction result associated with the subsequent measurement report have been included in at least one previous measurement report. In some embodiments, the sixth apparatus may comprise means for performing the respective operations of the method 1900. In some example embodiments, the sixth apparatus may further comprise means for performing other operations in some example embodiments of the method 1900. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module.
[0235] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a network apparatus is provided. The network apparatus comprises means for transmitting, to a terminal device, at least one configuration indicating: a first measurement reporting mode associated with a first set of configurations, and a second measurement reporting mode associated with a second set of configurations; means for transmitting, to the terminal device, a message indicating one of the first and second measurement reporting modes, such that the terminal device perform measurement reporting based on a reporting mode indicated by the message. In some embodiments, the seventh apparatus may comprise means for performing the respective operations of the method 2000. In some example embodiments, the seventh apparatus may further comprise means for performing other operations in some example embodiments of the method 2000. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module.
[0236] In summary, embodiments of the present disclosure provide the following aspects.
[0237] In an aspect, it is proposed a terminal device, comprising: a processor configured to cause the terminal device to: determine an event is triggered for at least one first measurement result or / and at least one first prediction result during a first time-to-trigger (TTT) ; and in accordance with a determination that there is at least one second prediction result after the first TTT, initiate a measurement reporting based on a reporting timing from a plurality of timings comprising at least one of the following: a first timing which is a time instance associated with the first TTT, a second timing which is a time instance associated with a second TTT during which an evaluation condition is fulfilled for the at least one second prediction result, wherein the second TTT is the same as or different from the first TTT, a third timing which is a last time instance of a prediction window associated with the at least one first prediction result and / or the at least one second prediction result, a fourth timing which is: a last time instance of an observation window associated with the at least one first measurement result, the at least one first prediction result and / or the at least one second prediction result, or a time instance associated with a model inference for the at least one first prediction result and / or the at least one second prediction result.
[0238] In some embodiments, the first TTT is in the observation window, and the terminal device may initiate the measurement reporting based on the first timing in accordance with a determination that the evaluation condition is fulfilled during the prediction window, and / or initiate the measurement reporting based on the second / third timing in accordance with a determination that the evaluation condition is not fulfilled during the prediction window.
[0239] In some embodiments, the first TTT is in the observation window, and the terminal device may initiate the measurement reporting based on the second / third timing in accordance with a determination that the evaluation condition is fulfilled during at least one TTT in the prediction window, and / or initiate the measurement reporting based on the first timing in accordance with a determination that the evaluation condition is not fulfilled during any TTT in the prediction window.
[0240] In some embodiments, at least part of the first TTT is in the prediction window, and the terminal device may initiate the measurement reporting based on the fourth timing in accordance with a determination that the evaluation condition is fulfilled during a time duration after the first TTT in the prediction window, and / or initiate the measurement reporting based on the first / second / third timing in accordance with a determination that the evaluation condition is not fulfilled during the time duration after the first TTT in the prediction window.
[0241] In some embodiments, at least part of the first TTT is in the prediction window, and the terminal device may initiate the measurement reporting based on the first / second / third timing in accordance with a determination that the evaluation condition is fulfilled during at least one TTT after the first TTT, and / or initiate the measurement reporting based on the fourth timing in accordance with a determination that the evaluation condition is not fulfilled during any TTT after the first TTT.
[0242] In some embodiments, the terminal device may receive, from a network device, a first parameter indicating the reporting timing; and initiate the measurement reporting based on the reporting timing indicated by the first parameter.
[0243] In some embodiments, the terminal device may receive, from a network device, a first parameter indicating the plurality of timings; determine the reporting timing from the plurality of timings; and initiate the measurement reporting based on the reporting timing determined from the plurality of timings.
[0244] In some embodiments, the terminal device may receive, from a network device, a first parameter used for enabling the reporting timing; and initiate the measurement reporting based on the reporting timing enabled by the first parameter.
[0245] In some embodiments, the terminal device may in accordance with a determination that the first parameter is absent, determine the reporting timing to be a default reporting timing.
[0246] In some embodiments, the terminal device may determine the reporting timing from the plurality of timings based on at least one of the following: indicator of mobility use case, indicator of functionality, applicability of functionality, activation / deactivation status of functionality, configuration information of the observation window and / or the prediction window, type of the observation window and / or the prediction window, wherein the type is sliding or non-sliding, configuration and / or indication of discontinuous reception of measurement reference signal, mode / goal associated with the measurement reporting, report content associated with the measurement reporting, whether predictions are allowed to be skipped, or mode of measurement reporting.
