Filtrate recycling removes ammonia and sodium sulfate while recovering metal ions, cutting wastewater in cathode precursor production.
pH-controlled evaporation and scrubbing convert dilute ammonium nitrate waste into UAN while recovering nitrogen compounds and limiting corrosion.
Upstream and downstream static mixers improve ammonium nitrate reactor mixing to cut ammonia slippage, nitrogen losses, and energy use.
pH control and vapor scrubbing turn small ammonium nitrate waste streams into UAN while recovering nitrogen compounds and lowering emissions.
Separate nitric acid generation and ammonia capture loops improve scrubbing safety while producing concentrated ammonium nitrate.
Mode switching stores excess ammonia during high renewable power and sustains nitric acid production during low-power periods.
This case integrates aqueous DEF and UAN production, recycling ammonia while avoiding evaporation and wastewater treatment.
A regenerative method converts sulfur oxides into sodium sulfate using sodium bicarbonate under oxidizing conditions.
Electromagnetic energy treatment modifies nutrient compositions to improve soil structure and productivity while preventing salinization.
Blending ammonium nitrate with inert particles reduces detonability while maintaining high nitrate ion concentration for agricultural use.
Internal ceramic coating resists erosion from high-speed two-phase flow, extending tubular reactor life while lowering maintenance costs.
A hydrogen-powered pulse jet system ignites gas mixtures in an intake chamber to produce nitrogen compounds efficiently.
Fluidized bed layering and agglomeration create porous ammonium nitrate granules that resolve poor surface characteristics in ANFO explosive compositions.
Dissolving magnesium nitrate in ammonium nitrate creates a desiccant that prevents caking while maintaining particle porosity and water binding capacity.
Phosphogypsum admixture reduces nutrient leachability while pH control prevents fire risks during drum granulation.
A high-pressure plasma generator produces concentrated nitric acid from atmospheric nitrogen and oxygen.
Segmenting gas-liquid contactors into independent pH-controlled loops avoids hazardous sulfuric acid while boosting nutrient density.
Sintered spherical zinc oxide particles increase bulk density and thermal conductivity in resin compositions.
In-situ nitric acid generation from NOx gases enables safe, high-concentration ammonium nitrate production without hazardous external reagents.
Gum-based gelling agents create a non-filterable hydrogel that hampers ammonium nitrate recovery for explosives while maintaining agricultural effectiveness.
A pH sensor controls an acidic start-up water tank to prevent ammonium nitrite accumulation and detonation risks during repeated plant shut-downs.
Perturbing reductant injection reveals NOx gradients that identify ammonia slip, preventing excessive emissions from selective catalytic reduction systems.
Integrating finishing treatment sections reduces steam consumption and equipment complexity while lowering ammonia emissions.
A continuous fertigation system mixes raw fertilizer materials with flowing irrigation water to create a high-dilution nutrient feedstock.
Hydrophobic membrane extraction passively captures ammonia from air without ventilation energy, recovering nitrogen as concentrated ammonium salt.
Process merges nitric acid synthesis with ammonium nitrate neutralization to mitigate violent exothermic reactions and reduce absorption tower size.
Sodium hexametaphosphate binds potassium chloride particles during compaction, reducing breakage and dust generation while maintaining desired granule size.
Chemical reactants produce high-pressure gas to overcome confining pressure and create complex fractures in low permeability reservoirs.
A fertilizer granule dispersant blend coats particles with insoluble agrochemicals, enabling solid ingredient retention without liquid dissolution.
This approach predicts stable nanocrystalline phases by integrating thermodynamic criteria for grain growth and phase separation into a unified stability map.
Deriving ammonia and steam from the ammonium nitrate stage for oxidation reduces process complexity and costs associated with separate high-oxygen gas streams.