[0247] In an aspect, it is proposed a terminal device, comprising: a processor configured to cause the terminal device to: determine an event is triggered for at least one measurement result or / and at least one first prediction result during a first time-to-trigger (TTT) ; and in accordance with a determination that there is at least one second prediction result after the first TTT, initiate a measurement reporting if an evaluation condition is fulfilled for the at least one second prediction result during at least one second TTT in a prediction window associated with the at least one first and / or the at least one second prediction result.
[0248] In some embodiments, the terminal device may initiate the measurement reporting if one of the following: the evaluation condition is fulfilled during a last TTT in the prediction window, or the evaluation condition is fulfilled during the prediction window.
[0249] In some embodiments, the terminal device may in accordance with a determination that the second TTT is not configured, the second TTT is determined to be the same as the first TTT or the prediction window, or the second TTT is determined to be a default value.
[0250] In some embodiments, the terminal device may receive, from a network device, at least one configuration indicating at least one of the following: the event, the observation window, the prediction window, the first TTT, or the second TTT.
[0251] In an aspect, it is proposed a terminal device, comprising: a processor configured to cause the terminal device to: receive, from a network device, at least one configuration indicating: a report amount indicating a number of measurement reports to be reported that is larger than 1, and a report interval indicating a time interval between two measurement reports to be reported; transmit, to the network device and based on the at least one configuration, a first measurement report triggered in an observation window; and skip a subsequent measurement report if at least one of the following is fulfilled: a reporting timing associated with the subsequent measurement report is in a prediction window, a reporting timing associated with the subsequent measurement report is outside an observation window, a reporting timing associated with the subsequent measurement report is before a first subsequent observation window, a reporting timing associated with the subsequent measurement report is before a transmission occasion of a first measurement resource associated with the first subsequent observation window, the subsequent measurement report is not an updated measurement report, there are no available measurement results or / and prediction results associated with the subsequent measurement report, or at least one measurement result or / and at least one prediction result associated with the subsequent measurement report have been included in at least one previous measurement report.
[0252] In an aspect, it is proposed a terminal device, comprising: a processor configured to cause the terminal device to: receive, from a network device, at least one configuration indicating: a first measurement reporting mode associated with a first set of configurations, and a second measurement reporting mode associated with a second set of configurations; perform measurement reporting based on the first set of configurations associated with the first measurement reporting mode; and in accordance with a determination that a mode switch condition is met or in responding to receiving a message indicating the second measurement reporting mode, perform the measurement reporting based on the second set of configurations associated with the second measurement reporting mode.
[0253] In some embodiments, the terminal device may after transmitting a first measurement report associated with the first set of configurations associated with the first measurement reporting mode, switch to perform measurement reporting based on the second set of configurations associated with the second measurement reporting mode.
[0254] In some embodiments, the terminal device is configured with a report amount indicating a number of measurement reports to be reported that is larger than 1, and the terminal device may for a first measurement report, perform the measurement reporting based on the first set of configurations associated with the first measurement reporting mode, and / or for at least one subsequent measurement report, perform the measurement reporting based on the second set of configurations associated with the second measurement reporting mode.
[0255] In some embodiments, the first set of configurations comprises at least one of the following: a first measurement related configuration, a first reporting related configuration, a first prediction window related configuration, or a first observation window related configuration, and the second set of configurations comprises at least one of the following: a second measurement related configuration, a second reporting related configuration, a second prediction window related configuration, or a second observation window related configuration.
[0256] In an aspect, it is proposed a network device, comprising: a processor configured to cause the network device to: transmit, to a terminal device, a first parameter to be used by the terminal device for determining a reporting timing from a plurality of timings comprising at least one of the following: a first timing which is a time instance associated with a first time-to-trigger (TTT) wherein an event is triggered for at least one first measurement result or / and at least one first prediction result during the first TTT, a second timing which is a time instance associated with a second TTT during which an evaluation condition is fulfilled for at least one second prediction result after the first TTT, wherein the second TTT is the same as or different from the first TTT, a third timing which is a last time instance of a prediction window associated with the at least one first prediction result and / or the at least one second prediction result, a fourth timing which is: a last time instance of an observation window associated with the at least one first measurement result, the at least one first prediction result and / or the at least one second prediction result, or a time instance associated with a model inference for the at least one first prediction result and / or the at least one second prediction result; and receive, from the terminal device, at least one measurement based on the reporting timing.
[0257] In some embodiments, the first parameter indicates the reporting timing, the first parameter indicates the plurality of timings, or the first parameter is used for enabling the reporting timing.
[0258] In an aspect, it is proposed a network device, comprising: a processor configured to cause the network device to: transmit, to a terminal device, at least one configuration indicating: a report amount indicating a number of measurement reports to be reported that is larger than 1, and a report interval indicating a time interval between two measurement reports to be reported; receive, from the terminal device and based on the at least one configuration, a first measurement report triggered in an observation window; and skip receiving a subsequent measurement report if at least one of the following is fulfilled: a reporting timing associated with the subsequent measurement report is in a prediction window, a reporting timing associated with the subsequent measurement report is outside an observation window, a reporting timing associated with the subsequent measurement report is before a first subsequent observation window, a reporting timing associated with the subsequent measurement report is before a transmission occasion of a first measurement resource associated with the first subsequent observation window, the subsequent measurement report is not an updated measurement report, there are no available measurement results or / and prediction results associated with the subsequent measurement report, or at least one measurement result or / and at least one prediction result associated with the subsequent measurement report have been included in at least one previous measurement report.
[0259] In an aspect, it is proposed a network device, comprising: a processor configured to cause the network device to: transmit, to a terminal device, at least one configuration indicating: a first measurement reporting mode associated with a first set of configurations, and a second measurement reporting mode associated with a second set of configurations; transmit, to the terminal device, a message indicating one of the first and second measurement reporting modes, such that the terminal device perform measurement reporting based on a reporting mode indicated by the message.
[0260] In an aspect, a terminal device comprises: at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions thereon, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, causing the device to perform the method implemented by the terminal device discussed above.
[0261] In an aspect, a network device comprises: at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions thereon, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, causing the device to perform the method implemented by the network device discussed above.
[0262] In an aspect, a computer readable medium having instructions stored thereon, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the terminal device discussed above.
[0263] In an aspect, a computer readable medium having instructions stored thereon, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the network device discussed above.
[0264] In an aspect, a computer program comprising instructions, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the terminal device discussed above.
[0265] In an aspect, a computer program comprising instructions, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the network device discussed above.
[0266] Generally, various embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented in hardware or special purpose circuits, software, logic or any combination thereof. Some aspects may be implemented in hardware, while other aspects may be implemented in firmware or software which may be executed by a controller, microprocessor or other computing device. While various aspects of embodiments of the present disclosure are illustrated and described as block diagrams, flowcharts, or using some other pictorial representation, it will be appreciated that the blocks, apparatus, systems, techniques or methods described herein may be implemented in, as non-limiting examples, hardware, software, firmware, special purpose circuits or logic, general purpose hardware or controller or other computing devices, or some combination thereof.
[0267] The present disclosure also provides at least one computer program product tangibly stored on a non-transitory computer readable storage medium. The computer program product includes computer-executable instructions, such as those included in program modules, being executed in a device on a target real or virtual processor, to carry out the process or method as described above with reference to FIGS. 1 to 21. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, libraries, objects, classes, components, data structures, or the like that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. The functionality of the program modules may be combined or split between program modules as desired in various embodiments. Machine-executable instructions for program modules may be executed within a local or distributed device. In a distributed device, program modules may be located in both local and remote storage media.
[0268] Program code for carrying out methods of the present disclosure may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These program codes may be provided to a processor or controller of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus, such that the program codes, when executed by the processor or controller, cause the functions / operations specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams to be implemented. The program code may execute entirely on a machine, partly on the machine, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the machine and partly on a remote machine or entirely on the remote machine or server.
[0269] The above program code may be embodied on a machine readable medium, which may be any tangible medium that may contain, or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The machine readable medium may be a machine readable signal medium or a machine readable storage medium. A machine readable medium may include but not limited to an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of the machine readable storage medium would include an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM) , a read-only memory (ROM) , an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory) , an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) , an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
[0270] Further, while operations are depicted in a particular order, this should not be understood as requiring that such operations be performed in the particular order shown or in sequential order, or that all illustrated operations be performed, to achieve desirable results. In certain circumstances, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous. Likewise, while several specific implementation details are contained in the above discussions, these should not be construed as limitations on the scope of the present disclosure, but rather as descriptions of features that may be specific to particular embodiments. Certain features that are described in the context of separate embodiments may also be implemented in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features that are described in the context of a single embodiment may also be implemented in multiple embodiments separately or in any suitable sub-combination.
[0271] Although the present disclosure has been described in language specific to structural features and / or methodological acts, it is to be understood that the present disclosure defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or acts described above. Rather, the specific features and acts described above are disclosed as example forms of implementing the claims.
Claims
1.A terminal device, comprising:a processor configured to cause the terminal device to:determine an event is triggered for at least one first measurement result or / and at least one first prediction result during a first time-to-trigger (TTT) ; andin accordance with a determination that there is at least one second prediction result after the first TTT, initiate a measurement reporting based on a reporting timing from a plurality of timings comprising at least one of the following:a first timing which is a time instance associated with the first TTT,a second timing which is a time instance associated with a second TTT during which an evaluation condition is fulfilled for the at least one second prediction result, wherein the second TTT is the same as or different from the first TTT,a third timing which is a last time instance of a prediction window associated with the at least one first prediction result and / or the at least one second prediction result,a fourth timing which is:a last time instance of an observation window associated with the at least one first measurement result, the at least one first prediction result and / or the at least one second prediction result, ora time instance associated with a model inference for the at least one first prediction result and / or the at least one second prediction result.2.The terminal device of claim 1, wherein the first TTT is in the observation window, and the terminal device is further caused to:initiate the measurement reporting based on the first timing in accordance with a determination that the evaluation condition is fulfilled during the prediction window, and / orinitiate the measurement reporting based on the second / third timing in accordance with a determination that the evaluation condition is not fulfilled during the prediction window.3.The terminal device of claim 1, wherein the first TTT is in the observation window, and the terminal device is further caused to:initiate the measurement reporting based on the second / third timing in accordance with a determination that the evaluation condition is fulfilled during at least one TTT in the prediction window, and / orinitiate the measurement reporting based on the first timing in accordance with a determination that the evaluation condition is not fulfilled during any TTT in the prediction window.4.The terminal device of claim 1, wherein at least part of the first TTT is in the prediction window, and the terminal device is further caused to:initiate the measurement reporting based on the fourth timing in accordance with a determination that the evaluation condition is fulfilled during a time duration after the first TTT in the prediction window, and / orinitiate the measurement reporting based on the first / second / third timing in accordance with a determination that the evaluation condition is not fulfilled during the time duration after the first TTT in the prediction window.5.The terminal device of claim 1, wherein at least part of the first TTT is in the prediction window, and the terminal device is further caused to:initiate the measurement reporting based on the first / second / third timing in accordance with a determination that the evaluation condition is fulfilled during at least one TTT after the first TTT, and / orinitiate the measurement reporting based on the fourth timing in accordance with a determination that the evaluation condition is not fulfilled during any TTT after the first TTT.6.The terminal device of claim 1, wherein the terminal device is further caused to:receive, from a network device, a first parameter indicating the reporting timing; andinitiate the measurement reporting based on the reporting timing indicated by the first parameter.7.The terminal device of claim 1, wherein the terminal device is further caused to:receive, from a network device, a first parameter indicating the plurality of timings;determine the reporting timing from the plurality of timings; andinitiate the measurement reporting based on the reporting timing determined from the plurality of timings.8.The terminal device of claim 1, wherein the terminal device is further caused to:receive, from a network device, a first parameter used for enabling the reporting timing; andinitiate the measurement reporting based on the reporting timing enabled by the first parameter.9.The terminal device of any of claims 6-8, wherein the terminal device is further caused to:in accordance with a determination that the first parameter is absent, determine the reporting timing to be a default reporting timing.10.The terminal device of claim 1, wherein the terminal device is further caused to: determine the reporting timing from the plurality of timings based on at least one of the following:indicator of mobility use case,indicator of functionality,applicability of functionality,activation / deactivation status of functionality,configuration information of the observation window and / or the prediction window,type of the observation window and / or the prediction window, wherein the type is sliding or non-sliding,configuration and / or indication of discontinuous reception of measurement reference signal,mode / goal associated with the measurement reporting,report content associated with the measurement reporting,whether predictions are allowed to be skipped, ormode of measurement reporting.11.A terminal device, comprising:a processor configured to cause the terminal device to:determine an event is triggered for at least one measurement result or / and at least one first prediction result during a first time-to-trigger (TTT) ; andin accordance with a determination that there is at least one second prediction result after the first TTT, initiate a measurement reporting if an evaluation condition is fulfilled for the at least one second prediction result during at least one second TTT in a prediction window associated with the at least one first and / or the at least one second prediction result.12.The terminal device of claim 11, wherein the terminal device is further caused to: initiate the measurement reporting if one of the following:the evaluation condition is fulfilled during a last TTT in the prediction window, orthe evaluation condition is fulfilled during the prediction window.13.The terminal device of claim 11, wherein the terminal device is further caused to:in accordance with a determination that the second TTT is not configured, the second TTT is determined to be the same as the first TTT or the prediction window, or the second TTT is determined to be a default value.14.A terminal device, comprising:a processor configured to cause the terminal device to:receive, from a network device, at least one configuration indicating:a report amount indicating a number of measurement reports to be reported that is larger than 1, anda report interval indicating a time interval between two measurement reports to be reported;transmit, to the network device and based on the at least one configuration, a first measurement report triggered in an observation window; andskip a subsequent measurement report if at least one of the following is fulfilled:a reporting timing associated with the subsequent measurement report is in a prediction window,a reporting timing associated with the subsequent measurement report is outside an observation window,a reporting timing associated with the subsequent measurement report is before a first subsequent observation window,a reporting timing associated with the subsequent measurement report is before a transmission occasion of a first measurement resource associated with the first subsequent observation window,the subsequent measurement report is not an updated measurement report,there are no available measurement results or / and prediction results associated with the subsequent measurement report, orat least one measurement result or / and at least one prediction result associated with the subsequent measurement report have been included in at least one previous measurement report.15.A terminal device, comprising:a processor configured to cause the terminal device to:receive, from a network device, at least one configuration indicating:a first measurement reporting mode associated with a first set of configurations, anda second measurement reporting mode associated with a second set of configurations;perform measurement reporting based on the first set of configurations associated with the first measurement reporting mode; andin accordance with a determination that a mode switch condition is met or in responding to receiving a message indicating the second measurement reporting mode, perform the measurement reporting based on the second set of configurations associated with the second measurement reporting mode.16.The terminal device of claim 15, wherein the terminal device is further caused to:after transmitting a first measurement report associated with the first set of configurations associated with the first measurement reporting mode, switch to perform measurement reporting based on the second set of configurations associated with the second measurement reporting mode.17.The terminal device of claim 15, wherein the terminal device is configured with a report amount indicating a number of measurement reports to be reported that is larger than 1, and the terminal device is further caused to:for a first measurement report, perform the measurement reporting based on the first set of configurations associated with the first measurement reporting mode, and / orfor at least one subsequent measurement report, perform the measurement reporting based on the second set of configurations associated with the second measurement reporting mode.18.The terminal device of claim 15, wherein,the first set of configurations comprises at least one of the following: a first measurement related configuration, a first reporting related configuration, a first prediction window related configuration, or a first observation window related configuration, andthe second set of configurations comprises at least one of the following: a second measurement related configuration, a second reporting related configuration, a second prediction window related configuration, or a second observation window related configuration.19.A network device, comprising:a processor configured to cause the network device to:transmit, to a terminal device, a first parameter to be used by the terminal device for determining a reporting timing from a plurality of timings comprising at least one of the following:a first timing which is a time instance associated with a first time-to-trigger (TTT) wherein an event is triggered for at least one first measurement result or / and at least one first prediction result during the first TTT,a second timing which is a time instance associated with a second TTT during which an evaluation condition is fulfilled for at least one second prediction result after the first TTT, wherein the second TTT is the same as or different from the first TTT,a third timing which is a last time instance of a prediction window associated with the at least one first prediction result and / or the at least one second prediction result,a fourth timing which is:a last time instance of an observation window associated with the at least one first measurement result, the at least one first prediction result and / or the at least one second prediction result, ora time instance associated with a model inference for the at least one first prediction result and / or the at least one second prediction result; andreceive, from the terminal device, at least one measurement based on the reporting timing.20.A communication method implemented at a terminal device, comprising:receiving, from a network device, at least one configuration indicating: a report amount indicating a number of measurement reports to be reported that is larger than 1, and a report interval indicating a time interval between two measurement reports to be reported;transmitting, to the network device and based on the at least one configuration, a first measurement report triggered in an observation window; andskipping a subsequent measurement report if at least one of the following is fulfilled:a reporting timing associated with the subsequent measurement report is in a prediction window,a reporting timing associated with the subsequent measurement report is outside an observation window,a reporting timing associated with the subsequent measurement report is before a first subsequent observation window,a reporting timing associated with the subsequent measurement report is before a transmission occasion of a first measurement resource associated with the first subsequent observation window,the subsequent measurement report is not an updated measurement report,there are no available measurement results or / and prediction results associated with the subsequent measurement report, orat least one measurement result or / and at least one prediction result associated with the subsequent measurement report have been included in at least one previous measurement report.